Managing Eczema in Winter and Year Round: A Parents Guide

Skin

Cold, dry outdoor air and indoor heating can rob skin of its natural moisture in the winter. Red, crusty, dry patches can be common on a baby’s skin, particularly in winter, and cause concern for parents. Such symptoms can be treated, however, and many babies and children do outgrow the dry, itchy skin of atopic dermatitis, also known as eczema.

We spoke with pediatric dermatologist Katherine Puttgen to learn more. 

What is eczema?

Broadly speaking, eczema describes dry, rashy and itchy skin. It is a hereditary and chronic skin disorder most commonly seen in infants or very young children, often beginning in the first year of life and most commonly seen before age 5. Eczema is not contagious.

While many children outgrow eczema, for some it might last into adolescence or adulthood. The American Academy of Dermatology estimates that 10-to-20 percent of children in the world have eczema, and it affects up to 20 percent of infants.

What causes eczema in infants and children?

Eczema is brought about by the complex interplay of a genetic predisposition and the child’s environment. Many things – from the climate to possible allergens – can cause eczema to flare. We know that eczema tends to run in the families with a predisposition to other atopic diseases, such as food allergies, asthma and hay fever. Individuals with atopic dermatitis may lack certain proteins in the skin, which leads to greater sensitivity. Parents with eczema are more likely to have children with eczema. However, the exact way it passes from parents to children is still not known. Most children who have eczema will show signs of the condition in the first year of life. It tends to wax and wane in severity.

What causes eczema to wax, to flare?

Different “triggers” can make eczema worse. For infants, these can be irritants such as wool, certain detergents or extreme temperatures, or other immune triggers, such as food allergies and asthma, and even pet dander.

Most kids with the condition have the hardest time in winter, when the air is cold and dry. A small percentage has a harder time in the summer, when it is hot and humid.

What does it look like?

The signs of eczema in infants include itchy, dry and scaly skin, redness and swelling of the skin and small bumps that open and weep when scratched. In infants and young children, eczema is usually found on the face, outside of the elbows, and on the knees.

In older children and adults, eczema tends to be on the hands and feet, the arms, and on the back of the knees.Keep in mind that all patches of dry skin are not eczema. The cold, dry outdoor air and indoor heating can dry all babies’ skin in winter, causing dry patches. In children prone to dry skin, so can the sun, air conditioning, and pool and salt water.

We dermatologists usually say “if it’s not itchy, it’s not eczema”; you can’t make a diagnosis of eczema unless there is an itchiness that goes with the rash. Babies with cradle cap, also known as seborrheic dermatitis, can also have a wide-spread rash, which is not eczema in itself. But it is common for cradle cap and eczema to co-exist in the first several months of life.

How is eczema diagnosed?

Eczema symptoms may resemble other skin conditions, so always consult your child’s pediatrician. A diagnosis includes a complete medical history and a physical examination.

How is it treated?

Because there is not yet a cure for eczema, our treatment goals are to reduce itching and skin inflammation, and to prevent infection. The best treatment for eczema is a proactive one, using gentle skin care and moisturizers to re-establish the skin barrier.

Infants’ and older children’s skin should be kept well moisturized, and washed with fragrance-free non-soap cleansers. We also recommend a fragrance-free ointment-based moisturizer, with petrolatum as either the only or the first ingredient. In young children and infants, it is reasonable to use an over-the-counter topical hydrocortisone ointment, which is a mild topical steroid, for up to a week.

But if the rash either persists or you find that you need to use the hydrocortisone more than one week out of the month, you should discuss further use with your child’s pediatrician. You can apply the ointment, as prescribed, then a coat of petrolatum-based moisturizer, to help keep in the moisture.

For school-age children, who don’t want to be so greasy, we usually talk about creams. As for infants, though, when their skin gets very dry, we still recommend a petroleum-based ointment as a top coat. In addition to providing the best barrier protection, ointments don’t sting or burn when applied; creams and lotions sometimes can when the skin is inflamed and very dry. Moisturizers should be applied at least two to three times a day; for children in diapers, each diaper change can present an easy opportunity to moisturize the skin. More frequent use of moisturizers results in better control of itching and less frequent need for topical steroids, and it helps to restore the skin’s natural barrier function.

For all ages of kids with eczema, or prone to eczema, baths should be brief (less than 15 minutes) in warm water, to avoid over-drying of the skin. Children should be protected against scratching their skin (little mitts can help infants) and from irritants that contact their skin, such as harsh detergents and certain fabrics (including bedding). To reduce potential skin irritation, babies and children with eczema should wear only cotton or other natural fiber clothing next to the skin, with the exception of wool, of course. And they should be protected against cold (or very hot) environments to help prevent a skin reaction.

If your child’s skin does not respond well to any of these measures or becomes infected, contact your pediatrician, who can diagnose the condition and then prescribe another topical cream or antihistamine.

Is a cure or better treatment for eczema on the horizon?

Without a cure on the near horizon, we here at Johns Hopkins are creating an Eczema Day Treatment Unit to help our patients with moderate to severe eczema keep their symptoms under control and prevent flare-ups. We anticipate that this novel, multidisciplinary program will include experts from Child Life, behavioral psychology, allergy, dermatology and infectious diseases to provide the comprehensive care these children need – care that cannot be provided in an average clinic visit.

A primary goal of the day treatment unit will be education; children and their families will learn techniques such as wet-wrap therapy, to help deeply moisturize the skin. This therapy involves coating the skin with a topical ointment, followed by a greasy ointment like petroleum jelly, then dressing in wet pajamas, followed by dry pajamas, allowing the skin to soak in the moisture.

In partnering with our colleagues in behavioral psychology, we have seen many of our patients with severe eczema improve significantly with help in finding ways to avoid scratching, which inflames their skin condition, and by helping older children talk about the social difficulties in coping with a chronic condition or going to school with a visible disorder. Child Life specialists are an integral part of the Johns Hopkins Children’s Center and their ability to engage children in age-appropriate play and conversation is an important cornerstone of building a successful program. Because food and environmental allergies and skin infections are more frequent in children with moderate to severe eczema, strong partnerships with our experts in pediatric allergy and infectious diseases are key, as well.

What about research?

At Johns Hopkins, a lot of us in pediatric dermatology, pediatric infectious disease and pediatric allergy and immunology are looking at better ways to prevent or manage eczema. We’re studying the optimal management of bacterial colonization and infection in atopic skin and the role of food allergy in eczema. Our specialties collaborate; each brings a different approach to eczema management. Our goal is to work together to harness the best approaches to better understand eczema and, in doing so, to treat it more effectively.

What else is happening at Johns Hopkins today?

We go out of our way to provide the comprehensive care our patients with eczema need. On a case-by-case basis, we communicate with one another – whether in allergy, dermatology, psychology or infectious disease – to put together the best course of treatment for each child.We are optimistic that future therapies and approaches to care for those with even severe eczema are going to be greatly improved with more research and that the creation of the Eczema Day Treatment Unit will help us conduct cutting edge research and answer questions we face every day seeing and treating patients.

Like other atopic diseases, such as food allergies, is the incident of eczema in children increasing?

Yes. We don’t really know why. But we’re on the case to find answers.

7 Weird Skin Issues You Should Definitely Get Checked Out

It’s probably nothing, right? We hate to break it to you, but some stubborn skin issues are seriously worth worrying about. Whether it’s an itch that won’t go away or two-toned nails, MDs share the symptoms that should send you straight to your dermatologist: 

1. Itchy skin with red, raised patches
More than your sanity could be at risk with an unknown itch. Flat red patches, raised plaques with a scaly surface, or lumps accompanied by severe itching in some cases can signal lymphoma of the skin, says Debra Jaliman, MD, dermatologist and author of Skin Rules. If the cluster of symptoms sounds familiar, start dialing—only a dermatologist can evaluate if this serious illness is the culprit.  

MORE: 9 Things Your Vagina Is Trying To Tell You

2. A breakout that acne treatments can’t fix 
You’ve used every lotion and potion around and, alas, that breakout still won’t budge. That could be because you’re actually suffering from rosacea, a skin condition that causes redness and pus-filled bumps that are nearly impossible to tell apart from a regular breakout, until you’re diagnosed by a pro, says Rebecca Kazin, MD, medical director of the Johns Hopkins Dermatology and Cosmetic Center. Although there’s no cure for rosacea, symptoms can be treated and controlled with Rx creams like ivermectin—an antiparasitic drug—and an oral antibiotic like doxycycline, she says. 

3. Dry patches that won’t go away
If your dry patches stick around, regardless of the umpteen nights you’ve been slathering lotion on them, the skin conditions eczemaor psoriasismight be the real problem, says Kazin. (Both eczema and psoriasis produce red, irritated patches on the skin; however, psoriasis is characterized by white scales on the irritated portion, whereas eczema generally is not. ) They’re not life-threatening, but there’s no reason to live with them. Both conditions can be treated and controlled with proper medication: topical or oral steroids or antihistamines, in the case of eczema, and vitamin D creams, topical steroids, oral medications, or ultraviolet light and excimer laser treatments for psoriasis, says Kazin. 

4. Discolored nails that aren’t stained by polish

Thomas Eyedesign/Getty Images

If you’ve ever painted your nails, you know a faint stain post–polish removal is par for the course. But if discoloration is the norm for you, take note. White or yellow nail beds may be a sign of fungal growth, whereas greenish hues can indicate a bacterial infection in or around the nail, Kazin warns. Nail discoloration can also flag liver or kidney disease: Patients with renal failure often have “half-and-half” nails, where nails are white at the base and brown at the tip, she says. Bring up the issue at your next visit to your dermatologist, or sooner if it worsens. (Check out these 9 other things your nails say about your health.)

5. Pigmented patches on your body

Tinea Versicolor 4fr/Getty Images

If you have light brown patches on your chest and back that look dry and flaky, you may have tinea versicolor, a sweat-induced yeast infection of the skin. (It’s easy to distinguish from the common pigmentation disorder melasma, which usually affects facial skin instead.) Sure, it’s gross, but it’s not a painful or contagious condition. Once you see your dermatologist, the issue can be treated with antifungal creams, lotions, or pills that control yeast, says Kazin. 

6. Scaly patches lotion can’t help 
Scaly patches on the skin can be a sign of ringworm, says Jaliman. Despite its name, there’s no actual worm involved (whew!). It’s a fungal infection that develops on the top layer of skin; you’ll know it by the red, circular rash with clearer skin in the middle. Typically, those with ringworm have dogs or cats with the same problem, explains Jaliman. Thankfully, it can be easily identified and treated with a prescription cream or antifungal pill. “Your doctor will take a scraping and look at it under the microscope to be sure,” says Jaliman. 

MORE: 9 Ways Therapists Can Tell If Your Relationship Is Going To Survive

7. Hair that’s suddenly thinner  

Peopleimages/Getty Images

We probably don’t have to tell you to head to the doctor if you’re losing hair, but there are a number of factors that can bring it on: One common type of hair loss, typically caused by stress, is alopecia areata, which looks like a circular bald patch and can be treated with cortisone injections. Another stress-related cause of hair loss is telogen effluvium, which can result in loss of up to 20% of hair and usually shows up about 2 to 3 months after pregnancy, surgery, illness, or some type of extreme shock to the body, Kazin says. (Check out these 9 causes of hair loss in women, and how to treat them.) Hair typically comes back on its own after telogen effluvium, though your dermatologist may suggest oral finasteride or topical Rogaine to power up regrowth. Finally, sudden hair loss could be a sign of either hypo- or hyperthyroidism, which can be determined by a blood test and treated with oral medications, says Jaliman. 

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is your skin on your lower legs dry and itchy?

Our lower legs can sometimes get inflamed or itchy. This is known as dermatitis.

What causes dermatitis / dry, itchy skin?

Dermatitis on the lower legs can often be caused by eczema. Eczema is a common skin condition that comes in many forms and affects people of all ages. It’s not contagious, so you can’t catch it from someone else.

Contact eczema / dermatitis

Contact eczema / dermatitis accounts for 70-90% of all occupational skin disease. It is an iflammatory skin condition  caused by external irritants such as body lotions and creams, or by clothing that contains wool.

Atopic eczema / dermatitis

Atopic eczema is more common in children but you can also develop it for the first time as an adult.  It is not clear what causes atopic eczema but it often occurs in people who have allergies.

Varicose eczema / dermatitis

Varicose eczema happens when high pressure in the veins in the legs pushes our blood into the skin tissue. This causes irritation. Varicose eczema is usually red and very itchy with scaly patches. Sometimes you may have patches that are also weeping or notice reddish brown staining above your ankle. Varicose eczema can be itchy and you are advised not to scratch and this can exacerbate the itchiness and damage or break the skin.

Getting diagnosed with dermatitis

If you have dry, itchy or scaly skin on your legs, make an appointment at your GP practice. You may be given an appointment to see the nurse rather than the doctor as nurses are often responsible for caring for patients with leg problems.

Alternatively, there might be a Leg Club  or specialist leg clinic in your area. You don’t need to be referred by your GP to attend one of these.

When you see the nurse or doctor, they should:

• Ask about your symptoms and how long you have had problems
• Examine your lower legs

If it looks like you have varicose eczema, you may be offered a simple test called a Doppler ultrasound. This test compares blood flow in your ankle with that in your arm to find out if there are blood flow problems in your lower leg. You might have to come back to have your Doppler test on another day or at another clinic but you should have this test within a few weeks of your first appointment.

You may also wish to visit your local pharmacy in the first instance and speak to a pharmacist who may be able to assist.

Treatment – what treatment will I be offered for dermatitis?

If you have any form of eczema, the most important thing is to keep your skin clean and well moisturised. Avoid soap and washing with hot water as this can dry the skin and cause irritation, use warm water. Use a moisturising soap substitute when washing, bathing and showering.

After washing gently dry the skin avoiding excessive rubbing to reduce friction and irritation. Ensure the skin is fully dry before applying a moisturiser paying particular attention to in between the toes. Applying the moisturiser in a downward motion not against the hair growth can help prevent irritation of the hair follicle from the moisturiser. Allow the emollient to soak in for a time before applying clothes or undergarments as this will help optimise absorption.

Always moisturise your skin after washing, bathing and showering preferably using a unperfumed emollient. You might want to use a bath emollient or oil in addition to your moisturising lotion, cream or ointment, as these clean and hydrate the whole body. If you’re using bath oils, remember to also use a rubber mat or grip rail as the bathtub can become very slippery.

Sometimes, your skin may need more than just a moisturiser. Your doctor or nurse may recommend a mild steroid ointment or cream to be applied to the areas of eczema.

If you have varicose eczema, compression therapy can also help improve your blood flow and ease varicose eczema.

Further reading around dermatitis

The National Eczema Society has useful information:

Contact eczema 

Atopic eczema

Varicose eczema

The Primary Care Dermatology Society has lots of useful information including a Dermatology Dictionary

Download this page as a pdf to print

Perioral Dermatitis: The Red Rash Around Your Mouth

The rash can get worse when you first stop applying the corticosteroid. Even if it’s causing your perioral dermatitis, it still might be combating unrelated inflammation in the area, so that condition can bounce back with a vengeance for a bit. You’ll probably be tempted to start using the corticosteroid again, but don’t—that will only give you temporary relief, the AAD says, and even that’s not a guarantee. Then, every time you stop using it, you might experience a perioral dermatitis flare-up.

If you haven’t been using a corticosteroid cream and are still dealing with perioral dermatitis, check in with a doctor if possible. Every case of perioral dermatitis is different, which is why it’s best to chat with a dermatologist ASAP for help treating it, no matter the cause, Dr. Bailey says. If it’s not diagnosed and treated early, the bumps can become deeper and more stubborn, she says.

To deal with perioral dermatitis, a dermatologist may do the following, the AAD says:

• Examine your rash to determine the correct treatment plan.
• Prescribe an oral antibiotic such as tetracycline or erythromycin.
• Figure out if you need to treat any inflammation you were potentially targeting with corticosteroids.
• Advise you on how to baby your skin so it can get better.

Your skin-care regimen is extremely important in this time—the last thing you want to do is douse your healing skin in harsh chemicals. The AAD specifically recommends that you switch to a mild, fragrance-free cleanser if you’re not using one already, and be extra gentle when you wash your face. You may also need to use gentle, fragrance-free skin-care products. Whatever you do, avoid potentially irritating ingredients, and check out these products that are often great for sensitive skin. Be sure to ask your doctor for recommendations if you’re at all unsure about what you should use.

Dealing with a red rash around your mouth is stressful, but unfortunately there isn’t much guidance on how to cure perioral dermatitis fast. That’s because perioral dermatitis doesn’t just go away overnight, even with treatment. Instead, it usually clears out slowly and can take a few weeks up to a few months to completely go away, the AAD says, so you’ll need to incorporate a bit of patience into your treatment plan.

You can prevent perioral dermatitis going forward.

In most cases, as long as you avoid whatever caused your perioral dermatitis, that red rash around your mouth should be gone for good, according to Dr. Zeichner. If you were using some type of facial corticosteroid cream, see if your doctor has any other suggestions for addressing the skin issues that ail you. If your perioral dermatitis seemed linked to some other kind of cosmetic product (like makeup, cleanser, or sunscreen) or even the toothpaste you were using, now’s the time to experiment with some alternative products. Ideally, you can get the results you’re after without a red rash popping up around your mouth to keep you company.

Related:

5 most common kid skin rashes and sensitivities (and how to soothe them)

Your kid’s skin is a shield from the world around him. All too often, this protective layer becomes dry, irritated and blotchy. It can be stressful to see angry rashes or itchy patches pop up on your kids, but as Vancouver dermatologist Sunil Kalia says: “Sensitive skin is quite common in babies and toddlers.” In fact, most skin troubles are preventable or easily treated (moisturizer often works wonders). But when lotion won’t cut it, you’ll need a more targeted approach.

1. Eczema

Eczema (also sometimes called atopic dermatitis) is a chronic skin condition that affects an estimated 17 percent of kids, says Miriam Weinstein, a paediatric dermatologist at Toronto’s Hospital for Sick Children. The skin isn’t able to keep moisture in and irritants out and, as a result, can become dry, itchy and inflamed. Just as allergies run in families, eczema can be inherited.

What are the symptoms of eczema

Skin will look dry, red, raised and scaly, and will be quite itchy—you’ll probably see your kid scratching, sometimes to the point of drawing blood. Infants may have patches of eczema on their arms, legs, scalp, forehead and cheeks (the diaper area is often spared because the moisture is kept in). In toddlers, eczema can worsen in elbow creases and behind the knees—anywhere the skin may become irritated by heat and clothing. It can worsen in dry winter air or with heat and sweat in summer. Fragrances and chemicals in lotions, detergents and shampoos, as well as polyester clothing, may also further irritate the skin.

How do I treat eczema?

Eczema is very uncomfortable, and the itch can keep a kid up at night. It’s important to get a diagnosis, but even then it can be hard to control. “Managing it is an art as much as it is a science,” says Weinstein.

Eczema might first look like a patch of dry skin, but it can quickly worsen as your kid scratches. Keeping the skin well-moisturized is your first line of defence (that, and keeping his nails short). Bathe him, pat his skin and then liberally apply moisturizer while it’s still damp. On days when he doesn’t bathe, keep moisturizing. There are dozens of products formulated for eczema—whether it’s a thin lotion or thick ointment, choose one that’s affordable and works for your kid, because you’ll be applying it often and liberally, says Weinstein.

Focus on moisturizing instead of driving yourself crazy trying to figure out what’s triggering flares, Weinstein says. “People will turn their lives upside down, searching for that one thing that if they could only eliminate it, the eczema would go away. That tends to send them down an unhelpful path.”

Eczema can appear without reason, despite your best efforts. In these cases, your doctor will likely recommend a mild steroid cream (a.k.a. cortisone) to calm the itching and redness—broken skin from scratching can leave kids vulnerable to a staph infection. People with eczema often also have food or environmental allergies. Experts do not recommend eliminating foods in search of a trigger, as it may lead to serious problems, like malnutrition. “It’s like having blond hair and blue eyes,” says Weinstein. “They’re two genetic traits that tend to travel together, but the blond hair doesn’t cause the blue eyes, just as eating certain foods doesn’t typically cause a flare-up of eczema.”

2. Heat rash

Heat rash, prickly heat, sweat rash—all these terms refer to a skin upset that develops when your kid gets hot and her skin isn’t properly ventilated. “Sweat gets trapped underneath the skin and causes it to be red and bumpy,” explains Tara Chobotuk, a paediatrician in Halifax. Babies often get heat rash in the winter, when caregivers bundle them up in too many layers. Parents should take heat rash as a warning, she says. “Babies can have difficulty regulating body temperature, and they can get dehydrated quickly. Make sure they’re comfortable and not overheated.” Heat rash can show up on a kid’s back after too much time in a hot car seat or in skin folds from wearing tight or synthetic clothing.

What are the symptoms of a heat rash?

The rash is made up of tiny red bumps. Weinstein says many parents confuse heat rash with heat- and sweat-induced eczema. If the rash appears on an area that’s been covered up, it’s likely heat rash. But when a parent tells her, “Whenever my child gets overheated, she seems to get heat rash,” that’s likely an eczema flare-up.

How do I treat a heat rash?

Heat rash isn’t serious and should go away on its own in one to two days. Take the irritation as a sign that your kid isn’t comfortable, and make adjustments in how you’re dressing him.

3. Hives

Hives are the body’s reaction to an allergen or a virus. The most common cause in kids is a virus—even a stomach bug can bring them on. The allergen or virus activates immune cells that release histamine, causing raised, often red and itchy spots that are as small as a dot or as big as a plate—quite scary—and may be localized or spread all over the body.

What are the symptoms of hives?

A hallmark of hives is that they come and go, sometimes within minutes or hours, but definitely within a day or two. If the spot has been there for more than two days, it’s not a hive. In some cases, the cause might be easy to trace—your kid eats a strawberry and a splotch appears on his upper lip. But sometimes it’s not as easy to figure it out: Hives can appear up to three weeks after a virus has passed. One or two spots don’t necessarily warrant a doctor’s visit, but if you’re unsure, have it checked out.

How do I treat hives?

If hives are accompanied by any lip or tongue swelling, breathing difficulties or profuse vomiting, your child may be having an anaphylactic reaction. Call 911 immediately. Otherwise, hives are harmless—but very itchy. To calm the skin, your doctor may recommend an oral non-sedating kids’ antihistamine, like Aerius or Reactine. Benadryl is an option, but it does have a sedative effect. (Talk to your doctor, as these drugs aren’t approved for kids under two.)

4. Chapped skin

Chapped skin is irritated, red and scaly, and is common in winter, when kids’ faces and hands are exposed to the cold and wind. Frequent handwashing—while a great habit—can cause the backs of hands to become dry and sore. Kids with parched lips often have a tendency to lick them, but their saliva can aggravate the skin around their mouths. “In the winter, I probably see 10 kids a week with what we call lip-licker’s dermatitis,” says Weinstein.

What are the symptoms of chapped skin?

Chapped skin is raised, red and scaly. While it isn’t typically itchy, skin may feel tight, peel or crack, and in severe cases may bleed.

How do I treat chapped skin?

Prevention may be the best approach. Apply a little extra moisturizer in the morning. For chapped lips and skin around the mouth, dermatologist Sunil Kalia recommends a thick, greasy, fragrance-free lip balm or barrier cream like petroleum jelly. And remind kids to moisturize after handwashing. Any redness should clear up in a few days.

5. Contact dermatitis

Sometimes called contact eczema, contact dermatitis is a rash that appears after skin comes in contact with an irritant or allergen. It looks similar to eczema—red and scaly—but is more localized. Potential irritants include detergent, citrus or even a kid’s own saliva. A common cause is nickel, which can be found in jewellery, belt buckles and even onesie snaps; other metals, chemicals and fragrances can also produce allergic contact dermatitis. The rash typically lasts as long as the trigger is present, but a severe reaction may need some help.

What are the symptoms of contact dermatitis?

While rare, its cause can sometimes be very obvious: Your daughter wears new earrings and a rash appears on her lobes. When the trigger isn’t as evident, Kalia says, contact dermatitis can often be mistaken for and treated as eczema—if the rash doesn’t clear, you’re dealing with contact dermatitis.

How to treat contact dermatitis?

First, pinpoint and remove the trigger if you possible. If the rash is all over your kid’s body, switch to unscented laundry detergent. If your kid loves citrus but keeps getting rashes on his face, apply a barrier cream like petroleum jelly around his mouth before he eats. (This also works on drooly babies’ chins and necks.) A serious, persistent rash may require a mild cortisone cream to clear it.

Read more:
An age-by-age guide to skin rashes and conditions
Relieve dry skin with an oatmeal bath
10 common rashes (photos): Symptoms and treatment

Overview of Dermatitis – Skin Disorders

Dermatitis is inflammation of the upper layers of the skin, causing itching, blisters, redness, swelling, and often oozing, scabbing, and scaling.

• Known causes include dry skin, contact with a particular substance, certain drugs, and varicose veins.

• Typical symptoms include a red itchy rash, scaling, open sores, oozing, and crusting.

• The diagnosis is typically based on symptoms and confirmed by results of skin tests or skin samples or the presence of suspected drugs or irritants.

• Avoiding known irritants and allergens (substances that cause an allergic reaction) reduces the risk of dermatitis.

• Treatment depends on the cause and the specific symptoms.

Some types of dermatitis affect only specific parts of the body (such as contact dermatitis Contact Dermatitis Contact dermatitis is skin inflammation caused by direct contact with a particular substance. The rash may be itchy, is confined to a specific area, and often has clearly defined boundaries… read more , including poison ivy Poison Ivy Poison ivy is an allergic contact dermatitis that causes a very itchy rash caused by exposure to the oil urushiol, which coats the leaves of poison ivy plants. An itchy, red rash and multiple… read more ; nummular dermatitis Nummular Dermatitis Nummular dermatitis is a persistent, usually itchy rash and inflammation of the skin characterized by coin-shaped spots and scale. (See also Overview of Dermatitis.) The cause of nummular dermatitis… read more ; stasis dermatitis Stasis Dermatitis Stasis dermatitis is inflammation of the skin of the lower legs resulting from the pooling of blood and fluid. (See also Overview of Dermatitis.) Stasis dermatitis occurs in people who have… read more ; lichen simplex chronicus Lichen Simplex Chronicus Lichen simplex chronicus is chronic, itchy inflammation of the top layer of the skin caused by repeated scratching, rubbing, or both. Lichen simplex chronicus involves a cycle in which scratching… read more ; seborrheic dermatitis Seborrheic Dermatitis Seborrheic dermatitis is chronic inflammation that causes yellow, greasy scales and dandruff to form on areas of the skin that have a high number of oil glands such as the scalp and face, along. .. read more ; and hand and foot dermatitis Hand and Foot Dermatitis Hand and foot dermatitis is a chronic dermatitis characterized by red, scaly, thickened skin on the hands, the feet, or both. (See also Overview of Dermatitis.) Hand and foot dermatitis often… read more ), whereas others can occur anywhere (such as atopic dermatitis Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema) Atopic dermatitis (commonly referred to as eczema) is chronic, itchy inflammation of the upper layers of the skin that often develops in people who have hay fever or asthma and in people who… read more ).

Chronic dermatitis persists over a long period of time. The hands are particularly vulnerable to chronic dermatitis, because the hands are in frequent contact with many foreign substances. Chronic dermatitis can have many different causes. Chronic scratching and rubbing because of itching often results in thickening of the skin (lichenification).

Symptoms of Dermatitis

• Thickening of skin, or lichenification (in chronic dermatitis)

Chronic dermatitis often results in thickening of skin and cracks in the skin. Any type of dermatitis may be complicated by an infection.

Diagnosis of Dermatitis

• Skin or blood tests or both

Doctors base the diagnosis of dermatitis on the person’s symptoms and on what the rash looks like and where it appears on the body. Doctors try to determine whether the person has come in contact with an irritating substance, has an allergy, or has an infection.

Prevention of Dermatitis

To reduce the risk of dermatitis, people should avoid known allergens and irritating substances (triggers).

Treatment of Dermatitis

• Supportive care (such as moisturizers and dressings, and antihistamines for itching)

• Topical corticosteroids or other immunosuppressive (drugs that decrease the immune system responses) creams or ointments

• Sometimes systemic (bodywide) immunosuppressive drugs or injections

• Sometimes ultraviolet (UV) light therapy

How To Tell The Difference

Holistic

Eczema vs Dry Skin: How To Tell The Difference

What is Eczema?

Eczema is an inflammatory skin condition that results in red, dry itchy skin. Also called dermatitis, eczema can result in skin bleeding and crusting over in the folds of the arms, back of the knees, wrists, and hands. So, how do you know if you have eczema? We cover everything you need to know in this article, including eczema vs. dry skin.

What are the Types and What are the Symptoms of Eczema?

The National Eczema Association has identified seven main types of eczema. If you’ve ever wondered, “What are the symptoms of eczema?” we’re here to help you understand the symptoms associated with different types of eczema.

• 1. Atopic dermatitis

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common form of eczema. AD is chronic that can last throughout an entire person’s life. AD is caused by the mutation of the gene that creates filaggrin. Filaggrin is a protein found in the body that creates a protective barrier on the top layer of skin. Without filaggrin, AD is more likely to develop as moisture more easily leaves the skin without its protective barrier. There are many root causes of any skin condition, however, it’s good to be aware that stress is a common trigger resulting in stress-related eczema.
  • How to know if you have atopic eczema:
    • Rash forms in elbow and knee creases
    • Skin where the rash is may be discolored, red, or thick 
    • Small bumps can appear and leak fluid

• 2. Contact Dermatitis

  • Contact dermatitis occurs when the skin comes into contact with an allergen or foreign substance that triggers a reaction in the skin. There are two types of contact dermatitis: irritant dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis. Irritant dermatitis is a type of dermatitis that occurs when the skin is injured by one of the following: chemicals (acids, alkalis, detergents, and solvents), cold/dry environments, friction (handwashing), or over-exposure to water. Allergic dermatitis is an allergic reaction that is delayed and develops one to two days after skin has been in contact with the allergen. Rashes and swelling occurs when skin comes into contact with an allergen (typically makeup, hair dye, and poison ivy)
  • Symptoms of irritant dermatitis include:
    • Rash and bumpy skin in the exposed area
    • Burning, stinging, or itching in the affected area
    • Dry patches, resembling a burn
    • Symptoms of allergic dermatitis include:
    • Flaky, scaly, red skin
    • Hives
    • Oozing blisters
    • Burning or itching
    • Sun sensitivity 

• 3. Neurodermatitis

  • Neurodermatitis occurs on one to two patches of skin. It is not widespread and results in frequent scratching of a certain area. The patches of skin itch so intensely that patients are unable to stop themselves. The scratching can irritate nerve endings which worsens the condition. If the patches do not go away, the skin protects itself by becoming thick and leathery known as lichen simplex chronicus. 
  • Symptoms of neurodermatitis are:
    • Thick, scaly skin patches
    • Patches are extremely itchy, especially when you are relaxed or asleep
    • Patches bleed and get infected when scratched

• 4. Dyshidrotic Eczema

  • Dyshidrotic eczema causes itchy blisters on the hands and feet. It is more common in women than men and is thought to have a genetic component. 
  • Symptoms are:
    • Blisters on fingers, toes, palms, and soles of the feet that are filled with fluid
    • Blisters are painful and itchy

• 5. Nummular eczema

  • Nummular dermatitis is a different form of eczema with the main symptoms being circular, oozy, itchy patches of skin that can resemble the shape of a coin. It occurs typically when the skin experiences trauma including burns or insect bites.
  • Nummular eczema symptoms appear as coin-shaped patches of skin that are discolored, itchy, and leak fluids.

• 6. Seborrheic dermatitis

  • Seborrheic dermatitis appears on the body as dandruff on the scalp or yellow scaly skin on the ears and face. Seborrheic dermatitis occurs when there is excess growth of Malassezia yeast in the skin. The excess growth leads to inflammation, dryness, and itchy skin patches. 
  • Symptoms are:
    • Skin flakes on scalp, hair, eyebrows, or beard
    • Greasy skin patches covered with scales that crust on the scalp, face, ears, chest, groin, and armpits
    • Red and itchy skin

• 7. Stasis dermatitis

  • Stasis dermatitis, also known as gravitation dermatitis, occurs when a person has weak circulation in their lower legs. When the veins in the leg are too weak to push blood back to the heart, the veins leak fluid. This results in swelling, redness, and itchiness in the area where fluid is leaking.
  • Stasis dermatitis can be easily diagnosed if symptoms are as follows:
    • Swelling in the lower part of the legs
    • Varicose veins in the legs that are thick and damaged
    • Skin over those veins is dry and itchy
    • Open sores can develop on lower legs and tops of the feet

Eczema vs. Dry Skin

While you might mistake dry skin for eczema there are some key differences to recognize before reaching out to a doctor. If you experience dry skin and some itchiness after common triggers you are most likely just suffering from dry skin. Some common things that can result in dry skin are skin having direct contact with cold windy weather, dehydration, or little to no use of moisturizer will leave your skin very dry. However, if you find your skin being dry for uncommon or unknown reasons with an extreme amount of itchiness, this is likely some form of eczema. 

When to See a Doctor About Eczema

When your symptoms become too uncomfortable and you find that home remedies are not doing the trick to ease your symptoms, you should contact your dermatologist or go to your nearest eczema pharmacy. Once they view the symptoms, your doctor will develop a treatment plan to get rid of the eczema symptoms. If your child is suffering from eczema, we discuss eczema treatment for kids in our helpful guide for parents.

Treatment for Eczema

The most common and most effective treatments include:

• OTC Products

  • Topical over-the-counter products to treat eczema are typically moisturizing, anti-rash, anti-itch, and gentle skin cleansing products to prevent infection.

• Bathing

  • Treating dry skin and eczema patches in the simplest form is to bathe and soak the skin in a warm bath and moisturize the skin immediately afterward. Additionally, adding specific ingredients like vinegar, oatmeal, and baking soda to the bath can help to calm the skin.

• Prescription Products

  • For more severe eczema flare-ups, your dermatologist may prescribe dermatology medications like topical corticosteroids, PDE4 inhibits, skin barrier creams, or topical calcineurin inhibitors. Another common treatment is the use of hydrocortisone for eczema. All these products should be applied topically to relieve the redness, dryness, and itchiness in the skin.

• Light Therapy

  • Light therapy involves a machine that emits controlled levels of ultraviolet B light on the skin to reduce inflammation and itching caused by eczema.

• Systemics

  • Severe eczema can be treated by immunosuppressant medications. These help to suppress the immune system to slow down intense eczema flare-ups.

• Biologics

  • Biologics are drugs that target a part of the immune system that contributes to eczema symptoms. The drugs are administered intravenously to immediately target that part of the immune system that is triggering eczema.

90,000 13 Weird Skin Spots You Should Check Out

Very important information!

Skin condition is related to general health. This means that rashes can appear with many internal diseases, writes Prevention.

The appearance of spots of any color and any size on the body can be caused both by phenomena that are harmless to health, and by quite serious disorders that require urgent help.

Skin problems can signal the presence of pathology, if the formation begins to itch, peel off, increase in size, quantity.

If such manifestations have become more frequent, it is worth contacting a dermatologist in order to identify the causes and prescribe adequate treatment.

1) Cherry angioma.

russaquarius / Getty Images / prevention.com

It is a skin growth, a mole-like growth made up of small blood vessels or capillaries. This is the most common type of angioma.

Angiomas are benign tumors that result from overgrowth of capillaries.

Although these spider angiomas (telangiectasias) are rare, they can signal the development of a pathology, such as liver disease.

2) Psoriasis.

RUTH JENKINSON / Getty Images / prevention.com

Psoriasis, or lichen scaly, affects the skin, nails and joints. Usually, the bothersome disease manifests itself as a rash of pink or red plaques.

For some reason, the immune system gives the wrong signals to the cells of the upper layers of the skin, and they begin to divide intensively, forming plaques. In this case, the cells divide more often, and live less – hence the desquamation.

3) Follicular keratosis.

lavizzara / Getty Images / prevention.com

This is a keratinization disorder in which horny plugs fill the exit holes of the hair follicles.

Multiple small punctate follicular papules appear mainly on the shoulders, thighs and buttocks. Skin rashes on the face can occur, especially in children.

Rashes are most pronounced during the cold season and sometimes diminish in summer. The disorder is mainly a cosmetic defect, but it can sometimes be accompanied by itching.

4) Papillomas.

Getty Images / prevention.com

Papillomavirus infects cells in the upper layer of the skin – the epidermis. Because of this, papillary growths occur on any part of the body. They are the size of a poppy seed and even a cherry.

Papillomas vary in color from flesh to brown. You can catch papillomavirus after contact with its carrier or with people or animals that suffer from this disease.

The longer you “keep” papillomas on yourself, the more of them will appear on the body.The incubation period for this disease usually lasts several months.

5) Folliculitis.

Ocskaymark / Getty Images / prevention.com

Folliculitis is a skin disorder in which hair follicles become inflamed. Hair follicles are tiny pockets from which hair grows.

Usually a bacterial or fungal infection is to blame. First, small red or white bumps form around the hair follicles.

The infection may spread and the bumps may develop hard and non-healing sores.

6) Eczema.

Pan Xunbin / Getty Images / prevention.com

A typical manifestation of eczema is red patches and rashes on the skin that cause burning and itching.

Scratching often results in thickened areas of the skin that crack easily. Acute eczema is characterized by itching, redness, and swelling of the skin, with the possible formation of watery blisters.

In eczema, there is a deterioration in the body’s defenses against infections, which easily leads to the occurrence of infectious inflammations.

7) Warts.

Getty Images / prevention.com

Warts are a manifestation of infection and are based on a special virus – the human papillomavirus. It does well in humid conditions.

That is, when your hands are constantly wet, it is much easier to get infected in such a situation. Vulgar warts are the most common caused by type 1, 2, 4, flat warts are often associated with type 3 or 4.

8) Dermatofibroma.

American Academy of Dermatology / prevention.com

Dermatofibroma is skin formations of various smooth round shapes and sizes of dense consistency.

This disease can occur on the entire skin of the body, but most often dermatofibroma forms on the surfaces of the back, shoulders, feet and ankles.

Formations are single or multiple. If you squeeze the dermatofibroma on the sides with two fingers, then a small depression will appear in the center of it. When you try to move it from its place, it moves with the skin.

9) Pigmented spots.

Getty Images / prevention.com

The deposition of melanin in the deep soybeans of the skin is hyperpigmentation. External manifestation: spots on the skin, which can be of different sizes and shapes, and even rise above the surface.

The shade is more intense – from medium brown to dark brown.

Such pigmentation can be quite noticeable and is a consequence of hormonal changes associated with the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, postpartum period, hormonal imbalance due to any disease.

10) Seborrheic keratosis.

Getty Images / prevention.com

Skin disease characterized by the appearance of benign tumor-like neoplasms on the skin. Most often people over the age of 50 are sick.

Seborrheic keratomas grow slowly and vary in size. They can be round or oval in shape, red, brown or black. Externally, seborrheic keratomas look like “glued” formations.

11) Ringworm

Getty Images / prevention.com

When the scalp is affected, the disease causes focal hair loss. The diagnosis of ringworm does not exist, it is an exclusively household formulation.

And there is a diagnosis of mycosis or dermatophytosis (scalp, smooth skin, etc.), since the cause of the disease is nothing more than a fungal infection.

Infection with trichophytosis occurs from person to person or through contaminated objects, microspores can be infected by contact with a sick animal.

12) Squamous cell carcinoma.

Getty Images / prevention.com

This is the second most common form of skin cancer. A non-healing, scaly wound (plaque or nodule) appears, it gradually increases.

This form of skin cancer can spread to other internal organs, therefore surgical treatment is necessary.

Carcinoma most often appears on unprotected parts of the body from the sun: on the scalp, neck and upper waist.

13) Melanoma.

Getty Images / prevention.com

A malignant tumor that affects human skin tissue is a type of skin cancer.

Melanoma arises from melanocytes in tissues that contain pigment (eg, skin, mucous membranes, eyes, or central nervous system). With widespread metastases, the prognosis is poor.

Be sure to take note of this useful information!

21 Aug, 2019

Stains on the body – causes and treatment || Medical center “Centromed”

If spots appear on the body , then this indicates the presence of any pathological process in the skin caused by various reasons.Depending on this, the size and color of the rashes can vary significantly.

The mechanism of development and the causes of the appearance of skin rashes

The formation and development of skin rashes develops according to 2 mechanisms – increased blood circulation in the dermis (hyperemia) or local pigmentation disorders. This is caused by various etiological factors, depending on which the color of the rash differs:

• Red spots on the body – indicate the presence of inflammation due to an allergic reaction, bacterial (streptoderma), viral (shingles) or fungal infection.They are accompanied by the parallel development of vesicles filled with a clear or purulent (yellow) fluid containing an infection.
• Brown spots on the body – the result of an increased content of melanin pigment (hyperpigmentation) as a result of the enhancement of its synthesis by cells under local exposure to ultraviolet rays or as a result of an inflammatory process.
• White spots on the body – appear due to local depigmentation (lack of pigment), as a result of vitiligo (hereditary genetic disorder of melanin synthesis) due to a lack of the amino acid tyrosine.

Also, depending on the etiological factor, this pathology may be accompanied by concomitant symptoms – itching, burning, peeling. In order to accurately determine the cause, you need to contact a narrow specialist. In Rostov-on-Don, a dermatologist at the clinic will conduct an accurate diagnosis based on symptoms and additional manifestations, instrumental and laboratory diagnostic methods. This will make it possible to begin adequate treatment aimed at eliminating the etiological factor of the onset and development of the disease.

Therapy

If spots appear on the body, treatment is carried out only after the cause has been established. There are several main therapeutic measures aimed at eliminating the etiological factor and manifestations:

• Antibiotics – used in case of established bacterial dermatitis to destroy microbial cells.
• Antivirals – given systemically (in pill form) for shingles. Antiviral cream is applied directly to the rash.
• Preparations that destroy the fungus (fungicides) of local action in the form of an ointment or cream. With a fungal infection of a significant area of ​​the skin that does not respond to local therapy, systemic administration of drugs in the form of capsules or tablets is used.
• Replacement therapy with the amino acid tyrosine or enzymes that convert it into the pigment melanin – used for vitiligo.
• Avoid excessive sun exposure (exposure to direct sunlight).
• In case of residual effects after an inflammatory process, special cosmetic preparations are used for their early disappearance.

The appearance of formations on the skin of the body, regardless of their size, location and color, is a sign of the presence of a pathological process in the body. Therefore, for proper adequate treatment, it is worth contacting a specialist who, based on clinical data, examination results, will make a conclusion about the nature of the cause of the appearance of rashes.After that, therapeutic measures in our clinic in Rostov-on-Don will be aimed at eliminating the pathological effect of the causative factor on the skin.

YON-KA.RU »How to get rid of redness around the nose

You do your best to take care of your skin, but there will always be times when things go awry and you run into an unpleasant problem. Redness around the nose is a skin problem that most often occurs in winter when your skin is already dry or cracked, but it can happen at other times of the year.In some cases, you can add a little extra concealer, but it’s always best to identify the root cause of the problem and fix it.

If you notice that the skin around the nose turns red, know that this is not happening for a reason. Your skin reacts to your diet, environment and your skin care in ways you cannot predict. Before applying another layer of foundation or concealer, ask yourself why your skin is reddening and see if you can find a way to fix the problem.

In this article we will take a closer look at the topic of redness around the nose. We’ll talk about what causes it and how to reduce the redness. You will also see our top picks of professional products Yon-Ka Paris to reduce redness around the nose.

What causes redness around the nose?

Your skin is the largest organ in the body and is designed to protect you from the environment.However, as your body’s first line of defense, your skin takes shocks, and sometimes it shows. Redness around your nose is often a sign that your skin is wearing out.

Redness around the nose is more common in winter when your skin is dry and slightly chapped.

Other causes of redness include the following:

• Rosacea is a chronic skin condition that causes redness. Rosacea is unfortunately not cured.However, there are certain methods and medications that can reduce the redness caused by rosacea.
• Pimples (acne) – Can make the skin around your nose red and inflamed, especially if you keep picking it. It is best to apply acne treatment and leave the pimple alone.
• Perioral dermatitis is a type of rash that forms around the mouth and nose, often as a side effect of topical steroid creams.
• Skin Allergy – If you are allergic to things like artificial fragrances or certain skin care products, redness around your nose could be a sign of an allergic reaction.
• Changes in temperature – Moving from cold to hot weather outdoors can cause reddening of the skin. Redness around the nose can also be caused by a windburn.
• Skin irritation – Sometimes the skin around your nose will turn red if you rubbed or scratched it – this can also happen when you catch a cold and blow your nose frequently.

In addition to these causes, redness around the nose can also be the result of capillary rupture. Capillaries are very small blood vessels that can be influenced by a number of factors, including temperature changes, hormones, sun exposure, and even alcohol consumption. If you’re still unsure what is causing the redness around your nose, talk to your doctor or dermatologist so they can examine and diagnose the redness.

Simple tips to reduce redness

The best treatment for redness around the nose is one that addresses the underlying cause.If you are experiencing redness and inflammation and have not yet identified the exact cause, you may still have some idea of ​​what is going on.

To quickly reduce redness and inflammation, try one of these methods:

• For redness caused by skin irritation (windburn, sunburn or dryness), apply a hypoallergenic and non-comedogenic moisturizer.
• For redness caused by acne, rosacea and other skin conditions, try a moisturizer designed to treat these specific conditions.Make sure it’s right for your skin type so you don’t make the situation worse.

If applying a topical moisturizer isn’t enough to soothe sore and irritated skin, you may need to take it one step further. Talk to your doctor or dermatologist about your concerns and any additional symptoms you notice. Giving your doctor as much information as possible is the only way to make an accurate diagnosis so that the doctor can recommend the appropriate form of treatment.

Here are some additional tips you can try to reduce inflammation and redness:

• Use a humidifier at night to prevent your skin from getting too dry while you sleep.
• Apply a cold compress to relieve inflammation around the nose.
• Apply some hydrocortisone to reduce swelling and redness.
• Use LED lamp to treat redness caused by rosacea and dermatitis.
• Switch to tissue moisturizing if you are struggling with a cold or runny nose.
• Take a probiotic daily to combat harmful bacteria that can affect your skin.
• Try yoga or meditation to combat chronic stress.

If you are unsure what is causing the redness around your nose, you may need to try a few of our tips before you find a solution that works.In the meantime, don’t use any harsh skincare products or heavy makeup, and avoid anything that isn’t labeled non-comedogenic (non-pore-clogging).

How to avoid worsening skin redness

When treating the root cause of your redness, there are irritants that you must avoid in order not to make the situation worse. For example, you can skip makeup for a few days to give your skin time to heal – you can also avoid direct sunlight and extreme temperatures.

Here are some other irritants you should avoid to help reduce redness around your nose:

• Alcohol, caffeine and spicy foods that make blood vessels more visible
• Certain skin care ingredients such as alcohol
• Artificial fragrances and other additives that may irritate the skin
• Coarse tissue or tissue that can damage or irritate the skin

If you want to reduce redness, it is important to give your skin time to heal and keep it hydrated.If you need a little extra help, there are a number of skin care products you can try.

Recommended products

Yon-Ka Paris to reduce skin redness

When buying skin care products to reduce redness around the nose, you must know your skin type. Choosing the wrong products for your skin type can make your skin too dry or too oily – it can also cause acne that can worsen your redness.

Here are some of the best

Yon-Ka Paris preparations to help you reduce redness:

• Sensitive Masque – With key ingredients such as arnica and chamomile extracts, this soothing mask is designed for sensitive skin, while natural botanicals soothe inflammation and irritation by soothing your skin. Apply 1 to 3 times a week after cleansing and leave for 60 minutes, then blot gently and apply the remaining mask to the skin.
• Creme Peaux Sensibilies – A soothing cream that enhances the skin’s natural defenses and fights against both the physical and environmental triggers responsible for redness. It contains pre- and probiotics to nourish and repair skin, providing immediate and long-lasting relief from damaged skin. Apply to face and neck in the morning and / or evening.
• Gommage Yon-Ka Exfoliator – Exfoliate and reduce redness, use this gentle exfoliating and brightening gel 1 to 3 times a week after cleansing.It has a 4-in-1 formula fortified with carob and brown algae extracts and essential oils to tighten pores and firm skin, leaving your skin hydrated, soothed and radiant.

Identifying the underlying cause of facial redness is the first step in treating it, but there are Yonka skin care products that can help you along the way.

90,000 diagnostics in Germany EMEX Medical GmbH

Red spots on the skin can occur for various reasons.This is not an independent disease, but a symptom.

Red spots can spread throughout the body or occur locally, for example, on the chest, face, neck or abdomen. Bilateral rash often indicates an internal reaction of the body, and uneven spots indicate the influence of external factors. Red spots on the skin can appear and disappear, itch, burn and swell – all this is important to consider for the dermatological diagnosis of red spots.

Dermatological examination in Germany

Causes of red spots

Red spots can have many reasons, for example, they can be the body’s reaction to infection by viruses or bacteria.It can also be the body’s defensive reaction to the allergen.

The main reasons for the appearance of red spots include:

To understand the cause of the appearance of red spots, when they appear, it is worth consulting a doctor who can find an integrated approach and carry out high-quality diagnostics in Germany.

Thomas Ruzicka: Munich Clinic

Diseases that most often provoke the appearance of red spots

• Acne .Acne is the most common skin condition in Germany, with typical pus-filled pimples and red nodules that occur mainly on the face, but also on the back, chest, arms and shoulders.
• Atopic dermatitis . It is a chronic skin condition that is usually characterized by inflamed skin and itching. In addition, the skin is often dry and flaky. Red spots can be uneven and chronic.
• Psoriasis . With psoriasis, red, inflamed plates are formed on the skin, which are covered with white scales.Sometimes the rash can itch a lot.
• Lichen planus . When it develops on the skin or mucous membranes, a large group of reddish, itchy nodules appears. They are especially common on the inside of the wrists or ankles and on the lower leg.
• Rosacea . It is characterized by enlarged veins and red patchy skin on the face. Redness of the nose, cheeks, and forehead can develop into pustules over time.
• Scabies . In scabies, a red itchy rash is caused by a parasite called the scabies mite.Other parasites such as pubic lice, which primarily cause rashes in the armpits, chest, and pubis, can also cause a red rash.
• Skin fungus . Fungal skin diseases are characterized by slightly reddened, itchy, scaly patches of the skin. Depending on the type of pathogen, they can settle on various parts of the body, especially often they appear in the folds of the skin.
• Infectious diseases . In addition to skin conditions, infections can also cause red spots on the skin.Redness can occur with syphilis, hepatitis, Lyme disease, Dengue fever.

Allergic reaction as the cause of red spots

Red spots on the body can occur as a result of an allergic reaction. Allergens can affect the body through the skin or mucous membranes. In the case of allergies, in addition to the skin rash, there are often other symptoms such as a runny nose, cough, or itching.

You may be allergic to substances such as pollen, certain foods or cosmetics.Contact with chemicals or the use of medications such as penicillin can also cause a red rash.

In addition, red spots on the skin can occur as part of a sun allergy.

Treatment of child allergies in Germany

Red spots in children

In children, red spots on the skin can appear during teething or as a result of a number of “childhood diseases”, most of which, however, occur not only in children.

• Three-day fever .Three-day fever usually occurs in children between the ages of one and three. At first, this is manifested by a high fever, and then a pale red rash. Small red spots appear mainly on the neck and torso, but can also spread to the face.
• Chickenpox . Chickenpox mainly affects preschool and school children. When an infection occurs, red blisters appear all over the body, especially on the face and trunk, accompanied by itching.
• Rubella . It usually presents with symptoms such as swollen lymph nodes or mild fever initially. Later, a typical rash occurs that often starts behind the ears and spreads from the face to the entire body.
• Scarlet fever . It is characterized by severe sore throat and fever. With the further course of the disease, it is often accompanied by a thick, fine-grained rash and a crimson-red tongue.
• Measles . Measles can affect children over six months of age.Symptoms are similar to those of the flu – fever, cough, runny nose. In the second phase of the disease, red spots appear, which after a while merge with each other. Unlike chickenpox, measles does not itch a red rash.

Diagnosis of red spots in Germany

If you find red spots on your body, you should consult your doctor. On our website you can submit a request for treatment in Germany. This is especially necessary if the rash occurs suddenly and for no apparent reason.A visit to your doctor is necessary if you also suffer from other symptoms such as shortness of breath, fever, pain.

If the cause of the skin abnormality is unclear, after a detailed questioning and assessment of the rash, the doctor will order a blood test to diagnose red spots. A skin sample may also be needed to diagnose red spots. If an allergy is suspected, the doctor may perform an allergy test.

Check health conditions using the online test.

Urgent consultation by phone

+49 8171 387 737

Red spots on your hands: why and how to get rid of?

“I have small itchy red spots on my hands and face that dry and flake off.They disappear and reappear. How can I get rid of them? “Tatiana Ptichkina, Mogilev

Olga Ivanovna PETROVA, a dermatologist at the Moscow Medical Center, answers the reader’s question .

First of all, you need to make sure that it is not shingles or some other infection . But, since the rash does not spread over the skin and disappear from time to time, most likely they can be a manifestation of an allergy.For example, medications or vitamin complexes that you were taking. Then it is better to abandon these drugs for a while or replace them with others. It is worth trying to eliminate citrus fruits, chocolate, nuts, honey and other foods that can cause an allergic reaction from the diet.

Staining may also have caused an unhealthy diet. Skin is very badly affected by addiction to

• flour,
• fried and fatty dishes,
• sweets
• and smoked meats.

To keep it in order, the consumption of such products should be reduced to a minimum. Inflammatory processes on the skin are often a “reflection” of the poor functioning of the digestive tract.

The reason for the appearance of ugly spots on the skin is sometimes increased nervous excitability, leading to endless conflicts and stress. If in a critical situation you cannot control yourself, you need to strengthen the nervous system by taking light sedatives.These can be infusions

• Valerian,
• motherwort,
• peony

or preparations

• Novo-passit,
• Persen,

based on the same herbs.

Sometimes it is enough to follow these tips to get rid of skin rashes. But this will not happen as quickly as we would like – it will take time. In the meantime, you can use external means.Ointment “Radevit”, for example, contains vitamins A, E and D, thanks to which the skin becomes more resistant to adverse effects. This product not only nourishes and softens the skin, but is also able to cope with redness and flaking.

Traumeel ointment, which includes a collection of medicinal herbs, increases the local immunity of the skin, due to which it fights inflammation more effectively and heals faster. Ointment “Psoriaten” is prescribed for psoriasis, and “Irikar” is used against eczema.Both of these preparations are of plant origin and are aimed specifically at treating skin lesions such as

• redness,
• peeling
• and associated itching.

Antihistamine external preparation “Fenistil” also

• soothes itching,
• relieves redness and puffiness.

Dry flaky skin sometimes cracks, which is very unpleasant.

Bepanten cream reduces dryness. Under its influence, wounds and cracks are more likely to heal. If an infection has penetrated into the place of damage, then “Bepanten Plus” will come in handy, which includes an antiseptic.

Medicinal cosmetics, which are sold only in pharmacies, can restore healthy looking skin. Let’s say “Epithelial”, a French company “A-derma”, contains oat milk. While restoring damaged skin, it moisturizes it and supplies it with beneficial substances. And Dermalibur cream has soothing and antimicrobial properties.

Hormonal ointments should only be used if all others are powerless. It is wiser to start treatment with mild drugs, which include hydrocortisone and prednisolone. And only as necessary, go to such as

• Advantan
• or Elokom.

With a fairly high efficiency, they have more gentle side effects on the skin than other drugs in this series. They are used even for small children.

These products come in several forms. The ointment is oily and is more suitable for areas with chronic lesions and increased dryness. The cream is absorbed faster and does not leave oily marks on the skin. Lotion is most convenient for treating the scalp under the hair or face. The course of treatment with external agents containing hormones usually lasts one to two weeks.

Tatiana KRASKOVA

Disclaimer : This content, including tips, provides general information only.This is in no way a substitute for a qualified medical report. Always consult a specialist or your healthcare professional for more information.

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Dermatitis on the hands – causes and treatment, photos of the initial stage, symptoms, folk remedies

90,000 A dog has red spots in the groin: what is it and what to do?

The dog has red spots in the groin: what is it and what to do?

Most often, the rash is observed precisely on the belly of the dog.This is due to the fact that this place is practically devoid of hair, and any rashes on it immediately become noticeable. Pimples become inflamed, swell and itch, causing considerable discomfort to the animal. If red spots appear, other symptoms may also be observed: frequent urination and defecation, hair loss, hot spots and abscesses on the dog’s skin. The behavior of the pet also changes.

When scratching with claws, a dog can infect the deep layers of the skin, which will lead to tissue inflammation, an increase in the area of ​​infection (on the leg, on the body) and other unpleasant problems.This is why it is so important to see your veterinarian on time.

There are a lot of reasons that cause red spots on the belly in a dog. The most common ones are:

1. Parasite bites. The scabies mite causes sarcoptic mange (red spots all over the body, can appear on the dog’s face and ears), demodicosis (rashes are also observed around the mouth and eyes).

2. Allergic reaction to protein foods, household chemicals or irritating environmental factors.Some breeds, due to physiological and genotypic characteristics, are more susceptible to allergies: Labradors, pugs, bulldogs, dachshunds.

3. Incorrect diet using economy class feed.

4. Fungal, yeast infection such as ringworm. The disease is accompanied by severe itching and an unpleasant odor.

5. Hypothyroidism is a thyroid disease, which is also characterized by lethargy, dryness of the dermis.

6. Stressful situations (neurogenic rash). Blood acne and spots in the groin of a dog appear if it scratches the skin due to anxiety, loneliness, longing for the owner.

7. Various diseases. Dermatitis, distemper, eczema, leptospirosis, tuberculosis, malignant and benign neoplasms, pyoderma can also cause spots on the skin in the groin or abdomen.

Before you begin treating your dog’s skin rash, it is necessary to identify the triggering factors.

Diagnostics and treatment

Often, the owners try to remove the red spot on the dog’s belly on their own, using various anti-inflammatory ointments, as well as practicing traditional methods of treatment: apple cider vinegar, soda. Alternative medicine can help eliminate itching, but it will not cope with the underlying disease. In addition, there is no guarantee that the products used will not cause allergies in your pet.

Self-medication is dangerous and can aggravate the situation – the disease will continue to develop and the animal’s condition will worsen.

Treatment is prescribed by a doctor based on diagnostics, which includes a visual examination of the animal, interviewing the owner about the feed used, vaccinations, laboratory tests, in particular, a general blood test, skin scraping, biopsy, patch testing (to determine a contact allergen).

There is no single treatment for red spots on the belly of a dog, therapy depends on the specific disease and is aimed at eliminating the root cause.For severe illnesses, certain antibiotics are prescribed.

In case of allergies, treatment is aimed at increasing the immune response. A special diet is shown to exclude the use of foods that caused the rash. If the animal itches a lot, antipruritic (creams, ointments) and antihistamines are prescribed. In severe cases, drugs containing steroids can be used, but they must be used with caution to avoid complications with the liver and adrenal glands. With hypothyroidism, hormonal drugs are prescribed.

For weeping eczema, drying agents are used, for dry – moisturizing agents. Damaged areas and crusts are treated with disinfectant and antiseptic solutions. Chlorhexidine is very effective in this case.

Symptomatic therapy is used only as an additional measure to the main treatment, but it significantly alleviates the condition of the animal. It is advisable to cut the fur on the belly of the dog, in which case the treatment will progress faster.

To help the pet’s body cope with the disease, it is necessary to use vitamin-mineral complexes and immunomodulators.

Preventive measures

• First of all, you should provide the dog with a quality diet. If preference is given to natural food, then it should include the required amount of products of plant (30%) and animal (70%) origin.

• It is not allowed to mix naturalka and industrial feed. Eating dry food provides free access to water.

• In winter, you should avoid walking the dog along the streets treated with anti-icing agents that can cause allergies, in the heat – prolonged exposure to the sun, as ultraviolet rays contribute to photodermatosis.

• Animals should be promptly treated with antiparasitic drugs against fleas and ticks, and preventive vaccination will help to avoid fungal infections.

90,000 dry spots on the feet – 25 recommendations on Babyblog.ru

Hello everyone! I’m new to Babyblog, I don’t quite understand how it works, but I’ve already read a lot of posts about blood pressure.

I live in the USA, my child is 4 months old.About 2 months ago, the first manifestations of blood pressure were discovered. Dry spot on the bridge of the nose and a spot on the chest that quickly passed. I showed it to my mother-in-law (she is a pediatrician), she said that it was nothing serious. At that time, I was not on a diet. The child is only on GW. In the United States, doctors believe that a diet is not needed either for HB or for blood pressure. They say it’s eczema, not allergies. And that she is not being treated, smear with hormones, this is forever. As a child, my husband had the same symptoms, which were cured by giving a liquid charged with magnetic resonance frequencies.I also had it from 15-20 years old. there were spots on the palms, elbows, legs, weeping, which the doctors could not heal, in the skin / veins and we tried everything, but it did not help. Gradually, I scored on treatment, the spots worsened, then passed, but the skin of the legs did not completely heal. At the age of 20, I moved to the USA, bought insurance and went to a dermatologist. And the very first cream that she prescribed saved me from what I suffered for 7 years. On the head, however, the skin is dry, sometimes itching, but if you smear it with this cream, everything goes away. I was cured 7 years ago;

But now I have a child, and her blood pressure.Dermatologists don’t help. Allergotests refuse to give. a week ago I went on a diet. I searched various sites for English information on eczema and came across the approach of American naturopaths. They have a leaky gut theory. This means that the cell membranes in the human stomach are disrupted due to poor nutrition, allergies, etc. Food proteins enter the bloodstream and produce antibodies. They lead to eczema. It needs to be healed. The diet of these doctors is even stricter than the one on which many of the allergy sufferers sit.

Allowed –

Zucchini, bone broth, Boiled meat, Lettuce, Colored potatoes, Broccoli, cauliflower, apples, pears. Pure coconut milk, almond milk. And a set of certain vitamin supplements / substances. This diet, according to them, helps in a month to six months to heal many manifestations of eczema. You can cook food only with coconut oil or extra virgin olive oil. Coconut oil, enzymes, probiotics, help to restore cell membranes and care for eczema = A / D.This concept has many adherents.

It is categorically impossible – any milk, kefirs, etc., any cereals (due to gluten), even gluten-free mixtures, noodles, etc. DO NOT take tea, coffee, decaffeinated drinks. You can drink exclusively herbal teas. Green is not allowed. They are sure it helps.

Learn more about my problem. After a week of such a diet, the spots became colorless, but did not go away. Today I ate a turkey (I decided to give up chicken) a gluten-free vegetable cutlet and sprinkled my usual products (sweet potatoes, cauliflower, zucchini, apple) on the child.I don’t know why. Do they lie in the fact that her clothes were not rinsed in chlorine-free water after bathing? Lack of calcium? (Today I found out that Komarovsky writes about this, have you read? Do not overfeed, do not sweat, give calcium.