What are the common signs of blood clots after childbirth. How long does the increased risk of blood clots last postpartum. What diagnostic methods are used to detect blood clots. How are different types of blood clots treated after delivery.

Understanding Postpartum Blood Clot Risks

The period following childbirth brings significant changes to a woman’s body, including an elevated risk of developing blood clots. This risk persists for approximately 6 to 8 weeks after delivery, making it crucial for new mothers and healthcare providers to remain vigilant.

Blood clots during this time can manifest in various forms, each with its own set of symptoms and potential complications:

• Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the legs or pelvis
• Pulmonary embolism (PE) in the lungs
• Superficial venous thrombosis just under the skin

Recognizing the Symptoms of Postpartum Blood Clots

Identifying the signs of blood clots early is crucial for prompt treatment. The symptoms can vary depending on the location of the clot:

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Symptoms

When a blood clot forms in a leg vein, particularly in the calf, you may experience:

• Pain in the affected area
• Tenderness to touch
• Warmth in the affected limb
• Swelling

It’s important to note that a blood clot in the pelvis may not cause noticeable symptoms, making it more challenging to detect.

Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Symptoms

If a blood clot travels to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolism, the initial signs may include:

• Sudden shortness of breath
• Chest pain

Superficial Venous Thrombosis Symptoms

For blood clots that develop in the veins just under the skin, symptoms typically include:

• Redness over the affected vein
• Swelling
• Pain in the area

Diagnosing Blood Clots in Postpartum Women

Accurate diagnosis of blood clots is essential for appropriate treatment. Healthcare providers use various methods to detect different types of blood clots:

Deep Vein Thrombosis Diagnosis

The primary diagnostic tool for DVT is ultrasonography. This non-invasive imaging technique can visualize blood flow in the veins and identify any blockages. In some cases, a blood test measuring D-dimer levels may be helpful in the diagnostic process.

Pulmonary Embolism Diagnosis

When a pulmonary embolism is suspected, computed tomography (CT) of the chest is the go-to diagnostic method. This procedure involves injecting a radiopaque contrast agent into a vein, which helps make any blockages in the pulmonary arteries more visible on the CT images.

Superficial Venous Thrombosis Diagnosis

Unlike DVT and PE, superficial blood clots can often be diagnosed through a physical examination alone. The visible and palpable symptoms usually provide sufficient information for healthcare providers to make an accurate diagnosis.

Treatment Options for Postpartum Blood Clots

The treatment approach for blood clots after delivery varies depending on the type and location of the clot:

Superficial Venous Thrombosis Treatment

For superficial blood clots in the leg, treatment typically involves:

• Applying warm compresses to reduce discomfort
• Using compression bandages applied by a healthcare professional
• Elevating the affected leg when resting (e.g., raising the foot of the bed by 6 inches)

In rare cases where superficial blood clots are extensive, anticoagulant medications may be prescribed.

Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism Treatment

For more serious blood clots like DVT or PE, treatment typically involves:

• Anticoagulant medications to prevent further clotting
• In some cases, placement of a filter in the inferior vena cava to prevent clots from traveling to the lungs
• Rarely, surgical intervention to remove the clot

Preventing Blood Clots After Childbirth

While not all blood clots can be prevented, there are steps that new mothers can take to reduce their risk:

• Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water
• Move around as soon as it’s safe to do so after delivery
• Wear compression stockings if recommended by your healthcare provider
• Follow any prescribed medication regimens, especially if you have a history of blood clots
• Avoid sitting or standing for long periods without movement

When to Seek Medical Attention

Knowing when to seek medical help is crucial in managing the risk of blood clots after delivery. New mothers should contact their healthcare provider immediately if they experience:

• Sudden swelling or pain in one leg
• Unexplained shortness of breath
• Chest pain, especially when breathing deeply
• Coughing up blood
• Fever accompanied by leg pain or swelling

Long-term Implications of Postpartum Blood Clots

While most blood clots can be successfully treated, they may have long-term implications for some women:

• Increased risk of future blood clots
• Potential for chronic venous insufficiency
• Need for ongoing anticoagulation therapy in some cases
• Implications for future pregnancies and contraceptive choices

It’s important for women who have experienced postpartum blood clots to discuss these potential long-term effects with their healthcare provider and develop an appropriate management plan.

Advancements in Postpartum Blood Clot Research

Medical research continues to advance our understanding of postpartum blood clots and improve treatment options. Some areas of ongoing research include:

• Development of more targeted anticoagulant medications with fewer side effects
• Improved risk assessment tools to identify women at highest risk for blood clots
• Investigation of potential genetic factors that may increase susceptibility to blood clots
• Exploration of novel preventive strategies for high-risk women

These advancements hold promise for enhancing the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of postpartum blood clots in the future.

Support and Resources for Women Affected by Postpartum Blood Clots

Experiencing a blood clot after childbirth can be a challenging and frightening experience. Fortunately, there are resources available to support women through this difficult time:

• Support groups for women who have experienced postpartum blood clots
• Educational materials provided by healthcare organizations
• Counseling services to address any emotional impact
• Rehabilitation programs for those experiencing long-term effects

Women should not hesitate to reach out to their healthcare providers or local support organizations for assistance and guidance throughout their recovery process.

Understanding the risks, recognizing the symptoms, and knowing the treatment options for postpartum blood clots are crucial steps in ensuring the health and well-being of new mothers. By staying informed and vigilant, women can navigate this postpartum risk with confidence and seek timely medical attention when needed. As research continues to advance, we can look forward to even better prevention and treatment strategies in the future, further improving outcomes for women in the postpartum period.

Blood Clots After Delivery – Women’s Health Issues

By

Julie S. Moldenhauer

, MD, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

Reviewed/Revised Feb 2022 | Modified Sep 2022

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The risk of developing blood clots (thrombophlebitis) is increased for about 6 to 8 weeks after delivery (see Thromboembolic Disorders During Pregnancy Thromboembolic Disorders During Pregnancy In thromboembolic disorders, blood clots (thrombi) form in blood vessels. An embolus is a blood clot that travels through the bloodstream and blocks an artery. In the United States, thromboembolic… read more ). Typically, blood clots occur in the deep veins of the legs or pelvis (a disorder called deep vein thrombosis Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Deep vein thrombosis is the formation of blood clots (thrombi) in the deep veins, usually in the legs. Blood clots may form in veins if the vein is injured, a disorder causes the blood to clot… read more ).

Sometimes one of these clots breaks loose and travels through the bloodstream into the lungs, where it lodges in a blood vessel in the lung, blocking blood flow. This blockage is called pulmonary embolism Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Pulmonary embolism is the blocking of an artery of the lung (pulmonary artery) by a collection of solid material brought through the bloodstream (embolus)—usually a blood clot (thrombus) or… read more .

Blood clots may also develop in the veins just under the skin in the legs. This disorder is called superficial venous thrombosis Superficial Venous Thrombosis Superficial venous thrombosis is inflammation and clotting in a superficial vein, usually in the arms or legs. The skin over the vein becomes red, swollen, and painful. Doctors examine the area… read more (superficial thrombophlebitis).

A fever that develops after delivery may be caused by a blood clot.

When a blood clot forms in a leg vein, the affected part of the leg, often the calf, may be painful, tender to the touch, warm, and swollen. A blood clot in the pelvis may not cause symptoms.

The first sign of pulmonary embolism may be shortness of breath or chest pain.

• For deep vein thrombosis, ultrasonography

• For pulmonary embolism, computed tomography

Doctors can usually diagnose superficial blood clots based on a physical examination.

Diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis is usually based on results of ultrasonography. Occasionally, a blood test to measure D-dimer (a substance released from blood clots) is helpful.

If pulmonary embolism is suspected, computed tomography (CT) of the chest is done after a radiopaque contrast agent is injected into a vein. The contrast agent makes the blockage easier to see.

• For superficial blood clots, warm compresses, compression bandages, and elevation of the limb

• For deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, drugs

Treatment of a superficial blood clot in the leg consists of warm compresses (to reduce discomfort), compression bandages applied by a doctor or nurse, and, when resting, elevation of the affected leg (for example, by raising the foot of the bed 6 inches). Rarely, when the superficial blood clots are extensive, women are given drugs that make blood less likely to clot (anticoagulants Treatment Pulmonary embolism is the blocking of an artery of the lung (pulmonary artery) by a collection of solid material brought through the bloodstream (embolus)—usually a blood clot (thrombus) or… read more , which are sometimes called blood thinners).

Women with deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism need to take anticoagulants, which make blood less likely to clot. Sometimes doctors place a filter in the inferior vena cava Inferior Vena Cava Filters: One Way to Prevent Pulmonary Embolism (the vein that carries blood from the lower part of the body to the heart). The filter prevents a blood clot from the leg moving to the lungs. Rarely, surgery to remove the clot is necessary.

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What are the signs and symptoms of blood clots?

Written by: Bronwen Watson

Reviewed by: Dr Tamlyn Maree

• Blood clot
• Types and causes of blood clots
• What risk factors contribute to blood clots?
• What are the signs and symptoms of blood clots?
• What kinds of blood clot complications can occur?
• How are blood clots diagnosed?
• What treatment procedures are involved in dealing with blood clots?
• Are there ways to prevent blood clots and what are the associated complications?
• Blood clot FAQs

Not all occurrences of blood clots will show signs of noticeable physical distress. When any signs do become noticeable it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible. ⁽⁵⁾

The most common warning signs of a clot in the venous (vein) system / venous thromboembolism (which can mimic those of an infection) include:

• Oedema (swelling) – elevation or cold compresses will not likely reduce swelling in the case of a blood clot, as it would do in instances of muscle injury.
• Warm sensations (near the site of the clot / general area which may also sometimes be itchy)
• Inflammation or redness on the skin surface (in and around the affected area)
• Pain and or / tenderness (likened to a muscle cramp or charley horse – a sudden involuntary muscle contraction / spasm)
• Skin discolouration (red, bluish or blanching / pale)

Blood clots that occur in the deeper veins of the body effectively prohibit the flow of blood back to the heart. Such symptoms are often experienced in the legs or arms over the course of a few hours and vary in severity depending on the size of the thrombus. Most often, symptoms affect one area, such as one arm or leg, or side of the pelvis (clots affecting both limbs at the same time, for instance are very rare). A large clot may cause extensive swelling and pain in, for instance the entire leg, as opposed to just the calf area.

Signs of blood clots which have formed in the body’s arteries

Clots in the arteries can quickly become dangerous as blood is not able to be pumped to an affected area, which in turn deprives tissues of essential oxygenated blood supply (known as ischemia). Tissues then effectively begin to sustain damage and die, often resulting in a medical emergency. 

Signs of an arterial blood clot often depend on its location in the body:

• Coronary arteries (chest area i.e. myocardial infarction / heart attack): Indigestion, nausea, sweating, pressure in the chest (likened to a heavy feeling – an elephant sitting on the chest) or chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, rapid heart rate, cough, light-headedness (or loss of consciousness), numb or cold sensations (i. e. in the left arm), and sharp pain which radiates from the centre to the jaw, arm or back – on the left side (signs of possible heart attack).
• Arteries in the brain (or carotid arteries in the neck): Sudden headache, loss of vision (visual disturbances), impaired, difficulties with or loss of speech, loss of concentration, body weakness (especially in the arms), difficulties with movement or walking, loss of sensation in the body (especially on one side, such as the limbs), facial drooping or seizures and loss of consciousness (signs of possible stroke or transient ischemic attack, known as a ‘mini stroke’ or TIA). Blood clots may develop in the brain as a result of fatty deposits in the walls of blood vessels supplying blood to the brain. Alternatively, a head injury that results in a concussion can also lead to the formation of a thrombus. ⁽⁶⁾ Clots may form in the chest or neck area and also travel to the brain via the bloodstream, and potentially cause a stroke.  
• Mesenteric ischemia (abdominal area – mesenteric thrombosis): These arteries supply blood to the intestine. If a clot occurs it can cause severe abdominal pain (especially if this continually worsens or becomes more acute after eating), nausea and vomiting, swelling (bloating), diarrhoea and blood in the stool (faeces) or vomit – potential signs of mesenteric ischemia.

Pulmonary embolism

Signs that a blood clot has reached the lungs (signs of a pulmonary embolism / PE) include:

• Sudden shortness of breath (even when at rest and not in an active state)
• A rapid heart rate / pulse
• Heart palpitations (an awareness of heart beats)
• Fever
• Excessive sweating
• Chest pain (sharp)
• Breathing difficulties (chest pain may worsen when inhaling or coughing causing breathing problems)
• Coughing up of blood (bloody phlegm)
• Light-headedness or dizziness
• Loss of consciousness

Blood clot in kidney

Signs that a blood clot is affecting the kidneys include:

• Fever
• Nausea and / or vomiting
• Pain in the abdomen, thighs and / or lower legs
• Hypertension
• Blood in the urine
• Sudden swelling in the legs
• Breathing difficulties

Signs of a clot in the kidneys can become severe and cause serious complications, such as problems with removing waste from the body and kidney failure ⁽⁷⁾.

Knowing the warning signs can sometimes mean the difference between life and death. A clot that is mobile can quickly cause serious complications in the heart, lungs or brain. It’s important to recognise a combination of signs which can indicate the presence of a clot and act swiftly to ensure that a prompt medical diagnosis is made and the most effective treatment administered.

Bruise or blood clot?

Like blood clots, bruises (also known as contusions) involve blood abnormalities or injury which results in noticeable discolouration of the skin. A bruise effectively forms when injury or trauma occurs on the skin, or blunt force contributes to a fracture (broken bone).

Other risk factors for bruises include:

• Use of blood thinning or anticoagulant medications such as aspirin
• Bleeding disorders
• Vitamin C deficiency
• Frail or thin skin (which often occurs during senior years)

Capillaries, which are small blood vessels beneath the skin’s surface burst and trap blood in the affected area.  

Bruises may be painful, mildly uncomfortable, tender or sore, or result in no symptoms at all. Skin takes on a bluish or dark purple / black colour as a result of a lack of oxygenated blood being delivered to the affected area. During healing, bruises take on other colours such as red, green and yellow before completely returning to normal (i.e. disappearing). As discolouration fades, so too does any discomfort or pain.

Bruises may occur just beneath the skin’s surface (known as subcutaneous bruises), in the muscles or even in the bones (known as periosteal bruises). Symptoms of a bruise are generally consistent with each occurrence, no matter where on the body it occurs. 

Discolouration due to a blood clot will likely be accompanied by associated symptoms of the location of the thrombus (i.e. leg, arm, chest, abdomen, head etc.). Bruising is only worrisome when a cause is unknown and it is accompanied by severe swelling and pain or other symptoms. Bruising can also lead to the development of a blood clot. In this case, medical intervention is necessary to determine an underlying problem causing bruising as a symptom. 

For the most part, bruising is not a major concern and can be remedied with a little cold compress, followed by a warm one to reduce inflammation or discomfort. Blood clots which are noticeable with skin discolouration have more serious consequences and do require medical intervention, as soon as possible. 

References:

^{5. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. Venous Thromboembolism: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/venous-thromboembolism [Accessed 28.08.2018]}

^{6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. March 2017. What are the Signs and Symptoms of Concussion?: https://www.cdc.gov/traumaticbraininjury/symptoms.html [Accessed 28.08.2018]}

^{7. MedlinePlus. August 2018. Acute arterial occlusion – kidney: https://medlineplus. gov/ency/article/001272.htm [Accessed 28.08.2018]}

90,000 doctors named 7 signs of a dangerous disease – Teacher’s newspaper

Thrombosis is a complete or partial blockage of the lumen of blood vessels by a mobile or parietal thrombus. A dense blood clot that resembles jelly appears due to changes in the speed of blood flow. It is difficult to overestimate the danger, statistics show this: an insidious disease affects up to 70 percent of people in the world .

Photo: freepik.com

The numbers associated with thrombosis sound daunting: more people die each year from this disease than from AIDS, cancer and car accidents combined. In every fourth case (25%), an insidious disease overtakes unexpectedly. A person can die right before our eyes. Here he was joking, laughing in a circle of friends, talking about what he would do tomorrow. And then suddenly begins to choke and loses consciousness.

Doctors constantly remind you how important it is not to miss dangerous symptoms that may signal health problems. Many patients complain to doctors about discomfort in their legs after sitting for a long time behind the wheel or at a desk.

These signs may be the first “bells”. The experts told what symptoms you need to pay attention to, so as not to “start” thrombosis.

7 Signs of Thrombosis Everyone Should Know About

Leg cramps . People who have been diagnosed with a blood clot say they experienced very severe leg cramps. This is how blood clots “behave” in the veins of the lower extremities. If the seizures are ignored, a pulmonary embolism is possible. This condition is fatal.

Numbness, tingling of legs, fingers . Doctors call this symptom one of the most common in people with thrombosis. This symptom is especially dangerous for patients suffering from high blood pressure.

Pale skin . It is possible that a clot that disrupts the normal blood supply will change the color of the skin. It will become noticeably lighter than usual. Paleness of the skin is not yet a disease, but a good reason to go to a consultation with a therapist. A symptom may signal a violation in the circulatory system.

Photo: pixabay.com

Feeling hot or cold skin . Another common symptom of a blood clot is a change in temperature at the site of clot formation. This is due to impaired blood flow. Another serious reason to go to an appointment with a specialist.

Back pain . This symptom is considered relatively rare, but also refers to signs of a blood clot. A blood clot that forms in the pelvic area becomes a source of pain. If you do not pay attention to them, the blood circulation in the limbs may be disturbed, and the process may become irreversible.

Excessive sweating . Together with other symptoms, increased sweating can be one of the signs of thrombosis that should not be ignored. The blood clot in this case may be in the lungs or heart. Such blood clots, however, like others, require urgent surgical intervention.

Shortness of breath . Shortness of breath (or dyspnea) is the “silent” symptom of a pulmonary embolism caused by a blood clot in the lungs. Combined with signs of a blood clot in the leg, shortness of breath is a serious danger signal. A doctor must be contacted immediately. Life is at stake, according to pronews.gr.

Earlier, the Uchitelskaya Gazeta online publication reported that thrombosis is one of the most serious complications after coronavirus. They occur in 20%–30% of cases and can lead to strokes and heart attacks. And also about products that impair blood circulation and provoke thrombosis.

Thrombophlebitis of the veins of the extremities ▷ Treatment, causes, surgery

Chronic thrombophlebitis is an inflammatory process when a thrombus eventually forms and one or more veins in the legs are blocked. The blocked vein is located near the surface of the skin or deep in the muscle (DVT). The causes of varicose veins are trauma, surgery or prolonged immobilization.

DVT increases the risk of complications leading to serious health problems. Thrombosis is treated with blood thinners or other cardinal methods.

thrombophlebitis: The causes of

The cause of thrombophlebitis is usually a thrombus that can be formed as a result of the following factors:

• Vienna, which occurred due to:

1. Catheterization;
2. soft tissue injury;
3. puncture;
4. chemical attack;
5. infections.

There are several risk factors that contribute to the development of this disease:

• Inactivity for a long period due to bed rest.
• Physical inactivity.
• Overweight.
• Smoking and alcohol abuse.
• Pregnancy and childbirth.
• Metabolic disorders.
• Occupation: drivers, office workers, hairdressers.
• Age changes.
• Stroke or cancer.

How to recognize the symptoms of thrombophlebitis?

Superficial and deep thrombophlebitis of the leg are different from each other.

Symptoms of thrombophlebitis of superficial veins

Signs of thrombosis include warmth, hypersensitivity, pain in the affected area. Redness, swelling, or swelling may appear. At the very beginning, thrombosis is manifested by pain when walking. Then the leg begins to hurt and at rest. The pain is very burning and undulating, the site of the lesion itches. The temperature can jump up to 38 degrees.

When a vein is affected, a red hard mark can be seen near the surface of the skin, sensitive to touch, swollen and painful.

Seek immediate medical attention if a red, swollen, or tender vein is noticed, especially when several of the risk symptoms suggestive of superficial vein disease are present.

Symptoms of deep vein thrombophlebitis

A distinction is made between thrombosis of the lower extremities and thrombophlebitis of the upper extremities. Various methods are used for diagnosis and treatment.

Deep thrombophlebitis of the veins of the lower extremities gives the following symptoms:

• change in skin color, it becomes cyanotic;
• the limb may be completely pale due to impaired blood flow;
• body temperature rises;
• puffiness appears;
• muscles become tight, tense.

The greater the pain and the greater the swelling, the greater the level of damage to deep venous vessels.

If there is pain or swelling in the legs, shortness of breath, chest pain that gets worse with breathing, you need to go to the emergency room. This may indicate that a blood clot has traveled through the veins into the lungs (pulmonary embolism). It can be a threat to the life of the patient.

Often thrombosis becomes infected, abscesses or local suppurations appear. In such cases, medical therapeutic or surgical treatment is recommended.

Danger of thrombophlebitis

Large venous vessels do not have a muscular coat, so the clots are tightly attached to the wall. Due to pressure drops, a blood clot can come off, fall apart into small particles, and then clog the vessels of the lungs or brain.

It becomes difficult for the patient to breathe, pulmonary heart failure and death occur. When a small vessel is blocked, an organ infarction can occur.

Chronic venous insufficiency is a life-threatening complication, as chronic edema occurs with impaired venous outflow. This condition contributes to the appearance of trophic ulcers, sepsis, eczema.

If risk factors are identified, treatment strategies and further prevention should be discussed with the attending physician.

Complications of thrombophlebitis

Superficial thrombophlebitis does not cause complications. If a patient is diagnosed with deep vein thrombophlebitis, the risk of serious complications increases.

Thrombosis may result in the following diseases:

• Pulmonary embolism.

When a deep vein clot moves, it can block the pulmonary artery (embolism). This can become potentially life-threatening.

• Post-phlebitis syndrome.

This condition may develop months or even years after DVT has been diagnosed. Post-phlebitic syndrome can cause long-term disabling pain, swelling, heaviness in the affected leg

Diagnosis

To determine if a patient has superficial or deep thrombosis, the doctor can choose several diagnostic methods:

• ultrasound or scanning of the vessels of the extremities;
• x-ray or contrast phlebography;
• scanning using radionuclides;
• rheovasography of the lower extremities, which allows to assess the state of the microvasculature.

Testing can confirm the diagnosis and distinguish between the degree of vein damage, the condition of the vessels and surrounding tissues.

For diagnosis, the doctor may send the patient for tests. Almost every person who has a blood clot has a high level of D-dimer, a substance responsible for cleaning the blood. This may indicate the need for a deeper examination.

Methods for the treatment of thrombophlebitis

Treatment of thrombosis can be conservative, surgical, combined.

In the conservative method, patients are prescribed drug therapy.

For superficial thrombophlebitis, your doctor may recommend applying heat to the painful area, raising the affected leg high, using non-steroidal drugs and anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), or wearing compression stockings.

The condition usually improves quickly on its own. Women who are pregnant or in labor are advised to use birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy, which can increase the chance of blood clotting.

Your doctor may also recommend the following treatments for both types of thrombophlebitis:

• Blood thinners.

If deep vein thrombosis is diagnosed, an injection of a blood thinner (anticoagulant), such as low molecular weight heparin or fondaparinux (Arixtra), will help reduce the increase in clots. After initial treatment, the oral anticoagulant warfarin (Coumadin, Yantoven) may be taken. The doctor may prescribe a new drug, rivaroxaban (Xarelto), which prevents clots from growing.

• Clot-dissolving agents.

Treatment with drugs such as alteplase (Activase) causes blood clots to dissolve. This method (thrombolysis) is used to treat extensive DVT, including pulmonary embolism.

• Compression stockings.

Helps prevent swelling and reduce DVT complications.

• Cava filter.

If blood thinners cannot be taken, a filter can be inserted into the vena cava to prevent clots from clumping. Subsequently, the filter is removed from the vein.

• Vascular surgery.

A varicose vein that causes pain or recurrent thrombosis may be surgically removed by a physician. Vein removal surgery does not affect the circulation in the legs. Many patients have a pacemaker or a thin, flexible tube (catheter) placed in a central vein. This method of treatment is very effective, but traumatic and the cost of the operation is high.

For the treatment of thrombosis, venotonics are prescribed, which restore the tone of the venous walls and prevent the progression of the disease.

Along with drug treatment, you can use body care measures that help reduce thrombophlebitis.

Namely, the following procedures can be done:

• warm compress on the area of ​​inflammation 2-3 times a day;
• x-ray or contrast phlebography;
• raised leg support;
• taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) or naproxen sodium (Aleve).

If deep vein thrombosis is diagnosed, the following measures should be taken:

• Take prescription anticoagulants to prevent complications.