What are the symptoms of cerebral arteriosclerosis. How does cerebral arteriosclerosis affect brain function. What are the risk factors for developing cerebral arteriosclerosis. How is cerebral arteriosclerosis diagnosed and treated. Can cerebral arteriosclerosis be prevented.

What is Cerebral Arteriosclerosis?

Cerebral arteriosclerosis is a condition characterized by the hardening, thickening, and narrowing of arteries in the brain. This process occurs due to the accumulation of plaque, which consists of fatty deposits, inside the artery walls. As the arteries become increasingly constricted, blood flow to certain areas of the brain is reduced, potentially leading to severe health complications.

The consequences of cerebral arteriosclerosis can be dire. If the plaque buildup becomes severe enough to completely block blood flow, it can result in an ischemic stroke. Such an event can cause permanent impairment of brain and body functions. Additionally, the weakening of artery walls due to abnormal stretching from plaque buildup can lead to the formation of an aneurysm. If an aneurysm ruptures, it can cause bleeding in the brain, resulting in a hemorrhagic stroke.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Cerebral Arteriosclerosis

Identifying the signs and symptoms of cerebral arteriosclerosis is crucial for early intervention and treatment. Some common indicators include:

• Severe headaches
• Facial pain
• Visual disturbances
• Personality changes
• Numbness
• Confusion or dizziness
• Difficulty speaking or understanding speech

It’s important to note that plaque buildup can occur at any age, even in childhood. The health events resulting from cerebral arteriosclerosis can lead to long-term neurological and motor impairments or, in severe cases, death.

Risk Factors for Developing Cerebral Arteriosclerosis

Several factors can increase an individual’s risk of developing cerebral arteriosclerosis. These include:

1. Cigarette smoking
2. High cholesterol levels
3. High blood pressure
4. Advancing age
5. Prior history of stroke or heart attack

The first three risk factors – smoking, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure – can all cause damage to the inner lining of artery walls, making them more susceptible to plaque buildup.

Diagnosis and Treatment Options for Cerebral Arteriosclerosis

Diagnosing cerebral arteriosclerosis typically involves a combination of medical history review, physical examination, and imaging studies. These may include CT scans, MRI scans, or angiograms to visualize the blood vessels in the brain.

Treatment for cerebral arteriosclerosis often involves a multi-faceted approach. This may include:

• Medications to control risk factors such as high blood pressure and high cholesterol
• Lifestyle modifications, including smoking cessation, dietary changes, and increased physical activity
• Surgical interventions in severe cases, such as angioplasty or stenting to open blocked arteries

Role of Clinical Trials in Advancing Treatment

Clinical trials play a crucial role in improving our understanding and treatment of cerebral arteriosclerosis. These studies allow researchers to explore new therapies and interventions, potentially leading to more effective treatment options in the future. Individuals with cerebral arteriosclerosis, as well as healthy volunteers, can contribute to this important research by participating in clinical trials.

Prevention Strategies for Cerebral Arteriosclerosis

While some risk factors for cerebral arteriosclerosis, such as age, cannot be controlled, there are several steps individuals can take to reduce their risk:

• Maintain a healthy diet low in saturated fats and high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
• Exercise regularly to improve cardiovascular health
• Quit smoking or avoid starting
• Manage stress through relaxation techniques or meditation
• Control other health conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol

Understanding the Link Between Carotid Artery Disease and Cerebral Arteriosclerosis

Carotid artery disease, a condition closely related to cerebral arteriosclerosis, involves the buildup of plaque in the carotid arteries that supply blood to the brain. This condition can significantly increase the risk of stroke and is often considered alongside cerebral arteriosclerosis in neurological assessments.

The relationship between carotid artery disease and cerebral arteriosclerosis highlights the interconnected nature of the cardiovascular system. Plaque buildup in the carotid arteries can affect blood flow to the brain, potentially exacerbating the effects of cerebral arteriosclerosis.

Diagnostic Approaches for Carotid Artery Disease

Diagnosing carotid artery disease often involves similar techniques to those used for cerebral arteriosclerosis. These may include:

• Carotid ultrasound to visualize the arteries and assess blood flow
• CT angiography or MR angiography for detailed imaging of the carotid arteries
• Cerebral angiography for a comprehensive view of the blood vessels in the neck and brain

Emerging Treatments and Research in Cerebral Arteriosclerosis

The field of neurology continues to advance, with ongoing research into new treatments and interventions for cerebral arteriosclerosis. Some promising areas of study include:

1. Nanoparticle-based therapies to target and dissolve arterial plaques
2. Gene therapy approaches to address underlying genetic factors contributing to arteriosclerosis
3. Advanced imaging techniques for earlier detection and more precise treatment planning
4. Novel anti-inflammatory medications to reduce arterial inflammation and plaque formation

These emerging treatments offer hope for more effective management of cerebral arteriosclerosis in the future, potentially reducing the risk of stroke and other complications associated with the condition.

Living with Cerebral Arteriosclerosis: Lifestyle Adjustments and Support

For individuals diagnosed with cerebral arteriosclerosis, making certain lifestyle adjustments can be crucial in managing the condition and reducing the risk of complications. Some important considerations include:

• Adhering to prescribed medication regimens
• Regular follow-up appointments with healthcare providers
• Monitoring blood pressure and cholesterol levels
• Engaging in appropriate physical activity as recommended by a healthcare professional
• Managing stress through relaxation techniques or counseling
• Joining support groups to connect with others facing similar challenges

Support from family, friends, and healthcare professionals can play a significant role in helping individuals cope with the challenges of living with cerebral arteriosclerosis. Educational resources and support groups can provide valuable information and emotional support throughout the journey of managing this condition.

The Importance of Long-term Monitoring

Long-term monitoring is crucial for individuals with cerebral arteriosclerosis. Regular check-ups and imaging studies can help track the progression of the condition and allow for timely adjustments to treatment plans. This ongoing monitoring may include:

• Periodic imaging studies to assess plaque buildup and arterial health
• Regular blood tests to monitor cholesterol levels and other relevant markers
• Cognitive assessments to detect any changes in brain function
• Evaluation of overall cardiovascular health

By maintaining a proactive approach to monitoring and management, individuals with cerebral arteriosclerosis can work closely with their healthcare team to minimize risks and maintain the best possible quality of life.

The Role of Diet in Managing Cerebral Arteriosclerosis

Nutrition plays a crucial role in managing cerebral arteriosclerosis and reducing the risk of its progression. A heart-healthy diet can help control cholesterol levels, manage blood pressure, and reduce overall inflammation in the body. Key dietary recommendations for individuals with cerebral arteriosclerosis include:

• Increasing intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
• Choosing lean proteins such as fish, poultry, and plant-based sources
• Limiting saturated and trans fats
• Reducing sodium intake to help control blood pressure
• Incorporating foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as fatty fish, walnuts, and flaxseeds
• Moderating alcohol consumption

Consulting with a registered dietitian can provide personalized nutritional guidance tailored to individual needs and preferences while supporting overall vascular health.

The Mediterranean Diet and Cerebral Arteriosclerosis

The Mediterranean diet has gained attention for its potential benefits in managing cardiovascular health, including cerebral arteriosclerosis. This eating pattern emphasizes:

1. Abundant plant-based foods
2. Olive oil as the primary source of fat
3. Moderate consumption of fish and poultry
4. Limited red meat intake
5. Moderate consumption of wine with meals

Research suggests that adhering to a Mediterranean-style diet may help reduce inflammation, improve lipid profiles, and support overall vascular health, potentially slowing the progression of cerebral arteriosclerosis.

Exercise and Physical Activity in Cerebral Arteriosclerosis Management

Regular physical activity is an essential component of managing cerebral arteriosclerosis and promoting overall cardiovascular health. Exercise can help:

• Improve blood circulation
• Lower blood pressure
• Reduce cholesterol levels
• Manage weight
• Enhance overall cardiovascular fitness

However, it’s crucial for individuals with cerebral arteriosclerosis to consult with their healthcare provider before starting or modifying an exercise program. The appropriate type and intensity of exercise may vary depending on the individual’s overall health status and the severity of their condition.

Recommended Exercise Types for Cerebral Arteriosclerosis

While the specific exercise recommendations may vary, some generally beneficial types of physical activity for individuals with cerebral arteriosclerosis include:

1. Aerobic exercises such as walking, swimming, or cycling
2. Strength training to improve overall muscle tone and metabolism
3. Flexibility exercises to maintain joint health and range of motion
4. Balance exercises to reduce the risk of falls

The key is to start slowly and gradually increase the duration and intensity of exercise as tolerated, always under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

Psychological Impact of Cerebral Arteriosclerosis

Living with cerebral arteriosclerosis can have significant psychological effects on individuals. The fear of potential complications, such as stroke, and the need for lifestyle changes can lead to stress, anxiety, and depression. Recognizing and addressing these psychological aspects is crucial for comprehensive care. Some common psychological challenges include:

• Anxiety about future health outcomes
• Depression related to lifestyle restrictions or physical limitations
• Stress from managing a chronic condition
• Cognitive changes that may affect daily functioning
• Adjustment difficulties related to new medical routines or dietary changes

Healthcare providers should be attentive to these psychological aspects and provide appropriate support or referrals to mental health professionals when needed.

Coping Strategies for Emotional Well-being

Developing effective coping strategies can help individuals manage the emotional challenges associated with cerebral arteriosclerosis. Some helpful approaches include:

1. Practicing mindfulness or meditation techniques
2. Engaging in regular physical activity, which can boost mood and reduce stress
3. Joining support groups to connect with others facing similar challenges
4. Pursuing hobbies or activities that bring joy and relaxation
5. Seeking professional counseling or therapy when needed

By addressing both the physical and psychological aspects of cerebral arteriosclerosis, individuals can work towards maintaining a better quality of life and overall well-being.

The Future of Cerebral Arteriosclerosis Research and Treatment

As medical science continues to advance, the future of cerebral arteriosclerosis research and treatment holds promising possibilities. Ongoing studies and emerging technologies are paving the way for more effective prevention, diagnosis, and management strategies. Some areas of focus in current and future research include:

• Advanced imaging techniques for earlier and more precise detection of arterial changes
• Development of targeted therapies to address specific mechanisms of plaque formation
• Exploration of regenerative medicine approaches to repair damaged arterial tissue
• Investigation of genetic factors influencing susceptibility to cerebral arteriosclerosis
• Refinement of minimally invasive surgical techniques for treating severe cases

These advancements offer hope for improved outcomes and quality of life for individuals affected by cerebral arteriosclerosis in the years to come.

Personalized Medicine in Cerebral Arteriosclerosis

The concept of personalized medicine is gaining traction in the field of cerebral arteriosclerosis treatment. This approach takes into account individual genetic profiles, lifestyle factors, and specific characteristics of the disease to tailor treatment plans. Personalized medicine in cerebral arteriosclerosis may involve:

1. Genetic testing to identify risk factors and guide preventive strategies
2. Customized medication regimens based on individual response patterns
3. Targeted lifestyle interventions addressing specific risk factors
4. Use of biomarkers to monitor disease progression and treatment efficacy

As research in this area progresses, the hope is that personalized approaches will lead to more effective and efficient management of cerebral arteriosclerosis, ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

Cerebral Arteriosclerosis | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

On this page

What is cerebral arteriosclerosis?

Cerebral arteriosclerosis is a disease that occurs when the arteries in the brain become hard, thick, and narrow due to the buildup of plaque (fatty deposits) inside the artery walls. This buildup decreases the amount of blood flow to certain areas of the brain. If the buildup becomes too severe, it can block flow and cause an ischemic stroke. An ischemic stroke can permanently impair brain and body function.

In addition, cerebral arteriosclerosis can result in an aneurysm, which is a weakened area in the artery due to abnormal stretching from plaque buildup. An aneurysm can burst and cause bleeding in the brain, leading to a hemorrhagic stroke. Treatment may include medications or surgery.

Signs and symptoms of cerebral arteriosclerosis may include:

• Headaches, which can be severe
• Facial pain
• Trouble seeing
• Personality changes

• Numbness
• Confusion or dizziness
• Trouble speaking or understanding

Plaque buildup can occur at any age, even in childhood. The health events from cerebral arteriosclerosis can lead to long-term neurological and motor impairments or death.

Risk factors for cerebral arteriosclerosis include:

• Cigarette smoking
• High cholesterol
• High blood pressure (all of which can damage the inner lining of the artery wall)
• Increasing age
• Prior risk of stroke and/or heart attack

file-medical

Learn About Clinical Trials

Clinical trials are studies that allow us to learn more about disorders and improve care. They can help connect patients with new and upcoming treatment options.

How can I or my loved one help improve care for people with cerebral arteriosclerosis?

Consider participating in a clinical trial so clinicians and scientists can learn more about cerebral arteriosclerosis and related disorders. Clinical research uses human volunteers to help researchers learn more about a disorder and perhaps find better ways to safely detect, treat, or prevent disease.

All types of volunteers are needed—those who are healthy or may have an illness or disease—of all different ages, sexes, races, and ethnicities to ensure that study results apply to as many people as possible, and that treatments will be safe and effective for everyone who will use them.

For information about participating in clinical research visit NIH Clinical Research Trials and You. Learn about clinical trials currently looking for people with cerebral arteriosclerosis at Clinicaltrials.gov, a database of current and past clinical studies and research results.

Where can I find more information about cerebral arteriosclerosis?

Visit the following sources to learn more about cerebral arteriosclerosis and related conditions:

American Stroke Association
Phone: 888-478-7653 or 800-242-8721

Brain Aneurysm Foundation
Phone: 781-826-5556 or 888-272-4602

Children’s Hemiplegia and Stroke Association (CHASA)

The Hazel K. Goddess Fund for Stroke Research in Women

Heart Rhythm Society 
Phone: 202-464-3400 or 202-464-3401

International Alliance for Pediatric Stroke

The Joe Niekro Foundation 
Phone: 877-803-7650

YoungStroke
Phone: 843-655-2835

More information may be available:

PubMed

book-open

Order publications from the NINDS Catalog

The NINDS Publication Catalog offers printed materials on neurological disorders for patients, health professionals, and the general public. All materials are free of charge, and a downloadable PDF version is also available for most publications.

Atherosclerosis Diagnosis & Treatment – NYC

Make an Appointment

Our team of dedicated access representatives is here to help you make an appointment with the specialists that you need.

Atherosclerosis is the accumulation of plaque inside arteries, which may elevate the risk of stroke. At Columbia Neurosurgery, we specialize in diagnosing and treating atherosclerosis relevant to the brain. Common treatment options include angioplasty, arterial stenting and carotid endarterectomy.

Two types of atherosclerosis have the potential to impact brain function:

• Atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries, known as carotid artery disease
• Atherosclerosis of the cerebral arteries, known as intracranial atherosclerosis

Plaque buildup causes artery walls to become thick and stiff. (Atherosclerosis is sometimes called “hardening of the arteries.”) Eventually, the thickened vascular walls may interfere with blood flow, and if the blockage prevents blood from reaching the brain, the result is ischemic stroke. A stroke is a medical emergency.

Plaques may also cause ischemic stroke if they rupture. When a plaque ruptures, a blood clot forms. The clot may block the flow of blood there, or a piece may break off, travel through the artery and block blood flow elsewhere.

Symptoms

Atherosclerosis may have its beginnings as early as childhood, but usually only causes symptoms after age 40.

Symptoms of atherosclerosis vary, and the condition may be asymptomatic until an artery is significantly blocked and blood flow is greatly reduced. When this occurs, the situation is a potential medical emergency.

One possible sign of carotid artery disease is bruit. The presence of bruit alone is not sufficient to make the diagnosis of carotid artery disease, but it is a sign that often prompts further investigation.

Blockage of a carotid artery or a cerebral artery can produce potentially serious conditions:

• Stroke: A medical emergency caused by interruption of blood flow to the brain. Stroke can cause brain damage or death. The earlier treatment for a stroke begins, the better the chances of recovery. Symptoms of a stroke may include:
  • Sudden severe headache
  • Numbness or weakness in the face, arm or leg, especially on one side only
  • Dizziness or loss of balance
  • Sudden trouble seeing
  • Confusion, problems speaking or understanding
• Transient ischemic attack (TIA): Sometimes called “mini-strokes,” TIAs can have the same symptoms as regular strokes, but in the case of a TIA, blood flow to the area is promptly restored and the symptoms resolve. Even though the symptoms may disappear, however, mini-strokes should be evaluated at an emergency department. They indicate a high risk for stroke in the coming days, weeks or months. Evaluating and treating the causes of a TIA may prevent a stroke.
• Aneurysm: A weak, ballooning area in the wall of an artery. An aneurysm can rupture, causing uncontrolled bleeding. In the brain, this is called a hemorrhagic stroke. An aneurysm with a slow leak may develop a blood clot, which itself may block blood flow.

Diagnosis

To diagnose atherosclerosis, a doctor will ask about a patient’s medical and family history, conduct a physical examination and perhaps order blood tests or scans.

In patients with no symptoms or signs of atherosclerosis, the doctor usually evaluates risk of atherosclerosis by analyzing the patient’s risk factors. To determine blood cholesterol levels, the doctor may order a blood test called a lipid profile, which may need to be performed after a period of fasting.

In patients who have had signs or symptoms of atherosclerosis, further tests may be conducted to identify the location(s) of any problems.

At Columbia Neurosurgery, our specialists may diagnose carotid or cerebral atherosclerosis using the following procedures:

• Angiography: In this procedure, a dye that can be seen on X-ray is injected into blood vessels, and X-ray pictures are taken.
• CT angiography: A computer and a special type of X-ray are used along with angiography to produce 3-D images.
• SPECT scanning: A small amount of radioactive dye is injected into the bloodstream, and a special camera is used to produce 3-D images. SPECT stands for Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography.
• Intravascular ultrasonography: An ultrasound is a safe and painless way to produce images of the body using sound waves. In intravascular ultrasonography, an ultrasound device at the end of a catheter is threaded through the blood vessels. It can produce pictures of the inside of an artery.

Risk Factors

The causes of atherosclerosis are not completely understood. The most widely accepted theory is that atherosclerosis begins with injury to blood vessel walls. The injury causes inflammation in the area and begins a cascade of reactions that results in plaque formation.

There are many risk factors for atherosclerosis, some of which are independent of lifestyle. These include:

• Having a family history of early atherosclerosis
• Being male
• Aging

Other risk factors, called modifiable risk factors, can be mitigated. These include:

• Hypertension
• Diabetes mellitus
• Cigarette smoking
• Certain forms of elevated cholesterol
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Obesity

Atherosclerosis can occur without the presence of any of these risk factors, but each additional risk factor increases the likelihood of atherosclerosis.

Treatments

At Columbia Neurosurgery, we treat cases of atherosclerosis of the carotid or cerebral arteries that may require surgical management.

Surgical options for atherosclerosis of the carotid and cerebral arteries include:

• Angioplasty: The positioning and inflation of a medical “balloon” that expands the narrowed artery
• Arterial stenting: The implantation and expansion of a small tube that helps the artery stay open
• Carotid endarterectomy: The surgical removal of a plaque from the carotid artery

Atherosclerosis of the head – causes, symptoms, who treats

What needs to be done to diagnose and treat cerebral atherosclerosis ? To solve this problem, the first step for the patient is to make an appointment with a neurologist. After the initial examination, the doctor may prescribe additional tests:

• Ultrasound examination of the vessels of the head
• CT angiography of the brain
• MRI of the brain and cerebral vessels.
• electrocardiogram

Atherosclerosis of the brain is a narrowing of the arteries caused by plaque buildup. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrients from the heart to the rest of the body. As the body ages, fats, cholesterol, and calcium can accumulate in the arteries and form plaque. The accumulation of plaque makes it difficult for blood to flow through the arteries of the brain. The condition can lead to a lack of blood and oxygen. The plaque can also collapse, causing the formation of a blood clot. Left untreated, atherosclerosis can lead to stroke or bleeding. Atherosclerosis is a fairly common problem associated with aging. This condition is preventable and there are many successful treatment options.

Symptoms of atherosclerosis

Most symptoms of cerebral atherosclerosis do not appear until a blockage occurs. General symptoms of the disease:

• headache
• fatigue
• confusion that occurs if the blockage affects the circulation in the brain
• Loss of motor or sensory function on one side of the body, which occurs if the blockage affects circulation to the brain.

It is also important to know the symptoms of a stroke. This condition may be caused by atherosclerosis and require immediate medical attention:

• weakness or numbness of the face or limbs
• speech problems
• problems understanding speech
• vision problems
• loss of balance
• sudden, severe headache.

Causes of Atherosclerosis

When cholesterol plaques build up and arteries become hard and inflamed, blood cannot circulate effectively to the rest of the body. This prevents organs and tissues from getting the oxygenated blood they need to function. The most common causes of hardening of the arteries are the following factors and conditions.

High cholesterol and atherosclerosis in the brain

Cholesterol is a waxy yellow substance found naturally in the body and also in some foods that are eaten. If the level of cholesterol in the blood is too high, plaque can block the artery. As a result, the plaque becomes hard and restricts or blocks blood flow to the heart and other organs.

Diet and cerebral atherosclerosis

It is important to eat a healthy diet by following a recommended healthy eating plan that recommends:

• a wide range of fruits and vegetables
• whole grains
• low-fat dairy products
• poultry and fish, skinless
• nuts and legumes
• non-tropical vegetable oils such as olive or sunflower oil.

A few more diet tips recommend:

• avoid foods and drinks with added sugar, such as sweetened drinks, candy and desserts. Recommended no more than 6 teaspoons or 100 calories of sugar per day for most women and no more than 9 teaspoons or 150 calories per day for most men
• avoid foods high in salt. Not more than 1500 mg is recommended. salt per day
• avoid foods high in trans fats. It is recommended to replace them with unsaturated fats. For a person consuming 2,000 calories per day, the recommended amount is 13 grams of saturated fat per day.

Aging and atherosclerosis of the brain

With age, the heart and blood vessels work harder. As a result, arteries can harden and become less elastic, making them more susceptible to plaque buildup.

How a doctor diagnoses cerebral atherosclerosis

Diagnosis and treatment of cerebral atherosclerosis is performed by a neurologist and vascular surgeon. During the initial appointment, the doctor will conduct a physical examination to look for symptoms of atherosclerosis, such as:

• weakened pulse
• aneurysm – abnormal protrusion or expansion of an artery due to weakness of the arterial wall
• slow wound healing indicating limited blood flow
• Noise or whistling sound made by blood as it passes through a blocked artery.

In addition, specialized examinations are prescribed for the patient:

• blood test to check the level of cholesterol
• Doppler ultrasound of the neck vessels to detect blockage of the artery
• head and neck magnetic resonance angiography or CT angiography

The

• electrocardiogram (ECG) measures electrical activity in the heart to identify areas of reduced blood flow.

How a doctor treats atherosclerosis of the brain

Treatment involves changing your current lifestyle to reduce your fat and cholesterol intake. A healthy diet and moderate physical activity are recommended. A doctor may recommend lifestyle changes as the first line of treatment. Also, the patient may need additional medical procedures, such as medications or surgery.

Medications

Medications help prevent worsening of atherosclerosis.

Medicines for the treatment of atherosclerosis include:

• cholesterol-lowering drugs
• angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, which may lower blood pressure
• beta-blockers that slow down the heart
• antiplatelet drugs, such as aspirin, to prevent blood clots and clogged arteries.

Aspirin may be particularly effective in patients with a history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, including heart attack and stroke. Discussing an aspirin regimen with your doctor can potentially reduce the risk of another disease with active atherosclerosis.

If the patient does not have a history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, then aspirin is recommended as a prophylactic drug only if a high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is relevant.

Surgery

If symptoms are particularly severe, or if muscle or skin tissue is at risk, the patient may require surgery. Possible surgeries to treat atherosclerosis:

• bypass surgery, which uses a vessel from another location in the patient’s body or a synthetic tube to drain blood around a blocked or narrowed artery
• thrombolytic therapy, which involves dissolving a blood clot by injecting a drug into the affected artery
• angioplasty and percutaneous coronary intervention, which involves using a catheter and balloon to dilate an artery, sometimes placing a stent to keep the artery open
• atherectomy, which involves removing plaque from the arteries using a catheter with a sharp blade at one end
• Endarterectomy involves the surgical removal of fatty deposits from an artery.

Share:

The best doctors in St. Petersburg

Gavrilko Tatyana Andreevna

Rating: 4.7 / 5

Enroll

Prokopets Anna Igorevna

Rating: 4.9 / 5

Enroll

Sabelnikov Vladimir Vasilievich

Rating: 4.5 / 5

Enroll

Toshchev Alexey Andreevich

Rating: 4.8 / 5

Enroll

Scientific sources:

1. Azizova O.A. The role of oxidized lipoproteins in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis / O.A. Azizova // Efferent therapy. 2000. – V.6, No. 1. – S. 2431.
2. Lutai M.I. Rupture of atherosclerotic plaque and its clinical consequences. Can a coronary catastrophe be prevented? / M.I. Lutai // Ukr. cardio. magazine 2002. – No. 5. – S. 45-49.
3. Trufanov G.E. Magnetic resonance imaging: Handbook. for doctors / Ed. G.E. Trufanova, V.A. Fokina // St. Petersburg: Folio, 2007. 688 p.
4. Rudas M.S., Nasnikova I.Yu., Matyakin G.G. Positron emission tomography in clinical practice: a teaching aid. URL: http://www.rakanet.ru/docs/petclinpract.pdf (accessed 20.02.2009).
5. Konovalov A.N., Kornienko V.N. Computed tomography in a neurosurgical clinic. M.: Medicine, 1985. – 296 p.

Useful information

CT and MRI of cerebral vessels

CT and MRI of the cerebral vessels are the two most highly informative types of angiography, which make it possible to accurately diagnose most of the vascular pathologies. What’s going on in my head is much more interesting than what’s going on outside of me. Perhaps, many radiologists will readily agree with this phrase of the English poet John Wilmot. Headaches, hearing and speech disorders, weakness, worsening

read more +

MRI of cerebral vessels

Cerebral MRI is a diagnostic tool that uses a special magnetic resonance imaging scanner to examine the patient’s vasculature to identify specific anomalies, blood clots, ruptures, aneurysms, hematomas and other pathologies. Tomography of cerebral vessels involves the use of impulses that enter into

read more +

MRI and CT of the brain

What is better, MRI or CT of the brain, this is not an idle question that doctors of medical centers cannot answer unambiguously. It all depends on the goals of the examination, the primary diagnosis and the state of health of the person. In this article, we will talk about how CT differs from MRI of the brain, and in which cases doctors prefer one or another type of examination. With the help of timely

read more +

causes, symptoms and treatments

Contents

• 1 Cerebral atherosclerosis: symptoms, causes and treatment in adults
  • 1.1 Cerebral atherosclerosis: what is it?
  • 1.2 Causes of cerebral atherosclerosis
  • 1.3 Symptoms and signs of cerebral atherosclerosis
  • 1.4 Diagnosis of cerebral atherosclerosis
    • 1.4.1 Neurological symptoms
    • 1.4.2 Ultrasound examination of the brain
    • 1.4.3 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
  • 1.5 Treatment of cerebral atherosclerosis
    9 0015 1.5.1 Medical treatment
    • 1.5.2 Surgical treatment
    • 1.5.3 Alternative methods
  • 1. 6 Prevention of cerebral atherosclerosis
  • 1.7 Complications of cerebral atherosclerosis
  • 1.8 Nutrition in cerebral atherosclerosis
  • 1.9 Physical exercise to combat cerebral atherosclerosis
  • 1.10 The effect of smoking on cerebral atherosclerosis
  • 1.11 Doctors’ recommendations for cerebral atherosclerosis
  • 1.12 Related videos:

  9001 5 1.13 Question-answer:

  • • 1.13. 0.1 What is cerebral atherosclerosis?
    • 1.13.0.2 What factors can lead to the development of cerebral atherosclerosis?
    • 1.13.0.3 What symptoms may indicate the presence of cerebral atherosclerosis?
    • 1.13.0.4 What is the diagnosis of cerebral atherosclerosis?
    • 1.13.0.5 How is cerebral atherosclerosis treated?
    • 1.13.0.6 Is it possible to prevent the development of cerebral atherosclerosis?

Cerebral atherosclerosis is a serious disease that often leads to stroke and cerebrovascular accident. In the article, we talk about the causes, symptoms and treatments for this dangerous disease in adults.

Cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis occurs when fat and cholesterol build up on the walls of arteries, causing them to become hard and narrow. In the brain, atherosclerotic changes in the arteries can lead to stroke, headache, and other neurological consequences.

The human brain is the control center for all body functions, and its work depends on the supply of sufficient oxygen and nutrients. But atherosclerosis can disrupt the flow of blood, and therefore oxygen and nutrients, to the brain. Once the vessels in the brain begin to become narrow, various neurological symptoms can appear, often leading to unacceptable health effects.

Although atherosclerosis is a serious condition, prevention and treatment can help reduce the risk of developing neurological disorders. The initial stage of therapy is lifestyle changes, such as a healthier diet and exercise. Effective treatment of atherosclerosis can only be prescribed after a medical examination and selection of adequate therapy, depending on the degree of damage.

Atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels: what is it?

Cerebral atherosclerosis is a pathological vascular condition characterized by the gradual deposition of cholesterol and other lipids on the walls of blood vessels in the brain. As a result, circulatory disorders occur, which lead to various disorders of the nervous system and to possible complications.

Atherosclerosis of the brain develops gradually and may occur without symptoms in the early stages. However, as the blood supply deteriorates, various symptoms can occur, sometimes quite serious. In the future, with prolonged and improper treatment, cerebral atherosclerosis can cause stroke and other complications.

Risk factors for the development of cerebral atherosclerosis include: age, smoking, diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, obesity, hereditary predisposition and some other factors. In addition, these conditions are interrelated and, often, one disease can become a risk factor for the development of another.

The main task of in the treatment of cerebral atherosclerosis is to preserve the blood supply to the brain and prevent complications of this disease. This can be achieved through drug therapy, including lipid-lowering drugs, blood pressure control, and treatment of diabetes mellitus, as well as treatment of other comorbidities.

Causes of cerebral atherosclerosis

Cerebral atherosclerosis is the result of gradual and progressive occlusion of cerebral arteries. In the causes of this disease, food culture disorders, excessive consumption of animal fats, the presence of more than 300 mg of cholesterol daily in the diet, as well as smoking and low physical activity come to the fore.

It is important to understand that many factors can aggravate the pathological process in cerebral atherosclerosis. First of all, this is due to the variability in the amount of cholesterol in the blood, as well as in the carotid duct, which creates favorable conditions for the formation of plaques that narrow the lumen of the artery, reducing blood flow in it and disrupting cerebral blood supply.

• Important risk factors for cerebral atherosclerosis:
• Uncontrolled – age, family history, gender, certain medical conditions (eg, Parkinson’s disease, bursitis).
• Controlled – smoking, physical incompetence, some types of drug therapy, unbalanced diet, and food culture disorders that cause a person to consume fatty, low-quality foods.

Symptoms and signs of cerebral atherosclerosis

Weakness and numbness of the extremities. A feeling of tingling or numbness on the skin can be a sign of a dangerous brain disorder. Until it becomes a permanent burden, it is necessary to conduct an examination.

Headache and dizziness. They may be the materialization of pressure on the brain. Strong, as in the clinic, pain in the head may indicate encephalopathy or an important violation of blood circulation. Lack of blood supply to the brain can manifest itself precisely as dizziness.

Impairment of memory and thinking. When cerebrovascular atherosclerotic diseases are exacerbated, they can worsen brain processes. The explanation for this may be poor blood supply to the parts of the brain that are responsible for memory, attention, concentration and communication.

Vision and hearing problems. Although uncommon, changes in vision or hearing may be directly related to the condition of the blood vessels. When brain activity decreases, it affects the thinking of the limbs and other parts of the body.

Loss of balance and dazed. Terrifying symptoms associated with the fact that the work of the brain diverges from what comes before it. These are big problems associated with insufficient blood supply to the brain or the general nervous system.

The main signs of cerebral atherosclerosis:

Diagnosis of cerebral atherosclerosis

Neurological symptoms

Neurological symptoms that occur with atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels can be different. They can manifest as dizziness, lack of coordination, frequent headaches, migraines, as well as impaired memory and thinking. If you have these symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor for diagnosis and treatment.

Ultrasound examination of the brain

Ultrasound examination is one of the methods for diagnosing cerebral atherosclerosis. This method helps to identify a bottleneck in the vessel and determine the cause of impaired blood flow caused by atherosclerosis. Once a problem is identified, a doctor can prescribe a treatment and monitor its effectiveness during follow-up reviews.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Magnetic resonance imaging is a more accurate method for diagnosing cerebral atherosclerosis. This method allows you to get a detailed picture of the brain and blood vessels, as well as detect the presence of small stagnation in the blood flow. With this diagnostic method, the doctor can prescribe individual treatment and monitor the results during the examination.

• For the diagnosis of cerebral atherosclerosis, a mandatory consultation with a neurologist is required.
• Ultrasound examination of the brain is one of the simple and affordable diagnostic methods.
• Magnetic resonance imaging is a more accurate method, but requires certain costs.

Cerebral atherosclerosis treatment

Drug treatment

Cerebral atherosclerosis is treated with drugs that lower blood cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of blood clots and strokes. It is important to consult a doctor in a timely manner and get recommendations on the selection of drug therapy, depending on the degree of development of the disease.

Surgical treatment

In severe cases of cerebral atherosclerosis, surgical treatment is used, which consists in an operation to remove blood clots and restore vascular patency. This technique is carried out only in stationary conditions and requires specialized training of medical personnel.

Alternative methods

Additional methods of treating cerebral atherosclerosis are the introduction of appropriate vitamins into the body and the use of phytopreparations that improve metabolism and strengthen blood vessels. But it should be remembered that such methods will not replace the main drug or surgical treatment and can only be used in combination with them.

Prevention of cerebral atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels can be prevented by eliminating risk factors. First of all, it is necessary to monitor the level of cholesterol in the blood, since high cholesterol is the main risk factor for atherosclerosis. To do this, it is recommended to follow a proper diet and eat foods that contain little animal fats and cholesterol.

Physical exercise is also recommended for the prevention of cerebral atherosclerosis. An active lifestyle helps to improve the general condition of the body and strengthen the cardiovascular system.

Another important aspect of prevention is to stop smoking and drinking alcohol. Nicotine and alcohol harm not only the vessels of the brain, but also the cardiovascular system as a whole. Therefore, the best prevention is to completely stop smoking and limit alcohol consumption to a minimum.

• Maintain a healthy diet: eat foods that are low in animal fats and cholesterol;
• Control your blood pressure: take medication and control your blood pressure;
• Exercise: improve the general condition of the body and strengthen the cardiovascular system;
• Quit smoking and limit alcohol consumption to a minimum: nicotine and alcohol are harmful to the vessels of the brain and the cardiovascular system.

Complications of cerebral atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis of the cerebral vessels can lead to various complications that can be dangerous to the patient’s health.

• Ischemic stroke. This is one of the most serious complications of cerebral atherosclerosis. Occurs when blood does not reach a certain part of the brain due to vascular disease, which leads to a violation of its functions.
• Transient ischemic attack. This is a temporary disruption of blood flow in the brain that can last from a few minutes to several hours. Although the symptoms may go away on their own, it is a sign of an increased risk of stroke.
• Carotid stenosis. This is a narrowing of one or both of the carotid arteries that carry blood to the head and brain. It can lead to a stroke if the narrowing becomes too severe.
• Hypoxia. This is a condition where the brain does not get enough oxygen and can cause stroke or cognitive impairment.

It is important to know that complications of cerebral atherosclerosis can be dangerous to health. If any symptoms occur, you should consult a doctor. Regular medical check-ups and a healthy lifestyle can help prevent atherosclerosis and its complications.

Nutrition in cerebral atherosclerosis

Proper nutrition is an important condition for slowing down the progression of cerebral atherosclerosis. It involves reducing the consumption of foods containing large amounts of animal fats, sugar and salt.

Fats. Limit consumption of animal fats and products containing trans fats (eg margarine, muffins, chips). Instead, you should consume more fatty fish, nuts, olive or flaxseed oil.

Carbohydrates. Consumption of fast carbohydrates (sweets, white rice, white bread) should be limited. Instead, you should eat complex carbohydrates (whole grains, vegetables, fruits).

Proteins. Moderate intake of animal proteins (meat, dairy products) and increased intake of vegetable proteins (legumes, nuts, seeds).

Vitamins and minerals. Diet should contain adequate amounts of vitamins and minerals. Especially important are vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, magnesium and potassium. They are found in fresh vegetables and fruits.

It is also necessary to monitor the diet, the best option would be 4-5 light meals during the day. If you follow the right diet, you can slow down the progression of cerebral atherosclerosis and prevent its complications.

Exercise to combat cerebral atherosclerosis

Cerebral atherosclerosis is a serious disease that can lead to cerebrovascular accident and stroke. However, there are ways to prevent this disease, and one of them is physical activity.

Running, brisk walking and other cardio exercises increase the level of “good” cholesterol in the blood and reduce the concentration of “bad” cholesterol, thereby preventing the formation of plaques on the walls of blood vessels.

Yoga and Pilates also help fight atherosclerosis, strengthen muscles and joints, and improve flexibility and coordination.

Swimming is one of the most effective ways to fight atherosclerosis. Swimming lowers blood pressure, improves circulation, and is a good way to relax and relieve stress.

However, it is necessary to consult a specialist before starting sports, especially if there are problems with the cardiovascular system or other diseases.

• Recommendations:
• Start with small exercises and gradually increase the load.
• Choose exercises that you can do and enjoy.
• Don’t forget to stretch after your workout. Stretching your muscles helps reduce tension and prevents injury.

Effect of smoking on cerebral atherosclerosis

Cerebral atherosclerosis is one of the most common diseases that can lead to stroke. Smoking is a risk factor for developing this disease.

Smoking contributes to the formation of cholesterol plaques on the walls of cerebral vessels, which are the main manifestation of atherosclerosis. In addition, tobacco smoke contains many harmful substances that increase the level of inflammatory markers in the body, contributing to the development of atherosclerosis.

The risk of cerebral atherosclerosis in smokers is significantly higher than in non-smokers. Therefore, smoking cessation is one of the main measures to prevent the disease.

• Risk factors for cerebral atherosclerosis are:
  1. Smoking;
  2. High blood cholesterol;
  3. Arterial hypertension;
  4. Diabetes mellitus.
• Prevention of cerebral atherosclerosis includes the following measures:
  • Stop smoking;
  • Regular exercise;
  • Maintaining a healthy diet;
  • Control of blood cholesterol levels;
  • Consulting a doctor and taking medications if there are risk factors.

Doctors’ recommendations for cerebral atherosclerosis

Doctors recommend that people with cerebral atherosclerosis monitor nutrition by reducing the intake of animal fats, sugar and salt. It is necessary to prefer fish, seafood, chicken, replace red meat with white, add vegetables and fruits to the diet.

Doctors also recommend taking medication, which is prescribed individually for each patient. This course of drugs will be aimed at stabilizing the condition, increasing the efficiency of blood flow, improving blood metabolism and increasing hormone levels.

• Monitor your diet by eliminating animal fats, sugar and salt from your diet. Add vegetables and fruits.
• Maintain a healthy lifestyle, including exercise and outdoor activities.
• Stop smoking and drinking alcohol.
• Take prescribed medications to stabilize your condition and improve blood flow.

Related videos:

Q&A:

What is atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels?

Cerebral atherosclerosis is a disease in which fatty deposits, called plaques, form on the inner wall of cerebral vessels. They can make it difficult or completely block the blood flow in the brain, which leads to a violation of its functions.

What factors can lead to the development of cerebral atherosclerosis?

Various factors can contribute to the development of atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels: increased blood cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, overweight, sedentary lifestyle, hereditary predisposition and others.

What symptoms may indicate the presence of cerebral atherosclerosis?

Symptoms of atherosclerosis of the cerebral vessels can manifest themselves in various ways: headache, dizziness, incoordination, paralysis, speech disorders, loss of sensation in the limbs, changes in behavior, falls.

What is the diagnosis of cerebral atherosclerosis?

Diagnosis of atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels includes a neurological examination, analysis of cholesterol levels in the blood, ultrasound examination of the vessels of the head and neck, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain.