Spotting and cramps during ovulation. Ovulation Bleeding: Causes, Symptoms, and When to Seek Medical Advice

20.07.202325.06.2023 by alexxlab

What causes bleeding during ovulation. How long does ovulation bleeding typically last. When should you be concerned about ovulation bleeding. What are the signs of normal vs abnormal ovulation bleeding. How is ovulation bleeding different from menstrual bleeding.

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Understanding Ovulation and Its Role in the Menstrual Cycle

Ovulation is a crucial phase in the menstrual cycle, occurring approximately once a month for most women. During this process, an egg is released from one of the ovaries and travels down the fallopian tube, where it may be fertilized under the right conditions. In some cases, multiple eggs can be released, which explains the occurrence of fraternal twins.

The timing of ovulation depends on the length of a woman’s menstrual cycle. For a typical 28-day cycle, ovulation usually takes place around day 14, counting from the first day of the last menstrual period. This means it occurs about two weeks before the start of the next period.

Common Signs and Symptoms of Ovulation

Increase in basal body temperature
Surge in luteinizing hormone (LH) levels
Cervical mucus resembling egg whites
Change in cervical position
Breast tenderness
Mild abdominal pain (mittelschmerz)
Bloating
Increased libido

Many women rely on these signs and symptoms to predict their fertile window, either for conception purposes or to avoid pregnancy using barrier methods or abstinence.

Causes of Bleeding During Ovulation

Approximately 5% of menstruating women experience minor bleeding or spotting during ovulation. This phenomenon is primarily attributed to hormonal fluctuations that occur during this phase of the menstrual cycle.

Hormonal Changes During Ovulation

Luteinizing hormone (LH) surge 24-36 hours before ovulation
Estrogen levels rise steadily, then drop suddenly after egg release
Progesterone levels begin to increase post-ovulation

The transition from high estrogen to high progesterone levels often results in light bleeding or spotting. This ovulation-related bleeding is typically much lighter than regular menstrual bleeding.

Differentiating Ovulation Bleeding from Other Types of Bleeding

How can you distinguish ovulation bleeding from other types of vaginal bleeding? Ovulation bleeding has several characteristic features that set it apart from menstrual bleeding or other forms of irregular bleeding.

Key Characteristics of Ovulation Bleeding

Occurs mid-cycle, approximately 14 days after the start of the last period in a 28-day cycle
Much lighter than menstrual bleeding
Typically lasts only one to two days
May be mixed with cervical fluid or mucus
Usually doesn’t require the use of tampons or pads

Is ovulation bleeding a sign of pregnancy? No, bleeding during ovulation does not indicate pregnancy. However, it may signal that you are in your fertile window, which can be useful information for those trying to conceive or avoid pregnancy.

Duration and Intensity of Ovulation Bleeding

How long does ovulation bleeding typically last? Ovulation bleeding is generally short-lived, lasting only one to two days. This is in contrast to menstrual bleeding, which usually continues for five to seven days.

How much bleeding is normal during ovulation? Ovulation bleeding is typically very light, often described as spotting. You may notice just one or two drops of blood at a time. It shouldn’t be heavy enough to require the use of tampons or pads.

When to Be Concerned About Ovulation Bleeding

While light spotting during ovulation is generally considered normal for some women, there are instances when bleeding outside of your regular menstrual cycle may warrant medical attention.

Signs That Ovulation Bleeding May Be Abnormal

Heavy flow similar to menstrual bleeding
Bleeding that lasts longer than a couple of days
Accompanied by severe pain or cramping
Associated with unusual discharge or odor
Occurs frequently or irregularly throughout the cycle

When should you consult a healthcare provider about ovulation bleeding? It’s advisable to seek medical advice if you experience any of the following:

Sudden changes in your typical bleeding pattern
Bleeding that is significantly heavier or longer than usual ovulation spotting
Bleeding accompanied by severe pain, fever, or other concerning symptoms
Frequent or irregular bleeding outside of your normal menstrual cycle
Any bleeding if you’re postmenopausal

Potential Underlying Causes of Irregular Bleeding

In some cases, what may seem like ovulation bleeding could be a sign of an underlying health condition. Several factors can contribute to irregular bleeding outside of normal menstruation or ovulation spotting.

Common Causes of Irregular Bleeding

Uterine fibroids
Endometriosis
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Uterine or cervical polyps
Perimenopause or menopause
Early pregnancy complications
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
Certain medications or contraceptives
Hormonal imbalances
Thyroid disorders

If you’re experiencing persistent or concerning irregular bleeding, it’s essential to consult with a healthcare provider for proper evaluation and diagnosis.

Tracking and Monitoring Ovulation Bleeding

Keeping track of your menstrual cycle, including any instances of ovulation bleeding, can provide valuable insights into your reproductive health and help identify any potential irregularities.

Methods for Tracking Ovulation and Related Symptoms

Use a menstrual cycle tracking app
Maintain a written calendar or journal
Monitor basal body temperature
Use ovulation prediction kits
Observe changes in cervical mucus

How can tracking ovulation bleeding be beneficial? Regular monitoring can help you:

Identify patterns in your menstrual cycle
Predict your fertile window more accurately
Detect any changes or irregularities early
Provide valuable information to your healthcare provider if concerns arise

Managing Ovulation Bleeding and Associated Symptoms

While ovulation bleeding is typically light and short-lived, some women may experience discomfort or associated symptoms. Here are some strategies to manage ovulation bleeding and related discomfort:

Tips for Coping with Ovulation Bleeding and Discomfort

Use panty liners for light spotting
Apply a heating pad to alleviate mild cramps
Practice relaxation techniques to reduce stress
Stay hydrated and maintain a balanced diet
Engage in gentle exercise, such as walking or yoga
Get adequate rest and sleep
Consider over-the-counter pain relievers if necessary (consult with a healthcare provider first)

Are there any specific dietary recommendations for managing ovulation symptoms? While there’s no one-size-fits-all approach, some women find relief by:

Increasing intake of anti-inflammatory foods (e.g., leafy greens, berries, fatty fish)
Reducing consumption of caffeine and alcohol
Avoiding processed foods and excess sugar
Ensuring adequate intake of essential nutrients, particularly iron and vitamin B complex

The Role of Hormonal Contraceptives in Ovulation Bleeding

Hormonal contraceptives, such as birth control pills, patches, or intrauterine devices (IUDs), can significantly impact a woman’s menstrual cycle and ovulation patterns. Understanding how these contraceptives affect ovulation and bleeding can help women make informed decisions about their reproductive health.

Effects of Hormonal Contraceptives on Ovulation and Bleeding

Many hormonal contraceptives work by suppressing ovulation
Some may cause lighter or less frequent periods
Others might lead to irregular spotting, especially in the first few months of use
Certain types of contraceptives can eliminate periods altogether

How do hormonal contraceptives affect ovulation bleeding? Women using hormonal contraceptives may experience:

Reduced or eliminated ovulation bleeding if ovulation is suppressed
Irregular spotting or breakthrough bleeding, particularly when starting a new method
Changes in the timing and duration of menstrual-like bleeding
Altered patterns of cervical mucus production

It’s important to discuss any changes in bleeding patterns with your healthcare provider, especially if you’re using hormonal contraceptives.

Ovulation Bleeding and Fertility

For women trying to conceive, understanding the relationship between ovulation bleeding and fertility can be crucial. While ovulation bleeding itself doesn’t impact fertility, it can serve as a potential indicator of the fertile window.

Implications of Ovulation Bleeding for Conception

May signal the onset of the fertile window
Can help pinpoint optimal timing for intercourse when trying to conceive
Doesn’t guarantee ovulation has occurred or will occur
Shouldn’t be relied upon as the sole method of fertility tracking

How can women use ovulation bleeding information when trying to conceive? Consider these strategies:

Use ovulation bleeding as one of several fertility indicators
Combine with other methods like basal body temperature tracking and ovulation predictor kits
Time intercourse around the days of ovulation bleeding and the following few days
Consult with a fertility specialist if conception doesn’t occur after several months of targeted trying

Remember that not all women experience ovulation bleeding, and its absence doesn’t necessarily indicate a fertility problem.

Ovulation Bleeding in Perimenopause and Menopause

As women approach perimenopause and menopause, changes in hormone levels can lead to alterations in menstrual patterns, including ovulation bleeding. Understanding these changes can help women navigate this transitional phase more effectively.

Changes in Ovulation and Bleeding Patterns During Perimenopause

Irregular menstrual cycles become more common
Ovulation may become less predictable or cease altogether
Spotting or bleeding between periods may increase
Heavier or lighter periods than usual may occur

How does perimenopause affect ovulation bleeding? During this transitional phase:

Some women may experience more frequent ovulation bleeding
Others might notice a decrease or cessation of ovulation bleeding
Bleeding patterns can become highly irregular and unpredictable
Any postmenopausal bleeding should be evaluated by a healthcare provider

It’s important for women in perimenopause to continue monitoring their cycles and report any significant changes to their healthcare provider. This can help identify any potential underlying issues and ensure appropriate management during this transitional phase.

When to Seek Professional Medical Advice

While some variation in menstrual patterns and occasional light spotting during ovulation can be normal, certain situations warrant professional medical attention. Recognizing when to consult a healthcare provider is crucial for maintaining reproductive health and addressing any potential underlying issues promptly.

Signs That Indicate the Need for Medical Evaluation

Heavy bleeding outside of your regular menstrual period
Bleeding that lasts longer than a few days mid-cycle
Severe pain or cramping accompanying the bleeding
Unusual discharge or odor associated with bleeding
Frequent or irregular bleeding throughout the cycle
Any bleeding after menopause
Bleeding accompanied by fever, dizziness, or fatigue
Sudden changes in your typical menstrual or ovulation patterns

What can you expect during a medical evaluation for abnormal bleeding? A healthcare provider may:

Take a detailed medical history and discuss your symptoms
Perform a physical examination, including a pelvic exam
Order blood tests to check hormone levels and rule out certain conditions
Recommend imaging studies such as ultrasound or MRI
Suggest further diagnostic procedures if necessary, such as endometrial biopsy or hysteroscopy

Remember, early detection and treatment of any underlying issues can lead to better outcomes and improved overall health. Don’t hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider if you have concerns about your menstrual cycle or experience unusual bleeding patterns.

Bleeding During Ovulation | Causes And What It Might Mean

Whether you’re trying to conceive, trying not to conceive, or in the throes of menopause, bleeding outside of your normal monthly cycle can be alarming. It’s common to worry about irregular bleeding, especially when it is accompanied by other signs or symptoms of you have experienced health problems in the past. Tidewater Physicians for Women specializes in women’s reproductive health and can help you get to the bottom of it through expert, compassionate care.

What is Ovulation?

Most women have two ovaries, which contain all the eggs they will ever produce by the time they are born. During ovulation, an egg is released from an ovary and travels down a fallopian tube, where it has the opportunity to become fertilized in the right conditions. In some cases, two or more eggs are released (thus explaining fraternal twins, the result of the fertilization and implantation of two separate eggs during the same cycle).

Time of ovulation depends on the length of your cycle. Most women experience ovulation about once a month, and it typically occurs mid-cycle, or in the middle of your menstrual cycle. For example, in a 28-day cycle, ovulation occurs about 14 days after the first day of your last period and about 14 days before the first day of your next period.

Many women know when they ovulate based on the signs and symptoms they experience during this phase in their cycle. Common signs of ovulation include an increase in basal body temperature, a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, cervical mucus that looks like egg whites, a change in the position of the cervix, and a positive ovulation test (administered by your doctor or bought over the counter). Common symptoms of ovulation include breast tenderness, ovulation pain (mittelschmerz), bloating, and increased sexual desire. These signs and symptoms are so predictable for some women that they depend on them to predict ovulation and prevent conception by using a barrier method of birth control or abstinence during their fertility window.

What are the Causes of Bleeding During Ovulation?

Around 5% of all women who menstruate will notice minor bleeding or spotting during ovulation, which can be explained by hormonal changes. Luteinizing hormone (LH) levels surge 24-36 hours before ovulation. The estrogen levels in your body will rise steadily as your body prepares for ovulation and then suddenly drop once the egg has been released. After ovulation, progesterone levels begin to rise. This hormonal change – as you move from increased estrogen levels to increased progesterone levels – often causes some spotting or light bleeding that is much lighter than typical menstrual bleeding.

Does Bleeding During Ovulation Mean You’re Pregnant?

Bleeding mid-cycle or during ovulation is not an indication of pregnancy. However, it might be an indication that you are in your fertile window, so those who regularly bleed when they release an egg will often either try to conceive or avoid conception depending on their goals. It can also be a sign that something more sinister is going on, especially if accompanied by the signs and symptoms of infection like pain, odor, or abnormal discharge.

How Long Does Ovulation Bleeding Last?

While your menstrual period is likely heavier, darker in color, and longer-lasting, ovulation bleeding is much lighter and should only last for a day or two. You can tell the difference between ovulation bleeding and cycle bleeding because ovulation bleeding will be lighter, mid-cycle (about 14 days after the first day of your last period in a 28-day cycle), and possibly mixed with cervical fluid or cervical mucus.

How Much Bleeding Is Normal During Ovulation?

During ovulation, you shouldn’t notice a regular flow of blood. Ovulation spotting is usually light spotting at most: one or two drops at a time. Ovulation bleeding shouldn’t warrant tampon use.

When Should I Worry About Ovulation Bleeding?

Normal menstrual bleeding occurs at regular intervals (usually starting every four weeks or so, although every woman is different) and lasts between five and seven days. Some women also experience light spotting during ovulation, about two weeks after the first day of their last period or in the middle of their cycle for women who have a cycle that is longer or shorter than 28 days.

Sometimes, irregular bleeding is an indication of an underlying health condition and not just cycle spotting. Some of the most common causes of irregular bleeding outside of ovulation and implantation include fibroids, endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), polyps, menopause or perimenopause, pregnancy, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

It’s important to see your healthcare provider if:

you typically experience regular periods and have recently noticed that your menstrual bleeding patterns have changed
you notice bleeding that doesn’t occur during your menstrual cycle or spotting that doesn’t occur around the middle of your cycle (around 14 days after the first day of your last period)
bleeding at any time during your cycle is accompanied by the signs and symptoms of an infection or severe pelvic pain
you experience ovulation bleeding while taking hormonal birth control (or any form of birth control)

Your physician will ask questions to better understand your history, symptoms, and risk factors; conduct a physical examination; and order additional labs or diagnostic imaging tests if necessary.

How Can I Prevent Ovulation Bleeding?

Most women don’t experience ovulation bleeding. Those who do can prevent bleeding by preventing ovulation through the use of hormonal contraceptives, which control hormone levels and stop the release of an egg. Women who are trying to conceive should not take steps to prevent ovulation or any associated spotting.

Tidewater Physicians for Women can help you understand all aspects of menstruating through compassionate women’s health services. Whether you’re ready to start a family, trying to better understand your cycle, or looking for relief from the symptoms of menopause, our team is here to help. Services available at Tidewater Physicians for Women include:

Women’s Health Services, including vaccinations, health screenings, cancer screenings, sex education, menopause treatment, preconception counseling, nutrition screening, and weight control information
Gynecology Services, including birth control, adolescent gynecology, annual preventative care, diagnosis and treatment of gynecological infections and disorders, surgery, and treatment for menopause
Obstetrics Services, including comprehensive care before, during, and after pregnancy including ultrasound examinations and fertility services
Menopause, Family Planning, Ultrasound, Robotic Surgery, and more

Even women who do not have concerns about their reproductive health need regular, preventative care. Call our office today at (757) 461-3890 to schedule an appointment in the Norfolk and Virginia Beach areas.

What it is, & why it happens

Top things to know about ovulation bleeding:

Ovulation bleeding (spotting) is uncommon
Ovulation bleeding is usually a few drops of light red or pink blood
Ovulation pain is a sharp, cramp-like pain felt on either side of the lower abdomen
Consider contacting your healthcare provider for frequent or heavy mid-cycle bleeding

Bleeding between your periods may surprise you. It may feel inconvenient or cause you to worry. Most of the time, bleeding or spotting between periods is no reason for concern. For some, ovulation may be the cause of the spotting.

*If you are in the menopause life stage, and have not experienced period bleeding for over one year, new spotting or bleeding indicates a need for follow-up with a healthcare provider.

How do I know when ovulation is happening?

Ovulation is when an ovary releases an egg (1,2). The egg travels down the fallopian tube towards the uterus. It will either connect with sperm within 24 hours, or it will break down and be shed two weeks later with the period (2).

Some people feel ovulation pain or “mittelschmerz”—a sharp or cramp-like pain felt on either side of the lower abdomen that can last a few hours or days (3). It may come with a bit of blood or spotting (4).

Download Clue to track ovulation pain.

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As the menstrual cycle gets closer to ovulation, hormones typically cause cervical fluid volume to increase. You can see this fluid in your underwear or on toilet paper when you use the bathroom. It becomes more stretchy, clear, wet, and slippery—similar to a raw egg white. You might notice more of this fluid 1-2 days before ovulation when estrogen is highest (5).

Before ovulation, a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH) happens, which triggers an egg to be released from a follicle (a small sac in the ovary) (6). This LH surge happens 36-40 hours after a spike in estrogen (7). Ovulation test strips or kits can identify LH in urine (6).

Basal body temperature (BBT) is a sign that ovulation has already happened (1). BBT dips right before ovulation and rises slightly (0.5-1.0℉) after ovulation (1). Typically, 2-3 days before BBT rises is when people are most likely to conceive (1). The hormone progesterone starts to increase after ovulation; this prepares the uterus to attach to a fertilized egg (8). The rise in progesterone after ovulation causes a slight increase in BBT (8). BBT tests can also be used with ovulation prediction tests/kits (OPKs), but aren’t recommended by fertility professionals.

What causes ovulation bleeding or “spotting”?

Spotting is defined by researchers and healthcare providers as light vaginal bleeding that does not require the use of any menstrual product protection (i.e. a pad or tampon) (9). Ovulation spotting happens during ovulation, when an egg is released from an ovary. The change in hormones during ovulation can allow some of the uterine lining to shed (2). This will be very light and often goes unnoticed because it is so little. Ovulation bleeding probably occurs in 5% or fewer people (4).

Spotting can be caused by other factors too, like hormonal birth control use (the pill, IUDs, etc.), pregnancy, fibroids, polyps, infections, physical uterine changes, and bleeding conditions (10).

Mid-cycle bleeding that is not related to a reproductive condition, such as fibroids, may be caused by lower estrogen levels during the middle of the cycle (11).

What does ovulation spotting look like?

Ovulation spotting is very light and doesn’t last long. It may only be a few drops and is usually pink or light red in color. Cervical fluid is thin and slippery near ovulation. If ovulation spotting happens, it may be mixed with cervical fluid.

Bleeding

What is spotting and why does it happen?

How, when, and why does spotting happen? Is it different than light. ..

by Sarah Toler, DNP, CNM, and Eve Lepage, MSN, RN

What readers have to say:

Since we’re curious, we asked the Clue community if anyone had experienced ovulation bleeding.

“The months I have ovulation bleeding, I notice that my periods are lighter but my PMS cramps are stronger. During months when I don’t have it, my cycle is longer, my periods are heavier, and my breasts are more tender. I also tend to have more ovulation bleeding when I’m taking supplements that change my hormone levels.” – Karly
“A few months ago I experienced a small bleed during ovulation. It was so light I don’t know if I would even call it a bleed, more like spotting. Initially, I freaked out. I track my periods and my symptoms rigorously so I wasn’t sure why it was happening. When I clicked into the Clue app to log this, I checked out the information page on bleeding, and it says that spotting around ovulation is a normal phenomenon. I knew I was ovulating that day, so Clue helped me put two and two together. Ovulation bleeding has definitely made me more aware of my fertile window, as it usually only happens on the day Clue predicts I will ovulate.” – Amy

Only some people notice ovulation spotting because it is usually very light. It is just one cause of mid-cycle bleeding and is not anything to be worried about. There are other causes for bleeding between periods that may require help from a healthcare provider. If you regularly bleed between periods or experience unusually heavy bleeding between your periods, talk to your healthcare provider.

Download Clue to track your menstrual experiences and get to know your body better.

Article was originally published on Oct. 11, 2017.

how to track ovulation and understand that it has come

If a woman complains at a gynecologist’s appointment that she cannot get pregnant, one of the reasons may be the lack of ovulation. Contrary to popular belief, it does not occur every month, but is necessary for conception. Few can boast that they feel the onset of this condition, focusing on sensations, so we will highlight the signs of ovulation in a woman.

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Women Health

Pregnancy test

Causes of pain

Delayed menstruation causes

ovulation

Let’s talk about how to find out that ovulation has come, highlight the main signs and methods for determining.

Contents of the article

Do not self-medicate! In our articles, we collect the latest scientific data and the opinions of authoritative health experts. But remember: only a doctor can diagnose and prescribe treatment.

When the egg is released from the ovary into the fallopian tube after the rupture of the mature follicle, ovulation occurs. Thus, its meaning lies in the release of the egg for further fertilization and transportation through the genital tract. The ovulatory period does not have clear boundaries and a specific duration. For the most part, a woman is not able to feel the moment or day of ovulation, but certain signs and methods can indicate this.

What is ovulation and how does it happen

Each of the two ovaries contains approximately two hundred thousand immature eggs. By the time of puberty, about five hundred eggs reach full maturity. The female reproductive system goes through the same sequence of stages about once a month, which is associated with the activity of hormones. These stages are called the menstrual cycle – the time from the first day of menstruation to the first day of the next. A favorable period for the onset of pregnancy occurs in the middle of the cycle, when signs of ovulation can be distinguished.

The release of the egg from the ovary towards the sperm occurs on average on the 14th day of the cycle, but when it comes to a 28-day cycle. In women, these numbers vary, so deviations from the average are normal. The definition of ovulation is that at this time a mature egg leaves the ovary and descends through the fallopian tube into the uterus. During the day, it can be fertilized.

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In the second phase of the cycle, the “main” follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, its function is the synthesis of the hormone progesterone. The corpus luteum functions for about ten days. In parallel, the lining of the uterus grows and thickens to receive and nourish the fertilized egg if needed. If conception does not occur, the egg dies, and the uterus cleans itself from the mucous membrane – critical days come. We will tell you what signs are noticeable during ovulation, but first we will explain how the egg matures.

After the start of menstruation on the fifth or seventh day, the cell size reaches 4-5 mm.
Cover of connective tissue appears on about the eighth day, the dominant follicle is different from the rest.
In diameter, the leading follicle is 16-18 mm by the twelfth day, the rest regress at this time.
The egg matures and leaves the follicular cavity through the rupture on the fourteenth day, about 36-48 hours pass between the process of preparing for ovulation and ovulation itself, but no more.
The ovulatory cycle begins on the fourteenth or sixteenth day, when the diameter of the follicular cell (graafian vesicle) can exceed 20 mm.
If the egg is fertilized, by the fourth day the embryo will enter the uterus and implantation will occur. If not, the egg will die.

Let us remind you once again that we considered the standard option – 14 days with a 28-day cycle. As a rule, observations during one cycle do not reflect an accurate picture. And the duration of the menstrual cycle is affected by the rate of maturation of the egg in its first phase before the onset of ovulation, the first signs of which we will consider below.

Sensations during ovulation and its main signs

Some women say that their intuition, sixth sense or some personal observations tell them about the onset of the desired phase. Like, the body sends them strong signals. Medicine reacts with caution to subjective sensations, but signs and symptoms that indicate ovulation still exist.

Spasms on one side of the abdomen (on the side where the process is taking place), sometimes similar to cramps, pulling pains below, which is most likely due to tension in the organ.
Increased vaginal discharge in the middle of the menstrual cycle is also a sign of ovulation in a woman. The secret becomes more liquid and creamy, similar to raw egg white.
Often the body temperature rises by about 0.3 – 0.5 degrees, and after two or three days it returns to the previous indicator.
Increased sensitivity of the breast, including in the area of the nipples. The occurrence of this symptom is affected by hormonal fluctuations in the body.
The cervix rises and is less palpable through the vagina, becoming softer and wider. The gynecologist may notice this during the examination.
How to understand and recognize ovulation if there are signs of an emotional nature? A woman’s mood improves, she experiences increased sexual desire, her sense of smell even becomes more acute (to search for a partner). This is because the level of the hormone estrogen rises, which affects the emotional lift. From a physiological point of view, the quality of cervical mucus improves, which promotes conception.

You should not rush to the forum to read how girls find all the signs of ovulation in themselves, and then note imaginary flaws in themselves. The listed symptoms are individual, may appear separately or not at all.

How to calculate ovulation

It is believed that ovulation occurs two weeks before the next period. So that the signs of early pregnancy do not take you by surprise, it is better to know when ovulation will begin. To do this, it is enough to keep a women’s calendar. It is necessary to subtract fourteen days between ovulation and the first day of menstruation from the menstrual cycle as a whole.

If the cycle lasts 30 days, ovulation will occur approximately on the 16th day, if 33, then on the 19th. The regularity of the cycle plays a big role in this regard. When it is unstable, the calculation may be wrong. For example, if the cycle lasts from 27 to 31 days, ovulation will occur between 13 and 17 days. To make the most accurate calculations, you need to track several cycles and calculate the average duration. Subtract 14 from the last digit and get the approximate date. No matter what obvious signs of ovulation you have, it is better to do a test, an ultrasound scan, or use other methods to get a reliable result.

How to determine ovulation: working methods

Knowing when this process occurs is important in addressing two questions. If a woman plans to become pregnant, and if she uses a calendar method of contraception. It is not enough to rely solely on signs, we will tell you how else you can understand that you have started ovulation.

Folliculometry

Ultrasound diagnostic method by which the doctor observes folliculogenesis during the menstrual cycle. He sees the process of maturation of the follicle and the development of the dominant. This method is much more informative than just external signs during ovulation or subjective sensations. For example, if the size of the dominant follicle is 18 mm, this day and the next are suitable for pregnancy.

The procedure is performed either transvaginally (by inserting a transducer into the vagina) or abdominally (through the anterior abdominal wall). On the monitor, the specialist identifies signs of the onset or past ovulation:

maturing follicles
follicular rupture
accumulation of fluid behind the uterus

This method has its positive and negative sides: 9000 3

Pros: Monitoring allows you to see the fertile day and find out if artificial hormonal stimulation is needed.
Cons: For research, you need to go through several procedures, and for a more complete picture, you need to observe for several menstrual cycles. First you need to come 3-5 days from the beginning of your period, then 5-7 days after the previous ultrasound. Then the intervals of the sessions are every two days. It turns out that observations take a lot of time and you have to bear the costs.

Ovulation Tests

A test that you can do at home and buy at the pharmacy will help you catch signs of ovulation. It detects the rise in luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and is similar to a pregnancy test. They have a common mechanism of action – you need to wet the strip with urine and wait for the result.

True, the reliability of the study is noted in the morning hours after the onset of pregnancy, while the signs of ovulation are more accurately seen in the daytime. Just then, the concentration of luteinizing hormone in the urine increases. Before ovulation, the values will be maximum, and tests make it possible to fix the peak. A positive result indicates that this and the next days are the most favorable for conception.

For example, if the cycle is 30 days, then from the 13th day you need to start measuring. Even if there are signs of ovulation, but it has not come, without ovulation, the second strip will not appear. Around day 15, the test line will become as bright as the control line. This means that the ovulatory period needs to wait for the next day.

Pros: Convenience and ease of doing research at home. Observations do not take much time.
Cons: False-negative results are due to different testing times, the amount of fluid drunk, with an irregular cycle, there is a high chance of missing ovulation. In addition, sensitive tests are expensive.

Temperature measurement

If the first sign of ovulation is vaginal discharge, then the second is fever. The dynamics of its change speaks about the onset of the process. In the first days of the cycle, the basal temperature is kept at approximately the same level. The day before ovulation, it decreases by fractions of a degree, and on day X it increases above the beginning of the cycle.

It is important to remember that discharge is easy to spot, and sensations due to temperature fluctuations are less obvious signs of ovulation. They do not affect well-being. Therefore, it is necessary to take measurements with an accurate thermometer with a minimum error. The procedure is performed immediately after waking up, without getting out of bed. You can’t even run to the toilet or to another room for a thermometer. It should lie next to the evening. It is advisable to take measurements at the same time and highlight the results on the graph by connecting the points at the end into a broken line.

So, how to know that ovulation has come, what are the signs for this regarding changes in body temperature. On the first day of the cycle, it can be 36.9 degrees. A few days before ovulation – 36.2. And if she crawled up to 37 degrees, then ovulation most likely occurred. During menstruation, you do not need to use the method.

If the temperature rises after ovulation, the probability of successful conception is high, what early signs may indicate this, we wrote earlier. Note that measurements are taken rectally, since other methods give large deviations from the actual basal temperature. It is necessary to see changes in tenths of a degree, so it is possible that a woman sometimes notes a random wandering of temperature with false rises and falls.

Pros: The availability and efficiency of the method, while respecting the rules of measurement, makes it stand out from the rest.
Cons: The result is affected not only by the phase of the cycle, but also by stress, ailments, sleep disturbances, diseases, sexual contacts. Because of all these points, the temperature can rise, which complicates the search for symptoms. Reviews of experts say that the method determines the signs of ovulation, but it is considered auxiliary, not the main one.

Blood test

There is no specialized blood test to determine ovulation. But in laboratory conditions, indicators of luteinizing hormone are monitored. We will tell you what signs in this case appear so that you can catch the day of ovulation. About a day before the onset, the concentration of LH in the blood increases tenfold. Blood must be donated on days 3-8 and 19-21. At the peak of the hormone concentration, ovulation occurs. It reflects the level of the hormone in numbers with great accuracy.

Also, the analysis gives the opportunity to see the production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). It is he who stimulates the growth of follicles, and together with LH is responsible for the secretion of estrogen and ovulation in general. If its concentration reaches 40 or more mIU / ml, it is almost impossible to get pregnant. In young women, this indicator may indicate a low ovarian reserve, and in mature women, it may indicate a loss of childbearing function.

Pros: The blood sampling procedure itself takes little time, the analysis shows the onset of ovulation with great accuracy.
Cons: There is a need to regularly go to the clinic, the analysis has to be taken several times, so the method can be considered expensive.

Why pain occurs during ovulation

Pain is not a common symptom of ovulation. It is not found in all women. Drawing pains are in the lower abdomen in the center, on the right or on the left, which depends on which ovary the dominant follicle matures. An unpleasant sensation is associated with an increase in the level of biologically active substances in the body of a woman before ovulation – prostaglandins.

They dissolve the wall of the follicle so that the egg can enter the fallopian tube. This gap cannot be physically felt, but the mechanisms associated with the process sometimes lead to nausea, headaches and discomfort in the lower abdomen. It should be noted that after menstruation, signs in the form of pain really indicate impending ovulation, and not about any pathology. The first is characterized by the following indicators:

Pain occurs on the day of ovulation, sometimes it is noted the day before or a day or two after it. It should last no more than two days and pass on its own.
Sensations accompany ovulation for several cycles, for clarification it is advisable to keep a diary and describe such phenomena in it.
Approximately two weeks after the painful symptoms, another ovulation occurs.
Pain is usually mild and does not require medication.

Severe pulling pains should alert, especially if they are accompanied by fever, dizziness, vomiting. Signs of pathology – blood discharge during ovulation. If they are weak, then hormonal changes take place. There is a decrease in the amount of the hormone estrogen and a weakening of the endometrium. But if the discharge is plentiful or purulent, this is a clear reason to see a doctor. And you should not prescribe nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on your own, because on the days of the expected ovulation or shortly before them, they can reduce the chances of conception.

What happens to the egg after ovulation

When a follicle ruptures, the egg travels into the fallopian tube, where it can meet the male sex cells. If spermatozoa survive up to seven days in the uterus and fallopian tubes, the cell is given much less time – from 12 to 24 hours. Conception will occur only if the meeting of the spermatozoon with the female reproductive cell took place during the period of her vital activity.

The path to the female cell is difficult, spermatozoa do not always pass it in time. If fertilization does not occur, the next day the egg is unable to complete the task after ovulation. It turns out that if the fetal egg does not attach in the uterine cavity, it dies. But during fertilization, the egg finds a place and attaches to the hairs of the uterine wall. During this period, there may be slight pink discharge. A fertilized egg is already considered an embryo. You can confidently talk about the onset of pregnancy in 6-8 weeks.

Why ovulation does not occur and is it dangerous? If conception did not occur in a short period of cell viability, after ovulation, the first signs of pregnancy in the same cycle should not be expected. Most likely, it will not come. But it also happens that conception occurs in the second phase of the cycle.

But then ovulation is not celebrated on the 14th day, as usual, but approximately on the 18th. Then ovulation is called late.

In this situation, the risk of an unplanned pregnancy is likely, because the woman considers the days safe and does not use contraceptives. By the way, for planning pregnancy, the signs of early ovulation are also not very convenient. This cyclic pathology has a short follicular phase – less than 12 days, so the chances of conceiving a child are reduced. In this case, it has not yet fully developed and matured, and therefore is not ready for fertilization. If it happens, the risk of miscarriage is high.

Sometimes it happens that menstruation comes on time, but ovulation does not occur. Normally, a woman can observe up to three anovulatory cycles without changes in her health status. But if there are more of them, you should consult a doctor and be examined. We told how ovulation manifests itself, we list the main reasons for its absence:

stress, intense emotional and physical stress
obesity, when the body mass index exceeds 25
underweight and low fat percentage
elevated prolactin hormone levels
thyroid dysfunction
lack of estrogen, excessive production of androgens
polycystic ovary syndrome
oncology of the pituitary, ovaries and adrenal glands
automyom lunar diseases
taking antidepressants, COCs, corticosteroids, etc.

In any case, all these factors require increased attention, because they pose a danger to women’s health. You can suspect something is wrong with an irregular cycle, the absence of menstruation, with prolonged bleeding, a sharp increase in weight, hair loss. Determining ovulation is important not only for the implementation of plans to become a mother, but also for controlling body functions.

Photo: Unsplash, Pxhere

what should be, how they look, how many days last

The process of release of a mature egg from the ovary into the fallopian tube is called ovulation. This term is familiar to everyone who is preparing to become a mother. After ovulation, the egg lives, according to various sources, 24-48 hours. During this time, she retains the ability to fertilize, and the probability of conception on the day of ovulation is maximum and is estimated at about 33% (1).

Ovulation occurs around the middle of the menstrual cycle. As a rule, with a short 21-day cycle, the moment of ovulation occurs on the 8-9th day, with a long 35-day cycle – on the 21-23rd day. If the cycle is 28 days, the egg is released from the ovary on days 13-15 (2).

Useful information about ovulation discharge

The menstrual cycle can be without ovulation	If the menstrual cycle is disturbed, anovulation can occur, that is, the absence of ovulation in a woman of reproductive age. At the same time, the regulations (monthly) are present. This condition can be caused by various factors and diseases, such as polycystic ovary syndrome. Anovulation is often the cause of infertility.
Ovulation is possible several times a month	Two ovulations can occur in one menstrual cycle. This happens after hormonal stimulation of ovulation, but very rarely in the natural cycle.
The onset of ovulation can be recognized by symptoms	Often during the period of ovulation, a woman may experience unpleasant symptoms, including: unusual vaginal discharge, pain in the lower abdomen, fever, breast sensitivity. In addition, during the period of ovulation, sexual desire may increase.

Is it necessary to have discharge during ovulation

In general, vaginal discharge is normal. This biological fluid protects the genitals from infections, and also moisturizes the walls of the vagina.

– Ovulation is a natural sign of the normal functioning of the ovaries, it shows the state of readiness for conception. And the more estrogen hormone in the body, the more cervical mucus becomes, and the thinner it is. On the eve of ovulation, the discharge becomes thicker, reminiscent of the texture of egg white, for some they are viscous and transparent, for others they look like jelly. And this is the norm, says obstetrician-gynecologist, ultrasound doctor Alsu Gilyazova .

What can be the discharge during ovulation and how they look

Much depends on the individual characteristics of the body, so the discharge may differ from woman to woman – externally, in volume and in accompanying signs.

Let’s figure out what discharge during ovulation can be and what their features may indicate.

Bloody

Such discharge during ovulation is possible as a variant of the norm. This phenomenon should not be frightening if the discharge is meager, painless, spotting and does not appear longer than 2 days.

If ovulation is accompanied by prolonged and heavy bleeding, you should consult a doctor. This nature of the discharge can signal problems with the ovaries, uterus, cervix, vagina, and also indicate STDs (sexually transmitted diseases), diseases of the internal organs and the blood coagulation system.

Brown

Discharge of this color may not cause concern if it is spotting, odorless, not accompanied by any additional symptoms and does not last more than 2 days. It is necessary to undergo an examination if there is pain in the abdomen or lower back. Brown discharge can be the result of endometritis, a polyp in the uterus, polycystic ovary syndrome, and also a sign of pregnancy.

Pink

This shade of discharge during ovulation may be normal. Pink mucus is the result of a ruptured follicle that contains small blood vessels.

You need to be alert if pink discharge appears throughout the entire menstrual cycle and is accompanied by other unpleasant symptoms – this may be a sign of thrush, vaginosis, cervical erosion, endometritis.

White

This discharge may appear after ovulation. This is due to an increase in the level of the hormone progesterone. You should pay attention to the discharge of white color, if they are mushy, curdled, have an unpleasant odor, are accompanied by itching, pain and burning sensation during urination, rash. Such symptoms can warn of various bacterial and fungal infections and sexually transmitted diseases.

Abundant

During ovulation, the amount of discharge usually increases. If they are transparent, odorless, not accompanied by unpleasant symptoms, this should not be frightening. The amount of discharge decreases in the second half of the menstrual cycle.

Yellow

Discharge with this shade in the middle of the menstrual cycle can be both a norm and a pathology. In the absence of smell, itching, pain and swelling, yellowish mucus should not frighten. But if unpleasant symptoms appear, you should consult a doctor – yellow discharge in this case may indicate various diseases of the pelvic organs, bacterial infections and STIs.

Transparent

Most often, the discharge during ovulation does not have a pronounced color and is transparent. This is the norm.

Mucous

When the egg leaves the ovary, the vaginal discharge becomes copious, slimy, viscous. Usually they are transparent, sometimes with a beige tint. But there may be other variations as well.

Red

Estrogen levels drop before ovulation, sometimes this can lead to red discharge. In some cases, this is normal, but most often indicates a gynecological pathology. Be sure to consult a doctor if mucus is secreted in large quantities, accompanied by painful sensations and lasts more than two days. Red discharge can signal uterine polyps, polycystic ovary syndrome, STIs.

What discharge should be normal during ovulation

In the middle of the menstrual cycle, you can observe an increase in the volume of mucus. Allocations – plentiful, transparent, viscous, resembling outwardly raw egg white. This is a specific sign of ovulation.

What should not be discharge during ovulation

Bloody discharge in the middle of the cycle can signal problems. Such mucus in some cases may be the norm, but more often blood inclusions indicate the need for medical intervention.

— If such a situation has arisen, it is necessary to contact a gynecologist to examine the hormonal background and carry out treatment. Most often, conservative therapy is assumed, says gynecologist-endocrinologist Irma Leleko .

How long do ovulation discharges normally last? This period lasts on average 48-72 hours. In some women, specific discharge during ovulation appears only for one day, and this is also considered the norm.

Ovulation discharge from gynecologists

— Ovulation is the physiological process of release of an egg from the ovary into the abdominal cavity as a result of rupture of the dominant follicle. The natural meaning of ovulation is the release of an egg from a mature follicle for subsequent possible fertilization, explains gynecologist-endocrinologist Irma Leleko. “This is a complex biological process, regulated by various hormones, that triggers changes in the reproductive system. Under the influence of hormones, copious amounts of mucus are produced in the cervix. During this period, the state and amount of secretions from the genital tract always change.

– The norm during ovulation is the presence of transparent secretions, similar in consistency to raw egg white, but they can also be watery. This clear, trailing mucous discharge can be very profuse. In the second half of the cycle, in contrast to the situation with ovulation, these discharges become already lighter, even white, and their consistency is similar to sour cream (“whites”). And this is also natural, – adds the obstetrician-gynecologist Alsu Gilyazova. – Sometimes ovulation can be accompanied by small spotting. This is also a variant of the norm and a sign that the egg was released with a slight trauma to the ovarian tissues after the rupture of the follicle wall and the release of the egg itself. But these discharges do not last long, up to about two days.