Vitamin C – Mayo Clinic

Overview

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a nutrient your body needs to form blood vessels, cartilage, muscle and collagen in bones. Vitamin C is also vital to your body’s healing process.

Vitamin C is an antioxidant that helps protect your cells against the effects of free radicals — molecules produced when your body breaks down food or is exposed to tobacco smoke and radiation from the sun, X-rays or other sources. Free radicals might play a role in heart disease, cancer and other diseases. Vitamin C also helps your body absorb and store iron.

Because your body doesn’t produce vitamin C, you need to get it from your diet. Vitamin C is found in citrus fruits, berries, potatoes, tomatoes, peppers, cabbage, Brussels sprouts, broccoli and spinach. Vitamin C is also available as an oral supplement, typically in the form of capsules and chewable tablets.

Most people get enough vitamin C from a healthy diet. Vitamin C deficiency is more likely in people who:

• Smoke or are exposed to secondhand smoking
• Have certain gastrointestinal conditions or certain types of cancer
• Have a limited diet that doesn’t regularly include fruits and vegetables

Severe vitamin C deficiency can lead to a disease called scurvy, which causes anemia, bleeding gums, bruising and poor wound healing.

If you take vitamin C for its antioxidant properties, keep in mind that the supplement might not offer the same benefits as naturally occurring antioxidants in food.

The recommended daily amount of vitamin C is 90 milligrams for adult men and 75 milligrams for adult women.

Evidence

Research on the use of vitamin C for specific conditions shows:

• Cancer. Eating a diet rich in fruits and vegetables might lower your risk of many types of cancer, such as breast, colon and lung cancers. However, it’s not clear whether this protective effect is related to the vitamin C content in the food. Taking oral vitamin C supplements doesn’t appear to offer the same benefit.
• Common cold. Taking oral vitamin C supplements won’t prevent the common cold. Evidence also shows that the benefits of regularly taking vitamin C supplements to reduce the duration or severity of a cold are minimal.
• Eye diseases. Taking oral vitamin C supplements in combination with other vitamins and minerals seems to prevent age-related macular degeneration (AMD) from worsening. Some studies also suggest that people who have higher levels of vitamin C in their diets have a lower risk of developing cataracts.

Our take

Generally safe

Most people get enough vitamin C from a balanced diet. People who might be susceptible to vitamin C deficiency may benefit from the use of vitamin C supplements.

Safety and side effects

When taken at appropriate doses, oral vitamin C supplements are generally considered safe. Taking too much vitamin C can cause side effects, including:

• Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
• Heartburn
• Stomach cramps or bloating
• Fatigue and sleepiness, or sometimes insomnia
• Headache
• Skin flushing

In some people, oral vitamin C supplements can cause kidney stones, especially when taken in high doses. Long-term use of oral vitamin C supplements over 2,000 milligrams a day increases the risk of significant side effects.

Tell your doctor that you’re taking vitamin C supplements before having any medical tests. High levels of vitamin C might interfere with the results of certain tests, such as stool tests for occult blood or glucose screening tests.

Interactions

Possible interactions include:

• Aluminum. Taking vitamin C can increase your absorption of aluminum from medications containing aluminum, such as phosphate binders. This can be harmful for people with kidney problems.
• Chemotherapy. There is concern that use of antioxidants, such as vitamin C, during chemotherapy might reduce the effect of chemotherapy drugs.
• Estrogen. Taking vitamin C with oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy might increase your estrogen levels.
• Protease inhibitors. Oral use of vitamin C might reduce the effect of these antiviral drugs.
• Statins and niacin. When taken with vitamin C, the effects of niacin and statins, which might benefit people with high cholesterol, could be reduced.
• Warfarin (Jantoven). High doses of vitamin C might reduce your response to this anticoagulant.

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Nov. 17, 2020

Show references

1. Vitamin C — Fact sheet for health professionals. Office of Dietary Supplements. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminC-HealthProfessional/. Accessed Oct. 11, 2020.
2. Vitamin C — Fact sheet for consumers. Office of Dietary Supplements. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminC-Consumer/. Accessed Oct. 11, 2020.
3. Vitamin C. Natural Medicines. https://naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com. Accessed Oct. 11, 2020.
4. Pazirandeh S, et al. Overview of water-soluble vitamins. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Oct. 11, 2020.
5. Quidel S, et al. What are the effects of vitamin C on the duration and severity of the common cold? Medwave. 2018; doi:10.5867/medwave.2018.06.7260.
6. Ascorbic acid oral. Facts & Comparisons eAnswers. https://www.wolterskluwercdi.com/facts-comparisons-online/. Accessed Oct. 11, 2020.
7. Ascorbic acid. IBM Micromedex. https://www.micromedexsolutions.com. Accessed Oct. 11, 2020.
8. Antioxidants: In depth. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/antioxidants-in-depth. Accessed Oct. 11, 2020.
9. Goudarzi S, et al. Effect of vitamins and dietary supplements on cardiovascular health. Critical Pathways in Cardiology. 2020; doi:10.1097/HPC. 0000000000000212.

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Too much vitamin C: Is it harmful?

While vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is an essential nutrient, it’s possible to have too much of it.

Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that supports normal growth and development and helps your body absorb iron. Because your body doesn’t produce or store vitamin C, it’s important to include vitamin C in your diet. For most people, an orange or a cup of strawberries, chopped red pepper, or broccoli provides enough vitamin C for the day.

For adults, the recommended daily amount for vitamin C is 65 to 90 milligrams (mg) a day, and the upper limit is 2,000 mg a day. Although too much dietary vitamin C is unlikely to be harmful, megadoses of vitamin C supplements might cause:

• Diarrhea
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Heartburn
• Abdominal cramps
• Headache
• Insomnia

Remember, for most people, a healthy diet provides an adequate amount of vitamin C.

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• Vitamin C and mood
• Vitamin D and MS: Any connection?

March 18, 2020

Show references

1. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid). Natural Medicines. https://naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch. com. Accessed Dec. 12, 2017.
2. Pazirandeh S, et al. Overview of water-soluble vitamins. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Dec. 12, 2017.
3. Vitamin C. Office of Dietary Supplements. http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminC-HealthProfessional. Accessed Dec. 12, 2017.

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Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions, Warning

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Ascorbic acid (vitamin c) is usually administered orally. When oral administration is not feasible or when malabsorption is suspected, the drug may be administered IM, IV, or subcutaneously. When given parenterally, utilization of the vitamin reportedly is best after IM administration and that is the preferred parenteral route.

For intravenous injection, dilution into a large volume parenteral such as Normal Saline, Water for Injection, or Glucose is recommended to minimize the adverse reactions associated with intravenous injection.

The average protective dose of vitamin C for adults is 70 to 150 mg daily. In the presence of scurvy, doses of 300 mg to 1 g daily are recommended. However, as much as 6 g has been administered parenterally to normal adults without evidence of toxicity.

To enhance wound healing, doses of 300 to 500 mg daily for a week or ten days both preoperatively and postoperatively are generally considered adequate, although considerably larger amounts have been recommended. In the treatment of burns, doses are governed by the extent of tissue injury. For severe burns, daily doses of 1 to 2 g are recommended. In other conditions in which the need for vitamin C is increased, three to five times the daily optimum allowances appear to be adequate.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever the solution and container permit.

HOW SUPPLIED

Ascorbic Acid (vitamin c) Injection, USP, 250 mg/mL is available in 2 mL ampules, in cartons of 25.

PROTECT FROM HEAT AND LIGHT. Store at controlled room temperature 15°-
30° C (59°- 86° F).

Pressure may develop within the ampule upon long storage. Precautions should be taken to wrap the container in a protective covering while it is being opened.

CAUTION: Federal law prohibits dispensing without prescription.

Manufactured by: Steris Laboratories, Inc. Phoenix, Arizona
85043, USA. For: Mallinckrodt, Inc. St. Louis, MO 63134. FDA Rev date: n/a

Ascorbic Acid, Vitamin C chewable tablets

What is this medicine?

ASCORBIC ACID (a SKOR bik AS id) is a naturally occurring form of vitamin C. It is used to treat or prevent low levels of vitamin C and to treat scurvy.

This medicine may be used for other purposes; ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions.

COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Acerola C

What should I tell my health care provider before I take this medicine?

They need to know if you have any of the following conditions:

• anemia
• diabetes
• glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency
• kidney stones
• low sodium diet
• an unusual or allergic reaction to ascorbic acid, tartrazine, other medicines, foods, dyes, or preservatives
• pregnant or trying to get pregnant
• breast-feeding

How should I use this medicine?

Take this medicine by mouth. Chew it completely before swallowing. Follow the directions on the package or prescription label. You may take this medicine with or without food. If it upsets your stomach take it with food. Take your medicine at regular intervals. Do not take your medicine more often than directed.

Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. While this drug may be prescribed for selected conditions, precautions do apply.

Overdosage: If you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once.

NOTE: This medicine is only for you. Do not share this medicine with others.

What if I miss a dose?

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you can. If it is almost time for your next dose, take only that dose. Do not take double or extra doses.

What may interact with this medicine?

• deferoxamine
• iron supplements

This list may not describe all possible interactions. Give your health care provider a list of all the medicines, herbs, non-prescription drugs, or dietary supplements you use. Also tell them if you smoke, drink alcohol, or use illegal drugs. Some items may interact with your medicine.

What should I watch for while using this medicine?

Follow a good diet. Taking a vitamin supplement does not replace the need for a balanced diet. Some foods that have vitamin C naturally are citrus fruits, green peppers, broccoli, cabbage, and tomatoes.

If you are diabetic very high doses of ascorbic acid can interfere with tests for sugar in the urine. Talk to your doctor or heath care professional if you check your urine glucose levels.

Rinse or brush teeth after use to avoid causing tooth cavities.

What side effects may I notice from receiving this medicine?

Side effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible:

• allergic reactions like skin rash, itching or hives, swelling of the face, lips, or tongue
• breathing problems
• diarrhea with headache or nausea
• flushing or redness of skin
• pain in lower back, side, or stomach

Side effects that usually do not require medical attention (report to your doctor or health care professional if they continue or are bothersome):

• bad taste in the mouth
• stomach upset

This list may not describe all possible side effects. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Where should I keep my medicine?

Keep out of the reach of children.

Store at room temperature between 15 and 30 degrees C (59 and 86 degrees F) or as directed on the package label. Protect from heat and moisture. Throw away any unused medicine after the expiration date.

NOTE: This sheet is a summary. It may not cover all possible information. If you have questions about this medicine, talk to your doctor, pharmacist, or health care provider.

Vitamin C Side Effects

Vitamin C is a water-soluble substance and therefore does not accumulate in the body. This accounts for the absence of any data on vitamin C toxicity per se. Vitamin C in itself is of low toxicity and has only minor adverse effects, such as diarrhea, nausea and other digestive disturbances.

These upsets are due to the osmotic withdrawal of water from the intestinal contents by the unabsorbed vitamin C in the gastrointestinal tract. Other physiologic disruptions due to high vitamin C levels include metabolic acidosis and altered levels of some coagulation factors such as prothrombin.

Image Credit: Pixelbliss / Shutterstock

Urinary oxaluria

Vitamin C metabolism produces oxalate as a product. Some research suggests that vitamin C supplements may increase urinary oxalate concentrations, and double the risk of calcium oxalate kidney stones.

Drug interactions

Several drugs reduce vitamin C levels, such as contraceptive pills that contain estrogen, barbiturates and tetracyclines. Vitamin C also raises estrogen levels.

Regular aspirin intake above a certain frequency, such as 1000 mg every 6 hours, increases the urinary excretion of vitamin C and reduces its blood levels. Vitamin C causes higher serum levels of aspirin and other NSAIDs.

Vitamin C can inhibit the action of warfarin, and thus the dosage of warfarin requires to be monitored by the prothrombin time. It may also reduce the cardioprotective action of cholesterol-lowering drugs such as simvastatin and niacin, though the evidence is far from clear. Some large trials indicate that it does not affect the positive effects of these drugs.

It has been suggested that vitamin C use during cancer cell chemotherapy could diminish the efficacy of treatment by protecting tumor cells from destruction. Other studies, though, indicate that vitamin C exerts a possible protective effect on normal cells against the damage induced by radiotherapy or chemotherapy.

It has also been suggested that high doses of vitamin C could lead to oxidative damage by contributing to free radical production, but this has not been experimentally shown.

Laboratory tests

Tests such as serum bilirubin, serum creatinine and the guaiac test for the presence of occult blood depend upon the presence of reducing substances, and thus high levels of vitamin C can interfere with their interpretation.

Vitamin C and cardiovascular disease

A single study showed that vitamin C supplementation appeared to increase cardiovascular disease mortality in postmenopausal diabetic women, but this has never been confirmed.

Vitamin C and mineral absorption

Vitamin C may theoretically cause excessive iron absorption, but this is likely to be of significance only in those who have hereditary hemochromatosis and consume high doses of vitamin C.

When taken along with aluminum-containing antacids, vitamin C boosts aluminum absorption and therefore the risks of side effects.

Conditioned scurvy

Megadoses of vitamin C in pregnancy may cause rebound scurvy in the infant, due to the sudden drop in levels causing a relative deficiency of the vitamin in the baby’s blood after birth. Thus, doses above 1000 mg of vitamin C should be avoided in pregnancy unless on medical advice.

Dubious adverse effects

Other dubious effects, which have been raised over the years, but never been proven to exist, include:

• reduction in vitamin b12 and copper levels in serum
• erosion of dental enamel
• allergy to vitamin c

Preventing the adverse effects of vitamin C

FNB-established upper levels are age-specific and are intended to prevent side effects. Precautions to prevent adverse reactions include:

• adequate fluid intake to counter the diuretic effect of vitamin C supplements
• avoiding vitamin C supplementation if you have hemochromatosis, sickle cell anemia, G6PD, or thalassemia
• seeking medical advice before starting vitamin C supplementation, in case of renal disease or during chemotherapy
• stopping the use of nicotine if planning to take vitamin C supplementation
• stopping vitamin C supplements right before or after angioplasty

References

Further Reading

Cenolate, Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more

ASCORBIC ACID – ORAL

(as-KORE-bik AS-id)

COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Cecon, Vitamin C

USES: Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is used to prevent or treat low levels of vitamin C in people who do not get enough of the vitamin from their diets. Most people who eat a normal diet do not need extra ascorbic acid. Low levels of vitamin C can result in a condition called scurvy. Scurvy may cause symptoms such as rash, muscle weakness, joint pain, tiredness, or tooth loss.Vitamin C plays an important role in the body. It is needed to maintain the health of skin, cartilage, teeth, bone, and blood vessels. It is also used to protect your body’s cells from damage. It is known as an antioxidant.

HOW TO USE: Take this vitamin by mouth with or without food, usually 1 to 2 times daily. Follow all directions on the product package, or take as directed by your doctor.If you are taking the extended-release capsules, swallow them whole. Do not crush or chew extended-release capsules or tablets. Doing so can release all of the drug at once, increasing the risk of side effects. Also, do not split extended-release tablets unless they have a score line and your doctor or pharmacist tells you to do so. Swallow the whole or split tablet without crushing or chewing. Take this product with a full glass of water (8 ounces/240 milliliters) unless your doctor directs you otherwise. If you are taking the wafers or chewable tablets, chew them thoroughly and then swallow. If you are taking the lozenges, place the lozenge in your mouth and allow it to slowly dissolve.If you are taking the powder, mix it thoroughly in the proper amount of liquid or soft food and stir well. Take all of the mixture right away. Do not prepare a supply for future use. If you are using the liquid form of this vitamin, carefully measure the dose using a special measuring device/spoon. Do not use a household spoon because you may not get the correct dose.Dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment.Use this vitamin regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time(s) each day.If you think you may have a serious medical problem, seek immediate medical attention.

SIDE EFFECTS: Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps/pain, or heartburn may occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly. If your doctor has directed you to use this medication, remember that your doctor has judged that the benefit to you is greater than the risk of side effects. Many people using this medication do not have serious side effects.Tell your doctor right away if any of these rare but very serious side effects occur: painful urination, pink/bloody urine.A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing.This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.In the US -Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or at www.fda.gov/medwatch.In Canada – Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345.

PRECAUTIONS: Before taking ascorbic acid, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any allergies. This product may contain inactive ingredients (such as peanut/soy), which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.Before using this vitamin, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of: kidney disease (such as kidney stones), a certain enzyme deficiency (G6PD deficiency).During pregnancy, this vitamin has been found to be safe when used in recommended doses. Higher doses should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.This vitamin passes into breast milk and is considered to be safe during breast-feeding when used in recommended doses. Consult your doctor for more information.

DRUG INTERACTIONS: The effects of some drugs can change if you take other drugs or herbal products at the same time. This can increase your risk for serious side effects or may cause your medications not to work correctly. These drug interactions are possible, but do not always occur. Your doctor or pharmacist can often prevent or manage interactions by changing how you use your medications or by close monitoring.To help your doctor and pharmacist give you the best care, be sure to tell your doctor and pharmacist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products) before starting treatment with this product. While using this product, do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any other medicines you are using without your doctor’s approval.This vitamin may interfere with certain laboratory tests (including certain urine glucose tests), possibly causing false test results. Make sure laboratory personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug.Keep a list of all the products you use. Share the list with your doctor and pharmacist to reduce your risk for serious medication problems.

OVERDOSE: If someone has overdosed and has serious symptoms such as passing out or trouble breathing, call 911. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Canada residents can call a provincial poison control center.

NOTES: Keep all regular medical and laboratory appointments.This product is not a substitute for a proper diet. It is best to get your vitamins from healthy foods. Ascorbic acid is commonly found in citrus fruit (such as oranges), tomatoes, brussels sprouts, cauliflower, and broccoli, among others. Consult your doctor, pharmacist, or nutritionist for more details.

MISSED DOSE: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose. Take your next dose at the regular time. Do not double the dose to catch up.

STORAGE: Different brands of this vitamin have different storage needs. Check the product package for instructions on how to store your brand, or ask your pharmacist. Keep all medications away from children and pets.Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company for more details about how to safely discard your product.

Information last revised July 2021. Copyright(c) 2021 First Databank, Inc.

IMPORTANT: HOW TO USE THIS INFORMATION: This is a summary and does NOT have all possible information about this product. This information does not assure that this product is safe, effective, or appropriate for you. This information is not individual medical advice and does not substitute for the advice of your health care professional. Always ask your health care professional for complete information about this product and your specific health needs.

Does Too Much Vitamin C Cause Side Effects?

By Brianna Elliott, RD

Vitamin C is a very important nutrient that’s abundant in many fruits and vegetables.

Getting enough of this vitamin is especially important for maintaining a healthy immune system. It also plays an important role in wound healing, keeping your bones strong, and enhancing brain function.

Interestingly, some claim that vitamin C supplements provide benefits beyond those that can be obtained from the vitamin C found in food.

One of the most common reasons people take vitamin C supplements is the idea that they help prevent the common cold.

However, many supplements contain extremely high amounts of the vitamin, which can cause undesirable side effects in some cases.

This article explores the overall safety of vitamin C, whether it’s possible to consume too much, and the potential adverse effects of taking large doses.

Vitamin C is Water-Soluble and Not Stored in Your Body

Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin, which means it dissolves in water.

In contrast to fat-soluble vitamins, water-soluble vitamins do not get stored within the body.

Instead, the vitamin C that you consume gets transported to your tissues via body fluids, and any extra gets excreted in urine (1Trusted Source).

Since your body does not store vitamin C or produce it on its own, it’s important to consume foods that are rich in vitamin C daily (1Trusted Source).

However, supplementing with high amounts of vitamin C can lead to adverse effects, such as digestive distress and kidney stones.

That’s because if you overload your body with larger-than-normal doses of this vitamin, it will start to accumulate, potentially leading to overdose symptoms (3Trusted Source).

It’s important to note that it’s unnecessary for most people to take vitamin C supplements, as you can easily get enough by eating fresh foods, especially fruits and vegetables (1Trusted Source).

Summary

Vitamin C is water-soluble, so it’s not stored within your body. If you consume more than your body needs, it’s excreted in your urine.

Too Much Vitamin C May Cause Digestive Symptoms

The most common side effect of high vitamin C intake is digestive distress.

In general, these side effects do not occur from eating foods that contain vitamin C, but rather from taking the vitamin in supplement form.

You’re most likely to experience digestive symptoms if you consume more than 2,000 mg at once. Thus, a tolerable upper limit (TUL) of 2,000 mg per day has been established.

The most common digestive symptoms of excessive vitamin C intake are diarrhea and nausea.

Excessive intake has also been reported to lead to acid reflux, although this is not supported by evidence.

If you’re experiencing digestive problems as a result of taking too much vitamin C, simply cut back your supplement dose or avoid vitamin C supplements altogether.

Summary

Ingesting more than 2,000 mg of vitamin C per day may lead to gastrointestinal upset, including symptoms like diarrhea and nausea.

Vitamin C May Cause Iron Overload

Vitamin C is known to enhance iron absorption.

It can bind to non-heme iron, which is found in plant foods. Non-heme iron is not absorbed by your body as efficiently as heme iron, the type of iron found in animal products.

Vitamin C binds with non-heme iron, making it much easier for your body to absorb. This is an important function, especially for individuals who get most of their iron from plant-based foods.

One study in adults found that iron absorption increased by 67% when they took 100 mg of vitamin C with a meal.

However, individuals with conditions that increase the risk of iron accumulation in the body, such as hemochromatosis, should be cautious with vitamin C supplements.

Under these circumstances, taking vitamin C in excess may lead to iron overload, which can cause serious damage to your heart, liver, pancreas, thyroid, and central nervous system.

That said, iron overload is highly unlikely if you don’t have a condition that increases iron absorption. Additionally, iron overload is more likely to occur when excess iron is consumed in supplement form.

Summary

Since vitamin C increases iron absorption, consuming too much of it is a concern for individuals with conditions that lead to iron accumulation in the body.

Taking Supplements in High Doses May Lead to Kidney Stones

xcess vitamin C is excreted from the body as oxalate, a bodily waste product.

Oxalate typically exits the body via urine. However, under some circumstances, oxalate may bind to minerals and form crystals that can lead to the formation of kidney stones.

Consuming too much vitamin C has the potential to increase the amount of oxalate in your urine, thus increasing the risk of developing kidney stones.

In one study that had adults take a 1,000-mg vitamin C supplement twice daily for 6 days, the amount of oxalate they excreted increased by 20%.

High vitamin C intake is not only associated with greater amounts of urinary oxalate but also linked to the development of kidney stones, especially if you consume amounts greater than 2,000 mg.

Reports of kidney failure have also been reported in people who have taken more than 2,000 mg in a day. However, this is extremely rare, especially in healthy people.

Summary

Consuming too much vitamin C may increase the amount of oxalate in your kidneys, which has the potential to lead to kidney stones.

How Much Vitamin C is Too Much?

Since vitamin C is water-soluble and your body excretes excess amounts of it within a few hours after you consume it, it’s quite difficult to consume too much.

In fact, it is nearly impossible for you to get too much vitamin C from your diet alone. In healthy people, any extra vitamin C consumed above the recommended daily amount simply gets flushed out of the body.

To put it in perspective, you would need to consume 29 oranges or 13 bell peppers before your intake reached the tolerable upper limit.

However, the risks of vitamin C overdose are higher when people take supplements, and it is possible to consume too much of the vitamin in some circumstances.

For example, those with conditions that increase the risk of iron overload or are prone to kidney stones should be cautious with their vitamin C intake.

All the adverse effects of vitamin C, including digestive distress and kidney stones, appear to occur when people take it in mega doses greater than 2,000 mg.

If you choose to take a vitamin C supplement, it is best to choose one that contains no more than 100% of your daily needs. That’s 90 mg per day for men and 75 mg per day for women.

Summary

It’s nearly impossible to consume too much vitamin C from food. However, if you’re supplementing with this vitamin, you can minimize your risk of getting too much by taking no more than 90 mg per day if you’re a man, or 75 mg per day if you’re a woman.

The Bottom Line

Vitamin C is generally safe for most people.

This is especially true if you get it from foods, rather than supplements.

Individuals who take vitamin C in supplement form are at greater risk of consuming too much of it and experiencing side effects, the most common of which are digestive symptoms.

However, more serious consequences, such as iron overload and kidney stones, may also result from taking extreme amounts of vitamin C.

Fortunately, it’s easy to prevent these potential side effects — simply avoid vitamin C supplements.

Unless you have a vitamin C deficiency, which rarely occurs in healthy people, it is probably unnecessary for you to take large doses of this vitamin.

Reposted with permission from Healthline. For detailed source information, please view the original article on Healthline.

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instructions for use, indications, side effects

Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) has pronounced reducing properties.It belongs to the group of water-soluble vitamins. Participates in redox reactions, regulation of carbohydrate metabolism, affects the exchange of aromatic amino acids, thyroxine metabolism, biosynthesis of catecholamines, steroid hormones and insulin, is necessary for blood coagulation, collagen and procollagen synthesis, regeneration of connective and bone tissue. Improves capillary permeability. Promotes the absorption of iron in the intestine and takes part in the synthesis of hemoglobin. Increases the nonspecific resistance of the body, has a nonspecific general stimulating effect on the body.Deficiency of vitamin C in food leads to the development of hypo- and avitaminosis C, since this vitamin is not synthesized in the body.

From the side of the central nervous system : with prolonged use of large doses (more than 1000 mg) – headache, increased excitability of the central nervous system, insomnia.
From the urinary system : moderate pollakiuria (when taking a dose of more than 600 mg / day), with prolonged use of large doses – hyperoxaluria, nephrolithiasis (from calcium oxalate), damage to the glomerular apparatus of the kidneys.
From the digestive system : when taken orally – irritation of the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract, with prolonged use of large doses – nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hyperacid gastritis, ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosa.
From the side of the cardiovascular system : with prolonged use of large doses – a decrease in capillary permeability (possible deterioration of tissue trophism, increased blood pressure, hypercoagulation, development of microangiopathies).
Allergic reactions : skin rash, flushing of the skin.
Laboratory indicators : thrombocytosis, hyperprothrombinemia, erythropenia, neutrophilic leukocytosis, hypokalemia, glucosuria.
Others : suppression of the function of the insular apparatus of the pancreas
(hyperglycemia, glucosuria).With prolonged use, a violation of the metabolism of zinc and copper is possible.
In case of adverse reactions, including those not listed in this instruction, you should consult a doctor.

Symptoms : with prolonged use of large doses (more than 1000 mg of ascorbic acid) – headache, increased excitability of the central nervous system, insomnia, decreased capillary permeability (possible deterioration of tissue trophism, increased blood pressure, hypercoagulation, development of microangiopathies), inhibition of the function of the insular pancreatic apparatus (hyperglycemia, glucosuria), hyperoxaluria, nephrolithiasis, damage to the renal glomerular apparatus.
Treatment : drug withdrawal. Symptomatic therapy is indicated.

Care should be taken when prescribing ascorbic acid to patients with increased blood clotting, hemochromatosis, sideroblastic anemia, sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, hyperoxaluria, kidney stones, polycythemia, leukemia.
When taking large doses and long-term use of the drug, kidney function and blood pressure levels, as well as pancreatic function, should be monitored.
Use with caution in patients with a deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (can cause hemolysis of erythrocytes).
In patients with a high iron content in the body, ascorbic acid should be used in minimal doses. The simultaneous use of ascorbic acid with deferoxamine increases the excretion of iron.In patients with idiopathic hemochromatosis and thalassemia who received deferoxamine, after taking ascorbic acid, cases of the development of cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure were recorded. In these situations, ascorbic acid should be prescribed with caution, monitoring of cardiac function is necessary.
The absorption of ascorbic acid can be impaired in case of intestinal dyskinesia, enteritis and achilia.
The use of ascorbic acid in patients with rapidly progressing and intensely metastatic malignant neoplasms can aggravate the course of the process.
The simultaneous use of vitamin C with antacids containing aluminum can increase the excretion of aluminum in the urine. The simultaneous administration of antacids and ascorbic acid is not recommended in patients with renal insufficiency.
Increased consumption of ascorbic acid over a long period can lead to an increase in renal clearance and a deficiency of ascorbic acid with abrupt withdrawal of the drug.
Large doses of ascorbic acid are associated with the formation of calcium oxalate stones in the kidneys.
The use of ascorbic acid in therapeutic doses can distort the results of tests for the determination of glucosuria.
Vitamin C can distort the results of assessing the concentration of uric acid by the method with phosphotungstate or uricase with the reduction of copper and creatinine in non-deproteinized serum.
Ascorbic acid, as a reducing agent, can distort the results of various laboratory tests (blood glucose, bilirubin, transaminase activity, lactate dehydrogenase).
The medicinal product is not recommended to be used simultaneously with other medicinal products containing ascorbic acid.

Increases blood concentration of benzylpenicillin and tetracyclines; at a dose of 1 g / day increases the bioavailability of ethinylestradiol.
Improves the absorption of iron preparations in the intestine (converts ferric iron to bivalent).
May increase iron excretion when used concomitantly with deferoxamine. The combined intake of vitamin C and deferoxamine increases the tissue toxicity of iron, especially in the heart muscle, which can lead to decompensation of the circulatory system. Vitamin C can be taken 2 hours after deferoxamine injection.
Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), oral contraceptives, fresh juices and alkaline drinks reduce the absorption and assimilation of ascorbic acid.With simultaneous use with ASA, the urinary excretion of ascorbic acid increases and the excretion of ASA decreases. ASA reduces the absorption of ascorbic acid by about 30%. Increases the risk of crystalluria during treatment with salicylates and short-acting sulfonamides, slows down the excretion of acids by the kidneys, increases the excretion of drugs with an alkaline reaction (including alkaloids), and reduces the concentration of oral contraceptives in the blood.
Quinoline series drugs (fluoroquinolones, etc.), calcium chloride, salicylates, glucocorticosteroids, with prolonged use, deplete the reserves of ascorbic acid.
With simultaneous use, it reduces the chronotropic effect of isoprenaline. Increases the total ethanol clearance, which, in turn, reduces the concentration of ascorbic acid in the body.
Long-term use of large doses by persons treated with disulfiramine inhibits the disulfiram-alcohol reaction.
In high doses, it increases the renal excretion of mexiletine.
Barbiturates and primidone increase the excretion of ascorbic acid in the urine. Reduces the therapeutic effect of antipsychotics (phenothiazine derivatives), tubular reabsorption of amphetamine and tricyclic antidepressants.

VITAMIN C 500MG N20 TABLE P / PLEN / SHELL WITH MASS 822MG

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is one of the main substances in the human diet.It is necessary for the normal functioning of the body, the formation of intracellular collagen, to strengthen the structure of the teeth, bones and capillary walls. Ascorbic acid is involved in redox reactions, metabolism of tyrosine, folic acid, carbohydrates, iron, lipid and protein synthesis, processes of cellular respiration, activates the synthesis of steroid hormones. Ascorbic acid is a powerful antioxidant that prevents cell membranes and, in particular, lymphocytes from the damaging effects of peroxidation and is able to bind a large number of free radicals.Reduces the need for vitamins B1, B2, A, E, folic acid, pantothenic acid, improves the absorption of iron, calcium and vitamins B, A and E by the body. Participates in the formation of bones, cartilage, skin, capillary walls. Prevents the accumulation of carcinogens in the body. Vitamin C helps to increase the protective properties of the body, which are manifested in action at the level of humoral and cellular immunity. Optimal amounts of vitamin C force the immune cells to actively work with foreign elements, fungi, viruses and bacteria, protecting the body from infection.Lack of ascorbic acid in the body leads to a significant decrease in defenses: decreased immunity, inflammation of the gums, skin damage, increased fragility of blood vessels and thrombosis. Symptoms of acute vitamin C deficiency are bleeding gums, loosening or loss of teeth, poorly healing bruises, loss of hair, nails, dry and flaky skin, dry mucous membranes, irritability, fatigue, chronic weakness and stress.

Energy value of the maximum daily dose (1 tablet): 9 kJ / 2 kcal.

Vitamin C – Should I Take Supplements or Is It Commercial? / Habr

Introduction

My specialty and work has nothing to do with vitamins and chemistry in general, but it so happened that the topic of vitamins and nutrition interested me. I decided to understand it as much as possible and find out whether it is worth taking vitamin C.

Taking care of your health is the most relevant topic, especially today.I also did not pass it by and I will describe below how I got acquainted with supplements in the form of vitamin C.

Once I found an interesting article with a recommendation on the use of vitamin C in addition to the diet. I came across an instagram account of one nutritionist.
The nutritionist recommends adding organic vitamin C to your diet. Why organic? Organic vitamin C is said to be better absorbed and excess is easily excreted from the body. Naturally, it is more expensive, 1000mg costs $ 13.Why add? Because we need a lot of it, but we don’t get it from food.

Almost always information about vitamin C is accompanied by a description of its usefulness [1]. It comes to the point that they tried to use vitamin C to fight cancer. Next, I will try to summarize the material I have studied.

Vitamin C

Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) is a powerful antioxidant that helps to strengthen the immune system, facilitates intestinal absorption and absorption of iron by the body, and is essential for the normal functioning of connective and bone tissue.Our body cannot store vitamin C, therefore, it is necessary to constantly receive it additionally.

Getting organic vitamin C from rose hips

On the Internet, I found a term paper on getting organic vitamin C from rose hips [2]. Rosehips are fed into a diffuser (temperature 70-75 ° C). The diffusion juice is directed through a filter press into a three-case evaporator, where the juice is thickened to a density of 60% and pumped further into a spray dryer to obtain a powdered concentrate with vitamin C for tabletting.

Synthesis of synthetic vitamin C

Vitamin C is synthesized on an industrial scale. Vitamin C is industrially produced from D-glucose according to the Reichstein-Grussner method. D-glucose (19) is catalytically hydrogenated with hydrogen under pressure to give D-sorbitol (30). D-sorbitol enzymatically (Acetobacter suboxydans) oxidizes it to L-sorbose (23). The cyclic form of α-L-sorbofuranose is converted into diisopropylidene sorbose by the action of acetone and sulfuric acid (62). Acetonation of sorbose at low temperatures (–5 ° C) gives a significant increase in the yield of di-O-isopropylidene derivative.Further oxidation of diacetone sorbose to acid (63) is usually performed with sodium hypochlorite in the presence of nickel sulfate. Isopropylidene protecting groups are removed by the action of hydrochloric acid in an anhydrous medium (ethanol-chloroform, 65 ° C, 50 h). The resulting cyclic form transforms into 2-oxogulonic acid (64), upon the action of which the acid occurs lactonization; the intermediate formed compound is then enolized to give ascorbic acid (65).

L-Ascorbic acid is a white crystalline substance exhibiting rather strong acidic and reducing (oxidation potential is +127 mV) properties.

Daily Intake of Vitamin C

In most sources, the RDA for Vitamin C is 90 mg for men and 75 mg for women. Adolescents need 65 to 75 mg of vitamin C per day, and children – about 35-50 mg. Smokers have an increased need for vitamin C, because one cigarette destroys 25 mg of vitamin C.

In instagram and on his website, the nutritionist mentioned earlier claims that we need much more, about 5 grams of organic vitamin C, but all individually.

There are few studies on the WHO site related to vitamin C. Research on the WHO site: “Vitamin C supplementation during pregnancy” [3].

Severe vitamin C deficiency leads to the development of scurvy. Symptoms of scurvy appear when plasma vitamin C levels fall below 11 μg / L or total body stores fall below 300 mg.

Excess vitamin C supplementation is generally well tolerated by healthy people, although intestinal inflammation and diarrhea may develop. Another potential but rare side effect includes increased urinary oxalate excretion with an increased risk of kidney stones.

Organic and synthetic vitamin C

This topic is more and more ambiguous. Recommended organic vitamin C for purchase – 100% corn extract (indicated in the product description on the store’s website). It is also recommended to give up synthetic vitamin C, because it can not only be useless, but also harmful [4]. However, a study of the differences between synthetic and organic vitamin C conducted by the Free Radical Research Center showed that organic and synthetic vitamin C have the same effect on the human body [5].

Vitamin C as a remedy for cancer

Interest in vitamin C as a remedy for cancer arose about 30 years ago with the suggestion of the Nobel laureate Linus Pauling. Pauling’s name is also known to the general public for his personal advocacy of high doses of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) as a dietary supplement to improve overall health and prevent (or at least reduce the severity of) diseases such as colds and cancer. This is how the term “Orthomolecular Medicine” appeared. Orthomolecular medicine is one of the varieties of alternative medicine. Orthomolecular medicine methods involve the treatment and prevention of diseases with various vitamins, amino acids, nutrients in the form of biologically active additives (BAA) and food. Vitamin C is also necessary for the formation of collagen fibers, to protect body tissues from free radicals. Pauling suggested increasing the daily dose of vitamin C by 100-200 times.For the formation of collagen fibers, that is, to perform the function of a coenzyme, 10 mg of ascorbic acid was enough. However, Pauling argued that ascorbic acid as an antioxidant can serve many other functions and protect cells and tissues from damage by free oxygen radicals.

For the first clinical trial of the medicinal properties of megadoses of vitamin C, the Linus Pauling Institute chose an extremely difficult task – to prove the possibility of curing those people with cancer who were deemed hopeless and who were no longer helped by either radiation treatment or chemotherapy, and the developed metastases excluded surgery. Pauling’s group proposed to treat them with ascorbic acid, doses of 10 g per day, the positive result was that, receiving megadoses of vitamin C, they allegedly lived much longer than those “hopeless” who did not receive this vitamin. Therefore, it was concluded that with its help it is possible to “prolong life”.

Linus Pauling died on 19 August 1994 at the age of 93. After Pauling’s death, the promotion of the healing properties of high doses of vitamin C had diminished considerably. In the scientific literature, research results began to appear on the negative effects of taking high doses of ascorbic acid.

The European Court of Justice has ruled to limit the dosage of vitamin C preparations in the EU countries since August 1, 2005. The wording of the recommendations has been changed (the words “heals”, “heals”, “prolongs”, etc. have been replaced by “helps to preserve”, “ protects “).

I was alarmed that vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant, but according to recent studies, although vitamin C is not mentioned, antioxidants can accelerate cancer [6]. Therefore, with each new study, the attitude towards the use of vitamin C in cancer is changing.

Conclusion

Vitamin C is definitely necessary for our body. The best sources of vitamin C are fruits and vegetables and berries. Also, unlike vitamin C supplements, eating vegetables, fruits and berries can help you get other vitamins as well.

Foods high in vitamin C:

• Rosehip (dry – 1200 mg / 100g, fresh – 650 mg / 100g)
• Sweet pepper (Bulgarian) (200 mg / 100g)
• Black currant (200 mg / 100g)
• Sea buckthorn (200 mg / 100g)
• Parsley (greens) (150 mg / 100g)

In the absence of vegetables and fruits in the diet, it is necessary to find an additional source of vitamins.To check the concentration of vitamin C ascorbic acid, you can take a vitamin C analysis in blood plasma.

There is too little information about the production of organic vitamin C on an industrial scale and its difference with synthetic, for example, ascorbic acid from a pharmacy. Perhaps this is a commercial move that nutritionists are actively promoting in their instagram accounts, making money from advertising.

The positive effect of vitamin C in already detected oncology is very controversial, because show different results every year.It is better to consult a doctor before use.

Large doses can have a negative effect on the body [7], therefore, if you decide to take vitamins as a supplement, you should consult your doctor and make sure that the supplement is necessary using tests.

Some questions for me remained relevant and unanswered:

• Is there organic vitamin C in tablets and is there a difference from synthetic?
• Is it possible to trust the opinion of a nutritionist or is it mandatory to consult a nutritionist?

References

1. https: // www.kp.ru/putevoditel/zdorove/vitamin-c/
2. https://topref.ru/referat/134701.html
3. https://www.who. int/elena/titles/review_summaries/vitaminC-pregnancy/ru/
4. https://northcoast.organic/beware-ascorbic-acid-synthetic-vitamin-c/
5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3847730/
6. https://nkj.ru/news/36551/
7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22528540

what you need to know, what is it for, where it is contained, the norm per day

Everyone knows from childhood that ascorbic acid is very useful and no less tasty.Cold treatment is not complete without fruit and, especially, lemon, but few people think about the benefits and dangers of vitamin C.

Functions and useful properties

Vitamin C is one of the most important in the body and plays an important role in its functioning. It is also involved in the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow, and is responsible for hemoglobin in the body. Ascorbic acid maintains good condition of capillaries, gums, teeth, and even helps heal wounds and burns.

Another great benefit of this vitamin is its important role in the production of antibodies: when the immune system is overwhelmed, vitamin C helps to increase the number of white blood cells that are responsible for immunity. It also works as a conductor for interferon. Vitamin C improves the absorption of iron and the absorption of calcium in the body, lowers cholesterol, protects against heart disease and blood clots, which prevents strokes and heart attacks. The trace mineral reduces the symptoms of arthritis and helps prevent the toxic effects of viruses.

Where Vitamin C is Contained:

• Grapefruit;
• Guayava;
• Lemon;
• Mango;
• Orange juice;
• Tomatoes;
• Strawberry;
• Black currant;
• Broccoli;
• Oranges;
• Brussels sprouts;
• Cabbage;
• Sweet pepper;
• Papaya;
• Rosehip;
• Spinach;
• Tangerines and others

Vitamin C overdose symptoms

Some of the common symptoms of vitamin C overdose include:

The most common symptom is diarrhea.

Consumption of more than 2000 mg or 2 g each day of vitamin C can lead to severe gastrointestinal irritation and other digestive discomfort. And prolonged diarrhea can lead to dehydration. A person who suffers from dehydration feels tired, thirsty, low urine output, low blood pressure.

Too much vitamin C intake may increase the risk of kidney stones.

High amounts of trace minerals can also lead to iron overload in the blood, a condition known as hemochromatosis.Excessive amounts of a substance in the body can poison the organs of your body, especially the liver, heart, and pancreas. This disease can lead to a more serious condition – organ dysfunction.

Frequent urination is also considered one of the symptoms of vitamin C overdose. Too much vitamin C intake can act as a diuretic. Always consult your doctor if you have kidney problems while taking vitamin C.

Migraines or headaches are often associated with high doses of vitamin C, and it also provokes dizziness, delirium, and fainting.

In order to understand what vitamin C norm is necessary for you, you need to pass tests and get expert advice. An overdose of a trace element leads to changes in the body, many of which are irreversible.

Essentiale Forte N – instructions for use: indications, side effects, contraindications

Pharmacodynamics

Essential phospholipids are the main elements of the structure of the cell membrane and cell organelles.In liver diseases, there is always damage to the membranes of the liver cells and their organelles, which leads to disruptions in the activity of enzymes and receptor systems associated with them, deterioration of the functional activity of liver cells and a decrease in the ability to regenerate.

Phospholipids, which are part of Essentiale® forte N, correspond in their chemical structure to endogenous phospholipids, but surpass endogenous phospholipids in activity due to their higher content of polyunsaturated (essential) fatty acids. The incorporation of these high-energy molecules into the damaged areas of the cell membranes of hepatocytes restores the integrity of the liver cells and promotes their regeneration. The cis-double bonds of their polyunsaturated fatty acids prevent the parallel arrangement of hydrocarbon chains in the phospholipids of cell membranes, the phospholipid structure of the cell walls of hepatocytes “loosens”, which leads to an increase in their fluidity and elasticity, and improves metabolism. The resulting functional blocks increase the activity of enzymes fixed on the membranes and contribute to the normal, physiological pathway of the most important metabolic processes.

Phospholipids in Essentiale® forte regulate lipoprotein metabolism by transferring neutral fats and cholesterol to oxidation sites, mainly by increasing the ability of high density lipoproteins to bind to cholesterol.

Thus, there is a normalizing effect on the metabolism of lipids and proteins; on the detoxification function of the liver; to restore and preserve the cellular structure of the liver and phospholipid-dependent enzyme systems; which ultimately prevents the formation of connective tissue in the liver and promotes the natural regeneration of liver cells. When phospholipids are excreted into bile, the lithogenic index decreases and bile stabilizes.

In patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the use of essential phospholipids in controlled randomized clinical trials led to a significant decrease in the degree of steatosis.

In clinical and observational studies against the background of the use of Essentiale® Forte N in patients with chronic liver diseases, relief of the general condition and symptoms was observed, such as increased fatigue / weakness, decreased appetite, pain or discomfort in the abdomen, a feeling of fast satiety, a feeling of fullness or heaviness after eating, bloating, nausea.Significant improvement in symptoms was noted in studies as early as 4 weeks (30 days) of therapy.

The use of essential phospholipids in controlled and observational studies in patients with psoriasis led to regression of psoriatic eruptions, a decrease in the prevalence index and severity of psoriasis (PASI). The addition of essential phospholipids to PUVA therapy made it possible to achieve faster remission while reducing the total dose of ultraviolet radiation.

Pharmacokinetics

More than 90% of the phospholipids taken orally are absorbed in the small intestine.Most of them are cleaved by phospholipase A to 1-acyl-lysophosphatidylcholine, 50% of which immediately undergoes reverse acetylation to polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine during the absorption process in the intestinal mucosa. This polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine enters the bloodstream with the lymph flow and from there, mainly in the form associated with high density lipoproteins, enters the liver.

Pharmacokinetic studies in humans were performed using radiolabeled dilinoleyl phosphatidylcholine (3H and 14C).The choline moiety was labeled with 3H, and the linoleic acid residue was labeled with 14C.

The maximum concentration of 3H is reached 6-24 hours after administration and is 19.9% ​​of the prescribed dose. The half-life of the choline component is 66 hours.

The maximum concentration of 14C is reached 4-12 hours after administration and is up to 27. 9% of the prescribed dose. The half-life of this component is 32 hours.In feces, 2% of the administered dose of 3H and 4.5% of the administered dose of 14C are found, in urine – 6% of 3H and only a minimal amount of 14C.

Both isotopes are absorbed by more than 90% in the intestine.

90,000 POWERFUL WEAPONS AGAINST DISEASES: nattalia_herb – LiveJournal

Currently, QUERCETIN is especially valuable because, in combination with VITAMIN C, it can suppress the reproduction of coronavirus and facilitate the course of the disease, prevent lung damage, it reduces the penetration of the virus into the cell, maintains the tone of blood vessels and bronchi, and reduces blood clotting disorders.

QUERCETIN is a natural substance, an antioxidant with a powerful antihistamine, anti-inflammatory and antiviral effect.

OTHER USEFUL PROPERTIES OF QUERCETIN

✅ REDUCES INFLAMMATION

• Quercetin is a powerful anti-inflammatory agent. It reduces damage to cell membranes, the number of mutations in cells due to its antioxidant effect.
• Inflammation is the cause of most diseases, including heart disease, cancer, cognitive decline, and some mental and autoimmune disorders.

FIGHTING ALLERGY

• Quercetin is a natural antihistamine and is effective in reducing seasonal and food allergies.
• Histamines are chemicals that are released during allergies or sensitivities, and they are the cause of the unpleasant symptoms of an allergic reaction.
• Quercetin stabilizes the release of histamines from certain immune cells, which leads to a decrease in symptoms such as cough, watery eyes, runny nose, hives, swelling of the tongue or lips, and upset stomach.

✅ REDUCES THE RISK OF DEVELOPMENT OF CANCER AND MAY HAVE A UNIQUE EFFECT, INHIBITING THE REPRODUCTION OF TUMOR AND PRE-TUMOR CELLS

✅HEPATOPROTECTOR

• Protects the liver from alcohol damage, reduces inflammation and liver fibrosis.

✅ PROTECTS AGAINST NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS

• Protects the brain from oxidative stress and inflammation, reduces the risk of developing cognitive disorders.

REDUCES PAIN ASSOCIATED WITH AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES (ARTHRITIS) AS WELL AS PROSTATE AND RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS

QUERCETIN DOSES

• The most commonly used dose of quercetin is 250-1000 mg daily for 12 weeks.
• For the prevention of coronavirus infection: 250 mg per day.
• Patients at home, during acute symptoms: 250-500 mg 2 times a day.

QUERCETIN CAN BE USED AT:

◼ atherosclerosis, high cholesterol level

◼ heart disease and circulatory problems

◼ insulin resistance and diabetes heart and circulatory problems

◼ insulin resistance and diabetes

◼ allergies, asthma and hay fever

◼ stomach ulcer

◼ gout

◼ viral infections

◼ inflammation of the prostate gland, urinary bladder, ovaries

◼ cognitive impairment

◼ skin diseases including dermatitis and urticaria

◼ rake

◼ chronic fatigue syndrome
_________________________________

INTERACTIONS

• Taking quercetin together with some antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, etc. ) can reduce their effectiveness.

• Quercetin can enhance the effects and side effects of drugs that are broken down by the liver (amiodorone, verapamil, ibuprofen, diclofenac, tamoxifen, etc.).
_________________________________

CONTRAINDICATIONS

• Insufficient information on safety for pregnant and breastfeeding women.
• May worsen kidney problems.

Be Healthy! Take care of yourself!

_________________________________

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