What are the causes of stomach pain, diarrhea, nausea, and fatigue? Discover the 11 common causes, treatments, and complications in this comprehensive article.

Exploring the Common Causes of Stomach Discomfort, Diarrhea, Nausea, and Fatigue

Stomach pain, diarrhea, nausea, and fatigue often occur together, and they can be caused by a variety of illnesses. While some of these conditions are relatively harmless, others may require prompt treatment. In this article, we will delve into 11 common causes of vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain, as well as the associated treatments and potential complications.

Viral Gastroenteritis: The “Stomach Flu”

Gastroenteritis, also known as the “stomach flu,” is a highly prevalent intestinal infection. It is typically caused by a virus, bacteria, or parasite, and the symptoms can include stomach pain or cramping, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, a low-grade fever, a headache, and fatigue. Viral gastroenteritis is the second most common illness in the United States and often stems from consuming contaminated food or water.

Bacterial Gastroenteritis: Foodborne Illnesses

Bacterial gastroenteritis can be caused by a variety of bacteria, including Salmonella, Shigella, Escherichia coli (E. coli), Clostridioides difficile, and Campylobacter. These bacterial infections can lead to symptoms such as stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Diverticulitis: Inflamed Colon Pouches

Diverticulosis is a condition where pouches form in the wall of the colon. When these pouches become infected and inflamed, it is known as diverticulitis. Diverticulitis typically causes pain in the lower left part of the abdomen, as well as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and other symptoms.

Celiac Disease: Gluten-Induced Autoimmune Disorder

Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the ingestion of gluten triggers the immune system to attack the cells of the small intestine. Symptoms of celiac disease may include stomach cramps, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, bloating, malnutrition, weight loss, headaches, weakness, fatigue, and joint pain.

COVID-19: The Viral Respiratory Illness

COVID-19, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, is primarily a respiratory illness, but it can also cause a wide range of symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Symptoms may appear 2-14 days after exposure to the virus.

Medication Side Effects: Unwanted Reactions

Certain medications can cause side effects, including an upset stomach, dry mouth, drowsiness, insomnia, diarrhea, and vomiting. It’s important to discuss any adverse reactions with your healthcare provider.

Endometriosis: Uterine Lining Growth Outside the Uterus

Endometriosis is a condition where cells similar to those of the uterine lining grow elsewhere in the body, causing a variety of symptoms, including stomach cramps, lower back and pelvic pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and fatigue.

Bowel Obstruction: Blockage in the Intestines

A bowel obstruction involves the partial or full blockage of the small or large intestine, leading to symptoms such as stomach cramping, an inability to pass gas, appetite loss, nausea, vomiting, and severe constipation or diarrhea.

Pancreatitis: Acute Inflammation of the Pancreas

Pancreatitis is the medical term for acute inflammation of the pancreas, usually characterized by a sudden onset of severe stomach pain that radiates to the back. Additional symptoms may include a loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, sweating, and jaundice.

Appendicitis: Infection and Inflammation of the Appendix

Appendicitis is the infection and inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch of tissue in the colon. In addition to diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting, symptoms of appendicitis may include loss of appetite, abdominal pain, fatigue, and frequent urination. Approximately 40% of cases also involve a fever.

Iron Poisoning: Excessive Iron Buildup in the Body

Iron poisoning occurs when too much iron accumulates in the body, often due to taking too many iron supplements. Symptoms of iron poisoning may include abdominal pain, irritability, drowsiness, diarrhea, vomiting (sometimes with blood), rapid breathing, seizures, and a loss of consciousness.

Anaphylaxis: Severe Allergic Reaction

Anaphylaxis is a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can be triggered by medications, foods, or other allergens. Symptoms may include a skin rash or hives, diarrhea, an itchy throat, stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, and difficulty breathing.

In conclusion, the causes of stomach pain, diarrhea, nausea, and fatigue can vary greatly, from relatively harmless viral or bacterial infections to more serious conditions like celiac disease, pancreatitis, and anaphylaxis. It’s important to seek medical attention, especially if the symptoms persist or worsen. By understanding the potential causes and seeking appropriate treatment, individuals can address these common health issues effectively.

Causes of stomach pain, diarrhea, and nausea

Vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, and stomach pain commonly occur together and may be caused by many illnesses. Some are relatively harmless, while others require prompt treatment.

Below, the article explains 11 causes of vomiting and diarrhea with stomach pain. It also lists the treatments and complications that may occur.

Gastroenteritis, also known as stomach flu, is a very common intestinal infection. It typically occurs due to a virus, bacteria, or parasite.

The symptoms can include:

• stomach pain or cramping
• nausea
• vomiting
• diarrhea
• a low-grade fever
• a headache
• fatigue

Viral gastroenteritis is the second most common illness in the United States and often stems from consuming food or water containing viral particles. The most common causes are norovirus and rotavirus.

Bacteria that can cause bacterial gastroenteritis include:

• salmonella
• shigella
• escherichia coli (E-coli)
• clostridioides difficile
• campylobacter

Learn more about food poisoning and gastroenteritis.

Diverticulosis involves pouches forming in the wall of the colon. Diverticulitis is the medical name for the infection and inflammation of these pouches.

Diverticulitis typically causes pain in the lower left part of the abdomen. Other symptoms may include:

• nausea
• vomiting
• diarrhea
• bloody bowel movements
• frequent or painful urination
• a fever

The likelihood of developing diverticulosis increases with age. Researchers currently believe that the main cause is having a diet with low amounts of fiber.

Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the ingestion of gluten causes the immune system to attack its own cells. This can cause permanent damage to the small intestine.

Symptoms of celiac disease may include:

• stomach cramps
• diarrhea
• nausea
• vomiting
• bloating
• malnutrition
• weight loss
• headaches
• weakness
• fatigue
• joint pain
• bruising easily

The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases estimates (NIDDK) that about 2 million people in the U. S. have celiac disease, though many may be unaware of it.

COVID-19 is an illness that predominately affects the respiratory system. The cause is the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2.

People with COVID-19 may experience a wide range of symptoms, including:

• a cough
• shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
• new loss of taste or smell
• congestion or a runny nose
• a sore throat
• a headache
• a fever
• chills
• fatigue
• nausea
• vomiting
• diarrhea
• muscle or body aches

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), symptoms may appear 2–14 days after exposure to the virus.

For more advice on COVID-19 prevention and treatment, visit our coronavirus hub.

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Side effects or adverse events are unwanted reactions to a medication.

Some common side effects include:

• an upset stomach
• dry mouth
• drowsiness
• insomnia
• diarrhea
• vomiting

Endometriosis involves cells similar to those of the uterine lining growing elsewhere in the body.

Symptoms of endometriosis may include:

• stomach cramps
• lower back and pelvic pain
• heavy periods
• nausea
• vomiting
• diarrhea
• constipation
• blood in urine or stools
• bloating
• fatigue
• pain during intercourse
• spotting between periods

A bowel obstruction involves the partial or full blockage of the small or large intestine. The blocked part swells with food, fluids, and gas, triggering symptoms such as:

• stomach cramping
• stomach pain
• an inability to pass gas
• abdominal swelling
• appetite loss
• nausea
• vomiting
• severe constipation or diarrhea

Learn about the many causes of bowel obstruction.

Pancreatitis is the medical term for acute inflammation of the pancreas. The condition usually begins with a sudden onset of severe stomach pain that radiates to the back.

The pain usually worsens when the person:

• takes deep breaths
• coughs
• moves around

Additional symptoms may include:

• a loss of appetite
• nausea
• vomiting
• diarrhea
• a fever
• sweating
• jaundice, which is the yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes

Appendicitis is infection and inflammation of the appendix.

The appendix is a small pouch of tissue that sits inside the colon. It is located in the lower right section of the abdomen.

In addition to diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting, symptoms of appendicitis may include:

• loss of appetite
• abdominal pain
• fatigue
• frequent urination

In about 40% of cases, a person will also experience a fever.

Iron poisoning occurs when too much iron builds up in the body. This may result from the person taking too many supplements that contain iron.

Symptoms of iron poisoning may include:

• abdominal pain
• irritability
• drowsiness
• diarrhea
• vomiting, sometimes with blood
• rapid breathing
• seizures
• a loss of consciousness

Anaphylaxis is the medical term for a severe allergic reaction. The trigger may be a medication or food, for example.

Anaphylaxis happens quickly and can be fatal. Symptoms may include:

• a skin rash or hives
• diarrhea
• an itchy throat
• stomach pain
• nausea
• vomiting
• difficulty swallowing
• shortness of breath
• chest pain
• dizziness
• fainting
• a loss of consciousness

Persistent diarrhea and vomiting can lead to complications, such as dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.

The complications depend on the cause of the vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain.

For example, certain digestive conditions can cause intestinal malabsorption, which prevents the person from getting enough nutrients from food. This can lead to nutritional deficiencies and weight loss.

Untreated pancreatitis, appendicitis, and bowel obstructions can cause serious and potentially life threatening complications such as sepsis, an infection that spreads to the bloodstream and attacks other organs.

The right treatment for vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain depends on the cause of these symptoms.

Many cases of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are nothing to be alarmed by and resolve in a few days. In the meantime, it is important to get plenty of rest and drink plenty of fluids to prevent and treat dehydration.

If symptoms are severe or persistent, dietary changes, adjustments to current medications, or medical treatments may be necessary. These treatments may include:

• medications for intestinal infections
• pain relief medications
• intravenous, or IV, fluids
• hospitalization or surgery for serious illnesses, such as appendicitis or bowel obstructions

Anyone who experiences sudden, severe stomach pain with or without vomiting and diarrhea may want to seek emergency care. In particular, the following groups may be more at risk for serious complications:

• children
• pregnant people
• older adults

In addition, anyone who experiences vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain, plus one or more of the following symptoms should receive professional care as soon as possible:

• vomiting that is that lasts more than 24 hours
• dehydration symptoms or inability to take in fluids
• bloody vomit
• diarrhea that lasts for more than 2 days
• stomach pain that awakens the person from sleep
• any symptoms that began after an injury or surgery to the stomach
• sudden swelling or bruising of the belly
• symptoms of dehydration, such as dizziness, dry mouth, and lethargy
• jaundice
• pain in the chest, arm, neck, or jaw
• difficulty breathing or swallowing

The following are answers to additional questions about diarrhea and stomach pain.

When should I go to the ER for stomach pain and diarrhea?

Diarrhea can be a symptom of gastritis. However, it does not immediately indicate you need emergency help as long as you are able to stay hydrated. You should see a doctor immediately or go to the hospital if you have had gastritis symptoms for longer than a week, are vomiting blood or black sputum, have blood in your stool, have pain that is getting worse, or you develop a fever.

Are diarrhea and stomach cramps symptoms of Covid 19?

While not common symptoms of Covid-19, digestive symptoms can occur with an infection of the virus. They are usually associated with a less severe form of illness but can also occur with a more severe illness. Covid-19 can be detected in stool.

Why do I have a sudden stomach ache and diarrhea?

Abdominal pain and diarrhea can have many causes. They include infection, food poisoning, overeating, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and more.

Vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain are a common symptom combination. They often result from gastroenteritis and tend to go away in a few days without the need for professional care.

However, see a doctor if symptoms are severe, persistent, or accompanied by other worrying symptoms. They can stem from more serious issues that require prompt treatment.

Most causes of vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain are treatable as long as a doctor diagnoses and treat them in time.

Causes of stomach pain, diarrhea, and nausea

Vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, and stomach pain commonly occur together and may be caused by many illnesses. Some are relatively harmless, while others require prompt treatment.

Below, the article explains 11 causes of vomiting and diarrhea with stomach pain. It also lists the treatments and complications that may occur.

Gastroenteritis, also known as stomach flu, is a very common intestinal infection. It typically occurs due to a virus, bacteria, or parasite.

The symptoms can include:

• stomach pain or cramping
• nausea
• vomiting
• diarrhea
• a low-grade fever
• a headache
• fatigue

Viral gastroenteritis is the second most common illness in the United States and often stems from consuming food or water containing viral particles. The most common causes are norovirus and rotavirus.

Bacteria that can cause bacterial gastroenteritis include:

• salmonella
• shigella
• escherichia coli (E-coli)
• clostridioides difficile
• campylobacter

Learn more about food poisoning and gastroenteritis.

Diverticulosis involves pouches forming in the wall of the colon. Diverticulitis is the medical name for the infection and inflammation of these pouches.

Diverticulitis typically causes pain in the lower left part of the abdomen. Other symptoms may include:

• nausea
• vomiting
• diarrhea
• bloody bowel movements
• frequent or painful urination
• a fever

The likelihood of developing diverticulosis increases with age. Researchers currently believe that the main cause is having a diet with low amounts of fiber.

Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the ingestion of gluten causes the immune system to attack its own cells. This can cause permanent damage to the small intestine.

Symptoms of celiac disease may include:

• stomach cramps
• diarrhea
• nausea
• vomiting
• bloating
• malnutrition
• weight loss
• headaches
• weakness
• fatigue
• joint pain
• bruising easily

The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases estimates (NIDDK) that about 2 million people in the U.S. have celiac disease, though many may be unaware of it.

COVID-19 is an illness that predominately affects the respiratory system. The cause is the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2.

People with COVID-19 may experience a wide range of symptoms, including:

• a cough
• shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
• new loss of taste or smell
• congestion or a runny nose
• a sore throat
• a headache
• a fever
• chills
• fatigue
• nausea
• vomiting
• diarrhea
• muscle or body aches

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), symptoms may appear 2–14 days after exposure to the virus.

For more advice on COVID-19 prevention and treatment, visit our coronavirus hub.

Was this helpful?

Side effects or adverse events are unwanted reactions to a medication.

Some common side effects include:

• an upset stomach
• dry mouth
• drowsiness
• insomnia
• diarrhea
• vomiting

Endometriosis involves cells similar to those of the uterine lining growing elsewhere in the body.

Symptoms of endometriosis may include:

• stomach cramps
• lower back and pelvic pain
• heavy periods
• nausea
• vomiting
• diarrhea
• constipation
• blood in urine or stools
• bloating
• fatigue
• pain during intercourse
• spotting between periods

A bowel obstruction involves the partial or full blockage of the small or large intestine. The blocked part swells with food, fluids, and gas, triggering symptoms such as:

• stomach cramping
• stomach pain
• an inability to pass gas
• abdominal swelling
• appetite loss
• nausea
• vomiting
• severe constipation or diarrhea

Learn about the many causes of bowel obstruction.

Pancreatitis is the medical term for acute inflammation of the pancreas. The condition usually begins with a sudden onset of severe stomach pain that radiates to the back.

The pain usually worsens when the person:

• takes deep breaths
• coughs
• moves around

Additional symptoms may include:

• a loss of appetite
• nausea
• vomiting
• diarrhea
• a fever
• sweating
• jaundice, which is the yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes

Appendicitis is infection and inflammation of the appendix.

The appendix is a small pouch of tissue that sits inside the colon. It is located in the lower right section of the abdomen.

In addition to diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting, symptoms of appendicitis may include:

• loss of appetite
• abdominal pain
• fatigue
• frequent urination

In about 40% of cases, a person will also experience a fever.

Iron poisoning occurs when too much iron builds up in the body. This may result from the person taking too many supplements that contain iron.

Symptoms of iron poisoning may include:

• abdominal pain
• irritability
• drowsiness
• diarrhea
• vomiting, sometimes with blood
• rapid breathing
• seizures
• a loss of consciousness

Anaphylaxis is the medical term for a severe allergic reaction. The trigger may be a medication or food, for example.

Anaphylaxis happens quickly and can be fatal. Symptoms may include:

• a skin rash or hives
• diarrhea
• an itchy throat
• stomach pain
• nausea
• vomiting
• difficulty swallowing
• shortness of breath
• chest pain
• dizziness
• fainting
• a loss of consciousness

Persistent diarrhea and vomiting can lead to complications, such as dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.

The complications depend on the cause of the vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain.

For example, certain digestive conditions can cause intestinal malabsorption, which prevents the person from getting enough nutrients from food. This can lead to nutritional deficiencies and weight loss.

Untreated pancreatitis, appendicitis, and bowel obstructions can cause serious and potentially life threatening complications such as sepsis, an infection that spreads to the bloodstream and attacks other organs.

The right treatment for vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain depends on the cause of these symptoms.

Many cases of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are nothing to be alarmed by and resolve in a few days. In the meantime, it is important to get plenty of rest and drink plenty of fluids to prevent and treat dehydration.

If symptoms are severe or persistent, dietary changes, adjustments to current medications, or medical treatments may be necessary. These treatments may include:

• medications for intestinal infections
• pain relief medications
• intravenous, or IV, fluids
• hospitalization or surgery for serious illnesses, such as appendicitis or bowel obstructions

Anyone who experiences sudden, severe stomach pain with or without vomiting and diarrhea may want to seek emergency care. In particular, the following groups may be more at risk for serious complications:

• children
• pregnant people
• older adults

In addition, anyone who experiences vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain, plus one or more of the following symptoms should receive professional care as soon as possible:

• vomiting that is that lasts more than 24 hours
• dehydration symptoms or inability to take in fluids
• bloody vomit
• diarrhea that lasts for more than 2 days
• stomach pain that awakens the person from sleep
• any symptoms that began after an injury or surgery to the stomach
• sudden swelling or bruising of the belly
• symptoms of dehydration, such as dizziness, dry mouth, and lethargy
• jaundice
• pain in the chest, arm, neck, or jaw
• difficulty breathing or swallowing

The following are answers to additional questions about diarrhea and stomach pain.

When should I go to the ER for stomach pain and diarrhea?

Diarrhea can be a symptom of gastritis. However, it does not immediately indicate you need emergency help as long as you are able to stay hydrated. You should see a doctor immediately or go to the hospital if you have had gastritis symptoms for longer than a week, are vomiting blood or black sputum, have blood in your stool, have pain that is getting worse, or you develop a fever.

Are diarrhea and stomach cramps symptoms of Covid 19?

While not common symptoms of Covid-19, digestive symptoms can occur with an infection of the virus. They are usually associated with a less severe form of illness but can also occur with a more severe illness. Covid-19 can be detected in stool.

Why do I have a sudden stomach ache and diarrhea?

Abdominal pain and diarrhea can have many causes. They include infection, food poisoning, overeating, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and more.

Vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain are a common symptom combination. They often result from gastroenteritis and tend to go away in a few days without the need for professional care.

However, see a doctor if symptoms are severe, persistent, or accompanied by other worrying symptoms. They can stem from more serious issues that require prompt treatment.

Most causes of vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain are treatable as long as a doctor diagnoses and treat them in time.

If this is not poisoning, what is? 7 Reasons Why Your Stomach Hurts and Feels Nauseous

• Health

In the fall, if nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps and malaise appear, we attribute them to poisoning, “stomach” flu or rotavirus. But often this is not the reason at all.

October 29, 2022

Source:

iStockphoto

If at night or in the morning you suddenly feel sick, have diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, we often think that we ate something wrong. If this is excluded, then the thought appears that they have caught an unpleasant virus, which is commonly called “intestinal flu”. Often this infection in one way or another affects the entire family, although the severity of the condition varies.

But it is not always right to attribute all problems to an insidious virus and wait a couple of days for the body to cope with the infection. Sometimes these symptoms – abdominal cramps, nausea with vomiting and diarrhea – can be the first signs of other, more dangerous and serious illnesses. What it could be, Alexandra Yakovleva, a gastroenterologist, hepatologist at the SM-Clinic in St. Petersburg, listed Dr. Peter.

Not only rotavirus – there are a lot of “intestinal flus”

Nausea and abdominal cramps are clear signs of acute viral intestinal infections: rotavirus, enterovirus and others. Such diseases are also known under the informal name “intestinal flu”. However, in addition to the most famous, there are less common, but no less relevant infections. Most often, the body copes with them for 3-5 days, but you need to monitor your condition: if it gets worse, you should call a doctor at home.

However, other infections, such as bacterial or fungal infections, as well as non-infectious digestive problems or certain diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, can also indicate similar symptoms. The most common problems include those that we list below.

Read also

Banal overeating

Abdominal cramps and nausea, and sometimes vomiting with malaise, are a sign that your stomach simply cannot cope with the amount of food eaten. Therefore, try to reduce portions, observe moderation in food. Colic in the intestines can also be added to the discomfort of overeating.

Usually such troubles with digestion occur if among the amount of food eaten there were gas-producing foods: legumes, milk, some types of fruits and vegetables, sweet lemonades.

Exacerbation of chronic gastritis

A surge in the activity of this disease is not always caused by a viral agent. Often, gastritis makes itself felt against the background of severe stress, if you have experienced a shock, overtired or nervous, forgot to eat on time or were on a diet.

Exacerbation also provokes poor nutrition: a violation of the diet prescribed by the doctor, an abundance of spicy and salty foods in the diet, smoking, alcohol abuse.

See also

Biliary congestion

Biliary dyskinesia is a functional disorder. This is a violation of the outflow of bile from the liver through the bile ducts to the gallbladder, and then from it through the common cystic outflow into the duodenum. The disease can develop independently, or may be accompanied by other diseases: gastritis, peptic ulcer, cholecystitis, pancreatitis and others.

In addition to nausea, symptoms of biliary dyskinesia include sharp pain in the right hypochondrium, bloating, bitter taste in the mouth, and lack of appetite.

Inflammation of the pancreas

One of the most common gastroenterological diseases is pancreatitis, or inflammation of the pancreas. It happens in an acute or chronic form (with periodic exacerbations). Symptoms are characteristic of both an attack of acute pancreatitis and an exacerbation of the chronic form of the disease.

In addition to nausea, the disease is accompanied by vomiting and pain in the upper abdomen. Sometimes they are shingles in nature and extremely painful.

Read also

When the intestines grumble

Irritable bowel syndrome is a violation of the basic functions of the organ. With this disease, the pain sensitivity of the intestine increases: even ordinary irritants cause severe cramps, discomfort in the abdomen and impaired stool. The disease often occurs against the background of increased stress, depression, chronic fatigue and anxiety. Other possible causes: violation of the intestinal microflora, hormonal changes and a hereditary factor.

Inflammatory bowel disease

Abdominal pain and nausea can be associated with ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, and intestinal obstruction – a violation of the passage of feces through the intestines due to obstructions – adhesions, volvulus of the intestine or tumor.

In Crohn’s disease, the inflammatory process can affect all parts of the gastrointestinal tract, but most often it affects the large intestine and ileum – the final section of the small intestine. Manifestations are different, but most often it is cramping abdominal pain and nausea, malaise, bloating and seething in the abdomen.

Read also

It is important to deal with the doctor

The listed diagnoses are serious diseases that require medical attention. Don’t wait for nausea and stomach pain to go away on their own. It is better to immediately consult a doctor: a therapist or a gastroenterologist, as well as pass the necessary tests and undergo an ultrasound scan of the abdominal cavity or intestines.

Text author: Alena Paretskaya

Stomach hurts after coronavirus: what to do?

Most post-COVID symptoms are similar to those of COVID-19 itself. The top 5 most common residual symptoms of coronavirus infection are fatigue (58%), headache (44%), difficulty concentrating (27%), hair loss (25%) and shortness of breath (24%) [2]. Most often, post-COVID symptoms are associated with the lungs, cardiovascular and nervous system. Digestive disorders are less common, but also characteristic – they are noted in about 12% of those who have been ill [2]. In addition to abdominal pain, after covid-19, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and bloating may disturb [2, 3].

Why does my stomach hurt with COVID-19?

Although COVID-19 is classified as a respiratory infection, it can also affect the digestive tract. ACE2 receptors, which serve as a gateway for this new coronavirus, are present not only in the lungs, but also in the intestines [3, 4]. Therefore, the virus can also cause inflammation there, which in some patients is manifested by diarrhea and abdominal pain [4]. In fact, we are talking about an acute intestinal infection caused by a coronavirus.

Possible causes of abdominal pain after corona are irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or functional dyspepsia following infectious diarrhea [3, 6]. The risk of developing IBS is especially high in the case of [4]: ​​

• prolonged diarrhea;
• antibiotic treatment;
• weight loss;
• stress.

This is common in patients with COVID-19 and diarrhea [4]. However, these functional digestive disorders usually have a favorable prognosis and their symptoms resolve completely after weeks or months [3].

Abdominal pain, bloating, nausea and diarrhea can also be manifestations of dysbacteriosis, which often occurs against the background of COVID-19 [5, 6]. It has been proven that coronavirus infection can disrupt the intestinal microflora due to an increase in the number of pathogenic microbes and a decrease in the number of “beneficial” bacteria [6]. Restoring the microbial balance of the gut can help relieve residual symptoms.

When should you see a doctor?

Minor side effects of the gastrointestinal tract after experiencing COVID-19 are usually successfully treated with over-the-counter drugs. But if the symptoms do not go away for a long time, it is better to see a doctor, even if you are not sure if this is due to a coronavirus infection [3].

So, COVID-19 can cause not only respiratory symptoms, but also digestive symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. In some patients, these disorders persist even after the end of an acute infection. The cause of their occurrence may be the consequences of intestinal inflammation and disorders of the intestinal microflora. Usually, abdominal pain and other digestive disorders go away on their own, but in case of prolonged and severe symptoms, you should consult a doctor.

References:

1. WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard https://covid19.who.int/
2. Lopez-Leon, S., Wegman-Ostrosky, T., Perelman, C. et al. More than 50 long-term effects of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 11, 16144 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95565-8
3. Molly Chiu. Addressing post-COVID-19 gastrointestinal symptoms. July 16, 2021 https://blogs.bcm.edu/2021/07/16/addressing-post-covid-19-gastrointestinal-symptoms/
4. Dipasquale, V., Passanisi, S., Cucinotta, U. et al. Implications of SARS-COV-2 infection in the diagnosis and management of the pediatric gastrointestinal disease.