Why does watery discharge feel like urination. What are the common causes of watery vaginal discharge. How can you differentiate between normal and abnormal discharge. When should you seek medical attention for watery discharge.

Common Causes of Watery Vaginal Discharge

Vaginal discharge is a normal bodily function that helps maintain vaginal health. However, changes in its consistency, color, or odor can sometimes be concerning. Let’s explore the common reasons why you might experience watery discharge that feels like you’ve urinated:

• Ovulation
• Hormonal imbalance
• Pregnancy
• Hormonal contraceptives
• Foreign objects
• Douching
• Menopause
• Sexual arousal

Ovulation and Hormonal Changes

During ovulation, the body experiences a surge in estrogen levels, leading to an increase in vaginal discharge. This discharge is typically clear, thin, and stretchy, resembling egg whites. Why does this happen? The body produces this type of discharge to create an optimal environment for sperm to travel and fertilize the egg.

Pregnancy and Postpartum Changes

Pregnancy often brings about changes in vaginal discharge. As the body prepares for childbirth, you may notice an increase in watery discharge. How can you differentiate between normal pregnancy discharge and amniotic fluid? Amniotic fluid is usually pale and straw-colored, while normal vaginal discharge is thin and clear.

Serious Causes of Watery Discharge and Their Symptoms

While watery discharge is often harmless, it can sometimes indicate an underlying health issue. Here are some potential serious causes and their associated symptoms:

1. Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)
2. Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)
3. Yeast Infections
4. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
5. Cervical Cancer

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)

Certain STIs can cause changes in vaginal discharge. For example, chlamydia and gonorrhea may lead to a watery, yellowish discharge accompanied by other symptoms. How can you identify if your discharge is related to an STI? Look out for additional signs such as pelvic pain, burning sensation during urination, or unusual bleeding between periods.

Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)

BV occurs when there’s an imbalance in the vaginal bacteria. It often results in a thin, grayish-white discharge with a fishy odor. Why does BV cause this type of discharge? The overgrowth of certain bacteria disrupts the natural pH balance of the vagina, leading to these characteristic symptoms.

Diagnosing the Cause of Watery Discharge

If you’re experiencing persistent or concerning watery discharge, it’s important to seek medical attention. Your healthcare provider may perform the following diagnostic tests:

• Physical examination
• Pelvic exam
• Vaginal pH test
• Microscopic examination of discharge
• Cultures for STIs or other infections

The Importance of Accurate Diagnosis

Why is proper diagnosis crucial? Accurate identification of the underlying cause ensures appropriate treatment and prevents potential complications. For instance, untreated STIs can lead to more serious health issues, including infertility or increased risk of HIV transmission.

Treatment Options for Watery Discharge

The treatment for watery discharge depends on its underlying cause. Here are some common approaches:

1. Antibiotics for bacterial infections
2. Antifungal medications for yeast infections
3. Hormonal treatments for imbalances
4. Lifestyle changes and hygiene practices
5. Removal of foreign objects (if applicable)

Antibiotics and Antifungal Medications

For bacterial infections like BV or STIs, antibiotics are typically prescribed. How do these medications work? They target and eliminate the harmful bacteria causing the infection. In the case of yeast infections, antifungal medications help restore the balance of yeast in the vagina.

Home Remedies and Prevention Strategies

While medical treatment is often necessary, there are also several home remedies and preventive measures you can take to maintain vaginal health:

• Practicing good hygiene
• Wearing breathable, cotton underwear
• Avoiding douching
• Maintaining a balanced diet
• Managing stress levels
• Using protection during sexual activity

The Role of Probiotics

Can probiotics help maintain vaginal health? Some studies suggest that probiotic supplements or foods rich in beneficial bacteria may help prevent recurrent infections by promoting a healthy balance of vaginal flora. However, more research is needed to fully understand their effectiveness.

When to Seek Medical Attention

While some changes in vaginal discharge are normal, certain symptoms warrant immediate medical attention. These include:

• Foul-smelling discharge
• Discharge accompanied by itching, burning, or redness
• Persistent watery discharge
• Discharge with an unusual color (e.g., green, yellow, or gray)
• Pelvic pain or discomfort
• Unusual bleeding between periods

The Importance of Regular Check-ups

Why are regular gynecological check-ups important? Routine examinations can help detect potential issues early, even before symptoms become noticeable. This proactive approach can lead to more effective treatment and better overall vaginal health.

Understanding Vaginal Health and Hygiene

Maintaining good vaginal health is crucial for overall well-being. Here are some key points to remember:

1. The vagina is self-cleaning
2. Douching can disrupt the natural balance
3. Certain products can irritate the vagina
4. Proper wiping technique is important
5. Regular check-ups are essential

The Vaginal Microbiome

What is the vaginal microbiome, and why is it important? The vaginal microbiome refers to the community of microorganisms that naturally inhabit the vagina. A healthy microbiome helps protect against infections and maintains the proper pH balance. Disruptions to this delicate ecosystem can lead to various issues, including abnormal discharge.

Understanding the factors that influence vaginal health can help you make informed decisions about your body. By recognizing normal changes and identifying potential red flags, you can take proactive steps to maintain optimal vaginal health and seek timely medical attention when needed.

Impact of Lifestyle Factors on Vaginal Discharge

Various lifestyle factors can influence the nature and amount of vaginal discharge. Let’s explore some of these factors:

• Diet and nutrition
• Exercise habits
• Stress levels
• Sleep patterns
• Clothing choices
• Personal hygiene practices

Diet and Vaginal Health

How does diet affect vaginal health? A balanced diet rich in probiotics, vitamins, and minerals can promote a healthy vaginal environment. For instance, foods high in sugar may increase the risk of yeast infections, while probiotic-rich foods like yogurt can help maintain a healthy balance of vaginal flora.

The Role of Stress

Can stress impact vaginal discharge? High stress levels can affect hormonal balance, potentially leading to changes in vaginal discharge. Additionally, stress can weaken the immune system, making you more susceptible to infections that may cause abnormal discharge.

Myths and Misconceptions About Vaginal Discharge

There are many myths surrounding vaginal discharge that can lead to unnecessary worry or inappropriate self-treatment. Let’s debunk some common misconceptions:

1. All discharge is a sign of infection
2. Clear discharge always indicates ovulation
3. Discharge should have no odor
4. More discharge means better vaginal health
5. Douching is necessary for cleanliness

The Truth About Vaginal Odor

Is it normal for vaginal discharge to have an odor? A mild, musky scent is typically normal and can vary throughout the menstrual cycle. However, strong, fishy, or unpleasant odors may indicate an infection and should be evaluated by a healthcare provider.

The Role of pH Balance

Why is vaginal pH balance important? The vagina naturally maintains an acidic pH, which helps prevent the overgrowth of harmful bacteria and yeast. Factors that disrupt this balance, such as douching or certain soaps, can increase the risk of infections and abnormal discharge.

By understanding the facts about vaginal discharge and debunking common myths, you can better assess your vaginal health and make informed decisions about when to seek medical attention. Remember, every body is unique, and what’s normal for one person may not be for another. If you have concerns about your vaginal discharge or overall vaginal health, don’t hesitate to consult with a healthcare professional.

Watery Discharge Feels Like I Peed Myself: Why it Happens

Vaginal discharge is normal and healthy, but changes to vaginal discharge are a common cause of concern.

Discharge is generally your body’s way of getting rid of dead cells in the vagina and preventing harmful bacteria from traveling up the uterus.

But it is important to pay attention to any changes to your discharge, including its color and smell, as these can be indicators that something is wrong.

In this article, I’ll discuss the common reasons for watery discharge, as well as more serious causes of vaginal discharge and their symptoms.

I’ll explain possible treatments and home remedies.

Finally, I’ll tell you when you should see a doctor.

Why Am I Getting Watery Discharge That Feels Like I Peed Myself?

The volume of normal vaginal discharge differs among people with vaginas.

Usually, a thin, clear, or milky discharge is seen as healthy, as long as it does not have an unpleasant smell.  

Vaginal discharge comes in different colors, odors, and textures.

The difference in vaginal discharge depends on the time in your menstrual cycle or the presence of an infection.

For example, discharge tends to be thicker around the menstrual period. 

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Causes of watery discharge

Vaginal discharge can start one year before a person with a vagina starts their period.

It will then continue throughout their reproductive years.

During these reproductive years, people with a vagina produce about 1-4 mL of discharge daily.

Watery discharge can have different causes.

• Ovulation period: This is the part of the menstrual cycle when you release an egg from your ovary. Around this period, vaginal discharge increases and becomes more noticeable. In addition, it will be thinner, clear, and stretchy due to the increase in estrogen levels in the body. This is the most fertile period for people with a vagina.

• Hormonal imbalance: Hormonal imbalance occurs when the endocrine system produces too little or too much of a particular hormone in your bloodstream. Whether caused by stress, diet, or a health issue like polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), hormonal imbalance can result in side effects like watery vaginal discharge. However, not all people with PCOS will have excess vaginal discharge.

• Pregnancy: Watery vaginal discharge during pregnancy is a normal part of the experience. As you get closer to your due date, you may notice that the discharge becomes heavier. This is a sign that your body is preparing for labor. Along with increased discharge, you may observe streaks of pink mucus, called a “show.” Watery vaginal discharge is different from your water breaking, which is your amniotic fluid leaking. Amniotic fluid is pale and straw-colored compared to the thin and clear nature of vaginal discharge.

• Hormonal contraceptives: Hormonal contraceptives are common methods of birth control. They work by increasing the estrogen and progesterone level in the bloodstream. There are different forms of hormonal contraceptives, including birth control pills, contraceptive skin patches, vaginal rings, and hormone-releasing intrauterine devices (IUDs). Whichever form you use, you might experience changes in your vaginal discharge. While some people experience less vaginal discharge, others may experience a consistent increased vaginal discharge throughout the menstrual cycle.

• Foreign object: Foreign objects such as tampons or condoms may cause abnormal discharge if left in the vagina for an extended period. See a doctor if this happens to you.

• Douching: Douching is the washing or cleaning of the inside of the vagina with a mixture of water and other substances such as vinegar, iodine, and baking soda. Douching can cause a change in the normal microflora of the vagina. The microflora is the collection of bacteria and microbes living in the vagina. Changing this microflora can lead to changes in vaginal discharge caused by a yeast infection or bacterial vaginosis (BV). If you already have an infection, douching can cause the harmful bacteria to travel further into the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, resulting in a pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).

• Menopause: Vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA), also known as vaginal atrophy, occurs in about 50% of people in the postmenopausal phase. It is associated with decreased levels of estrogen, which causes symptoms such as vaginal dryness, bleeding after sex, irritation, and soreness. It can also cause thin yellow or grey watery discharge.

• Sexual arousal: During sexual arousal and sexual activity, the Bartholin glands inside the vagina produce fluid that lubricates the vagina. You may notice increased watery discharge during arousal or sexual activity.

Serious Causes and Symptoms

Watery vaginal discharge is usually harmless, but if you notice a change in the amount or consistency of discharge, it may be caused by an infection or combination of infections.

The telltale signs are the color of the discharge and the associated symptoms.

Some of the serious causes of watery vaginal discharge include: 

• Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs): Sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, and trichomoniasis can all cause changes in your vaginal discharge. Other symptoms may include a burning sensation, itching, pain during urination, unpleasant odor, rashes or sores in the vagina, and abnormal bleeding. Untreated STDs can cause infertility problems, increase the risk of cervical cancer, and increase the chances of getting HIV if you’re exposed to it.

• Bacterial vaginosis (BV): The normal bacterial flora of the vagina, also referred to as vaginal flora, is dominated by lactobacillus species. When the vaginal flora is altered, it leads to bacterial vaginosis, where a type of bacteria called Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobic organisms dominate the vagina. Bacterial vaginosis makes you more susceptible to sexually transmitted diseases such as chlamydia, herpes simplex virus, gonorrhea, and HIV. Some common symptoms of BV include vaginal discharge with fishy odor and vaginal irritation, although some people may not experience any symptoms.

• Vaginal yeast infection: Vaginal yeast infection, also called vaginal candidiasis or yeast vaginitis, is a fungal infection caused majorly by candida albicans. This fungus is usually a part of the normal microflora of the vagina, but when it overgrows, it causes an infection. Signs and symptoms of the infection include irritation and severe itchiness of the vagina and vulva, burning sensation while urinating or during sexual intercourse, vaginal rash, pain, and soreness. It also commonly causes a thick, white and odor-free discharge with a cottage cheese appearance (or, less commonly, a watery vaginal discharge).   

If you are experiencing any of the symptoms mentioned above, reach out to your healthcare provider to figure out the next best steps in terms of testing and treatment.

Possible Treatments and Home Remedies

Watery vaginal discharge might not indicate an infection, but it can be uncomfortable wearing wet underwear all day.

Depending on the cause of the watery vaginal discharge, there are steps you can take to avoid worsening the situation and help with the discomfort:

• Wear cotton underwear
• Avoid tight-fitting pantyhose
• Change underwear 1-2 times daily
• Avoid scented tampons and pads
• Wear a panty liner
• Avoid hot tubs and baths
• Avoid vaginal douching because it alters the vaginal flora
• Avoid unnecessary use of antibiotics

These recommendations will help manage healthy watery discharge and prevent some illnesses that can cause new watery discharge.

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When to See a Medical Provider

Watery vaginal discharge is rarely harmful, but sometimes it can be a symptom of a serious infection.

You cannot correctly self-diagnose, and may need to visit a doctor for an examination. 

Before the physical examination, your doctor might ask you some questions like:

• When was your last period?
• Are you sexually active?
• Are you on any medications?
• Have you used any feminine hygiene products recently?
• Do you feel any pain in your pelvis, back, or abdomen?
• What does the discharge look and smell like?

After the questions, the doctor might take a sample of the discharge to test for infection, and recommend treatment if necessary.

How K Health Can Help

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Check your symptoms, explore conditions and treatments, and if needed, text with a healthcare provider in minutes.  

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K Health articles are all written and reviewed by MDs, PhDs, NPs, or PharmDs and are for informational purposes only. This information does not constitute and should not be relied on for professional medical advice. Always talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of any treatment.

K Health has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions,
and medical associations. We avoid using tertiary references.

• Assessment of Vaginal Discharge. (2021).
  https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/510

• Douching. (2019).
  https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/douching

• Vulvovaginal Atrophy. (2010).
  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2800285/

• Women and HIV. (2018).
  https://www.womenshealth.gov/hiv-and-aids/women-and-hiv

What Do STD Discharges Look Like? L Rapid STD Testing

Your discharge is an excellent indicator of your vaginal or penile health. If you notice any changes to your discharge’s normal consistency, smell, color, or overall appearance, this change may indicate an underlying health issue, such as an STD. 

If you’re wondering, “What does STD discharge look like?” read on to learn everything you need to know about vaginal or penile STI discharge.

What Does a Normal Vaginal Discharge Look Like?

Vaginal discharge is the fluid that leaks from the vaginal opening. This fluid helps clean the vagina, fight infections, and prevent diseases. As a result, experiencing a small amount of discharge each day is normal and no cause for concern. 

While every woman’s discharge may look slightly different, healthy vaginal discharge typically has the following characteristics:

• Color: Clear, off-white, or milky.

• Texture: Ranging from thin and sticky to thick and gooey.

• Odor: Tangy or sour.

The color and thickness of vaginal discharge often changes as a woman nears ovulation. 

However, if you notice any significant changes in the odor, color, or texture of your vaginal discharge, you may be experiencing a vaginal infection. 

What Is a Normal Male Discharge?

Male discharge is not as frequent or common as female discharge. In males, penile discharge occurs with sexual arousal and activity and is known as pre-ejaculate or ejaculate. 

Pre-ejaculate, or pre-cum, is a clear fluid resembling mucus that secretes from the tip of the penis before sex. This discharge helps lubricate the penis for sex and clears any lingering acids from urine out of the penis. 

Meanwhile, ejaculate is a white, gooey fluid that exits the penis when a man orgasms. This substance contains sperm and fluid from the Cowper’s glands, along with water, sugar, enzymes, and protein. 

Any discharge that a man experiences outside of pre-ejaculate and ejaculate is abnormal and may indicate an underlying issue. Outside of sexual activity, if you notice a discharge that is foul-smelling, discolored, or oozing, you may be exhibiting symptoms of sexually transmitted diseases. 

STD Discharges in Females and Males

Chlamydia

Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted infection that often goes undetected for long periods. 

Does chlamydia mean your partner cheated? Many people experience no symptoms when they have chlamydia. As a result, you or your partner could have contracted chlamydia before you became exclusive and not noticed any symptoms.  

Chlamydia can affect both men and women. More than 200,000 people across the U.S. experience chlamydia each year. 

What Chlamydia Discharges Look Like in Women

One of the most prevalent symptoms of chlamydia in women is unusual discharge. Women who contract this STI often experience strong-smelling yellow, milky, or white discharge.

What Chlamydia Discharges Look Like in Men

Unusual discharge may also be a symptom of chlamydia in men. Chlamydia may produce discharge from the tip of the penis or the rectum. This STI discharge may look cloudy, watery, white, yellow, or pus-like. 

Sometimes, chlamydia discharge creates a burning or itching sensation near the opening of the penis. If you notice any abnormal discharge or pain around your penis or rectum, an STD test can help you determine the source of this issue. 

Other Chlamydia Symptoms, Testing, and Treatment

Often, chlamydia does not present any symptoms, which makes this STI challenging to detect. However, a few signs that may be present in women include:

• Bleeding between periods.
• Painful urination.

Men may experience symptoms such as:

• Testicular pain.
• Pain or bleeding around the anus.

Additionally, men and women may notice the following symptoms of chlamydia:

• Eye discharge or pain.
• Pain during sex.
• Lower belly pain.

If you suspect that you may have chlamydia, the best course of action is to stop having sex and take an STD test. This test can reveal if your symptoms are from a sexually transmitted infection or another type of infection, such as a urinary tract infection (UTI). 

The most common treatment for chlamydia is a round of antibiotics. If your STD test reveals that you are positive for chlamydia, your doctor may prescribe you azithromycin or doxycycline to kill the bacteria causing this infection.  

Trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis, also known as “trich,” is a sexually transmitted infection that affects more than 3 million individuals nationwide each year. 

How can you get trichomoniasis? This infection spreads through sexual contact and resolves within days or weeks with the proper treatment. 

Trichomoniasis is the most prevalent treatable STD in the U.S. However, only about 30% of people who have trichomoniasis develop any symptoms, making it essential that individuals seek out STD testing regularly with or without symptoms. 

Trichomoniasis and Vaginal Discharges

One of the most common trichomoniasis symptoms in women is a change in vaginal discharge. Women may notice the following discharge changes after contracting trichomoniasis:

• Thin discharge.
• Increased discharge volume.
• White, greenish, or yellowish color.
• Fishy smell.

Trichomoniasis and Penile Discharges

Trichomoniasis can also lead to unusual discharge in men. Men who have contracted this STD may experience white discharge from the penis outside of sexual activity. 

Other Trichomoniasis Symptoms, Testing, and Treatment

Trichomoniasis symptoms can range from mild to severe. A few common symptoms aside from unusual discharge include:

• Itching or burning around the genitals.
• Painful urination.
• Pain during sex.

Contracting this STD can make having sex painful and can put one at a greater risk of getting other sexually transmitted diseases. For example, trichomoniasis may cause symptoms that make it easier to contract HIV. 

Without proper treatment, trichomoniasis can stay in the body for several months or years. Thankfully, however, trichomoniasis is very treatable with antibiotics. Your doctor may prescribe either metronidazole or tinidazole to kill the bacteria causing this infection. 

Individuals who have had trichomoniasis can contract it again. As a result, many people get tested a few months after finishing treatment to ensure that trichomoniasis has not returned. 

Practicing safe sex and undergoing regular STD testing are essential to preventing trichomoniasis and treating it when it does occur. 

Gonorrhea

Gonorrhea, also known as “the clap,” is an infection resulting from a sexually transmitted bacterium. This infection can affect both men and women and can spread through oral, vaginal, or anal sex.

Gonorrhea often produces symptoms in the throat, rectum, or urethra. However, many people do not experience any symptoms after contracting gonorrhea. 

Gonorrhea Discharges in Women

Gonorrhea can produce abnormal discharge in women. Women who have contracted gonorrhea may experience:

• Increased discharge volume.
• Yellowish or greenish discharge.
• Watery or creamy discharge.

If you notice any of these symptoms, be sure to undergo an STD test as soon as possible to identify the cause.  

Gonorrhea and Penile Discharges

Men sometimes experience abnormal discharge due to gonorrhea as well. This infection can produce a pus-like penile discharge that looks white, yellow, or green. 

Other Gonorrhea Symptoms, Testing, and Treatment

Gonorrhea can also produce other symptoms in the rectum, eyes, throat, and joints for both men and women. A few common symptoms of gonorrhea include:

• Painful urination.
• Pain or swelling in one testicle.
• Vaginal bleeding.
• Mushroom-like odor from the vagina.
• Abdominal pain.
• Anal itching.
• Eye pain.
• Sore throat or swollen lymph nodes.
• Swollen joints.

Women younger than 25 and men who have sex with men are more likely to contract gonorrhea than other populations. In addition, having sex with more than one partner or contracting other sexually transmitted infections can also increase one’s risk.  

A rapid STD test can help you identify if you have gonorrhea. If you do, a doctor may prescribe an injection of ceftriaxone, along with the oral medication azithromycin, to kill the bacteria and treat your symptoms.

Other Causes of Unusual Vaginal Discharges

Unusual vaginal discharges can occur due to a wide range of causes and are not always a sign of a sexually transmitted infection. A few common conditions that produce abnormal discharge include bacterial vaginosis and yeast infections. 

Bacterial Vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis is a condition that occurs when too much bacteria is present in the vagina, offsetting the normal bacterial balance. This condition often occurs in sexually active women, but it is not a sexually transmitted infection. Doctors are still discovering the exact causes of bacterial vaginosis. 

Bacterial vaginosis often produces unusual discharge in women and other symptoms around the genital area. The most common symptoms include:

• Thin white or gray discharge.
• A fish-like odor from the vagina.
• Burning, itching, or pain in the vagina.

A doctor can diagnose bacterial vaginosis by examining a sample of the vaginal fluid. While this condition sometimes goes away on its own, doctors typically prescribe antibiotics to kill the bacteria. 

Yeast Infections

Yeast infections can also create abnormal vaginal discharge. A vaginal yeast infection occurs when the fungus Candida albicans enters the vagina and disrupts the natural yeast balance within the vaginal cell layers. 

While yeast infections are not sexually transmitted diseases, the risk of developing a yeast infection increases after one’s first sexual activity. In addition, antibiotic use, pregnancy, and an impaired immune system can also cause the overgrowth of yeast that leads to a yeast infection. 

Vaginal yeast infections produce the following symptoms:

• Watery discharge.
• White, thick discharge resembling cottage cheese.
• Vaginal pain.
• Itching and swelling of the vulva.
• Vaginal rash.

To diagnose a yeast infection, your doctor may perform a pelvic exam and test a sample of your vaginal fluid. They may then prescribe an antifungal medication or oral medication, depending on the severity of your symptoms. 

Other Conditions That Cause Abnormal Discharges in Men

Men may experience abnormal discharge due to conditions other than STIs. The most common alternative causes of abnormal discharge in men are urethritis, balanitis, and urinary tract infections (UTIs). 

Urethritis

Urethritis occurs when the urethra becomes inflamed. This condition results from bacteria entering the urethra or urinary tract.

Both men and women can develop urethritis, though it is more common in women. Men who develop urethritis often experience symptoms such as:

• Urethral discharge.
• Blood in the urine or semen.
• Itching or burning while urinating.
• Itching or burning near the tip of the penis.

A physician can diagnose urethritis by examining the genitals, taking a urine sample, or swabbing the urethra. About 20% of urethritis cases result from the same bacterium that causes the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea. As a result, doctors may test for STDs while diagnosing urethritis. 

Urethritis is treatable through a variety of oral antibiotics. Most treatments kill the bacteria within seven days. 

Unfortunately, urethritis can spread to the kidneys, blood, or bladder and create more severe infections if left untreated. As a result, if you are experiencing any of the above symptoms, be sure to make an appointment with a physician right away. 

Balanitis

Balanitis refers to a swelling of the head of the penis that affects approximately one in 20 men. This condition often occurs due to bacteria, injury to the penis, or irritation to the tip of the penis. Men who are uncircumcised experience balanitis more often than those who are circumcised. 

Balanitis typically produces mild symptoms, including:

• Penile discharge.
• Pain or itching in the genital area.
• Tightened foreskin.
• Swelling of the penis tip.
• Painful urination.

To treat balanitis, physicians often prescribe a topical medication, such as medicated anti-itch cream. Over-the-counter antifungal creams may also be effective in treating this condition. 

UTIs

Another common cause of abnormal discharge in men is a UTI. A UTI occurs when bacteria enter the urethra and begin to multiply within the bladder. This infection primarily produces symptoms in the urethra, but some men also experience unusual discharge with UTIs. UTIs occur more commonly for women.

What to Do if You Have Abnormal Discharges

If you are experiencing abnormal discharge, determining the cause of the discharge will help you identify the proper treatment. We recommend starting with STD testing and then getting tested for other bacterial infections if your results are inconclusive. 

Same-day STD tests can give you fast, reliable answers about any STDs you have contracted, allowing you to begin treatment quickly. At Rapid STD Testing, we offer fast testing at screening centers throughout the U.S., enabling you to get tested today and receive your results in one to three business days. 

If you test positive for an STD, one of our doctors will call you to discuss your treatment options. We will then send any prescriptions to your preferred pharmacy and ensure that you have all the resources you need moving forward. 

If all your STD tests come back negative, we recommend scheduling an appointment with a physician to receive further testing. You may have a yeast infection or UTI that does not show up on our tests. 

Ways to Protect Yourself and Your Partner From STDs

Undergoing regular STD testing is an essential step in practicing safe sex and identifying any STDs as they occur. Whether you experience symptoms or not, you should complete an STD test:

• Every time you switch partners.
• Before having sex with a new partner.
• If you have been forced to have sexual intercourse.
• At least once per year, as long as you are sexually active.

Some STDs take several months to appear in lab results after sex with a positive partner. As a result, even if your last test came back negative, an STD may show up on a future test. 

When it comes to safe sex, many people wonder, “Can lambskin condoms protect against STDs?” Unfortunately, the pores in the lambskin membrane do not prevent bacteria from passing from partner to partner. 

While lambskin condoms do prevent pregnancy, they do not prevent STDs. Instead, we recommend using polyurethane, polyisoprene, or female condoms that do stop the spread of STDs. 

Conclusion: Get Answers Today

Now that you’re armed with knowledge, you can stop googling “What does STD discharge look like?” Instead, you can get peace of mind by taking action today.

If you are experiencing abnormal discharge, a rapid STD test can help you determine if an STD is the cause. Visit one of our Rapid STD Testing centers today to complete a full-panel STD test and get the fast and reliable answers you need.

Discharge from the ear – causes and treatment in the Kiev ENT center

Discharge from the ear has a medical name otorrhoea . This is a pathological phenomenon in which liquid masses of various nature flow out of ear canal . In this case, concomitant symptoms are often observed – ear pain, hearing loss, fever.

Page navigation:

• Varieties of discharge
  • Watery
  • Bloody
  • Purulent
• Causes of ear discharge
• What to do about ear discharge?
• What not to do
• Appearance of discharge from the auditory canal
  • In a baby
  • In a child
  • In an adult
• Peculiarities of treatment in Betterton
• Possible complications of discharge
• Prevention

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Types of discharge

Depending on the nature, discharge from the ear may be:

• Watery
• Bloody
• Purulent

It is worth noting that normally wax is constantly released from the ear. But if there is too much of it, this is also considered an alarming sign.

Watery

Clear discharge from the ear is commonly referred to as serous. They are a sure symptom of exudative otitis media, and also appear with damage to the eardrum, allergic reactions, and head injuries.

Bloody

In a person , bloody discharge from the ear is quite rare. Most often they are provoked by injuries of the ear, eardrum and head, as well as the presence of polyps and other tumors.

Purulent

In inflammatory processes purulent discharge from the ear appears quite often. As a rule, they are white in color and cloudy in texture, with an unpleasant odor. Their appearance may differ depending on the cause. With inflammation of the middle ear, they are slightly yellowish. With external otitis, especially when a boil opens, thick white discharge from ear . In cholesteatoma, they contain impurities of epithelial cells.

Causes of discharge from the ear canal

The most common causes in which otorrhea is observed are: , affecting the walls of the ear canal. Discharge from the ear with otitis media external localization can be transparent (with diffuse lesions) or oily white (with an open furuncle).

What to do about ear discharge?

Otorrhea indicates serious problems with the ears, which only a doctor can solve. Therefore, the first thing to do with ear discharge and other suspicious symptoms – contact an ENT.

Do’s and Don’ts

If you have discharge from your ear , you should never heat it. This can activate the infection and cause an increase in the inflammatory process. It is also not recommended to drip the first drops into the ears and be treated with folk remedies. So you will only aggravate the situation – the disease will progress.

The appearance of discharge from the auditory canal

The nature of the discharge largely depends on the person’s age and other individual characteristics.

In infants

Babies’ ears are not yet fully formed and are very prone to inflammation. But if you notice yellow discharge from the ear of a baby, you should not sound the alarm – most likely, it’s just sulfur. If it’s too much, see a doctor.

In a child

Usually discharge from the ear in a child indicates inflammation in the ears. Therefore, you need to contact the ENT for help as soon as possible. If you miss the moment, the disease progresses and will cause serious complications, up to deafness.

In an adult

The most common ear discharge in otitis media occurs in adult patients . They can also appear in divers who do not follow safety rules during the dive. If you notice yellowish discharge from the ear without pain – most likely, the matter is in the increased secretion of sulfur.

Peculiarities of treatment in “Betterton”

Those who have discharge from the ear, how to treat – they know in our ENT center. Our doctors help patients cope with this unpleasant symptom. The secret of this success lies in the latest diagnostic methods and an integrated approach to therapy. Doctors examine the ear using video otoscopy, which is highly accurate. This helps to understand causes of problems and choose a treatment.

Depending on what caused otorrhea, the doctor selects therapy measures. He prescribes drugs that act directly on the pathogen: antibiotics, antiviral, antifungal agents, etc. In parallel, the patient is prescribed medical procedures, physiotherapy and restorative drugs aimed at increasing immunity.

Possible complications of discharge

If a person has otitis, discharge from the ear is not the only unpleasant symptom. The disease is accompanied by pain, hearing loss, high fever. But the worst thing is that it can give serious complications. The inflammatory process gradually affects all structures of the ear, disables important elements – auditory ossicles, cochlear hair cells, etc. Because of this, irreversible hearing loss may develop.

In addition, inflammatory and purulent processes in the ears can go to the facial nerve, bone tissue and even the meninges. This, in turn, poses a threat to human life. Therefore, it is recommended to treat them on time, and even better – to prevent them.

Prevention

The main concern of people who have ear discharge is how to treat . But it is better to make sure that they do not exist at all. To do this, avoid hypothermia, drafts, head injuries. If water gets into the ear, it is advisable to remove it as soon as possible. In case of inflammatory processes of the ENT organs, you should not start them and immediately consult a doctor.

With proper treatment of ear diseases in the center “Betterton” you can completely eliminate the symptoms without the risk of recurrence. Contact us and make an appointment to find out more!

Do not try to treat yourself! Contact otolaryngologists at Betterton Hearing Centers in the capital

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Algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of allergic and vasomotor rhinitis | Lopatin A.S.

P Initis (inflammation of the nasal mucosa) is one of the most common human diseases. There are many forms of rhinitis that hardly fit into a single classification. Some forms, such as infectious, atrophic, hypertrophic rhinitis, etc., are very well-established, certain clinical concepts, and methods of their treatment easily fit into specific schemes. Methods and algorithms for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) are presented in several international documents, in particular, in the WHO program that appeared in 2001 ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma). However, for a number of objective and subjective reasons, international standards are slowly taking root in Russia, where L.B. Dainyak, who calls AR one of the forms of “vasomotor rhinitis” (VR) and distinguishes, in addition to it, also a neurovegetative form. The division of VR into allergic and neurovegetative forms is also proposed in textbooks for students of medical universities: “Otorhinolaryngology” by Yu.M. Ovchinnikova (1995) and “Pediatric otorhinolaryngology” M.R. Bogomilsky and V.R. Chistyakova (2001).

As a result of such disagreements in classifications, different terms are used to define the same conditions (“rhinopathy”, “vasomotor, allergic rhinosinusopathy”, etc. ), and in the treatment of such “rhinosinusopathy”, any methods are often used, including those whose effectiveness is highly questionable.

VR and AR show similar symptoms: difficulty in nasal breathing, watery nasal discharge, sneezing attacks and itching or burning in the nasal cavity. Both diseases can be accompanied by the development of nasal hyperreactivity, a condition characterized by an increased response of the nasal mucosa to environmental factors and the introduction of biologically active agents. However, these forms of rhinitis have significant differences in pathogenesis, respectively, there are cardinal differences in the methods of treatment.

Allergic rhinitis is a chronic disease, which is based on an inflammatory IgE-mediated reaction caused by allergens on the nasal mucosa.

Vasomotor rhinitis is a chronic disease in which dilatation of the turbinate vessels or nasal hyperreactivity develop under the influence of non-specific exogenous or endogenous factors, but not as a result of an allergic reaction.

The modern classification of AR (WHO program ARIA, 2001) proposes to allocate intermittent (manifestations of rhinitis bother the patient less than 4 days a week or less than 4 weeks a year) and persistent (presence of symptoms of the disease more than 4 days in week or more than 4 weeks per year) forms. Diagnosis of seasonal AR when the symptoms of rhinitis are caused solely by plant pollen, as well as occupational rhinitis caused by exposure to harmful factors in the workplace (for example, latex). The latest version of the international classification of AR is presented in Table 1.

The diagnostic algorithm when examining a patient with symptoms of rhinitis should be as follows (Fig. 1).

Fig. 1. Algorithm for diagnosing rhinitis

• Is this a disease or a normal variant? Some people, due to the nature of the psyche, fixing on their sensations, may aggravate such symptoms as periodic stuffing of one half of the nose or a feeling of nasal secretion running down the back wall of the nasal cavity. In these cases, a conversation with the patient, a reasoned interpretation of the data of objective studies (rhinomanometry, videoendoscopy of the nasal cavity, endoscopic photography) help to convince the patient that he does not have any serious disease.
• Are the symptoms of rhinitis caused by anatomical abnormalities? Anomalies in the structure of the nasal cavity, such as spikes and ridges on the nasal septum, pathological variations in the structure of the middle turbinates (bulla, paradoxical kink), even in the absence of pathological changes in the mucous membrane at the time of examination, can cause symptoms of rhinitis.
• If rhinitis is diagnosed, is it infectious or non-infectious? The characteristic sequence of the onset of symptoms, the combination of rhinitis with catarrhal phenomena in the pharynx, larynx and trachea, typical rhinoscopy findings and the nature of the discharge help to answer this question.
• If non-infectious: allergic or non-allergic? Manifestation of symptoms upon contact with causative allergens, pale gray color of the mucous membrane during rhinoscopy, positive results of skin tests, the presence of specific antibodies in the blood serum testify in favor of allergic genesis.
• If allergic: intermittent (seasonal), persistent or occupational? It is important to take a thorough allergy history, clarify the seasonality and the specific environment in which symptoms appear, the presence of cross-allergies, the results of skin tests with allergens.
• If non-allergic: eosinophilic or non-eosinophilic? Increased levels of eosinophils in the blood test and nasal secretion make it possible to distinguish among patients with non-allergic rhinitis a group of those whose rhinitis is caused by disorders of arachidonic acid metabolism. In these patients, rhinitis is often the first manifestation of the aspirin triad: recurrent polyposis rhinosinusitis, bronchial asthma, and manifestations of intolerance to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
• If this is a non-infectious non-allergic non-eosinophilic rhinitis, what is the cause of the vasomotor phenomena in the nasal cavity? Possible causes may be the constant use of vasoconstrictive nasal drops and antihypertensive drugs (drug rhinitis), hormonal changes in the body (puberty, pregnancy, thyroid disease), vegetative dystonia, etc. (Table 2).

This sequence of actions allows you to correctly establish the form of rhinitis and, therefore, choose the best methods of treatment.

In complex situations, differential diagnosis between VR and AR is necessary (Table 3).

The use of AR treatment algorithms is linked to its specific clinical forms and variants. In this regard, before starting treatment, it is necessary to clarify the form of the disease (mild, moderate or severe), as well as the episodic occurrence of symptoms.

• Lightweight . There are only minor clinical signs of illness that do not interfere with daytime activity and/or sleep. The patient is aware of the presence of manifestations of the disease, but, if necessary, can do without treatment.
• Medium . Symptoms of rhinitis disrupt sleep, interfere with work, study, and sports. The quality of life deteriorates significantly.
• Heavy duty . The symptoms are so severe that the patient cannot work, study, play sports or leisure activities during the day and sleep at night unless treated.

Treatment

There are three main methods of conservative treatment of AR: elimination of allergens, drug therapy and specific immunotherapy (Table 4).

Allergen Elimination

The first step in a patient with AR symptoms is to identify the causative allergens and prevent or reduce further exposure to them (Table 5). In most cases, complete elimination of exposure to allergens is not possible for many practical or economic reasons.

The first step in a patient with AR symptoms is to identify the causative allergens and prevent or reduce further exposure to them (Table 5). In most cases, complete elimination of exposure to allergens is not possible for many practical or economic reasons.

Medical treatment

Antihistamines. Most of the clinical manifestations of AR are stopped by taking antagonists of H ₁ -histamine receptors. These drugs (desloratadine, acrivastin, cetirizine, ebastine, loratadine, fexofenadine), having a slight sedative effect, have a powerful effect on the symptoms of rhinitis (sneezing, burning in the nasal cavity, rhinorrhea). Their relative disadvantage was considered to be low efficiency in relation to nasal congestion, but, for example, desloratadine is able to effectively restore nasal breathing. Placebo-controlled studies have shown that desloratadine, unlike other antihistamines, not only reduces sneezing, itching, rhinorrhea, but also has a permanent decongestant effect. This effect appears within minutes or hours after the first dose and lasts up to 4 weeks. The drug is well tolerated, does not cause drowsiness and cardiovascular disorders characteristic of most other antihistamines.

. Most of the clinical manifestations of AR are stopped by taking H-histamine receptor antagonists. These drugs (desloratadine, acrivastin, cetirizine, ebastine, loratadine, fexofenadine), having a slight sedative effect, have a powerful effect on the symptoms of rhinitis (sneezing, burning in the nasal cavity, rhinorrhea). Their relative disadvantage was considered to be low efficiency in relation to nasal congestion, but, for example, desloratadine is able to effectively restore nasal breathing. Placebo-controlled studies have shown that desloratadine, unlike other antihistamines, not only reduces sneezing, itching, rhinorrhea, but also has a permanent decongestant effect. This effect appears within minutes or hours after the first dose and lasts up to 4 weeks. The drug is well tolerated, does not cause drowsiness and cardiovascular disorders characteristic of most other antihistamines.

Combinations containing antihistamines and oral decongestants (pseudoephedrine, phenylpropanolamine, phenylephrine) are more effective than H ₁ blockers themselves. However, oral decongestants can cause insomnia, nervousness, tachycardia, and increased blood pressure, especially in children and the elderly.

Topical antihistamines (azelastine and levocabastine) are characterized by a rapid onset of action. They reduce rhinorrhea and sneezing, act on ocular symptoms, and can be used in mild to moderate forms of AR.

Topical corticosteroids . There are three intranasal corticosteroid preparations on the Russian market: beclomethasone dipropionate, fluticasone propionate and mometasone furoate. Regular use of these drugs relieves all symptoms of AR. Topical corticosteroids are characterized by a relatively slow onset of action – 12 hours for mometasone, several days for fluticasone and beclomethasone. These drugs, due to their pharmacokinetics, can be used for a long time with a very low risk of systemic effects.

Systemic corticosteroids relieve all symptoms of rhinitis and even restore the sense of smell, but due to their many side effects, they are extremely rarely used in the treatment of AR, being considered a drug of last resort.

Cromones are represented by the disodium salt of cromoglycic acid and nedocromil sodium. The effectiveness of cromones in AR is rather low, and the dosing regimen (4–6 times a day) is also inconvenient. On the other hand, they are safe and devoid of side effects.

Topical decongestants (oxymetazoline, xylometazoline, naphazoline, etc.) restore nasal breathing, but this limits their effect on the manifestations of AR. Vasoconstrictor drugs can only be used in short courses, their long-term (over 10 days) use can lead to the development of “rebound syndrome” and drug-induced VR.

Oral decongestants (phenylephrine, phenylpropanolamine, and especially pseudoephedrine) have a lesser effect on nasal congestion, but do not cause “rebound” vasodilation. Short-term courses of treatment with systemic decongestants do not lead to functional and morphological changes in the mucosa.

The anticholinergic drug ipratropium bromide reduces the amount of nasal discharge in AR and VR, but an intranasal form of this drug is not available in Russia.

The effectiveness of antileukotriene drugs (zileuton, montelukast, zafirlukast) in AR has not yet been sufficiently studied.

Specific immunotherapy (SIT)

The introduction of purified and standardized extracts, strict adherence to indications, contraindications and rules is an indispensable condition for SIT. The course of SIT usually consists of an accumulation phase, when increasing doses of allergens are administered, and a maintenance dose phase, when extracts are administered at intervals of 1–2 months. An adequate course of SIT (3-4 years) can lead to a significant prolongation of the remission of the disease.

Algorithms for the treatment of allergic rhinitis

The role and place of various treatments for AR is determined by:

• the effectiveness of their impact on individual symptoms and on the development of the disease as a whole;
• risk of side effects and complications;
• cost of treatment courses.

From this point of view, oral antihistamines and topical corticosteroids become the main methods of medical treatment. Second generation antihistamines may be considered first choice for mild to moderate AR. .

Topical corticosteroids are the most effective drugs in the treatment of patients with moderate to severe AR with persistent symptoms, especially when nasal obstruction is the main symptom. Systemic corticosteroids are indicated only in those rare cases when severe symptoms of the disease cannot be stopped by drugs of the first and second choice (in particular, in patients with severe forms of persistent rhinitis, combined with polyposis of the nose and paranasal sinuses).

Short (up to 10 days) courses of topical decongestants may be used to relieve severe nasal congestion and facilitate delivery of other topical drugs (corticosteroids). Decongestants should be used with caution in children because the interval between therapeutic and toxic doses is very small.

Allergen elimination is a prerequisite for all forms of allergy, but it should not be considered the cheapest treatment for AR, since in many situations effective allergen elimination is associated with significant financial costs for the patient.

SIT is considered to be an effective treatment that reduces the patient’s sensitivity to the allergen. SIT in combination with drug therapy can be used already at the early stages of AR development. SIT should not be considered as a method that can be used only in the absence of the effect of pharmacotherapy. The latter is an indicator of the worsening of the course of AR, the addition of a secondary pathology, i.e. conditions that reduce the effectiveness of SIT and in some cases even become a contraindication for its implementation.

As mentioned above, the treatment of rhinitis should be phased and based on the systematic appearance of symptoms and the severity of the disease. In the event that the patient has a sensitization to individual allergens proven by the results of skin tests, but the manifestations of allergies do not bother them in any way, no therapeutic measures are required.

For mild seasonal (intermittent) rhinitis , repeated courses of oral antihistamines may be sufficient. Another treatment option is topical antihistamines (Figure 2).

Fig. 2. Intermittent (seasonal) allergic rhinitis

In moderate to severe forms , treatment should also be started with systemic antihistamines. With their insufficient effect, they switch to therapy with topical corticosteroids or a combination of antihistamines and corticosteroids (Fig. 2).

For mild clinical course of persistent rhinitis Oral or topical antihistamines or topical corticosteroids are also treatment options (Fig. 3). For moderate to severe forms topical corticosteroids are the first choice. With their insufficient effectiveness and severe difficulty in nasal breathing, the following options are considered:

3. Persistent allergic rhinitis

• clarification of the diagnosis and reasons that make standard treatments ineffective (presence of anatomical abnormalities, concomitant sinusitis, incorrect dosing of the drug by a doctor or patient, insufficient elimination of allergens)
• 2nd generation combination of topical corticosteroids and antihistamines
• doubling the dose of topical corticosteroids (from 300 to 600 mcg for beclomethasone and from 200 to 400 mcg for fluticasone and mometasone)
• short course systemic corticosteroid therapy
• operation on the inferior turbinates.

Treatment algorithm for vasomotor rhinitis

Therapeutic measures should begin with the identification of possible causes leading to the formation of nasal hyperreactivity, and the treatment of the underlying disease, for example, correction of thyroid function, treatment of neurocirculatory dystonia (Fig. 4). The patient should be advised to avoid exposure to trigger factors (drafts, tobacco smoke, pungent odors, etc.), to apply hardening schemes. One of the most common causes that leads to disorders of vasomotor innervation is anomalies in the structure of the nasal septum – ridges and spikes that come into contact with the lateral wall of the nasal cavity and are a source of pathological reflex effects. In this case, the only effective method of treatment will be surgical intervention on the nasal septum.

Fig. 4. Vasomotor rhinitis

Medical treatment of VR can begin with topical corticosteroids and antihistamines (desloratadine), although they should not be expected to have the same effect as in AR.