What are the non-arthritis causes of swollen, painful finger joints. How can heat, exercise, injuries, and infections lead to finger swelling. What are the symptoms and treatments for various causes of swollen knuckles. How can pregnancy-related conditions affect finger joints.

Heat-Induced Finger Swelling: Causes and Solutions

When the mercury rises, our bodies employ various mechanisms to maintain temperature homeostasis. One such mechanism can lead to swollen fingers. But why does this happen?

During hot weather, blood vessels dilate to increase blood flow through the skin. This process helps cool the body as heat dissipates into the air. However, this physiological response can result in noticeable swelling of the fingers and feet, a condition known as heat edema.

Recognizing Heat Edema

Heat edema manifests with distinct symptoms:

• Shiny, stretched skin around the swollen area
• A feeling of tightness when grasping objects
• Visible puffiness in fingers and hands

Managing Heat-Induced Swelling

To alleviate heat edema, consider these strategies:

1. Seek shade or a cooler environment
2. Ensure proper hydration throughout the day
3. Maintain a balanced diet to support fluid regulation

By understanding the body’s response to heat and taking proactive measures, individuals can effectively manage heat-induced finger swelling and maintain comfort during warm weather.

Exercise-Related Finger Swelling: Normal Response or Warning Sign?

Physical activity often leads to increased body temperature, prompting the body to cool itself by pushing blood closer to the skin’s surface. This process can result in swelling of the hands, fingers, and feet. But is this always a benign occurrence?

While exercise-induced swelling is typically harmless, it can sometimes indicate a more serious condition called hyponatremia. This potentially dangerous state occurs when blood sodium levels drop too low due to excessive water intake without proper electrolyte replacement during exercise.

Differentiating Between Normal Swelling and Hyponatremia

How can one distinguish between typical exercise-related swelling and the early stages of hyponatremia?

• Normal swelling usually subsides shortly after exercise
• Hyponatremia may present with persistent puffiness and swelling
• Additional symptoms of hyponatremia include confusion, dizziness, headaches, and in severe cases, seizures or coma

Addressing Exercise-Induced Swelling

For normal exercise-related swelling:

1. Take regular breaks during workouts
2. Allow time for cool-down after exercise
3. Elevate hands and feet post-workout

If hyponatremia is suspected, immediate medical attention is crucial. Treatment varies based on the severity of sodium depletion and may range from fluid restriction to intravenous saline administration. In severe cases, hospitalization for close monitoring and careful electrolyte correction may be necessary.

Finger Injuries: From Minor Accidents to Complex Syndromes

Hand and finger injuries are commonplace, often resulting from falls, sports activities, or workplace accidents. These injuries can range from minor bruises to severe traumas, each with its own set of consequences and treatment protocols.

Common Causes of Finger Injuries

• Falls and impacts
• Sports-related accidents
• Machinery entrapment
• Thermal and chemical burns

While most finger injuries resolve with proper care, some may lead to more complex conditions. One such condition is Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS), which can develop when the body’s inflammatory response to an injury is disproportionately high.

Recognizing CRPS Symptoms

CRPS manifests through various symptoms:

• Persistent stiffness in the affected area
• Disproportionate pain relative to the initial injury
• Prolonged swelling
• Noticeable changes in skin color around the injury site

Treatment Approaches for Finger Injuries

Immediate treatment for finger injuries typically involves:

1. Administration of over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications
2. Use of pain relief medications as needed
3. Immobilization of the affected finger to prevent further damage

For cases where stiffness persists, a regimen of finger exercises and continued anti-inflammatory medication may be prescribed. In situations where CRPS is suspected, early intervention and specialized treatment are crucial for optimal recovery.

Infections Causing Finger Swelling: Bacterial, Viral, and Fungal Culprits

Hand and finger infections are particularly prevalent among individuals working in environments such as farms and construction sites. These infections can be caused by various pathogens, each with its own characteristics and treatment requirements.

Common Infectious Agents

• Bacterial: Staphylococcus aureus (responsible for 80% of bacterial hand infections)
• Viral: Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
• Fungal: Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton species

Identifying Infection-Related Finger Swelling

Symptoms of finger infections can vary based on the causative agent and the infection’s location. Common signs include:

• Localized pain and tenderness
• Increased warmth around the affected area
• Skin discoloration or darkening
• Formation of abscesses
• Reduced finger mobility and function

In some cases, particularly when joint involvement occurs, systemic symptoms such as fever and chills may manifest, indicating a more severe infection.

Treatment Strategies for Different Types of Infections

The approach to treating finger infections depends on the causative agent:

1. Bacterial infections: Typically treated with antibiotics
2. Viral infections (e.g., HSV): May resolve on their own, but antiviral treatment may be recommended if persistent
3. Fungal infections: Usually managed with topical antifungal medications, with oral medications considered for severe cases

Early identification and appropriate treatment of finger infections are crucial to prevent complications and ensure a swift recovery.

Pregnancy-Related Finger Swelling: Normal Changes vs. Warning Signs

Pregnancy brings about numerous physiological changes in a woman’s body, and some degree of swelling in the fingers is considered normal. However, it’s crucial to differentiate between typical pregnancy-related swelling and potentially dangerous conditions.

Understanding Normal Pregnancy Swelling

Mild swelling of the fingers during pregnancy is often attributed to:

• Increased blood volume
• Fluid retention
• Hormonal changes

This type of swelling usually develops gradually and may be more noticeable in the later stages of pregnancy.

Recognizing Preeclampsia: A Serious Concern

Preeclampsia is a potentially dangerous condition that can occur in the last trimester of pregnancy. Rapid onset of swelling, especially when accompanied by other symptoms, may indicate preeclampsia and requires immediate medical attention.

Warning signs of preeclampsia include:

• Sudden, severe swelling of the hands and face
• High blood pressure
• Protein in the urine
• Severe headaches
• Vision changes

Managing Pregnancy-Related Finger Swelling

For normal pregnancy swelling:

1. Elevate hands and feet when possible
2. Stay hydrated
3. Engage in light exercise as approved by healthcare provider
4. Wear loose, comfortable clothing and avoid tight jewelry

If preeclampsia is suspected, immediate medical evaluation is crucial. Treatment may involve close monitoring, bed rest, or in severe cases, early delivery of the baby.

Diagnostic Approaches for Non-Arthritis Finger Swelling

When confronted with finger swelling that doesn’t seem to be related to arthritis, healthcare professionals employ various diagnostic tools and techniques to identify the underlying cause. Understanding these approaches can help patients better navigate their healthcare journey.

Physical Examination

The initial step in diagnosing non-arthritis finger swelling typically involves a thorough physical examination. During this process, the healthcare provider may:

• Visually inspect the affected fingers for signs of swelling, discoloration, or deformity
• Palpate the swollen areas to assess tenderness and texture
• Test range of motion and grip strength
• Check for temperature differences between the affected and unaffected fingers

Medical History Review

A comprehensive medical history can provide valuable clues about the potential causes of finger swelling. The healthcare provider may inquire about:

1. Recent injuries or traumas to the hand or fingers
2. Occupational hazards or repetitive motions
3. Recent changes in activity levels or exercise routines
4. Exposure to extreme temperatures or environmental factors
5. Concurrent symptoms in other parts of the body

Imaging Studies

In some cases, imaging studies may be necessary to visualize the internal structures of the fingers and hands. Common imaging techniques include:

• X-rays: To assess bone structure and identify fractures or dislocations
• Ultrasound: For evaluating soft tissue structures and detecting fluid accumulation
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): To provide detailed images of both soft tissues and bones, useful for diagnosing complex conditions

Laboratory Tests

Blood tests and other laboratory investigations may be ordered to rule out systemic causes of finger swelling or to confirm suspected infections. These may include:

• Complete blood count (CBC) to check for signs of infection or inflammation
• C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) to assess overall inflammation levels
• Cultures of any drainage or lesions to identify specific pathogens in case of infection

By employing a combination of these diagnostic approaches, healthcare providers can accurately identify the cause of non-arthritis finger swelling and develop an appropriate treatment plan.

Lifestyle Modifications and Home Remedies for Finger Swelling

While medical intervention is sometimes necessary for finger swelling, many cases can be managed or alleviated through lifestyle changes and home remedies. Implementing these strategies can help reduce discomfort and prevent recurrence of swelling.

Dietary Adjustments

Certain dietary modifications can help reduce inflammation and fluid retention, which often contribute to finger swelling:

• Reduce sodium intake to minimize fluid retention
• Increase consumption of anti-inflammatory foods such as fatty fish, berries, and leafy greens
• Stay hydrated with water and herbal teas to support proper fluid balance
• Consider incorporating turmeric or ginger into your diet for their natural anti-inflammatory properties

Physical Activity and Exercise

Regular exercise can improve circulation and reduce swelling. Consider incorporating these activities:

1. Gentle hand and finger exercises to improve flexibility and circulation
2. Low-impact cardiovascular exercises like swimming or cycling
3. Yoga or tai chi for overall body balance and circulation

Environmental Modifications

Adapting your environment can help prevent or manage finger swelling:

• Use ergonomic tools and equipment to reduce strain on fingers and hands
• Maintain a comfortable room temperature to prevent heat-induced swelling
• Wear loose-fitting gloves in cold weather to protect fingers from extreme temperatures

Topical Treatments and Massage

Applying certain topical treatments or performing self-massage can provide relief:

1. Use over-the-counter anti-inflammatory creams or gels as directed
2. Apply cold compresses to reduce acute swelling
3. Perform gentle massage on fingers and hands to improve circulation
4. Try essential oils known for their anti-inflammatory properties, such as lavender or peppermint (diluted in a carrier oil)

By incorporating these lifestyle modifications and home remedies, individuals can often manage mild to moderate finger swelling effectively. However, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider if swelling persists or is accompanied by severe pain or other concerning symptoms.

Non-arthritis causes of swollen, painful finger joints

Arthritis is a common cause of finger swelling, but other conditions — such as injuries, preeclampsia, and trauma — can also cause swelling, inflammation, and pain in the fingers and knuckles.

Finger swelling can happen when inflammation or fluid accumulates in the tissues or joints of one or all of the fingers. A person may lose some mobility and notice that their fingers are stiffer and more tender than usual.

Both minor and more severe infections and conditions can cause varying degrees of swelling in the fingers. If someone experiences finger swelling along with pain, heat, and flushing, they should seek urgent medical advice.

Read on to learn more about some potential causes of finger joint swelling that are not arthritis, accompanying symptoms, and treatment options.

During hot weather, the blood vessels dilate. This makes it possible for more blood to flow through the skin, which cools it down as it loses heat to the air. When this happens, people may notice their fingers and feet swelling.

Symptoms

Generally, when someone experiences heat edema, their skin is shinier and stretched around the swollen area. They may also feel a tightness in their fingers when picking up cups and other objects.

Treatment

To reduce heat edema, people should try to move into the shade. They should also ensure that they eat and drink enough during the day.

When a person exercises, they feel hotter. To cool down, the body pushes the blood closer to the surface of the skin to dissipate the heat. When this happens, a person may notice swelling in their hands, fingers, and feet.

However, finger swelling is sometimes a symptom of a more serious condition called hyponatremia. Exercise-related hyponatremia occurs when blood sodium concentration drops to a dangerous level because a person is exercising and drinking too much water without replacing lost electrolytes.

Symptoms

The early stages of hyponatremia may present with puffiness and swelling in the hands and feet. If a person has hyponatremia, they require urgent medical attention.

Some other symptoms of hyponatremia include:

• confusion
• dizziness
• headache
• seizures
• coma

Treatment

Finger swelling from exercising usually goes down when a person takes a break or ends their workout.

Treatment for hyponatremia varies depending on how low a person’s blood sodium levels are. Some people may need to stop drinking until they urinate, whereas others may need intravenous (IV) saline.

When blood sodium levels are severely low, some people may need hospital admission for close monitoring and frequent blood work. This is because hyponatremia requires very careful correction. However, if correction occurs too quickly, some people can become sicker, and this can be life threatening.

Common causes of hand and finger injuries include:

• falls
• sports
• catching fingers in machines
• thermal burns
• chemical burns

When a person hurts their hand or fingers, they usually experience pain and swelling and lose finger mobility for a while.

If the damage is particularly severe, a person may later develop complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). CRPS occurs when the body’s inflammatory response to the injury is too high.

Symptoms

Some CRPS symptoms include:

• stiffness
• pain
• swelling
• changes in skin color

Treatment

When a person injures their finger, immediate treatment usually includes:

• taking over-the-counter (OTC) anti-inflammatory medications
• taking OTC pain relief medications
• taping the finger to restrict movement

If stiffness develops, the person may need to perform finger exercises and continue to take anti-inflammatory medications.

Hand and finger infections are common in people who work on farms and building sites. Staphylococcus aureus is the most prevalent bacterial hand infection and is responsible for 80% of cases.

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is the most common viral infection, whereas Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton species tend to cause most fungal infections.

Symptoms

Depending on where the infection is, a person could experience:

• pain
• heat around the swelling
• skin darkening
• abscess
• loss of finger function

A person may also experience systemic infections, which cause symptoms such as fever and chills. This may be more likely if there is joint involvement of the infection.

Treatment

Antibiotics can treat bacterial infections. HSV could resolve on its own, but a doctor may recommend antiviral treatment if it does not. Depending on how severe a fungal infection is, a doctor usually prescribes topical antifungal medications to apply to the affected area before considering oral medication.

Some swelling in the fingers is normal during pregnancy. However, if swelling occurs rapidly and with other symptoms, a person should contact a doctor immediately.

In the last trimester of pregnancy, some people experience preeclampsia. When this happens, blood pressure and swelling suddenly increase, which can be dangerous for both the parent and the fetus.

Symptoms

When a person has preeclampsia, they may experience:

• swelling in the fingers, hands, and feet
• a persistent headache
• blurry vision
• difficulty breathing

Learn more about preeclampsia.

Treatment

When preeclampsia is mild, a doctor usually watches the person closely until they give birth. During this time, the doctor may test their blood and urine and monitor the fetus with an ultrasound.

In severe cases of preeclampsia, the individual may receive IV medication to control their blood pressure and prevent seizures.

When someone has carpal tunnel syndrome, the median nerve in the wrist is compressed, which causes pain in the hands and fingers. In most cases, people report that their fingers feel swollen but that they cannot actually see any swelling.

Symptoms

Some other symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome include:

• numbness in the index and middle fingers
• tingling during the day and night
• difficulty grasping objects
• weakness

Treatment

A doctor may recommend the following carpal tunnel treatments:

• splinting
• avoiding activities that trigger pain
• taking OTC pain relief medications
• trying alternative therapies, such as acupuncture
• undergoing surgery

Learn more about carpal tunnel syndrome.

Bursitis occurs when the bursa inflames. Bursae are small, fluid-filled sacs that sit between bones, tendons, and muscles. Bursitis can develop anywhere in the body, including the fingers, but common areas of inflammation tend to be in the hips, elbows, and knees.

When someone overuses their joints, it can lead to bursitis.

Symptoms

Some symptoms of bursitis include:

• pain
• tenderness around joint
• reduced joint mobility
• swelling and skin darkening

Treatment

Treatment options for non-infectious bursitis in the finger include:

• resting the area
• icing the area
• taking OTC anti-inflammatory and pain relief medications
• taping up the finger to reduce movement

Learn more about bursitis.

Scleroderma means hard skin. It is an autoimmune condition that affects the skin and underlying connective tissue. It can also sometimes lead to multi-organ involvement.

Symptoms

When a person has this condition, they may notice their skin becoming stiff and swollen around the finger joints.

Some other symptoms of localized scleroderma include:

• pale fingers
• finger joint pain
• taut and shiny skin where there is swelling
• immobile fingers

Treatment

There is currently no cure for scleroderma, but doctors can treat hardened skin and inflammation using corticosteroids.

Learn more about scleroderma.

Some other potential causes of finger swelling include:

• mallet finger
• nailbed injuries
• trigger finger
• Dupuytren’s contracture
• cysts
• tumors

People typically experience pain and swelling in the fingers after a sprain or injury. If the swelling does not show any signs of reducing after a few days, a person should contact a doctor — especially if the area feels hot.

Sometimes, finger swelling is a symptom of a more serious condition, such as preeclampsia or scleroderma. In these cases, a person usually experiences other symptoms, such as headaches and pale fingers, respectively.

Finger swelling has various causes. Injuries, physical activities, and environmental factors such as hot weather can all cause finger swelling. Some rare autoimmune conditions, such as localized scleroderma, can also present with finger joint swelling.

If a person is pregnant and their fingers swell rapidly, they should contact a doctor to rule out preeclampsia.

Non-arthritis causes of swollen, painful finger joints

Arthritis is a common cause of finger swelling, but other conditions — such as injuries, preeclampsia, and trauma — can also cause swelling, inflammation, and pain in the fingers and knuckles.

Finger swelling can happen when inflammation or fluid accumulates in the tissues or joints of one or all of the fingers. A person may lose some mobility and notice that their fingers are stiffer and more tender than usual.

Both minor and more severe infections and conditions can cause varying degrees of swelling in the fingers. If someone experiences finger swelling along with pain, heat, and flushing, they should seek urgent medical advice.

Read on to learn more about some potential causes of finger joint swelling that are not arthritis, accompanying symptoms, and treatment options.

During hot weather, the blood vessels dilate. This makes it possible for more blood to flow through the skin, which cools it down as it loses heat to the air. When this happens, people may notice their fingers and feet swelling.

Symptoms

Generally, when someone experiences heat edema, their skin is shinier and stretched around the swollen area. They may also feel a tightness in their fingers when picking up cups and other objects.

Treatment

To reduce heat edema, people should try to move into the shade. They should also ensure that they eat and drink enough during the day.

When a person exercises, they feel hotter. To cool down, the body pushes the blood closer to the surface of the skin to dissipate the heat. When this happens, a person may notice swelling in their hands, fingers, and feet.

However, finger swelling is sometimes a symptom of a more serious condition called hyponatremia. Exercise-related hyponatremia occurs when blood sodium concentration drops to a dangerous level because a person is exercising and drinking too much water without replacing lost electrolytes.

Symptoms

The early stages of hyponatremia may present with puffiness and swelling in the hands and feet. If a person has hyponatremia, they require urgent medical attention.

Some other symptoms of hyponatremia include:

• confusion
• dizziness
• headache
• seizures
• coma

Treatment

Finger swelling from exercising usually goes down when a person takes a break or ends their workout.

Treatment for hyponatremia varies depending on how low a person’s blood sodium levels are. Some people may need to stop drinking until they urinate, whereas others may need intravenous (IV) saline.

When blood sodium levels are severely low, some people may need hospital admission for close monitoring and frequent blood work. This is because hyponatremia requires very careful correction. However, if correction occurs too quickly, some people can become sicker, and this can be life threatening.

Common causes of hand and finger injuries include:

• falls
• sports
• catching fingers in machines
• thermal burns
• chemical burns

When a person hurts their hand or fingers, they usually experience pain and swelling and lose finger mobility for a while.

If the damage is particularly severe, a person may later develop complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). CRPS occurs when the body’s inflammatory response to the injury is too high.

Symptoms

Some CRPS symptoms include:

• stiffness
• pain
• swelling
• changes in skin color

Treatment

When a person injures their finger, immediate treatment usually includes:

• taking over-the-counter (OTC) anti-inflammatory medications
• taking OTC pain relief medications
• taping the finger to restrict movement

If stiffness develops, the person may need to perform finger exercises and continue to take anti-inflammatory medications.

Hand and finger infections are common in people who work on farms and building sites. Staphylococcus aureus is the most prevalent bacterial hand infection and is responsible for 80% of cases.

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is the most common viral infection, whereas Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton species tend to cause most fungal infections.

Symptoms

Depending on where the infection is, a person could experience:

• pain
• heat around the swelling
• skin darkening
• abscess
• loss of finger function

A person may also experience systemic infections, which cause symptoms such as fever and chills. This may be more likely if there is joint involvement of the infection.

Treatment

Antibiotics can treat bacterial infections. HSV could resolve on its own, but a doctor may recommend antiviral treatment if it does not. Depending on how severe a fungal infection is, a doctor usually prescribes topical antifungal medications to apply to the affected area before considering oral medication.

Some swelling in the fingers is normal during pregnancy. However, if swelling occurs rapidly and with other symptoms, a person should contact a doctor immediately.

In the last trimester of pregnancy, some people experience preeclampsia. When this happens, blood pressure and swelling suddenly increase, which can be dangerous for both the parent and the fetus.

Symptoms

When a person has preeclampsia, they may experience:

• swelling in the fingers, hands, and feet
• a persistent headache
• blurry vision
• difficulty breathing

Learn more about preeclampsia.

Treatment

When preeclampsia is mild, a doctor usually watches the person closely until they give birth. During this time, the doctor may test their blood and urine and monitor the fetus with an ultrasound.

In severe cases of preeclampsia, the individual may receive IV medication to control their blood pressure and prevent seizures.

When someone has carpal tunnel syndrome, the median nerve in the wrist is compressed, which causes pain in the hands and fingers. In most cases, people report that their fingers feel swollen but that they cannot actually see any swelling.

Symptoms

Some other symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome include:

• numbness in the index and middle fingers
• tingling during the day and night
• difficulty grasping objects
• weakness

Treatment

A doctor may recommend the following carpal tunnel treatments:

• splinting
• avoiding activities that trigger pain
• taking OTC pain relief medications
• trying alternative therapies, such as acupuncture
• undergoing surgery

Learn more about carpal tunnel syndrome.

Bursitis occurs when the bursa inflames. Bursae are small, fluid-filled sacs that sit between bones, tendons, and muscles. Bursitis can develop anywhere in the body, including the fingers, but common areas of inflammation tend to be in the hips, elbows, and knees.

When someone overuses their joints, it can lead to bursitis.

Symptoms

Some symptoms of bursitis include:

• pain
• tenderness around joint
• reduced joint mobility
• swelling and skin darkening

Treatment

Treatment options for non-infectious bursitis in the finger include:

• resting the area
• icing the area
• taking OTC anti-inflammatory and pain relief medications
• taping up the finger to reduce movement

Learn more about bursitis.

Scleroderma means hard skin. It is an autoimmune condition that affects the skin and underlying connective tissue. It can also sometimes lead to multi-organ involvement.

Symptoms

When a person has this condition, they may notice their skin becoming stiff and swollen around the finger joints.

Some other symptoms of localized scleroderma include:

• pale fingers
• finger joint pain
• taut and shiny skin where there is swelling
• immobile fingers

Treatment

There is currently no cure for scleroderma, but doctors can treat hardened skin and inflammation using corticosteroids.

Learn more about scleroderma.

Some other potential causes of finger swelling include:

• mallet finger
• nailbed injuries
• trigger finger
• Dupuytren’s contracture
• cysts
• tumors

People typically experience pain and swelling in the fingers after a sprain or injury. If the swelling does not show any signs of reducing after a few days, a person should contact a doctor — especially if the area feels hot.

Sometimes, finger swelling is a symptom of a more serious condition, such as preeclampsia or scleroderma. In these cases, a person usually experiences other symptoms, such as headaches and pale fingers, respectively.

Finger swelling has various causes. Injuries, physical activities, and environmental factors such as hot weather can all cause finger swelling. Some rare autoimmune conditions, such as localized scleroderma, can also present with finger joint swelling.

If a person is pregnant and their fingers swell rapidly, they should contact a doctor to rule out preeclampsia.

Sore and swollen joints: causes and treatment

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11.02.21

Orthopedist-traumatologist

Joints are a complex bone and cartilage structure that takes on the entire body weight. Small and large joints perform a motor function and regularly experience physical stress. Pain and swelling of the joints – a reaction to internal or external factors, which results in a restriction of movement, a change in shape. If there is swelling and pain in the joints, regardless of localization, you should consult a doctor to avoid severe, irreversible consequences.

Causes of swollen joints

The basis of the formation of joint edema is almost always an inflammatory process. Depending on the boundaries of the pathological focus, swelling of the joints can be general or local. According to the course of the process, acute and chronic edema are distinguished. Of the common causes of edema formation, there are:

• arthritis;

• arthrosis;

• bursitis;

• osteoarthritis;

• rheumatoid arthritis;

• gout;

• osteochondritis occurring with cartilage necrosis;

• injuries;

• intense sports activities;

• prolonged execution of the same type of movements;

• insufficient physical activity;

• infectious diseases;

• disorders of the functions of the heart and blood vessels;

• malnutrition;

• age-related changes;

• neurological problems.

In order to develop a therapeutic program, it is first necessary to determine the cause of joint swelling. Without finding out the root cause, it is impossible to achieve a stable therapeutic effect.

What to do if the joints on the hand are swollen

Swelling of the hand joints quite often occurs against the background of degenerative-dystrophic changes. In the absence of pain, patients present characteristic complaints:

• swelling followed by stiffness of the joints of the fingers;

• redness of the skin over affected tissues;

• feeling of pulsation;

• discomfort in surrounding muscles;

• appearance of fluid in local tissues.

After a thorough examination, all forces are directed to the elimination of the root cause. Glucocorticosteroids, drugs with chondroprotective, anti-inflammatory, muscle relaxant effects are prescribed. Thanks to them, degenerative processes are slowed down, inflammation symptoms are stopped. Be sure to use B vitamins.

A separate place is occupied by the use of traditional medicine, which helps to alleviate the patient’s condition. For this purpose, it is effective to apply compresses, perform local baths, and apply ointments based on medicinal plants.

Pronounced decongestant and anti-inflammatory effect is achieved with various physiotherapy procedures:

• shock wave therapy;

• electrophoresis;

• paraffin therapy;

• ozocerite applications;

• mud wraps;

• warm-ups.

All active therapeutic manipulations are carried out after the elimination of signs of the inflammatory process.

Swelling of the joints of the legs

Swelling of the ankle joints, small joints of the foot brings inconvenience and unpleasant symptoms. Patients suffering from swelling of the joints of the legs deny themselves beautiful shoes, cannot wear clothes that open their knees. Quite often, the root cause of pathological changes is:

• all kinds of injuries;

• autoimmune diseases;

• deforming articular pathologies;

• degenerative processes;

• problems of the cardiovascular system;

• violations of kidney function;

• severe allergic reactions.

Swelling of the knee joint is often observed with injuries of the meniscus and cruciate ligaments.

Conservative, minimally invasive surgical methods and physiotherapy are used to eliminate swelling of the leg joints. Of the medications, it is advisable to prescribe:

• diuretics;

• anticancer drugs;

• glucocorticosteroids;

• antibiotics;

• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;

• antihistamines;

• decongestant and cooling ointments, gels.

Minimally invasive procedures performed with minimal damage to the integrity of the skin and joint structure. A syringe is used to puncture the joint capsule and suck out the fluid from the joint cavity. The purpose of arthroscopy is to remove damaged bone and cartilage elements, restore the integrity of the cruciate ligaments.

Of the physiotherapeutic methods, a pronounced therapeutic effect is provided by:

At the stage of recovery, sports physical education is obligatory. The course of exercise therapy contributes to the normalization of motor activity, the restoration of metabolic processes in the affected joints and surrounding tissues. Massage stimulates the movement of lymph, activates local blood flow. Massage sessions eliminate signs of edema, relieve pain, restore trophism of soft, cartilaginous and articular tissues.

Diagnosis

To establish the root cause of joint swelling, a diagnostic examination plan is drawn up. The diagnostic program includes:

1. X-ray – performed first. Pictures of the joints are taken in two projections. Affected joints are distinguished by the presence of a narrowing of the joint space, deformation of the edges, areas of destruction. The pictures show changes in the articular ends of the bones, foci of osteolysis.

2. Sonography – is necessary to determine the degree of soft tissue damage. During the study, it is possible to identify the presence of free fluid, foci of pathological deposits of calcium salts, and hemorrhages. The method is the main one for establishing the root cause of swelling of the joints of the hands and feet.

3. CT, MRI – visualize tumor processes, intra-articular injuries. Tomographic methods are used to differentiate the types of pathological changes – tumors, edema, degenerative pathologies of bone fragments.

4. Puncture of the joint is mandatory in case of suspected synovitis, hemarthrosis. The resulting biomaterial is sent for bacteriological, cytological and immunological analysis. Based on the results obtained, it is possible to establish the nature of the pathological process.

5. Laboratory tests – necessary to confirm or refute the rheumatoid, autoimmune, allergic nature of the disease.

Only the results of a comprehensive diagnostic examination give a complete picture of the nature of the underlying cause of joint swelling.

Which doctor to contact

If you or someone close to you has swollen joints of the elbows, fingers or toes, knees or ankles, you should definitely consult an orthopedist or rheumatologist. At the Center for Restorative Medicine in Naberezhnye Chelny, specialists with many years of experience in working with patients with joint problems conduct appointments. Detailed information about doctor’s qualifications can be found here.

After a thorough diagnosis, the doctor draws up a drug treatment program and prescribes a course of therapy aimed at restoring the functions of the joints. The patient is in the safe hands of experienced massage therapists, physiotherapists, and rehabilitation specialists. Careful classes with specialists guarantee a long-term therapeutic effect and normalization of the work of damaged joints.

Prices for medical procedures in the clinic can be viewed at the link. If you have any questions, please call +7 (8552) 78-09-35, +7 (953) 482-66-62. Attentive specialists will definitely give you a complete answer, write down a consultation with a doctor at a convenient time for you.

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Treatment of inflammation of the articular capsule of the elbow joint company blog

Description of the disease, symptoms and causes, methods of treatment.

Is your elbow swollen, red and sore? It is likely that there is bursitis of the elbow joint – inflammation of the intraarticular bags that occurs as a result of microtrauma, local overload of the joint, or is a manifestation of systemic diseases. This inflammatory process is considered one of the most common types of bursitis and is accompanied by an increase in the size of the joint, redness, inability to bend and unbend the arm due to severe pain and swelling of the elbow.

The articular bag is located on the posterior surface in the area of ​​the elbow joint. With inflammation, an inflammatory fluid appears in the bag, and the walls of the bag thicken and become painful. Most often, professional athletes, manual laborers, as well as people who, by virtue of their profession, are forced to perform the same actions daily, relying on their elbows, are most often affected by this problem. These are predominantly young and middle-aged people who work as miners, plumbers, roofers, drivers and clerks.

Causes of inflammation in the area of ​​the elbow joint:

• Direct injury mechanism, that is, a blow, a fall on the elbow. The injury causes tears in the tissues of the elbow bag and hemorrhage into the cavity. It happens that the blood completely fills the cavity of the ulnar bursa, and the bursa swells and gives the joint a characteristic shape.
• The direct mechanism of injury, if the consequences are not treated, can lead to inflammatory reactions inside the joint, as a result of which the walls of the elbow bag thicken, become less elastic and their sliding properties disappear. As a result – bursitis of the ulnar bag.
• The third reason is infections. A small scratch or a prick in the area of ​​the elbow bag can lead to infection. The infection leads to the accumulation of pus in the cavity of the elbow bag. The consequences of infectious ulnar bursitis can be quite serious.
• Constant pressure on the area of ​​the elbow joint. This type of inflammation is most often affected by workers who perform monotonous actions with the elbow resting on a hard surface. If the elbow is constantly injured, this leads to the development of inflammation and ulnar bursitis develops.

Symptoms of disease

With bursitis of the elbow joint, the patient’s condition worsens slightly. There is a general malaise, an increase in body temperature, which can persist for several days. A painful formation may appear on the elbow – a lump that does not look aesthetically attractive and is elastic to the touch.

The following symptoms are also observed:

• slight elbow swelling and edema;
• redness, local fever;
• moderate pain, limitation of movement.

In most cases, inflammation resolves without complications, excess fluid is absorbed, the skin acquires a natural color, and overall well-being improves. However, after another injury or overstrain of the joint, it is possible to repeat the disease with the transition to a chronic form. With this type of bursitis, pain can be aggravated by prolonged physical activity, contact with the desktop.

What should alert you?
The bump on the elbow can be different to the touch – elastic, soft, hard. If there is suppuration of the bursa against the background of chronic or acute bursitis, the nature of the pain in the elbow changes to twitching, bursting sensations. The elbow joint becomes hot and painful on palpation, swollen and hyperemic. Hand movements are limited and given with great difficulty. There are also symptoms of general intoxication: headaches, high fever, weakness, body aches. With the spread of inflammation, the appearance of fistulas, the development of purulent arthritis, abscess or osteomyelitis is possible. Do not ignore such symptoms and postpone a visit to the doctor!

Treatment of elbow bursitis

Traumatic ulnar bursitis can be treated conservatively.

1. The first thing that is indicated for inflammation and accumulation of fluid and blood in the joint is aspiration. Using a thick needle, the specialist will remove excess accumulated blood and fluid from the joint cavity. Aspiration is also done to test the fluid for microbes. A positive test would mean septic bursitis.
2. Exposure to cold to relieve swelling and swelling. Applying cold compresses to a swollen elbow for 20 minutes two or three times a day can help relieve symptoms and reduce swelling.
3. Compression. Using an elastic bandage wrapped around the affected joint can help reduce swelling.
4. Peace and change of activity. Patients with ulnar bursitis should avoid activities that put pressure on the elbow. Wearing elbow pads can also help protect the elbow bag from pressure or additional irritation.
5. Drug treatment and injection therapy that can significantly reduce and relieve the symptoms of bursitis.
6. Antibiotics are prescribed depending on the type of infection. In some cases, intravenous antibiotics may be required.

Surgical treatment of elbow bursitis

In difficult cases of the course of the disease, patients are shown surgical intervention – bursectomy. During the operation, the surgeon makes an incision on the elbow and removes the inflamed bag. Since the bag is under the skin, the elbow joint is not affected during the operation. Complications after surgery – problems with healing of the skin at the incision site and soreness. After the operation, patients are recommended to fix the elbow with a special bandage for some time while holding the arm at an angle of 90 degrees.

After surgery on an inflamed joint, rehabilitation is required. Most often, patients are shown physiotherapy exercises and physiotherapy.