What causes acid reflux to lead to a sore throat. How can you distinguish between acid reflux-induced sore throat and other causes. What are the most effective treatments for managing acid reflux and alleviating associated throat discomfort.

Understanding the Link Between Acid Reflux and Sore Throat

Acid reflux, also known as gastroesophageal reflux, is a common condition that occurs when stomach acid travels back up into the esophagus. This backflow can cause a range of uncomfortable symptoms, including a sore throat. But how exactly does acid reflux lead to throat discomfort?

When stomach acid reaches the throat, it can irritate the delicate tissues, causing inflammation and pain. This irritation may result in:

• A persistent sore throat
• A dry cough
• Wheezing
• A feeling of a lump in the throat

It’s important to note that acid reflux doesn’t always cause noticeable symptoms. However, when it does, the discomfort can be significant and may be mistaken for other conditions.

Identifying the Symptoms of Acid Reflux-Induced Sore Throat

How can you tell if your sore throat is caused by acid reflux rather than another condition? Here are some key indicators:

• The sore throat tends to worsen after meals
• Discomfort may be more pronounced when lying down or bending over
• You may experience a bitter taste in your mouth
• Heartburn or chest pain often accompanies the sore throat
• You might have difficulty swallowing

If you’re experiencing these symptoms regularly, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional. Chronic acid reflux, known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), affects approximately 20% of the U.S. population and requires proper management to prevent complications.

The Hidden Dangers of Untreated Acid Reflux

While a sore throat from acid reflux may seem like a minor inconvenience, leaving the condition untreated can lead to more serious health issues. What are the potential complications of chronic acid reflux?

1. Esophageal narrowing: Repeated exposure to stomach acid can cause scarring in the lower esophagus, making it difficult to swallow.
2. Erosive esophagitis: The constant irritation can lead to painful ulcers in the esophagus.
3. Barrett’s esophagus: This condition involves changes in the esophageal lining that increase the risk of esophageal cancer.
4. Laryngeal pharyngeal reflux: When acid reaches the vocal cords, it can cause persistent inflammation, leading to hoarseness and chronic cough.

Given these risks, it’s essential to address acid reflux symptoms promptly and effectively. But what are the best ways to manage this condition?

Lifestyle Changes to Combat Acid Reflux and Sore Throat

Often, simple adjustments to your daily routine can significantly reduce acid reflux symptoms, including sore throat. What lifestyle modifications can help?

• Dietary changes: Avoid trigger foods such as spicy, fatty, or acidic items.
• Eating habits: Consume smaller meals and avoid lying down immediately after eating.
• Weight management: Maintaining a healthy weight can reduce pressure on the stomach and lower esophageal sphincter.
• Sleeping position: Elevate the head of your bed to prevent nighttime reflux.
• Stress reduction: Practice relaxation techniques to minimize stress-induced acid production.

Implementing these changes can often provide significant relief from acid reflux symptoms, including sore throat. However, in some cases, additional treatment may be necessary.

Effective Medications for Managing Acid Reflux

When lifestyle changes aren’t enough to control acid reflux and its associated symptoms, medication may be recommended. What are the most common and effective medications for treating acid reflux?

1. Antacids: These provide quick relief by neutralizing stomach acid.
2. H2 blockers: These reduce acid production and can be taken before meals to prevent symptoms.
3. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): These are the most potent acid blockers, often used for more severe or chronic cases.

It’s important to note that in April 2020, the FDA requested the removal of all forms of ranitidine (Zantac) from the U.S. market due to unacceptable levels of a potential carcinogen. If you were taking ranitidine, consult your healthcare provider about safe alternatives.

Natural Remedies for Acid Reflux-Related Sore Throat

For those seeking non-pharmaceutical options, several natural remedies may help alleviate acid reflux symptoms, including sore throat. What are some effective natural approaches?

• Ginger tea: Known for its anti-inflammatory properties, ginger can help soothe the esophagus.
• Aloe vera juice: This can reduce inflammation in the digestive tract.
• Licorice root: Deglycyrrhizinated licorice (DGL) may help protect the esophageal lining.
• Apple cider vinegar: While counterintuitive, some find relief by taking a small amount diluted in water before meals.
• Probiotics: These can help balance gut bacteria and improve digestion.

While these natural remedies can be beneficial, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new treatment regimen, especially if you have chronic or severe symptoms.

When to Seek Medical Attention for Acid Reflux and Sore Throat

While occasional acid reflux is common, certain symptoms warrant immediate medical attention. When should you consult a doctor about your acid reflux and sore throat?

Seek medical care if you experience:

• Persistent symptoms that don’t improve with over-the-counter medications
• Difficulty swallowing or a feeling of food stuck in your throat
• Unexplained weight loss
• Chest pain, especially if it radiates to your arm, neck, or jaw
• Vomiting blood or passing black stools

These symptoms could indicate more serious conditions or complications of chronic acid reflux. A healthcare provider can perform necessary tests to determine the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment.

Diagnostic Procedures for Acid Reflux

To diagnose acid reflux and assess its severity, doctors may use various diagnostic tools. What are the common procedures used to evaluate acid reflux?

1. Endoscopy: A thin, flexible tube with a camera is inserted down the throat to examine the esophagus and stomach.
2. Esophageal pH monitoring: This test measures the amount of acid in your esophagus over 24 hours.
3. Esophageal manometry: This procedure assesses the function of the lower esophageal sphincter and esophageal muscles.
4. Barium swallow: X-rays are taken after swallowing a barium solution to visualize the upper digestive tract.

These tests can help determine the severity of your condition and guide treatment decisions. Your doctor will recommend the most appropriate diagnostic approach based on your symptoms and medical history.

Distinguishing Acid Reflux-Induced Sore Throat from Other Causes

A sore throat can have many causes, and it’s crucial to accurately identify the underlying issue for effective treatment. How can you differentiate between a sore throat caused by acid reflux and other common causes?

Here are some key distinctions:

• Timing: Acid reflux-related sore throats often worsen after meals or when lying down.
• Associated symptoms: Look for accompanying heartburn, regurgitation, or a bitter taste in the mouth.
• Duration: Viral sore throats typically resolve within a week, while acid reflux-induced discomfort may persist longer.
• Response to treatment: Antacids or acid-reducing medications may provide relief if acid reflux is the cause.

If you’re unsure about the cause of your sore throat, especially if it’s persistent or accompanied by other symptoms, consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis.

Other Common Causes of Sore Throat

While acid reflux can certainly lead to throat discomfort, it’s important to be aware of other potential causes. What are some other common reasons for developing a sore throat?

1. Viral infections: Colds, flu, and other viral illnesses often cause sore throats.
2. Bacterial infections: Strep throat is a common bacterial cause of throat pain.
3. Allergies: Seasonal allergies can irritate the throat and lead to soreness.
4. Environmental factors: Dry air, pollution, or smoking can irritate the throat.
5. Overuse: Excessive talking or shouting can strain the vocal cords and cause discomfort.

Understanding these different causes can help you better identify the source of your throat discomfort and seek appropriate treatment.

Long-Term Management of Acid Reflux and Throat Health

For those dealing with chronic acid reflux or GERD, long-term management is key to preventing complications and maintaining overall throat health. What strategies can help in the ongoing management of acid reflux?

Consider the following approaches:

• Regular check-ups: Schedule routine visits with your healthcare provider to monitor your condition.
• Medication management: Work with your doctor to find the right balance of medications for your symptoms.
• Dietary journal: Keep track of foods that trigger your symptoms and adjust your diet accordingly.
• Stress management: Incorporate stress-reduction techniques into your daily routine.
• Sleep hygiene: Maintain good sleep habits to reduce nighttime reflux.

By taking a proactive approach to managing your acid reflux, you can significantly reduce the frequency and severity of symptoms, including sore throat.

The Role of Esophageal Retraining Exercises

For some individuals with chronic acid reflux, esophageal retraining exercises may be beneficial. How do these exercises work, and who might benefit from them?

Esophageal retraining exercises, also known as swallowing therapy, aim to strengthen the muscles involved in swallowing and improve coordination. These exercises may be particularly helpful for people with:

• Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
• Frequent throat clearing or coughing
• A sensation of a lump in the throat (globus sensation)

A speech-language pathologist or occupational therapist typically guides these exercises. While not a cure for acid reflux, they can help manage symptoms and improve overall throat function.

The Impact of Acid Reflux on Vocal Health

For singers, public speakers, and others who rely heavily on their voices, acid reflux can pose significant challenges. How does acid reflux affect vocal health, and what can be done to protect the voice?

Acid reflux can impact vocal health in several ways:

• Vocal cord inflammation: Stomach acid can irritate and inflame the vocal cords, leading to hoarseness.
• Increased mucus production: Reflux can stimulate excess mucus, affecting voice quality.
• Throat clearing: The urge to clear the throat frequently can strain the vocal cords.
• Chronic cough: A persistent cough from reflux can cause vocal fatigue.

To protect vocal health, individuals prone to acid reflux should:

1. Stay well-hydrated to keep the throat and vocal cords lubricated.
2. Avoid eating or drinking close to bedtime or performances.
3. Use proper vocal techniques and avoid straining the voice.
4. Consider working with a vocal coach or speech therapist for personalized strategies.

By addressing acid reflux and implementing vocal health strategies, singers and speakers can maintain their vocal quality and reduce the risk of long-term damage.

The Connection Between Acid Reflux and Sleep Apnea

Emerging research suggests a potential link between acid reflux and sleep apnea. How are these two conditions related, and what implications does this have for treatment?

The relationship between acid reflux and sleep apnea appears to be bidirectional:

• Sleep apnea can exacerbate acid reflux by creating negative pressure in the chest, pulling stomach contents upward.
• Acid reflux can worsen sleep apnea by causing inflammation in the throat, narrowing the airway.

For individuals experiencing both conditions, a comprehensive treatment approach may be necessary. This could include:

1. Using a CPAP machine for sleep apnea
2. Elevating the head of the bed to reduce nighttime reflux
3. Managing acid reflux through medication and lifestyle changes
4. Addressing underlying factors like obesity that can contribute to both conditions

If you suspect you have both acid reflux and sleep apnea, consult with a sleep specialist or gastroenterologist for a thorough evaluation and tailored treatment plan.

Sore throat and acid reflux: Causes and treatment

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Our team thoroughly researches and evaluates the recommendations we make on our site. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we:

• Evaluate ingredients and composition: Do they have the potential to cause harm?
• Fact-check all health claims: Do they align with the current body of scientific evidence?
• Assess the brand: Does it operate with integrity and adhere to industry best practices?

We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness.

Read more about our vetting process.

Was this helpful?

In April 2020, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requested that all forms of prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) ranitidine (Zantac) be removed from the U. S. market. They made this recommendation because unacceptable levels of NDMA, a probable carcinogen (or cancer-causing chemical), were present in some ranitidine products. People taking prescription ranitidine should talk with their doctor about safe alternative options before stopping the drug. People taking OTC ranitidine should stop taking the drug and talk with their healthcare provider about alternative options. Instead of taking unused ranitidine products to a drug take-back site, a person should dispose of them according to the product’s instructions or by following the FDA’s guidance.

Acid reflux happens when stomach acid travels up into the esophagus, irritating its lining. This irritation can lead to a sore throat, a dry cough, and wheezing.

It can also cause heartburn, a bitter taste in the mouth, regurgitation, indigestion, and difficulty swallowing.

Acid reflux is a common condition. A person may notice the symptoms when they are lying down or bending over, or after eating a big meal or spicy food.

Read on to learn about:

• what acid reflux is
• if it can cause a sore throat
• acid reflux in children
• treatments and self-care strategies
• other causes of a sore throat

Acid reflux is another name for gastroesophageal reflux. It occurs when stomach acid and other stomach contents rise up into the esophagus.

Acid reflux is a common condition and often does not cause symptoms. When it does, a person may have indigestion or heartburn.

Some people develop chronic reflux, and doctors call this gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It causes more severe and lasting symptoms. About 20% of people in the United States have GERD.

In addition to indigestion and heartburn, acid reflux can cause:

• a sore throat
• regurgitation
• nausea
• pain or difficulty with swallowing

Having weakened or irregular muscles at the base of the esophagus can cause GERD. Other possible causes include:

• eating fatty, acidic, or spicy foods
• having unusual esophageal spasms
• pregnancy
• a hiatal hernia
• slow stomach emptying

Learn more about acid reflux, including how doctors diagnose it, here.

Yes. Acid reflux can cause a sore throat, though heartburn is the most common symptom.

When a sore throat stems from acid reflux, a person may also feel as if they have a lump in their throat.

Head and neck symptoms related to acid reflux can be misleading. Doctors sometimes misdiagnose a persistent sore throat from acid reflux as recurrent or chronic tonsillitis.

Complications of acid reflux

Some people who have acid reflux for a long time may experience:

• Narrowing of the esophagus: The rising stomach acid can damage cells in the lower esophagus, resulting in scar tissue that narrows the organ. This can make swallowing difficult.
• Erosion of tissues: The acid can also cause ulcers, which can be painful. This is known as erosive esophagitis.
• Barret’s esophagus: This condition can cause changes in the tissue that lines the lower esophagus. These changes are associated with a higher risk of esophageal cancer. Routine endoscopy exams can detect early signs of this cancer in people with Barret’s esophagus.

Laryngeal pharyngeal reflux

When stomach, or gastric, acid reaches the vocal cords, it can cause significant inflammation.

If this occurs repeatedly, it can cause in hoarseness, frequent throat clearing, coughing, and a feeling that something is stuck in the throat. The name for this issue is laryngeal pharyngeal reflux.

It often seems to begin as an upper respiratory illness. The symptoms may linger, as a result of damage to the vocal cords that can stem from even small levels of acid reflux.

Treating acid reflux effectively reduces the risk of its complications. Often, small changes to routines can make a difference.

Diet and other self-care strategies

Some people can prevent the sore throat from acid reflux by avoiding activities and foods that increase the risk of acid reflux and its complications.

In otherwise healthy people, these measures may be enough to manage acid reflux, without the need for meds:

• eating small meals 3 to 4 times a day
• elevating the head more during sleep
• not eating 2–3 hours before bed
• avoiding citrus juices, tomato juice, and other acidic drinks, which can irritate the lining of the esophagus
• avoiding acidic, spicy, and fatty foods, including full-fat cow’s milk
• avoiding carbonated, caffeinated, and alcoholic drinks
• not eating mint or mint-flavored foods
• avoiding chocolate
• maintaining a moderate weight
• not wearing tight clothes
• not smoking

Medication

OTC and prescription medicines can neutralize or reduce stomach acids, relieving the symptoms of acid reflux, including a sore throat.

Two helpful types of medication are histamine-2 blockers (h3 blockers) and antacids. h3 blockers help reduce the amount of acid in the stomach, while antacids can help with mild symptoms of acid reflux or GERD.

Other medications work by strengthening the muscles that separate the esophagus from the stomach, to prevent stomach acid from traveling upward.

Various acid reflux medications are available for purchase online.

When to see a doctor

A person should see a doctor if they have any bothersome or concerning symptoms, especially those that might indicate an underlying health issue.

It is also a good idea to contact a doctor if existing reflux symptoms worsen. Particularly if the symptoms are interfering with daily life, a doctor may recommend stronger medications or surgery.

Anyone who has indigestion with chest pain, shortness of breath, or pain in the arm or jaw should receive emergency medical care. These symptoms may indicate a heart attack.

Learn about the signs of a heart attack in females here.

Acid reflux can affect children and infants, as well as adolescents and adults.

Infants with acid reflux may refuse to eat or be unable to gain weight. They may have breathing difficulties or pain after eating.

The cause may be spending long periods lying down or an underdeveloped esophagus.

Also, some experts believe that the length of the esophagus, the condition of the muscles in the lower esophagus, and pinching of the fibers in the diaphragm may influence the development of this condition in children.

Children may also be sensitive to certain foods that affect the valve-like mechanism between the esophagus and the stomach.

When children have acid reflux, doctors may may recommend:

• not lying down immediately after a meal
• having the head raised more during sleep
• the same changes to eating habits described in the self-care section above

For older children, depending on the severity of the symptoms, doctors may prescribe or recommend:

• antacids
• h3 blockers, such as famotidine (Pepcid)
• proton pump inhibitors, such as esomeprazole (Nexium), omeprazole (Prilosec), and lansoprazole (Prevacid)

Several environmental and behavioral factors can cause a sore throat. It may be more likely that a viral or bacterial infection is responsible, such as:

• A cold or the flu: These viral illnesses are the most common cause of a sore throat.
• Strep throat: Group A Streptococcus bacteria cause the inflammation known as strep throat. Symptoms include a sore throat that starts suddenly, red and swollen tonsils, pain when swallowing, and a fever.
• Diphtheria: This potentially serious illness can also cause a fever, weakness, and swollen lymph nodes, sometimes called swollen glands.
• Whooping cough: This bacterial illness causes a sore throat by affecting the respiratory mucous membrane.

Some other illnesses that can cause a sore throat include:

• mononucleosis, also known as glandular fever
• measles
• chickenpox
• croup

In rare cases, a sore throat is sign of HIV or throat cancer.

Anyone with a weakened immune system, such as from HIV, may be prone to oral thrush and cytomegalovirus infection, both of which can affect the throat.

Allergies

Anyone with an allergy to mold, pet dander, or pollen may have a sore throat when they encounter these allergens. The allergic reaction causes mucus to accumulate in the throat, which results in pain and inflammation.

Dry air can also make some people’s throats feel raw and scratchy.

Smoke, tobacco, and alcohol

People who smoke or are regularly exposed to secondhand smoke have an increased risk of a sore throat.

Chewing tobacco or drinking alcohol can also irritate the throat.

Shouting and speaking

Talking for long periods without rest, speaking loudly, or shouting can strain the muscles in the throat, causing soreness.

Acid reflux can cause several symptoms, including a sore throat. Anyone can develop this condition, including infants. The treatment may involve self-care strategies and, for older children and adults, medications.

Speak with a doctor if the symptoms do not improve with treatment or worsen. Also, contact a doctor if asset reflux symptoms occur with any symptoms that are concerning.

If indigestion accompanies chest pain, shortness of breath, or pain in the arm or jaw, contact emergency medical services. These symptoms can indicate a heart attack.

Sore throat and acid reflux: Causes and treatment

We include products we think are useful for our readers. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission Here’s our process.

Medical News Today only shows you brands and products that we stand behind.

Our team thoroughly researches and evaluates the recommendations we make on our site. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we:

• Evaluate ingredients and composition: Do they have the potential to cause harm?
• Fact-check all health claims: Do they align with the current body of scientific evidence?
• Assess the brand: Does it operate with integrity and adhere to industry best practices?

We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness.

Read more about our vetting process.

Was this helpful?

In April 2020, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requested that all forms of prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) ranitidine (Zantac) be removed from the U.S. market. They made this recommendation because unacceptable levels of NDMA, a probable carcinogen (or cancer-causing chemical), were present in some ranitidine products. People taking prescription ranitidine should talk with their doctor about safe alternative options before stopping the drug. People taking OTC ranitidine should stop taking the drug and talk with their healthcare provider about alternative options. Instead of taking unused ranitidine products to a drug take-back site, a person should dispose of them according to the product’s instructions or by following the FDA’s guidance.

Acid reflux happens when stomach acid travels up into the esophagus, irritating its lining. This irritation can lead to a sore throat, a dry cough, and wheezing.

It can also cause heartburn, a bitter taste in the mouth, regurgitation, indigestion, and difficulty swallowing.

Acid reflux is a common condition. A person may notice the symptoms when they are lying down or bending over, or after eating a big meal or spicy food.

Read on to learn about:

• what acid reflux is
• if it can cause a sore throat
• acid reflux in children
• treatments and self-care strategies
• other causes of a sore throat

Acid reflux is another name for gastroesophageal reflux. It occurs when stomach acid and other stomach contents rise up into the esophagus.

Acid reflux is a common condition and often does not cause symptoms. When it does, a person may have indigestion or heartburn.

Some people develop chronic reflux, and doctors call this gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It causes more severe and lasting symptoms. About 20% of people in the United States have GERD.

In addition to indigestion and heartburn, acid reflux can cause:

• a sore throat
• regurgitation
• nausea
• pain or difficulty with swallowing

Having weakened or irregular muscles at the base of the esophagus can cause GERD. Other possible causes include:

• eating fatty, acidic, or spicy foods
• having unusual esophageal spasms
• pregnancy
• a hiatal hernia
• slow stomach emptying

Learn more about acid reflux, including how doctors diagnose it, here.

Yes. Acid reflux can cause a sore throat, though heartburn is the most common symptom.

When a sore throat stems from acid reflux, a person may also feel as if they have a lump in their throat.

Head and neck symptoms related to acid reflux can be misleading. Doctors sometimes misdiagnose a persistent sore throat from acid reflux as recurrent or chronic tonsillitis.

Complications of acid reflux

Some people who have acid reflux for a long time may experience:

• Narrowing of the esophagus: The rising stomach acid can damage cells in the lower esophagus, resulting in scar tissue that narrows the organ. This can make swallowing difficult.
• Erosion of tissues: The acid can also cause ulcers, which can be painful. This is known as erosive esophagitis.
• Barret’s esophagus: This condition can cause changes in the tissue that lines the lower esophagus. These changes are associated with a higher risk of esophageal cancer. Routine endoscopy exams can detect early signs of this cancer in people with Barret’s esophagus.

Laryngeal pharyngeal reflux

When stomach, or gastric, acid reaches the vocal cords, it can cause significant inflammation.

If this occurs repeatedly, it can cause in hoarseness, frequent throat clearing, coughing, and a feeling that something is stuck in the throat. The name for this issue is laryngeal pharyngeal reflux.

It often seems to begin as an upper respiratory illness. The symptoms may linger, as a result of damage to the vocal cords that can stem from even small levels of acid reflux.

Treating acid reflux effectively reduces the risk of its complications. Often, small changes to routines can make a difference.

Diet and other self-care strategies

Some people can prevent the sore throat from acid reflux by avoiding activities and foods that increase the risk of acid reflux and its complications.

In otherwise healthy people, these measures may be enough to manage acid reflux, without the need for meds:

• eating small meals 3 to 4 times a day
• elevating the head more during sleep
• not eating 2–3 hours before bed
• avoiding citrus juices, tomato juice, and other acidic drinks, which can irritate the lining of the esophagus
• avoiding acidic, spicy, and fatty foods, including full-fat cow’s milk
• avoiding carbonated, caffeinated, and alcoholic drinks
• not eating mint or mint-flavored foods
• avoiding chocolate
• maintaining a moderate weight
• not wearing tight clothes
• not smoking

Medication

OTC and prescription medicines can neutralize or reduce stomach acids, relieving the symptoms of acid reflux, including a sore throat.

Two helpful types of medication are histamine-2 blockers (h3 blockers) and antacids. h3 blockers help reduce the amount of acid in the stomach, while antacids can help with mild symptoms of acid reflux or GERD.

Other medications work by strengthening the muscles that separate the esophagus from the stomach, to prevent stomach acid from traveling upward.

Various acid reflux medications are available for purchase online.

When to see a doctor

A person should see a doctor if they have any bothersome or concerning symptoms, especially those that might indicate an underlying health issue.

It is also a good idea to contact a doctor if existing reflux symptoms worsen. Particularly if the symptoms are interfering with daily life, a doctor may recommend stronger medications or surgery.

Anyone who has indigestion with chest pain, shortness of breath, or pain in the arm or jaw should receive emergency medical care. These symptoms may indicate a heart attack.

Learn about the signs of a heart attack in females here.

Acid reflux can affect children and infants, as well as adolescents and adults.

Infants with acid reflux may refuse to eat or be unable to gain weight. They may have breathing difficulties or pain after eating.

The cause may be spending long periods lying down or an underdeveloped esophagus.

Also, some experts believe that the length of the esophagus, the condition of the muscles in the lower esophagus, and pinching of the fibers in the diaphragm may influence the development of this condition in children.

Children may also be sensitive to certain foods that affect the valve-like mechanism between the esophagus and the stomach.

When children have acid reflux, doctors may may recommend:

• not lying down immediately after a meal
• having the head raised more during sleep
• the same changes to eating habits described in the self-care section above

For older children, depending on the severity of the symptoms, doctors may prescribe or recommend:

• antacids
• h3 blockers, such as famotidine (Pepcid)
• proton pump inhibitors, such as esomeprazole (Nexium), omeprazole (Prilosec), and lansoprazole (Prevacid)

Several environmental and behavioral factors can cause a sore throat. It may be more likely that a viral or bacterial infection is responsible, such as:

• A cold or the flu: These viral illnesses are the most common cause of a sore throat.
• Strep throat: Group A Streptococcus bacteria cause the inflammation known as strep throat. Symptoms include a sore throat that starts suddenly, red and swollen tonsils, pain when swallowing, and a fever.
• Diphtheria: This potentially serious illness can also cause a fever, weakness, and swollen lymph nodes, sometimes called swollen glands.
• Whooping cough: This bacterial illness causes a sore throat by affecting the respiratory mucous membrane.

Some other illnesses that can cause a sore throat include:

• mononucleosis, also known as glandular fever
• measles
• chickenpox
• croup

In rare cases, a sore throat is sign of HIV or throat cancer.

Anyone with a weakened immune system, such as from HIV, may be prone to oral thrush and cytomegalovirus infection, both of which can affect the throat.

Allergies

Anyone with an allergy to mold, pet dander, or pollen may have a sore throat when they encounter these allergens. The allergic reaction causes mucus to accumulate in the throat, which results in pain and inflammation.

Dry air can also make some people’s throats feel raw and scratchy.

Smoke, tobacco, and alcohol

People who smoke or are regularly exposed to secondhand smoke have an increased risk of a sore throat.

Chewing tobacco or drinking alcohol can also irritate the throat.

Shouting and speaking

Talking for long periods without rest, speaking loudly, or shouting can strain the muscles in the throat, causing soreness.

Acid reflux can cause several symptoms, including a sore throat. Anyone can develop this condition, including infants. The treatment may involve self-care strategies and, for older children and adults, medications.

Speak with a doctor if the symptoms do not improve with treatment or worsen. Also, contact a doctor if asset reflux symptoms occur with any symptoms that are concerning.

If indigestion accompanies chest pain, shortness of breath, or pain in the arm or jaw, contact emergency medical services. These symptoms can indicate a heart attack.

Laryngopharyngeal reflux – causes, symptoms and treatment

Laryngopharyngeal reflux is not an independent disease, but one of the most common manifestations of gastroesophageal disease (GERD), a pathology of the digestive system, in which the contents of the stomach or duodenum are regularly thrown into the esophagus and cause inflammation of its walls .

Laryngopharyngeal reflux is estimated to occur in about 10% of people diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux (GERD). Most often, reflux affects people of young and middle age: 20-60 years.

Mechanism of development of laryngopharyngeal reflux

The esophagus is a hollow muscular tube that connects the pharynx to the stomach. Wave-like contraction of the esophagus allows you to push the chewed food into the stomach.

In the upper and lower parts of the esophagus there are special valves – sphincters

Sphincters are located in the upper and lower parts of the esophagus – special valves that allow liquid and food to pass only down into the stomach. Outside of eating, these valves are normally closed and prevent gastric contents (undigested food and gastric juice) from entering the esophagus.

Gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid, which helps digest food. Acid does not harm the stomach, but it acts destructively on other organs.

In laryngopharyngeal reflux, the upper esophageal sphincter does not close completely. As a result, the contents of the stomach are thrown into the esophagus, and from there into the upper respiratory tract and larynx and damage their mucous membranes.

Causes of laryngopharyngeal reflux

There are a number of factors that can trigger the development of laryngopharyngeal reflux.

Main causes of LPR:

• eating large amounts of salty, fatty foods, chocolate, coffee, carbonated drinks, alcohol;
• peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
• chronic gastroduodenitis – simultaneous damage to the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum;
• hiatal hernia – a hernial protrusion that appears when the lower esophagus, upper stomach and intestinal loops are displaced into the chest cavity;
• cholelithiasis – the formation of stones in the gallbladder;
• increased intra-abdominal pressure with flatulence, large neoplasms of internal organs or retroperitoneal space, severe obesity, as well as during pregnancy;
• taking certain drugs from the nitrate group, calcium channel blockers, antidepressants;
• irregular meals, habit of overeating before going to bed;
• Working in a bent or stooped position or taking such postures immediately after eating.

One of the causes of laryngopharyngeal reflux is eating a lot of fatty and fried foods

Symptoms of laryngopharyngeal reflux

The main symptoms of laryngopharyngeal reflux are an unproductive cough and sore throat that worsens after eating. Without timely treatment, there is a risk of developing dysphonia: the voice becomes hoarse or may completely disappear. In this case, it is only possible to speak in a whisper. Unpleasant sensations may appear in the ear area – congestion, pops.

Complications of laryngopharyngeal reflux

In LPR, the mucous membranes of the mouth and upper respiratory tract are constantly injured by the acidic contents of the stomach. Over time, this can provoke sluggish inflammatory processes.

The most common complications of laryngopharyngeal reflux – LPR:

• chronic tonsillitis – inflammation of the palatine tonsils;
• laryngitis – inflammation of the mucous membrane of the larynx;
• adenoiditis – acute or chronic inflammation of the pharyngeal tonsil;
• chronic tracheobronchitis – inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchi, trachea and bronchioles (terminal branches of the bronchial tree).

Diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux

Diagnosis of “laryngopharyngeal reflux” is made on the basis of patient complaints, examination data and instrumental and laboratory studies.

Inspection

At the appointment, the doctor conducts a survey: he studies the patient’s diet, eating habits, be sure to pay attention to comorbidities and factors that may contribute to an increase in intra-abdominal pressure.

The Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) scale is sometimes used for preliminary diagnosis of LPR. The assessment is carried out on a five-point scale, where 0 – the symptom is absent, 5 – the symptom is pronounced.

If the RSI is 10 or more, the patient may be suspected of having laryngopharyngeal reflux.

Next, the specialist examines the patient’s pharynx and larynx using special lighting and mirrors. On the back and side walls of the pharynx with LPR, enlarged lymphoid follicles are usually found – they look like grains on the mucous membrane. Mucus is visible between the palatine arches, there may be plugs in the tonsils. At the same time, the mucous membrane of the pharynx is swollen and cyanotic.

When examining the larynx, the doctor may find ulceration in the vocal folds and laryngeal cartilages.

If, based on the results of the interview and examination, the doctor suspects LPR – laryngopharyngeal reflux, he may prescribe instrumental examinations to the patient to confirm the diagnosis.

Instrumental diagnostics

One of the main ways to confirm or exclude laryngopharyngeal reflux is laryngoscopy (examination of the larynx using a special mirror). The procedure allows you to assess in detail the condition of the mucous membrane of the mouth and larynx, to identify violations in the work of the vocal cords.

Also, for diagnostics, FGDS can be prescribed – fibrogastroduodenoscopy . During the procedure, a thin tube is inserted through the patient’s mouth into the esophagus, at the end of which there is a camera and a special flashlight. The procedure is not too pleasant, but does not last long.

According to the results of EGD, the doctor can assess the condition of the mucous membrane of the esophagus and sphincters – valves that are located in its upper and lower parts

Intragastric pH is a method that measures the acidity of the gastric juice and evaluates how damaging the stomach contents are to the esophagus. During the study, a flexible probe is inserted into the corresponding section of the gastrointestinal tract. The results obtained from the probe are processed by a computer.

Esophageal impedancemetry is a study that allows you to detect the movement of gastric contents into the esophagus and evaluate how often and for how long this happens, how the process is affected by the position of the person’s body, the amount of food and the type of medications that he takes. During the procedure, a thin probe equipped with special sensors is inserted into the esophagus and left for 24 hours.

To determine the causes of LPR, the doctor may refer the patient to laboratory tests.

Laboratory diagnostics

So, if chronic gastroduodenitis is suspected, it is useful to take an analysis for Helicobacter in feces by PCR. The bacterium Helicobacter pylori is one of the main causative agents of inflammatory diseases of the stomach and duodenum, including gastroduodenitis.

Helicobacter, DNA (Helicobacter pylori, PCR) feces, quality.

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LPR can also provoke cholelithiasis. A general and biochemical blood test helps to suspect it. The CBC will show non-specific signs of inflammation – an increase in ESR and the concentration of leukocytes. The results of a biochemical study can confirm hypercholesterolemia (increased blood levels of cholesterol), hyperbilirubinemia (high levels of bilirubin) and an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity.

Complete blood count extended with leukocyte formula and reticulocytes (only venous blood)

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Treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux

Treatment of LPR is carried out simultaneously with GERD therapy and includes two main areas: lifestyle changes and the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).

Basic recommendations related to the patient’s lifestyle:

• stop smoking and drinking alcohol;
• monitor body weight;
• to sleep with the head of the bed raised by 15 cm;
• do not wear tight belts, corsets, bandages;
• adjust the diet: do not overeat at night, avoid fatty and fried foods, citrus fruits, coffee, chocolate;
• do not lie down immediately after eating;
• do not take uncontrolled drugs that provoke reflux (reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus): nitrates and calcium channel blockers (they are prescribed for heart disease), as well as antidepressants.

Proton pump inhibitors are medicines that permanently reduce stomach acid production. Usually they are prescribed in standard doses, then the dosage is reduced and gradually switched to maintenance therapy for a period of 6 months to 1 year. The dosage regimen is prescribed by the attending physician.

In difficult cases, surgical treatment may be required – Nissen fundoplication: the fundus of the stomach is wrapped around the esophagus, thus creating a cuff that prevents gastric juice from flowing back into the esophagus.

Which doctor to contact for laryngopharyngeal reflux

Laryngopharyngeal reflux is treated by an otolaryngologist (ENT) – a specialist in diseases of the larynx, pharynx, nose, and ears. He often works with a gastroenterologist.

Prognosis and prevention

With timely treatment and compliance with all doctor’s recommendations, the prognosis is favorable.

Neglected cases and self-treatment can lead to complications: chronic tonsillitis, pharyngitis and other diseases, including pneumonia – pneumonia.

To prevent relapses, patients need to adhere to a balanced diet: do not overeat at night, refuse fatty and fried foods, citrus fruits, coffee, and alcoholic beverages. Sleep with the head of the bed raised by 15 cm. Do not lift weights, watch your weight and do not tighten your chest and stomach with tight corsets and bandages.

And most importantly: when the first symptoms of laryngopharyngeal reflux appear, consult a general practitioner or otolaryngologist (ENT) so as not to start the disease and avoid its complications.

Sources

1. Plotnikova E.Yu., Krasnova M.V., Krasnov K.A., Baranova E.N. Laryngopharyngeal reflux in gastroenterological practice // Attending physician, 2014. No. 2. P. 61–66.
2. Plotnikova E.Yu. “Masks” of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Laryngopharyngeal reflux // IDoctor, 2014. No. 6(25). C. 28–31/
3. Kosyakov S. Ya., Loranskaya I. D., Angotoeva I. B., Muldasheva A. A. Laryngopharyngeal reflux: yesterday, today, tomorrow // Medical Council, 2016. #6. pp. 78–80.

Sore throat and voice treatment for reflux symptoms

Sore throat and its treatment with symptoms of reflux requires a mandatory consultation with a gastroenterologist, an otolaryngologist and the appointment of complex therapy.

A hoarse throat, a lost voice, a feeling of itching, coughing, hoarseness, frequent heartburn are all symptoms of reflux esophagitis. It occurs when inflammation of the mucous membranes of the lower segment of the esophagus due to the frequent reverse reflux of contents from the stomach.

Sore throat and its treatment with symptoms of reflux requires a mandatory consultation with a gastroenterologist, an otolaryngologist and the appointment of complex therapy.

Effect of reflux on the voice

With a long and protracted disease of the digestive tract, diseases of the throat and larynx often occur. The backflow of contents from the esophagus into the throat that occurs with reflux leads to a burning sensation and sensation of a lump in the throat, and sometimes causes swelling of the vocal cords. Such an impact on the speech apparatus is often accompanied by changes in the voice.

Typical symptoms of reflux, indicating a disease of the throat and ligaments, are:

• frequent nocturnal cough;
• morning hoarseness, passing during the day;
• pain when swallowing;
• dry mouth;
• foreign body sensation in throat;
• difficult breathing at night;
• involuntary spasms of the muscles of the larynx;
• heartburn.

With reflux, the throat hurts most often after eating and in the morning after waking up, a characteristic plaque is noticeable on the tongue and a bitter taste appears in the mouth.

How reflux can affect the condition of the larynx

The surfaces of the pharynx and larynx are very sensitive to the effects of gastric secretions. The epithelial layer of these organs is not as protected as the epithelium of the esophagus, therefore, it reacts more intensively to negative influences. This leads to the fact that as a result of reflux disease, conditions such as:

• redness or swelling of the ligaments;
• contact ulcers of the larynx;
• granulomas on the vocal folds;
• narrowing of the glottis.

With prolonged inflammation, in advanced cases, when the necessary treatment is not carried out, tumors may form in the throat and larynx.

How to treat a throat with reflux

For effective treatment of throat with reflux, proper nutrition is required:

• frequent small meals;
• getting rid of excess weight and bad habits, in particular, smoking;
• elimination of meals just before bedtime;
• removal of foods with a high level of acidity from the diet.

To eliminate hoarseness and get rid of hoarseness, you can also use the complex preparation Homeovox. It will help to quickly restore ligaments, cope with voice disorders and protect it from overvoltage.

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• frequent nocturnal cough;
• morning hoarseness, passing during the day;
• pain when swallowing;
• dry mouth;
• foreign body sensation in throat;
• difficult breathing at night;
• involuntary spasms of the muscles of the larynx;
• heartburn.

With reflux, the throat hurts most often after eating and in the morning after waking up, a characteristic coating is noticeable on the tongue and a bitter taste appears in the mouth.

How reflux can affect the condition of the larynx

The surfaces of the pharynx and larynx are very sensitive to the effects of gastric secretions. The epithelial layer of these organs is not as protected as the epithelium of the esophagus, therefore, it reacts more intensively to negative influences. This leads to the fact that as a result of reflux disease, conditions such as:

• redness or swelling of the ligaments;
• contact ulcers of the larynx;
• granulomas on the vocal folds;
• narrowing of the glottis.

With prolonged inflammation, in advanced cases, when the necessary treatment is not carried out, tumors may form in the throat and larynx.

How to treat a throat with reflux

For effective treatment of throat with reflux, proper nutrition is required:

• frequent small meals;
• getting rid of excess weight and bad habits, in particular, smoking;
• elimination of meals just before bedtime;
• removal of foods with a high level of acidity from the diet.

To eliminate hoarseness and get rid of hoarseness, you can also use the complex preparation Homeovox. It will help to quickly restore ligaments, cope with voice disorders and protect it from overvoltage.