Rectal Bleeding > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

Overview

Seeing blood in the toilet after you have had a bowel movement is more common than you might guess. There are multiple potential causes, ranging from from hemorrhoids to colon cancer. While rectal bleeding is more common in older patients, young people experience it as well. 

Regardless of age, it’s important to get it checked out promptly, says Hamita Sachar, MD, a Yale Medicine gastroenterologist. “Rectal bleeding is an alarm symptom that might signal a more serious underlying condition. Don’t put off seeing a doctor for it,” she says.

What causes rectal bleeding?

Rectal bleeding usually appears as blood of varying colors (including bright red, maroon or black) in the stool. Rectal bleeding can be a symptom for a wide range of conditions, some more serious than others

Common causes of rectal bleeding include:

• Hemorrhoids:  These are pillow-like blood vessels located inside and outside the rectum, that can become swollen and start bleeding. Common during pregnancy, after childbirth and in people who suffer constipation, hemorrhoids are frequently the culprit when young people experience rectal bleeding.
• Bleeding lesions: Damage to the colon, rectum or anus, caused by infectious diarrhea, diverticulitis, or Crohn’s disease, can cause blood in the stool.
• Anal fissures: A tear in the lower rectum, typically the result of passing a hard stool, can cause bleeding. This condition usually heals within a few weeks.

Less common—and more serious—causes include:

• Colon cancer
• Diverticular bleeding
• Ulcerative colitis
• Crohn’s disease

There are other possible causes for rectal bleeding as well. Proper diagnosis requires the expertise of a medical specialist.

How will a doctor make a diagnosis if you have rectal bleeding?

Your doctor will take a medical history and perform an examination in order to determine which tests are necessary for diagnosis. Dr. Sachar asks patients when they first noticed the rectal bleeding. 

She says that blood connected with defecation is generally less severe than general bleeding. In the latter condition, there is risk of significant blood loss. Therefore, if you experience general rectal bleeding unrelated to a bowel movement, it’s important to get immediate attention. Typically a colonoscopy will be done to determine the best treatment option.

If you have other symptoms as well, such as dizziness, chest pain, or shortness of breath, these may indicate a more serious illness, such as cancer. 

What are some possible treatments for rectal bleeding?

Treatments vary depending on the cause of rectal bleeding.

Basic treatments for less serious conditions include encouraging a high fiber diet, and addressing constipation or diarrhea. If your rectal bleeding is caused by hemorrhoids, a variety of treatments are available, ranging from over-the-counter products like Preparation H, a pain-relieving ointment used to soothe hemorrhoids, to surgical procedures.

People with Crohn’s disease may be prescribed medication, such as corticosteroids or antibiotics, to manage their condition. Treatments for more serious disorders like colon cancer may require endoscopic or traditional surgery.

What’s unique about how Yale Medicine doctors approach the diagnosis and treatment of rectal bleeding?

Though rectal bleeding is often easily diagnosed and treated, it’s comforting to know that Yale Medicine doctors are specialists who are knowledgeable about less common causes, including rare diseases. “Our specialists are sub-sub specialists,” says Dr. Sachar.

In addition, Yale Medicine also offers programs focused on treating particular gastrointestinal disorders, that can provide specialized care depending on your diagnosis. Patients with colon cancer, for example, might be referred to our world-renowned cancer specialists or colon and rectal surgeons. Patients with hard-to-treat hemorrhoids may be referred to Yale Medicine surgeons or the Yale Medicine Interventional Endoscopy team for treatment.  

Rectal Bleeding & Rectal Pain: Causes & Treatment

Before you come for a doctor’s visit, you can try several treatments to improve your symptoms. These lifestyle changes may provide overall health and lifestyle benefits as well. Some treatments help relieve symptoms right away. Others involve making changes in your diet and exercise habits.

Add Fiber to Your Diet

Adding fiber to your diet can help improve bowel function by making stools softer and easier to pass. It can also solidify liquid stools. You should be getting 25-30 grams of fiber per day in your diet.

While including more fiber in your diet is best, it can be difficult for most people to meet this goal by diet alone. Taking a fiber supplement is a good way to increase your fiber intake and meet this goal. We suggest trying these fiber rich foods or ways to add fiber to your diet.

Examples of fiber-rich foods:

• Whole grains, such as wheat bran, corn bran, and brown rice
• Vegetables, especially carrots, broccoli, cabbage, and peas
• Fruits, such as apples, bananas, raspberries, peaches, prunes, and pears
• Nuts and legumes, especially peanuts, lentils, and kidney beans

Easy ways to add fiber:

• Start your day with a high-fiber breakfast. Eat a wheat bran cereal along with a sliced banana. Or, try peanut butter on whole-wheat toast.
• Eat carrot sticks for snacks.
• Use whole-grain breads instead of white bread for sandwiches.
• Eat fruits for treats. Try an apple and some raspberries instead of candy or other processed sweets.
• Look at the packaging of foods you eat to see how much dietary fiber is contained in a serving. Choose foods that have high dietary fiber.

Fiber supplementation:

Common over-the-counter supplements include Metamucil, Citrucel, and Benefiber. Follow the directions on the packaging. For example, mix 1 heaping tablespoon of Citrucel with at least 8 ounces of water or other fluid daily. You can increase the dose to three times daily as your body adjusts to the supplement.

Fiber supplements can initially cause some abdominal bloating, cramping and gas. Your body will adjust to it over the course of a week. You can increase or decrease the dose as needed.

Drink a glass of water each time you take your fiber.

Drink More Water

Along with a high-fiber diet, drinking more water can help improve your bowel function. Be sure to drink plenty of water throughout the day. Nutritionists recommend about eight to 10 cups of water a day.   

Get More Exercise

Getting regular exercise helps your digestion and to prevent constipation. It’s also great for your health. Low-impact activities, such as swimming or walking, are good places to start. Take it easy at first. And remember to drink plenty of water when you exercise.

Develop Good Bowel Habits

Use the bathroom when you need to. Don’t ignore the urge to pass a bowel movement. This can lead to constipation, hard stools, and straining.

Also, don’t read or use your cell phone while on the toilet. Sit only as long as needed, less than 10 minutes. Wipe gently with soft, unscented toilet paper.

causes, symptoms and treatments

Contents

• 1 Rectal bleeding: symptoms, causes and treatment
  • 1. 1 Rectal bleeding: what is it?
  • 1.2 Causes of rectal bleeding
  • 1.3 What symptoms accompany rectal bleeding?
  • 1.4 How is rectal bleeding diagnosed?
  • 1.5 What are the treatments for rectal bleeding?
  • 1.6 Conservative treatment of rectal bleeding
    • 1.6.1 Principles of treatment
    • 1.6.2 Local treatment
    • 1.6.3 Systemic treatment
  • 1.7 What can be the result of short-term neglect of rectal bleeding?
  • 1.8 Who should I contact if I have rectal bleeding?
  • 1.9 Prevention of rectal bleeding
  • 1.10 How can I reduce the risk of recurrent rectal bleeding?
  • 1.11 Rectal bleeding: the search for effective treatments in Russia
    • 1.11.1 The problem of rectal bleeding in Russia
    • 1.11.2 Diagnosis and treatment of rectal bleeding in Russia
    • 1.11.3 Innovations in the treatment of rectal bleeding in Russia
  • 1.12 Related videos:
  • 1. 13 Q&A:
    • • 1.13.0.1 What are the causes of rectal bleeding?
      • 1.13.0.2 What symptoms accompany rectal bleeding?
      • 1.13.0.3 What diagnosis should be made to detect rectal bleeding?
      • 1.13.0.4 What are the treatments for rectal bleeding?
      • 1.13.0.5 What measures can be taken to prevent rectal bleeding?
      • 1.13.0.6 What are the consequences of neglecting rectal bleeding?

Rectal bleeding is a symptom that requires careful attention and a mandatory visit to a doctor. In the article you will find information about the possible causes of bleeding, methods for diagnosing and treating this disorder.

Rectal bleeding is a disorder that clinicians must consider if patients complain of bleeding from the base of the rectum. There may be little or a lot of blood, but any bleeding should be investigated and treated.

The significance of rectal bleeding is that it can be the result of serious diseases such as rectal cancer, polyps or ulcers. Sometimes these problems require emergency surgery to stop the bleeding.

It is important to understand that rectal bleeding is not a transient disorder. Patients suffering from this disorder should definitely see a doctor to determine the cause and discuss a treatment plan. In this article, we look at the causes, symptoms, and treatments for rectal bleeding.

Rectal bleeding: what is it?

Rectal bleeding is a process in which blood comes out of the rectum and anus. This can occur both with certain diseases, and as a result of injury or damage to the intestines.

Rectal bleeding is often a symptom of a more serious condition such as hemorrhoids, anal fissures, bowel cancer or inflammatory bowel disease. If these symptoms occur, you should consult a doctor for a diagnosis and treatment, depending on the cause of the bleeding.

• Most cases of rectal bleeding can be treated with conservative measures such as dietary changes, medications, and regular exercise.
• However, in some cases, surgery may be necessary, such as removal of hemorrhoids or polyps.
• In any case, the treatment of rectal bleeding should be carried out under the supervision of a physician in order to avoid possible complications and maintain the objective stability of the patient’s health.

Causes of rectal bleeding

Rectal bleeding can be caused by various causes. One of the most common is hemorrhoids – a disease of the rectum, in which the venous nodes expand and bleed. Bleeding hemorrhoids act as a cause of bleeding from the rectum.

Other causes may be associated with bowel disease such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, bowel polyposis, rectal cancer, and others. Some medications, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and anticoagulants, can also cause rectal bleeding.

If you have rectal bleeding, you should see your doctor to determine the cause and prescribe the appropriate treatment. Do not ignore this symptom, it can be a dire warning of a serious illness.

What symptoms accompany rectal bleeding?

Rectal bleeding is a symptom that may be accompanied by various symptoms depending on its cause.

One of the main symptoms is blood in the stool. The blood may be bright red, dark, or slimy, and may also be present with purulent discharge.

In case of rectal bleeding caused by diseases of a chronic nature – ulcerative colitis, rectal cancer, diverticulosis, etc. – symptoms of a general lesion may appear – deterioration in health, increased fatigue, loss of appetite and weight.

If any of the above symptoms of rectal bleeding occur, you should immediately consult a doctor for diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

How is rectal bleeding diagnosed?

Diagnosis of rectal bleeding begins with a physical examination. The doctor asks questions about the nature of the bleeding, the presence of pain and other symptoms. Next, a fecal occult blood test is performed, which allows you to determine the presence of bleeding in the intestine.

Various diagnostic methods are used to confirm the diagnosis, such as sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy. Sigmoidoscopy allows you to look at the rectum and lower part of the large intestine, and colonoscopy – at its entire length. With these methods, you can notice lesions of the intestinal wall, determine the site of bleeding and take a biopsy for a more accurate diagnosis.

Additional methods such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging may also be used. These methods not only confirm the presence of bleeding, but also help to identify its cause, which may be associated with tumors or other diseases.

It is important to see a doctor at the first symptoms of rectal bleeding, as early treatment can prevent complications.

What are the treatments for rectal bleeding?

Treatment depends on the cause of the rectal bleeding.

If the bleeding is caused by hemorrhoids, the first thing to do is to reduce their size. For this, medicines are used, as well as minimally invasive methods – sclerotherapy or ligation.

If the bleeding is caused by other diseases, such as polyps, surgery is required. In such cases, minimally invasive surgery, endoscopic polypectomy, is often used. If necessary, a resection of the rectum can be performed.

In some situations, chemical coagulation, the use of chemicals that block bleeding vessels, may be used.

It is important to see a doctor at the first sign of rectal bleeding.

1. Diagnosis and treatment at an early stage of the disease contributes to the best results.
2. You cannot decide on your own treatment options.
3. Treatment should only be carried out by a qualified specialist.

Conservative treatment of rectal bleeding

Principles of treatment

Conservative treatment of rectal bleeding is based on the principles of stopping bleeding, leading to narrowing of the vascular bed and improving microcirculation in tissues.

Key methods of this treatment are topical administration of suppositories, intramuscular and intravenous injections, and oral medications.

Topical treatment

Topical treatment includes the use of suppositories containing hemostatic and tissue-repairing ingredients such as aminocaproic acid, chamomile extract, and antibiotics to prevent infection.

Epinephrine injections can also be used to constrict the bloodstream at the bleeding site and help stop the bleeding. The effectiveness of this method depends on the intensity of bleeding.

Systemic treatment

Oral drugs such as tranexamic acid, menadione and ascorbic acid can increase overall systemic blood coagulation and improve tissue microcirculation. The use of antibiotics can also help prevent infections and speed up the healing process.

Benefits of treatment Disadvantages of treatment

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How can rectal bleeding be ignored for a short time?

Ignoring rectal bleeding can lead to serious consequences for the patient’s health and even life. If the cause of the bleeding is not identified and treated on time, then the condition may worsen and complications develop.

One possible result of ignoring rectal bleeding is blood loss, which can be significant depending on the cause and duration of the bleeding. This can lead to iron deficiency anemia, which is manifested by weakness, fatigue, pallor of the skin and mucous membranes.

If the cause of rectal bleeding is cancer, ignoring symptoms may lead to the development of rectal cancer, which may have a poor prognosis and require radical therapy.

In addition, short-term neglect of rectal bleeding can complicate diagnosis and treatment, since prolonged bleeding can change the condition of the rectal mucosa and make it more difficult to identify the cause of the bleeding.

Who should I contact if I have rectal bleeding?

Bleeding from the rectum worries many people and is a serious symptom that can correspond to various possible diseases. If you have rectal bleeding, do not delay in contacting your doctor.

The first step is to contact a therapist who will conduct an initial examination and prescribe the necessary additional studies, if necessary. Depending on the issues identified, your GP may refer you to local specialists, such as a gastroenterologist or proctologist, for further advice and treatment.

If bleeding occurs suddenly, is severe, and does not decrease within a few minutes, seek immediate medical attention. It is important to remember that rectal bleeding is a serious symptom and may indicate a potentially dangerous disease such as rectal cancer, so professional medical attention is needed as soon as possible.

Prevention of rectal bleeding

A number of preventive measures must be taken to prevent rectal bleeding. The first of these is proper nutrition, rich in vitamins and minerals, as well as dietary fiber, which facilitates the digestion and excretion of feces without injuring the intestinal mucosa.

You should also avoid spicy, fatty and heavy foods, as well as alcohol and nicotine, which irritate the intestines and contribute to hemorrhoids and other intestinal diseases.

Regular exercise also helps reduce the risk of rectal bleeding, as it strengthens the rectal muscles and promotes blood circulation, which prevents disease.

In case of problems with the intestines and blood in the stool, you should consult a doctor and undergo a comprehensive examination of the body to identify the causes and conduct timely treatment.

How can I reduce the risk of recurrent rectal bleeding?

Avoid constipation

Regular intake of fiber-rich foods, such as vegetables and fruits, can help prevent constipation and reduce the risk of bleeding again.

Follow the diet

Avoid spicy and fatty foods that can irritate the rectum and cause bleeding. Replace them with proteins, vegetables and fruits, and healthy fats like nuts and avocados.

Stop drinking and smoking

Alcohol and nicotine may increase the risk of developing and recurring rectal bleeding. Therefore, avoid using them.

Exercise regularly

Exercise helps reduce the risk of constipation and improves circulation in the pelvic area.

See a doctor

If you have had rectal bleeding, be sure to see a doctor. He can determine the cause of the bleeding and advise the necessary medications or procedures to treat it.

Rectal bleeding: finding effective treatments in Russia

The problem of rectal bleeding in Russia

Rectal bleeding can be caused by various causes, including bowel disease, hemorrhoids, polyps, and even cancer. This problem occurs among people of all ages, but is especially common in older people. In Russia, as in many other countries, rectal bleeding is one of the most common problems associated with bowel disease.

Diagnosis and treatment of rectal bleeding in Russia

Diagnosis of rectal bleeding in Russia is carried out using various methods, including rectoscopy, colonoscopy and computed tomography. Determining the cause of bleeding allows you to prescribe the most effective treatment.

There are many methods of treating rectal bleeding in Russia, including medical therapy, surgical methods and minimally invasive surgery methods. The choice of method depends on the specific situation and the cause of bleeding.

Innovations in the treatment of rectal bleeding in Russia

At present, innovative methods of treating rectal bleeding are widely used in Russia. One of these methods is minimally invasive surgery, which minimizes the risk of complications and reduces recovery time after surgery.

In addition, work is underway in Russia to develop new treatments for rectal bleeding, such as laser therapy and endoscopic radiofrequency ablation. These methods are less invasive and more effective than conventional treatments.

In general, in Russia there is a wide range of methods for the treatment of rectal bleeding, which allows you to choose the most effective method of treatment in each specific situation.

Related videos:

Q&A:

What are the causes of rectal bleeding?

Causes can be different: hemorrhoids, rectal fissures, diverticula, polyps, rectal cancer, ulcerative colitis, hemoblastosis and others. Also, rectal bleeding can be a consequence of the use of drugs, such as anticoagulants.

What symptoms accompany rectal bleeding?

The main symptom is blood in the stool or on toilet paper. There may also be pain in the rectum, itching, discomfort, diarrhea or constipation, loss of appetite and deterioration in the general condition of the body.

What diagnosis should be made to detect rectal bleeding?

To determine the cause of rectal bleeding, it is necessary to conduct a number of studies, such as fecal occult blood test, sigmoidoscopy, rectoscopy, colonoscopy, computed tomography, and others.

What are the treatments for rectal bleeding?

Treatment options depend on the cause of the rectal bleeding. In the case of hemorrhoids, conservative treatment may be prescribed, in severe cases, surgery may be required. Colon cancer requires surgery and chemotherapy. Diverticula and polyps can be removed surgically or treated conservatively.

What measures can be taken to prevent rectal bleeding?

To prevent rectal bleeding, it is necessary to monitor the diet, consume more water and fiber, avoid alcohol and smoking. Regular examinations also help to identify possible problems in advance and prevent the development of the disease.

What are the consequences of ignoring rectal bleeding?

Ignoring the symptoms of rectal bleeding can lead to the development of serious diseases such as rectal cancer, which can ultimately threaten the patient’s life. Therefore, it is important not to delay going to the doctor and to conduct the necessary research in the early stages of possible diseases.

Rectal bleeding – causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

Rectal bleeding is the discharge of blood from the anus due to a violation of the integrity of the vessels in the rectum and lower gastrointestinal tract. It can be observed in a large number of diseases of various etiologies. It manifests itself in the form of any amount of fresh blood or clots in feces, stains on toilet paper and underwear. Usually, blood loss is slight or moderate, and profuse rectal bleeding is rare. Diagnosis is based on symptoms, fecal occult blood test, radiological and endoscopic studies. The tactics of treatment is determined by the underlying pathology.

General information

Rectal bleeding is a syndrome that can be observed in a number of inflammatory, infectious, oncological diseases and some other pathological conditions affecting the rectum and lower gastrointestinal tract. Rectal bleeding is diagnosed when there is any amount of blood in the stool (including single streaks), on linen or toilet paper. The frequency of occurrence has not been elucidated due to insufficient standardization of the criteria for rectal bleeding. Experts believe that the statistical data given in various sources should be considered as a reflection of the detection rate, rather than the true prevalence of pathology.

Usually there are references in the literature that rectal bleeding accounts for 20-25% of the total amount of bleeding from all parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Most often, pathology is diagnosed in patients 63-77 years old. The risk of development increases significantly with age (from 30 to 80 years – almost 200 times). Rectal bleeding in only 10-15% of cases is accompanied by systemic hemodynamic disorders (fainting, collapse). Severe bleeding requiring emergency surgery is rare. Small to moderate recurrent rectal bleeding can cause anemia. Treatment is carried out by specialists in the field of clinical proctology and gastroenterology.

Rectal bleeding

Causes

All causes of rectal bleeding can be divided into several groups: caused by benign and malignant tumors of the lower gastrointestinal tract, abnormal growths of the colon mucosa, chronic diseases of the intestines and anus, poisoning and infectious lesions, congenital and acquired disorders of local circulation, stool disorders, complications of various diseases and radiation therapy.

Among the oncological lesions that provoke rectal bleeding, first of all, it is worth mentioning colorectal cancer. Minor bleeding in this pathology may be present already at the initial stages of the development of the disease. With the collapse of the tumor, rectal bleeding becomes more abundant, in some cases significant blood loss is possible due to the melting of a large vessel. Abnormal growths (polyps) also often cause rectal bleeding. Villous polyps rich in vessels bleed especially often.

Bleeding from the anus is a constant symptom of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. In addition, rectal bleeding can occur with diverticulitis of the large intestine, proctitis, and solitary rectal ulcers. Sometimes minor bleeding, often determined only by a fecal occult blood test, develops with ordinary food poisoning. This symptom is also constantly found in infectious lesions of the gastrointestinal tract (for example, with dysentery).

Rectal bleeding is also present in pseudomembranous colitis resulting from specific dysbacteriosis on the background of antibiotic therapy. Sometimes in patients with bleeding from the anus, congenital vascular anomalies (angiodysplasia) or intestinal ischemia are detected due to acquired circulatory disorders in the abdominal cavity and small pelvis. Rectal bleeding is often caused by hemorrhoids, anal fissures, and rectal prolapse.

The symptom can be observed in fistulas of the rectum of various etiologies (with paraproctitis, Crohn’s disease, diverticulitis, rectal cancer, some specific infections), intestinal intussusception and rectal prolapse. In addition, rectal bleeding often develops in cancer patients who have been prescribed radiation therapy to the pelvic area (most often for prostate cancer). Usually, the symptom appears some time after the completion of the course of treatment and is a consequence of radiation proctitis.

Symptoms of bleeding

The nature and intensity of rectal bleeding depend on the underlying pathology. With anal fissures, patients complain of intense pain during bowel movements. Blood is separated in small quantities and is found in the form of small bright red smears on toilet paper. With hemorrhoidal rectal bleeding, similar symptoms can be observed, however, there are no pronounced pains during the act of defecation. Some patients have prolapsed hemorrhoids. The blood is often bright scarlet, although dark clots may also be released. Rectal bleeding with hemorrhoids is more intense, anemia may develop.

With diverticulitis, rectal bleeding develops relatively infrequently, but can be profuse, requiring urgent therapeutic measures. The type of blood depends on the location of the diverticulum. With damage to the sigmoid colon, the blood is bright red, with diverticula of the right sections of the colon – maroon, sometimes almost black. Patients are concerned about abdominal pain, fever and hyperthermia resulting from inflammation of the mucous membrane of the diverticulum. Rectal bleeding in diverticulitis may stop on its own and then recur after months or even years.

Rectal bleeding in colon polyps may occur against the background of subjective well-being or abdominal pain and stool disorders. The intensity of such bleeding is usually low, but their frequent repetition can cause the development of anemia, especially in hereditary familial polyposis with the presence of a large number of villus polyps prone to bleeding.

Rectal bleeding in colorectal cancer is initially minor, blood can be found in the stool in the form of clots or streaks. With the collapse of the tumor, the volume of secreted blood may increase. Along with anemia, abdominal pain and stool disorders, common manifestations of oncological disease are observed: weakness, weight loss, lack of appetite, hyperthermia and intoxication syndrome. Rectal bleeding in angiodysplasia is not accompanied by any symptoms. Abdominal pain and stool disorders are absent. Anemia may develop. The color of blood in polyps and cancer depends on the location of the node. The higher the neoplasm is located, the darker the released blood. With angiodysplasia, this pattern is less pronounced, the blood often has a bright red tint.

With rectal bleeding caused by proctitis and colitis of various etiologies, abdominal pain, diarrhea and pathological impurities in the feces are observed. Along with pus and mucus, streaks of blood can be detected in the fecal masses. In severe acute diseases and exacerbations of chronic forms of colitis and proctitis with severe clinical symptoms, rectal bleeding may increase, but significant blood loss is uncharacteristic. Radiation proctitis and colitis occur with similar symptoms, in most cases, rectal bleeding stops after the completion of the course of radiation therapy.

Diagnosis

Rectal bleeding is diagnosed based on patient complaints, rectal examination, fecal occult blood test, sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy. To assess the severity of anemia, a complete blood count is performed. To identify the underlying pathology that caused the development of rectal bleeding, radiological methods are used (CT, plain and contrast radiography, visceral angiography, fistulography with fistulas), biopsy, coprogram, bacteriological analysis of feces, biochemical blood analysis and other studies. The differential diagnosis is carried out with bleeding from other parts of the gastrointestinal tract.

Treatment of rectal bleeding

Therapeutic tactics is determined by a proctologist, taking into account the severity and cause of the pathology. With minor rectal bleeding, the proctologist recommends rest, prescribes a special diet. Recurrent blood loss may require treatment for the anemia. In all cases, the underlying disease is treated.

In case of heavy blood loss, urgent measures are needed to stop bleeding in combination with replenishment of circulating blood volume. Carry out infusion therapy using blood and blood substitutes.