What is sebaceous hyperplasia. How does it affect the skin. What are the main causes of this condition. Which treatment options are available for managing sebaceous hyperplasia. Are there any home remedies that can help alleviate symptoms.

Understanding Sebaceous Hyperplasia: An In-Depth Look

Sebaceous hyperplasia is a common skin condition characterized by small, painless bumps that appear on the skin’s surface. These bumps are caused by enlarged sebaceous glands, which are responsible for producing sebum, an oily substance that helps protect the skin from environmental factors. While sebaceous hyperplasia is generally harmless, many individuals seek treatment for cosmetic reasons.

The condition typically manifests as yellowish or flesh-colored bumps, often with a slight depression in the center. These lesions most commonly appear on the forehead and cheeks but can occur anywhere on the body where sebaceous glands are present. Sebaceous hyperplasia is more prevalent in adults, particularly those over 40, but it can affect individuals of any age.

Key Characteristics of Sebaceous Hyperplasia

• Small, round bumps on the skin
• Yellowish or flesh-colored appearance
• Central depression or dimple
• Smooth texture
• Commonly found on the face, particularly the forehead and cheeks
• Typically painless and non-itchy

The Science Behind Sebaceous Gland Enlargement

To fully comprehend sebaceous hyperplasia, it’s crucial to understand the underlying mechanisms that lead to the enlargement of sebaceous glands. These glands become enlarged when the cells that form them, known as sebocytes, overgrow and overproduce sebum. This overproduction results in a buildup of oil within the gland, causing it to swell and form a visible bump under the skin.

Why does this overgrowth occur? Several factors can contribute to the development of sebaceous hyperplasia:

1. Age-related changes in hormone levels
2. Genetic predisposition
3. Prolonged sun exposure
4. Immunosuppression
5. Certain medications

In rare cases, sebaceous hyperplasia can be associated with a genetic condition called Muir-Torre syndrome. While the presence of sebaceous hyperplasia is not a diagnostic measure for this syndrome, individuals with Muir-Torre syndrome should be particularly vigilant in seeking proper diagnosis, as it may indicate the presence of a tumor.

Diagnosing Sebaceous Hyperplasia: What to Expect

Diagnosing sebaceous hyperplasia typically involves a visual examination by a dermatologist. In most cases, the characteristic appearance of the lesions is sufficient for a diagnosis. However, in some instances, additional tests may be necessary to rule out other skin conditions or to confirm the diagnosis.

Diagnostic Procedures

• Dermoscopy: A non-invasive technique using a special magnifying device to examine skin lesions in detail
• Skin biopsy: In rare cases, a small sample of skin may be taken for microscopic examination
• Wood’s lamp examination: A specialized ultraviolet light used to examine the skin’s surface

Is it possible to mistake sebaceous hyperplasia for other skin conditions? Yes, sebaceous hyperplasia can sometimes be confused with other dermatological issues such as basal cell carcinoma, milia, or sebaceous adenoma. This is why a professional diagnosis is crucial for proper treatment and management.

Exploring Treatment Options for Sebaceous Hyperplasia

While sebaceous hyperplasia is benign and doesn’t require treatment for medical reasons, many individuals seek interventions for cosmetic purposes. Several treatment options are available, ranging from topical medications to in-office procedures. The choice of treatment often depends on the severity of the condition, the patient’s preferences, and the dermatologist’s recommendations.

Topical Treatments

Retinoids, particularly retinol, have shown promise in managing sebaceous hyperplasia. These vitamin A derivatives can help regulate sebum production and promote skin cell turnover, potentially reducing the appearance of lesions. Both over-the-counter and prescription-strength retinoids may be effective, though prescription options tend to yield more significant results.

A 2015 study highlighted the efficacy of oral isotretinoin in treating sebaceous hyperplasia. Participants who took 1 milligram of isotretinoin per kilogram of body weight daily for two months experienced a significant decrease in lesions. However, it’s important to note that oral isotretinoin can have side effects and may require ongoing treatment to maintain results.

In-Office Procedures

For more immediate results, several in-office procedures can effectively remove sebaceous hyperplasia lesions:

• Cryotherapy: Freezing the lesions with liquid nitrogen
• Electrocautery: Using an electric current to burn off the bumps
• Laser therapy: Employing CO2 lasers to remove lesions
• Photodynamic therapy: Combining light-sensitive medications with specific wavelengths of light
• Shave excision: Physically removing the lesions with a sharp blade

Each of these procedures has its own set of benefits and potential side effects. For instance, cryotherapy may cause temporary skin discoloration, while electrocautery could lead to minor scarring. It’s crucial to discuss these options thoroughly with a dermatologist to determine the most suitable approach for individual cases.

The Role of Chemical Peels in Managing Sebaceous Hyperplasia

Chemical peels have gained popularity as a treatment option for various skin conditions, including sebaceous hyperplasia. These treatments involve applying a chemical solution to the skin, which causes the top layer to peel off, potentially revealing smoother, less blemished skin underneath.

How effective are chemical peels for sebaceous hyperplasia? While chemical peels can be beneficial for overall skin texture and appearance, their efficacy specifically for sebaceous hyperplasia is somewhat limited. They may help reduce the visibility of lesions but are unlikely to completely eliminate them.

Types of Chemical Peels

• Superficial peels: Using mild acids like alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs)
• Medium-depth peels: Utilizing trichloroacetic acid (TCA)
• Deep peels: Employing phenol for more dramatic results

It’s important to note that chemical peels can cause irritation, discoloration, and increased skin sensitivity. If not properly administered and cared for, they may potentially aggravate sebaceous hyperplasia. Therefore, it’s crucial to have chemical peels performed by a qualified professional and to follow post-treatment care instructions diligently.

Innovative Approaches: Photodynamic Therapy for Sebaceous Hyperplasia

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging treatment option for sebaceous hyperplasia that combines light-sensitive medications with specific wavelengths of light. This innovative approach has shown promising results in managing various skin conditions, including sebaceous gland disorders.

How does photodynamic therapy work for sebaceous hyperplasia? The process typically involves applying a photosensitizing agent to the affected areas of the skin. After a period of absorption, the treated area is exposed to a specific wavelength of light. This light activates the photosensitizing agent, which then selectively destroys the enlarged sebaceous glands.

Benefits of Photodynamic Therapy

• Non-invasive procedure
• Minimal downtime
• Can treat multiple lesions simultaneously
• May provide long-lasting results
• Potential for improved overall skin texture and appearance

While photodynamic therapy shows promise, it’s important to note that multiple sessions may be required for optimal results. Additionally, patients may experience temporary redness, swelling, and increased photosensitivity following treatment. As with any medical procedure, it’s crucial to discuss the potential benefits and risks with a qualified dermatologist before proceeding with photodynamic therapy.

Natural Remedies and Lifestyle Changes for Managing Sebaceous Hyperplasia

While medical treatments are often the most effective for managing sebaceous hyperplasia, some individuals may prefer to explore natural remedies and lifestyle changes. These approaches may help reduce the appearance of lesions or prevent new ones from forming.

Natural Remedies

• Tea tree oil: Known for its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties
• Jojoba oil: Similar in composition to human sebum, may help regulate oil production
• Green tea extracts: Rich in antioxidants, may help reduce inflammation
• Aloe vera: Soothing and anti-inflammatory properties

Can dietary changes impact sebaceous hyperplasia? While there’s no direct evidence linking diet to sebaceous hyperplasia, maintaining a balanced diet rich in antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids may promote overall skin health. Some individuals report improvements after reducing their intake of dairy and high-glycemic foods, though more research is needed to confirm these effects.

Lifestyle Modifications

Several lifestyle changes may help manage sebaceous hyperplasia and promote healthier skin:

1. Sun protection: Regular use of broad-spectrum sunscreen can help prevent UV-induced damage to sebaceous glands
2. Gentle skincare routine: Avoid harsh scrubs or excessive exfoliation, which may irritate the skin
3. Stress management: Chronic stress can impact hormone levels and potentially exacerbate skin conditions
4. Adequate hydration: Drinking plenty of water helps maintain skin hydration and overall health
5. Regular exercise: Promotes circulation and may help balance hormone levels

While these natural approaches and lifestyle modifications may not provide dramatic results, they can contribute to overall skin health and may help manage sebaceous hyperplasia symptoms. It’s important to remember that these methods should not replace professional medical advice or prescribed treatments.

Prevention Strategies: Minimizing the Risk of Sebaceous Hyperplasia

While it may not be possible to completely prevent sebaceous hyperplasia, especially given its association with aging and genetic factors, there are several strategies that may help reduce the risk or minimize its progression.

Key Prevention Strategies

• Sun protection: Consistent use of broad-spectrum sunscreen and protective clothing
• Balanced skincare routine: Using non-comedogenic products and avoiding over-cleansing
• Regular skin checks: Monitoring for changes in existing lesions or the appearance of new ones
• Hormonal balance: Working with a healthcare provider to manage hormonal imbalances
• Healthy lifestyle: Maintaining a balanced diet, staying hydrated, and managing stress

Is it possible to prevent sebaceous hyperplasia entirely? While complete prevention may not be achievable, especially for those with a genetic predisposition, these strategies can help maintain overall skin health and potentially reduce the severity or frequency of lesions.

Understanding the triggers and risk factors for sebaceous hyperplasia is crucial in developing an effective prevention strategy. For instance, individuals who are prone to the condition may benefit from avoiding heavy, oil-based skincare products that could potentially clog pores and exacerbate sebaceous gland enlargement.

The Psychological Impact of Sebaceous Hyperplasia

While sebaceous hyperplasia is a benign condition that doesn’t pose health risks, it can have significant psychological impacts on those affected. The visible nature of the lesions, particularly when they occur on the face, can lead to self-consciousness, reduced self-esteem, and even social anxiety in some individuals.

Common Psychological Effects

• Reduced self-confidence
• Anxiety in social situations
• Depression
• Body image issues
• Avoidance of social activities

How can individuals cope with the psychological impact of sebaceous hyperplasia? Seeking support from mental health professionals, joining support groups, and engaging in self-care practices can be beneficial. Additionally, pursuing treatment options can help alleviate both physical symptoms and associated psychological distress.

It’s important for healthcare providers to address not only the physical aspects of sebaceous hyperplasia but also its potential psychological effects. A holistic approach to treatment that considers both physical and emotional well-being can lead to better overall outcomes and improved quality of life for those affected by this condition.

Future Directions in Sebaceous Hyperplasia Research and Treatment

As our understanding of sebaceous hyperplasia continues to evolve, researchers are exploring new avenues for treatment and management. These emerging approaches aim to provide more effective, longer-lasting solutions with fewer side effects.

Promising Areas of Research

• Gene therapy: Targeting specific genes involved in sebaceous gland regulation
• Nanotechnology: Developing targeted drug delivery systems for more precise treatment
• Immunomodulatory therapies: Exploring the role of the immune system in sebaceous gland disorders
• Advanced laser technologies: Refining existing laser treatments for improved efficacy and reduced side effects
• Personalized medicine: Tailoring treatments based on individual genetic and environmental factors

What can we expect from future sebaceous hyperplasia treatments? While it’s difficult to predict with certainty, the trend is moving towards more personalized, less invasive treatments that target the root causes of sebaceous gland enlargement. These advancements may lead to more effective long-term management of the condition and potentially even preventive strategies.

As research progresses, it’s likely that we’ll see a combination of approaches, integrating traditional treatments with cutting-edge technologies. This multifaceted approach may provide more comprehensive solutions for individuals dealing with sebaceous hyperplasia, addressing both the physical manifestations and the underlying causes of the condition.

In conclusion, while sebaceous hyperplasia remains a challenging condition to manage, ongoing research and technological advancements offer hope for improved treatments in the future. As our understanding of this condition deepens, individuals affected by sebaceous hyperplasia can look forward to more effective, personalized management strategies that address both the physical and psychological aspects of the condition.

Sebaceous hyperplasia: Definition and treatment options

Sebaceous hyperplasia causes small bumps to appear on the skin when sebaceous glands become enlarged. Treatments can include removing the bumps, over-the-counter medications, and home remedies for clogged sebaceous glands.

Sebaceous glands secrete an oily substance called sebum. This helps protect the skin from the outside environment.

Due to an overgrowth of oil-producing cells, sebum can become trapped inside the gland, causing it to swell and form a bump under the skin. This is known as sebaceous hyperplasia.

These bumps are harmless and often appear on the forehead and cheeks. However, sebaceous glands exist all over the body, so bumps can form almost anywhere. They are more common in adults, but they can show up at any age.

There is currently no cure for sebaceous hyperplasia. However, some medications and home remedies may be able to reduce the appearance of these bumps. Cosmetic procedures can also remove them.

In this article, learn more about the causes, symptoms, and treatment options associated with sebaceous hyperplasia.

Sebaceous hyperplasia is a condition that causes bumps to appear on the surface of the skin. Some people may want to have these bumps removed for cosmetic reasons.

The images below show some examples of how sebaceous hyperplasia can present.

Share on PinterestSebaceous hyperplasia is a skin condition that can occur as people age. It is caused by harmless enlarged glands that produce oil. For cosmetic reasons, some people may want these lesions removed.
Klaus D. Peter/Wikimedia CommonsShare on PinterestThis image is an up-close view of sebaceous hyperplasia.
Toshitsugu Sato/Wikimedia CommonsShare on PinterestThis image shows sebaceous hyperplasia on the face.
© 2016 The Korean Dermatological Association and The Korean Society for Investigative Dermatology/NCBI

Enlarged sebaceous glands cause sebaceous hyperplasia. These glands become enlarged when the cells that form the gland, known as sebocytes, overgrow and overproduce sebum. This leads to a buildup of oil.

A genetic condition called Muir-Torre syndrome can also cause sebaceous hyperplasia in rare cases. However, the presence of sebaceous hyperplasia is not a diagnostic measure of Muir-Torre syndrome.

People with this syndrome should take special care to receive a proper diagnosis of sebaceous hyperplasia, as it may indicate a tumor.

Sebaceous hyperplasia is harmless in most cases. However, if the bumps are unsightly or embarrassing, a person may choose to have them removed.

Doctors can offer various methods of removal, but a person may require multiple sessions to complete the procedure.

Some possible treatments for sebaceous hyperplasia include the following.

Retinol

Retinol is a form of vitamin A that may help with a range of skin-related issues. Doctors often recommend prescription retinoids for people with sebaceous hyperplasia. However, these may require regular applications to work as intended.

One 2015 study suggests that the regular application of retinoids can be an effective treatment for sebaceous hyperplasia. However, the bumps may also return if a person stops using the treatment.

Doctors can also treat the condition with oral retinoids such as isotretinoin. In the same 2015 study as above, 20 participants with sebaceous hyperplasia who used 1 milligram of isotretinoin per kilogram of body weight per day for a period of 2 months all showed a significant decrease in the number of lesions on their bodies.

Around 2 years after the end of this study, the participants had few recurring lesions, with the average number being only four.

However, other medical literature does not necessarily support this conclusion. Some research indicates that oral isotretinoin treatment may need to be ongoing. If a person stops the treatment, sebaceous hyperplasia may reoccur.

In many cases, doctors prescribe this treatment for severe forms of hyperplasia. More research may be necessary to determine the long-term efficacy of this treatment for this condition.

Facial peels

A facial peel may contain chemicals such as acid.

Chemical facial peels can cause irritation, discoloration, and sensitivity. If a person does not receive proper aftercare, this can aggravate sebaceous hyperplasia.

Laser therapy

A dermatologist may recommend removing lesions using CO2 laser therapy. This can reduce the thickness of the lesions and result in smoother skin without causing notable scarring.

Cryotherapy

A doctor can remove sebaceous hyperplasia bumps in a process called cryotherapy. The doctor will freeze the bumps, causing them to dry up and drop away.

However, cryotherapy can potentially cause changes in skin color in the affected area.

Electrocautery

Electrocautery involves using a charge of electricity to burn the bumps. The skin will then scab over and fall away, leaving behind a smooth area.

Electrocautery may cause skin pigment changes in the affected area and has the potential to leave indented scars if a person does not perform it correctly.

Photodynamic therapy

Photodynamic therapy involves applying a drug to the affected cells that makes them sensitive to light. Controlled exposure to intense light can then kill the cells.

The skin may become extremely sensitive after this treatment, possibly leading to redness, irritation, and peeling.

Antiandrogen medications

There may be a link between sebaceous hyperplasia and increased testosterone. Therefore, some doctors may recommend antiandrogen medications for females with severe symptoms who do not respond well to other treatment methods.

Surgery

If sebaceous hyperplasia is severe or persistent, a doctor may suggest surgically removing the bumps.

This will prevent them from returning, but it can cause scarring. For this reason, doctors usually consider it a last resort.

The main symptom of sebaceous hyperplasia is the appearance of small, shiny bumps under the skin. A bump can have a slight indentation in the center and a white or yellow outer edge.

Although it typically occurs on the face, some reports detail cases of sebaceous hyperplasia occurring across many parts of the body. Bumps may appear on their own or in small clusters.

It may be difficult to distinguish the condition from acne. Acne forms when a person’s follicles become blocked and oil builds up under the skin, whereas sebaceous hyperplasia occurs in sebaceous glands themselves.

Learn more about acne here.

The two conditions may appear similar, but a whitehead or blackhead due to acne will usually have a raised center, while bumps from sebaceous hyperplasia will be indented. These bumps are typically small and cause no pain.

Many people with oily or combination skin may notice these bumps as they age.

Some home remedies can also reduce the appearance of bumps due to sebaceous hyperplasia. However, most home remedies are based on anecdotal evidence and do not have backing by human clinical trials.

Over-the-counter medications, creams, and face washes that contain retinol may help clear clogged sebaceous glands.

Some people may find that regularly washing the skin with a cleanser containing salicylic acid can help dry-oily skin and prevent clogged glands.

Dermatologists often visually diagnose sebaceous hyperplasia. They can distinguish sebaceous hyperplasia from other more serious conditions that may bear a resemblance to it, such as basal cell carcinoma.

Bumps that are due to basal cell carcinoma are typically larger and may have a darker or more pronounced color than the surrounding skin.

If a doctor is uncertain about a diagnosis, they will usually take a sample and send it to a laboratory for testing.

There is no way to prevent sebaceous hyperplasia. However, a person may be able to reduce the appearance of any bumps that appear.

It is also important to note that exposure to UV rays is considered a cofactor in sebaceous hyperplasia. To reduce their exposure to UV rays, a person can reduce the amount of time they spend in direct sunlight and protect their skin with sunscreen.

That said, sebaceous hyperplasia can still occur in skin with very little UV exposure.

Sebaceous hyperplasia predominantly occurs in older adult males. The activity of sebaceous glands is affected by hormone levels and age. As a result, this condition can occur without outside influence.

Increased exposure to UV rays and a person’s genetic history may increase their risk of developing the condition. However, scientists have not proven that these factors directly cause sebaceous hyperplasia.

Some researchers have linked some cases of sebaceous hyperplasia to long-term treatment with cyclosporine following organ transplants. Cyclosporine is a medication that reduces the activity of the immune system.

Sebaceous hyperplasia presents as small, inflamed bumps on the skin. It is typically harmless. A buildup of oil and subsequent inflammation of sebaceous glands causes the condition.

Because the bumps may be unsightly or embarrassing, some individuals may wish to reduce the appearance of these bumps or get rid of them completely.

Home treatments can sometimes help diminish bumps or prevent them from developing, but only medical interventions can remove them.

Role of sebaceous glands in inflammatory dermatoses

Review

. 2015 Nov;73(5):856-63.

doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2015.08.015.

Epub 2015 Sep 18.

Vivian Y Shi 
¹
, Michael Leo 
²
, Lauren Hassoun 
³
, Dev S Chahal 
⁴
, Howard I Maibach 
⁵
, Raja K Sivamani 
⁶

Affiliations

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California.
• ² School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.
• ³ School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.
• ⁴ David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California.
• ⁵ Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California.
• ⁶ Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California. Electronic address: [email protected].

• PMID:

  26386632

• DOI:

  10.1016/j.jaad.2015.08.015

Review

Vivian Y Shi et al.

J Am Acad Dermatol.

2015 Nov.

. 2015 Nov;73(5):856-63.

doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2015.08.015.

Epub 2015 Sep 18.

Authors

Vivian Y Shi 
¹
, Michael Leo 
²
, Lauren Hassoun 
³
, Dev S Chahal 
⁴
, Howard I Maibach 
⁵
, Raja K Sivamani 
⁶

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California.
• ² School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin.
• ³ School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.
• ⁴ David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California.
• ⁵ Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California.
• ⁶ Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis, California. Electronic address: [email protected].

• PMID:

  26386632

• DOI:

  10.1016/j.jaad.2015.08.015

Abstract

Skin is an important interface between the host and its environment. Inflammatory dermatoses often have disrupted skin barrier function, rendering patients more susceptible to allergenic triggers leading to an exaggerated immune response. The skin surface lipid film, an important component of the skin barrier, comprises a mixture of keratinocyte and sebaceous gland-derived lipids. Recent evidence demonstrated that defective keratinocyte lipid synthesis predisposes for the development of atopic dermatitis. However, the important role of sebaceous gland-derived lipids in skin inflammatory diseases may be underrecognized. This overview focuses on the importance of the contribution of sebaceous glands to barrier function. Sebaceous gland alteration may play a role in the pathogenesis of common skin diseases including acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, rosacea, and seborrheic dermatitis.

Keywords:

acne; atopic dermatitis; eczema; psoriasis; rosacea; sebocytes; seborrheic dermatitis; sebum.

Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Dermatology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

treatment, symptoms and causes of the disease, diagnostics in the “SM-Clinic”

The surgeon deals with the treatment of this disease

• What is atheroma?
• Atheroma symptoms
• Causes of atheroma
• Atheroma diagnostics
• Atheroma treatment
• Doctors

Atheroma can develop on the excretory duct of any sebaceous gland. The sebaceous glands are everywhere except the soles and palms. There are especially many glands on the face, scalp, back between the shoulder blades, chest, and groin. In some areas of the skin, the number of sebaceous glands reaches 900. Therefore, atheroma can have a variety of localization.

Atheroma – a small cavity, not soldered to the skin, easily moves under the skin. Contains a mushy mass, palpable as an elastic, painless ball. This is the result of blockage of the sebaceous gland. Although the excretory duct is blocked, sebum continues to be produced, gradually expanding the duct.

Atheroma increases in size slowly over several years. Patients apply only because of a cosmetic defect, since there are no painful manifestations. Sizes can reach 10 cm or more.

Symptoms of atheroma

A cyst is defined as a soft, round formation that protrudes slightly under the skin. If the contents of the cyst are liquid, then fluctuation (oscillatory movement) is felt. The skin over the atheroma is stretched so much that it cannot be folded. At the top point, a blocked duct can be seen in the form of a black dot. Atheroma is easy to displace relative to neighboring tissues. Education does not give any unpleasant sensations.

If the atheroma is located in a place of close contact with clothing, then scuffs and signs of inflammation may be present.

When located on the scalp, the hair over the atheroma thins and almost always falls out. Due to constant trauma, necrosis (necrosis) often occurs, ulcers form, and slight bleeding occurs. In some patients, the skin over the atheromas on the head becomes dense, cyanotic and painful to the touch.

Causes of atheroma

Blockage of the sebaceous gland occurs for the following reasons:

• genetic – structural features of the sebaceous glands are such that in some glands there is no excretory duct. In this case, the accumulation of sebum begins even in utero, and the born child is covered with atheromas;
• acne, when the mouth of the excretory duct becomes keratinized, and the secretion of the gland becomes more viscous;
• oily seborrhea, when a large amount of sebum forms on the scalp;
• mechanical damage to the gland – boils, cuts, abrasions, scars, permanent hair removal;
• exposure to ionizing radiation;
• ultraviolet irradiation;
• burns and frostbite;
• various hormonal factors resulting from stress.

Usually several pathological mechanisms work simultaneously in one person.

Thus, a blockage can occur for any reason. The resulting secret stretches the duct, and a cavity is obtained. Vessels and nerves are not affected, and the person does not feel anything. However, over time, a dense capsule of connective tissue forms around the swollen cavity. Attempts to puncture and empty the cyst do nothing, as the contents are recruited again and again.

Complicated atheroma is rare, and complications include suppuration. This happens with mechanical pressure or irritation, as well as after independent attempts to empty the cyst. A connective tissue capsule separates the cavity with its contents from the rest of the tissues, and when you try to squeeze it out, it can collapse, and suppuration passes to neighboring areas.

Get advice

If you experience these symptoms, we recommend that you make an appointment with your doctor. Timely consultation will prevent negative consequences for your health.

You can find out more about the disease, prices for treatment and sign up for a consultation with a specialist by phone:

+7 (495) 292-39-72

Request a call back
Book online

Why SM-Clinic?

1

Treatment is carried out in accordance with clinical guidelines

2

Comprehensive assessment of the nature of the disease and treatment prognosis

3

Modern diagnostic equipment and own laboratory

4

High level of service and balanced pricing policy

Diagnosis of atheroma

Diagnosis is carried out by a dermatologist or surgical oncologist. During the examination, the doctor detects characteristic changes, paying attention to the location, mobility and size. The speed at which the cyst formed matters.

In a difficult case, an ultrasound of the soft tissues is performed at the site of the cyst. On ultrasound, a capsule is visible, inside it is a thin cyst and contents. During ultrasound, atheroma is delimited from other similar formations – hygromas (sweat gland cyst), fibromas (connective tissue), lipomas (benign tumor of adipose tissue).

If there is still doubt about the nature of the cyst, a histological analysis (study of the cellular composition) is performed during surgical removal.

Treatment of atheroma

The treatment is complex, since it is necessary not only to remove the cyst with the capsule, but also to choose skin care products to prevent the formation of new cysts.

If the cyst is inflamed, then before surgical treatment, all measures are taken to stop the inflammation. Antibacterial and disinfectants, agents to reduce the formation of sebum are prescribed.

Operative treatment is possible in two variants:

• classical cystectomy — exfoliation of the capsule with a scalpel with a cosmetic suture;
• radio wave removal – high frequency waves evaporate the liquid from the capsule, as a result, the formation is eliminated. This method is preferable because it is not accompanied by bleeding and scarring, but cannot be used in patients with a pacemaker and the presence of metal structures in the body.
• With festering atheroma, pus is first evacuated and the inflammation subsides, and only then the capsule is husked.

The best prevention of atheroma is to see a dermatologist for any skin changes. After the examination, the doctor selects skin care medications that normalize the production of sebum. The entire range of medical services for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of atheroma is available at the SM-Clinic.

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Diseases referred by the Surgeon

Soft tissue abscess
liver abscess
Appendicitis
Ascites
femoral hernia
Crohn’s disease
Gangrene
soft tissue hematoma
Giant cell tumor of bone
Hygroma
festering wounds
Hernia
Hernia of the white line of the abdomen
hiatal hernia
Diastasis rectus abdominis
Intestinal diverticulosis
Cholelithiasis
Keratoma
liver cyst
pancreatic cyst
salivary gland cyst
Neck cyst
stab wound
stab wound
Lipoma
Mechanical jaundice
Bowel obstruction
burns
Oleogranuloma
kidney tumor
Acute pancreatitis
Felon
Pancreatic necrosis
Inguinal hernia
Peritonitis
Barrett’s esophagus
Postoperative hernia
Umbilical hernia
Cancer of the extrahepatic bile ducts
Stomach cancer
gallbladder cancer
bowel cancer
adrenal cancer
Parathyroid Cancer
Liver cancer
Esophageal carcinoma
colon cancer
thyroid cancer
Fistula of the gallbladder
Seroma
Thyroiditis
Intestinal injury
vein thrombosis
Thrombophlebitis
Furuncle (boil)
Furunculosis
cholestasis
Cholecystitis
Chronic cholecystitis
Esophageal ulcer
Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum

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Staropetrovsky proezd, 7A, building 22

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Dermatologist’s advice: more about acne

There are no effective home treatments for acne, since only a doctor can make a competent treatment complex. However, dermatologists advise patients with this problem to follow a few simple rules:

– cleanse the skin twice a day;

– do not squeeze pimples and blackheads;

– do not use folk remedies found on the Internet;

– do not sunbathe, including in a solarium;

– do not use cleansers with large abrasive particles and alcohol lotions.

It’s no secret that acne is one of the most common dermatological problems. According to statistics, every third visit to a dermatologist or cosmetologist is associated with acne on the skin. At the same time, acne grows more and more every year: today, 25% of women from 20 to 50 years old complain of periodic inflammation on the face. “Adult” acne is no longer a rarity, and given the number of patients with teenage acne, the urgency of the problem speaks for itself.

If you are reading this article, you must have wondered. Why exactly do you suffer from acne. Why do some start a career in the modeling business at the age of 15, and you are forced to turn away in embarrassment when meeting with neighbors and classmates and use cosmetic camouflage.

Indeed. You lead a healthy lifestyle. Refused sweet and “harmful” food. It is also likely that you have experienced many of the advertised remedies. Perhaps you have already visited a beautician more than once. And even consulted with a gastroenterologist, endocrinologist and other specialists. And the problem doesn’t go away. What is the reason? Let’s figure it out.

Let’s start with terminology

Acne is a chronic relapsing skin disease predominantly of young people, which is the result of hyperproduction of sebum and blockage of hyperplastic sebaceous glands with possible subsequent inflammation.

Acne disease is based on active production of sebum, which does not necessarily mean oily seborrhea, but involves a change in the composition, volume, viscosity of sebum, and a number of other indicators.

At the same time, the excretory ducts of your sebaceous glands do not all cope with the task assigned to them. The reasons are different. But at the forefront, as a rule, is a genetic predisposition, or individual characteristics.

Do we know what anatomical prerequisites for the structure of the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands we got from our parents, grandparents?

And how did they themselves look in those distant years?

Pay attention! As follows from the same definition: The disease mainly affects young people

In other words, you didn’t have the disease before puberty. Nor will it be in retirement.

So, you say, it’s all about the hormonal background?… And this background is somehow different for you?

In some cases, it is!

But most acne patients show absolutely normal hormonal profile.

And the endless search for reasons leads you to a dead end again.

But let’s get back to the second part of our definition.

What happens to the anatomically “immature” sebaceous gland when it is stimulated by your “normal” hormones?

A occurs: “hyperproduction of sebum and blockage of hyperplastic sebaceous glands with possible subsequent inflammation”

Point.

As you can see, we are not talking about dysbacteria, or about ecology, or immunity with pathology of the gastrointestinal tract.

The role of these factors can sometimes take place, namely, as aggravating the course of the disease, but in no way causal.

Certainly. The pathogenesis of acne is somewhat more complex and has a number of features, including individual ones.

But in order to act in the right direction, it is necessary to correctly understand the general essence of the occurring phenomena. Otherwise, the patient will continue aimless throwing in search of the truth from specialist to specialist.

We emphasize that the clinical manifestations of acne are quite diverse. In some cases, inflammation of the sebaceous glands practically does not reach, and then we will deal with the comedonal form of acne, when open and closed comedones prevail in the clinical picture, that is, those same white nodules and brushes on the skin that many of you are trying to squeeze out and scratch.

Often, inflammation develops at the mouth of the clogged sebaceous glands, and then, depending on the depth of the infiltrate and its severity, we will see papulo-pustular or even conglobate (spherical) form of acne.

Time certainly heals, but it also works against you.

Long-standing acne. certainly leave certain changes on the skin, the fight against which can be much more burdensome than the control of the initial forms of acne.

It is known that acne and its consequences negatively affect the psyche of patients, causing anxiety and depression, significantly reduce their self-esteem and quality of life, and contribute to the development of social maladjustment.

Among patients with acne, there is a high percentage of single and divorced people, as well as a considerable number of unemployed, as many modern employers place increased demands on the appearance of their employees

So what to do if you suffer from acne?

First of all, you need to calm down and consult a dermatologist. In some cases, it may also be necessary to consult other specialists – a gynecologist or an endocrinologist

Patients suffering from various forms of acne, there is no reason to wait for spontaneous remission.

Treatment with a combination of external and systemic drugs allows you to cope with any form of the disease, even with pronounced destructive processes.

Modern examination and treatment can be directed to each of the components of pathogenesis, but it must be understood that it sometimes takes weeks and months to achieve a pronounced therapeutic effect.