Side effects of spironolactone – NHS

Like all medicines, spironolactone can cause side effects, although not everyone gets them.

Side effects often happen when you first start taking spironolactone and get better as your body gets used to the medicine.

Common side effects

These common side effects of spironolactone happen in more than 1 in 100 people. There are things you can do to help cope with them:

Feeling dizzy

If spironolactone makes you feel dizzy when you stand up, try getting up very slowly or stay sitting down until you feel better. If you begin to feel dizzy, lie down so that you do not faint, then sit until you feel better. Do not drive, cycle or use tools or machines while you’re feeling dizzy.

This side effect usually wears off after a few days. Talk to your doctor if it carries on for longer.

Feeling or being sick

Take spironolactone with or just after a meal. It may help if you stick to simple meals and do not eat rich or spicy food. If you’re being sick, take small, frequent sips of water so you do not get dehydrated (ask your doctor how much fluid you can drink).

If you take contraceptive pills and you’re being sick, your contraception may not protect you from pregnancy. Check the pill packet for advice.

This side effect usually wears off after a few days. Talk to your doctor about taking an anti-sickness medicine if it carries on for longer.

Muscle or leg cramps

If you get unusual muscle cramps that are not from exercise or physical work, talk to your doctor. You may need a blood test to check what is causing it.

Feeling tired or low in energy

Do not drive, cycle or use tools or machinery while you’re feeling tired.

Some ways to increase your energy levels include exercise, eating a healthy diet and making sure you have a regular sleep pattern. There are self-help tips you can try to improve your energy levels.

If you are still feeling tired and low in energy, and this bothers you, or if it’s getting worse, talk to your doctor.

Breast pain and breast enlargement, including in men

If this bothers you, talk to your doctor.

Serious side effects

Some people have serious side effects after taking spironolactone.

Tell your doctor or call 111 straight away if:

• the whites of your eyes turn yellow, or your skin turns yellow, although this may be less obvious on brown or black skin – these can be signs of liver problems
• you get a slow or irregular heartbeat, tingling feeling, muscle weakness or shortness of breath – these can be signs of potassium levels being too high
• you’re peeing less that usual or have dark, strong smelling pee, feel thirsty or feel dizzy or light-headed – these can be signs of dehydration
• you have diarrhoea, are peeing less than usual, are feeling or being sick, and feel drowsy or confused – these can be signs of loss of kidney function

Serious allergic reaction

It’s possible to have a serious allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to spironolactone.

Immediate action required: Call 999 now if:

• your lips, mouth, throat or tongue suddenly become swollen
• you’re breathing very fast or struggling to breathe (you may become very wheezy or feel like you’re choking or gasping for air)
• your throat feels tight or you’re struggling to swallow
• your skin, tongue or lips turn blue, grey or pale (if you have black or brown skin, this may be easier to see on the palms of your hands or soles of your feet)
• you suddenly become very confused, drowsy or dizzy
• someone faints and cannot be woken up
• a child is limp, floppy or not responding like they normally do (their head may fall to the side, backwards or forwards, or they may find it difficult to lift their head or focus on your face)

You or the person who’s unwell may also have a rash that’s swollen, raised, itchy, blistered or peeling.

These can be signs of a serious allergic reaction and may need immediate treatment in hospital.

Other side effects

These are not all the side effects of spironolactone. For a full list see the leaflet inside your medicines packet.

Information:

You can report any suspected side effect using the Yellow Card safety scheme.

Visit Yellow Card for further information.

Page last reviewed: 6 July 2022

Next review due: 6 July 2025

Side Effects, Dosage, Uses, and More

1. Spironolactone oral tablet is available as a brand-name drug and a generic drug. Brand name: Aldactone.
2. Spironolactone comes as an oral tablet and an oral suspension.
3. Spironolactone is used to reduce swelling from liver disease and nephrotic syndrome. It’s also used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and excessive aldosterone secretion.

• Potassium intake: This drug can cause hyperkalemia (high potassium levels). While taking this drug, you should watch your potassium intake. You should not take potassium supplements, eat a diet rich in potassium, or consume salt substitutes containing potassium. Having too much potassium in your body can lead to severe problems. This can even be fatal. Talk with your doctor or a nutritionist if you’re concerned about your potassium intake.
• Enlarged breasts: This drug may cause gynecomastia (increased breast size in males*†). If this happens, your doctor may stop your treatment with this drug. This symptom usually goes away once you stop taking this drug.
• Low blood pressure and worsening kidney function: This drug may result in low blood pressure and worsening kidney function. Your doctor will monitor your blood pressure and kidney function while you take this drug.

  * In this article, we use the term “male” to refer to someone’s sex assigned at birth. For information about the difference between sex and gender, see this article.
  † This side effect could also affect someone who was assigned female at birth but has a certain level of testosterone in their body.

  Spironolactone is a prescription drug. It comes as an oral tablet and an oral suspension (a kind of liquid mixture).

  Spironolactone oral tablet is available as the brand-name drug Aldactone and as a generic drug. Generic drugs usually cost less than the brand-name version. In some cases, they may not be available in all strengths or forms as the brand-name drug.

  This drug may be taken as part of a combination therapy with other medications.

  Why it’s used

  This drug is used to reduce swelling from liver disease and nephrotic syndrome (a kidney problem). It’s also used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and hyperaldosteronism (excessive secretion of the hormone aldosterone).

  How it works

  This drug belongs to a group of drugs called aldosterone antagonists (blockers), or potassium-sparing diuretics. These drugs are often used to treat similar conditions.

  Spironolactone works by blocking aldosterone activity. Aldosterone is a chemical made by the body that can cause water retention. This makes certain heart, kidney, and liver conditions worse. By blocking aldosterone, your body won’t retain fluid. This process also stops your body from ridding itself of potassium.

  This drug may lower your blood pressure by blocking aldosterone’s effect on your blood vessels.

  How long it lasts

  After you take a dose of spironolactone, it takes about 1.5 hours for half of the dose to leave your body. This is known as the drug’s half-life. The drug will have its greatest effect in your body during this time.

  How often you take spironolactone depends on the condition you’re taking the drug to treat. Studies have determined the dosages that help keep an effective level of the drug in the body for the different conditions spironolactone treats. Your doctor will recommend the right dosage of spironolactone for your condition.

  After you stop taking spironolactone, the drug should be removed from your body in about a day.

  If you have questions about how long spironolactone lasts in your body, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

  Spironolactone oral tablet may be used off-label for certain conditions. With off-label use, doctors prescribe a drug for a purpose other than what it’s approved for. Examples of possible off-label uses of spironolactone are discussed below.

  For acne

  Spironolactone is often used off-label to treat acne. For this purpose, 2016 guidelines from the American Academy of Dermatology recommend the drug specifically for certain females.* The drug is not recommended for treating acne in males.*

  Research into the effectiveness of spironolactone for treating acne is ongoing.

  To find out more about taking spironolactone to treat acne, talk with your doctor or pharmacist.

  * In this article, we use the terms “male” and female” to refer to someone’s sex assigned at birth. For information about the difference between sex and gender, see this article.

  For hair loss

  Spironolactone may be used off-label to treat a certain kind of hair loss called female* pattern baldness. A small study suggests the drug may be effective for treating this condition, but more research is needed to confirm this.

  Spironolactone is usually not prescribed for male* pattern baldness. This is because it also has the potential to cause gynecomastia (increased breast size in males†). In certain situations, a doctor may consider using spironolactone off-label for male pattern baldness.

  To learn more about taking spironolactone to treat hair loss, talk with your doctor or pharmacist.

  * In this article, we use the terms “male” and female” to refer to someone’s sex assigned at birth. For information about the difference between sex and gender, see this article.
  † This side effect could also affect someone who was assigned female at birth but has a certain level of testosterone in their body.

  Spironolactone oral tablet may cause drowsiness. You should not drive, use machinery, or do similar tasks that require alertness until you know how this drug affects you.

  This drug can also cause other side effects.

  More common side effects

  The more common side effects that can occur with spironolactone include:

  • diarrhea and belly cramps
  • nausea and vomiting
  • hyperkalemia (high potassium level)
  • leg cramps
  • headache
  • dizziness
  • drowsiness
  • itching
  • irregular menstrual cycles or bleeding after menopause

  If these effects are mild, they may go away within a few days or a couple of weeks. If they’re more severe or don’t go away, talk with your doctor or pharmacist.

  Serious side effects

  Call your doctor right away if you have serious side effects. Call 911 if your symptoms feel life threatening or if you think you’re having a medical emergency. Serious side effects and their symptoms can include the following:

  • Allergic reaction. Symptoms can include:
    • skin rash
    • hives
    • fever
    • trouble breathing
    • swelling of your lips, mouth, tongue, or throat
  • Fluid and electrolyte problems. Symptoms can include:
    • mouth dryness
    • extreme thirst
    • extreme weakness and tiredness
    • fast heart rate and dizziness
    • not being able to urinate
  • Dangerously high potassium levels. Symptoms can include:
    • muscle weakness
    • not being able to move your legs and arms
    • extreme tiredness
    • tingling or numb feeling in your hands or feet
    • slow heart rate
  • Gynecomastia (increased breast size in males*†).
  • Severe skin reactions. Symptoms can include:
    • skin discoloration, blistering, peeling, or loosening of your skin, including inside of your mouth

  * In this article, we use the term “male” to refer to someone’s sex assigned at birth. For information about the difference between sex and gender, see this article.
  † This side effect could also affect someone who was assigned female at birth but has a certain level of testosterone in their body.

  Disclaimer: Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current information. However, because drugs affect each person differently, we cannot guarantee that this information includes all possible side effects. This information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always discuss possible side effects with a healthcare professional who knows your medical history.

  Spironolactone oral tablet can interact with other medications, vitamins, or herbs you may be taking. An interaction is when a substance changes the way a drug works. This can be harmful or prevent the drug from working well.

  To help avoid interactions, be sure to tell your doctor about all medications, vitamins, or herbs you’re taking. They’ll let you know if any interact with propranolol and adjust your treatment if needed. To find out how this drug might interact with something else you’re taking, talk with your doctor or pharmacist.

  Examples of drugs that can cause interactions with spironolactone are listed below.

  Drugs and supplements that increase potassium blood levels

  Taking certain medications with spironolactone can increase the amount of potassium in your body to unsafe levels. Examples of these drugs include:

  • angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, such as:
    • benazepril (Lotensin)
    • captopril
    • enalapril (Vasotec)
    • fosinopril
    • moexipril
    • perindopril
    • quinapril
    • ramipril (Altace)
    • trandolapril
  • angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), such as:
    • irbesartan (Avapro)
    • losartan (Cozaar)
    • olmesartan (Benicar)
    • telmisartan (Micardis)
    • valsartan (Diovan)
  • direct renin inhibitors, such as:
    • aliskiren (Tekturna)
  • heparin and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH)
  • potassium supplements
  • potassium-sparing diuretics, such as:
    • triamterene (Dyrenium)
    • eplerenone (Inspra) (This drug should not be used with spironolactone. )

  Pain drugs

  Taking certain pain drugs with spironolactone can result in kidney damage and increased blood pressure. Examples of these pain drugs include:

  • nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as:
    • diclofenac (Zipsor)
    • ibuprofen (Advil)
    • indomethacin (Indocin)
    • ketoprofen
    • ketorolac (Sprix)
    • meloxicam (Mobic)
    • nabumetone
    • naproxen (Aleve)
    • piroxicam (Feldene)

  Cholesterol drugs

  Taking certain cholesterol drugs with spironolactone can increase the amount of potassium and acid in your body to unsafe levels. Examples of these drugs include:

  • cholestyramine (Prevalite)

  Lithium

  Taking lithium (Lithobid) with spironolactone can increase the effects of lithium. Your doctor may lower your dosage of lithium if you take these drugs together.

  Digoxin

  Taking digoxin (Lanoxin) with spironolactone may increase the effects of digoxin. Your doctor may monitor you closely if you take these drugs together.

  Disclaimer: Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current information. However, because drugs interact differently in each person, we cannot guarantee that this information includes all possible interactions. This information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always speak with your healthcare professional about possible interactions with all prescription drugs, vitamins, herbs and supplements, and over-the-counter drugs that you are taking.

  This drug comes with several warnings.

  Allergy warning

  This drug can cause a severe allergic reaction. Symptoms include:

  • trouble breathing
  • swelling of your throat or tongue
  • hives

  Call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room if you develop these symptoms.

  Do not take this drug again if you’ve ever had an allergic reaction to it. Taking it again could be fatal.

  Warnings for people with certain health conditions

  For people with liver disease: Taking this drug when you have liver disease may lead to a coma. Tell your doctor right away if you have the following symptoms, which may be signs of hepatic coma:

  • confusion
  • poor judgment
  • foggy memory
  • abnormal body movements and shaking
  • trouble concentrating

  For people with hyperkalemia: You should not take this drug if you have hyperkalemia (high potassium levels). It can worsen the condition.

  For people with kidney disease: You’re at increased risk of side effects from this drug. You’re also at increased risk of high potassium levels. If you take this drug, you should monitor your potassium levels closely. Your doctor can check your potassium levels using a blood test.

  For people with Addison’s disease: You should not take this drug if you have Addison’s disease. It can make your illness worse.

  For people with heart disease: Don’t take potassium supplements, eat a diet high in potassium, or take drugs that increase potassium levels if you have heart failure and you’re taking this drug. Dangerously high potassium levels are more likely if you have heart failure. This can be fatal.

  Warnings for other groups

  For pregnant people: There haven’t been enough studies done to be certain how the drug might affect a fetus.

  Despite this lack of research, this drug should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk. Tell your doctor if you’re pregnant or plan to become pregnant. If you become pregnant while taking this drug, contact your doctor right away.

  For people who are breastfeeding: A metabolite (substance that results from the breakdown of a drug) from spironolactone passes into breast milk. This may cause side effects in a child who is breastfed. Talk with your doctor if you breastfeed your child. They may recommend that you stop breastfeeding or suggest a different medication for your condition.

  For older adults: Older adults may process drugs more slowly. A usual adult dose may cause levels of spironolactone to be higher than usual. If you’re an older adult, you may need a lower dose or a different dosage schedule.

  For children: This medication should not be used in children younger than 18 years.

  When to call the doctor

  1. Call your doctor if you have trouble breathing or swelling in your legs. This means that your heart disease may be getting worse.

  Was this helpful?

  All possible dosages and forms may not be included here. Your doctor will tell you what dosage is right for you. Your dose, form, and how often you take it will depend on:

  • your age
  • the condition being treated
  • how severe your condition is
  • other medical conditions you have
  • how you react to the first dose

  Drug forms and strengths

  Generic: Spironolactone

  • Form: oral tablet
  • Strengths: 25 milligrams (mg), 50 mg, 100 mg

  Brand: Aldactone

  • Form: oral tablet
  • Strengths: 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg

  Dosage for high blood pressure (hypertension)

  Adult dosage (ages 18 to 64 years)

  The typical starting dosage is 25 mg to 100 mg taken by mouth each day. It’s given as a single dose or split into two doses.

  Child dosage (ages 0 to 17 years)

  This medication isn’t approved for use in children younger than 18 years.

  Older adult dosage (ages 65 years and older)

  There are no specific recommendations for older adult dosing. Older adults may process drugs more slowly. A usual adult dose may cause levels of this drug to be higher than typical in your body. If you’re an older adult, you may need a lower dose or a different dosage schedule.

  Dosage for swelling (edema) from nephrotic syndrome and liver disease

  Adult dosage (ages 18 to 64 years)

  The typical starting dosage is 100 mg taken by mouth each day. It’s given as a single dose or split into two doses. Some people may take as little as 25 mg per day or as much as 200 mg per day.

  Child dosage (ages 0 to 17 years)

  This medication isn’t approved for use in children younger than 18 years.

  Older adult dosage (ages 65 years and older)

  There are no specific recommendations for older adult dosing. Older adults may process drugs more slowly. A usual adult dose may cause the level of this drug to be higher than typical in your body. If you’re an older adult, you may need a lower dose or a different dosage schedule.

  Dosage for heart failure

  Adult dosage (ages 18 to 64 years)

  The typical starting dosage is 25 mg taken by mouth once per day. Your doctor may increase or decrease your dosage based on how you respond to the drug. Some people may take 50 mg once per day, and others may take 25 mg once every other day.

  Child dosage (ages 0 to 17 years)

  This medication isn’t approved for use in children younger than 18 years.

  Older adult dosage (ages 65 years and older)

  There are no specific recommendations for older adult dosing. Older adults may process drugs more slowly. A usual adult dose may cause the level of this drug to be higher than typical in your body. If you’re an older adult, you may need a lower dose or a different dosage schedule.

  Dosage for excessive aldosterone secretion

  Adult dosage (ages 18 to 64 years)

  The typical dosage is 100 mg to 400 mg daily in preparation for surgery. If you cannot have surgery, your doctor may give you the lowest effective dose of this drug long term.

  Child dosage (ages 0 to 17 years)

  This medication isn’t approved for use in children younger than 18 years.

  Older adult dosage (ages 65 years and older)

  There are no specific recommendations for older adult dosing. Older adults may process drugs more slowly. A usual adult dose may cause the level of this drug to be higher than typical in your body. If you’re an older adult, you may need a lower dose or a different dosage schedule.

  Disclaimer: Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current information. However, because drugs affect each person differently, we cannot guarantee that this list includes all possible dosages. This information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always speak with your doctor or pharmacist about dosages that are right for you.

  Spironolactone is used for long-term treatment. It comes with serious risks if you don’t take it as prescribed.

  If you do not take it at all: If you do not take this drug, your blood pressure will stay high. This can lead to a heart attack or stroke. Fluid may also build up in your body. This can cause serious worsening of kidney and liver disease.

  If you stop taking it suddenly: If you stop taking this drug, you may start retaining water. You may also have a sudden increase in your blood pressure. This can lead to a heart attack or stroke.

  If you do not take it on schedule: If you don’t take this drug on schedule, your blood pressure might not be managed. This can lead to a heart attack or stroke.

  What to do if you miss a dose: If you forget to take your dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s just a few hours before the time for your next dose, then wait and only take one dose at that time. Never try to catch up by taking two doses at once. This could cause dangerous side effects.

  If you take too much: If you take too much of this drug, you may have the following symptoms:

  • drowsiness
  • confusion
  • skin rash
  • nausea
  • vomiting
  • dizziness
  • diarrhea
  • changes in your body’s electrolytes, which can cause irregular heart rate or muscle pain and cramping

  If you think you’ve taken too much of this drug, contact your doctor right away. You can also call America’s Poison Centers at 800-222-1222 or use its online tool. If your symptoms are severe, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room right away.

  How to tell the drug is working: You may not be able to tell whether this drug is working or not. It’s important that you take your medication every day as directed by your doctor. Your doctor will monitor your condition and be able to tell if this drug is working. You may need to buy your own blood pressure monitor to check your blood pressure at home.

  Keep these considerations in mind if your doctor prescribes spironolactone for you.

  General

  • This drug can be taken with or without food.

  Storage

  • Store spironolactone at room temperature between 68°F and 77°F (20°C and 25°C).
  • Don’t freeze this drug.
  • Keep it away from light.
  • Keep it away from high temperature.
  • Don’t store this medication in moist or damp areas, such as bathrooms.

  Refills

  A prescription for this medication is refillable. You should not need a new prescription for this medication to be refilled. Your doctor will write the number of refills authorized on your prescription.

  Travel

  When traveling with your medication:

  • Always carry your medication with you. When flying, never put it into a checked bag. Keep it in your carry-on bag.
  • Don’t worry about airport X-ray machines. They can’t hurt your medication.
  • You may need to show airport staff the pharmacy label for your medication. Always carry the original prescription-labeled container with you.
  • Don’t put this medication in your car’s glove compartment or leave it in the car. Be sure to avoid doing this when the weather is very hot or very cold.

  Self-management

  You may need to check your blood pressure at home using a blood pressure monitor. You should keep a log with the date, time of day, and your blood pressure readings. Bring this diary with you to your doctor appointments.

  Clinical monitoring

  While you’re taking this drug, your doctor will check the following:

  • heart function
  • kidney function
  • liver function
  • electrolytes
  • blood pressure

  Hidden costs

  You may need to purchase a home blood pressure monitor to check your blood pressure at home. These are available for purchase at most pharmacies.

  Prior authorization

  Many insurance companies require a prior authorization for this drug. This means your doctor will need to get approval from your insurance company before your insurance company will pay for the prescription.

  Other drugs are available to treat your condition. Some may be better suited for you than others. Examples of alternatives for the conditions spironolactone treats are listed below. Not all of the alternatives available for treating the same conditions as spironolactone are included. Talk with your doctor about other options that may work for you.

  For high blood pressure

  Below are a couple of examples of alternatives to spironolactone that are used to treat high blood pressure:

  • hydrochlorothiazide
  • eplerenone (Inspra)

  For swelling from liver disease and nephrotic syndrome

  The following are some examples of medications other than spironolactone that may be used to treat swelling from liver disease and nephrotic syndrome (a kidney problem).

  • amiloride (Midamor)
  • eplerenone (Inspra)

  For heart failure

  Below are a couple of examples of alternatives to spironolactone that are used to treat heart failure:

  • torsemide (Soaanz)
  • bumetanide (Bumex)

  For excessive aldosterone secretion

  The following is an example of a medication other than spironolactone that may be used to treat hyperaldosteronism (excessive aldosterone secretion):

  • eplerenone (Inspra)

  Disclaimer: Healthline has made every effort to make certain that all information is factually correct, comprehensive, and up-to-date. However, this article should not be used as a substitute for the knowledge and expertise of a licensed healthcare professional. You should always consult your doctor or other healthcare professional before taking any medication. The drug information contained herein is subject to change and is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. The absence of warnings or other information for a given drug does not indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective, or appropriate for all patients or all specific uses.

  From what tablets, mechanism, side effects, dosage

  Publication date: 03/14/2023

  THERE ARE CONTRAINDICATIONS. POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS. A SPECIALIST’S CONSULTATION IS NECESSARY.High blood pressureFor the heart and blood vesselsEdemaPills

  Author of the article

  Ripatti Yuliya Igorevna,

  Diploma of pharmaceutical education: 105924 3510926, reg. number 32018

  All authors

  Article content

  • Spironolactone: mechanism of action
  • Spironolactone: what pills are for
  • Spironolactone: dosage
  • Spironolactone: contraindications
  • Spironolactone: side effects
  • Spironolactone or Veroshpiron: which is better
  • Spironolactone or Indapami e: which is better
  • Summary
  • Ask an expert on the topic of the article

  In 2021, the first comprehensive analysis of global trends in the prevalence of hypertension was carried out. The statistics turned out to be disappointing: over the past 30 years, the number of hypertensive patients among adults aged 30 to 79years has increased from 650 million to 1.28 million people. Nearly half of the patients examined were unaware of the disease. Arterial hypertension or high blood pressure syndrome is a pathological condition that significantly increases the risk of developing other cardiovascular diseases, as well as diseases of the brain and kidneys.

  The pharmacist will tell you about the drug Spironolactone: introduce you to its mechanism of action, indications for use, contraindications and side effects, and compare it with analogues.

  Spironolactone: mechanism of action

  Spironolactone belongs to the group of long-acting potassium-sparing diuretics. The international non-proprietary name of the medicinal product (INN) is Spironolactone, which is identical to the trade name. In addition, the substance is available as: Veroshpiron and Veroshpilakton.

  The mechanism of action of Spironolactone is associated with the suppression of the effects of aldosterone, a hormone of the adrenal cortex responsible for the retention of sodium and water ions by the kidneys, as well as the excretion of potassium and magnesium. We can say that aldosterone is one of the main regulators of the balance of minerals and water in the human body. However, with stable high blood pressure, chronic heart failure, some kidney diseases and other conditions, the activity of the hormone increases many times over. This results in:

  • Excessive accumulation of sodium and water, as a result of which the volume of circulating blood increases and the load on the heart increases;
  • Excessive excretion of potassium, which disturbs the heart rhythm and increases blood pressure.

  As an aldosterone antagonist, Spironolactone counteracts its pathological effects by increasing the excretion of water and sodium and conserving potassium. Due to the prolonged action, the drug retains its effects for 24 hours.

  All products Spironolactone

  20 reviews

  Spironolactone: from what tablets

  A common request from patients for capsules and tablets Spironolactone: from what they are taken. The drug is prescribed in the complex therapy of cardiovascular diseases and other diseases, a symptom of which is fluid retention. The indications of Spironolactone include the treatment of adults and children from 3 years of age with:

  • Arterial hypertension;
  • Chronic heart failure;
  • Cirrhosis of the liver, accompanied by edema or accumulation of fluid in the peritoneum;
  • Nephrotic syndrome with edema;
  • Increased concentration of aldosterone in Conn’s syndrome;
  • Low potassium content in the body.

  Spironolactone dosage

  Spironolactone is available as 25 mg tablets and 25, 50 and 100 mg capsules. The dosage of the drug is selected individually for each patient based on the indications, purpose of therapy and age. Doses are adjusted as treatment progresses. For example, for arterial hypertension, an average of 25 mg Spironolactone is prescribed, but if the target values ​​​​are not reached within 2-4 weeks, the dose is increased. In some cases, an assessment of the level of potassium and creatinine in the blood serum is required.

  Spironolactone: contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to drug components;
  • Hereditary galactose intolerance, lactase deficiency and glucose-galactose malabsorption;
  • Addison’s disease – decreased function of the adrenal cortex;
  • High levels of potassium and sodium in the body;
  • Renal insufficiency;
  • Chronic heart failure with decreased glomerular filtration rate of the kidneys or increased creatinine;
  • Co-administration with other potassium-sparing diuretics;
  • Pregnancy and lactation;
  • Children under 3 years of age.

  Spironolactone: side effects

  • Increased potassium concentration;
  • Cardiac arrhythmias;
  • Erectile dysfunction and decreased libido;
  • Nausea and vomiting;
  • Increased fatigue;
  • Confusion;
  • Hypersensitivity reactions;
  • Skin rash and urticaria;
  • Decreased concentration of platelets and certain other blood cells;
  • Inflammation of vessel walls;
  • Inflammation of the liver.

  Spironolactone or Veroshpiron: which is better

  We can say that Spironolactone and Veroshpiron are one and the same. Veroshpiron is a drug in the form of tablets and capsules based on Spironolactone. The difference lies in the manufacturing companies: in the case of Spironolactone, there are several of them, including domestic ones. Due to this, Spironolactone has a lower cost. Veroshpiron is produced by the Hungarian company Gedeon Richter.

  All products Veroshpiron

  20 reviews

  Spironolactone or Indapamide: which is better

  Indapamide is a diuretic with a different mechanism of action. Similar to Spironolactone, the drug is used for cardiovascular diseases, but unlike the drug in question:

  • Indapamide is indicated exclusively for arterial hypertension to further reduce pressure and reduce edema;
  • Indapamide reduces left ventricular hypertrophy caused by increased workload due to high blood pressure;
  • Indapamide has other contraindications and side effects, including not used for the treatment of children under 18 years of age.

  Spironolactone and Indapamide belong to the same group of drugs, but are used for different conditions. Spironolactone is prescribed for potassium deficiency, which increases the progression of heart disease, as well as for fluid accumulation. Indapamide, in turn, with arterial hypertension for an additional hypotensive effect and removal of edema.

  All products Indapamide

  12 reviews

  Summary

  • Spironolactone is a long-acting potassium-sparing diuretic.
  • The drug is prescribed in the complex therapy of cardiovascular diseases, edema, pathological accumulations of fluid and reduced potassium content.
  • Spironolactone is available as 25 mg tablets and 25, 50 and 100 mg capsules.
  • Spironolactone has contraindications and side effects;
  • Veroshpiron is a drug in the form of tablets and capsules based on Spironolactone.
  • Spironolactone and Indapamide belong to the same group of drugs, but are used for different conditions.

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  Spironolactone-LF (Belarus) | SOOO Lekpharm

  Spironolactone

  International non-proprietary name

  Spironolactone-LF refers to potassium-sparing diuretics, aldosterone antagonists. The drug increases the excretion of sodium and at the same time reduces the loss of potassium in the distal tubules of the kidneys. It has a gradual and long-lasting effect.

  Product category

  Medicines

  Dispensing form

  Prescription

  Field of application

  Cardi

  Dosage form

  Tablets

  Dosage and packaging

  100mg № 30 , 50mg № 30,
  25mg № 30

  Instruction sheet

  Description

  Spironolactone-LF, tablets 100 mg and 50 mg: white or almost white flat-cylindrical tablets with a bevel and a notch. Marbling may be observed.
  Spironolactone-LF, 25 mg tablets: white or almost white flat-cylindrical tablets with a chamfer. Marbling may be observed.

  Composition

  1 tablet contains:
  Active substance: spironolactone 100 mg, 50 mg or 25 mg;
  Excipients: magnesium stearate, corn starch, sodium lauryl sulfate, povidone (K 25), colloidal anhydrous silica, croscarmellose sodium, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate.

  Release form

  Tablets

  Pharmacotherapeutic group

  Potassium-sparing diuretics. Aldosterone antagonists.
  ATX code: С03DA01.

  Pharmacological action

  Spironolactone, as a competitive aldosterone antagonist, increases sodium excretion and simultaneously reduces potassium loss in the distal tubules of the kidneys. It has a gradual and long-lasting effect.

  Indications for use

  – congestive heart failure;
  – cirrhosis of the liver with ascites and edema;
  – malignant ascites;
  – nephrotic syndrome;
  – diagnosis and treatment of primary aldosteronism.
  Treatment of children should be carried out only under the supervision of a pediatric specialist.

  Contraindications

  Spironolactone is contraindicated in adults and children with the following conditions:
  – acute renal failure, severe renal dysfunction, anuria;
  – Addison’s disease;
  – hyperkalemia;
  – hypersensitivity to spironolactone or to any of the excipients;
  – concomitant use of eplerenone or other potassium-sparing diuretics.
  Spironolactone is contraindicated in children and adolescents with moderate to severe renal impairment.
  Spironolactone should not be co-administered with other potassium-sparing diuretics, and potassium supplements should not be co-administered with spironolactone due to the risk of hyperkalemia.

  Dosage and administration

  It is recommended to take Spironolactone-LF once a day with meals.

  Adults

  Congestive heart failure with edema: For the treatment of edema, the initial daily dose of spironolactone is 100 mg, administered in single or divided doses, but may vary from 25 to 200 mg per day. The maintenance dose is determined individually.

  Severe heart failure ( NYHA Class III-IV): Based on clinical trial data, it is recommended to start treatment in combination with standard therapy with spironolactone 25 mg once daily if potassium ≤5.0 mEq/L and serum creatinine ≤ 2. 5 mg/dl. With good tolerability of treatment according to clinical indications, the dose is increased to 50 mg once a day. If the drug is poorly tolerated, the dose is reduced to 25 mg every other day.

  Cirrhosis of the liver with ascites and edema: if the ratio of Na ⁺ / K ⁺ in the urine is greater than 1.0, spironolactone is prescribed in a daily dose of 100 mg per day. If the ratio is less than 1.0, then the daily doses of the drug vary from 200 to 400 mg. The dose for each patient is determined individually.

  Malignant ascites: The usual dose is 100-200 mg per day. In severe cases, the dose may be gradually increased to 400 mg per day. Based on the dynamics of the development of edematous syndrome, the maintenance dose should be determined individually.

  Nephrotic syndrome : the usual dose is 100-200 mg per day. Spironolactone has no anti-inflammatory effect and does not affect the underlying pathological process. The appointment of the drug is recommended in case of ineffectiveness of treatment with glucocorticoids.

  Diagnosis and treatment of primary aldosteronism : Spironolactone can be used as an initial diagnostic test to determine primary hyperaldosteronism in patients on a standard diet.

  Long-term test: Spironolactone is given at a daily dose of 400 mg for 3-4 weeks. When correction of hypokalemia and arterial hypertension is achieved, the presence of primary hyperaldosteronism can be assumed.

  Short test: spironolactone is prescribed at a daily dose of 400 mg for 4 days. If serum potassium levels increase during the period of spironolactone, but decrease when it is discontinued, the presumptive diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism should be considered.

  Once hyperaldosteronism has been diagnosed by definitive testing procedures, spironolactone is recommended at doses of 100 mg to 400 mg daily in preparation for surgery. If there are no indications for surgery, then the drug is used for long-term maintenance therapy at the lowest effective dose, which is set individually for each patient.

  Elderly patients

  It is recommended to start treatment with low doses and then titrate until the maximum effect is achieved. Caution should be exercised in severe hepatic and renal insufficiency, which alter the metabolism and excretion of the drug.

  Children and adolescents under 18 years of age

  The initial daily dose should be 1 mg to 3 mg of spironolactone per kilogram of body weight, divided into doses. Dosage should be adjusted based on response and tolerability.

  Children should only be treated under the supervision of a pediatric specialist.

  Missed dose

  Do not take a double dose to make up for the missed dose. If you miss one dose, take it as soon as possible. If the time for your next dose is near, take it as usual, skipping the forgotten dose. Continue to use the drug, observing the prescription of the attending physician.

  Side effects

  Gynecomastia may develop when using spironolactone. The development of gynecomastia is believed to be related to the dose and duration of therapy and is usually reversible upon discontinuation of the drug. In rare cases, some breast enlargement may persist.

  The following adverse reactions have been reported in connection with spironolactone therapy:

  General disorders and administration site disorders : malaise;

  Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (including cysts and polyps) : benign neoplasms of the breast;

  Gastrointestinal disorders : gastrointestinal disorders, nausea;

  Blood and lymphatic system disorders : leukopenia (including agranulocytosis), thrombocytopenia;

  Hepatobiliary disorders : impaired liver function;

  Metabolic and nutritional disorders : electrolyte imbalance, hyperkalemia;

  Musculoskeletal disorders : leg cramps;

  Nervous system disorders : dizziness;

  Mental disorders : changes in libido, confusion;

  Reproductive system and breast disorders : menstrual disorders, chest pain;

  Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders : Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), alopecia, hypertrichosis, pruritus, rash, urticaria, pemphigoid;

  Renal and urinary disorders : acute renal failure.

  Reporting adverse reactions

  If you experience any adverse reactions, including those not listed in this leaflet, you should consult a doctor.

  You can also report any adverse reactions to the Republican Unitary Enterprise “Center for Expertise and Testing in Health Care”, www.rceth.by. By reporting side effects, you can help provide more information about the safety of this medicine.

  Overdose

  Symptoms
  Acute overdose may present with drowsiness, confusion, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, or diarrhea. Hyponatremia or hyperkalemia may occur, but these effects are unlikely to be associated with acute overdose. Symptoms of hyperkalemia may manifest as paresthesia, weakness, flaccid paralysis, or muscle spasm. Clinically, these symptoms are difficult to distinguish from hypokalemia. Electrocardiographic changes are the earliest specific signs of potassium metabolism disorders.
  Treatment
  Symptomatic, there is no specific antidote. Improvement can be expected after discontinuation of the drug. Also, general supportive measures can be used, including changing fluids and electrolytes. In hyperkalemia, it is necessary to reduce potassium intake, prescribe potassium-removing diuretics, intravenous glucose with insulin, or oral ion exchange resins.

  Precautions

  Fluid and electrolyte balance

  Fluid and electrolyte balance should be monitored regularly, especially in the elderly and in those with significant renal and hepatic impairment.

  Hyperkalemia may occur in patients with impaired renal function or excessive potassium intake and may cause cardiac abnormalities that can be fatal. With the development of hyperkalemia, you should stop taking the drug, and, if necessary, take active measures to reduce the level of potassium in the blood serum (see section “Overdose”).

  Reversible hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, usually associated with hyperkalemia, has been reported to occur in some patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis even in the presence of normal renal function.

  Concomitant use of spironolactone with other potassium-sparing diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, angiotensin II antagonists, aldosterone blockers, heparin, low molecular weight heparin, or other drugs, or in the presence of conditions known to cause hyperkalemia ( use of potassium supplements, a diet rich in potassium, or salt substitutes containing potassium) can lead to severe hyperkalemia.

  Urea

  A reversible increase in blood urea levels has been reported in combination with spironolactone therapy, especially in the presence of impaired renal function.

  Hyperkalemia in patients with severe heart failure

  Hyperkalemia can be fatal. It is critical to control potassium levels in patients with severe heart failure receiving spironolactone. Do not use the drug in conjunction with other potassium-sparing diuretics. Patients with serum potassium levels >3.5 mEq/L should avoid the use of potassium preparations. Recommended frequency of potassium and creatinine monitoring: one week after starting the drug or increasing the dose of spironolactone, monthly for the first 3 months, then quarterly for a year, then every 6 months. If serum potassium >5 mEq/L or creatinine >4 mg/dL, spironolactone should be temporarily or completely discontinued.

  Children and adolescents under 18 years of age

  Potassium-sparing diuretics should be used with caution in hypertensive patients with mild renal impairment due to the risk of hyperkalemia (Spironolactone is contraindicated in children and adolescents with moderate or severe renal impairment).

  Pregnancy and lactation

  Pregnancy
  Spironolactone or its metabolites pass through the hematoplacental barrier. Against the background of the use of spironolactone in pregnant rats, feminization of male fetuses was observed. The use of spironolactone in pregnant women is possible only if the intended benefit outweighs the possible risks to the mother and fetus.
  Breastfeeding
  Spironolactone metabolites have been found in breast milk. If you need to use spironolactone, you should use another method of feeding the child.

  Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and other mechanisms

  It was reported that some patients experienced drowsiness and dizziness while taking the drug. Caution is advised when driving and/or operating potentially dangerous machinery.

  Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction

  Concomitant use of drugs that cause hyperkalemia with spironolactone may lead to severe hyperkalemia. In addition, concomitant use of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) with spironolactone may result in clinically significant hyperkalemia.
  Spironolactone has been reported to increase serum digoxin concentrations, increase the half-life of digoxin, and interfere with the determination of serum digoxin levels. In patients receiving digoxin and spironolactone, the response to digoxin should be monitored by methods other than serum digoxin concentrations, unless spironolactone therapy has been shown to not affect the digoxin assay being used. If the need to adjust the dose of digoxin is proven, the patient should be carefully monitored to prevent digoxin overdose or insufficient digitalization.
  Spironolactone potentiates the action of antihypertensive drugs, the dose of which, when taken simultaneously with spironolactone, may need to be reduced and adjusted in the future if necessary. Since ACE inhibitors reduce the production of aldosterone, drugs of this group should not be used in conjunction with spironolactone on an ongoing basis, especially in patients with severe renal insufficiency.
  Since carbenoxolone can cause sodium retention in the body, and, as a result, reduce the effectiveness of spironolactone, the simultaneous use of carbenoxolone with spironolactone should be avoided.
  Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin, indomethacin and mefenamic acid can reduce the natriuretic efficacy of diuretics due to inhibition of intrarenal prostaglandin synthesis and have been shown to reduce the diuretic effect of spironolactone.
  Spironolactone reduces the vascular response to norepinephrine. Caution should be exercised in the management of patients undergoing local or general anesthesia while they are being treated with spironolactone.
  In fluorimetric assays, spironolactone can interfere with the analysis of compounds with similar fluorescence parameters.
  Spironolactone enhances the metabolism of antipyrine.

  Storage conditions

  In a place protected from moisture and light at a temperature not exceeding 25 °C.
  Keep out of the reach of children.

  Shelf life

  2 years.
  Do not use after the expiry date stated on the packaging.

  Packaging

  10 tablets in a blister pack made of PVC film and aluminum foil. Three or six blister packs together with instructions for medical use in a cardboard pack.

  Dispensing conditions

  By prescription.

  Information about the manufacturer Minskaya, 2a

  Tel/Fax: +375 1774 53801
  www.