Can garlic, vinegar, and boric acid really help remedy yeast infections? Find out the correct way to use them, when to see a doctor, and more effective home remedies for treating vaginal yeast infections.

Understanding Vaginal Yeast Infections

A vaginal yeast infection, also known as vaginal candidiasis, is a common condition caused by an overgrowth of the fungus Candida albicans. This fungus naturally lives in the vagina, but an imbalance can lead to irritation, inflammation, itching, and painful discharge. Most people with a vulva and vagina will experience a yeast infection at some point in their lifetime.

Symptoms of a Yeast Infection

The common symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection include:

• Vaginal discharge that can appear white or yellowish, and may have a clumpy, cottage cheese-like texture
• Vaginal itching
• Burning sensation when urinating or during sex
• Tenderness or swelling around the vagina
• Rash

Diagnosing a Yeast Infection

If you’re experiencing your first yeast infection, it’s best to see a healthcare professional to confirm the diagnosis. They will ask about your medical history and perform a pelvic exam to check for external signs of infection. They can then recommend appropriate treatment options.

If you’ve had yeast infections before, you may be able to try some home remedies to get relief. However, keep in mind that the effectiveness of these remedies can vary, and the evidence for their success is mostly anecdotal.

11 Effective Home Remedies for Yeast Infections

1. Greek Yogurt

Probiotics found in plain Greek yogurt can be effective against Candida albicans. The live bacteria, such as Lactobacillus acidophilus, help promote a healthy vaginal environment and can address an overgrowth of the fungus. A 2017 study suggests that eating yogurt can also help expand the gut microbiome, which can reduce yeast in the body. To use yogurt for a yeast infection, opt for plain, unsweetened Greek yogurt and either eat it, apply it to the vulva, or insert it into the vagina using a clean tampon applicator or your finger.

2. Boric Acid

Boric acid is a powerful antiseptic that some people claim can help clear up yeast infections that are resistant to other remedies. Boric acid vaginal suppositories may be used in combination with medications to treat vaginal infections. However, boric acid is toxic in large amounts and can lead to kidney damage, circulatory system failure, or even death if too much is absorbed. Avoid using boric acid on broken skin or taking it orally. Pregnant women should not use boric acid in any form. Discontinue use if you experience any discomfort.

3. Essential Oil of Oregano

Oil of oregano made from the wild variety, Origanum vulgare, may be effective for altering the growth of Candida albicans, according to a 2017 study. To use, mix 3-5 drops of the essential oil per ounce of carrier oil, such as olive or sweet almond oil, and apply it to the skin by massaging or inhaling it using a diffuser. Never ingest essential oils, as they are meant for external use only.

4. Probiotic Suppositories and Supplements

Probiotics can help restore the balance of bacteria and yeast throughout the body. Taking oral probiotics containing Lactobacillus acidophilus strains can offer relief for yeast infections. Probiotic suppositories inserted directly into the vagina may also be helpful.

5. Garlic

Garlic has natural antifungal properties that may help fight Candida albicans. Some people report success in treating yeast infections by inserting a peeled, fresh garlic clove into the vagina. However, there is limited scientific evidence to support the effectiveness of this remedy. Garlic can also cause burning or irritation, so it’s important to use caution.

6. Apple Cider Vinegar

The acidity in apple cider vinegar may help create an unfavorable environment for Candida albicans. Some people find relief by soaking in a warm bath with a cup of apple cider vinegar added to the water. You can also try applying a diluted solution of apple cider vinegar directly to the vaginal area.

7. Tea Tree Oil

Tea tree oil has strong antifungal properties that may help fight yeast infections. However, tea tree oil can cause irritation, especially in sensitive areas, so it’s important to dilute it with a carrier oil before applying it topically. Never insert tea tree oil directly into the vagina.

11 Home Remedies for Vaginal Yeast Infection

Can garlic, vinegar, and boric acid really help remedy yeast infections? Find out the correct way to use them, when to see a doctor, and more home remedies for vaginal yeast infections.

A vaginal yeast infection (vaginal candidiasis) is a common condition caused by an overgrowth of a fungus that naturally lives in the vagina, called Candida albicans.

This overgrowth can trigger irritation, inflammation, itching, and painful discharge. Most folks with a vulva and vagina experience a yeast infection at some point during their lifetime.

If this is your first time experiencing the symptoms of a yeast infection, a good first step involves visiting a gynecologist or other healthcare professional to confirm you actually have a yeast infection and not another vaginal health condition.

Symptoms of a yeast infection

Common symptoms of vaginal yeast infections include:

• vaginal discharge, which can appear white or yellowish (it may be watery or have a clumpy texture, similar to cottage cheese)
• vaginal itching
• burning when you urinate or during sex
• pain during sex
• tenderness or swelling around the vagina
• rash

How to diagnose a yeast infection

If you’ve never had a yeast infection before, it’s best to make an appointment with a healthcare professional to get a diagnosis.

Your clinician will ask about your health history and perform a pelvic exam, which involves examining your cervix, the walls of your vagina, and the surrounding area for external signs of infection.

They’ll also recommend some treatment options if they diagnose a yeast infection.

If you’ve previously had a yeast infection and suspect you have another one, you can try several home remedies to get relief. Some of these remedies use ingredients you might already have in your home.

Just keep in mind that the effectiveness of these remedies can vary, and evidence for their success remains mostly anecdotal.

Below, we’ll explore 11 home remedies for yeast infections and how they work.

1. Greek yogurt

Probiotics can be effective againstC. Albicans — and yogurt can be considered a probiotic because it contains live bacteria, such as Lactobacillus acidophilus. These bacteria help promote a healthy environment in your vagina, and they can help address an overgrowth caused by an imbalance.

A 2017 study suggests that eating yogurt helps expand your gut microbiome, which can help reduce yeast in your body. If you don’t like yogurt, you can take a probiotic supplement or try other probiotic foods.

When it comes to using yogurt for a yeast infection, opt for plain Greek yogurt. Make sure the yogurt doesn’t contain any added sugar, flavoring, or fruit. Added sugar can fuel the growth of the Candida fungus.

To reap the benefits, try:

• eating the yogurt
• applying it to your vulva around your vagina
• inserting it vaginally using a clean tampon applicator or your fingers

Try these products

• 365 by Whole Foods Market Organic Greek Yogurt Plain
• Chobani Non-Fat Plain Greek Yogurt

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2. Boric acid

Boric acid is a powerful antiseptic, and some people claim it can help clear up yeast infections resistant to other remedies.

Boric acid vaginal suppositories may be used in combination with medications to treat vaginal infections.

However, boric acid is toxic in large amounts. It can lead to kidney damage, acute circulatory system failure, or death if you absorb too much. Avoid using boric acid on broken skin, and never take it orally.

If you’re pregnant, don’t use boric acid in any form. You may also want to consider another remedy if you have sensitive skin.

Discontinue use if you notice any discomfort.

Try these products

• Love Wellness The Killer Boric Acid Suppositories
• The Honey Pot Company Boric Acid & Herbs Suppositories

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3. Essential oil of oregano

Oil of oregano isn’t the same as common oregano, or Origanum marjoram, which you’ll usually find in your grocery store’s spice section.

To ease a yeast infection, search for oregano oil made from wild oregano, or Origanum vulgare.

A 2017 study suggests oregano essential oil may prove effective for altering the growth of C. Albicans.

To use, mix three to five drops of essential oil per ounce of carrier oil, such as olive or sweet almond oil. Then, apply it to your skin by massaging or inhaling it using a diffuser. Don’t apply this essential oil near your vagina.

Never ingest essential oils. Essential oils are meant to be inhaled as part of aromatherapy, or diluted with massage oil to use during massage. They’re also not meant to be used internally–external use only!

Try these products

• Plant Therapy Oregano Essential Oil

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4. Probiotic suppositories and supplements

Probiotics can help restore the bacteria-yeast balance throughout your body.

Taking oral probiotics that contain strains of the Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria can offer a number of health benefits, including helping bring your digestive tract and vaginal flora back into alignment.

Oral supplements can take several days to a few weeks to reach full effect, so some people use probiotics as vaginal suppositories to get results more quickly.

Evidence suggests probiotic suppositories can also help treat bacterial vaginosis (BV).

Try these products

• Uqora Promote
• FloraFemme Homeopathic Vaginal Probiotic Suppository

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5. Coconut oil

Coconut oil is a fatty oil derived from the flesh of the coconut. The oil has many health benefits, including antifungal properties.

Research suggests coconut oil is effective against C. Albicans, making this home remedy one of the few with supportive evidence behind it.

To treat a vaginal yeast infection using coconut oil, be sure to buy pure, organic coconut oil. You can apply the oil directly to the affected area.

Try these products

• Coco & Co.’s Pure Coconut Oil
• Okay 100% Pure Coconut Oil

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6. Tea tree oil

Tea tree oil is an essential oil used to help kill fungi, bacteria, and viruses. In fact, research supports tea tree oil’s antifungal properties.

Research from 2016 suggests a combination of probiotics and vaginal suppositories containing tea tree oil may help treat vaginal infections.

More recent lab findings continue to support the antimicrobial activities of tea tree oil.

Tea tree oil is an incredibly powerful essential oil. So, you’ll always want to make sure you dilute it with a carrier oil, such as jojoba or coconut oil, if it’s going to touch your skin — undiluted tea tree oil should never touch your skin. And just as a reminder, essential oils should never be used internally!

If you can, opt to purchase prepared tea tree vaginal suppositories — this is the safest option.

Only use tea tree oil occasionally, and never swallow it. If you have sensitive skin, you’ll generally want to avoid using tea tree oil. Discontinue use if you experience any discomfort or irritation after using it.

Try these products

• NutraBlast Tea Tree Oil Suppositories
• Maple Holistics Tea Tree Essential Oil

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7.

Apple cider vinegar

One popular yeast infection remedy is an apple cider vinegar bath.

Vinegar has many medicinal uses, some more supported by research than others.

But when you add a half cup of apple cider vinegar to a lukewarm bathtub and soak for 20 minutes, the acidic component of the vinegar may help eliminate any harmful microorganisms, including yeast.

An apple cider vinegar bath is not the same as douching, which aims to flush out all bacteria (good and bad) from your vagina. Douching leaves you more prone to a recurrence of the yeast infection, so avoid douching with apple cider vinegar — or any other substance.

You’ll want to dilute vinegar in water before it touches your skin. In addition, you could also try adding apple cider vinegar to your diet.

Try this product

• Bragg Organic Apple Cider Vinegar

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8. Garlic

Evidence suggests garlic may also help kill Candida, though some strains may prove more effective than others.

While more studies are needed, research from 2019 examined the effect of using a garlic solution on sores of the mouth and found it could effectively help curb the growth of Candida. That said, garlic was less effective than nystatin (Nystop), an antifungal medication.

If you want to try garlic to treat a yeast infection, it’s best to simply add more garlic to your diet.

Some websites recommend inserting garlic into your vagina, but we do not recommend this approach. That’s because the active compounds in garlic can cause burns and pain when applied to your skin or mucosa. Mucosa, or mucous membrane, is the type of moist tissue that lines your mouth, and yes, the walls of your vagina.

9. Hydrogen peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide is an antiseptic that can kill bacteria and yeast. Lactobacillus bacteria in your vagina produce hydrogen peroxide as part of natural biological activity.

Some people swear by using hydrogen peroxide topically when they get a yeast infection.

Adding it to a bath or diluting in water before applying to your skin may help with yeast growing on the genitals. You can dilute by combining equal amounts of water and hydrogen peroxide.

Just keep in mind that hydrogen peroxide may not work on every species of yeast, and no strong research supports the use of hydrogen peroxide to treat vaginal infections.

Always avoid douching with hydrogen peroxide, never use hydrogen peroxide internally, and avoid using it for an extended period of time.

Try these products

• Medline Hydrogen Peroxide
• Swan Hydrogen Peroxide Topical Solution

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10. Vitamin C

Vitamin C is an immune system booster that also has a role in skin health. A strong immune system allows your body to bring itself back into balance.

Vitamin C, also called ascorbic acid, has antimicrobial components, so some people add it to their diet to treat Candida overgrowths.

Try increasing your intake of vitamin C to boost your body’s ability to beat the yeast infection. Don’t apply the acidic vitamin C to the sensitive vaginal tissue.

Try these products

• Nature’s Bounty Vitamin C, 500 mg
• Nature Made Extra Strength Vitamin C Chewable, 1,000 mg

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11. Vitamin E

Some doctors recommend vitamin E for certain types of vaginal inflammation. In fact, lab research suggests vitamin E can help reduce inflammation caused by Candida albicans.

Evidence also suggests vitamin E suppositories may help address atrophic vaginitis (aka, vaginal atrophy), which is the thinning of the vaginal walls caused by a lack of estrogen. Atrophic vaginitis causes changes to the vagina’s acidic environment, increasing the risk for bacterial and yeast infections.

You can also purchase vitamin E suppositories intended for vaginal use, or apply vitamin E oil to your vulva or vagina. Vitamin E may help soothe itching, burning, and inflammation.

If vitamin E doesn’t seem to help, a good next step involves asking a healthcare professional for more guidance.

Try these products

• Nature Made Vitamin E, 180 mg
• Femally Organic Vitamin E Melts Vaginal Moisturizing Suppositories, 14 count

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The main cause of a yeast infection is the overgrowth of yeast on an area of the body.

You could get a yeast infection for any number of reasons, including:

• Hormones: Changes during pregnancy, nursing, your menstrual cycle, or menopause can change the balance of yeast in your vagina.
• Sex: Yeast can be passed from person to person during physical sexual contact. Plus, sexual intercourse can change the bacterial balance of your vagina.
• Diabetes: An increase in sugar in the mucus membranes of your vagina can create a place for yeast to grow.
• Antibiotics: These drugs can kill off many of the “good” bacteria that live in your vagina.
• Douches and vaginal sprays: These products can change the balance of yeast in your vagina.
• A weakened immune system: If you are HIV-positive or have another immune system disorder, the yeast may also grow uncontrolled.

Interested in other vaginal health products?

We’ve got you covered. Our reviews and comparisons cover the top products for sexual wellness, total-body health, and more so you can find what’s right for you.

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It may take several days to notice results when using a home remedy to improve your yeast infection.

It’s always wise to connect with a healthcare professional if your symptoms get worse or if you notice new symptoms appear at any time during treatment. You’ll also want to make an appointment if you have persistent irritation that’s separate from yeast infection symptoms.

If your infection goes away with a home remedy but then returns, it’s best to contact a doctor for advice. You may need a prescription-strength treatment to get rid of the infection for good.

Keep in mind that some yeast infections can be severe. You’ll typically want to make a doctor’s appointment if:

• you’re pregnant
• you’ve had more than four yeast infections over the last year
• you have a weakened immune system from medications
• you have uncontrolled diabetes
• you have HIV
• you’re experiencing redness, swelling, or itching severe enough to create sores or tears in your vaginal tissue

For more serious yeast infections, your doctor may recommend:

• several doses of fluconazole, an oral tablet or suspension used to treat candidiasis, a fungal infection
• treatment with a topical antifungal medication, like miconazole (Monistat)
• a prescription suppository or tablet vaginal treatment, like terconazole (Terazol)

These tips may help prevent future yeast infections:

• Limit the amount of sugar and processed foods you consume. Yeast thrives on sugar.
• Include yogurt or supplements with Lactobacillus in your diet.
• Wear loose-fitting, cotton underwear. When doing laundry, wash them in hot water, using mild, unscented detergent.
• Avoid spending extended periods of time wearing wet bottoms or bathing suits. Yeast grows in warm, moist environments.
• Only use antibiotics when necessary.
• Don’t use douches unless advised by a doctor, and avoid vaginal deodorant sprays and scented vaginal lotions. These products may alter the balance of good bacteria and yeast in your vagina.

What is the fastest way to get rid of a yeast infection?

The fastest — and most reliable — way to get rid of a yeast infection is to visit a doctor if you suspect you have one. They will likely prescribe fluconazole, an oral treatment that may take 1 week to get rid of the infection.

Can yeast infections go away on their own?

A mild yeast infection may go away on its own, but this is rare. It’s always a good idea to treat a yeast infection, even if it’s mild. If yeast infections are not treated properly, they’re more likely to return.

What happens if a yeast infection is left untreated?

It may go away, but it is likely to return. Your symptoms may also get worse without treatment.

How do I know if it’s a yeast infection or a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

Yeast infections and UTIs occur in the same area, but they have very different symptoms.

With a vaginal yeast infection, you may have unusual, generally odorless, vaginal discharge that has a thick and milky appearance. You may also have pain or itchiness in your genital area.

With a UTI, you may notice pain and burning when urinating and foul-smelling urine, as well as fever, chills, nausea, and pain in your pelvis.

What is the difference between a yeast infection and bacterial vaginosis?

BV and vaginal yeast infections have similar symptoms, but different causes and treatments. Both cause inflammation of the vagina, or vaginitis.

One of the differences between BV and a yeast infection is that BV produces a foul-smelling, fishy odor, while a yeast infection produces no vaginal odor. Additionally, a yeast infection may cause redness and inflammation of the vulva, while BV doesn’t produce such symptoms.

To determine whether a vaginal infection is BV or a yeast infection, a doctor may:

• ask about your medical history, including previous vaginal infections
• perform an examination to look for signs of infection and vaginal discharge
• take a sample of the discharge for analysis to check for an overgrowth of harmful bacteria or fungi
• test the pH of your vagina — a pH of 4.5 or above can point to BV

Can I take over-the-counter (OTC) medicine for my yeast infection?

Yes. Most simple vaginal yeast infections improve with OTC vaginal creams or suppositories. You can find these products in 1-day, 3-day, and 7-day treatments.

Home remedies may or may not work to treat a yeast infection. If you use herbs, supplements, or essential oils, be aware that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) doesn’t monitor these for safety, purity, and quality. That’s why it’s always best to purchase them from a reputable source.

The effectiveness of a home remedy varies depending on the person, the severity of your infection, and the quality of the treatment used. For recurring vaginal infections, talk with a doctor about additional natural approaches to prevention and treatment. It’s also best to consult a healthcare professional if you’ve never had a yeast infection before.

Keep in mind that any product, natural or otherwise, may irritate sensitive vaginal skin. Stop using the remedy and call a doctor if you experience any irritation or discomfort.

Have There Ever Been Deaths from Boric Acid Suppositories?

While ingesting boric acid suppositories is dangerous and potentially fatal, using a suppository vaginally and as directed won’t cause death. You may experience mild side effects, though.

Boric acid is a chemical that’s been used to treat some types of vaginal infections. It’s available in several forms, including suppositories that you place into your vagina.

You may have heard that you can become very sick or potentially die from boric acid. Because of this, you may be wondering whether boric acid suppositories are actually safe to use.

There have been no deaths reported from using boric acid suppositories. While boric acid can indeed be toxic when ingested orally, vaginal applications are considered to be safe.

Continue reading to learn more about the safety of boric acid suppositories and more.

A quick internet search may bring up some concern about the safety of boric acid suppositories.

But while boric acid suppositories can cause mild side effects, no serious side effects or deaths have been reported.

Important safety information

While swallowing a boric acid suppository is very dangerous, inserting one labeled for vaginal application into the vagina is generally considered safe.

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Is boric acid toxic?

When consumed by mouth, boric acid is toxic and can potentially lead to death. Deaths due to accidental boric acid ingestion have been reported in both adults and children.

A 2011 statement from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) notes that ingesting about 30 grams of boric acid in a short period of time is toxic to humans and can eventually result in death.

This is much more than the amount of boric acid that’s in a boric acid suppository, which is typically 600 milligrams.

Because suppositories may appear similar to a pill that you take orally, there is the risk that they could be accidentally swallowed.

Swallowing a boric acid suppository is dangerous, but using one as labeled for vaginal application is generally safe.

Side effects of using boric acid vaginal suppositories as directed tend to be mild. They can include things like vaginal irritation or discharge.

Boric acid and reproductive health

Because boric acid suppositories are inserted into the vagina, another concern related to them has to do with their potential effect on reproductive health.

Studies in animals have found that when taken orally, boric acid can affect fertility in male animals and affect a developing fetus in female animals. However, studies in humans haven’t returned the same results.

A 2020 research review examined the animal studies discussed above and compared them with studies in humans who are regularly exposed to high levels of boron, the key element in boric acid, in the environment.

Overall, researchers found that:

• So far, studies of human exposure to high levels of boron haven’t produced the same reproductive effects that have been observed in animals.
• Even the highest levels of environmental boron exposure were too low to reach blood and tissue levels that would have harmful effects on human reproduction.

Symptoms of boric acid poisoning

Boric acid suppositories can appear similar to pills that you’d take orally. If you or someone else accidentally swallows a boric acid suppository, call 911 or local emergency services.

Some symptoms of boric acid poisoning include:

• abdominal pain
• nausea or vomiting
• diarrhea
• headaches
• feeling weak or lethargic
• tremors
• restlessness

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Boric acid has been used, either alone or with other medications, to treat some types of recurrent vaginal infections, such as yeast infections and bacterial vaginosis. (A recurrent infection is an infection that continues to return, despite treatment.)

A 2011 research review looked at 14 studies comparing boric acid with other treatments for recurrent yeast infections. The included studies were clinical trials, case series, and case studies. Researchers found that boric acid had a cure rate of 40 to 100 percent, depending on the study.

Research into boric acid for bacterial vaginosis is more limited. To date, one clinical trial has been performed on boric acid for bacterial vaginosis, although others have been proposed.

In the 2009 trial, participants were given oral nitroimidazole, an antimicrobial drug used to treat vaginal infections, followed by boric acid suppositories.

Cure rates were between 88 and 92 percent after this treatment. However, the infection returned in many participants over the course of several weeks.

Some more research has also found that boric acid may help treat infections with Trichomonas vaginalis that are difficult to treat. T. vaginalis is the organism that causes trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted infection (STI).

How exactly does boric acid work?

It’s unclear how boric acid works to treat vaginal infections. It’s believed that it may work through disrupting fungal and bacterial growth.

It may also prevent these organisms from forming biofilms. Biofilms are a group of microorganisms organized within a sticky matrix. Organisms that have formed a biofilm can be harder to treat with some types of medications.

New boric acid-based therapies for vaginal infections

A novel boric acid-based therapy appears to be safe and effective in clinical trials. It’s called TOL-463. TOL-463 is made of boric acid and another chemical called EDTA, which can enhance the activity of boric acid.

A 2018 paper reported the results of a phase 2 clinical trial of TOL-463 for the treatment of yeast infections and bacterial vaginosis. The trial had 106 participants who took TOL-463 once per day for a week.

Researchers found that a TOL-463 vaginal insert had a cure rate of 92 percent for yeast infections and 59 percent for bacterial vaginosis. The researchers note that this was comparable to the cure rates of other approved treatments for these conditions.

Additionally, side effects were mild and mainly included vaginal irritation. No serious or severe side effects were observed.

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Using boric acid suppositories is associated with a few side effects. These are generally mild and can include:

• vaginal burning
• watery vaginal discharge
• vaginal redness

If you’re using boric acid suppositories to treat a vaginal infection and experience significant discomfort, stop using them and contact your doctor for other treatment options.

Additionally, if you’ve been using boric acid suppositories and your infection isn’t getting better or gets worse, contact your doctor for a different treatment option.

Avoid having vaginal intercourse while you’re using boric acid suppositories.

It may also be a good idea to avoid receiving oral sex to reduce the risk of your partner ingesting boric acid that may still be present in or around your vagina.

Boric acid products and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

It’s likely you’ll notice that boric acid suppositories are marketed as a homeopathic product. It’s important to know that homeopathic products, including boric acid suppositories, aren’t currently approved by the FDA.

This means that the FDA hasn’t reviewed these products for their safety and effectiveness in treating specific health conditions before they entered the market.

Because of this, it’s important to talk with your doctor before using any homeopathic product, including boric acid suppositories.

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Because studies into the reproductive effects of boric acid are ongoing, avoid boric acid suppositories if you’re:

• pregnant
• planning to become pregnant
• breastfeeding

Additionally, avoid using boric acid suppositories if you:

• currently have vaginal bleeding, open cuts, or sores in or around your vagina
• have or suspect that you have an STI or pelvic inflammatory disease
• are currently experiencing symptoms that could indicate a more serious condition, such as fever, chills, or nausea and vomiting
• have certain underlying health conditions, such as diabetes or a weakened immune system
• are currently taking blood-thinning medications

Boric acid typically appears as an odorless white powder. It can be naturally found in the environment in:

• rocks
• soil
• water
• plants

Additionally, boric acid is used in various commercial products, such as:

• pesticides
• plant fertilizers
• household cleaning products
• laundry detergents
• personal care products

Boric acid was first used as an antiseptic in 1873. Since then, it has continued to be used for various vaginal infections.

Because boric acid is naturally found in the environment, many people consider it to be a “greener” option for treating vaginal infections. But this isn’t entirely true.

One of the main sources of boron and boric acid is the mining of minerals that have a high boron content. Not only does mining consume a lot of resources, but it can also introduce pollutants into the environment.

Boric acid suppositories can be used to treat some types of recurrent vaginal infections. Examples include yeast infections and bacterial vaginosis.

Using boric acid suppositories as labeled is generally safe. Side effects are mild and may include vaginal irritation and discharge. No serious side effects or deaths have been reported.

Boric acid is toxic when ingested by mouth, though. Boric acid poisoning can lead to serious symptoms and can be fatal. Because of this, always keep boric acid suppositories separate from oral medications to avoid accidental ingestion.

There are some people who should avoid using boric acid suppositories. If you’re interested in using boric acid suppositories or have questions or concerns, speak with your doctor first.

Yeast infections: diseases, treatments and preparations

Where can I buy?

Encyclopedia

Fungus

Skin and/or mucous membrane lesions caused by yeast fungi are called yeast infections.

The author of the article

Moshkova Elena Mikhailovna

Dermatovenereologist, head of the CDO for the provision of paid services, St. Petersburg State Budgetary Institution of Health “City Dermatovenerologic Dispensary”, St. Petersburg.

What yeast-like fungi cause disease in humans

Human skin normally inhabits both bacteria and fungal microorganisms. In small quantities, they are part of the normal microflora of the skin. Yeasts and yeast-like fungi can also live on the skin without causing any skin disease. However, if adverse factors occur (decreased immunity, impaired microflora), fungi begin to actively multiply, their number increases and leads to the development of the disease.

How is skin fungus treated? Watch in a two-minute video with Doctor of Medicine, Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences Olga Borisovna Tamrazova

Fungi of the genus Malassezia

Yeast-like fungi of the genus Malassezia – the cause of skin dermatosis: seborrheic dermatitis and versicolor (pityriasis) versicolor 90 026 . Approximately 20% of people experience occasional cases of seborrheic dermatitis. And 10% of the population suffers from versicolor (pityriasis) versicolor ³ .

Fungi of the genus Candida

Yeast fungi of the genus Candida – causative agents of candidiasis of the skin, mucous membranes and internal organs. Fungi of the genus Candida are conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, for the existence of which the presence of oxygen in the environment is an optional condition. This explains the possibility of candidiasis of internal organs.

Up to 30-50% of the population carry Candida on their skin. This type of fungus can colonize the mucous membrane of the mouth, intestines, and the genitourinary system.

How fungi of the genus Candida affect human health

Cause itching and dry skin

Provoke the appearance of a white coating on the tongue and bad breath

Contribute to the occurrence of vaginal candidiasis

Affect the feet

900 02 Of the 150 existing species of Candida, 20 species are the causative agents of candidiasis. Most often, Candida albicans, C.tropicalis, C.parapsilosis, C.glabrata ¹ are found in patients.

Skin may show C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. guillermondii, C. kefyr ¹ . However, skin candidiasis usually develops due to the presence of Candida albicans , other types of Candida cause skin lesions much less ¹ .

The cause of candidiasis of the genitourinary system in almost 90% of people is C. albicans, in 10% – C. krusei, C. glabrata and others ¹ .

Sites of localization of yeast infections. Symptoms

Seborrheic dermatitis

Seborrheic dermatitis most often occurs on the face and scalp. But the process can be widespread and localized in other seborrheic areas of the body (skin of the back, chest). Rashes are represented by pink spots with peeling on the surface. Sometimes the inflammation is so severe that itching and excessive moisture of the skin (weeping) appear. Often the only manifestation of seborrheic dermatitis is dandruff.

Pityriasis versicolor (pityriasis)

With versicolor versicolor, there is no skin inflammation, so patients are only concerned about the aesthetic component of dermatosis. Spots up to 1 cm usually appear on parts of the body with excessive sweating. The color of the rashes can vary from beige to pink, over time the spots merge into large foci.

Candidiasis of the skin and oral mucosa

Candidiasis of the skin often occurs in the interdigital, axillary, inguinal folds, on the skin under the mammary glands, the fold of the abdomen.

Large fold candidiasis

Large fold candidiasis Doctors also call Candida intertrigo ² . At the bottom of the fold, small bubbles appear, which open up, exposing bright pink with a bluish tinge of skin erosion. Over time, defects in the upper layer of the skin increase in size, merge and can completely spread to the entire surface of a large fold. The erosive surface is wet with a lacquer sheen. A whitish coating may be present. On the periphery of candidal foci, screenings can be found – islands of skin with small vesicles, pustules or small erosions.

Candidiasis of the interdigital folds of the hands often occurs in housewives, catering workers. The predisposing factor is constant contact with water. Often only one interdigital fold on the “working” hand is affected. There is redness, itching, there may be cracks.

Smooth skin candidiasis

Smooth skin candidiasis is more often a complication of an underlying dermatological disease, such as atopic dermatitis or due to the spread of a fungal infection from the skin of large folds.

Candidiasis of the nail folds and nails

Redness, swelling, pain appear at the site of the fungus penetration into the skin of the periungual fold. When pressing on the periungual roller, there are no purulent compartments, in contrast to inflammation of a bacterial nature. And brownish transverse grooves appear on the nail plate, the nail thickens, loses its luster.

Urogenital candidiasis

This disease does not apply to sexually transmitted infections ² .

In men, candidal balanitis, balanoposthitis and urethritis are more common.

Men report the following symptoms: ³

• Redness, whitish coating, swelling, itching, burning in the area of ​​the glans penis
• Painful urination and intercourse

See how thrush is treated in a short video by Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Evgenia Valerievna Shikh

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush) occurs in women – Candida fungi damage the mucous membrane of the external genitalia and vagina.

More than 70% of women have had an episode of urogenital candidiasis at least once in their lives. And 15% of them had repeated episodes of this disease ³ .

Women note: ³

• White curdled discharge from the genital tract
• Itching, burning
• Painful urination and intercourse

Predisposing factors for yeast infections

Predisposing factors for yeast infections: ³

• Long-term antibiotic therapy
• Taking anticancer drugs (cytostatics)
• Uncompensated diabetes mellitus
• Immunodeficiency
• Hormonal disorders

Predisposing factors for skin candidiasis include: prolonged contact with water, skin abrasions, excess weight. For the development of oral candidiasis – traumatization of the mucous membrane, for example, when wearing dentures, braces.

Diagnosis of yeast infections

Diagnosis of skin candidiasis is based on the clinical picture of the disease. The doctor may additionally prescribe a skin scraping test for the presence of Candida fungi.

In the diagnosis of urogenital candidiasis, microscopic and cultural methods with the determination of the type of fungus of the genus Candida and its sensitivity to antifungal drugs are of great importance ³ . And with the help of special test systems, you can detect DNA fragments of the causative agent of urogenital candidiasis.

Diagnosis of diseases caused by fungi of the genus Malassezia is based on examination of skin manifestations, dermatoscopy, examination of skin scrapings for fungi, determination of the Benier phenomenon (peeling of the rash when scraped with a fingernail or spatula) and Balzer’s test (5% alcohol solution of iodine is applied to the affected area with the capture of healthy skin. Increased staining of the rash compared to areas of healthy skin indicates the presence of fungi of the genus Malassezia).

Treatment of yeast infections

Treatment of candidiasis of the skin consists of:

1) Use of topical antifungals in the form of cream/ointment, solution, spray

2) Eliminate the source of the pathogen in the intestines or genitourinary tract, this is prescribed antifungal drugs for oral administration

9 0002 3) Elimination or correction of provoking factors

Treatment of urogenital candidiasis consists of:

1) Prescription of antifungal drugs for oral and local use0003

2) Prescription of anti-allergic drugs

3) Vitamin therapy

(Immunomodulatory drugs are recommended in some cases)

, creams, ointments), and for oral administration (tablets, capsules). Most often, it is possible to solve the problem with external antifungal agents. However, with widespread rashes, severe persistent course, drugs are prescribed for oral administration

The use of antiseptic or antibacterial drugs when a bacterial infection attaches to weeping areas of the skin antifungal medicines: sertaconazole, clotrimazole, ketoconazole, terbinafine. For example, appointment Zalain ^® cream 2% (sertaconazole) promotes recovery better than other drugs (versus clotrimazole) ⁵ .

Sertaconazole-based cream (Zalain®) for yeast infections

Sertaconazole-based products (Zalain ^® ) are available in the form of suppositories and cream.

When Zalain ^® cream is used topically for two weeks, the components of the drug are not detected in the blood and urine, which indicates a high safety profile of the drug ⁷ .

Sertaconazole has a triple action: it prevents the growth and reproduction of fungi, promotes their death, and also prevents the transition of fungi from a passive form to a pathogenic one (only for fungi of the genus Candida) ¹⁵ .

Instruction

Zalain ^® Yeast Infection Cream

How to use Zalain Cream ^®

In case of skin candidiasis, seborrheic dermatitis, pityriasis versicolor Zalain ^® cream is applied 2 times a day in a thin layer covering healthy skin for 2-4 weeks ⁶ .

Topical and systemic antifungal therapy may be indicated for the treatment of urogenital candidiasis.

Urogenital candidiasis in men can be treated externally:

• Zalain ^® cream is applied 2 times a day in a thin layer for 14 days ⁶ .

Has a triple effect: antifungal, antipruritic, anti-inflammatory

Used 1-2 times a day

Where to buy Zalain ^® Cream for the treatment of yeast infections

or

Find the nearest pharmacy

Zalain ^® Suppositories

Sertaconazole cream (Zalain ^® ) for the treatment of fungal infections

Vaginal candidiasis (thrush) in women is treated by insertion of vaginas al tablets or suppositories (suppositories).

Doctors also recommend vaginal suppositories based on sertaconazole (Zalain ^® ). One suppository is inserted into the vagina 1 time. The use of 1 vaginal suppository is explained by the fact that sertaconazole has a high lipophilicity – it dissolves well in lipid (fat) cell structures. Due to this, the drug remains in the vaginal mucosa for a long time (7 days) at a therapeutic concentration, having a triple mechanism of action on Candida fungi. For women, this prescription of the drug is very convenient.

Unlike other drugs for the treatment of urogenital candidiasis, the effect of Zalain ^® suppositories is observed with a single application of ⁷ . If necessary (maintenance of clinical symptoms), treatment can be repeated after 1 week ⁷ . The doctor may recommend Zalain ^® suppositories to pregnant women if necessary.

The use of specially adapted intimate hygiene gels helps maintain a healthy microflora of the vulva and resist infections.

Only 1 suppository per course

Local effect of the drug

Absorption of sertaconazole into the bloodstream does not occur ¹³

Can be used during pregnancy and lactation*

Where to buy Zalain ^® Candles

Instruction

Why is 1 candle valid for 7 days?

Zalagel ^® Intim

Antiseptic properties of components Zalagel ^® Intim

Zalagel ^® Intim gel-soap, gently cleanses the skin of the intimate area, has a calming effect ohm and helps to reduce the feeling of discomfort.

U Zalagel ^® Intim Slightly alkaline pH (8-9), creating a destructive environment for fungi of the genus Candida (causative agents of thrush). The betaine component, which is part of the gel, prevents dryness of the intimate area, maintains the physiological balance of the skin and mucous membranes.

Gently cleanses the intimate area

Creates a destructive environment for fungi of the Candida genus

Protects the female genital organs from infections

Tea tree oil in the composition of the product has an antibacterial and antiviral effect

Reduces itching and irritation 9000 3

Where to buy Zalagel ^® Intim

or

Find the nearest pharmacy

Instruction

Answers to questions

How to understand that thrush has become chronic?

Answer: Four or more episodes of thrush per year are in favor of chronic recurrent urogenital candidiasis.

How long does the treatment for versicolor take?

Answer: Treatment of multicolored lichen, as a rule, consists in prescribing external antifungal therapy. The duration of treatment is selected individually and usually lasts at least 2 weeks.

Is it possible to wet the skin with candidiasis of the folds?

Answer: In the acute period of the disease until the stabilization of the skin process, it is necessary to limit contact with water.

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Sources

1. Russian clinical guidelines.
2. Textbook “Skin and venereal diseases” edited by O.L. Ivanov., 2010.
3. National Guide to Dermatovenereology edited by prof. Yu.S. Butova, acad. RAMS Yu. K. Skripkina, prof. O.L. Ivanov.
4. Clinical guidelines of the Russian Federation, Urogenital candidiasis 2019
5. Efficacy and safety study of Zalain® 2% cream in the treatment of skin mycoses. IG Sergeeva, Yu. M. Krinitsyna Novosibirsk State University.
6. Register of Medicines of Russia, official instructions for the active substance Sertaconazole.
7. Register of Medicines of Russia, official instructions for Zalain® 2% cream.
8. Register of Medicines of Russia, official instructions Zalain 300 mg, vaginal suppositories.
9. RMJ No. 9, 2015. “Vulvovaginal candidiasis. The use of Zalain in clinical practice. E. S. Vanke, N. S. Vanke.
10. Mondello F, De Bernardis F, Girolamo A, Cassone A, Salvatore G. In vivo activity of terpinen-4-ol, the main bioactive component of Melaleuca alternifolia Cheel (tea tree) oil against azole-susceptible and -resistant human pathogenic Candida species. BMC Infect Dis. 2006;6:158.
11. Hammer KA, Carson CF, Riley TV. In vitro susceptibilities of lactobacilli and organisms associated with bacterial vaginosis to Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999;43:196.
12. Pena EF. Melaleuca alternifolia oil. Its use for trichomonal vaginitis and other vaginal infections. Obstet Gynecol 1962;19:793-5.
13. Astani A, Reichling J, Schnitzler P. Comparative study on the antiviral activity of selected monoterpenes derived from essential oils. Python Res 2009; 24(5):673-9.
14. Bassett, I. B., D. L. Pannowitz, and R. S. Barnetson. 1990. A comparative study of tea-tree oil versus benzoylperoxide in the treatment of acne. Med. J. Aust. 153:455-458.
15. Carrillo-Muñoz AJ, Tur-Tur C, Giusiano G, Marcos-Arias C, Eraso E, Jauregizar N, Quindós G. Sertaconazole: an antifungal agent for the topical treatment of superficial candidiasis. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2013 Apr;11(4):347-58. doi: 10.1586/eri.13.17. PMID: 23566144.

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Yeast infections (fungus) in women

Every woman will experience a yeast infection at some point in her life. A yeast infection is an irritating infection of the vagina and vulva that causes itching, discharge, and irritation. This is a type of vaginitis caused by an overgrowth of a yeast known as Candida albicans and is often easily treated at home, but can sometimes be severe enough to require a visit to a doctor.

On average, three out of four women experience a yeast infection. Some women have several throughout their lives. Although this disease is not considered a sexually transmitted disease, the fungus can be spread through oral contact with the female genitalia. It is important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of a yeast infection and when you should see your OB/GYN.

Signs and symptoms of yeast infections

Signs and symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection can range from mild to more severe. These include the following:

• burning sensation, especially when urinating or during intercourse;
• itching and irritation in the vagina and vulva;
• redness and swelling of the vulva;
• thick, white or greyish vaginal discharge resembling cottage cheese;
• vaginal rash;
• pain and soreness in the vagina;
• watery vaginal discharge.

Yeast infection risk factors

There are certain risk factors that can lead to the development of a yeast infection. These include the following:

• taking antibiotics;
• lack of sleep;
• hormonal imbalance during the menstrual cycle;
• taking hormone therapy or oral contraceptives;
• stress;
• malnutrition, especially when eating too many sugary foods;
• pregnancy;
• diabetes;
• weakened immune system;
• wearing clothes that are too tight.

A yeast infection can be caused by a number of reasons, but the most common cause is the fungus Candida albicans. The vagina has a natural balance of this substance, as well as other bacteria. However, in some cases there may be an overgrowth of Candida, leading to the development of a yeast infection. As a result, you may experience a combination of classic symptoms such as burning, itching, and soreness. Even women who are not sexually active can develop this infection.

Sometimes other types of Candida can also cause a yeast infection, but most drugs, especially over-the-counter ones, are for Candida albicans. If you develop a yeast infection caused by another type of Candida, treatment may be more difficult. If more aggressive treatment is needed, you may need to make an appointment with an OB/GYN.

Diagnosis of yeast infections

When you visit your OB/GYN, the doctor will run a test to determine if you have a yeast infection:

• Review of medical history, including any past vaginal infections or sexually transmitted diseases.
• Visual examination of the pelvis, external and internal parts of the vagina.
• Biosampling, a sample of vaginal secretions, to determine what type of fungus is causing the infection.

Yeast infection treatment

Treatment for a simple yeast infection is usually straightforward for most women and may include the following options:

• A prescription antifungal cream, ointment, suppository, or tablet that lasts one, three, or seven days.
• Single dose oral preparations
• An over-the-counter antifungal cream or suppository that lasts three to seven days.