What are the common causes of ear pain in children. How can parents identify the symptoms of ear infections. When should you seek medical attention for your child’s ear pain. What are the treatment options for ear pain in children. How can ear pain be prevented in young children. What are the potential complications of untreated ear infections. How does age affect a child’s susceptibility to ear problems.

Common Causes of Ear Pain in Children

Ear pain is a frequent complaint among children, often causing distress for both the child and parents. Understanding the underlying causes can help in proper management and timely treatment.

• Ear infections (otitis media)
• Swimmer’s ear (otitis externa)
• Earwax buildup
• Foreign objects in the ear
• Changes in air pressure
• Teething in infants
• Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders

Ear infections are the most common cause of ear pain in children. They occur when bacteria or viruses infect the middle ear, often following a cold or respiratory infection. The infection causes inflammation and fluid buildup behind the eardrum, leading to pain and discomfort.

How do ear infections develop in children?

Ear infections typically develop when the Eustachian tubes, which connect the middle ear to the back of the throat, become swollen or blocked. This can happen due to allergies, colds, or sinus infections. When these tubes are blocked, fluid can accumulate in the middle ear, creating an ideal environment for bacteria to grow and cause infection.

Identifying Symptoms of Ear Infections in Children

Recognizing the signs of an ear infection is crucial for early intervention and treatment. While older children can often verbalize their discomfort, infants and toddlers may display different symptoms.

What are the signs of ear infection in infants and toddlers?

In younger children, signs of an ear infection may include:

• Tugging or pulling at the ear
• Increased irritability or crying
• Difficulty sleeping
• Loss of appetite
• Fever (especially in infants)
• Clear fluid draining from the ear
• Balance problems or clumsiness

Older children might complain of ear pain, a feeling of fullness in the ear, or hearing difficulties. They may also experience dizziness or problems with balance.

When to Seek Medical Attention for Ear Pain

While many cases of ear pain can be managed at home, certain situations require prompt medical attention. Understanding these scenarios can help parents make informed decisions about their child’s health.

In which cases should parents seek immediate medical care for their child’s ear pain?

Parents should consult a healthcare provider if:

• The child is younger than 3 months and has a fever
• There’s severe ear pain or pain lasting more than 48 hours
• There’s drainage of blood or pus from the ear
• The child shows signs of a high fever (104°F/40°C or higher)
• There are symptoms of meningitis (severe headache, stiff neck, confusion)
• The child experiences sudden hearing loss
• There’s visible swelling behind the ear

It’s important to note that infants and young children are more susceptible to complications from ear infections, so prompt medical evaluation is crucial in these age groups.

Treatment Options for Ear Pain in Children

The approach to treating ear pain in children depends on the underlying cause, the child’s age, and the severity of symptoms. Treatment options range from home remedies to medical interventions.

What are the common treatments for ear infections in children?

Treatment options may include:

1. Watchful waiting: For mild cases in older children, doctors may recommend a wait-and-see approach, as many ear infections clear up on their own.
2. Pain relief: Over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help manage pain and reduce fever.
3. Antibiotics: If bacterial infection is suspected, especially in younger children or severe cases, antibiotics may be prescribed.
4. Ear drops: For conditions like swimmer’s ear, antibiotic ear drops may be recommended.
5. Warm compress: Applying a warm, damp washcloth to the affected ear can help alleviate pain.
6. Elevation: Having the child sleep with their head slightly elevated can help drain fluid from the ear.

In cases of recurrent or chronic ear infections, additional interventions like ear tubes may be considered to improve drainage and prevent future infections.

Preventing Ear Pain and Infections in Children

While not all cases of ear pain can be prevented, there are several measures parents can take to reduce the risk of ear infections and other ear-related issues in children.

How can parents help prevent ear infections in their children?

Preventive measures include:

• Breastfeeding infants, as breast milk contains antibodies that can help prevent infections
• Avoiding secondhand smoke exposure, which can increase the risk of ear infections
• Practicing good hand hygiene to reduce the spread of germs
• Keeping vaccinations up to date, including flu shots
• Avoiding bottle-feeding while the baby is lying down
• Teaching older children to blow their nose gently and frequently when they have a cold
• Using swimmer’s earplugs and thoroughly drying ears after swimming or bathing

Implementing these preventive measures can significantly reduce the occurrence of ear infections and related ear pain in children.

Potential Complications of Untreated Ear Infections

While most ear infections resolve without complications, untreated or recurrent infections can lead to more serious issues. Understanding these potential complications underscores the importance of proper management and timely treatment.

What are the risks associated with untreated ear infections in children?

Possible complications include:

• Hearing loss: Temporary hearing loss is common during and after an ear infection. In rare cases of severe, untreated infections, permanent hearing loss can occur.
• Speech and developmental delays: Chronic hearing issues from recurrent ear infections can impact a child’s speech and language development.
• Mastoiditis: An infection of the mastoid bone behind the ear, which can be serious if left untreated.
• Tympanic membrane perforation: A hole or rupture in the eardrum, which usually heals on its own but can sometimes require surgical repair.
• Meningitis: In rare cases, bacteria from a severe ear infection can spread to the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
• Cholesteatoma: A benign growth in the middle ear that can develop from chronic ear infections.

Regular follow-ups with healthcare providers and adherence to treatment plans can help prevent these complications and ensure optimal ear health for children.

The Impact of Age on Ear Problems in Children

A child’s age plays a significant role in their susceptibility to ear problems and how these issues manifest. Understanding these age-related factors can help parents and healthcare providers in managing ear health more effectively.

How does a child’s age influence their risk and experience of ear problems?

Age-related factors include:

• Infants (0-6 months): More prone to ear infections due to their immature immune systems and the horizontal position of their Eustachian tubes.
• Toddlers (6 months to 3 years): Peak incidence of ear infections, often related to frequent colds and their still-developing immune systems.
• Preschoolers (3-5 years): Ear infections become less frequent as the immune system matures and the Eustachian tubes’ position changes.
• School-age children (6-11 years): Ear problems are less common but can still occur, often related to allergies or upper respiratory infections.

As children grow, their Eustachian tubes become more vertical, allowing for better drainage and reducing the risk of ear infections. Additionally, their immune systems become more robust, providing better defense against pathogens that can cause ear problems.

The Role of Hearing Tests in Managing Ear Health

Hearing tests play a crucial role in monitoring a child’s ear health, especially for those with recurrent ear infections or other ongoing ear issues. These tests can help detect hearing loss early and guide treatment decisions.

When should children undergo hearing tests?

Hearing tests are recommended in the following situations:

• As part of newborn screening
• If a child fails to meet language milestones
• After recurrent or severe ear infections
• If there’s suspicion of hearing loss
• Before starting school
• Periodically throughout childhood as part of routine health screenings

Early detection of hearing issues through regular testing can prevent potential developmental delays and ensure appropriate interventions are implemented promptly.

Understanding ear pain and related issues in children is crucial for parents and caregivers. By recognizing symptoms, seeking timely medical attention, and implementing preventive measures, many ear problems can be effectively managed or prevented. Regular check-ups and open communication with healthcare providers are key to maintaining optimal ear health in children throughout their developmental years.

Ear Problems and Injuries, Age 11 and Younger

Does your child have an ear problem?

This includes problems like pain, hearing loss, and possible infection.

How old are you?

Less than 3 months

Less than 3 months

3 months to 3 years

3 months to 3 years

4 to 11 years

4 to 11 years

12 years or older

12 years or older

Are you male or female?

Why do we ask this question?

• If you are transgender or nonbinary, choose the sex that matches the body parts (such as ovaries, testes, prostate, breasts, penis, or vagina) you now have in the area where you are having symptoms.
• If your symptoms aren’t related to those organs, you can choose the gender you identify with.
• If you have some organs of both sexes, you may need to go through this triage tool twice (once as “male” and once as “female”). This will make sure that the tool asks the right questions for you.

Has your child had a recent head injury?

Does your baby seem sick?

A sick baby probably will not be acting normally. For example, the baby may be much fussier than usual or not want to eat.

How sick do you think your baby is?

Extremely sick

Baby is very sick (limp and not responsive)

Sick

Baby is sick (sleepier than usual, not eating or drinking like usual)

Do you think your baby has a fever?

Did you take a rectal temperature?

Taking a rectal temperature is the only way to be sure that a baby this age does not have a fever. If you don’t know the rectal temperature, it’s safest to assume the baby has a fever and needs to be seen by a doctor. Any problem that causes a fever at this age could be serious.

Yes

Rectal temperature taken

No

Rectal temperature taken

Is it 100.4°F (38°C) or higher?

Yes

Temperature at least 100.4°F (38°C)

No

Temperature at least 100.4°F (38°C)

Has your child had an injury to the ear in the past week?

The ear can be injured by a direct hit, a very loud noise (like a gunshot or firecracker), or an object being pushed into the ear.

Do you suspect that the injury may have been caused by abuse?

This is a standard question that we ask in certain topics. It may not apply to you. But asking it of everyone helps us to get people the help they need.

Yes

Injury may have been caused by abuse

No

Injury may have been caused by abuse

Does your child have ear pain?

How long has your child had pain?

Less than 12 hours

Pain for less than 12 hours

12 to 48 hours (2 full days)

Pain for 12 to 48 hours

More than 48 hours (2 full days)

Pain for more than 48 hours

Is there any drainage from the ear that you do not think is earwax?

Is there any bleeding from the ear that’s not coming from an obvious cut?

How much blood has there been?

More than a few drops or streaks, or steady bleeding of any amount

More than a few drops or streaks, or steady bleeding of any amount

A few drops or few streaks of blood

A few drops or a few streaks of blood

Do you think your child has a fever?

Did you take your child’s temperature?

How high is the fever? The answer may depend on how you took the temperature.

High: 104°F (40°C) or higher, oral

High fever: 104°F (40°C) or higher, oral

Moderate: 100.4°F (38°C) to 103.9°F (39.9°C), oral

Moderate fever: 100.4°F (38°C) to 103.9°F (39.9°C), oral

Mild: 100.3°F (37.9°C) or lower, oral

Mild fever: 100.3°F (37.9°C) or lower, oral

How high do you think the fever is?

Moderate

Feels fever is moderate

Mild or low

Feels fever is mild

How long has your child had a fever?

Less than 2 days (48 hours)

Fever for less than 2 days

From 2 days to less than 1 week

Fever for more than 2 days and less than 1 week

1 week or longer

Fever for 1 week or more

Does your child have shaking chills or very heavy sweating?

Shaking chills are a severe, intense form of shivering. Heavy sweating means that sweat is pouring off the child or soaking through his or her clothes.

Yes

Shaking chills or heavy sweating

No

Shaking chills or heavy sweating

Do you think your child has a hearing problem?

Yes

Possible hearing problem

No

Possible hearing problem

Has your child had a sudden and complete hearing loss?

Yes

Sudden and complete hearing loss

No

Sudden and complete hearing loss

Is the vertigo making it hard for your child to stand or walk?

Your child may seem more unsteady or clumsier than usual.

Does your child have a health problem or take medicine that weakens his or her immune system?

Yes

Disease or medicine that causes immune system problems

No

Disease or medicine that causes immune system problems

Has your child had any ear symptoms for more than a week?

Yes

Ear symptoms for more than 1 week

No

Ear symptoms for more than 1 week

Many things can affect how your body responds to a symptom and what kind of care you may need. These include:

• Your age. Babies and older adults tend to get sicker quicker.
• Your overall health. If you have a condition such as diabetes, HIV, cancer, or heart disease, you may need to pay closer attention to certain symptoms and seek care sooner.
• Medicines you take. Certain medicines, such as blood thinners (anticoagulants), medicines that suppress the immune system like steroids or chemotherapy, herbal remedies, or supplements can cause symptoms or make them worse.
• Recent health events, such as surgery or injury. These kinds of events can cause symptoms afterwards or make them more serious.
• Your health habits and lifestyle, such as eating and exercise habits, smoking, alcohol or drug use, sexual history, and travel.

Try Home Treatment

You have answered all the questions. Based on your answers, you may be able to take care of this problem at home.

• Try home treatment to relieve the symptoms.
• Call your doctor if symptoms get worse or you have any concerns (for example, if symptoms are not getting better as you would expect). You may need care sooner.

Temperature varies a little depending on how you measure it. For children up to 11 years old, here are the ranges for high, moderate, and mild according to how you took the temperature.

Oral (by mouth), ear, or rectal temperature

• High: 104° F (40° C) and higher
• Moderate: 100.4° F (38° C) to 103. 9° F (39.9° C)
• Mild: 100.3° F (37.9° C) and lower

A forehead (temporal) scanner is usually 0.5° F (0.3° C) to 1° F (0.6° C) lower than an oral temperature.

Armpit (axillary) temperature

• High: 103° F (39.5° C) and higher
• Moderate: 99.4° F (37.4° C) to 102.9° F (39.4° C)
• Mild: 99.3° F (37.3° C) and lower

Note: For children under 5 years old, rectal temperatures are the most accurate.

A baby that is extremely sick:

• May be limp and floppy like a rag doll.
• May not respond at all to being held, touched, or talked to.
• May be hard to wake up.

A baby that is sick (but not extremely sick):

• May be sleepier than usual.
• May not eat or drink as much as usual.

If you’re not sure if a child’s fever is high, moderate, or mild, think about these issues:

With a high fever:

• The child feels very hot.
• It is likely one of the highest fevers the child has ever had.

With a moderate fever:

• The child feels warm or hot.
• You are sure the child has a fever.

With a mild fever:

• The child may feel a little warm.
• You think the child might have a fever, but you’re not sure.

Certain health conditions and medicines weaken the immune system’s ability to fight off infection and illness. Some examples in children are:

• Diseases such as diabetes, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, and congenital heart disease.
• Steroid medicines, which are used to treat a variety of conditions.
• Medicines taken after organ transplant.
• Chemotherapy and radiation therapy for cancer.
• Not having a spleen.

Symptoms of an external ear infection may include:

• Moderate to severe pain in the outer ear.
• Pain with chewing.
• Redness and swelling of the ear, ear canal, or the skin around or behind the ear.

Vertigo is the feeling that you or your surroundings are moving when there is no actual movement. It may feel like spinning, whirling, or tilting. Vertigo may make you sick to your stomach, and you may have trouble standing, walking, or keeping your balance.

Pain in children under 3 years

It can be hard to tell how much pain a baby or toddler is in.

• Severe pain (8 to 10): The pain is so bad that the baby cannot sleep, cannot get comfortable, and cries constantly no matter what you do. The baby may kick, make fists, or grimace.
• Moderate pain (5 to 7): The baby is very fussy, clings to you a lot, and may have trouble sleeping but responds when you try to comfort him or her.
• Mild pain (1 to 4): The baby is a little fussy and clings to you a little but responds when you try to comfort him or her.

Pain in children 3 years and older

• Severe pain (8 to 10): The pain is so bad that the child can’t stand it for more than a few hours, can’t sleep, and can’t do anything else except focus on the pain. No one can tolerate severe pain for more than a few hours.
• Moderate pain (5 to 7): The pain is bad enough to disrupt the child’s normal activities and sleep, but the child can tolerate it for hours or days.
• Mild pain (1 to 4): The child notices and may complain of the pain, but it is not bad enough to disrupt his or her sleep or activities.

Seek Care Today

Based on your answers, you may need care soon. The problem probably will not get better without medical care.

• Call your doctor today to discuss the symptoms and arrange for care.
• If you cannot reach your doctor or you don’t have one, seek care today.
• If it is evening, watch the symptoms and seek care in the morning.
• If the symptoms get worse, seek care sooner.

Call 911 Now

Based on your answers, you need emergency care.

Call 911 or other emergency services now.

Sometimes people don’t want to call 911. They may think that their symptoms aren’t serious or that they can just get someone else to drive them. Or they might be concerned about the cost. But based on your answers, the safest and quickest way for you to get the care you need is to call 911 for medical transport to the hospital.

Seek Care Now

Based on your answers, you may need care right away. The problem is likely to get worse without medical care.

• Call your doctor now to discuss the symptoms and arrange for care.
• If you cannot reach your doctor or you don’t have one, seek care in the next hour.
• You do not need to call an ambulance unless:
  • You cannot travel safely either by driving yourself or by having someone else drive you.
  • You are in an area where heavy traffic or other problems may slow you down.

Make an Appointment

Based on your answers, the problem may not improve without medical care.

• Make an appointment to see your doctor in the next 1 to 2 weeks.
• If appropriate, try home treatment while you are waiting for the appointment.
• If symptoms get worse or you have any concerns, call your doctor. You may need care sooner.

Head Injury, Age 3 and Younger

Head Injury, Age 4 and Older

Ear Problems and Injuries, Age 12 and Older

Ear Pressure When You’re Sick: Here’s How to Get Relief

It’s exasperating that being sick with something like a cold, the flu or a sinus infection can make your ears feel like crap. The unpleasant ear pressure that often comes along with these kinds of illnesses is the last thing you need when you’re dealing with other symptoms like a stuffy nose, constant coughing, or the general malaise that comes with being sick. Why exactly does your body drag your ears into the situation when you’re not feeling well? And is there anything you can do about it?

Why ear pressure happens when you’re sick

It’s common for your ears to feel stuffy when you have an illness or infection that impacts the general vicinity of your head, Bradford A. Woodworth, M. D., a professor in the department of otolaryngology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, tells SELF. “Because our ears, nose, and throat are all closely connected, a problem in one area often leads to another,” Dr. Woodworth says.

Much of the function of this ear-nose-throat network hinges on tiny canals called the Eustachian tubes. Each ear has one of these narrow passageways to connect the middle ear (the part containing the eardrum along with tiny bones that help transport sound) to the back of the nasal passages and upper throat, according to the U.S. National Library of Medicine. These tubes open and close regularly to adjust the air pressure in your middle ear, remove natural fluids from your middle ear, and circulate new air inside your ear, according to the Mayo Clinic.

When you’re battling something like an upper respiratory infection or allergy, your Eustachian tube openings can become partially blocked due to tissue inflammation and mucus secretions, Dr. Woodworth says, and this inflammation can potentially interfere with the normal functioning of these tubes, possibly leading to a pressure imbalance. This may cause a sensation of stuffiness. (It’s similar to the plugged-up feeling you might get from the sudden change in air pressure that happens when you’re in an airplane, Dr. Woodworth explains.)

This inflammation can also cause fluid buildup that leads to ear pressure, Anthony Del Signore, M.D., director of rhinology and endoscopic skull base surgery at Mount Sinai Union Square, tells SELF. When the Eustachian tubes are partially blocked, it’s harder for those middle ear secretions to flow down the back of your throat (yum), which can lead to an uncomfortably full sensation in the ear.

If you feel like you always wind up with ear pressure when you’re sick, know that some people’s Eustachian tubes are naturally shaped in a way that makes them more prone to ear discomfort while ill, Dr. Del Signore says. Eustachian tubes that are narrower or more horizontal than average make it easier for fluid to collect. (Children’s Eustachian tubes are shaped this way, which is part of the reason why ear issues are more common in kids, according to the Mayo Clinic.) Other people might have more abundant mucous linings at the opening of their Eustachian tubes, which can make swelling more likely when they’re sick, Dr. Del Signore adds.

How to relieve ear pressure when you’re sick

Fortunately, ear pressure usually goes away when the underlying infection or illness clears up, Dr. Del Signore says. This can either happen naturally (in the case of something like a cold) or through prescribed medication (in the case of something like a bacterial sinus infection).

Ear Infections in Children: What You Should Know

Please note: This information was current at the time of publication. But medical information is always changing, and some information given here may be out of date. For regularly updated information on a variety of health topics, please visit familydoctor.org, the AAFP patient education website.

Information from Your Family Doctor

Am Fam Physician. 2007 Dec 1;76(11):1659-1660.

 
See related article on otitis media.

What causes ear infections?

Ear infections often happen in children with a cold, sore throat, or allergies. These cause the nose and throat to swell and block the tube that drains fluid out of the middle ear (see drawing). Fluid backs up behind the eardrum, and germs spread to the middle ear. This can cause ear pain and fever. This type of ear infection is called otitis media (oh-TIE-tiss ME-dee-ah). Fluid can also collect behind the eardrum but not cause pain or fever. This is called otitis media with effusion (eff-YOO-shun).

Who gets ear infections?

Anyone can get an ear infection, but children get them more often than adults. Most children will have at least one ear infection before they turn three. Children who go to daycare, who use a pacifier, or who are around cigarette smoke are more likely to get ear infections.

How can I tell if my child has an ear infection?

Some symptoms of an ear infection include:

• Fever

• Earache

• Pulling or rubbing the ear

• Not eating as much as usual

• Problems sleeping

• Fluid coming out of one or both ears

Call your doctor if you think your child might have an ear infection. He or she will use a special tool to look inside your child’s ears to see if they are infected.

How are ear infections treated?

Over-the-counter medicines such as acetaminophen (one brand: Tylenol) or ibuprofen (one brand: Motrin) can help with fever and pain. Do not give your child aspirin. Putting a warm cloth or hot water bottle on the area around the ear can also help with the pain. Eardrops made especially for earaches (one brand: Auralgan) can help your child feel better. Saline nose drops and a humidifier can help with nasal congestion. Cold medicines containing antihistamines or decongestants will not help your child get better faster and should not be used in children younger than six years.

Does my child need antibiotics?

Many ear infections will get better without antibiotics. If your child’s ear infection is mild, your doctor might want you to wait a few days to see if the infection gets better on its own. If your child does not feel better after two or three days, your doctor will prescribe an antibiotic. Children six months or younger and children with very bad ear infections will be given antibiotics right away.

What can I expect?

Your child should start to feel better within a few days after visiting the doctor. If not, call your doctor. If he or she has already prescribed an antibiotic, your child might need a different medicine. The fluid behind the eardrum may not go away for several weeks.

Call your doctor right away if your child starts vomiting or gets a high fever, pain inside or behind the ear, or headaches.

How can I keep my child from getting another ear infection?

Try to keep your child away from the things he or she is allergic to. Keep your child away from people who are smoking. If you smoke, talk with your doctor about quitting. Don’t put babies to bed with a bottle. Make sure your child’s immunizations are up to date.

What You Need to Know

Earaches and Ear Infections: What You Need to Know

Earaches are certainly uncomfortable, and if you or your child are experiencing this type of pain, it’s important to understand the cause as soon as possible. You will be in a far better position to recover quickly if you can recognize the difference between an earache that will clear up on its own and an ear infection that may require further treatment.

What Causes Ear Pain?

Viral infections like the flu or common cold, as well as seasonal allergies can put pressure on the eardrum and lead to fluid build-up in the middle ear.  Ear pain can also be caused by “swimmer’s ear”, an ear infection of the outer ear canal that occurs when water gets trapped in the ear after swimming. If you’re already suffering from a stuffy nose or sore throat that tend to accompany illnesses like the flu or common cold, an earache is certainly an unwelcome addition.

Who Is at Risk?

Though adults are certainly susceptible to earaches and ear infections, middle ear infections are especially common in children under the age of eight and can often come on suddenly. Pain can range in severity from a mild, dull ache to sharp, burning or throbbing sensations in one or both ears.

What’s the Difference Between an Earache and an Ear Infection?

Ear pain associated with allergies or viral infections like the flu or common cold can sometimes develop into an ear infection. Occasionally, the eustachian tube will become blocked, preventing the fluid from draining out of the ear, causing bacteria to form as a result. Ear infections are caused by bacteria and may require antibiotics for relief. Symptoms of an earache do not always differ from symptoms of an ear infection, and it can be difficult to identify the cause of ear pain without an exam.

Earaches and ear infections are most common in young children who may be too young to communicate their symptoms. Here are some behaviors and symptoms that you can look out for to tell if your child might have an ear infection:

• Tugging or pulling at the ear or ears (can be an indicator of an ear infection, but may also be caused by teething, tiredness, or fluid in the middle ear)
• Fussiness, crying, and/or trouble sleeping (often pain gets worse when lying down)
• Fever (especially in infants and younger children)
• Fluid draining from the ear
• Trouble hearing or decreased response to sounds

Diagnosing and Treating Earaches and Ear Infections

For earaches caused by viral infections or allergies, the best way to seek relief in the comfort of your own home is by pressing a warm cloth or compress against the affected ear and taking an over the counter pain reliever.

However, if your ear pain is severe and persistent, or you have other symptoms of an ear infection like fever that is not subsiding, fluid or discharge, seek medical attention as you may have an ear infection that requires antibiotics.

Diagnosing the cause of earache and ear infection begins with a physical examination. If a viral infection is the most likely cause of symptoms, treatment often includes the use of a warm compress along with decongestants and pain and fever reducers. If bacterial infection is suspected, a treating provider may prescribe oral or topical antibiotics—particularly if at-home treatment has been ineffective. While symptoms typically improve within one week, residual symptoms—such as tinnitus—may take longer to fully resolve.

If you or a family member are experiencing symptoms, simply stop into any ConvenientMD location in Massachusetts, New Hampshire or Maine to get evaluated and treated! All of our clinics are open 8am – 8pm, 7 days a week, and you can just walk in without having to make an appointment.

Ear infections – HSE.ie

Ear infections are very common, particularly in children.

You do not always need to see a GP for an ear infection. They often get better on their own within 3 days.

Check if it’s an ear infection

The symptoms of an ear infection usually start quickly and include:

• pain inside the ear
• a high temperature of 38 degrees Celsius or above
• being sick
• a lack of energy
• difficulty hearing
• discharge running out of the ear
• a feeling of pressure or fullness inside the ear
• itching and irritation in and around the ear
• scaly skin in and around the ear

Young children and babies with an ear infection may also:

• rub or pull their ear
• not react to some sounds
• be irritable or restless
• be off their food
• keep losing their balance

Most ear infections clear up within 3 days, although sometimes symptoms can last up to a week.

Differences between middle ear infection and outer ear infection

How to treat an ear infection yourself

To help relieve any pain and discomfort from an ear infection:

A pharmacist can help with an ear infection

Talk to a pharmacist if you think you have an outer ear infection.

They can recommend acidic ear drops to help stop bacteria or fungus spreading.

What happens at your appointment

Your GP will often use a small light (otoscope) to look in the ear.

Some otoscopes blow a small puff of air into the ear. This checks for blockages, which could be a sign of an infection.

Treatment from a GP

Your GP may prescribe medicine for your ear infection, depending on what’s caused it.

Infections in the middle ear

Infections in the middle ear (behind the ear drum) often clear up on their own. Antibiotics make little difference to symptoms, including pain.

Antibiotics might be prescribed if:

• an ear infection does not start to get better after 3 days
• you or your child has any fluid coming out of their ear
• you or your child has an illness that means there’s a risk of complications, such as cystic fibrosis

They may also be prescribed if your child is less than 2 years old and has an infection in both ears.

Outer ear infections

Your GP might prescribe:

• antibiotic ear drops – to treat a bacterial infection
• steroid ear drops – to bring down swelling
• antifungal ear drops – to treat a fungal infection
• antibiotic tablets – if your bacterial infection is severe

If you have a spot or boil in your ear, your GP may pierce it with a needle to drain the pus.

Ear drops may not work if they’re not used correctly.

How to use ear drops

1. Remove any visible discharge or earwax using cotton wool.
2. Hold the bottle in your hand to warm it. Cold ear drops can make you feel dizzy.
3. Lie on your side with the affected ear facing up to put the drops in.
4. Gently pull and push your ear to work the drops in.

Stay lying down for 5 minutes so the drops do not come out.

Preventing ear infections

You cannot always prevent ear infections. Particularly inner ear infections caused by colds and flu.

To help avoid inner ear infections:

• make sure your child is up to date with vaccinations
• keep your child away from smoky environments
• try not to give your child a dummy after they’re 6 months old

To help avoid outer ear infections:

• do not stick cotton wool buds or your fingers in your ears
• use ear plugs or a swimming hat over your ears when you swim
• try to avoid water or shampoo getting into your ears when you have a shower or bath
• treat conditions that affect your ears, such as eczema or an allergy to hearing aids

Colds, Flu, Allergies and Your Ears

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Colds, flu and allergies have similar symptoms: sneezing, coughing, stuffy nose, watery, itchy eyes and a general feeling of sickness. But did you know your ears could be affected as well? Colds, flu and allergies can cause diminished hearing, a clogged or “full” feeling in the ears. While somewhat annoying, it’s usually a temporary condition.

The parts of the ear

Your ears are wonderful little “machines” with three parts that contribute not only to hearing, but to balance as well. The outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear all can be affected by illness and allergies.

The outer ear is the outside portion of your ear and the ear canal. When you’re sick, it may become swollen or red. An infection occurs most often in the middle ear, the location of the Eustachian tube. This part of your ear is like a pressure release valve, a drainage tube of sorts. When it is clogged by mucus, pressure builds up and it becomes difficult to hear. The inner ear is filled with fluid and is called the labyrinth. It also can become infected, leading to dizziness, ringing in the ear or loss of balance.

Allergies, viruses and hearing

Allergies and colds are the most likely to cause a middle ear infection, also known as otitis media. After a few days of a stuffy or runny nose, the lining of your middle ear is irritated. This can block the Eustachian tube, which can feel like popping in the ears, fullness or congestion. Sometimes this blockage results in a temporary hearing loss, called conductive hearing loss. It usually resolves itself once the cold or allergy is gone.

The flu also can lead to conductive hearing loss due to congestion. This also usually resolves itself. However, the flu might also cause a more serious hearing problem known as sensorineural hearing loss. This is when the inner ear nerves that transmit sound signals to the brain are damaged. It happens when the flu virus attacks the inner ear. Sensorineural hearing loss may be permanent if it’s not treated quickly, usually within two days. However, it’s difficult to diagnose, so if you have the flu and experience a sudden loss of hearing, see your health care provider as soon as possible.

Treatments for colds and allergies

Antihistamines and decongestants can help reduce ear pressure and the feeling of fullness. Sometimes a warm compress helps. If an infection is present, a doctor will prescribe an antibiotic. Over-the-counter pain relievers can relieve earaches.

Because your ears, nose and throat are so closely connected, a problem in one area often leads to another. That’s why a stuffy nose and blocked ears often happen at the same time when you have a cold, the flu or allergies. Usually any loss of hearing is temporary, but if problems persist, a visit to your hearing professional is important.

Earache | Advocare Broomall Pediatric Associates

Is this your child’s symptom?

• Pain in or around the ear
• The older child complains about ear pain
• Younger child acts like he did with last ear infection or cries a lot
• Not caused by an ear injury

If NOT, try one of these:

Causes of Earaches

• Ear Infection. An infection of the middle ear (space behind the eardrum) is the most common cause. Ear infections can be caused by viruses or bacteria. Usually, a doctor can tell the difference by looking at the eardrum.
• Swimmer’s Ear. An infection or irritation of the skin that lines the ear canal. Main symptom is itchy ear canal. If the canal becomes infected, it also becomes painful. Mainly occurs in swimmers and in the summer time.
• Ear Canal Injury. A cotton swab or fingernail can cause a scrape in the canal.
• Ear Canal Abscess. An infection of a hair follicle in the ear canal can be very painful. It looks like a small red bump. Sometimes, it turns into a pimple. It needs to be drained.
• Earwax. A big piece of hard earwax can cause mild ear pain. If the wax has been pushed in by cotton swabs, the ear canal can become blocked. This pain will be worse.
• Ear Canal Foreign Object. Young children may put small objects in their ear canal. It will cause pain if object is sharp or pushed in very far.
• Airplane Ear. If the ear tube is blocked, sudden increases in air pressure can cause the eardrum to stretch. The main symptom is severe ear pain. It usually starts when coming down for a landing. It can also occur during mountain driving.
• Pierced Ear Infections. These are common. If not treated early, they can become very painful.
• Referred Pain. Ear pain can also be referred from diseases not in the ear. Tonsil infections are a common example. Tooth decay in a back molar can seem like ear pain. Mumps can be reported as ear pain. Reason: the mumps parotid gland is in front of the ear. Jaw pain (TMJ syndrome) can masquerade as ear pain.

Ear Infections: Most Common Cause

• Definition. An infection of the middle ear (the space behind the eardrum). Viral ear infections are more common than bacterial ones.
• Symptoms. The main symptom is an earache. Younger children will cry, act fussy or have trouble sleeping because of pain. About 50% of children with an ear infection will have a fever.
• Diagnosis. A doctor can diagnose a bacterial ear infection by looking at the eardrum. It will be bulging and have pus behind it. For viral ear infections, the eardrum will be red but not bulging.
• Age Range. Ear infections peak at age 6 months to 2 years. They are a common problem until age 8. The onset of ear infections is often on day 3 of a cold.
• Frequency. 90% of children have at least 1 ear infection. Frequent ear infections occur in 20% of children. Ear infections are the most common bacterial infection of young children.
• Complication of Bacterial Ear Infections. In 5% to 10% of children, the eardrum will develop a small tear. This is from the pressure in the middle ear. The ear then drains cloudy fluid or pus. This small hole most often heals over in 2 or 3 days.
• Treatment. Bacterial ear infections need an oral antibiotic. Viral ear infections get better on their own. They need pain medicine and supportive care.

When to Call for Earache

Call 911 Now

• Not moving or too weak to stand
• You think your child has a life-threatening emergency

Call Doctor or Seek Care Now

• Severe earache and not improved 2 hours after taking ibuprofen
• Pink or red swelling behind the ear
• Outer ear is red, swollen and painful
• Stiff neck (can’t touch chin to the chest)
• Walking is not steady
• Pointed object was put into the ear canal (such as a pencil, stick, or wire)
• Weak immune system. Examples are: sickle cell disease, HIV, cancer, organ transplant, taking oral steroids.
• Fever over 104° F (40° C)
• Your child looks or acts very sick
• You think your child needs to be seen, and the problem is urgent

Contact Doctor Within 24 Hours

• Earache, but none of the symptoms above. Reason: could be an ear infection.
• Pus or cloudy discharge from ear canal

Care Advice for Earache

1. What You Should Know About Earaches:
   • Your child may have an ear infection. The only way to be sure is to look at the eardrum.
   • It is safe to wait until your doctor’s office is open to call. It is not harmful to wait if the pain starts at night.
   • Ear pain can usually be controlled with pain medicine.
   • Many earaches are caused by a virus and don’t need an antibiotic.
   • Here is some care advice that should help until you talk with your doctor.
2. Pain Medicine:
   • To help with the pain, give an acetaminophen product (such as Tylenol).
   • Another choice is an ibuprofen product (such as Advil).
   • Use as needed.
3. Cold Pack for Pain:
   • Put a cold wet washcloth on the outer ear for 20 minutes. This should help the pain until the pain medicine starts to work.
   • Note: some children prefer heat for 20 minutes.
   • Caution: heat or cold kept on too long could cause a burn or frostbite.
4. Ear Infection Discharge:
   • If pus is draining from the ear, the eardrum probably has a small tear. Usually, this is from an ear infection. Discharge can also occur if your child has ear tubes.
   • The pus may be blood-tinged.
   • Most often, this heals well after the ear infection is treated.
   • Wipe the discharge away as you see it.
   • Do not plug the ear canal with cotton. Reason: retained pus can cause an infection of the lining of the ear canal.
5. Fever Medicine:
   • For fevers above 102° F (39° C), give an acetaminophen product (such as Tylenol).
   • Another choice is an ibuprofen product (such as Advil).
   • Note: fevers less than 102° F (39° C) are important for fighting infections.
   • For all fevers: keep your child well hydrated. Give lots of cold fluids.
6. Return to School:
   • Ear infections cannot be spread to others.
   • Can return to school or child care when the fever is gone.
7. Call Your Doctor If:
   • Pain becomes severe
   • You think your child needs to be seen
   • Your child becomes worse

And remember, contact your doctor if your child develops any of the ‘Call Your Doctor’ symptoms.

Disclaimer: this health information is for educational purposes only. You, the reader, assume full responsibility for how you choose to use it.

Copyright 2000-2021. Schmitt Pediatric Guidelines LLC.

90,000 diagnostics and treatment in Minsk

Cancer of the larynx treatment stages 1, 2, 3. Symptoms, signs, metastases, prognosis.

Laryngeal cancer is a serious disease.

Among the total number of patients with malignant diseases, cancer of the larynx takes the eighth place, and among the tumors of the upper respiratory tract – the first. The number of patients with laryngeal cancer in Belarus is increasing by 8-10% every year. Basically, this disease occurs in people aged 40-60 years. Men are 15-20 times more likely to suffer from laryngeal cancer.

Cancer of the larynx: causes

Current evidence suggests that malignant tumors do not appear suddenly in healthy tissues. Laryngeal cancer is always preceded by changes in the organ or tissues, which are usually caused by the following adverse factors (or a combination of them):

• smoking;
• alcohol abuse;
• prolonged inhalation of dusty hot air, various gases (including exhaust gases), fumes of acids, alkalis, gasoline and oils;
• precancerous tissue changes, long-term chronic inflammation and benign tumors (fibromas, papillomas, cysts).

Occupational hazards play an important role in the statistics of laryngeal cancer incidence. Gases and dust of asbestos-cement and pulp and paper enterprises, paint and varnish, aniline and aluminum industries, exhaust gases of cars, vapors of gasoline and various oils, gases during welding and many others pose a high carcinogenic hazard.

This confirms the fact that among patients there is a significant number of people of working professions who smoke a lot, consume alcohol and are exposed to occupational hazards.Still, smoking is a major contributor to laryngeal cancer.

Among patients with laryngeal cancer, 94–97% are smokers.

Tobacco smoke contains many toxic and irritating substances, soot particles, radioactive substances. By irritating and burning the mucous membrane, they cause and maintain chronic inflammation, which contributes to the formation of neoplasms.

Smokers suffer from laryngeal cancer 20-30 times more often than non-smokers. The overall risk of death from cancer, directly related to smoking, is 30.6% (45% in men and 21.5% in women).

Smoking filter cigarettes does not save you from laryngeal cancer, as the filter retains only a small part of harmful substances that contribute to inflammation of the laryngeal mucosa. Non-smokers also suffer from smokers: “passive” smoking increases the likelihood of cancer by 10 times.

Laryngeal cancer: signs and symptoms

Signs of the disease are very diverse and depend on the form and place of tumor growth, the degree of its spread. The initial period of the disease is characterized by minor and often latent symptoms.

The following symptoms should alert:

• hoarseness or other changes in voice;
• swelling in the neck;
• sore throat and discomfort when swallowing, perspiration;
• Sensation of a foreign body in the larynx when swallowing;
• persistent cough;
• ear pain;
• weight loss.

Localization of laryngeal tumors and their clinical picture

It should be noted that clinical manifestations largely depend on the location of the tumor.

Cancer of the vestibular larynx

The development of cancerous tumors of the vestibular region proceeds aggressively, they quickly spread to the surrounding organs, are characterized by an increased ability of metastasis (to the lymph nodes of the neck).

This is due to the well-developed lymphatic system of the vestibular region and its numerous connections with the lymphatic vessels of the pharynx.

Unfortunately, this is the most common localization of laryngeal cancer.At the onset of the disease, the patient usually feels discomfort when swallowing, which, as the tumor grows, is replaced by the sensation of a foreign body. With the progression of the disease, pain occurs when swallowing, its intensity gradually increases.

In the later stages, the pain radiates to the ears, causes great suffering to the patient, becomes the cause of limited food intake, which leads to a sharp decrease in body weight.

Cancer of the middle larynx

Cancer of the middle section proceeds most favorably.The lack of lymphatic vessels in this area explains the rare metastasis of tumors of this localization. Hoarseness, which occurs even with a small tumor, forces a person to see a doctor shortly after the onset of this symptom.

This is due to a violation of the tight closure of the vocal folds due to a mechanical obstacle, which is a tumor. In the future, hoarseness is a manifestation of the limitation of the mobility of the fold or its complete immobility due to the growth of a tumor in the vocal muscle and underlying tissues.

A steady increase in this symptom is characteristic – from slight hoarseness to complete loss of voice. In a later period, the addition of labored breathing is also characteristic. It is associated with the growth of a tumor in the lumen of the larynx, narrowing of its lumen, as well as immobility of one or both halves of the larynx.

With further growth, the tumor can spread to adjacent parts of the larynx with appropriate clinical manifestations, and can also grow forward into the soft tissues of the neck.

Cancer of the laryngeal larynx

Subglottic cancer is relatively rare. Tumors in this area also have a number of features: as a rule, they have an endophytic form of growth, they are resistant to ionizing radiation, and metastasize mainly to the prelaryngeal and pretracheal lymph nodes.

Such tumors account for about 2% of all laryngeal tumors. When they spread to or into the vocal fold, they lead to hoarseness.Quite rarely, a tumor narrows the lumen of the larynx, causing difficulty breathing while inhaling.

One of the directions of tumor growth of this localization is spread to the first tracheal rings. A significant proportion of patients come with damage to two or three parts of the larynx. In such cases, there is a combination of clinical symptoms of lesions of various departments.

Diagnosis of laryngeal cancer

The following procedures are used in the diagnosis: Indirect laryngoscopy, external examination and palpation.Fibrolaryngoscopy. This method is one of the main methods in the diagnosis of throat cancer. During this procedure, it is possible to examine all parts of the larynx in high resolution and without “blind spots”.

The instrument is inserted into the larynx easily and safely, it is possible to take a biopsy for cytological examination. In addition, it is possible to visualize the underfold department and perform high-quality photography.

Morphological examination (histological, cytological) of material obtained by biopsy, puncture and scrapings.Computed tomography (CT) of the larynx. Used to assess conditions of laryngeal cartilage that cannot be seen with laryngoscopy. Also, this method provides additional information about the vestibular larynx and hypopharynx.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This method makes it possible to assess the condition of the vocal folds, subglottic part, lumen of the laryngeal ventricles, scooplary laryngeal folds, piriform sinuses. Radiography of the lungs. It is used in case of suspicion of distant metastases.

Ultrasound examination of the liver and lymph nodes of the neck. It is used in case of suspicion of distant and regional metastases. In the presence of enlarged regional lymph nodes, puncture them for cytological confirmation. All these methods make it possible to unambiguously diagnose and prescribe a suitable treatment.

Throat cancer treatment

Treatment can be conservative or surgical, depending on the location of the tumor in the larynx and its size. Nowadays it is no longer enough to just cure the patient.Doctors try to preserve the larynx. Therefore, treatment is usually started with conservative (radiation or chemoradiation) treatment.

At the initial stages of the disease, conservative cure is achieved in 85–90% of cases. At the same time, the functions of the larynx are not disturbed and the patients continue their previous labor activity.

In cases where conservative treatment is not effective enough, surgery is performed.

If the tumor is small, then only part of the larynx is removed, while its vocal and respiratory functions are preserved.But if the patient seeks help late, it is necessary to completely remove the larynx. In such cases, the patient, after the wound has healed, begins classes to develop a sonorous voice.

After 2-3 months of such exercises, the patient already communicates with the people around him. All patients after treatment need monthly close monitoring by a specialist for 5 or more years. This is necessary to prevent and timely treatment of possible complications, relapses or tumor metastases.

During and after treatment, the patient should receive a complete, high-calorie, fortified food. You should not eat sour, salty and spicy foods, seasonings, as this increases dryness in the throat and contributes to the appearance of edema. Patients should not smoke, drink any alcoholic beverages, hypothermia, sunbathe, and also carry out any thermal procedures in the neck area.

It is strictly forbidden to use various stimulating drugs (aloe tincture, propolis, mummy, etc.)as they contain a large amount of biologically active substances that can accelerate tumor growth.

Prevention of laryngeal cancer

Laryngeal cancer, like any disease, is easier to prevent than cure. Therefore:

1. give up smoking and excessive alcohol consumption;
2. Observe the rules of individual prevention when working with the previously listed chemicals;
3. Treat chronic diseases of the larynx in a timely manner, remove benign neoplasms.

In conclusion, we note that with the appearance of long-term hoarseness and hoarseness, one should not self-medicate for months or expect self-healing. It is necessary to consult a doctor as early as possible and not to refuse the proposed examinations and treatment.

Why the ear can hurt | Today

If the pain in the ear region resembles an electric shock, the cause is neuralgia, if it occurs when the tragus is pressed, it is otitis media.

This year, winter is changeable like a frivolous girl: frost gives way to a thaw with kaleidoscopic speed.I just want to quickly take off a warm hat, scarf and breathe in the air deeply. Here we are in danger of hypothermia, which can provoke the development of infection. The next morning, after walking light in the cold, you may feel pain in the ear, radiating to the head. Rarely, in this case, someone immediately runs to the doctor, more often they diagnose themselves and begin treatment: they warm up, rinse, drink pills … But the insidiousness of this symptom is that it is characteristic of different diseases that require a different approach.So it turns out that the reason is one, and the person heals another. As a result, the disease progresses and leads to complications that are difficult even for a doctor to cure. Therefore, in order not to waste precious time and immediately start treatment, it is important to find out what it is: incipient otitis media, inflammation in the tooth, or another reason, and take action. The head physician of the Basin Dental Clinic A. N. Vakhnenko and the otolaryngologist of the highest category, consultant of the Healthy Family Clinic A.D. Gorbachev.

WHY DOES IT HAPPEN IN THE EAR REGION

Due to inflammation in the ear

It may be otitis media. In which part of the ear (external, middle, internal), the inflammation began, the ENT doctor can say.

What confirms the guess? The diagnosis of otitis media will confirm this characteristic symptom: if you press the tragus with force – the protrusion in the auricle in front of the opening of the external auditory canal – you will feel pain. It is also possible to increase the temperature, noise and “shooting” in the ears, in advanced cases – purulent discharge from the ear.

What to do? If the pain is pulling, not pulsating, if there is no fever and purulent discharge from the ear (in these cases, you must immediately run to the doctor), you can heal yourself. To do this, twice a day (in the morning and at night) make a dry warming compress (heat a bag of salt with an iron and lie on it with a sore ear) or put a cotton ball moistened with boric, camphor alcohol or alcohol tincture of calendula, eucalyptus in your ear. In addition, keep the sore ear warm at all times: any hypothermia is a step back for recovery.For minor inflammation, these measures are usually sufficient. But if after a few days you do not feel relief, contact your ENT doctor.

What not to do? Do not prescribe antibiotics yourself. If pus flows out of the ear, if you feel a throbbing pain in your head, in no case warm your sore ear!

Prevention. Most often, otitis media is a complication after ARVI, influenza, tonsillitis, lingering rhinitis. Therefore, any cold, not to mention infections such as the flu, it is important to “survive” and cure to the end.

Due to caries in the tooth

“Ear” pain can be caused by caries of the extreme teeth in an advanced stage (ie, with inflammation of the nerve or tissues near the tooth).

What confirms the guess? In favor of the dental origin of pain in the “ear”, it will be said that the pain is pulsating, aggravated by pressing on a sore tooth and by eating cold and hot food. The pain can be given to the head, ear, temple, neck. And the pain is usually stronger at night than during the day.

What to do? It is very rare to completely recover from tooth pain on your own. Therefore, contact your dentist as soon as possible, who will accurately name the cause of the pain and begin treatment. Before visiting the doctor, you can relieve the condition by taking an analgesic pill (for example, nimesulide, ibuprofen, analgin). Gargling with baking soda helps to calm the pain for a short time: take 1 tsp in a glass of warm boiled water. soda and a couple of drops of iodine. If you are a fan of natural methods of treatment, use the “grandmother’s” recipe – attach chopped onion or garlic to a sore tooth.Cover the gruel with cotton wool on top. Onions and garlic are natural antiseptics, and if the inflammation in the gums is minor, they can cope with it. But all these measures do not cancel the consultation with the dentist.

What not to do? A warming compress should not be placed on the jaw from the side of a diseased tooth – especially if edema (flux) has already formed. You can not rub the sore spot, pick hard objects in the tooth, touch the sore gum with your hands. All this can lead to the spread of infection.

Prevention. A tooth with a hole, even if it does not hurt, is always a potential source of infection in the body. Caries can cause problems with digestion, heart and kidneys. Therefore, do not delay a visit to the doctor if the problem already exists.

Due to a cold nerve

Trigeminal neuralgia can be given to the ear.

What confirms the guess? Pain comes on suddenly, in seizures lasting 2 minutes.It is provoked by chewing, washing, brushing teeth, a gust of wind, a simple touch. By its nature, it resembles an electric shock. May be accompanied by facial redness, spasms of facial and chewing muscles.

What to do? Typical trigeminal neuralgia requires medical attention, so see a neurologist as soon as possible. He will prescribe effective treatment. Usually, a course (about 10-14 days) of antispasmodics is prescribed – drugs that relieve spasm, for example, no-shpu, as well as a sedative based on valerian, St. John’s wort, lemon balm.To strengthen the nervous system, it is useful to drink a course of vitamins of group B.

What can not be done? For a while, you need to give up exciting drinks (coffee, strong tea) and spicy dishes, spices. All this can contribute to exacerbation.

Prevention. It is important to avoid hypothermia to prevent neuralgia. In some cases, it is difficult to prevent trigeminal neuralgia, since it can be the result of injuries or one of the manifestations of other diseases – a tumor, herpes, again a sick tooth (by the way, it often appears after a poorly placed filling).

HOW TO BE WITH BABIES?

Even the smallest are not insured against ear pain. “Mom, my ear hurts,” a two-year-old might say. But the baby is not able to talk about what causes him discomfort, he will just cry, give up his breast, sleep restlessly at night, rub his ear against the pillow, reach out with a pen to his ear. You can find out the cause of the pain by applying intense pressure on the ear tragus. If the baby cries, it is probably otitis media. To avoid complications, take your child to a doctor as soon as possible.

Prevention. Otitis media in children is much more common than in adults and the likelihood of complications is greater. This is due to the structural features of the child’s ear: their auditory tube is wider and shorter. It is important to prevent mucus from getting into it during colds and milk during feeding.To do this: – teach the baby to blow his nose correctly: you need to do this without excessive effort, you cannot blow mucus out of both nostrils at once, only alternately, – after feeding, hold the baby upright, so that he regurgitates excess milk and it does not get from the oral cavity into the nasopharynx, and then through the auditory tube into the middle ear.

Diseases of the ears in dogs: symptoms, treatment

The tender and vulnerable canine ears often suffer from infectious and other types of diseases. A pet can catch an infection on the street or catch a cold from the cold water that gets inside all year round. The owner’s task is to sensitively monitor the animal and take the necessary therapeutic and preventive measures in a timely manner.

When a dog has a sore ear, it affects its well-being and manifests itself in behavioral symptoms:

• the dog has itchy ears;

• the animal intensively rubs its head against furniture or on the floor;

• pet makes pitiful sounds when the owner strokes his head;

• the dog shakes its head, tilts it to one side.

The presence of inflammation or irritation in the area of ​​the auricles can be recognized by the physiological symptoms:

• unpleasant odor;

• unhealthy swelling;

• redness;

• unhealthy discharge in the form of pus or sulfur.

Common ear diseases in pets

The most common causes of infectious and chronic diseases of the outer and inner ear in dogs:

• features of anatomy (long and drooping ears), which lead to the formation of sulfur plugs;

• hypothermia;

• water penetration deep into the auricle;

• ear mites and other parasites;

• ingestion of a foreign body in the ear;

• allergy;

• hereditary diseases;

• bacterial and infectious pathogens.

If your dog shakes his ears and scratches his head in all available ways, it is better to immediately contact the veterinarian. The owner is not always able to immediately and accurately determine the cause of such behavior, and this is fraught with aggravation of health problems for the family pet.

The most common ear diseases in four-legged pets:

• otitis media. Pathogens – bacteria, fungus, allergens. The disease proceeds in an acute and chronic form and at the site of localization is divided into external (between the entrance to the ear and the eardrum), middle (behind the eardrum), internal (inflammation of the ear labyrinth).In the early stages, otitis media drops will help relieve symptoms, but they will only bring temporary relief – they can be used as first aid before going to the veterinarian. The doctor will conduct an examination and prescribe a course of treatment in accordance with the diagnosis;

• provoked by hematoma. It appears as a result of physical injury. The presence of damage is noticeable by the thickening, change in the shape of the auricle. Surgical treatment of the injury. After removing dead tissue, it is necessary to treat the sore ear with wound-healing ointments as prescribed by a veterinarian;

• caused by a foreign body in the ear.Since the ear canal has a complex structure, it will not be possible to detect and remove the object of concern on your own. If you experience symptoms such as shaking your ears and tilting your head to the side, you should make an appointment with your veterinarian. If this is not done on time, an infection may develop in the ear canal;

• Otodectosis. The causative agent is an ear mite. A dog can become infected from contact with other animals on the street. The main signs are itching in the ears, an unpleasant odor and dirt on the mucous membranes (waste products of parasites).Otodectosis is treated with drug therapy, using special drops. In its neglected form, the disease leads to the development of chronic diseases of the outer and middle ear and even to deafness;

• eczema. It occurs as a result of allergens and certain chemicals entering the ear. Treat eczema with medication, drops and ointments;

• congenital and acquired deafness. If hearing problems begin during life, the animal can be cured. The main condition is to detect problems in time and visit a doctor

Prevention of ear diseases in dogs

With proper care of your pet, many ear problems can be avoided.We recommend that you follow simple hygiene rules:

• Clean the dog’s ears with hygienic cotton wool, special napkins or a soft swab at least 2 times a week. Ear lotion can be used. It is not recommended to use hydrogen peroxide and chlorhexidine for cleaning;

• Blot sinks after bathing to remove excess moisture from the inner passage;

• Remove excess hair from the inside of the shell with a depilatory cream.

If you notice itchy or red ears in a dog, contact one of the branches of the Kaliningrad Regional Center for Veterinary Medicine. The doctor will examine the pet in the clinic or at home, determine the cause of the concern and prescribe a course of treatment. Our veterinary pharmacy has a large selection of effective drugs. There is no need to look elsewhere for the prescription drugs you need.

P. S Also in veterinary clinics are carried out cosmetic surgery to cropping the ears of pedigree dogs.Our doctors will be able to create comfortable conditions for the pet during the operation and in the postoperative period.

Acute and chronic otitis media

The most common ear condition is otitis media.It can appear at any age. This is an inflammatory process of one of the ear departments. Since there are three parts of the ear anatomically and physiologically, there are three types of otitis media: external, middle and internal. One of the most common manifestations of otitis media is otitis media.

Main symptoms

Inflammation of the middle ear begins with severe, shooting pain. The temperature can rise to 38-39 degrees, hearing decreases.Relief comes after the eardrum breaks and accumulated pus flows out. In the future, with a favorable course of the disease, pus stops secreting, the eardrum is overgrown, the state of health is normalized, although hearing may decrease.

Chronic otitis media often occurs as a continuation of acute purulent otitis media, which, for one reason or another, is not cured for a long time. Chronic purulent otitis media are of two main forms, with one of them affecting the mucous membrane of the middle ear.In the second case, the inflammatory process affects the bone formations of the ear. Such otitis media is difficult, the layer of epidermis closest to the bone penetrates into the tympanic cavity and grows to the bone wall devoid of mucous membrane. At the same time, pus is constantly released, has an unpleasant odor, sometimes bone sand is mixed with it, which indicates the destruction of the bone.

Risk factors

The development of otitis media is preceded by a runny nose, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, tracheitis, laryngitis.Against the background of a runny nose or sore throat, edema of the auditory tube develops, which causes ear congestion. Then the mucous membrane of the middle ear swells, the swelling grows, mucous and mucopurulent discharge appears and accumulates inside the ear, respectively, the pain intensifies, the temperature rises.

Complications

Complications of acute otitis media are very rare, but they are serious and can be life threatening. Inflammation can spread within the temporal bone – inflammation of the mastoid process, damage to the facial nerve, purulent inflammation of the labyrinth of the inner ear can occur.The inflammation can also go into the cranial cavity and then meningitis or brain abscess can occur. Very rarely, otitis media is the cause of sepsis.

Treatment

Treatment includes complete rest, bed rest. Antibiotics are prescribed according to indications. At high temperatures, antipyretics are indicated. Warming compresses, heating pads, physiotherapy are applied locally. A short-term antiseptic and analgesic effect is exerted by 96% ethyl alcohol in the form of warm drops in the ear.

A pain reliever pill can be taken before seeking medical attention to reduce fever and pain. Place a warm, dry compress on your ear. To do this, take a large piece of cotton wool, close the sore ear entirely and press it tightly on top, tying a scarf or putting on a tight-fitting headdress. Since the pain increases in a horizontal position, you need to lie on high pillows.

Prevention

In the prevention of otitis media, timely and competent treatment of inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract (rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, tracheitis), timely access to qualified medical care, and adherence to the recommendations of an ENT doctor are of great importance.

Acute otitis media is a signal of the need to urgently consult a doctor! Acute ear pain cannot be tolerated, it can cause deafness! Chronic otitis media is less pronounced, but also very dangerous! Otitis media does not go away on its own, after otitis media, the patient’s hearing may disappear forever, therefore, at the first signs of the disease, an urgent need to consult a specialist!

how to provide first aid if a cockroach “shoots” or climbed inside

Ears should be washed with soap and water every morning.Otherwise, sulfur will begin to accumulate in the ear canal and some harmful microbes will definitely settle.

The doctor looks at the ear

Washing ears against germs and wax

Do not clean your ears with hard objects: the ear canal is very tortuous and easily injured, resulting in bleeding. And if you “climb” even deeper, you can accidentally pierce the eardrum. An infection will enter through the hole and inflammation of the middle ear will begin – otitis media.And at the site of the hole, a scar is subsequently formed, which sharply reduces hearing.

After bathing, remove water from the ears

After bathing or bathing, it is imperative to remove any water that has entered the ear. Inflammation of the outer ear caused by stagnant water is what doctors call “swimmer’s ear.” Water can be easily removed by tilting your head to your shoulder and shaking it sharply. Or by covering your ear with your hand and making a few quick taps. The vacuum created will help the water flow out. If these measures do not help, then immediately after bathing, hydrogen peroxide or a diluted solution of table vinegar should be instilled into the ear.And for small children, it is better to cover their ears with a cotton swab before bathing.

Care for pierced ears

Newly pierced ears require special care: for three days, in the morning and in the evening, it is necessary to rinse the earlobe with a solution of hydrogen peroxide. Some doctors advise applying an antibacterial ointment. But if the lobe suddenly turns red and starts to hurt, the earrings should be removed and immediately consult a doctor.

Ear pain often occurs with Eustachitis, an inflammation of the Eustachian tube that begins after a severe runny nose.Children especially often suffer from it, because their pipe is narrow and short. So that the inflammation does not “migrate” to the middle ear, it is enough to instill vasoconstrictor drops in the nose like:

• “Glazolina”,
• Otrivina.

Young children have another prerequisite for otitis media: when they regurgitate, milk can enter the same Eustachian tube. But regurgitation is easy to prevent – after each feeding, you need to hold the baby in an upright position and wait for the air to come out of the stomach.Older children like to listen to music through headphones. It is, of course, very convenient, but not harmless. A sound source located directly in the ear causes a strong vibration in the eardrum.

Ear shoots: what to do?

If the affected ear does not allow you to sleep, you should lie on the healthy side – this will reduce the pain. But if pus is released from the ear, then for its better outflow it is necessary to sleep on the sore side. Many people cover their ear with a piece of cotton wool, sometimes forgetting to change it. This cannot be done: the cotton wool soaked in pus hardens and interferes with the further outflow of fluid.

Before medication is injected into a sore ear, it must be thoroughly cleaned of secretions. Do this with a cotton swab. Most often, doctors prescribe ear drops, which should be warmed up to 37 degrees in a glass of warm water. Cold drops can cause pain and dizziness.

• The head is tilted to the opposite shoulder or the patient is placed on a healthy side.
• The ear is pulled back and up.
• Drops must run down the wall of the ear canal to avoid hitting the eardrum – this can cause severe pain.

5-6 drops are enough for children, 6-8 drops for adults.

The medicine will penetrate deeply faster if you press the tragus with your finger. After the procedure, it would be good to lie down for about fifteen minutes so that the drug seeps through the eardrum.

Ear

Occasionally it is necessary to blow medicated powder into the ear. This can be done with a regular rubber bulb. The ointment is injected into the ear using a cotton swab, which is left on for no more than twenty minutes. The compress is applied to the ear according to the well-known rules: first, a layer of gauze soaked in alcohol, then a layer of cotton wool and cellophane.But all layers must be cut in half lengthwise so that the auricle can be threaded.

How to get rid of sulfur plug at home

Sulfur plugs are usually removed by a doctor by washing. But you can try to get rid of the cork with home remedies. To do this, drip into the ear:

• hydrogen peroxide,
• baking soda solution, heated to 37 degrees.

These substances saponify the sulfur plug and loosen it, after which it often comes out on its own.

First aid for ear trauma

In case of injury, when blood flows from the ear, a gauze napkin is applied to it and covered with a thick layer of cotton wool. Fix the bandage with a bandage or a regular scarf.

If an insect flew into the ear

And if an insect has flown into your ear and you just can’t get it, drop some vegetable oil inside – it will force the unexpected guest to leave the shelter he likes. If the insect has already died, then it will shrink and easily be removed along with the oil.

Disclaimer : This content, including advice, provides general information only. This is in no way a substitute for a qualified medical report. Always consult a specialist or your healthcare professional for more information.

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Home doctor: Ear diseases

90,000 Oops! Ear aches!!! (what to do with otitis media)

In case of otitis media (an inflammatory disease of the outer and / or middle ear), it is necessary to urgently consult an ENT doctor and carry out all his appointments. Although the proverbial expression “take care of it like the apple of your eye!”, Hearing is no less important feeling for a person, and you need to take care of your ears, the organ of hearing, just as vigilantly.

In the treatment of otitis media, a mandatory component is to ensure free nasal breathing: vasoconstrictor drops in the nose are required to relieve edema, and a toilet of the nasal passages is required to free the nasal passages from mucus. Today pharmacies offer a good range of sprays for this purpose: irrigate the nasal cavity abundantly, and then blow your nose (for babies who have not yet mastered blowing their nose, a nasal aspirator is suitable – the OtrivinBaby system. I do not recommend using a rubber bulb!)

At high temperatures, you cannot do a warming compress on the ear, and in general – any thermal procedures for otitis media can be performed only as directed by a doctor.At the same time, the ears should be warm, you will have to put a scarf / cap on your head.

In the presence of discharge from the ear canal (suppuration), after conducting a thorough toilet (the doctor shows and explains, be careful!), As a rule, medicinal drops (except alcohol) are applied by the injection method – according to the doctor’s recommendation. Before carrying out it, vasoconstrictor drops must be instilled into the nose: the patient lies on his side, the drops are instilled into the half of the nose on which side he lies, and after 5-10 minutes, you need to turn on the other side and drip the drops into the second half of the nose.After 5-10 minutes, you can apply the injection method: lie on the side opposite the diseased ear, drip a few drops of the medicine into the ear canal, and press your finger several times on the ear tragus so that the tragus covers the ear canal (i.e., inject the medicine into middle ear). After a few seconds, the patient may feel that fluid has entered the throat.

It is not recommended to bathe a child during a period of high temperature and to walk with him. Take a hygienic shower, and so that water does not get into the sore ear, cover it with a cotton swab dipped in sterile petroleum jelly.

After recovery, it is necessary to undergo tympanometry every time to make sure that the auditory tubes are fully restored and that the baby’s hearing does not suffer! After all, hearing loss in one ear is completely imperceptible even for the most attentive parents!

Otitis media likes to recur, therefore, even after a single episode with sore ears, special care and attention to the child is needed with EACH ARI. In the first days of a runny nose, it is necessary to restore free nasal breathing with the help of good vasoconstrictor drops (from 6 years old – sprays) and frequent rinsing of the nasal cavity – this is the prevention of recurrent otitis media! The main criterion that a person’s nose and auditory tube are functioning normally (which means that the risk of otitis media is extremely low): when the nose is clamped, when making a swallowing movement, there is a distinct pop / click in the ear.If this feeling is gone – alarm! Urgently rush to the ENT doctor!

Take care of your ears when you are young!

Gritsal Nadezhda Yurievna, otorhinolaryngologist

How to quickly relieve pain, how to rinse, what pills to drink?

How to identify a disease by symptoms?

For an accurate diagnosis, establishment of the disease, it is necessary to make an X-ray, to carry out a number of other diagnostic procedures.But symptoms can also tell you what the pain is about.

Dead tooth hurts

Sometimes a tooth with a sealed pulp reminds of itself with unpleasant sensations. Most often, this occurs when chewing. It may not be just a feeling of a newly “grown” tooth and pain. The cause may be a poorly healed root canal. Or the penetration of pathogens into it. The bacteria destroy the ligaments that hold the tooth, which leads to loosening and subsequent loss.

Tooth hurts after extraction

After tooth extraction, painful sensations do not leave the oral cavity for 2-4 days. This is normal. If the period of painful sensations is significantly longer, pathogenic bacteria have penetrated into the gum. The next stage will be inflammation. You should consult a doctor, inflammation must be eliminated in the initial stages.

Reacts to cold, hot, sweet, sour

The most common reason for a reaction to a temperature drop, sweet or sour, is caries.It is important to carefully examine the tooth and consult a dentist. Early treatment is less painful and difficult. If discomfort is present after filling, then this phenomenon is the first 5-7 days after the installation of the filling is the norm.

It hurts with a cold

There can be several reasons for the painful sensations of the teeth with a cold. This may be due to damage to the sinuses. Sputum appears under the influence of microorganisms. It blocks the access of air to the channels of the nasal sinus.Which causes increased pressure on the upper jaw. If any one tooth hurts, the cause may be periodontitis.

It hurts at night

Toothache often occurs “on schedule.” For example, during the day it does not bother or is very weakly felt. But with the onset of night it intensifies, does not allow sleep. In 90% of cases, it is pulpitis. It occurs when a tooth is seriously damaged by caries. From the affected cavity, microbes enter the pulp chamber, which causes inflammation.

A hole in the tooth formed and it hurts

When a hole is formed in a tooth, it is very easy to determine the cause.In 100% of cases it is caries. Moreover, the occurrence of pain means that it is rapidly progressing and the hard tissues of the tooth are seriously damaged. In case of untimely access to the dentist, pulpitis may occur, the appointment of tooth extraction. Timely treatment will minimize the painful sensations from the procedure.

It hurts when pressed, pressed

The sensitivity of the tooth to touch indicates the onset of inflammatory processes. They are caused by bacteria.The reason for this may be the consumption of a large amount of sugar-containing foods, poor oral hygiene. Painful sensations when pressed are symptoms of many diseases, such as periodontitis. Also, the reason may be incorrect installation of the seal.

It hurts and radiates to the ear, nose, temple

Pain is given to the ear, temple, nose – the cause may be a recent tooth extraction. Such sensations are a consequence of damage to the trigeminal nerve. Diseases of the teeth can cause severe headaches.Eyes are especially at risk. Often the cause of these symptoms is pulpitis in one of the last stages.

Filled tooth hurts

Pain after filling a tooth is normal. If several weeks have passed since the installation of the filling, but the pain has not disappeared, you need to go to the dentist again. The filling is not installed correctly, there is a gap between the material, the walls of the tooth. The root canal is damaged by pathogens.The result can be complete destruction of the tooth from the inside.

Gums hurt

Painful sensations in the gums – a reason to carefully examine the oral cavity. The cause may be gingivitis, stomatitis. Inflammatory processes must be stopped as soon as possible. Another reason is the formation of tartar on the border of the enamel and gums. This leads to a deepening of the gingival pocket. Which also causes inflammation. All this can lead to tooth decay.

Jaw hurts

The most common cause of pain in the jaw is mechanical damage.They arise in the process of tooth extraction and other surgical operations. If such were not carried out, there is no mechanical damage – the cause may be an inflammation of the tooth roots. As a result – their weakening, loosening. If you do not go to the dentist in time, the tooth will fall out.

Tooth root hurts

Inflammation may be the cause of painful sensations. It occurs due to infection. It is important to seek advice as quickly as possible. Often, pain at the root is a symptom of granulomas – a small purulent focus at the base of the root.It squeezes blood vessels, nerves. Another cause may be a cyst. In some cases, surgical intervention is required.

Wisdom tooth hurts

Inflammation of the “hood” often becomes the cause. This is the case with the growth of a tooth when it erupts through the mucous membrane. Conditions favorable for inflammation arise under it. The disease is called pericoronitis. In especially difficult cases, the tooth can begin to decay even before it cuts through the gum membrane. It is important to consult a dentist in advance and have an X-ray done.

Tooth blackened, darkened, stain formed

Sometimes this happens when using low-quality fillings – which include tin. The use of materials for filling stored in conditions that do not comply with the rules also cause darkening. Changes in the color of the enamel are often a consequence of the dying off of the pulp. Also, the type of food used affects the color. For example, coffee, red wine, and some other foods and beverages may discolor the enamel.

The tooth was injured, a piece broke off

Teeth are used to chew hard foods. As a result of mechanical damage, injury can occur, even chipping off of a part of the enamel. In this case, it is necessary to install a crown, an onlay. Otherwise, a caries focus will form at the site of damage. It is important to see your dentist in a timely manner.

The tooth is loose

If the molars are loose, there is a certain backlash, but there are no symptoms of any diseases, then periodontal disease may be the cause.This disease is not inflammatory, unlike periodontitis. Moreover, periodontal disease can develop over the course of many years – slowly but imperceptibly destroying the entire jaw apparatus. Another cause of loose teeth is osteoporosis (bone resorption). If you do not go to the doctor with this symptom in time, over time all the teeth will simply fall out.

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