What are the common symptoms of a Xanax-induced rash. How can you effectively manage and treat a rash caused by Xanax. What are the potential complications of a Xanax-related skin reaction. When should you seek medical attention for a Xanax rash.

Understanding Xanax and Its Potential Side Effects

Xanax, containing the active ingredient alprazolam, is a prescription medication commonly used to treat panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder in adults. As with any medication, Xanax can cause various side effects, ranging from mild to severe. One of the less common but potentially concerning side effects is the development of a skin rash.

Common Side Effects of Xanax

Before delving into the specifics of Xanax-induced rashes, it’s important to understand the more common side effects associated with this medication. These can vary depending on the condition being treated:

• Drowsiness
• Lightheadedness
• Dry mouth
• Low blood pressure
• Fatigue
• Changes in appetite
• Irritability
• Trouble with balance and coordination

While these side effects are generally mild and temporary, any persistent or bothersome symptoms should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

Xanax-Induced Skin Reactions: Types and Characteristics

Skin reactions to Xanax, while not among the most common side effects, can occur in some individuals. These reactions can manifest in various forms, each with its own set of characteristics and potential severity.

Mild Skin Reactions

What are the most common types of mild skin reactions associated with Xanax use? Mild skin reactions may include:

• Dermatitis: Inflammation of the skin, often characterized by redness, itching, and sometimes small bumps or blisters
• Skin allergy: An allergic reaction manifesting on the skin, which may cause itching, redness, or hives
• Generalized rash: A widespread eruption on the skin that may be red, itchy, or slightly raised

Severe Skin Reactions

In rare cases, more severe skin reactions can occur. These may include:

• Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS): A serious disorder of the skin and mucous membranes, often beginning with flu-like symptoms followed by a painful rash that spreads and blisters
• Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN): A more severe form of SJS, characterized by widespread blistering and peeling of the skin
• Angioedema: Swelling beneath the skin, often around the eyes, lips, hands, or feet

It’s crucial to seek immediate medical attention if any signs of these severe reactions occur.

Identifying Xanax-Related Rashes: Key Symptoms and Signs

Recognizing the symptoms of a Xanax-induced rash is crucial for timely intervention and appropriate management. What are the telltale signs of a rash caused by Xanax?

• Redness or discoloration of the skin
• Itching or burning sensation
• Raised bumps or hives
• Skin dryness or flaking
• Swelling of the affected area
• Blistering or peeling in severe cases

The onset of these symptoms can vary, with some individuals experiencing a reaction shortly after starting Xanax, while others may develop symptoms after prolonged use. It’s important to note that the appearance and severity of the rash can differ from person to person.

Differentiating Xanax Rashes from Other Skin Conditions

How can you distinguish a Xanax-induced rash from other skin conditions? While it can be challenging to definitively identify the cause of a rash without medical evaluation, there are some factors to consider:

• Timing: A rash that appears shortly after starting Xanax or changing the dosage may be more likely to be drug-related
• Distribution: Xanax rashes may be more generalized rather than localized to a specific area
• Associated symptoms: The presence of other Xanax side effects alongside the rash may indicate a connection
• Absence of other triggers: If no other potential causes (such as new skincare products or environmental factors) are identified, the medication may be a more likely culprit

Despite these guidelines, it’s essential to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.

Causes and Risk Factors for Xanax-Induced Skin Reactions

Understanding the underlying causes and risk factors for Xanax-related skin reactions can help individuals and healthcare providers better anticipate and manage these side effects. What factors contribute to the development of a Xanax-induced rash?

Allergic Reactions

In some cases, a rash may be the result of an allergic reaction to Xanax or one of its inactive ingredients. This type of reaction occurs when the immune system mistakenly identifies the drug as a harmful substance and mounts a defensive response.

Drug Interactions

Xanax can interact with various medications, potentially increasing the risk of side effects, including skin reactions. It’s crucial to inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you’re taking.

Dosage and Duration of Use

The risk of developing side effects, including skin reactions, may increase with higher doses or prolonged use of Xanax. Following the prescribed dosage and duration is essential for minimizing risks.

Individual Factors

Certain individuals may be more susceptible to developing skin reactions from Xanax due to factors such as:

• Pre-existing skin conditions
• History of drug allergies
• Genetic predisposition to drug reactions
• Age and overall health status

Understanding these risk factors can help patients and healthcare providers make informed decisions about Xanax use and monitoring.

Managing and Treating Xanax-Induced Rashes

When a rash develops as a result of Xanax use, appropriate management and treatment are crucial for alleviating symptoms and preventing complications. What are the most effective strategies for managing a Xanax-induced rash?

Discontinuation or Dose Adjustment

In many cases, the first step in managing a Xanax-related rash is to discontinue the medication or adjust the dosage under the guidance of a healthcare provider. It’s important never to stop taking Xanax abruptly without medical supervision, as this can lead to withdrawal symptoms.

Topical Treatments

For mild skin reactions, topical treatments may be recommended to alleviate symptoms:

• Over-the-counter hydrocortisone creams to reduce inflammation and itching
• Calamine lotion for soothing itchy skin
• Moisturizers to combat dryness and promote healing

Oral Medications

In some cases, oral medications may be prescribed to manage symptoms:

• Antihistamines to reduce itching and allergic reactions
• Oral corticosteroids for more severe inflammation

Supportive Care

Additional measures to support skin healing and comfort include:

• Taking cool baths or applying cool compresses to soothe irritated skin
• Wearing loose, breathable clothing to minimize friction
• Avoiding hot showers and harsh soaps that can further irritate the skin

It’s crucial to follow the advice of a healthcare professional when managing a Xanax-induced rash, as the appropriate treatment will depend on the severity and nature of the reaction.

Prevention and Long-Term Management of Xanax-Related Skin Reactions

While not all skin reactions to Xanax can be prevented, there are strategies to minimize the risk and effectively manage long-term use of the medication. How can individuals reduce their likelihood of developing a Xanax-induced rash?

Proper Medication Use

Adhering to prescribed dosages and following your healthcare provider’s instructions is crucial for minimizing the risk of side effects, including skin reactions. Never adjust your dosage without consulting your doctor.

Regular Monitoring

Routine check-ups with your healthcare provider can help detect any early signs of adverse reactions. Be sure to report any new symptoms or concerns promptly.

Skin Care Practices

Maintaining good skin health can potentially reduce the risk of reactions:

• Keep skin moisturized to maintain its protective barrier
• Avoid harsh soaps and skin products that may increase skin sensitivity
• Protect your skin from excessive sun exposure

Alternative Treatment Options

For individuals who experience recurrent skin reactions to Xanax, exploring alternative anxiety treatments with a healthcare provider may be beneficial. These might include:

• Other classes of anti-anxiety medications
• Non-pharmacological treatments such as cognitive-behavioral therapy
• Complementary therapies like meditation or yoga

Remember, any changes to your treatment plan should be made under the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional.

When to Seek Medical Attention for a Xanax-Induced Rash

While many Xanax-related skin reactions are mild and can be managed at home, some situations require prompt medical attention. What are the signs that indicate a need for immediate medical evaluation?

Severe Symptoms

Seek immediate medical care if you experience:

• Widespread rash covering a large portion of your body
• Blistering or peeling of the skin
• Fever accompanying the rash
• Swelling of the face, tongue, or throat
• Difficulty breathing or swallowing

Persistent or Worsening Symptoms

Consult your healthcare provider if:

• The rash persists for more than a few days despite home treatment
• Symptoms worsen or new symptoms develop
• The rash interferes with daily activities or sleep

Signs of Infection

Watch for signs of secondary skin infection, such as:

• Increased redness, warmth, or swelling
• Pus or discharge from the affected area
• Increasing pain or tenderness

Early intervention can prevent complications and ensure appropriate treatment for Xanax-induced skin reactions.

The Importance of Open Communication with Healthcare Providers

Effective management of Xanax-related side effects, including skin reactions, relies heavily on open and honest communication with healthcare providers. Why is this communication so crucial?

Accurate Diagnosis

Reporting symptoms promptly and accurately helps healthcare providers distinguish between Xanax-induced reactions and other potential causes, leading to more precise diagnosis and treatment.

Personalized Treatment Plans

By sharing your experiences and concerns, you enable your healthcare provider to tailor your treatment plan to your specific needs, potentially adjusting medications or exploring alternative options.

Prevention of Complications

Early reporting of side effects allows for timely intervention, potentially preventing more serious complications or long-term health issues.

Improved Medication Management

Open dialogue about side effects can lead to better overall medication management, ensuring that the benefits of Xanax outweigh any potential risks.

Remember, your healthcare provider is your partner in managing your health. Don’t hesitate to ask questions, express concerns, or report any unusual symptoms you may experience while taking Xanax.

Future Perspectives: Research and Advancements in Managing Medication-Induced Skin Reactions

As medical science continues to advance, new insights and approaches to managing medication-induced skin reactions, including those caused by Xanax, are emerging. What does the future hold for the prevention and treatment of these side effects?

Genetic Testing

Research into pharmacogenomics may lead to personalized medicine approaches, allowing healthcare providers to predict an individual’s likelihood of developing skin reactions to specific medications based on their genetic profile.

Novel Drug Formulations

Ongoing research aims to develop new drug formulations that maintain the therapeutic benefits of medications like Xanax while minimizing side effects, including skin reactions.

Advanced Diagnostic Tools

Emerging technologies may provide more accurate and rapid diagnosis of drug-induced skin reactions, enabling faster and more targeted treatment interventions.

Immunotherapy Approaches

Research into immunotherapy techniques may lead to new treatments that can desensitize individuals to medications that previously caused allergic reactions.

While these advancements hold promise for the future, it’s important to continue following current best practices for managing Xanax-induced skin reactions and to stay informed about new developments in consultation with healthcare providers.

In conclusion, while Xanax-induced rashes are a potential side effect of this widely prescribed medication, understanding the risks, recognizing the symptoms, and knowing how to manage these reactions can significantly improve outcomes for individuals using Xanax. By maintaining open communication with healthcare providers and staying informed about current best practices and emerging research, patients can work towards optimizing their treatment while minimizing the risk of adverse skin reactions. As always, any concerns about medication side effects should be promptly discussed with a qualified healthcare professional to ensure safe and effective treatment.

What They Are and How to Manage Them

If you have a certain kind of anxiety disorder, your doctor might suggest Xanax as a treatment option for you. It’s a prescription drug used to treat the following conditions in adults:

• panic disorder
• generalized anxiety disorder

Xanax comes as a tablet that you swallow. It contains the active ingredient alprazolam. (An active ingredient is what makes a drug work.)

While usually prescribed short term, your doctor will determine how long you’ll need to take Xanax.

For more information about Xanax, including details about its uses, see this in-depth article on the drug.

Like other drugs, Xanax can cause mild to serious side effects. Keep reading to learn more.

Note: Xanax is a controlled substance in the United States. This means it has an approved medical use, but may be misused* for other purposes. It also means the federal government, doctors, and pharmacists may pay close attention to how the drug is prescribed and used.

* With misuse, a drug is taken in a way other than how it’s been prescribed.

Xanax vs. Xanax XR

There are two kinds of Xanax tablets.

One form of Xanax tablets is immediate release. This means all the medication is released into your system soon after the tablet dissolves. It’s typically taken three times per day.

The other form, Xanax XR, comes as extended-release (XR) tablets. This means the drug is released slowly into your system over a period of time. Xanax XR is used to treat panic disorder only. It’s typically taken once daily.

There are some differences in the side effects of Xanax and Xanax XR. This article focuses on Xanax only. To learn more about Xanax XR’s side effects, talk with your doctor or see the drug’s prescribing information.

Below are a few of the more common side effects reported by people taking Xanax in studies. These side effects can vary depending on the condition the drug is being used to treat.

More common side effects in people taking Xanax for generalized anxiety disorder include:

• drowsiness
• feeling lightheaded
• dry mouth
• low blood pressure
• increased saliva production

More common side effects in people taking Xanax for panic disorder include:

• drowsiness
• fatigue (low energy)
• changes in appetite
• irritability
• trouble with balance and coordination

While these are the most common side effects of Xanax, they may not happen to you. Keep reading to learn about mild and severe side effects of this drug.

Xanax can cause mild side effects. The kinds of side effects you can have may vary depending on the condition you’re using Xanax to treat.

Examples of mild side effects that have been reported with Xanax when used for generalized anxiety disorder include:

• drowsiness
• feeling lightheaded
• dry mouth
• low blood pressure
• increased saliva production
• dermatitis (inflammation of the skin) or skin allergy
• dizziness
• trouble staying still
• mild allergic reaction*

Examples of mild side effects that have been reported with Xanax when used for panic disorder include:

• drowsiness
• fatigue (low energy)
• irritability, rage, or aggressive behavior
• memory loss
• changes in appetite
• trouble speaking
• changes in sex drive
• skin rash
• confusion
• menstruation disorders, such as heavier periods or painful cramping
• trouble urinating
• trouble with balance and coordination
• changes in weight*
• constipation*
• mild allergic reaction*

In most cases, these side effects should be temporary. And some may be easily managed. But if you have any symptoms that are ongoing or bother you, talk with your doctor or pharmacist. And do not stop taking Xanax unless your doctor recommends it.

Xanax may cause mild side effects other than those listed above. See the drug’s prescribing information for details.

Note: After the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves a drug, it tracks side effects of the medication. If you’d like to notify the FDA about a side effect you’ve had with Xanax, visit MedWatch.

* To learn more about this side effect, see the “Side effects explained” section below.

Serious side effects have been reported with Xanax. These include:

• seizures
• hallucinations
• liver problems
• risk of severe harm or death if taken with opioids*
• risk of withdrawal and dependence*
• risk of misuse and addiction†
• severe allergic reaction‡

If you develop serious side effects while taking Xanax, call your doctor right away. If the side effects seem life threatening or you think you’re having a medical emergency, immediately call 911 or your local emergency number.

* Xanax has a boxed warning for this side effect. This is the most serious warning from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). To learn more, see the “Side effects explained” section below.
† Xanax has a boxed warning for this side effect. To learn more, see the “Xanax and misuse” section below.
‡ To learn more about this side effect, see the “Side effects explained” section below.

Yes, a side effect of Xanax is sleepiness, which can occur even with typical doses. To prevent excessive sleepiness, be sure to take Xanax exactly as your doctor prescribes. They may recommend that you avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how this drug affects your body.

Combining Xanax with other substances such as opioids and alcohol can increase the risk of sleepiness. Talk with your doctor before taking other prescription or nonprescription drugs with Xanax. And if you drink, ask your doctor if there’s a safe amount of alcohol you can consume while taking this drug.

Note: There’s a boxed warning about the risks of taking Xanax with opioids. A boxed warning is the most serious warning from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). To learn more, see the “Side effects explained” section below.

Below are answers to some frequently asked questions about side effects of Xanax.

What are the symptoms of a Xanax overdose?

Overdose is a serious concern when taking Xanax. There’s a boxed warning for this. A boxed warning is the most serious warning from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Side effects of taking too much Xanax include:

• drowsiness
• confusion
• trouble with balance and coordination
• weakened reflexes
• coma*
• death*

Overdoses can occur when taking Xanax alone, but they commonly occur when people combine Xanax with alcohol. Combining Xanax with other medications and illegal substances can also increase the risk of overdose.

* Xanax has a boxed warning for this side effect. To learn more, see the “Side effects explained” section below.

Does Xanax cause any long-term side effects?

No, Xanax is not known to cause any long-term side effects. Your doctor will prescribe Xanax at the lowest dose and for the shortest amount of time that’s effective for treating your condition. Once you stop taking Xanax, any side effects you may have had from the drug should go away.

If you have bothersome side effects that last long and you’re concerned, talk with your doctor or pharmacist. They can help you manage side effects. If needed, your doctor can suggest other treatments for your condition.

Do older adults have a higher risk of side effects from Xanax?

Yes, adults ages 65 years and older may have a higher risk of certain side effects of benzodiazepines. (This is the drug group that Xanax belongs to.) Older adults may have higher levels of Xanax in their body because their kidneys don’t work as well.

An important side effect to consider in older adults is trouble with balance and coordination. Xanax can increase the risk of falls and bone fractures.

Doctors usually prescribe lower doses of Xanax for older adults and may increase the dose slowly if needed.

Does Xanax cause any sexual side effects?

Yes, Xanax may cause sexual side effects. These include a change in sex drive. Some people report an increased sex drive, but others report a decrease.

Other side effects of Xanax that may cause sexual problems include:

• sexual dysfunction, such as impotence
• menstruation disorders, such as heavier periods or painful cramping

Are mood changes such as anger a side effect of Xanax?

Mood changes such as anger are a rare side effect of Xanax. According to studies, the following behavioral changes were reported in rare cases:

• agitation
• rage
• irritability
• aggressive or hostile behavior

The connection between anger and mood disorders, such as panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder, isn’t well studied. One study reported that people with mood disorders may have greater feelings of anger and may not respond as well to mood disorder treatments. People who experience greater feelings of anger may also report worse mood disorder symptoms.

Learn more about some of the side effects Xanax may cause.

Risk of withdrawal and dependence

Xanax has a boxed warning for the risk of withdrawal and dependence. A boxed warning is the most serious warning from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

As with other benzodiazepines (the drug group Xanax belongs to), people can become dependent on Xanax. Dependence occurs when your body gets used to a drug and needs it to function like usual. This can happen if you take high doses of Xanax or take it long term.

If you become dependent on Xanax, stopping it abruptly or taking a much smaller dose than you’re used to can cause withdrawal symptoms. (These are side effects caused by suddenly stopping a drug.)

Withdrawal symptoms from stopping or taking a much smaller dose of Xanax may include:

• seizures (which can sometimes be life threatening)
• trouble concentrating
• anxiety
• trouble sleeping
• headache
• nausea

Other possibly life threatening symptoms that may occur from stopping Xanax include:

• sudden and severe mental health problems
• hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that aren’t really there)
• losing touch with reality
• suicidal thoughts and behaviors

What might help

To reduce your risk of dependence and withdrawal symptoms, your doctor will lower your dose of Xanax slowly when stopping it. How slowly your dosage will be lowered and when you can stop Xanax depends on how you react to dosage changes. If withdrawal symptoms appear, your doctor will slow down your taper of the drug.

If you have withdrawal symptoms from lowering your dose or stopping Xanax, be sure to tell your doctor.

Help is out there

If you or someone you know is in crisis and considering suicide or self-harm, please seek support:

• Call the 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline at 988.
• Text HOME to the Crisis Textline at 741741.
• Not in the United States? Find a helpline in your country with Befrienders Worldwide.
• Call 911 or your local emergency services number if you feel safe to do so.

If you’re calling on behalf of someone else, stay with them until help arrives. You may remove weapons or substances that can cause harm if you can do so safely.

If you are not in the same household, stay on the phone with them until help arrives.

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Risk of severe harm or death if taken with opioids

Xanax has a boxed warning for the risk of severe harm or death if taken with opioids. A boxed warning is the most serious warning from the FDA.

Combining Xanax (or any other benzodiazepine) with an opioid can cause severe drowsiness, trouble breathing, coma, or death. But there may be times your doctor cannot avoid prescribing both drugs for you. If this is the best alternative for your condition, they’ll limit your doses and treatment duration to the minimum.

What might help

While doctors try to avoid prescribing opioids and Xanax together, sometimes other options are not as effective for treating your condition. If you need to take Xanax and opioids at the same time, your doctor will explain the risks. They’ll also monitor you closely for signs of breathing trouble and severe sleepiness as these may require emergency medical care.

Due to the risk of extreme sleepiness, your doctor may recommend that you avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how the combination of Xanax and opioids affects you.

Constipation

Constipation is a mild side effect of Xanax. Doctors suggest that dehydration and the use of benzodiazepines such as Xanax can cause constipation.

While it’s possible to have constipation with Xanax, some people may have diarrhea.

What might help

Following your doctor’s instructions for taking Xanax and not taking more than you’re prescribed can help prevent constipation.

Eating foods with a higher fiber content, drinking plenty of liquids, and getting regular exercise can help relieve constipation. Since Xanax is recommended as a short-term treatment, once you stop taking the drug, your constipation should go away.

If Xanax is causing you bothersome constipation, talk with your doctor or pharmacist. They may recommend over-the-counter laxatives to help relieve this side effect.

Weight gain or weight loss

Changes in appetite and weight can happen when taking Xanax. You may gain or lose weight, but Xanax is not a weight loss drug.

Weight changes may also be a symptom of panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder, the conditions Xanax is used to treat.

What might help

If you’re concerned about weight changes while taking Xanax, talk with your doctor. They can offer suggestions, such as nutrition changes or exercise recommendations, to help you reach or maintain a healthy weight. And since Xanax is recommended as a short-term treatment, changes in weight may be resolved after you stop taking the drug.

Allergic reaction

Like most drugs, Xanax can cause an allergic reaction in some people. Symptoms can be mild to serious and can include:

• skin rash
• itchiness
• flushing (temporary warmth, redness, or deepening of skin color)
• swelling under your skin, usually in your eyelids, lips, hands, or feet
• swelling of your mouth, tongue, or throat, which can make it hard to breathe

What might help

If you have mild symptoms of an allergic reaction, such as a mild rash, call your doctor right away. They may suggest a treatment to manage your symptoms. Examples include:

• an antihistamine you swallow, such as Benadryl (diphenhydramine)
• a product you apply to your skin, such as hydrocortisone cream

If your doctor confirms you’ve had a mild allergic reaction to Xanax, they’ll decide whether you should continue taking it.

If you have symptoms of a severe allergic reaction, such as swelling or trouble breathing, call 911 or your local emergency number right away. These symptoms could be life threatening and require immediate medical care.

If your doctor confirms you’ve had a serious allergic reaction to Xanax, they may have you switch to a different treatment.

Keeping track of side effects

During your Xanax treatment, consider taking notes on any side effects you’re having. You can then share this information with your doctor. This is especially helpful when you first start taking a new drug or using a combination of treatments.

Your side effect notes can include things such as:

• what dose of the drug you were taking when you had the side effect
• how soon you had the side effect after starting that dose
• what your symptoms were
• how it affected your daily activities
• what other medications you were taking
• any other information you feel is important

Keeping notes and sharing them with your doctor will help them learn more about how Xanax affects you. They can then use this information to adjust your treatment plan if needed.

Some important things to discuss with your doctor when considering treatment with Xanax include your overall health and any medical conditions you may have.

Boxed warnings

Xanax has three boxed warnings. A boxed warning is the most serious warning from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Boxed warnings for Xanax include:

Risk of misuse and addiction. With misuse, a drug is taken in a way other than how it’s prescribed. Misuse can lead to addiction, in which a drug is taken even if it’s causing harmful effects. Misusing Xanax can cause addiction, overdose, and possibly death. For details, see the “Xanax and misuse” section below.

Risk of withdrawal and dependence. Taking Xanax can lead to dependence. (This is when your body gets used to a drug and needs it for you to function as usual.) Stopping Xanax suddenly or lowering your dose too fast can cause withdrawal symptoms. (These are side effects caused by suddenly stopping or taking too little of a drug.) With Xanax, these symptoms can be life threatening, such as seizures and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. To learn more, see the “Side effects explained” section above.

Risk of severe harm or death if taken with opioids. Taking Xanax or other benzodiazepines with opioids can result in severe drowsiness, trouble breathing, coma, and death. For more information, refer to the “Side effects explained” section above.

Other warnings

Xanax may not be right for you if you have certain medical conditions. (This is known as a drug-condition interaction.) Other factors may also affect whether Xanax is a good treatment option for you.

Talk with your doctor about your health history before starting Xanax. Factors to consider include those described below.

Liver problems. If you have liver problems, your doctor may prescribe a lower dose of Xanax for you. Because your liver helps to remove Xanax from your system, the drug can build up in your system if you have liver problems. This can increase your risk of side effects from Xanax. Tell your doctor about any liver problems you may have. If needed, they may slowly increase your dose and monitor your side effects. If you have an increase in side effects, they’ll lower your dose.

History of depression. Tell your doctor if you have a history of depression. To prevent an overdose, your doctor may limit how many tablets of Xanax you’ll receive. Benzodiazepines such as Xanax may worsen symptoms of depression and increase the risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Doctors also report that people with depression that’s treated with Xanax may also have increased episodes of mania. With mania, you have high energy, abnormally elevated mood, or extreme changes in emotions.

Breathing problems. Doctors report an increase in deaths among people with severe breathing problems who were taking Xanax. If you have severe breathing problems and take Xanax, your doctor will need to monitor you closely for worsening of this condition. If signs and symptoms of worsening breathing occur, your doctor will have you stop taking this drug.

Kidney problems. If you have a history of kidney problems, your body may have trouble eliminating Xanax. This means the drug could build up in your blood, which could increase your risk of side effects. Tell your doctor if you have kidney problems. They may prescribe a lower dose of Xanax for you.

Allergic reaction. If you’ve had an allergic reaction to Xanax or any of its ingredients, your doctor will likely not prescribe it for you. Ask them about other medications that might be better options.

Older age. For adults ages 65 years and older, doctors will usually prescribe a lower dose of Xanax to start. Older adults have an increased risk of side effects from this drug. For example, because Xanax can cause trouble with balance and coordination, it can increase the risk of falls and bone fractures in older adults.

Alcohol and Xanax

Taking Xanax with alcohol can cause serious side effects, which are included in the drug’s boxed warnings. A boxed warning is the most serious warning from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Combining Xanax and alcohol increases the risk of misuse and addiction. With misuse, a drug is taken in a way other than how it’s prescribed. Misuse can lead to addiction, in which a drug is taken even if it’s causing harmful effects.

This combination of Xanax and alcohol can lead to serious side effects. These include:

• trouble breathing
• overdose
• death

Before your doctor prescribes a benzodiazepine such as Xanax, they’ll assess your risk of misuse and addiction. If you think you have a substance abuse issue, talk with your doctor. They can help you get treatment.

If you have alcohol-related liver disease, your doctor may need to prescribe a lower dose of Xanax. With liver problems, your body can’t eliminate Xanax as well, which can lead to the drug building up in your blood. This can increase your risk of side effects.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding while taking Xanax

Xanax may not be safe to take during pregnancy, depending on how far along the pregnancy is. Babies born to people who took benzodiazepines such as Xanax in the later stages of pregnancy have experienced withdrawal symptoms and extreme drowsiness. This is called neonatal sedation and withdrawal syndrome (NOWS).

Babies with NOWS may have:

• trouble breathing
• extreme fatigue (low energy)
• low muscle tone
• overactive reflexes
• irritability
• restlessness
• shaking
• excessive crying
• trouble feeding

A pregnancy registry is available for people taking Xanax during pregnancy. Reporting effects of Xanax during pregnancy helps researchers to better understand the drug’s risks if used when pregnant. Your doctor can register you by calling the National Pregnancy Registry for Psychiatric Medications at 866-961-2388.

Before starting Xanax, tell your doctor if you’re pregnant or considering pregnancy.

Breastfeeding is not safe while taking Xanax. Some reports show that babies may have intense drowsiness and withdrawal symptoms when receiving breast milk from someone taking this medication.

Tell your doctor if you’re breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed before starting Xanax. They can talk with you about the benefits and risks, and help you determine the best way to feed your baby.

Xanax belongs to a group of drugs called benzodiazepines, which have a boxed warning for the risk of misuse and addiction. A boxed warning is the most serious warning from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

With misuse, a drug is taken in a way other than how it’s been prescribed. This may include taking tablets more often or taking a higher dose than prescribed. In the case of Xanax, combining it with other substances such as alcohol is another way it can be misused.

Misusing Xanax can cause addiction, overdose, and possibly death. (Addiction is when a drug is taken even if it’s causing harmful effects.) Combining Xanax with illegal drugs, alcohol, or other medications can increase the risk of serious side effects, such as trouble breathing.

Before your doctor prescribes Xanax for you, they’ll evaluate your risk for misuse and addiction. If you have a history of abusing certain drugs or substances, Xanax may not be the right drug for you.

Symptoms of misuse may include:

• anxiety
• aggression
• confusion
• paranoia
• suicidal thoughts and behaviors
• seizures
• trouble breathing
• death

Your doctor will tell you about the risks of misusing Xanax, as well as which symptoms suggest misuse. If you have symptoms of misuse, talk with your doctor right away.

While side effects with Xanax are common, they usually don’t last long. But some side effects can be serious. If you’re concerned about side effects of Xanax, talk with your doctor or pharmacist. Some questions you may want to ask include:

• How do the side effects of Xanax compare with other anxiety medications, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors?
• Can taking Xanax cause Alzheimer’s disease?
• Can taking Xanax worsen my depression?

To learn more about Xanax, check out these articles:

• Xanax (alprazolam)
• Dosage for Xanax: What You Need to Know

To get information on different conditions and tips for improving your health, subscribe to any of Healthline’s newsletters. You may also want to check out the online communities at Bezzy. It’s a place where people with certain conditions can find support and connect with others.

Disclaimer: Healthline has made every effort to make certain that all information is factually correct, comprehensive, and up to date. However, this article should not be used as a substitute for the knowledge and expertise of a licensed healthcare professional. You should always consult your doctor or another healthcare professional before taking any medication. The drug information contained herein is subject to change and is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. The absence of warnings or other information for a given drug does not indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective, or appropriate for all patients or all specific uses.

Xanax Side Effects: Find Ways To Manage Them

If you have anxiety, your medical professional might recommend that you take a prescription drug called Xanax.

Xanax is used to treat the following types of anxiety in adults:

• panic disorder with or without agoraphobia
• generalized anxiety disorder

The active drug in Xanax is alprazolam.

Xanax comes as a tablet that you take by mouth. It’s typically used as a short-term treatment. If you’d like to learn more about Xanax, including specifics about its uses, you can see this overview of the medication.

As with other drugs, taking Xanax may cause side effects that can be mild or serious. For more information, we encourage you to keep reading.

While taking Xanax, mild or serious side effects may occur. (Side effects are sometimes referred to as adverse effects.)

Here are some examples of side effects commonly reported with Xanax treatment:

• problems with coordination
• not being able to control the muscles you use to speak, which may lead to slowed or slurred speech
• extreme drowsiness
• sexual side effects*
• low blood pressure*

These aren’t all of the side effects that may happen with Xanax. We discuss other possible mild and serious side effects in the sections below.

* To learn more about this side effect, you can see “Side effects up close” below.

You may have mild side effects after taking Xanax.

Examples of mild side effects that have been reported with Xanax include:

• sexual side effects*
• weight loss or weight gain
• lightheadedness
• constipation
• irritability
• dry mouth
• increased or decreased hunger
• problems with coordination
• fatigue (lack of energy)

* To learn more about this side effect, you can see “Side effects up close” below.

Mild side effects of Xanax can last a short or long time. Some may be easily managed, as well. But if you have any symptoms that continue or bother you, we encourage you to talk with your medical professional or pharmacist. Also, it’s important that you don’t stop taking Xanax unless your medical professional recommends it.

It’s possible that Xanax can cause mild side effects other than the ones listed above. We suggest that you refer to the Xanax medication guide for more information.

Note: After the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves a medication, it tracks side effects of the drug. If you’d like to notify the FDA about a side effect you’ve had with Xanax, you can visit MedWatch.

Xanax may cause serious side effects. Some serious side effects are more common than others.

Serious side effects that have been reported with Xanax include:

• seizures*
• low blood pressure*
• extreme drowsiness
• problems with memory, learning, or concentration
• not being able to control the muscles you use to speak, which may lead to slowed or slurred speech
• allergic reaction*
• boxed warnings:
  • risk of serious injury or death if used with opioids†
  • risk of misuse and addiction†
  • risk of dependence and withdrawal†

If you develop serious side effects while taking Xanax, it’s important to call your medical professional immediately. If you feel that the side effects are life threatening or if you think you’re having a medical emergency, it’s vital to call 911 or your local emergency number right away.

* To learn more about this side effect, you can see “Side effects up close” below.
† Xanax has a boxed warning for this side effect. The warning appears on the drug’s label and alerts you to possible serious risks. To learn more, you can see the “Side effects up close” section above.

Most of the side effects from Xanax will go away with time. But it’s possible that you may have some long-term side effects of the drug.

For example, Xanax has risks for long-term problems, such as:

• misuse and addiction
• dependence and withdrawal

In fact, Xanax has boxed warnings for these risks. Boxed warnings appear on the drug’s label and alert you to possible serious risks.

For details about these warnings, we encourage you to see the “Side effects up close” section below.

Here are answers to some frequently asked questions about the side effects of Xanax.

What side effects could Xanax cause in older adults?

The side effects of Xanax in older adults are generally expected to be the same as those in younger people. (For details, you can see the “Which side effects of Xanax are mild?” and “Which side effects of Xanax are serious?” sections above.)

However, older adults may have certain health conditions that affect how their bodies respond to Xanax. These include kidney and liver problems. And these conditions could increase the risk of side effects from the drug.

Because of this, it’s recommended that older people are given a low dosage of Xanax to start.

If you’re an older adult, we encourage you to talk with your medical professional. They can advise you about the risks and benefits of taking Xanax to treat your condition.

Is anger a side effect of Xanax?

Yes, in some cases, you may have anger as a side effect of Xanax.

Mood and behavior changes have been reported in studies of Xanax. These changes can include:

• agitation
• irritability
• rage
• aggressive behavior

Your risk for mood and behavior changes with Xanax may be higher if you have:

• certain mental health conditions, such as borderline personality disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
• a history of aggressive behavior
• alcohol use disorder or another type of substance use disorder

If you’re concerned about your risk for anger as a side effect of Xanax, we suggest that you talk with your medical professional.

How long do side effects of Xanax withdrawal last?

Withdrawal symptoms with Xanax can occur within hours of stopping use of the drug. They might last for several weeks. In rare cases, withdrawal symptoms from Xanax may last for several months.

Xanax has a boxed warning for the risk of withdrawal. Boxed warnings appear on the drug’s label and alert you to possible serious risks. For details about this warning, you can see the “Side effects up close” section below.

If you have more questions about withdrawal and Xanax, we recommend that you talk with your medical professional.

Is it possible to quit taking Xanax without side effects?

With the help of your medical professional, it may be possible to quit taking Xanax without having side effects.

But if you suddenly stop taking Xanax, you may have withdrawal symptoms. It’s important that you don’t stop taking Xanax until your medical professional says it’s safe to do so. When they tell you it’s safe, they’ll lower your dosage slowly over time. This should lessen your risk for withdrawal from the drug.

Xanax has a boxed warning for the risk of withdrawal. Boxed warnings appear on the drug’s label and alert you to possible serious risks. For details about this warning, you can see the “Side effects up close” section below.

If you’d like to learn more about how to stop taking Xanax, it’s important to talk with your medical professional.

Here’s some additional information about some of the side effects that Xanax may cause.

Sexual side effects

Sexual side effects may occur with Xanax use. These side effects were common in studies of the drug.

Xanax may cause changes in your libido (sex drive), which may be higher or lower than usual.

Erectile dysfunction wasn’t specifically reported in the clinical trials of Xanax. But sexual dysfunction was, and this likely includes reports of erectile dysfunction.

It’s important to note that anxiety, which Xanax is used to treat, can also cause sexual side effects. It may be difficult for you to tell if these side effects are caused by the anxiety or by Xanax itself.

Ways to help manage

We recommend that you tell your medical professional about any sexual side effects you have with Xanax. They can help determine if the side effects are from Xanax or the condition the drug is treating.

Seizures

Suddenly stopping Xanax treatment may cause seizures. In some cases, they may be life-threatening. But this side effect was rare in studies of Xanax.

Seizures can cause symptoms such as:

• confusion
• stiffening of your body
• losing control of your bladder or bowels
• spastic movements of your arms and legs
• trouble breathing

Ways to help manage

If you have seizures while taking Xanax, it’s important to tell your medical professional right away. They’ll typically prescribe a different treatment for you.

Low blood pressure

Low blood pressure may occur while taking Xanax. This was a common side effect in studies of the drug.

You may not have any symptoms of low blood pressure unless it’s very low. Possible symptoms of very low blood pressure can include:

• clammy skin
• dizziness
• blurry vision
• lightheadedness
• loss of consciousness

Ways to help manage

If you have any symptoms of low blood pressure while taking Xanax, we recommend that you talk with your medical professional. They may suggest that you check your blood pressure from time to time using a home monitor.

Boxed warnings

Xanax has boxed warnings from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Boxed warnings appear on the drug’s label and alert you to possible serious risks.

Risk of serious injury or death if used with opioids. The use of Xanax with opioid drugs may cause severe side effects. These include respiratory depression (weak or slow breathing) and extreme sleepiness. Other possible severe side effects include coma and, in certain cases, death.

Examples of opioids include:

• morphine (Kadian, MS Contin)
• oxycodone (Oxycontin, Roxicodone)
• hydrocodone (Hysingla ER, Zohydro ER)

Risk of misuse and addiction. Xanax treatment may lead to misuse and addiction. Misuse refers to taking a drug in a way other than how your medical professional instructs you to take it. Addiction means continuing to take a drug even if it causes you harmful outcomes. Misuse and addiction can lead to overdose and, in rare cases, death.

Misuse and addiction may cause side effects, such as:

• blurry vision
• feelings of confusion, aggression, or irritability
• tremors
• trouble remembering or concentrating
• trouble speaking or slurred speech
• dizziness
• anxiety

Risk of dependence and withdrawal. You may develop physical dependence with Xanax. This happens when your body gets used to a drug and needs the drug in order to feel as you usually do.

If you suddenly stop taking Xanax and are dependent on it, you may have withdrawal symptoms. In some cases, this may be life threatening.

Withdrawal symptoms from Xanax can include:

• seizures
• restlessness
• muscle stiffness or pain
• anxiety
• problems with digestion, such as loss of appetite, diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting
• dizziness
• hallucinations (hearing or seeing things that aren’t really there)
• headache

Ways to help manage

Below are a few tips for managing the effects of Xanax’s boxed warnings.

Risk with opioids. Before you start taking Xanax, it’s important to tell your medical professional about all the medications you take. If they say that it’s safe to take an opioid with Xanax, they’ll discuss the risks with you. They may also lower your Xanax dosage to lessen your risk for side effects as much as possible.

It’s also advised that while you take Xanax, you talk with them before using any new medications.

Misuse and addiction. It’s recommended that you talk with your medical professional about your risk for misuse and addiction with Xanax. They’ll check you for signs of these conditions before you start taking the drug. They’ll also assess your risk from time to time during your treatment.

Dependence and withdrawal. If you’re concerned about your risk for dependence with Xanax, we encourage you to talk with your medical professional.

We also recommend that you talk with them before you stop taking Xanax. If they tell you it’s safe to stop taking the drug, they’ll lower your dosage slowly over time. This helps reduce your risk for withdrawal symptoms.

It’s important to tell your medical professional right away if you have symptoms of withdrawal from Xanax. They’ll watch your condition closely to help prevent your symptoms from becoming worse. They may also suggest certain treatments to help lessen your withdrawal symptoms.

Suicide prevention

If you or someone you know is considering suicide, you’re not alone. Help is available right now:

• Call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline 24 hours a day at 800-273-8255.
• Text “HOME” to the Crisis Text Line at 741741.
• The Trevor Project provides crisis support for LGBTQIA+ individuals. Call their hotline at 866-488-7386 or text “START” to 678-678.
• Contact the teen-to-teen peer hotline, Teen Line, at 800-852-8336 or text TEEN to 839863.

Not in the U.S.? Find a helpline in your country with Befrienders Worldwide.

Allergic reaction

As with most drugs, Xanax can cause an allergic reaction in some people.

Symptoms of an allergic reaction can be mild or serious and can include:

• skin rash
• itchiness
• flushing (temporary warmth, redness, or deepening of skin color)
• swelling under your skin, typically in your eyelids, lips, hands, or feet
• swelling of your mouth, tongue, or throat, which can make it hard to breathe

What might help

If you develop mild symptoms of an allergic reaction, such as itchiness, we recommend that you call your medical professional right away. (If a mild reaction isn’t treated, it could become serious.) They may suggest an over-the-counter product to help ease your symptoms.

If they confirm that you had a mild allergic reaction to Xanax, they can advise you about whether it’s safe for you to keep taking the drug.

If you have symptoms of a severe allergic reaction, such as trouble breathing or swelling, it’s vital to call 911 or your local emergency number right away. These symptoms could be life threatening and require immediate medical care.

If your medical professional confirms you had a serious allergic reaction to Xanax, they may recommend that you switch to a different treatment.

Monitoring side effects

While you take Xanax, you may want to write down information about any side effects you develop. You can share these notes with your medical professional. This is very helpful to do when you first take new medications or use multiple treatments.

In your notes, you can include answers to questions such as:

• What dosage was I taking when I developed the side effect?
• How long after starting that dosage did I have the side effect?
• What symptoms did I develop?
• How did the side effect impact my everyday activities?
• What other medications was I also taking?
• What other information do I think is important to share?

By writing down notes and sharing them with your medical professional, they’ll learn how Xanax affects you. They can use this information to adjust your treatment plan as needed.

Certain conditions can affect whether it’s safe for you to take Xanax. We describe these factors in more detail below.

FDA boxed warnings

Xanax has boxed warnings from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) about the following:

• risk of serious injury or death if used with opioids
• risk of misuse and addiction
• risk of dependence and withdrawal

Boxed warnings appear on the drug’s label and alert you to possible serious risks.

For details, you can see the “Side effects up close” section above.

Other warnings

Xanax may not be right for you if you have certain medical conditions or other factors that affect your health. It’s important to talk with your medical professional about your health history before you take Xanax. The list below includes factors to consider.

Lung conditions. Before starting Xanax treatment, it’s recommended that you tell your medical professional if you have any lung conditions. In some situations, death has been reported in people who had severe lung conditions and took Xanax. If you have a lung condition, your medical professional will help determine if it’s safe for you to take the drug.

Depression. If you have depression, taking Xanax may worsen the condition or cause hypomania or mania. Before you start Xanax treatment, let your medical professional know if you have depression. They may prescribe a lower dosage of Xanax than usual.

Liver conditions. Before starting Xanax treatment, be sure your medical professional knows about any liver conditions you have. They may prescribe you a lower dosage of Xanax than usual.

Allergic reaction. If you’ve had an allergic reaction to Xanax or any of its ingredients, it’s advised that you do not take Xanax. You can ask your medical professional what other medications are better options for you.

Alcohol use and Xanax

It’s not safe to drink alcohol while taking Xanax.

Both alcohol and Xanax can lead to central nervous system (CNS) depression. This condition slows your brain activity.

In addition, both CNS depression and Xanax may cause side effects such as drowsiness and loss of coordination. If you drink alcohol while taking Xanax, your risk for these side effects is even higher.

If you drink alcohol, your medical professional can advise you on how to stop drinking while taking Xanax. Or instead, they may prescribe a treatment other than Xanax.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding while taking Xanax

Here’s some information about Xanax, pregnancy, and breastfeeding.

Pregnancy. It may not be safe take Xanax while you’re pregnant. The drug may cause sleepiness and trouble breathing in newborns who were exposed to the drug during pregnancy.

If you do take Xanax during pregnancy, you may want to enroll in a pregnancy registry. These registries collect details about the effects of a drug when used during pregnancy.

You can enroll in the National Pregnancy Registry for Psychiatric Medications by visiting the registry’s site. You can also call 866-961-2388.

To learn more about the registry and whether Xanax is right for you while pregnant, we encourage you to talk with your medical professional.

Breastfeeding. It’s not safe to take Xanax while breastfeeding. The drug can pass into breast milk, which can cause sleepiness in a child who is breastfed.

If you’re breastfeeding or thinking about it, it’s recommended that you talk with your medical professional. They can review your treatment options and healthy ways to feed your child.

Misuse of Xanax is possible. Because of this, Xanax has a boxed warning for misuse and addiction. A boxed warning appears on the drug’s label and alerts you to possible serious risks.

Misuse refers to taking a drug in a way other than how your medical professional told you to take it.

We discuss the risks of misusing Xanax in more detail in the see “Side effects up close” section above.

If you have questions about misuse and Xanax, we encourage you to talk with your medical professional.

Most side effects of Xanax are mild and lessen with time. But in rare cases, serious side effects can happen. If you have questions about possible side effects of Xanax, we suggest that you talk with your medical professional or pharmacist.

Below are a few questions you may find helpful:

• Does my age put me at a higher risk for certain side effects of Xanax?
• Are there any side effects of Xanax that I should tell you about right away?
• Am I at a high risk for misuse and addiction* with Xanax?
• Do I have any health conditions that may increase my risk for side effects of Xanax?

* Xanax has a boxed warning for this side effect. The warning appears on the drug’s label and alerts you to possible serious risks. To learn more, you can see the “Side effects up close” section above.

While you take Xanax, you may find it helpful to speak with a therapist or join a support group. You may also be interested in ways to afford therapy. The following articles might be helpful to you:

• finding a therapist
• online support group information
• affording therapy

You can also visit the BetterHelp website to search for online counseling.

In addition, you can sign up for the Psych Central newsletter. We share stories from other people on mental health journeys, as well as current information about treatments.

Q:

Are there any side effects of Xanax that my body won’t get used to?

Anonymous patient

A:

This will vary from person to person. Some side effects could go away within several weeks and others could remain throughout your treatment. For example, you may have problems with memory, learning, or concentration while taking Xanax. And it’s possible these side effects won’t go away with time.

Side effects can also change if your dosage of Xanax is adjusted, which is common.

In addition, it’s possible to develop a tolerance to Xanax. This means that if you take the medication for an extended period, one dose of Xanax may work less well than usual.

If you have any side effects while taking Xanax, we encourage you to talk with your doctor. They may change your dosage or adjust your treatment plan in another way.

Dena Westphalen, PharmDAnswers represent the opinions of our medical experts. All content is strictly informational and should not be considered medical advice.

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Disclaimer: Psych Central has made every effort to make certain that all information is factually correct, comprehensive, and up to date. However, this article should not be used as a substitute for the knowledge and expertise of a licensed healthcare professional. You should always consult your doctor or another healthcare professional before taking any medication. The drug information contained herein is subject to change and is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. The absence of warnings or other information for a given drug does not indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective, or appropriate for all patients or all specific uses.

addiction, harm, treatment at the Rehab Family clinic

Xanax is an effective drug from the benzodiazepine group. The drug is used to treat a variety of conditions in the clinical picture of which anxiety is present.

When properly used and taken in prescribed dosages, a tranquilizer has a good therapeutic effect.

The increased interest of drug addicts is associated with the ability of Xanax to induce a state of mild euphoria, reduce the severity of withdrawal symptoms and the level of anxiety.

Uncontrolled use of Xanax is a problem that is known to specialists in various fields of medicine.

Xanax – description, composition, effect, properties

Xanax (alprazolam) is a benzodiazepine anxiolytic with a medium duration of action.

The drug first appeared on the pharmaceutical market in the early 80s of the last century and has found wide application in medicine.

The active substance is alprazolam. The preparation also contains auxiliary components: potato starch, lactose, magnesium stearate, etc.

Available in tablet form of 0.25, 0.5 and 2 mg and retard tablets of 0.5 mg.

Officially, Xanax can only be purchased with a prescription from the attending physician, written out on special forms.

Alprazolam to varying degrees has all the properties of classical benzodiazepines.

It has a pronounced anti-anxiety, soothing, muscle-relaxing, anticonvulsant effect, improves sleep quality. A characteristic feature is an anti-panic effect, in connection with which the drug is prescribed for panic disorders. According to some reports, it has some antidepressant effect.

Most effective in the treatment of disorders with a pronounced anxiety component.

The spectrum of activity of Xanax determines the main indications for its use. These include:

• panic attacks;
• anxiety states, mixed anxiety-depressive disorder;
• neuroses;
• increased irritability, internal tension;
• depressive states;
• obsessive-compulsive disorder;
• psychomotor agitation;
• simple and social phobias;
• sleep problems, appetite disorders;
• withdrawal syndrome in alcoholism and drug addiction;
• a feeling of anxiety and anxiety in a number of somatic diseases;
• tremor of the limbs.

To prevent undesirable consequences of use, it is important to consider contraindications to the use of an anxiolytic:

• individual intolerance;
• angle-closure glaucoma;
• severe damage to the cardiovascular system, respiratory organs, liver, kidneys;
• myasthenia gravis;
• poisoning with alcohol and psychoactive substances;
• depression with suicidal tendencies;
• the period of pregnancy and breastfeeding;
• age up to 18 years.

With prolonged use and excess dosages, Xanax is addictive and highly addictive.

The effect of the drug on the human body

The active substance of the drug has a depressant effect on the central nervous system.

The mechanism of action of Xanax on the body is based on an increase in the inhibitory effect in the brain and a decrease in the excitability of subcortical structures: the limbic system, hypothalamus, and thalamus.

The drug is an agonist (stimulator) of specific benzodiazepine receptors. By binding to the GABA-A receptor complex, the affinity and sensitivity to the mediator increases. The GABA-ergic system is activated, the frequency of opening of chloride channels and the flow of chlorine into the neuron increase. This leads to suppression of neuronal activity and inhibition of the transmission of nerve impulses.

One of the differences between Xanax and other tranquilizers is less pronounced sedation and behavioral toxicity, which is manifested by daytime sleepiness, a decrease in the severity of reactions and cognitive functions.

The main effects of Xanax:

1. Pronounced anxiolytic (anti-anxiety): reduces the feeling of fear, anxiety, emotional stress.
2. Moderate sedation.
3. Increases the duration of sleep, promotes rapid falling asleep.
4. Central muscle relaxant, which occurs as a result of inhibition of the spinal reflexes of the brain stem.
5. Anticonvulsant.

With an increase in the dose of the drug, there is a slight euphoria, a feeling of comfort, calmness, peace, relaxation. To obtain such sensations, the drug is often used by drug addicts.

Drug dependence

When using alprazolam for medical purposes, as prescribed by a doctor, addiction develops slowly. Gradually, adaptation to the action of the drug occurs, and it loses its medicinal properties. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the dose or change the drug. A safe treatment regimen in these cases is selected by a specialist.

With prolonged use of a tranquilizer to achieve a narcotic effect, addiction occurs within 2-3 months. A decrease in the intensity of the body’s response to repeated administration of a substance leads to the need to increase the dose to obtain the same effect.

As a result of abuse, dependence on Xanax develops, which is manifested by a strong and uncontrollable desire to use the drug. The likelihood of dependence is especially high in people suffering from alcoholism, drug addiction, personality disorder.

Against the background of taking an anxiolytic, there is a feeling of physical and mental comfort, well-being, self-confidence. The concentration of attention decreases, the sense of danger, the surrounding reality can be perceived in a distorted form.

Signs of Xanax use:

• a feeling of a surge of strength and energy;
• increased mood, mild euphoria;
• drops in blood pressure;
• tachycardia;
• pallor of the skin;
• trembling of the limbs;
• loss of appetite.

Outside the state of intoxication, irritability, dissatisfaction, discomfort, internal tension appear. If symptoms suggestive of drug abuse appear, it is recommended to contact a specialist in a mental health clinic.

How long does Xanax stay in the body and how is it excreted?

Xanax is a medium-acting benzodiazepine with an average half-life of 12-15 hours.

After oral administration, it is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability is high (about 90%).

The maximum content in the blood plasma is reached after 1-2 hours. Plasma protein binding is 70-80%.

The drug is metabolized in the liver with the participation of cytochrome P450 with the formation of two metabolites.

Alprazolam and its metabolites are excreted mainly unchanged in the urine, a small part through the intestines.

Stages and types of drug dependence

Long-term use of large doses of the substance leads to an increase in tolerance and the development of psychological dependence. The timing of its formation depends on a number of factors: experience of use, dosage, susceptibility of the organism, state of health.

By reducing the dose of the drug, a person experiences discomfort, feels depressed and tense. To get rid of negative symptoms, the addict returns to taking the substance.

With continued use of alprazolam as a drug, physical dependence occurs, a characteristic manifestation of which is withdrawal syndrome (abstinence).

Withdrawal symptoms:

• anxiety, fussiness, irritability;
• depression, apathy;
• deterioration in general well-being;
• excessive sweating;
• malaise, weakness;
• heart palpitations, high blood pressure;
• pain in the region of the heart;
• lack of appetite;
• nausea, vomiting, dizziness;
• insomnia;
• involuntary muscle twitches, spasms.

In severe cases, at the peak of abstinence, hallucinations, psychomotor agitation, and suicidal intentions are possible.

Side effects of this drug

Excessive passion for Xanax leads to chronic intoxication and serious health consequences. These include:

• violation of the functions of internal organs;
• deterioration of mental abilities, absent-mindedness, forgetfulness, decreased memory and attention;
• behavioral disorders: impulsiveness, irascibility, aggressiveness;
• depression, suicidal behavior;
• neurotic states.

Among the main side effects are the following:

• slowness of motor and mental reactions;
• headache, dizziness;
• dry mouth, increased salivation;
• loss of appetite;
• dyspeptic symptoms;
• unsteady gait;
• deterioration of liver and kidney function;
• urination disorders: urinary incontinence or retention;
• skin rashes.

To enhance the effect, the dependent person constantly increases the dose or mixes the drug with other substances. This is fraught with an overdose – a dangerous condition that requires emergency medical attention.

Signs of a Xanax overdose are:

• lethargy, drowsiness;

• disorientation in the environment;
• inhibited state;
• slow heart rate;
• weakness, chills;
• shortness of breath, oppressed breathing;
• nausea, vomiting;
• tremor;
• impaired coordination of movements.

The severity of symptoms can vary from mild poisoning to severe intoxication. Severe cases lead to impaired consciousness and coma.

Overdose often occurs in addicts who take Xanax with alcohol or other CNS depressants.

Combination of the drug with other substances

The combination of alprazolam with other drugs can lead to irreversible consequences.

The joint use of Xanax and alcohol is unacceptable, since the anxiolytic enhances the effect of ethanol and increases the likelihood of acute intoxication. This is dangerous by inhibition of cardiac and respiratory activity up to the complete cessation of breathing and cardiac arrest.

Other tranquilizers, sleeping pills, opioid analgesics should not be used simultaneously with alprazolam.

Drug dependence affects the quality of life, performance and social activity of the patient. Not only the addict himself suffers from its consequences, but also his relatives.

Relationships in the family worsen, conflicts arise at work, former interests and contacts are lost.

Don’t neglect the health of your loved one. Timely help from specialists and constant support from relatives at all stages of treatment will help to cope with the problem and get rid of addiction.

You should not, also, self-medicate, use traditional medicine, turn to “healers” without a medical education. This can lead to dire consequences.

You need to contact only specialized medical centers, where highly qualified specialists with relevant experience work.

Diagnosis and treatment

An accurate diagnosis is established only by a specialist after diagnosing dependence on Xanax. An important role is played by the data of anamnesis, conversation, general examination and assessment of the mental status of the patient.

It is necessary to pay attention to changes in the character, habits, appearance, behavior of an addicted person, which may indicate the presence of a disease.

To completely get rid of addiction, complex therapy and the help of a team of specialists are needed.

It is important to understand that it is impossible to cope with the problem on your own.

Treatment is carried out in stationary conditions under the supervision of doctors and medical personnel. Therapeutic measures are aimed at stopping the intake of the substance, preventing relapses, resolving intra-family and social conflicts, controlling behavior and emotional state, and returning to a full life.

The first stage of treatment is detoxification, which is carried out to completely cleanse the body, remove toxic products, and stop the withdrawal syndrome.

Symptomatic drug therapy is necessary to relieve somatic and neurological disorders, normalize impaired functions, correct behavioral disorders, and eliminate the negative consequences of taking the drug. For this purpose, painkillers, antispasmodics, anticonvulsants, antihypertensives, vitamins, nootropics and other drugs are prescribed.

Important stages of the treatment program are the course of psychotherapy and rehabilitation. Psychotherapeutic sessions help to realize the presence of an addiction, create motivation to eliminate it, overcome psychological dependence and stop using an anxiolytic.

Rehabilitation helps to fully adapt to life in society. The former addict returns to society, can work, independently solve problems and build full-fledged relationships in the family.

After the end of therapy, in order to prevent relapses, it is desirable to create an optimal microclimate and a friendly environment. In addition to special psychotherapeutic techniques, you should observe the daily routine, eat right, and exercise.

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Prevention or advice

Xanax, which is addictive due to abuse, requires special care when used as a drug. The drug is prescribed in short courses and canceled, gradually reducing the dosage.

The main condition for safe treatment and the absence of abstinence is gradual withdrawal.

When treating with alprazolam, it is important to follow some recommendations:

• apply a tranquilizer strictly according to indications, under the supervision of a specialist;
• before starting to take into account contraindications, possible risks and adverse reactions;
• if you experience unpleasant symptoms, contact your doctor immediately;
• it is forbidden to independently adjust and increase the dose of the drug;
• remember about compatibility and interaction with other substances.

In order to prevent dependence on Xanax, it is necessary to identify the first signs of tranquilizer abuse as early as possible and refuse to take it.

The first step in the treatment and prevention of addiction is to contact a competent doctor of a specialized clinic.

References:

1. Fursov B.B., Papsuev O.O., The use of alprazolam in clinical practice, Social and clinical psychiatry, 2012, v.22, No. 1.
2. Medvetsky A.I., General characteristics, application in medicine, methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis of Alprazolam, Far Eastern Medical Journal, 2013
3. Kalinin V.V., Xanax preparation. Application in clinical practice // New drugs, 1998, No. 12
4. Clinical pharmacology. Textbook. 2nd ed., revised. and additional Kuznetsova N.V. — 2021

Xanax – a strong sedative, narcotic drug Xanax • Med-Zahid

Drugs have become a global problem in the modern world, and even some pills used by doctors to treat diseases can cause severe addiction. One such drug is Xanax, an insomnia medication that can be bought at a pharmacy. Having a relatively low price, the drug belongs to the category of strong sedatives. When used improperly, Xanax causes a person to quickly become addictive, which turns into severe drug addiction and can lead to an overdose.

Features of the action of Xanax on the body

What is Xanax? It is a strong sedative, powerful tranquilizer (anxiolytic) that is used medicinally to treat depression, anxiety disorders, and insomnia. The description of Xanax says that it has a calming effect, can relieve the symptoms of panic attacks in a person, and helps to eliminate nervous tension. Xanax is often used to relieve the negative symptoms of withdrawal symptoms in alcoholism.

The course of treatment and dosage of Xanax tablets is determined by the doctor. This takes into account the state of the human body and the severity of the disease. But in addition to the therapeutic effect, Xanax can be a drug, causing a number of negative consequences:

• impaired coordination and slow reaction;
• dizziness and headaches;
• increased weakness and drowsiness;
• deterioration of the liver and intestines;
• memory disorders;
• increased anxiety with abrupt withdrawal of the drug.

The active substance of Xanax is alprazolam, which affects the human nervous system like a drug. Once in the body, it is quickly absorbed into the bloodstream, instantly spreads to all tissues of the body. The effect of Xanax on the central nervous system is expressed in a decrease in brain activity and a feeling of euphoria. This effect occurs even while taking the medicine strictly as prescribed by the doctor. And with an overdose of Xanax, a person quickly gets used to a pleasant feeling of physical and psychological relaxation, which turns the drug into a powerful narcotic “trip”.

Xanax: a cure for insomnia or a dangerous drug?

Xanax, when used correctly as directed by a physician, reduces anxiety and promotes relaxation. But if a person begins to drink Xanax uncontrollably, a strong drug addiction develops, which is accompanied by the effect of “withdrawal”. Pills are becoming more and more popular among young people, being an inexpensive and accessible “trip” that gives a feeling of a drug high.

Dependence on Xanax develops even with a slight overdose of the drug or a violation of the duration of the course of treatment prescribed by the doctor. The drug Xanax has a particularly destructive effect on the human body when used simultaneously with alcohol, other sedatives and antidepressants.

Symptoms of Xanax addiction

Most often, a person begins to abuse Xanax in pursuit of a sense of carelessness and calmness. Taking the drug without a doctor’s prescription causes a negative effect, and drug addiction becomes its consequence. It develops rapidly and can cause an overdose. A drug addict often takes Xanax secretly, but the problem can be recognized by certain symptoms:

• fatigue, drowsiness;
• confused, slurred speech and voice change;
• inability to clearly formulate one’s thought;
• severe headaches;
• mood swings, apathy towards everything around;
• excessive sweating;
• tremor of the human body, numbness of hands and feet;
• skin redness, rash;
• sudden change in weight;
• hypersensitivity to loud sounds;
• insomnia;
• swelling of the face, throat and other parts of the body;
• nausea and vomiting.

If a person has at least a few symptoms from this list, it is a serious reason to go to a rehabilitation center. Drug addiction to Xanax medication cannot be cured on its own, and only a specialist can properly perform drug withdrawal.

The consequences of Xanax abuse

Taking Xanax without a doctor’s prescription, a person quickly becomes addicted. At first, he is “rushing” from a sharp feeling of euphoria, but this effect is quickly replaced by anxiety and panic attacks. Xanax causes a person to shiver in the body, chills, suicidal thoughts arise in the head, the work of the heart and gastrointestinal tract is disrupted. This condition requires urgent specialist intervention. In an effort to get rid of the symptoms of drug withdrawal, a person often exceeds the dose of Xanax, which leads to an overdose and can be fatal.

Overdose help, Xanax addiction treatment

When a person takes more than 50 mg of Xanax, combines pills with alcohol and other psychotropic substances, an overdose occurs.