Stress irregular periods. Stress-Induced Irregular Periods: Understanding the Impact on Menstrual Cycles

08.05.197620.10.2021 by alexxlab

How does stress affect menstrual cycles. What are the signs of stress-induced irregular periods. Can pandemic-related stress disrupt menstrual patterns. What are the long-term effects of stress on reproductive health. How to manage stress for regular menstrual cycles.

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The Link Between Stress and Menstrual Irregularities

Stress has long been recognized as a significant factor affecting various aspects of human health, including reproductive functions. Recent studies have shed light on the profound impact of stress on menstrual cycles, particularly in the context of global events like the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding this connection is crucial for women’s health and overall well-being.

Stress-Induced Changes in Menstrual Patterns

A groundbreaking study conducted by Northwestern Medicine has revealed that increased stress levels during the COVID-19 pandemic led to notable changes in menstrual cycles. The research, which surveyed over 200 women and individuals who menstruate in the United States, found that more than half of the participants (54%) experienced alterations in their menstrual cycles following the onset of the pandemic in March 2020.

What specific changes were observed? The study identified two primary effects:

Heavier menstrual bleeding
Longer duration of periods

These changes were more pronounced in individuals who reported higher levels of stress compared to those with moderate stress levels. This correlation underscores the significant role that psychological factors play in reproductive health.

The Science Behind Stress-Related Menstrual Irregularities

To understand why stress affects menstrual cycles, it’s essential to delve into the underlying physiological mechanisms. The menstrual cycle is regulated by a complex interplay of hormones, primarily controlled by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Stress can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to various menstrual irregularities.

Hormonal Disruptions

How does stress interfere with normal hormonal functions? When the body experiences stress, it releases cortisol, often referred to as the “stress hormone.” Elevated cortisol levels can:

Suppress the production of reproductive hormones
Interfere with the normal functioning of the ovaries
Alter the timing of ovulation
Affect the buildup and shedding of the uterine lining

These hormonal disruptions can manifest as changes in menstrual flow, cycle length, and even temporary cessation of periods (amenorrhea) in extreme cases.

Identifying Stress-Induced Menstrual Irregularities

Recognizing the signs of stress-related menstrual changes is crucial for timely intervention and management. While every individual’s experience may differ, some common indicators of stress-induced menstrual irregularities include:

Delayed or skipped periods
Heavier or lighter than usual flow
Longer or shorter menstrual cycles
Increased menstrual pain or cramps
Spotting between periods
Changes in premenstrual symptoms

It’s important to note that these symptoms can also be indicative of other underlying health conditions. Therefore, persistent irregularities should be discussed with a healthcare provider to rule out any serious issues.

The Impact of Pandemic-Related Stress on Menstrual Health

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented unique challenges to mental and physical health worldwide. The Northwestern Medicine study provides valuable insights into how this global crisis has affected menstrual health specifically.

Factors Contributing to Pandemic-Related Menstrual Changes

What aspects of the pandemic have contributed to increased stress and subsequent menstrual irregularities? Several factors have been identified:

Anxiety about health and safety
Economic uncertainty
Social isolation
Disrupted routines and lifestyle changes
Increased caregiving responsibilities
Limited access to healthcare services

These stressors, both acute and chronic, have created a perfect storm for menstrual cycle disruptions. The study’s findings highlight the need for greater attention to reproductive health in times of crisis and beyond.

Long-Term Implications of Stress on Reproductive Health

While short-term stress-induced menstrual irregularities may resolve on their own, prolonged or severe stress can have more significant implications for reproductive health. Understanding these potential long-term effects is crucial for comprehensive healthcare.

Potential Consequences of Chronic Stress

What are the possible long-term impacts of stress on reproductive health? Research suggests several areas of concern:

Fertility issues: Chronic stress can interfere with ovulation and reduce the chances of conception.
Hormonal imbalances: Prolonged stress may lead to persistent hormonal disruptions affecting overall health.
Increased risk of reproductive disorders: Some studies indicate a link between chronic stress and conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Exacerbation of existing reproductive health issues: Stress can worsen symptoms of conditions like endometriosis or premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).
Impact on menopause: Chronic stress may influence the timing and symptoms of menopause.

These potential consequences underscore the importance of addressing stress as part of overall reproductive health care.

Managing Stress for Menstrual Health

Given the significant impact of stress on menstrual cycles, implementing effective stress management strategies is essential for maintaining reproductive health. While individual needs may vary, several evidence-based approaches can help mitigate the effects of stress on menstrual regularity.

Stress Reduction Techniques

What are some effective methods for reducing stress and promoting menstrual health? Consider incorporating these strategies into your daily routine:

Mindfulness and meditation: Regular practice can help reduce stress hormones and promote overall well-being.
Exercise: Physical activity releases endorphins, which can counteract the effects of stress.
Adequate sleep: Prioritizing quality sleep helps regulate hormones and reduce stress levels.
Balanced nutrition: A healthy diet supports hormonal balance and overall health.
Time management: Organizing tasks and setting realistic goals can reduce feelings of overwhelm.
Social support: Maintaining connections with friends and family provides emotional resilience.
Relaxation techniques: Practices like deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, or yoga can help manage stress.
Professional support: Seeking help from a therapist or counselor can provide valuable coping strategies.

Incorporating these techniques into daily life can help mitigate the impact of stress on menstrual health and overall well-being.

The Role of Healthcare Providers in Addressing Stress-Related Menstrual Issues

Healthcare providers play a crucial role in identifying, managing, and preventing stress-induced menstrual irregularities. As the connection between stress and reproductive health becomes increasingly recognized, it’s important for medical professionals to adopt a holistic approach to women’s health care.

Comprehensive Care Strategies

How can healthcare providers better address stress-related menstrual issues? Several strategies can enhance care:

Routine screening: Incorporating stress assessment into regular check-ups can help identify potential issues early.
Patient education: Providing information about the stress-menstrual cycle connection empowers patients to recognize and address problems.
Interdisciplinary approach: Collaborating with mental health professionals can offer comprehensive care for stress-related reproductive issues.
Personalized treatment plans: Tailoring interventions to individual needs and circumstances can improve outcomes.
Follow-up care: Regular monitoring and adjustment of treatment plans ensure ongoing support and management.
Preventive strategies: Offering guidance on stress management techniques as part of routine care can help prevent future issues.

By implementing these strategies, healthcare providers can better support patients in managing stress-related menstrual irregularities and improving overall reproductive health.

Future Directions in Stress and Menstrual Health Research

The Northwestern Medicine study on stress-induced menstrual changes during the COVID-19 pandemic has opened up new avenues for research in the field of reproductive health. As our understanding of the complex relationship between stress and menstrual cycles continues to evolve, several key areas warrant further investigation.

Promising Research Areas

What are some important directions for future research in stress and menstrual health? Consider these potential areas of focus:

Long-term effects: Longitudinal studies to assess the lasting impact of pandemic-related stress on reproductive health.
Biological mechanisms: In-depth exploration of the physiological pathways through which stress affects menstrual function.
Individual variability: Investigation into why some individuals are more susceptible to stress-induced menstrual changes than others.
Stress reduction interventions: Clinical trials to evaluate the effectiveness of various stress management techniques on menstrual regularity.
Technological solutions: Development and testing of digital health tools for tracking and managing stress-related menstrual issues.
Population-specific studies: Research focusing on how stress affects menstrual health in diverse populations and age groups.
Integrative approaches: Exploration of holistic treatments combining conventional medicine with complementary therapies for managing stress and menstrual health.

Advancing research in these areas will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of stress-related menstrual irregularities and inform better strategies for prevention and management.

Empowering Individuals: Self-Care for Menstrual Health

While healthcare providers play a crucial role in managing stress-related menstrual issues, empowering individuals with knowledge and tools for self-care is equally important. By taking an active role in their menstrual health, women and people who menstruate can better navigate the challenges posed by stress and maintain overall well-being.

Effective Self-Care Strategies

What self-care practices can individuals adopt to support their menstrual health during stressful times? Consider implementing these strategies:

Tracking menstrual cycles: Using apps or journals to monitor cycle length, flow, and symptoms can help identify stress-related changes early.
Stress awareness: Practicing mindfulness to recognize stress triggers and physical responses can inform timely interventions.
Lifestyle adjustments: Making conscious choices in diet, exercise, and sleep habits to support hormonal balance and stress resilience.
Self-compassion: Cultivating a kind and understanding attitude towards oneself, especially during times of menstrual irregularities.
Seeking support: Reaching out to friends, family, or support groups to share experiences and coping strategies.
Educating oneself: Staying informed about menstrual health and stress management through reputable sources.
Setting boundaries: Learning to say no and prioritizing self-care to manage stress levels effectively.
Exploring relaxation techniques: Experimenting with various stress-reduction methods to find what works best individually.

By incorporating these self-care practices, individuals can take proactive steps towards maintaining menstrual health and overall well-being, even in the face of stressful circumstances.

The Broader Impact: Stress, Menstrual Health, and Society

The connection between stress and menstrual health extends beyond individual experiences, having broader implications for society as a whole. Recognizing and addressing these wider impacts is crucial for developing comprehensive approaches to public health and social policy.

Societal Considerations

How does the relationship between stress and menstrual health affect society at large? Several key areas warrant attention:

Workplace policies: The need for menstrual leave and flexible work arrangements to accommodate stress-related menstrual issues.
Education system: Incorporating menstrual health education, including stress management, into school curricula.
Healthcare access: Ensuring equitable access to menstrual health services, including stress management resources.
Economic impact: Considering the potential economic effects of stress-related menstrual issues on workforce productivity.
Social norms: Challenging stigma and promoting open dialogue about menstrual health and stress.
Research funding: Allocating resources for continued research into stress and reproductive health.
Policy development: Creating policies that support menstrual health and stress reduction at national and local levels.

Addressing these societal aspects can contribute to a more supportive environment for menstrual health and overall well-being, benefiting individuals and communities alike.

Stress of COVID-19 pandemic caused irregular menstrual cycles, study found — ScienceDaily

Women and people who menstruate experienced irregularities in their menstrual cycle because of increased stress during the COVID-19 pandemic, a new Northwestern Medicine study has found.

This is the first U.S. study to evaluate the impact of stress on peoples’ periods.

The study surveyed more than 200 women and people who menstruate in the United States between July and August 2020 in order to better understand how stress during the COVID-19 pandemic influenced their menstrual cycles. More than half (54%) of the individuals in the study experienced changes in their menstrual cycle following the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020.

Individuals who experienced higher levels of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic were more likely to experience heavier menstrual bleeding and a longer duration of their period, compared to individuals with moderate stress levels, the study found.

The study, “Impact of Stress on Menstrual Cyclicity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey Study,” was published September 28 in the Journal of Women’s Health. It provides a better understanding of how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted women’s mental and reproductive health, the study authors said.

“We know added stress can negatively impact our overall health and well-being, but for women and people who menstruate, stress can also disrupt normal menstrual cycle patterns and overall reproductive health,” said lead and corresponding author Nicole Woitowich, research assistant professor of medical social sciences at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.

Prior research has found that menstrual cycle irregularities are often reported by women who experience mood disorders such as anxiety and depression, or by those who are facing acute life stressors such as natural disasters, displacement, famine or defection.

“Given the unprecedented nature of the pandemic and its significant impact on mental health, this data is unsurprising and confirms many anecdotal reports in the popular press and on social media,” Woitowich said.

Since the onset of the pandemic, social media has been one of the major platforms where women and people who menstruate could share questions or concerns about their menstrual cycles. Only recently have these concerns been addressed by the biomedical research community.

“Reproductive health should not be ignored in the context of COVID-19,” Woitowich said. “We are already seeing the ripple effects of what happens when we fail to consider this important facet of women’s health as many are now experiencing menstrual cycle irregularities as a result of the COVID-19 vaccines or COVID-19 infection.”

Other Northwestern co-authors include Dr. Kara Goldman, associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology (reproductive endocrinology and infertility) at Feinberg, and former Feinberg students Noelle Ozimek, Karen Velez, Hannah Anvari and Lauren Butler.

Story Source:

Materials provided by Northwestern University. Original written by Kristin Samuelson. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

Irregular Periods (for Teens) – Nemours Kidshealth

What Are Irregular Periods?

Even though girls get their periods on a cycle, that cycle can take different amounts of time each month. For example, a girl might get her period after 24 days one month and after 42 days the next. These are called irregular periods.

Irregular periods are very common, especially in a girl’s first few years of getting her period.

What Are Regular Periods?

Most girls get their first period between the ages of 10 and 15, but some get it earlier and some later. The first period is known as menarche (pronounced: MEN-ar-kee).

A girl’s monthly cycle is the number of days from the start of her period to the start of the next time she gets her period. You often hear this is a 28-day cycle. But 28 is just an average figure that doctors use. Cycle lengths vary — some are 24 days, some are 34 days. And a girl may notice that her cycles are different lengths each month — especially for the few years after she first starts getting her period.

Early in a girl’s cycle, her ovaries start preparing one egg. At the same time, the lining of the uterus becomes thick to prepare a nesting place for a fertilized egg in the event that the girl becomes pregnant.

About 2 weeks before a girl gets her period, the egg is released from the ovary (this is called ovulation). The egg travels through the fallopian tube into the uterus. If the egg isn’t fertilized by sperm, it starts to fall apart. Then the lining and egg leave a girl’s body as her period and the whole thing starts all over again — that’s why we use the word “cycle.” The first day a girl’s period comes is Day 1 of her cycle.

A girl’s body may not follow an exact schedule. It’s common, especially in the first 2 years after a girl starts getting her period, to skip periods or to have irregular periods. Illness, rapid weight change, or stress can also make things more unpredictable. That’s because the part of the brain that regulates periods is influenced by events like these. Going on a trip or having a major change in schedule can also make your period come at a different time than expected. All of this is perfectly normal.

It’s also normal for the number of days a girl has her period to vary. Sometimes a girl may bleed for 2 days, sometimes it may last a week. That’s because the level of hormones the body makes can be different from one cycle to the next, and this affects the amount and length of bleeding.

If My Period Is Irregular, How Do I Know When I Will Get It?

If your cycle is not regular, you’ll want to pay attention to the clues your body may give you that your period is coming soon. These may include:

back cramps or stiffness
heavier breasts or breast soreness
headaches
acne breakouts
disturbed sleep patterns
mood swings
bloating
loose stools

How Can I Be Prepared?

Keep some pads or tampons in your backpack or purse, just so you’ll have them handy in case your period comes when you’re not expecting it. You may even want to carry an extra pair of underwear.

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What Causes Irregular Periods?

Most of the time, irregular periods are part of the normal changes that can happen when you’re a teen. As you get older, your cycle will probably settle into a recognizable pattern.

Sometimes, irregular periods can be caused by some medicines, exercising too much, having a very low or high body weight, or not eating enough calories.

Hormone imbalances can also cause irregular periods. For example, thyroid hormone levels that are too low or too high can cause problems with periods. Some girls have extra androgen, a hormone that can cause hair growth on the face, chin, chest, and abdomen. Extra androgen can also makes girls gain weight and have irregular periods.

Girls who are pregnant also will not get their periods.

Should I Worry About Irregular Periods?

Talk to your doctor if you have had sex and have missed a period because you could be pregnant. Also let the doctor know if:

You were having regular periods that then become irregular.
You stop getting your period.
You have extra hair growth on the face, chin, chest, or abdomen.
You start having periods that last longer than 7 days, are heavy, or are coming more often than every 21 days.
Your period comes less often than every 45 days.
You have severe cramping or abdominal pain.
You have bleeding in between your periods.
Your periods are irregular for 3 years or more.

The doctor may prescribe hormone pills or other medicines, or recommend lifestyle changes that can help you to have regular periods.

10 Causes of Irregular Periods or Heavy Bleeding

Medically Reviewed by Joycelyn C. Schindler, MD

A woman’s regular period (menstruation) can be troublesome but reflects a body that is functioning properly.

“A regular or normal period occurs 21-35 days apart with a flow lasting up to 7 days, requiring a change in pad or tampon no more than once an hour,” says McLeod Gynecologist Dr. Joycelyn Schindler. “Several types of irregularperiods can disrupt a woman’s life – inconsistent periods, heavy bleeding, missed menstruation. Common causes are cancer or cancer treatment, premature ovarian failure or hormone-based treatments. But the list includes many other causes.”

FIBROIDS
Muscle tissues growing into the wall of the uterus are mostly noncancerous but can cause heavy bleeding, extreme enough to cause anemia. Fibroids range in size from an apple seed to a grapefruit and trigger pain in the lower back, legs and pelvis.

ENDOMETRIOSIS
When bits of the uterine lining grow outside the uterus, the condition is called endometriosis. These stray cells could end up elsewhere, such as the ovaries or bowel, causing problems with a women’s period as well as cramping, pain or even infertility. With endometriosis, bitter cramps accompany heavy bleeding during periods and between periods, as well as causing prolonged periods.

PCOS
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome affects about 10% of women aged 15 to 44, causing multiple ovarian cysts and hormonal imbalances, which can lead to irregular periods. Women with PCOS have too much male hormone (androgen) in their system, which hinders normal menstrual cycles.

STRESS
Everyone feels stress at one time or another. When a woman experiences intense stress, her body floods with cortisol hormone. A cortisol excess restricts the body’s ability to generate the hormones needed for regular periods. The result is periods too frequently or missed periods due to abnormal ovulation.

THYROID
A 2015 study found that 44% of women with menstrual irregularities also suffered from thyroid disorders. In addition to helping stimulate your ovaries, thyroid hormones help control your appetite and energy. An underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism) causes heavier, longer periods, increased cramps, fatigue and weight gain. An overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) creates shorter periods along with sudden weight loss, anxiety and heart palpitations.

WEIGHT
Obesity impacts hormone and insulin levels, causing irregular periods. Yo-yo dieting and eating disorders, such as bulimia or anorexia nervosa, that leave a person with a Body Mass Index of less than 18.5 has the potential of creating hormonal havoc.

EXERCISE
Everyone needs moderate exercise to stay healthy and control our weight. However, too much exercise as experienced by long-distance runners or ballet dancers might cause a woman to stop having periods at all (amenorrhea).

ACTIONS YOU CAN TAKE
If you’re experiencing excessive or too little bleeding during your period or if you’re experiencing too many or too few periods, talk with your OB/GYN. As you can see from this list, there are many potential causes of irregular periods and your menstruation many not be the only effect of these problems.

Find a Gynecologist near you.

Sources include: McLeod Health, US Department of Health & Human Services, Prevention, Medical News Today, National Institutes of Health, American College of Obstetrics & Gynecology

Missed or Irregular Periods | HealthLink BC

Have you missed any periods, or have your periods been irregular?

Irregular means different than what is normal for you (more or less often, longer or shorter, heavier or lighter).

Yes

Missed or irregular periods

How old are you?

Less than 15 years

15 to 25 years

26 to 55 years

56 years or older

Are you male or female?

Why do we ask this question?

The medical assessment of symptoms is based on the body parts you have.

If you are transgender or non-binary, choose the sex that matches the body parts (such as ovaries, testes, prostate, breasts, penis, or vagina) you now have in the area where you are having symptoms.
If your symptoms aren’t related to those organs, you can choose the gender you identify with.
If you have some organs of both sexes, you may need to go through this triage tool twice (once as “male” and once as “female”). This will make sure that the tool asks the right questions for you.

Are you pregnant?

Yes, you know that you’re pregnant.

Pregnancy

No, you’re not pregnant, or you’re not sure if you’re pregnant.

Pregnancy

Do you feel light-headed or dizzy, like you are going to faint?

It’s normal for some people to feel a little light-headed when they first stand up. But anything more than that may be serious.

Do you have new pain in your lower belly, pelvis, or genital area that is different than your usual menstrual cramps?

Yes

Lower abdominal, pelvic, or genital pain

How bad is the pain on a scale of 0 to 10, if 0 is no pain and 10 is the worst pain you can imagine?

8 to 10: Severe pain

Severe pain

5 to 7: Moderate pain

Moderate pain

1 to 4: Mild pain

Mild pain

Have you started having periods?

Yes

Has started menstrual periods

Do you think that a medicine could be affecting your periods?

Think about whether the problems started when you began taking a new medicine or a higher dose of a medicine.

Yes

Medicine may be causing symptoms

Is there any chance that you could be pregnant?

Yes

Possibility of pregnancy

Has a home pregnancy test shown that you are pregnant?

This means the result is positive.

Yes

Positive home pregnancy test

Have you been planning to get pregnant?

Yes

Preparing for pregnancy

Do you use a form of birth control that contains hormones?

This could be birth control pills, vaginal rings, skin patches, injections, or an IUD that contains hormones.

Yes

Hormonal birth control method

Have your periods been different than what your doctor told you to expect with your birth control?

This could mean that they are lighter or heavier or that you have missed periods when you weren’t expecting to.

Yes

Periods are different than expected with birth control

Have you missed two periods for no clear reason, such as pregnancy?

If a recent home pregnancy test has said that you are not pregnant, then there is no clear reason for your missed periods.

Yes

Two missed periods without obvious cause

Have your problems lasted more than 2 cycles?

Yes

Problems have lasted more than 2 cycles

Many things can affect how your body responds to a symptom and what kind of care you may need. These include:

Your age. Babies and older adults tend to get sicker quicker.
Your overall health. If you have a condition such as diabetes, HIV, cancer, or heart disease, you may need to pay closer attention to certain symptoms and seek care sooner.
Medicines you take. Certain medicines, such as blood thinners (anticoagulants), medicines that suppress the immune system like steroids or chemotherapy, or natural health products can cause symptoms or make them worse.
Recent health events, such as surgery or injury. These kinds of events can cause symptoms afterwards or make them more serious.
Your health habits and lifestyle, such as eating and exercise habits, smoking, alcohol or drug use, sexual history, and travel.

Try Home Treatment

You have answered all the questions. Based on your answers, you may be able to take care of this problem at home.

Try home treatment to relieve the symptoms.
Call your doctor if symptoms get worse or you have any concerns (for example, if symptoms are not getting better as you would expect). You may need care sooner.

Pain in adults and older children

Severe pain (8 to 10): The pain is so bad that you can’t stand it for more than a few hours, can’t sleep, and can’t do anything else except focus on the pain.
Moderate pain (5 to 7): The pain is bad enough to disrupt your normal activities and your sleep, but you can tolerate it for hours or days. Moderate can also mean pain that comes and goes even if it’s severe when it’s there.
Mild pain (1 to 4): You notice the pain, but it is not bad enough to disrupt your sleep or activities.

Shock is a life-threatening condition that may quickly occur after a sudden illness or injury.

Adults and older children often have several symptoms of shock. These include:

Passing out (losing consciousness).
Feeling very dizzy or light-headed, like you may pass out.
Feeling very weak or having trouble standing.
Not feeling alert or able to think clearly. You may be confused, restless, fearful, or unable to respond to questions.

Many prescription and non-prescription medicines can affect the menstrual cycle. A few examples are:

Aspirin and other medicines (called blood thinners) that prevent blood clots.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen (for example, Advil or Motrin) and naproxen (for example, Aleve).
Hormonal forms of birth control, such as birth control pills, Depo-Provera injections, and the levonorgestrel IUD (Mirena).
Hormone therapy.
Medicines used to treat cancer (chemotherapy).
Thyroid medicines.

Seek Care Today

Based on your answers, you may need care soon. The problem probably will not get better without medical care.

Call your doctor today to discuss the symptoms and arrange for care.
If you cannot reach your doctor or you don’t have one, seek care today.
If it is evening, watch the symptoms and seek care in the morning.
If the symptoms get worse, seek care sooner.

Seek Care Now

Based on your answers, you may need care right away. The problem is likely to get worse without medical care.

Call your doctor now to discuss the symptoms and arrange for care.
If you cannot reach your doctor or you don’t have one, seek care in the next hour.
You do not need to call an ambulance unless:
- You cannot travel safely either by driving yourself or by having someone else drive you.
- You are in an area where heavy traffic or other problems may slow you down.

Make an Appointment

Based on your answers, the problem may not improve without medical care.

Make an appointment to see your doctor in the next 1 to 2 weeks.
If appropriate, try home treatment while you are waiting for the appointment.
If symptoms get worse or you have any concerns, call your doctor. You may need care sooner.

Call 911 Now

Based on your answers, you need emergency care.

Call 911 or other emergency services now.

Sometimes people don’t want to call 911. They may think that their symptoms aren’t serious or that they can just get someone else to drive them. But based on your answers, the safest and quickest way for you to get the care you need is to call 911 for medical transport to the hospital.

Pregnancy-Related Problems

What Causes Irregular Periods? | U by Kotex

by Dr. Aliza

Get to know the common causes of irregular periods.

While most women aren’t exactly excited about menstruation, most realize the importance of this bleeding when, suddenly, one month it either doesn’t appear or it shows up when least expected. What’s going on when you have irregular periods? Or why do they suddenly stop? Let’s start by understanding the mechanics of the menstrual cycle.

During a woman’s fertile life, the eggs mature within the ovaries in a cycle that typically lasts 28 days (this varies from woman to woman and even from period to period). On day five of the cycle, about twenty eggs start to mature in the follicles of the ovaries. Each of these follicles is like a tiny fluid-filled sac. As day fourteen approaches, one follicle has generally matured earlier than the others and releases its mature egg to be fertilized. What happens to the other follicles? They shrivel up and are reabsorbed by the body. But the mature follicle transforms into what is known as a “corpus luteum,” which is responsible for producing the hormone progesterone to prepare the uterus to receive the fertilized egg.

If the egg is not fertilized, it disintegrates and dies. Likewise, the corpus luteum withers. This causes the uterus to shed its lining, the endometrium, causing the bleeding of menstruation.

What is a regular menstrual cycle? Having a regular cycle means that the interval between periods is consistent. As mentioned earlier, it’s usually 28 days, but depending on the individual woman, can range from every 20 to every 35 days.
What is an irregular menstrual cycle? Having an irregular cycle means that the interval between periods varies each month. That is, sometimes they come every 28 days, sometimes every 20, sometimes every 30.

Having irregular periods is very common. I see them in my practice all the time. The causes can range from something insignificant to something that requires treatment. For example, if you’re a teen, your body’s hormones can fluctuate and take some time until they find a balance. Therefore, it’s normal to have an irregular period during adolescence or, sometimes, for your period not to arrive in a given month.

But, before we get down to business, remember that the main cause for your period not to arrive is a pregnancy. So, if your period doesn’t arrive, check to make sure it’s not actually a baby on the way.

Now, let’s look at the most common causes of irregular periods:

Eating disorders, like anorexia and bulimia
Excessive weight gain or weight loss; extreme thinness and obesity both cause your menstrual cycle to become irregular or even to disappear
Stress or emotional problems
Hormonal problems, for example, when the thyroid malfunctions
Travel
Over-exercising: If you’re an athlete and train very hard, you may stop menstruating because your body wants to survive and save energy and menstruation requires energy
Problems with the pelvic organs (such as polycystic ovarian syndrome, for example)
Drugs like birth-control pills can affect the frequency and / or intensity of menstruation
Breastfeeding

Irregular periods or a stop of menstruation can be due to a condition called “premature ovarian failure” which causes a woman to stop having her period before age 40. This can be caused by radiation, surgery or chemotherapy, in the case of a woman with cancer.

Don’t forget that if you are sexually active and don’t want to get pregnant, you should use a birth control method you can trust so that irregular periods don’t bring you an unexpected surprise. Also, remember that even if your period goes away for a while, this does not mean you cannot become pregnant. You are still at risk! If you’re not planning to have a baby, be careful!

And, as always, I recommend that you consult your healthcare provider if you have questions about what’s causing your irregular periods. That way you’ll be ahead of the game if it’s being caused by a serious condition that requires treatment. Remember, your health comes first!

12 Top Causes Of Irregular Periods

Having your period is one of those things you learn to expect will happen to you every single month, for 30 or so years of your life. It’s just part of the deal (burden?) of having a female reproductive system. For some, though, their monthly flow is unpredictable. Even for the lucky ones who get it like clockwork, irregularity strikes every now and then, throwing your monthly planning for a loop.

“In general, a menstrual cycle is considered normal if it happens every 21 to 35 days,” Michael Cackovic, M.D., an ob/gyn and associate professor of medicine at the Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, tells SELF. For most women, their period then lasts from four to seven days. Your “normal” will likely be different from your friends’, and that’s perfectly OK. “The thing I always tell patients is that it’s really about your own perspective. If it feels like it’s abnormal and it’s bothering you, then it is,” Cackovic says. It’s important to recognize what your typical menstrual cycle looks like, not only so you know when to toss some tampons in your bag, but so you can make sure your body’s functioning as it should be.

Period irregularities are very common—”they’re the reason for about one third of all visits to the gynecologist,” Cackovic says—and chances are you’ll experience them at one time or another during your reproductive years. “Irregular” can refer to the schedule, frequency, or duration of your period. It can also be about the amount of bleeding you experience, and/or the amount of pain you feel during that time of the month.

There are a ton of different things that can make your period irregular. Here are some of the most likely.

1. Thyroid disease

If your period becomes more frequent and lighter, it can be a sign of hypothyroidism. Less frequent and heavier is a symptom of hyperthyroidism. Thyroid disease is most common in women, and typically is diagnosed in your 20s or 30s, so developing an irregular cycle during this time in life can be a sign you may have a thyroid problem.

2. Stress

Stress can cause something called anovulation, when your body does not release an egg every month like it’s supposed to. Cackovic says he saw this happening while serving as a physician with the Navy Reserve in Afghanistan. “I didn’t go over there to work as a gynecologist, but I ended up holding a gynecology clinic because there were so many women [in the U.S. military] with menstrual irregularities,” he says. “Some of this was just due to the extreme stress” they were experiencing serving there, he explains. When your body produces way more cortisol than usual, it can interfere with the balance of sex hormones that are responsible for regulating ovulation. Being chronically sleep deprived can also impact hormone regulation and throw off your cycle.

3. Traveling overseas

Crossing time zones can throw your hormones off similarly to the way stress does, Cackovic explains. “Some women are more susceptible than others,” he says. Irregularities can also happen if you travel somewhere with such a large time difference that you accidentally take two birth control pills in one day or skip a day.

4. Polycystic ovary syndrome

Sporadic, unpredictable periods are a hallmark sign of PCOS, a hormonal imbalance that interferes with the body’s ability to ovulate normally. If you begin to skip periods completely, it could be a sign of PCOS or even another hormonal imbalance. PCOS is also the most common cause of infertility in women in the U.S., yet millions have it without knowing—so seeking treatment sooner rather than later is a smart part of family planning.

5. Early menopause or premature ovarian failure

As your ovaries age, ovulation starts to happen earlier in your cycle, Alan B. Copperman, M.D., director of the division of reproductive endocrinology and infertility at Mount Sinai Hospital and medical director of Reproductive Medicine Associates of New York, tells SELF. After a few months of your period coming earlier each time, you may end up skipping a month. Typically this happens to women in their 40s as perimenopause begins, but when it happens in your 20s or 30s, it can be a sign your ovaries are declining earlier than usual. “In a woman with no risk factors, if she starts having cycle irregularity, it’s more likely to be PCOS,” Copperman says. But since ovulating less frequently is a sign of ovarian aging and one of the first signs of perimenopause, it’s a possibility you’ll want to rule out.

6. Uterine fibroids and polyps

These growths in the uterus are typically benign, but they can cause your period to be very heavy and painful. They can also cause spotting. While all women of childbearing age are susceptible to developing them, they’re more common in women who are overweight or African American. “Fifty percent of African American women have fibroids,” Cackovic says.

7. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

PID is an infection of the reproductive organs, and is usually caused by STIs like chlamydia and gonorrhea, which can travel up into the body when undetected and untreated. Other gynecologic procedures, pregnancy, or having a miscarriage or abortion can also potentially allow bacteria to reach the reproductive organs. These infections can lead to scarring in the reproductive tract, and ultimately, infertility. Along with a change in vaginal discharge, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, and fever, PID can also make your period irregular. If your cycle is off and you notice any of these other problems, get checked out ASAP.

8. Endometriosis

Women with endometriosis tend to have very heavy periods. Some may also have very painful periods, while others don’t experience pain at all. Since the condition usually develops a few years after a girl’s first period, those suffering from it may just think their periods are normal. In some women, endometriosis tissue may build up or even spread over time, which can amplify symptoms and cause periods to become more painful or heavier than usual. The condition can also cause spotting, according to the Mayo Clinic.

9. Gaining or losing a lot of weight

Significant changes in weight can impact your pituitary gland, in turn creating a hormone imbalance and messing with your body’s ability to ovulate. Getting back to a healthy weight, though, can fix this (granted there isn’t a deeper underlying cause).

10. Extreme exercise

An intense exercise regimen can cause athletic amenorrhea, or an abnormal absence of menstruation. Research suggests that the stress and energy demands intense exercise puts on the body can impact hormones and throw them off balance.

11. Birth control pills

Birth control pills use a combination of estrogen and progestin (some pills are progestin only) to prevent ovulation. Whenever you start a new type of oral contraceptive or go off another, it can make your period irregular for up to a few months as your body adjusts to its new, pill-directed cycle. Also, many birth control pills have very low estrogen content, which can cause irregular bleeding. “In the 60s, most birth control pills had high estrogen content, which made them more dangerous, but women had much better control of bleeding,” Cackovic explains. “Over the last 40 or 50 years, pills have gone down in estrogen and it’s made them safer, but women are more susceptible to abnormal bleeding.”

12. Other medications

Anticoagulants (blood thinners) like heparin or warfarin can make your period heavier. Some antipsychotics, antidepressants, and the drug methadone can also cause irregular periods. If a new medication seems to be messing with your cycle, talk about it with your prescribing doctor.

How Much Does Your Period Cost?:

Irregular Menstrual Cycle: Irregular Period

At one time or another, most women experience an irregular menstrual cycle. While regular for some women may be every four weeks, the length between cycles will vary between individuals. However, most women get their period every 21-35 days.

Inconsistency often isn’t something to cause concern. In most cases it is due to a hormonal imbalance, which can be normalized with medication, such as birth control.

Sangeeta Senapati, MD, Endoscopic Surgeon at NorthShore, shares some of the causes of irregular menstrual cycles:

Stress. Being anxious and tense can impact your hormones, thereby affecting your cycle.
Medication. Depending on the types of medications you are on, your cycle may be impacted. If you recently began using birth control or have switched this medication, it is also not uncommon for your cycle to change in frequency, flow and length.
Tobacco and alcohol use. Cigarette smoking can cause a shortening of your menstrual cycle. Women who smoke are also more likely to have painful periods. Alcohol can disrupt the menstrual cycle and prevent a woman from ovulating. This may mean delayed or skipped menses.
Excessive exercise. Those training for endurance sports (such as marathons) often experience missed periods or loss of menses entirely. This may occur due to decrease in body fat and overall increase in the body’s stress level, which causes a hormonal imbalance.
Change in weight – through a weight gain or loss. A decrease in body fat below 15% may lead to a decrease in female hormones, which can cause delay and loss of menstruation. Obesity may lead to menstrual problems as well causing women to have fewer menses than normal. Women who are overweight may also have longer and heavier menses due to the excess estrogen that is associated with weight gain.
Diet. Poor nutrition – either due to an eating disorder or not – can cause women to skip cycles. Diets high in carbohydrates may also impact menstruation.
Pregnancy. It is important to remember that you can still become pregnant even if you are not menstruating regularly.
Onset of menopause. Menopause has officially occurred when it has been 12 months since your last menstrual period. The average age of menopause is 51-52. The perimenopausal period often begins in a woman’s 40’s. Some signs of the perimenopausal period may include irregular menses, hot flashes/night sweats, vaginal dryness and sleep disturbances.

If you experience consistently irregular menstrual cycles it may be worthwhile to consult your physician.

Have you ever had an irregular period?

Hormonal disruptions in women | Family Clinic A-Media

From puberty to menopause, every woman’s body undergoes cyclical hormonal changes. A decrease or increase in the concentration of sex hormones can affect the state of your reproductive system and the whole body as a whole. Hormonal failure in women is a rather complex process that requires careful examination and adjustment in order to avoid the development of severe consequences.

The role of hormones in the female body

The female hormonal system functions under the control of the cerebral cortex.The secretion of sex hormones is regulated by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, which also synthesize their own hormones.
The pituitary gland produces several hormones that affect your reproductive system:

follicle-stimulating hormone that promotes egg maturation and estrogen synthesis,
luteinizing hormone that controls ovulation and progesterone production,
.

The main female sex hormones are estrogens and progesterone, which are synthesized in the ovaries.Absolutely all stages of the hormonal system in a woman’s body are interconnected, and a violation of the concentration of one hormone entails other changes in the hormonal status.

The main types of hormonal disorders

Hormonal disorders in your body can manifest themselves in completely different ways. The most common forms of hormonal disruption include amenorrhea, premenstrual and climacteric syndromes.

Amenorrhea is the absence of menstruation in girls and women of childbearing age.This condition in its primary form usually occurs due to a deficiency of hormones produced by the ovaries. The function of the ovaries can be impaired due to hereditary developmental abnormalities, tumor diseases, lesions of the hypothalamus, etc. Secondary amenorrhea is often the result of chronic stress, physical and mental fatigue. Surgical interventions in the ovarian area and neoplastic diseases can also provoke the absence of menstruation.
If we talk about premenstrual syndrome , then its main cause is the increased production of estrogen in the period immediately before menstruation.Normally, everything should be the other way around: the level of progesterone gradually increases, while the concentration of estrogen decreases. If the ratio of hormones is disturbed before the onset of menstruation, you can experience severe headaches, mood swings, irritability and even outbursts of aggression.
After forty-five years in a woman’s body, the production of sex hormones is significantly reduced and the climax is . By the age of fifty, in most cases, menstruation has completely stopped.Very often this condition is accompanied by a number of unpleasant manifestations, which in medicine are combined under the term “ climacteric syndrome “. Hot flashes, mood swings, throbbing headaches, and heart palpitations are all signs of hormonal imbalances that can make your life much more difficult.

Signs of hormonal imbalance

Manifestations of hormonal imbalance depend on the woman’s age and the state of her health in general. Violation of the ratio of hormones can occur due to prolonged stress, physical and mental overwork, infectious and oncological diseases, etc.e. You can suspect a hormonal failure by the following signs:

menstrual irregularities – irregular periods, changes in their duration and abundance;
dysfunctional uterine bleeding – profuse or spotting discharge from the genital tract outside of menstruation;
coarsening of the voice and hirsutism (excess hair growth on the face and body) – these signs usually indicate an excess of male sex hormones androgens in your body;
obesity – rapid weight gain is one of the most common signs of a violation of the ratio of female sex hormones.However, you may notice weight gain even on a strict diet;
decreased libido – if the concentration of sex hormones is impaired, it is possible that you may lose interest in sexuality;
Deterioration of the skin condition – excessive dryness or, conversely, oily skin, as well as the appearance of acne, may indicate a hormonal imbalance.

Examination and treatment in our clinic

In our clinic you can always undergo a comprehensive examination by an experienced gynecologist-endocrinologist in order to identify the exact cause of hormonal disorders and exclude organic pathologies that could provoke a violation of the hormone ratio.

We determine the level of hormones using a special blood test; it may also require an examination of internal organs that could have suffered due to hormonal imbalance.

The doctor will prescribe a course of treatment for you on an individual basis. First of all, it is necessary to eliminate the cause that caused the pathological condition. If it is impossible to eliminate it, as, for example, with menopause, then, most likely, hormone replacement therapy will be prescribed.

If the cause of the hormonal failure in women of reproductive age was not a serious somatic illness, then in most cases the treatment with hormonal drugs helps to eliminate the problem.

Possible complications if left untreated

If you notice symptoms of hormonal imbalance in yourself, we recommend that you do not postpone your visit to our doctor. The fact is that if you let the situation go by itself, do not correct the hormonal background, serious consequences are possible:

development of benign neoplasms of the mammary glands and organs of the reproductive system;
polycystic ovary disease;
atherosclerosis;
early pregnancy miscarriages;
infertility;
development of malignant neoplasms, etc.e.

As you know, most diseases of the female reproductive system are hormone-dependent. It is a hormonal imbalance that often becomes a triggering factor for the occurrence of precancerous conditions, which subsequently develop into cancer. Also hormonal imbalance is one of the most common causes of infertility. In order to prevent the development and rapid progression of such pathologies, you need to take care of your own health, especially when it comes to hormones.

Symptoms and treatment by specialists from the CIRPP in Moscow

Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder that requires treatment. It is characterized primarily by the following symptoms: excessive concentration on your weight, figure; desire to lose weight. Weight loss is achieved by the patient himself by avoiding food that is “fat” and one or more of the following:

Inducing vomiting;
taking laxatives;
excessive gymnastic exercise;
Use of appetite suppressants and / or diuretics.

At the same time, body weight remains at least 15% lower than expected (a higher level was reduced, or was not achieved) or body mass index is 17.5 or lower (this index is determined by the formula BMI = body weight, kg / height, sq. m). In prepubertal age, there may be an inability to gain weight during growth.

Distortion of the image of his body takes a specific psychopathological form, in which the fear of gaining body weight remains as an obsessive and / or overvalued idea, and the patient considers only low weight acceptable for himself.Severe weight loss leads to various complications, the most important of which are amenorrhea (menstrual irregularities due to hormone production disorders), low blood pressure, heart rhythm disturbances, constipation, edema, anemia.

Treatment of anorexia nervosa

Treatment of anorexia nervosa uses an integrated approach: drugs and psychotherapy, depending on the symptoms. The most modern approaches in diet therapy are also used. An individual meal plan is developed for each patient.Nutrition skills are being developed.

Psychotherapeutic techniques:

individual psychotherapy sessions
group sessions using dialectical behavioral therapy (teaching emotional regulation skills, experiencing stressful situations, communication skills)
multi-family psychotherapy for relatives and friends of the patient

in various formats: round-the-clock hospital, day hospital, outpatient treatment.At the stages of day hospital and outpatient treatment, telephone support is provided to patients throughout the entire treatment period.

Symptoms and signs of anorexia nervosa

Emotional and behavioral signs:

Severe weight loss.
The person puts on several layers of clothing in an attempt to hide changes in weight or to keep warm.
A person is very concerned about their weight, food choices, calories, fat content in foods and diets.
A person refuses certain foods.This can be followed by avoiding whole groups of different foods (for example, avoiding carbohydrates).
A person can constantly talk about how it seems to him that he is “fat”, even though in fact he is only losing weight.
Complaints of constipation, abdominal pain, poor cold tolerance, severe fatigue and lack of energy.
A person can deny that they are hungry.
The emergence of peculiar food rituals: for example, a person eats food only in a certain order, tries to chew everything thoroughly, puts food on a plate, etc.e.
A person prepares food for others, but does not eat himself.
A person may skip meals or try to avoid any food situation under various pretexts.
One of the symptoms of anorexia is the urge to “burn” the calories you have accumulated.
Excessively frequent sports, which a person does not refuse, regardless of the weather, fatigue or even injury.
A person moves away from former acquaintances, becomes secretive, gives up his usual activities, gradually isolating himself.
A person is nervous if they have to eat in public.
A person stops taking initiative in communicating with people.
The person cannot or does not want to maintain a weight that is considered normal for his age, height and constitution.
Strong fear of gaining excess weight, “getting fat” – even despite the obvious lack of weight.
Impaired perception of your weight and your figure, inadequate influence of weight and figure on self-esteem or denial that excessively low weight can become a health problem.
Post-pubertal girls (16-18 years old) may stop having their periods.
Feeling of unproductiveness, impossibility to achieve results.
Strong need for control.
A very rigid, unyielding way of thinking.
Strongly suppressed emotions, lack of initiative.

Physical signs:

Stomach cramps and other problems with the gastrointestinal tract (constipation, acid reflux, etc.).
Violation of the menstrual cycle – amenorrhea (absence of menstruation), irregular menstruation or menstruation only when taking hormonal contraceptives (such menstruation is not considered “real”).
Difficulty concentrating, not amenable to standard treatment.
Noticeable deviations from the norm in the results of laboratory tests (anemia, low amount of thyroid hormones, potassium, lowered red blood cells, hemoglobin, etc., lowered heart rate).
Vertigo.
Fainting.
The person is constantly cold.
Sleep disorder.
Cuts or hardening of the skin on the fingertips (from frequent calls to vomit).
Dental problems.Erosion of enamel, caries, increased tooth sensitivity.
Dry skin.
Dry and brittle nails.
Swelling in the area of the salivary glands.
The appearance of a fluffy hairline in various places on the body (lanugo).
Caries, discoloration of teeth due to vomiting.
Muscle weakness.
Yellow skin tone (when eating a lot of carrots).
Cold, blotchy hands or feet, also swollen feet.
Wounds heal worse than usual.
Impaired immune system function.

The sooner symptoms are noticed, the higher the person’s chance of successful treatment. Therefore, it is very important to know what are the signs that a person is suffering from this nervous disorder. Not all of the above signs will necessarily be in the life of one person, because the disorder manifests itself in different ways, so our list should be considered an overview – we want to show what changes in behavior occur in people with anorexia.If you have complaints about your own health or you are worried about someone from your loved ones, then seek professional medical help at the TsIRPP clinic in Moscow.

Sources used in the text: https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/learn/by-eating-disorder/anorexia/warning-signs-symptoms

Nutritional experts explain what and how to eat to reduce stress … Nike RU

Your brain is responsible for your cognitive functions – for example, the ability to remember, complete and complete an assignment given by a teacher or boss – as well as regulate emotions.“When food enters your digestive tract, messages are sent to your brain that either increase or decrease your mental performance and affect your well-being,” says Katherine Heisbert, a board-certified nutritionist and natural chef in Vancouver. province of British Columbia.

“More specifically, everything we eat is either recognized by our body (easily digested and converted into energy) or not recognized (and can cause stomach discomfort),” explains Catherine.A pie, white bread, a chocolate peanut butter “energy bar” or some other highly processed product makes your body play the role of a detective who figures out how to break down these ingredients and how, in the end, to use this food for the benefit of the body … According to Katherine, this process often causes inflammation, which puts stress on the entire body and jeopardizes the sympathetic nervous system (in other words, triggers a “fight or flight” response), as a result of which you feel terrible.

“This inflammation also affects the interaction between the digestive tract and the brain, making it harder for both of them to function properly,” says Carrie Decker, a naturopathic physician and gastrointestinal dysfunction expert in Portland, Oregon.

“While these symptoms may seem temporary, if you eat that much and regularly provoke some kind of inner conflict, it can lead to chronic stress and inflammation,” says Carrie. “The likely result is a depressed mood, anxiety and irritability, and a decrease in immunity is also possible.”Thank you, we don’t need this.

What are the most common causes of irregular periods?

The typical female period begins at puberty and ends at the beginning of menopause. Both of these cases are controlled by hormones, which also control the length and regularity of a woman’s period throughout her life. Thus, the most common causes of irregular periods are due to varying hormone fluctuations, although other factors such as stress, diet, or certain medical conditions can also have an impact.Periods are considered irregular if they do not occur on an agreed schedule or are outside what is considered the average range determined by healthcare professionals.

Periods usually occur approximately every 23 to 35 days. However, many women only get their periods a few times a year, while others may get their periods multiple times. This is usually not a cause for alarm, because what is common for one woman is not always for another. It is always a good idea to discuss problems with irregular periods with your doctor, because it is important to consider the possible causes of irregular periods to make sure the person is not at risk for health.

Most often, the period of irregularity occurs at the beginning of puberty and at the end of the period when menopause begins. During this time, the body adjusts to changes in hormones that control the onset and end of menstruation. Irregular periods during this time are simply the result of the body’s adaptation to new fluctuations in hormones. Stress is another common cause of irregular periods. When the body is under stress, whether it is physical, mental or emotional stress, the response is to release a hormone called cortisol.This hormone, in turn, can affect estrogen, progesterone, and DHEA, which play a role in menstruation.

Excessive exercise, eating disorders and illness are other common causes of irregular periods. While most causes are not harmful, eating disorders and illness are causes of irregular periods that should be addressed by a doctor. Two health problems associated with irregular periods are polycystic ovary syndrome and uterine abnormalities such as endometriosis.Polycystic ovary disease is a major cause of infertility, and endometriosis can also affect fertility and cause very painful periods. Women should monitor their cycles and inform their doctor when large abnormalities occur so that they can be sure that the disease is not the cause.

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Children’s gynecologist explained how to help a girl on “critical days” – Rossiyskaya Gazeta

How to help a girl on “critical days”? Hormone Treatment: Should You Be Afraid? About this and not only the columnist “RG” talks with the chief pediatric gynecologist of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Professor Elena Uvarova.

Elena Vitalievna, why is the calendar of “critical” days for girls increasingly violated lately?

Elena Uvarova: Yes, unfortunately it is. Irregular periods in most cases are associated with poor nutrition. Modern girls in pursuit of fashion, for compliance with Hollywood standards, at their discretion, go on a particular diet. Parents, to put it mildly, of very thin girls, who are soon 15-16 years old, often turn to me, and their “sick” days have not appeared.Another reason is an unhealthy addiction to strength training and fitness.

But there is another extreme: this is when the need to seize stress develops. Girls seize it in such quantities that it is difficult for them to move because of the extra pounds. And the result is the absence of menstruation when they should already be. Moreover, if they do appear, they pass either irregularly or for an excessively long time.

Here comes a girl like that. Most likely with my mother. What do you prescribe for regulation? Hormones? But they are not devoid of side effects and, probably, not safe?

Elena Uvarova: I prescribe any treatment only after a detailed examination in order to understand the most likely cause of the failure.If, according to the results of the examination, I understand that hormones can help restore the rhythm or are necessary to prevent recurrence of cycle disorders, I individually select the type and duration of the hormonal drug. And if hormones are necessary for treatment, then they are not only not dangerous, but very important at this stage. Although, in addition to hormones, there are other equally effective plant and vitamin-mineral complexes. Everything is individual!

By the way, often failures also occur because girls are simply not psychologically ready for such changes in their bodies, in their lives.

We have created a website for girls and their parents, which can suggest the address of the pediatric gynecologist nearest to the house.

Who should cook? Parents, school? But often all information is from friends or from the Internet.

Elena Uvarova: First of all, mother, grandmother. Or an older sister, if there is one. And at school, unfortunately, they rarely know how to delicately talk about this with girls. For example, in physical education lessons, you cannot force a girl on “critical” days to do a standard set of exercises.But the physical education teacher either does not know about this, or does not want to know.

And what to do?

Elena Uvarova: Super complicated question. I will only say: there should be an atmosphere of trust in the school so that the girls hope that they will be understood and relieved of unnecessary physical exertion on such days.

The girl and her mother know which doctor to go to so that the right drugs are prescribed for her? Even in big cities there are not enough pediatric gynecologists and endocrinologists.Where to go?

Elena Uvarova: Hormones can and should be prescribed by a gynecologist for children and adolescents. In extreme cases, a pediatric endocrinologist. I will note, nevertheless, in many territories there are pediatric gynecologists. And adult gynecologists are specially trained to help in such situations. In addition, we have created a website for girls and their parents, which can suggest the address of the pediatric gynecologist nearest to the house.

I am often approached by women who have various irregularities in the cycle, or those who take hormones to avoid unwanted pregnancies.They turn to because they cannot get to the right specialist, they have no one to consult with. Here came a young mother: after giving birth she was on hormonal contraceptives, but noticed that her hair began to fall out. In panic. It’s good that I can contact you and you will never refuse. As a result, it turned out that the hormones that my colleague has been using for a long time are not suitable for her?

Elena Uvarova: Thank you for your kind words. I am probably from the generation of doctors who simply do not know how to refuse.Indeed, there are still not enough specialists in our profile. And as for this particular case, then yes, I managed to find the most suitable drug for her age and body. But, I will note that the problem with hair was not just associated with the use of hormonal contraceptives.

Hormones have been used since the middle of the last century. I remember that at one time I did an interview with Professor Irina Manuylova, a gynecologist-endocrinologist. It was published under the heading “Hormones – the source of life”.But until now, somehow I cannot completely believe that they are such a “source”. Are they always the best method of contraception and one of the most reliable abortion prophylaxis they say?

Elena Uvarova: If we are discussing hormonal contraceptives, then modern pills are created so as not to harm the health of healthy women, because they have more beneficial effects. Yes, in fact, this is the best alternative to an unwanted pregnancy and even more so to an abortion. However, like any medicine, they have contraindications and side effects.In order to avoid them, you should carefully read the instructions for the drug or ask your gynecologist. This is the case when everything is very clearly and easily spelled out in the instructions. Sometimes there is a situation when it seems that the drug has approached, and in the process of using it, undesirable effects arise. In these cases, you should immediately consult a doctor. But in no case should you cancel the drug yourself. I am talking about this especially, because canceling hormone intake at will can lead to bleeding, which cannot always be quickly stopped.

Hormones are actively used during menopause by both women and men. Is it correct?

Elena Uvarova: A rare woman and a rare man can go through this period without surprises. Sometimes the so-called “hot flashes”, incomprehensible heat throughout the body, depressed mood, irascibility and anger torment for years. Working capacity, sleep, potency are impaired. There is no longer any talk about the quality of life.

And here you also offer hormones?

Elena Uvarova: Not that word.I myself have been taking hormones for 14 years. Moreover, my Ph.D. thesis is devoted to hormone replacement therapy in women of transitional age. Therefore, not only as a practicing gynecologist-endocrinologist, as a scientist, but also as a user of hormonal drugs, I can assure you that their timely and correct intake improves the quality of life, allows you to maintain performance longer and even attractiveness.

Business card

Photo: Arkady Kolybalov / RG

Elena Vitalievna Uvarova was born in Moscow in the family of a physicist and geophysicist.Graduated from the medical faculty of the First Moscow Medical Institute named after Sechenov. Candidate and doctoral dissertations are devoted to the problems of gynecology in women suffering from bleeding, myoma and endometriosis of the uterus, as well as menopause.

From 1980 to the present day he has been working at the Kulakov National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology. Since 1992 – Head of the Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology.

Author of 720 works.Since 2003 – Chief Specialist of the Russian Ministry of Health in Pediatric Gynecology. She is married, she has a son and a granddaughter for 10 years.

Menstrual irregularities – identification of causes and treatment in the Women’s Medical Center “MedOk” – Women’s Medical Center MedOK

Juvenile period.

Most often in adolescents, menstrual irregularities are manifested by so-called juvenile (pubertal) bleeding. This bleeding is caused by hormonal imbalance in the body.Also, a violation is a situation when menstruation has not been established by the age of 15.

The reasons for menstrual irregularities in adolescence are such factors as lack or excess body weight, stress, nervous tension, frequent changes in climatic and time zones, chronic lack of sleep, systematic violation of the daily routine.

Reproductive period.

Most often in the reproductive period, menstrual irregularities are manifested by disruptions in a clear cycle or delays in subsequent menstruation.

Functional cessation of menstrual bleeding sometimes occurs. These physiological changes occur during pregnancy and during breastfeeding in the postpartum period.

The nature and duration of menstrual bleeding is also influenced by the intake of hormonal drugs and the installation of an intrauterine device. Intrauterine contraceptives usually increase monthly bleeding and lengthen it.

Often, a long delay (up to 6-8 weeks) of subsequent menstruation can occur with pathological development of the follicle.Ovulation does not occur, while the follicle continues to grow in size. A cyst is formed, and the hormonal background remains at the level of the first phase of the cycle, in which the inner layer of the endometrium of the uterus grows.

Sometimes with insufficient luteal phase, bleeding occurs during ovulation.

After a spontaneous miscarriage or surgical abortion, functional failures and menstrual irregularities are also very often observed. Menstrual function is usually restored within three months.

Menopause and menopause.

During menopause, menstrual irregularities very often occur, since the number of anovulatory cycles sharply increases, cyclic changes fail, a tendency to delay the next menstruation and irregular bleeding develops.

If uterine bleeding occurs during menopause, this is a rather alarming sign that may indicate the occurrence of a malignant neoplasm.Therefore, if bleeding occurs during menopause, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Delayed menstruation possible causes | Kotex

A delay in menstruation at any age is a nuisance that can make you worry, whatever the possible reason.

First of all, before you start to panic, remember that the human body is not a clock, but variations in the duration of the menstrual cycle is the norm, especially if you are in adolescence and your period began not so long ago, you are approaching menopause or breastfeeding, that is, you are in that period of your life in which the level of hormones in your body changes.

For adult women with a steady cycle, it is normal for a non-recurring deviation from the cycle length up to 7-9 days to occur. About 30% of women have 2-3 such cycles per year. Remember that not only pregnancy or illness can affect the length of your cycle, but also stress, certain medications, poor diet or excessive exercise.

What is latency?

The menstrual cycle is considered delayed if menstruation has not begun within 5 or more days after the day of their expected start.A menstrual cycle is considered skipped if you have not had any menstrual bleeding for more than 6 weeks since the day you last menstruated.

In order to know when you will have your period approximately and if you have a delay, you need to monitor your cycle and know your individual average cycle length. To do this, you need to mark your period from the first to the last day in the calendar or a special application on your phone. The length of the cycle is calculated from the first day of your period to the last day before the next period.

For most women, the cycle evens out over time, but for some it may remain irregular.

Common possible causes of delayed periods:

Pregnancy
Stress
Hormonal imbalance

Delays in adolescents

Pregnancy is the most common cause of delayed periods in adolescents.

If you have had at least one sexual contact with a boyfriend in the past few months and there is a delay, you should see a doctor.

During the first couple of years after the first menstrual period, adolescents may have irregular periods. During this period, the female body is still forming, and often the ovaries may not produce an egg every month. As a result of this, the menstrual cycle can get confused, and menstruation can occur, for example, two weeks after the beginning of the last cycle, or it can occur after 3 months. For the first two years, this may simply be a sign that the development process is still underway.

Delay in women with regular menstrual cycles

If you have a regular menstrual cycle that rarely strays for more than a couple of days, then you only have a chance of getting pregnant if you have had unprotected heterosexual penetrative sex or have a high chance of getting pregnant. that semen may have entered your vagina during the fertile window of your cycle.

Fertile window refers to the period of ovulation and 6 days before it, usually in the middle of your menstrual cycle.

If your period is 9 days behind the estimated start of your period and you have reason to worry, you should take a pregnancy test.

A pregnancy test can already be done after two weeks of the approximate date of your ovulation, but it is worth remembering that the earlier you do the test, the less accurate its results. If the test is negative, and there is still no monthly period, then you should repeat it and consult a doctor for advice.

The sooner you know if you are pregnant or not, the sooner you can plan your next steps.

Delays in women with irregular menstrual cycles

If you have an irregular cycle, meaning you cannot tell when your next period will begin approximately or the difference between your longest cycle and the shortest one over a week, then unprotected sex or contact with sperm is undesirable for you at any time in your cycle if you do not want to become pregnant.

You can have a pregnancy test two weeks after you have had unprotected sex. If the result is negative, and there is no menstruation for another week, then it makes sense to try to do a home pregnancy test from another manufacturer, donate blood for hCG – laboratory tests more accurately measure the amount of human chorionic gonadotropin, which determines the presence of pregnancy, or consult a doctor.

Stress and hormonal imbalances

Excessive stress and anxiety negatively affect health in general, as they suppress the activity of the pituitary gland, which affects the organs responsible for the production of hormones in the body, in particular the ovaries, adrenal glands and ovaries.

Ovarian dysfunction can lead to problems with the production of estrogen, a hormone involved in the monthly thickening of the uterine lining and preparing the body for potential pregnancy. If the work of the ovaries is impaired, this can lead to delays in changing the duration of the cycle and even to a missed cycle.