Methylcobalamin Side Effects: Common, Severe, Long Term

Applies to methylcobalamin: injection solution, injection solution reconstituted

Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on Nov 9, 2020.

What are some side effects that I need to call my doctor about right away?

WARNING/CAUTION: Even though it may be rare, some people may have very bad and sometimes deadly side effects when taking a drug. Tell your
doctor or get medical help right away if you have any of the following signs or symptoms that may be related to a very bad side effect:

All products:

• Signs of an allergic reaction, like rash; hives; itching; red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever; wheezing;
  tightness in the chest or throat; trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking; unusual hoarseness; or swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue,
  or throat.

Shot:

• Shortness of breath.
• Very bad dizziness or passing out.

What are some other side effects of this drug?

All drugs may cause side effects. However, many people have no side effects or only have minor side effects. Call your doctor or get medical
help if any of these side effects or any other side effects bother you or do not go away:

Tablet:

• Upset stomach.
• Diarrhea.
• Not hungry.

These are not all of the side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, call your doctor. Call your doctor for medical
advice about side effects.

More about methylcobalamin

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Further information

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.

Some side effects may not be reported. You may report them to the FDA.

Medical Disclaimer

Potential Benefits of Methylcobalamin: A Review

Austin J Pharmacol Ther.
2015; 3(3).1076.

*Corresponding author: : Jeetendra Kumar Gupta,
Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical
Research, GLA University Mathura, India

Received: August 17, 2015; Accepted: September 30,
2015; Published: October 08, 2015

Abstract

Methylcobalamin is an active form of vitamin B₁₂ that helps in synthesis
of methionine and S-adenosylmethionine. It is required for integrity of myelin,
neuronal function, proper red blood cell formation and DNA synthesis. The largest
group of vitamin B₁₂ deficiency is found in typical vegetarians all over the world,
which can be alleviated with its analogue Methylcobalamin. It is a beneficial
drug to most of the common disorders like cardiovascular disorders, diabetes,
anemia, hyperhomocysteinemia and degenerative disorders. Methylcobalamin
helps in the synthesis of neuronal lipids, regeneration of axonal nerves and has
neuroprotective activity, which promote neurons to function in proper way and
thus improves Alzheimer disease, Parkinsonism, Dementia and neuropathic
syndromes. It is an approved treatment for peripheral neuropathy.

Keywords: Mecobalamin; Neuropathy; Anemia; Nootropic; Dietary
supplement

Abbreviations

SAMe: S-Adenosyl Methionine; ERK: Extracellular Signal-
Regulated Kinases; PKB: Protein Kinase B; B-globulin: Beta Globulin;
ENFD: Epidermal Nerve Fiber Density; DPN: Diabetic Peripheral
Neuropathy; NSAIDs: Non Steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs; THF:
Tetrahydrofolate; BHMT: Betaine Homocysteine Methyltransferase.

Introduction

Methylcobalamin is a potent and active form of vitamin
cyanocobalamin. It plays a key role in maintaining good health.
Dietary cobalamin deficiency causes many serious health problems.
The commonest are blood deficiency, depression, irritability and
psychosis. The long term deficiency of vitamin B₁₂ substance can
lead to hyperhomocysteinemia and finally cardiovascular disorder.
In today’s world, healthcare plays an important role in our personal
lives. This merges a huge responsibility for improving and saving
thousand lives on earth. Despite having incredible improvements in
health since 1950, there are number of challenges which have to be
solved. Each year 36 million deaths are caused by non communicable
diseases such as hyperhomocysteinemia, cancer, chronic lung disease,
anemia, diabetes and almost 17.5 millions died from cardiovascular
disease in 2005 [1].

Folate and vitamin B₁₂ are essential nutrients which are not
synthesized in humans and whose deficiency is considered as heath
problem worldwide such as anemia and neuronal dysfunction.
Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency is observed more in elderly and pregnant
women. Methylcobalamin (commonly known as mecobalamin or
methyl B₁₂) is an analog of vitamin B₁₂ which treats or prevents the
pathology arising from the deficiency of vitamin B₁₂. It contains
methyl alkyl bonds and is different from cyanocobalamin because
it contains cynide [2]. It has an octahedral cobalt (III) center and is
produced in laboratory by reducing cyanocobalamin with sodium
borohydride in alkaline solution which is followed by the addition of
methyl iodide. Methylcobalamin (5 mg, 60 mg vegetarian lozenges) is
active in the central nervous system outside the mitochondrion and is essential for cell growth and replication. Sometimes the liver cannot
convert cyanocobalamin into adequate amount of methylcobalamin
needed for proper neuronal functioning. Through enhanced
methylation, it exerts its nerve cell protective effect and accelerates
its growth. A lot of energy is required for cyanocobalamin to remove
its cyanide and replaces it with methyl group [3]. Methylcobalamin
is the only form of vitamin B₁₂ that can cross the blood brain
barrier without biotransformation. Its methyl group stimulates
serotonin creation, a neurotransmitter which is responsible for
mood enhancement and protects the brain from damage against
excitotoxins. High homocysteine level is the main culprit for brain,
vascular diseases, stokes risk and causes sclerosis in the arteries.
Methlcobalamine converts homocysteine to methionine and reduces
the potential to damage. It also forms adenosylcobalamine, the other
form of vitamin B₁₂ for mitochondrial energy production. Along
with methylcobalamin, 5 methyltetrahydrofolate is also an important
element to eliminate homocysteine. Vitamin supplements reduce the
chances of building homocysteine associated with stress. Sublingual
absorption of methylcobalamin has become very popular because it
can be easily absorbed with better bioavailability. It also increases
the available amount of SAMe (S- adenosylmethionine), which acts
as a mood enhancer and works as an effective alternative to tricyclic
antidepressant [4].

Therapeutic use of Methylcobalamine

Methylcobalamin is used in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy,
degenerative disorders and in the preliminary treatment of
amyotropic lateral sclerosis. It has been used to treat some nutrition
based disease such as dementia, rheumatoid arthritis and exerts
neuronal protection by promoting regeneration to injured nerves. It
antagonizes the glutamate induced neurotoxicity and also manifests
analgesic effects. It alleviates pain behavior in diabetic neuropathy,
low back pain, neuralgia and promotes nerve conduction. It helps the
body to use fats and carbohydrates for energy.

Oral administration of 500 mcg three times daily for four weeks
results in improvement of peripheral neuropathy and it produces very significant effect after 12 weeks of treatment [5]. An improvement in
vibration sense, lower motor neuron weakness and sensitivity to pain
is also observed. It also improves visual function in Bell’s palsy, sleep
wake rhythm disorder [6].

Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Price, Composition, Precautions & More

What is Mecobalamin?

• Mecobalamin is a nutrient supplement used to treat vitamin B12 deficiency. Lack of Vitamin B12 can cause anaemia and nerve damage.
• The primary ingredient of Mecobalamin is “Methylcobalamin” which is the active and potent form of vitamin B12.
• Mecobalamin is available in two forms:
• Tablet
• Injection

Save using: Pharmeasy Promo Code | Myra Medicines Promo Code

Uses of Mecobalamin

• Megaloblastic anaemia (deficiency of folic acid and vitamin B12)
• Pernicious anaemia
• Peripheral neuropathy (numbness and pain due to nerve damage especially of hands and feet)
• Diabetic neuropathy
• Alcoholic neuropathy

Know more: Klacid Uses

How does Mecobalamin work?

• Methylcobalamin, the primary ingredient of Mecobalamin is necessary for production and maturation of red blood cells.
• It also helps in normal protein synthesis and protects the integrity of nerve cells and encourages their normal growth.
• Thus lack of Vitamin B12 can cause anaemia (due to lack of/defective RBC production and maturation) and neuropathy (nerve damage).

Read more: Famotin Composition

How to Take Mecobalamin?

• When taken in tablet form, Mecobalamin is well absorbed orally and may be taken with or without food or as advised. For patients with gastric problems, it is better to take it after food.
• Mecobalamin tablets and vials are susceptible to photolysis. Light decreases the content of methylcobalamin. Thus Mecobalamin tablets and vials should not be exposed to direct light and should be used immediately after.

Common Dosage for Mecobalamin?

• The usual recommended dosage for adults is 3 tablets (1500mcg of Vitamin B12) daily divided into three doses.
• When given in injection form, the usual dose for adults – 1 ampule (500mcg of vitamin B12) daily administered IM or IV three times a week.
• Mecobalamin should not be used aimlessly for more than one month if it is not effective in alleviating symptoms.

Read more: Decolgen Dosage

When to Avoid Mecobalamin?

Mecobalamin should be avoided or used with caution in:

• Patients with allergy to Methylcobalamin

Know more: Fybogel Precaution | Lopamide Precaution

Side-effects of Mecobalamin?

• Majority of the patients do not show any side effects with methylcobalamin therapy. However, few patients reported  side effects include:
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhoea
• Loss of appetite
• Itching/rash
• Headache
• In addition it may cause some other allergic or unwanted effects. In such cases, seek medical attention immediately.

Effect on organs?

• No adverse effects reported on any organs.

Reported Allergic Reactions?

• Report to your doctor if you are allergic to any of its ingredients.
• Signs of allergic reaction include:
• Rashes/itching of skin
• Shortness of breath
• Swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat
• Decrease in blood pressure
• Loss of consciousness

Drug Interactions to Be Careful About

• All the possible drug interactions might not be listed here. It is always advised that the patient must inform the physician about all the drugs/over the counter products/vitamin supplements being used.
• Mecobalamin may interact with the following drugs and products:
• Alcohol
• Omeprazole
• Neomycin
• Colchicines
• Chloramphenicol
• Ranitidine

Shows Effects / Results In:

• The peak effect of Mecobalamin can be achieved after 3 hours of oral administration.

Storage of Mecobalamin

• Storage at room temperature away from direct sunlight and heat as it is sensitive to photolysis.
• Keep medicines away from children and pets.

Pro Tips When Taking Mecobalamin

• The dosage/frequency of uptake of Mecobalamin may increase in severe alcoholics as alcohol interferes with absorption of vitamin B12.
• In cases of pernicious and megaloblastic anaemia where Vitamin B12 is deficient, folic acid therapy has to be supplemented with Vitamin B12 therapy for proper treatment.

Also check out: Jointace Dn Price

Frequently asked questions

Is Mecobalamin addictive?

Can I have Mecobalamin with alcohol?

• Consumption of alcohol is not recommended when on Mecobalamin therapy as it may interfere with absorption of vitamin B12 from intestine

Any particular food item to be avoided?

• No alteration in its action seen with any food product.

Can I have Mecobalamin when pregnant?

• Mecobalamin can be administered in pregnant ladies if the benefits outweigh the risks.

Can I have Mecobalamin when feeding a baby?

• Mecobalamin is safe to administer in lactating women.

Can I drive after taking Mecobalamin?

• Mecobalamin doesn’t affect one’s ability to drive. However, if someone experiences side effects like headache or dizziness then it may not be advisable to drive a vehicle and operate heavy machinery while on this medication.

What happens if I overdose on Mecobalamin?

• It should not be administered in more than prescribed dose. Taking more medication or with increased frequency will not improve your symptoms faster.

What happens if I take expired Mecobalamin?

• Taking a single expired dose may not cause any major adverse effect. However, the potency of the medicine reduces after expiry date.

What happens if I miss a dose of Mecobalamin?

• Always consume the missed dose as soon as you remember it. But, if it’s already time to take the second dose after that – do not take double dose.

Similar Reads

Methycobal 500 MCG Injection (1) – Uses, Side Effects, Dosage, Composition & Price

Medical Description

Methycobal injection is used to treat vitamin B12 deficiency, anaemia and a painful nerve disease called peripheral neuropathy. Methycobal injection contains Mecobalamin or Methylcobalamin also known

as vitamin B12. It helps in red blood cell formation, cell metabolism, nerve function and the production of DNA. This medicine will be given in the hospital by your doctor or nurse as an injection. Do not self-inject it.

…

Read more

Uses of Methycobal Inj 1ml

Methycobal injection is used to treat vitamin B12 deficiency and megaloblastic anaemia (a blood disorder caused due to deficiency of vitamin B12). It is used in the treatment of painful nerve disease

called peripheral neuropathy.

…

Read more

Contraindications of Methycobal Inj 1ml

• If you are allergic to Mecobalamin or any other ingredients of Methycobal injection.

• If you are suffering from any type of kidney disease.

• If you have or have ever had Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (slow, painless loss of vision, first in one eye and then in the other eye).

Side effects of Methycobal Inj 1ml

Precautions and Warnings of Methycobal Inj 1ml

Pregnancy

Q:

Can I take Methycobal injection during pregnancy?

A:

Your doctor may advise you oral supplements containing vitamin B12 and folic acid during pregnancy. Methycobal injection shall be given by your doctor in pregnancy only if essential. Safety in pregnancy is not known.

Breast Feeding

Q:

Can I take Methycobal injection while breastfeeding?

A:

Components of the Methycobal injection pass into the breastmilk and is unlikely to harm a nursing infant when used in recommended doses. However, consult a doctor before using this injection while breastfeeding.

Driving

Q:

Can I drive if I have taken Methycobal injection?

A:

Yes, you can drive if you don’t experience any side effects with Methycobal injection.

Alcohol

Q:

Can I consume alcohol with Methycobal injection?

A:

Regular consumption of alcohol decreases vitamin B12 absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Decreased vitamin B12 levels lead to Hence, it is better to avoid.

Other General Warnings

Talk to your doctor if

• You have any existing medical condition like diabetes, hypertension, kidney or liver problem.

• You are on other medications, supplements or following any complementary or integrative health approaches.

• You have an eye disorder called Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (slow and painless loss of vision).

• You consume alcohol in excess regularly, your doctor may monitor your vitamin B12 levels to check the progress of treatment.

• You develop an allergic reaction after taking the Methycobal injection.

Mode of Action of Methycobal Inj 1ml

How Does It Work?

Vitamin B12 is needed for the formation of red blood cells in the body and their growth. It helps in the absorption of folic acid and carbohydrates from food. It is essential for keeping our nerves he

althy. Due to deficiency of vitamin B12, anaemia occurs. It can damage nerves leading to peripheral neuropathy. Methycobal Injection helps replenish this deficiency.

…

Read more

Directions for Use of Methycobal Inj 1ml

• Methycobal injection will be given to you as an injection by a doctor or nurse in a hospital or clinic.

• Be careful of any instruction given during the administration and aftercare. Do not self inject.

Interactions of Methycobal Inj 1ml

Interactions with other medicines

• Medicines like Aminosalicylic acid, Chloramphenicol, Colchicine, histamine-2 antagonists, Neomycin and proton pump inhibitors (e. g. Pantoprazole) can decrease the absorption of Mecobalamin.

• Oral contraceptives can decrease the action of Mecobalamin by reducing its concentration in the body.

• Folic acid when taken in a larger dose for a prolonged duration can impair the therapeutic response of Mecobalamin.

• You should always tell the doctor if you are taking any other medicines, herbal preparation and supplements to avoid any interaction.

Storage and disposal of Methycobal Inj 1ml

• Store Methycobal injection under the conditions mentioned on the pack.

• Keep out of the reach of children and pets.

• Do not keep the medicine when it is no longer needed or expired.

Dosage of Methycobal Inj 1ml

Overdose

You are less likely to get an overdose of Methycobal injection as it is given to you by a doctor or nurse in a clinic or hospital. Please inform the doctor if you feel any discomfort immediately after

the administration of this injection.

…

Read more

Missed a Dose

The chances of missing a dose of Methycobal injection are rare as you will be monitored closely by a healthcare professional. In case they happen to miss a dose, please inform them.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q: What is the difference between Mecobalamin and Methylcobalamin?

A: Both Methylcobalamin and Mecobalamin are the same. They contain cobalamin, which is a form of vitamin B12.

Q: Is Methycobal injection OTC medicine?

A: No, Methycobal injection has to be taken only under the supervision of a doctor. It is a prescription medicine.

Q: Can I take Methycobal tablets instead of injection?

A: Based on the severity of your disease or deficiency, your doctor shall prescribe you appropriate injection or tablet. In case of severe deficiencies, injection shall be given.

Q: What is the dosage of Methycobal Injection?

A: The dosage is based on your underlying medical condition, response to treatment and vitamin B12 tests report.

Q: What are the natural sources of vitamin B12?

• Animal products such as fish, meat, poultry, eggs, milk and milk products contain vitamin B12 naturally

• Plant foods do not contain vitamin B12 but fortified breakfast cereals are a source of vitamin B12 with high bioavailability for vegetarians

• Some nutritional yeast products also contain vitamin B12

Q: Is vitamin B12 deficiency common in vegetarians?

A: Strict vegetarians are at a higher risk of developing vitamin B12 deficiency.

Q: What are the causes of vitamin B12 deficiency?

A: Vitamin B12 deficiency can be due to various reasons such as improper diet or diet deficient in vitamin B12, poor absorption from the intestine, certain disorders of intestine and surgeries which can impact absorption of this vitamin.

Q: How long does it take for vitamin B12 supplements to work?

• Usually, it takes 48 to 72 hours for brisk production of new red blood cells

• Once B12 reserves reach normal levels, injections can be taken every one to three months to prevent symptoms from returning

Q: Can low vitamin B12 cause weight gain?

A: There’s hardly any evidence to suggest that it has any influence on weight gain or loss.

Q: What are the risk factors for vitamin B12 deficiency?

• Certain prescription medications, including antacids and anti-diabetic medicines like metformin can cause vitamin B12 deficiency

• An endocrine-related autoimmune disorder, such as thyroid disease or diabetes

• Eating a vegetarian or vegan diet and excessive consumption of alcohol

• Certain gastrointestinal disorders, such as Crohn’s disease or Gastric bypass surgery or removal of part of the stomach

Q: What are the complications of anaemia?

• Brain related disorders such as anxiety, depression, irritability and even poor concentration and general restlessness

• Heart and blood-related problems, increased risk of infections, improper growth in children and complication during pregnancy

Q: How can I prevent anaemia?

• If you are a strict vegetarian, take vitamin B12 supplements.

• If you have medical conditions like bleeding in the digestive tract, urinary tract or heavy menstrual bleeding, consult your doctor.

• Include vitamin C, iron and vitamin B12 rich foods in the diet.

• Avoid excessive intake of tea or coffee.

Methylcobalamin – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Methylcobalamin drug information | DrugsUpdate India

See Available Brands of Methylcobalamin in India

Methylcobalamin, an analogue of vitamin B12, is prescribed for the prevention and treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency, memory loss, psoriasis, pernicious anemia, homocysteinemia, atopic dermatitis and age-related macular degeneration.

Methylcobalamin is either prescribed as a monotherapy or as a combined therapy with other nutritional supplements including pyridoxine, folic acid and avocado oil.

Pharmacodynamics

No information available

Pharmacokinetics

No information available

Methylcobalamin Indications / Methylcobalamin Uses

No information available

Methylcobalamin Adverse Reactions / Methylcobalamin Side Effects

No significant adverse events were reported with Methylcobalamin use. In certain individuals, Methylcobalamin can cause serious allergic reactions, diarrhoea, thrombosis, anaphylactic reactions and urticaria. Methylcobalamin topical applications are found to be safe in psoriasis patients.

Precautions

Methylcobalamin is contraindicated in patients with polycythemia rubra vera, megaloblastic anemia, cobalt or cobalamin allergy and Leber’s disease.

Special Precautions

No information available

Other Drug Interactions

Methylcobalamin may interact with chloramphenicol and cause aplastic syndrome.

Other Interactions

No information available

Dosage

Oral formulations:
The recommended adult oral dosage of Methylcobalamin is 1-25 mcg/day and based on the recommended dietary allowance (RDAs) in accordance with age.
For pernicious anemia/B12 deficiency (Adults):
Consider administration of 300-10, 000 mcg/day. The evidential, effective dose is 647-1032 mcg/day.

For homocysteinemia (Adults):
Consider administration of 500 mcg of Methylcobalamin in combination with pyridoxine and folic acid.

Prophylaxis of age-related macular degeneration (Adults):
Consider administration of 1 mg of Methylcobalamin with pyridoxine and folic acid.

For atopic dermatitis (Adults):
As a topical application, apply 0.07% Methylcobalamin cream twice daily.

For treatment of Psoriasis (Adults):
Apply 0.7 mg of Methylcobalamin with avocado oil for 12 weeks, twice daily.

Food(before/after)

Methylcobalamin can be taken before or after food intake

List of Contraindications

Methylcobalamin and Pregnancy

In recommended doses, Methylcobalamin is likely safe during pregnancy.

Methylcobalamin and Lactation

In recommended doses, Methylcobalamin is likely safe during lactation.

Methylcobalamin and Children

The dosage and duration should be based on the patient’s condition and requirement

Methylcobalamin and Geriatic

No information available

Methylcobalamin and Other Contraindications

No information available

Storage

No information available

Lab interference

No information available

Are There Any Side Effects of Taking a B12 1000 Supplement Daily?

Taking a B12 1000 supplement may cause side effects such as diarrhea or stomach upset.

Image Credit: skaman306/Moment/GettyImages

Vitamin B12, or cobalamin, is needed for metabolic functions such as red blood cell production and for aid in protein synthesis. Though it’s best to avoid excessive doses of any vitamin, certain situations may justify a daily B12 supplement. High doses are generally safe, but side effects are possible, so check with your doctor before adding B12 to your regimen.

Tip

High doses of B12 supplements may lead to side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or weakness. Consult with your doctor before adding any supplements to your diet.

How Much Do I Need?

According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the daily value for B12 is 2.4 micrograms for adults. Pregnant women should strive for 2.6 micrograms daily, and lactating mothers should get 2.8 micrograms. You might surmise that taking a daily dose of 1,000 micrograms of B12 would represent 417 percent of your recommended daily amount. However, the National Institutes of Health reports that only about 20 micrograms of B12 from a 1,000-microgram oral supplement would be absorbed by your body. And, because vitamin B12 is water soluble, it doesn’t generally stay in your body for long. Any excess is excreted through your urine.

If the vitamin B12 1,000 that you’re taking is in the form of a timed-release capsule, such as Nature Made B12, it will dissolve much more slowly in your digestive system. The vitamin will be released incrementally into your bloodstream and be absorbed over an extended period of time, eliminating the chance that it will be excreted from your body, according to Vitamin Insight.

Read more: List of Foods High in Vitamin B12

Who Should Take B12 Supplements?

Although most people get enough vitamin B12 from food, certain situations may require B12 supplementation. According to the National Institutes of Health, these include:

• People who take certain medications that
  interfere with vitamin absorption
• Strict vegetarians or vegans
• Drug or alcohol
  abusers
• Those with pancreatic cancer or gastrointestinal disorders
• Individuals
  recovering from surgery
• Pregnant or lactating women
• Older people with digestive tract conditions or low levels of stomach acid
• Those who have pernicious anemia

Read more: The Best Way to Take Vitamin B12 Supplements

Side Effects From Supplementation

The most common form of B12 supplements, such as Nature Made B12 1000, is cyanocobalamin which is chemically synthesized. If you’re prescribed a high-dose vitamin B12 supplement to treat a deficiency, some side effects from this type of supplement, according to RX List, may include:

• Diarrhea
• Nausea or upset stomach
• Itching or rash
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Weakness
• Numbness or tingling
• Fever
• Joint pain
• A feeling of swelling all over the body

Cyanocobalamin B12 supplements may cause low levels of potassium in the blood. Consult your doctor if you experience muscle cramps or irregular heartbeat after taking vitamin B12.

Excess B12 Risk in Pregnancy

Although folate is a necessary nutrient during pregnancy, women should be cautious about taking high doses that can negatively influence a newborn baby’s neurological development. A 2016 study by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that pregnant women with excessive B12 levels were three times more likely to deliver a baby with autism than women with normal levels.

B12 Interactions With Medications

The Mayo Clinic warns that some prescription medications have the potential to decrease the absorption of vitamin B12 in your body. These include:

• Proton-pump inhibitors, which are often used to treat acid
  reflux
• Drugs for peptic ulcer and acid reflux, including
  Pepcid, Zantac and Tagamet, when taken for a prolonged period of time
• Hypoglycemic medication — metformin, used to treat
  Type 2 diabetes
• Bacteriostatic antibiotics, such as Chloromycetin, which may inhibit red blood cell response to vitamin B12
• Aminosalicylic acid, used for digestive problems
• The anti-inflammatory drug colchicine, used to prevent and treat gout attacks
• Vitamin C supplements, which should be taken two or more hours after taking vitamin B12 to avoid interaction

Read more: Does Sublingual B12 Really Work?

90,000 website for online appointments with doctors, analysis and booking procedures.

Methidone®

N

A

V

AND

G

A

C

AND

I

Trade name of the preparation : Methidone®
(Methydon)

Active ingredients : Methylcobolamin *

Pharmacotherapeutic group : Vitamins., Vitamins.

Release form :

10 tablets in a blister, 3 or 10 blisters in a cardboard box together with instructions for medical use.

Dosage form :

Coated tablets 500 μg N30 (3×10), N100 (10×10) (blisters)

Composition :

1 coated tablet contains:
active substance: 500 μg methylcobalamin;
excipients: microcrystalline cellulose (Ph 101, 102), pregelatinized starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone K-30, isopropyl alcohol, colloidal silicon dioxide, purified talc, stearic acid, ethyl cellulose 7 SPC, titanium dioxide, polyethylene glycol, opadiol F50, dichloromethane 03

Pharmacological properties :

Pharmacodynamics
Methylcobalamin is an essential water-soluble B vitamin also known as vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 is essential for nuclear protein and myelin synthesis, cell proliferation, normal growth, and normal erythropoiesis. Vitamin B12 is converted to coenzyme B12, which is essential in the conversion of methyl malonate to succinate and the synthesis of methionine from homocysteine. Vitamin B12 participates in the maintenance of sulfhydryl groups in a reduced form, which are necessary for enzymes involved in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates and protein synthesis.Vitamin B12 is involved in the synthesis of folic acid, so methylcobalamin deficiency leads to its deficiency. Vitamin B12 plays an important role in the demethylation of homocysteine ​​to methionine. Elevated homocysteine ​​levels are always associated with an increased risk of endothelial cell damage, impaired endothelium vasodilation due to decreased nitric oxide activity, increased oxidation and arterial deposition of low density lipoproteins (LDL), increased platelet adhesion, and activation of the coagulation cascade.With the simultaneous intake of vitamin and folic acid, its small additive effect is observed in relation to the reduction of fasting homocysteine ​​levels, but possibly only in people with vitamin B12 deficiency. An increase in homocysteine ​​concentration can be due to other reasons, such as decreased cognitive function, memory impairment, Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia. The methylcobalamin form of vitamin B12 can also affect melatonin levels. Perhaps due to its effects on melatonin, methylcobalamin may improve alertness and help reduce sleep time in people with normal sleep patterns.

Pharmacokinetics :

Vitamin B12 is absorbed through an active transfer mechanism into the terminal ileum. This requires glycoprotein, an intrinsic factor produced in the stomach. At normal stomach pH, ​​vitamin B12 is cleaved from dietary proteins, after which it binds to intrinsic factor and is absorbed in the ileum. Absorption may be delayed due to elevated gastric pH, such as with atrophic gastritis, with acid suppressive drugs, or with partial gastrectomy.B12 has a half-life of 6 hours and is excreted mainly in the bile.

Indications for use :

• Peripheral neuropathy,
• Diabetic neuropathy,
• Alcoholic neuropathy,
• Medication neuropathy,
• Dementia.

Directions for use :

For oral administration, the dosage to achieve a clinical effect is 1500-6000 mcg per day. At dosages in excess of the maximum dose, no significant therapeutic benefits have been identified.Methylcobalamin can be taken orally, intramuscularly, and intravenously.

Side Effects :

In some people, vitamin B12 can cause diarrhea, blood clots, itching, severe allergic reactions and other side effects. Vitamin B12 is safe to use on psoriasis skin.
You may also experience the following side effects:
• irritability
• insomnia
• muscle pain
• sore joints
• acne
• rash
• serious anxiety
• heart palpitations
• nausea
• headache
• migraine

Contraindications :

Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients.

Drug Interactions :

Chloramphenicol
In some clinical cases, it has been observed in patients that chloramphenicol can delay or interrupt the reticulocyte response when supplemented with vitamin B12. Therefore, if this combination cannot be avoided, blood counts must be carefully monitored.
Suction
The following drugs, such as: aminosalicylic acid, antibiotics, colchicine, cholestyramine, H2 blockers, metformin, neomycin, nitrous oxide, oral contraceptives, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, proton pump inhibitor, zidovudine, can reduce the absorption of vitamin B12.

Special instructions :

Should be used with caution by patients with cardiovascular diseases. After coronary stenting, intravenous loading doses of folic acid, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12, followed by daily oral administration, have been found to increase the risk of restenosis (re-narrowing of the blood vessels). Therefore, due to potential harm, this vitamin combination cannot be recommended for patients with coronary stents.Should be used with caution in patients with high blood pressure, as an increase in blood pressure has been reported after intravenous administration of hydrocobalamin.
Application during pregnancy and lactation
For pregnant or breastfeeding women, it is safe to take the recommended oral dosage. It is not recommended to take in large quantities, because the safety of this vitamin intake is not yet known.
Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and control mechanisms
Not found.The drug should not be used after the expiration date and should be kept out of the reach of children.
For pregnant or breastfeeding women, it is safe to take the recommended oral dosage. It is not recommended to take in large quantities, because the safety of this vitamin intake is not yet known.

Overdose :

Treatment should be symptomatic and supportive.

Storage conditions :

Store in original packaging at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C, protected from light and moisture.

Expiration date :

2 years

Vacation conditions :

Without prescription.

Manufacturer :

Kusum Healthcare Pvt. Ltd, India

Descriptions :

brown, standard round biconvex film-coated tablets.

ATX Code:

B03BA05

Methylfolate, Methylcobalamin, and Acetylcysteine ​​| Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

This document, provided by Lexicomp ^® , contains all the information you need to know about the drug, including the indications, route of administration, side effects and when you should contact your healthcare provider.

Trade names: USA

CerefolinNAC; Metafolbic Plus; Metafolbic Plus RF

What is this drug used for?

• Used to improve growth and development.
• This medicinal product may be used for other indications. Consult your doctor.

What should I tell my doctor BEFORE taking this drug?

For all patients taking this drug:

• If you are allergic to this drug, any of its ingredients, other drugs, foods or substances.Tell your doctor about your allergy and how it manifested itself.
• If you have kidney stones, talk to your doctor.
• If you are taking levodopa.
• If you are breastfeeding. Do not breast-feed while taking this drug.

Children:

• If the patient is a child under 12 years of age. Do not give this drug to children younger than 12 years old.

This list of drugs and diseases that may be adversely associated with this drug is not exhaustive.

Tell your doctor and pharmacist about all medicines you take (both prescription and over-the-counter, natural products and vitamins) and your health problems. You need to make sure that this drug is safe for your medical condition and in combination with other drugs you are already taking. Do not start or stop taking any drug or change the dosage without your doctor’s approval.

What do I need to know or do while I am taking this drug?

• Tell all healthcare providers that you are taking this drug. These are doctors, nurses, pharmacists and dentists.
• This drug may interfere with some lab tests. Tell all healthcare providers and lab staff that you are taking this drug.
• If you are allergic to tartrazine, consult your doctor.Some products contain tartrazine.
• If you are taking cholestyramine or colestipol, talk with your pharmacist about how to take them with this drug.
• Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. The benefits and risks of taking this drug during pregnancy will need to be discussed.

What side effects should I report to my doctor immediately?

WARNING. In rare cases, some people with this drug can cause serious and sometimes deadly side effects.Call your healthcare professional or get medical attention right away if you have any of the following signs or symptoms, which may be associated with serious side effects:

• Signs of an allergic reaction such as rash, hives, itching, reddened and swollen skin with blistering or scaling, possibly associated with fever, wheezing or wheezing, tightness in the chest or throat, difficulty breathing, swallowing or speaking, unusual hoarseness, swelling in the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat.
• Back pain, abdominal pain, or blood in the urine. Perhaps these are signs of kidney stones.
• Inflammation.

What are some other side effects of this drug?

Any medicine can have side effects. However, many people have little or no side effects. Call your doctor or get medical help if these or any other side effects bother you or do not go away:

• Nausea or vomiting.
• Diarrhea.
• Headache.

This list of potential side effects is not comprehensive. If you have any questions about side effects, please contact your doctor. Talk to your doctor about side effects.

You can report side effects to the National Health Office.

You can report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088. You can also report side effects at https: // www.fda.gov/medwatch.

What is the best way to take this drug?

Use this drug as directed by your healthcare practitioner. Read all the information provided to you. Follow all instructions strictly.

• Take with or without food. Take with food if the medicine causes nausea.

What to do if a dose of a drug is missed?

• Take the missed dose as soon as you can.
• If it is time for your next dose, do not take the missed dose and then return to your normal dose schedule.
• Do not take 2 doses at the same time or an additional dose.

How do I store and / or discard this drug?

• Store at room temperature.
• Protect from light.
• Store in a dry place. Do not store in the bathroom.
• Store all medicines in a safe place.Keep all medicines out of the reach of children and pets.
• Dispose of unused or expired drugs. Do not empty into toilet or drain unless directed to do so. If you have any questions about the disposal of your medicinal products, consult your pharmacist. Your area may have drug recycling programs.

General information about medicines

• If your health does not improve or even worsens, see your doctor.
• Do not give your medicine to anyone or take other people’s medicines.
• Some medicines may come with other patient information sheets. If you have questions about this drug, talk with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other healthcare professional.
• Some medicines may come with other patient information sheets. Check with your pharmacist. If you have questions about this drug, talk with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other healthcare professional.
• If you think an overdose has occurred, call a Poison Control Center immediately or seek medical attention. Be prepared to tell or show which drug you took, how much and when it happened.

Use of information by the consumer and limitation of liability

This information should not be used to make decisions about taking this or any other drug. Only the attending physician has the necessary knowledge and experience to make decisions about which drugs are suitable for a particular patient.This information does not guarantee that the drug is safe, effective, or approved for the treatment of any disease or specific patient. Here are only brief general information about this drug. It does NOT contain all available information on the possible use of the drug with instructions for use, warnings, precautions, information about interactions, side effects and risks that may be associated with this drug. This information should not be construed as a treatment guide and does not replace information provided to you by your healthcare professional.Please consult your doctor for complete information on the possible risks and benefits of taking this drug. Use of this information is governed by the Lexicomp End User License Agreement available at https://www.wolterskluwer.com/en/solutions/lexicomp/about/eula.

Copyright

© UpToDate, Inc. and its affiliates and / or licensors, 2021. All rights reserved.

90,000 What are the most common methylcobalamin side effects?

Some of the most common side effects of methylcobalamin include itching, rash, or diarrhea.Headache, fever, or vomiting can also occur while taking this supplement. Most of the side effects of methylcobalamin are mild, although a doctor should be consulted if symptoms persist or become particularly unpleasant. Side effects requiring immediate medical attention include back or side pain, difficulty breathing, or swelling of the face. Any individual questions or concerns about the possible side effects of methylcobalamin should be discussed with your doctor or other healthcare professional.

Methylcobalamin, more commonly referred to as vitamin B-12, is naturally found in foods such as meat, dairy and seafood. This vitamin can also be taken as a dietary supplement and is safe for most people as long as the recommended daily amount is not exceeded. In some cases, a person may experience methylcobalamin side effects. Most of these side effects are minor, but medical examination is recommended as some of the potential side effects can be fatal.

Bloating, vomiting, or diarrhea are common side effects of methylcobalamin. While these symptoms can occur at normal doses, they are more common with excessive vitamin B-12 intake. Headaches or low-grade fever can also be a side effect of methylcobalamin intake. A rash that may or may not itch is another potential side effect, although it is more common with cosmetic products such as lotion that contain vitamin B-12 than with an oral supplement.

Anaphylaxis is the medical term used to describe a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that is one of the possible side effects of methylcobalamin. Although a rash is a common side effect of this vitamin, if hives appear or the rash is accompanied by other symptoms, it should be treated as a medical emergency. Chest tightness or discomfort may occur, as well as swelling of the face, lips, or throat.Breathing may become difficult and the patient may become confused or unconscious.

It is important for anyone who is scheduled for a medical procedure such as angioplasty to inform their doctor if methylcobalamin is being taken. Most likely, the doctor will advise the patient to stop taking this supplement because of the potentially life-threatening side effects. Methylcobalamin is found in intravenous fluids used during surgery, and overdose can occur when taking a vitamin B-12 supplement.This medication cannot be taken after surgery due to the risk of narrowing the blood vessels.

OTHER LANGUAGES

90,000 How to choose and how to take vitamin B12? (Which is better?)

There can be many reasons why people start taking vitamin B12, including various diseases, or an examination and tests were carried out, during which a person was diagnosed with a lack of this vitamin.

Or those who do not consume animal products, that is, meat, fish, eggs, milk, often need vitamin B12.

If you decide to take B12 additionally or your doctor has prescribed it for you, then vitamin-mineral complexes in this case will not work.

For example, Optimum Nutrition Opti-men contains B12 in the form of cyanocobalamin, 100 mcg, 4000% DV. This vitamin and mineral complex will not work for you. Firstly, the dosage should be higher, from 1000 mcg, and, secondly, one should remember about the compatibility of vitamins – B12 is needed in its pure form (methylcobalamin).

Also in the composition of such a supplement, folic acid may be present, which goes well with methylcobalamin, without interfering with each other’s assimilation.

If you take complex B vitamins, such as SOLGAR B-Complex 100, Puritan’s Pride B-Complex and B-12, Doctor’s Best Fully B Complex, then it is not necessary to cancel them, it is enough to take a break between doses. For example, during breakfast there is a vitamin and mineral complex, and after 4-5 hours, vitamin B12.

In tablet form, B12 is produced in the form of cyanocobalamin and methylcobalamin. It is very easy to check, the manufacturer will usually always indicate this on the back of the package in the composition table.

What is the difference between cyanocobalamin and methylcobalamin?

The latter is the active form of B12 and has a higher bioavailability. At the same time, it is worth noting that the cost may be slightly higher. Although cyanocobalamin is cheaper, its bioavailability is lower, so it is preferable to buy vitamin B12 methylcobalamin.

In what form is it better to take vitamin B12?

There is a wide selection of B12 on the market in various forms of release: spray, chewable tablets, liquid, lozenges, regular tablets, capsules.That being said, it should be said that B12 in the form of a spray, chewable tablets and lozenges will be absorbed best.

Which brand is better (B12)?

The market is now oversaturated with hundreds of vitamin and other supplement manufacturers. We recommend trusting only trusted brands that have been around for many years and have a good reputation. For example: SWANSON, SOLGAR, NOW FOODS and many others, which are also presented in our store.

How to take vitamin B12?

There is no specific course for taking B12, it is taken based on the need.Vegetarians or those who, for some reason, do not consume enough animal protein can follow the course on an ongoing basis, because B12 is not toxic, it is a water-soluble vitamin and is quickly excreted from the body. Therefore, an overdose is extremely difficult to achieve.

A single dosage should be between 1000-1500 mcg. It is advisable to take in the morning after a low-fat meal. It is also worth remembering that taking B12 cannot be combined with supplements (with the exception of folic acid), especially Omega-3 and other fatty acids.

90,000 💊 Methylcobalamin (vitamin B12) side effects, interactions, uses and imprint of the medication

Generic name: methylcobalamin (vitamin B12)

What is methylcobalamin?

Methylcobalamin is a form of vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 is important for the brain and nerves, as well as for the production of red blood cells.

Methylcobalamin is used to treat vitamin B12 deficiency. This medicine is sometimes used in people with pernicious anemia, diabetes, and other medical conditions.

Methylcobalamin may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.

What are the possible side effects of methylcobalamin?

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: urticaria; labored breathing; swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Common side effects may include:

• nausea, vomiting, diarrhea;
• loss of appetite; or
• Headache.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Ask your doctor about side effects. You can report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

What is the most important information I should know about Methylcobalamin?

Follow all directions on the label and packaging of your medicine. Tell each of your healthcare providers about all of your medical conditions, allergies, and any medications you use.

What should I discuss with my doctor before taking methylcobalamin?

You should not use methylcobalamin if you are allergic to vitamin B12 or cobalt.

Tell your doctor if you have ever had:

• Leber’s disease or other form of damage to the optic nerve;
• iron or folic acid deficiency; or
• low level of potassium in the blood.

Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Do not give this medicine to a child without medical advice.

How should I take methylcobalamin?

Use exactly as directed on the label or as directed by a healthcare practitioner.

You may also refer to the National Institutes of Health’s FDA lists or the USDA’s Recommended Daily Allowances (formerly “Recommended Daily Values”).

Your dosage needs may change if you become pregnant, breastfeed, or eat a vegetarian diet .Tell your doctor about any changes in your diet or health condition.

Do not swallow tablets for lozenges or sublingual tablets whole. Let it dissolve in your mouth without chewing. The sublingual tablet should be under your tongue.

Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

What happens if I miss a dose?

Take the medicine as soon as possible, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for the next dose. Do not take two doses at a time.

What happens if I overdose?

Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Helpline at 1-800-222-1222.

What should I avoid while taking methylcobalamin?

Avoid drinking large amounts of alcohol. Heavy drinking can make it difficult for methylcobalamin to be absorbed.

What other drugs will affect methylcobalamin?

Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially:

• chloramphenicol;
• an oral diabetes medication containing metformin; or
• drugs that reduce stomach acidity, such as cimetidine, omeprazole, lansoprazole, nexium, prevacid, prilosec, zantac and others.

This list is not complete. Other medicines may affect methylcobalamin, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

Your pharmacist can provide more information about methylcobalamin.

90,000 Methylcobalamin and Cyanocobalamin: What’s the Difference?

Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is an essential water-soluble vitamin involved in red blood cell production, brain health and DNA synthesis.A deficiency in this key vitamin can cause serious symptoms, including fatigue, nerve damage, digestive problems, and neurological problems such as depression and memory loss. Therefore, many people turn to vitamins B12 to help meet their needs and prevent deficiency. This article explores the main differences between methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin, the two most common sources of vitamin B12 found in supplements.

Synthetic and Natural Vitamin B12 Vitamin B12 supplements can usually include one of two forms: cyanocobalamin or methylcobalamin.Both of these forms are nearly identical and contain a cobalt ion surrounded by a corrin ring.

However, each of them has a molecule attached to cobalt ions. Although methylcobalamin contains a methyl group, cyanocobalamin contains a cyanide molecule. Cyanocobalamin is a synthetic form of vitamin B12 that does not occur naturally. It is more commonly used in supplements as it is believed to be more stable and cost effective than other forms of vitamin B12. When cyanocobalamin enters your body, it is converted to methylcobalamin or adenosylcobalamin, which are the two active forms of vitamin B12 in humans.Unlike cyanocobalamin, methylcobalamin is a natural form of vitamin B12 that can be obtained from supplements as well as food such as fish, meat, eggs, and milk.

Bottom Line: Cyanocobalamin is a synthetic form of vitamin B12 found only in supplements, while methylcobalamin is a natural form that you can get from food sources or supplements.

Can be absorbed and stored in different ways.Another important difference between methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin is how they are absorbed and stored in your body. Some studies show that your body can absorb cyanocobalamin better than methylcobalamin.

In fact, one study found that humans metabolized about 49% of a 1 mcg dose of cyanocobalamin, compared to 44% of the same dose of methylcobalamin. In contrast, another study comparing the two forms reported three times more cyanocobalamin excreted in urine, indicating that methylcobalamin may be better stored in your body.However, some research suggests that differences in bioavailability between the two forms may be subtle and that factors such as age and genetics may affect absorption rates.

Unfortunately, recent studies directly comparing these two forms of vitamin B12 are limited. More research is needed to measure the absorption and retention of methylcobalamin versus cyanocobalamin in healthy adults.

Bottom Line: Research shows that cyanocobalamin may be better absorbed in your body, while methylcobalamin is likely to have a higher retention rate.

Other studies have shown that differences in absorption and retention are minimal. Cyanocobalamin can be converted to other forms of vitamin B12 When you take cyanocobalamin, it can be converted to both active forms of vitamin B12, methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin. Like methylcobalamin, adenosylcobalamin is essential for many aspects of your health. It is involved in the metabolism of fats and amino acids, as well as in the formation of myelin, which creates a protective sheath around your nerve cells.Deficiencies in both forms of vitamin B12 can increase the risk of neurological problems and adverse side effects. But while taking cyanocobalamin supplements can increase levels of active forms of vitamin B12, methylcobalamin does not increase adenosylcobalamin levels. For this reason, it is recommended that vitamin B12 deficiency be addressed with either cyanocobalamin or a combination of methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin to ensure that your body’s needs are met.

Summary: Cyanocobalamin can be converted to both methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin.However, methylcobalamin supplementation does not increase adenosylcobalamin levels. Both Forms Benefit Health While there are clear differences between methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin, both of these forms of vitamin B12 have beneficial effects on health and may prevent deficiencies in this vitamin.

In fact, one study in 7 patients with vitamin B12 deficiency found that oral methylcobalamin normalized blood levels of vitamin B12 within two months.Similarly, another study found that taking cyanocobalamin supplements for three months also increased vitamin B12 levels in 10 people with pernicious anemia, which was caused by impaired B12 absorption. Both types of vitamin C can provide other health benefits as well.

One review of seven studies found that both methylcobalamin and the B complex containing cyanocobalamin were effective in reducing the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy, a complication of diabetes that causes nerve damage.In addition, several animal studies have shown that each form may have neuroprotective effects and may be helpful in treating diseases that affect your nervous system.

Summary: Both methylcobalamin and cyanocobalamin can treat vitamin B12 deficiency.

Animal and human studies have shown that they can reduce the symptoms of diabetic neuropathy and may also have neuroprotective effects.

Summarizing:

If you think you may be deficient in vitamin B12, talk with your doctor to determine the best course of treatment.However, if you just want to make up for potential nutritional deficiencies associated with poor nutrition, vitamin B12 supplements can help. Cyanocobalamin is a synthetic form of vitamin B12 that can be converted to the natural forms of this vitamin – methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin. The body absorbs cyanocobalamin better, while methylcobalamin has a higher degree of retention. Both can prevent B12 deficiency, but methylcobalamin should be combined with adenosylcobalamin for best results.

Whichever form of vitamin B12 you choose, be sure to combine it with a healthy, balanced diet to meet your nutrient needs and optimize your health.

Neurocobal official instructions for use. See analogs, recommendations for use, study side effects and composition of active ingredients

This is a translation of the official instructions for the drug “Neurocobal”. Information
intended for healthcare professionals only.

Added date: 11.02.2021

Composition

active substance: methylcobalamin

1 tablet contains 500 μg methylcobalamin

Excipients: microcrystalline cellulose, corn starch, povidone colloidal acid, silicon dioxide titanium dioxide (E 171), polyethylene glycol 400, Opadry coating 03F565012 brown: hypromellose, titanium dioxide (E 171), iron oxide red (E172), polyethylene glycol, talc.

Dosage form

Film-coated tablets.

Basic physical and chemical properties : round biconvex brown film-coated tablets.

Pharmacological group

Preparations of vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin and its analogs).

ATX code B03B A05.

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacological.

Methylcobalamin is one of the active forms of vitamin B12.Vitamin B12 is essential for nuclear protein and myelin synthesis, cell reproduction, normal growth, and normal erythropoiesis. Compared to other forms of vitamin B12, methylcobalamin at the subcellular level is better transported to the organelles of neurons. It is due to this property that it is more effective in the treatment of diseases of the nervous system.

Methylcobalamin is a coenzyme of methionine synthase, an enzyme involved in the conversion of homocysteine ​​to methionine in protein and DNA methylation reactions.It is known that methylcobalamin normalizes axonal transport of protein complexes and promotes axonal regeneration. Also, methylcobalamin promotes neuronal myelination by stimulating the synthesis of phospholipids. In addition, methylcobalamin restores delayed synaptic transmission and reduces neurotransmitters to normal levels.

The use of therapeutic doses of methylcobalamin promotes detoxification processes in the nervous system due to an increase in the content of tetrohydrofolate.Also, methylcobalamin promotes the conversion of homocysteine ​​into S-adenosinemethionine, which is a universal donor of methyl groups, which leads to the activation of transmethylation reactions.

Pharmacokinetics.

With a single oral administration of the drug on an empty stomach in single doses of 120 mcg and 1500 mcg in healthy adult male volunteers, the peak concentration of total vitamin B12 in blood plasma is reached after 3:00 for both doses and this indicator is dose-dependent.Between 40% and 90% of the cumulative amount of total B12 excreted in urine 24 hours after ingestion was excreted during the first 8:00. There is no confirmation for a single dose of 1500 mcg.

With further repeated oral administration at a dose of 1500 μg / day for 12 consecutive weeks in healthy adult male volunteers, peak serum total vitamin B12 concentrations were determined up to 4 weeks after the last dose. The serum concentration increases during the first 4 weeks after the start of administration, reaching a level that is approximately twice the initial value.After that, a gradual increase is observed, which reaches a maximum of 2.8 times the initial value at the 12th week of taking the drug. The serum concentration decreases after the last dose (12 weeks), but still exceeds the initial value by 1.8 times 4 weeks after the last dose of the drug.

Clinical characteristics

Indications

Peripheral neuropathy.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to methylcobalamin or other components of the drug.

Erythremia, erythrocytosis.

Neoplasms, except for cases accompanied by megaloblastic anemia and vitamin B12 deficiency.

Acute thromboembolic diseases.

High functional class exertional angina.

Interaction with other drugs and other types of interactions

Simultaneous administration with folic acid improves the absorption and assimilation of methylcobalamin.

Other preparations containing vitamin B12 should not be prescribed at the same time.

Chloramphenicol reduces the hematopoietic response of reticulocytes to the drug. If this combination cannot be avoided, blood counts must be carefully monitored.

Medicines that can reduce the absorption of vitamin B12: aminosalicylic acid, antibiotics, colchicine, cholestyramine, H2 receptor blockers, metformin, neomycin, nitrous oxide, phenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, proton pump inhibitors, zidovudine.

When used simultaneously with thiamine, the risk of developing allergic reactions caused by thiamine increases.

Oral contraceptives reduce the concentration of vitamin B12 in the blood.

Peculiarities of application

The drug should be used with caution in patients with allergies, a history of liver disease.

Long-term use of high doses of the drug is not recommended for patients whose professional activity is associated with mercury or compounds that contain mercury.

It is not recommended to use vitamin B12 with drugs that increase blood clotting.During the period of treatment, it is necessary to monitor the parameters of peripheral blood. With regard to patients with a tendency to thrombosis and patients with angina pectoris, care must be taken during treatment and blood clotting should be monitored.

In case of a tendency to develop leuko- and erythrocytosis, the dose of the drug must be reduced or the treatment should be temporarily suspended.

Application during pregnancy or lactation

There is no data on the use of the drug during pregnancy and lactation.

Ability to influence the reaction rate when driving motor transport or other mechanisms

There is no data on the negative effect of the drug on the speed of psychomotor reactions.

Method of administration and doses

The drug is administered orally to adults.

The recommended daily dose is 1500 mcg (3 tablets), which is divided into three doses.

The duration of the course of treatment depends on the nature and course of the disease and is determined individually.If there is no clinical effect after continuous administration of the drug for 1 month, the drug should be discontinued.

Children

The use of the drug is contraindicated in children (under the age of 18).

Overdose

Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, dizziness, agitation, tachycardia.

Treatment: symptomatic and supportive therapy.

Side effects

From the gastrointestinal tract: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.

From the nervous system: irritability, headache, dizziness, migraine, severe anxiety disorders, agitation, insomnia.

From the cardiovascular system: palpitations, tachycardia, heart pain.

From the immune system: hypersensitivity reactions, including urticaria, anaphylactic shock, anaphylactoid reactions.

From the musculoskeletal system: muscle pain, joint pain.

Skin: itching, rash, acne.

From the blood and lymphatic system: thrombosis, hypercoagulation.

General disorders: sweating, malaise, fever.

Expiry date

2 years.

Storage conditions

Store at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C.

Keep out of reach of children.

Packing

10 tablets in a blister, 3 or 10 blisters in a carton box.

30 tablets in a blister, 3 blisters in a carton box.

Vacation category

Prescription.

Manufacturer

KUSUM HEALTHCARE PVT LTD.

Manufacturer’s location

SP-289 (A), RIIIKU Industrial area, Chopanki, Bhiwadi, get it. Alwar (Rajasthan), India / SP-289 (A), RIICO Industrial area, Chopanki, Bhiwadi, Dist. Alwar (Rajasthan), India.

Further information

Remember, keep these and all other medicines out of the reach of children.
never pass on your medicines to others and use Neurocobal only as directed
doctor.

Always consult your doctor to ensure that the information
which is displayed on this page may be applied to your personal circumstances.

Copyright:

Extract from the register

ATC classification

2

4 B065
Mecobalamin

.