Symptoms of prolapsed bowel. Rectal Prolapse: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options

20.08.202108.06.2023 by alexxlab

What are the symptoms of rectal prolapse. How is rectal prolapse diagnosed. What are the treatment options for rectal prolapse. Who is at risk of developing rectal prolapse. Can rectal prolapse be prevented. What complications can arise from untreated rectal prolapse. How does rectal prolapse affect quality of life.

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Understanding Rectal Prolapse: An Overview

Rectal prolapse is a condition where the rectum, the final portion of the large intestine, turns inside out and protrudes through the anus. This medical issue affects individuals of all ages, but it’s particularly common among women over 50 and young children under three. While the exact cause remains unknown, various risk factors contribute to its development.

Rectal prolapse can significantly impact a person’s quality of life, causing discomfort, pain, and embarrassment. Understanding its symptoms, causes, and treatment options is crucial for those affected and their caregivers.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Rectal Prolapse

Identifying rectal prolapse early can lead to more effective treatment. The symptoms may vary depending on the severity of the condition, but typically include:

Pain and discomfort in the lower abdomen
Blood and mucus discharge from the anus
Feeling of incomplete bowel emptying
Difficulty passing bowel movements
Visible protrusion of the rectum through the anus
Excessive use of toilet paper for cleaning after bowel movements
Leakage of liquid feces, especially after defecation
Reduced bowel control or fecal incontinence

Is rectal prolapse always visible? Not necessarily. In early stages, the prolapse may occur during bowel movements and retract on its own. As the condition progresses, manual repositioning may become necessary.

Types and Grades of Rectal Prolapse

Rectal prolapse is classified into different types based on its severity:

Internal prolapse (incomplete prolapse): The rectum has prolapsed but doesn’t protrude through the anus.
Mucosal prolapse: Only the inner lining of the rectum protrudes through the anus.
External prolapse (complete or full-thickness prolapse): The entire thickness of the rectal wall protrudes through the anus.

Understanding the type and grade of prolapse is essential for determining the most appropriate treatment approach. Healthcare professionals use this classification to tailor their recommendations to each patient’s specific condition.

Unraveling the Causes and Risk Factors of Rectal Prolapse

While the precise cause of rectal prolapse remains elusive, several risk factors have been identified:

Chronic constipation and straining during bowel movements
Weakened pelvic floor and anal sphincter muscles
Age-related muscle weakening, particularly in those over 65
Genetic predisposition
Parasitic infections (rare in developed countries)
Conditions that increase abdominal pressure (e.g., benign prostatic hypertrophy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
Structural issues with rectal ligaments
Congenital bowel problems (e.g., Hirschsprung’s disease)
Prior lower back trauma or disc disease

Can lifestyle changes reduce the risk of rectal prolapse? Indeed, maintaining a healthy diet rich in fiber, staying hydrated, and avoiding excessive straining during bowel movements can help prevent the condition, especially in cases related to chronic constipation.

Diagnosing Rectal Prolapse: From Physical Examination to Advanced Imaging

Accurate diagnosis of rectal prolapse is crucial for effective treatment. The diagnostic process typically involves:

Physical examination: A doctor may ask the patient to strain as if having a bowel movement to observe any prolapse.
Medical history review: The physician will inquire about symptoms, bowel habits, and any relevant medical conditions.
Imaging tests: For suspected internal prolapse, ultrasound, specialized X-rays, or defecography may be employed.
Anorectal manometry: This test measures the strength of anal sphincter muscles.
Additional tests: If rectal bleeding is present, further investigations may be conducted to rule out other conditions like bowel cancer.

Why is it important to test children with rectal prolapse for cystic fibrosis? Approximately 11% of children with rectal prolapse have cystic fibrosis, making it crucial to screen for this genetic disorder to ensure comprehensive care.

Treatment Options: From Conservative Approaches to Surgical Interventions

The treatment of rectal prolapse is tailored to each individual, considering factors such as age, prolapse severity, and the presence of other pelvic abnormalities. Options include:

Dietary and lifestyle changes: Increasing fiber intake, staying hydrated, and regular exercise can help manage chronic constipation, often resolving prolapse in young children.
Rubber band ligation: For mucosal prolapse, surgical rubber bands may be used to secure the prolapsed tissue.
Surgery: Various surgical techniques can be employed to repair and secure the rectum in place.

Surgical Approaches for Rectal Prolapse

When conservative methods prove insufficient, surgery may be necessary. Surgical options include:

Abdominal approach: The rectum is pulled up and secured to the sacrum (lower back bone).
Perineal approach: The prolapsed rectum is removed and the remaining rectum is attached to the anal canal.

How is the most appropriate surgical technique chosen? The decision depends on the patient’s overall health, age, and the severity of the prolapse. Younger patients often undergo abdominal procedures, while older or higher-risk individuals may benefit from perineal approaches.

Complications and Long-term Outlook of Rectal Prolapse

Untreated rectal prolapse can lead to several complications:

Ulceration and bleeding of the rectum
Incarceration: The prolapsed rectum becomes trapped outside the body
Strangulation: Blood supply to the prolapsed rectum is compromised
Gangrene: In severe cases, tissue death may occur in the strangulated section

What is the prognosis for patients with rectal prolapse? With proper treatment, many individuals experience significant improvement in symptoms and quality of life. However, recurrence is possible, especially in cases of incomplete correction or underlying muscular weakness.

Prevention Strategies and Lifestyle Modifications

While not all cases of rectal prolapse can be prevented, certain lifestyle changes can reduce the risk:

Maintain a high-fiber diet: Include plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
Stay hydrated: Drink adequate water to soften stools and prevent constipation.
Exercise regularly: Physical activity helps maintain healthy bowel function.
Practice proper toilet habits: Avoid straining and limit time spent on the toilet.
Perform pelvic floor exercises: Strengthen the muscles supporting the rectum and other pelvic organs.

Can pelvic floor therapy help prevent rectal prolapse? Yes, strengthening the pelvic floor muscles through targeted exercises can provide better support for the rectum and reduce the risk of prolapse, especially in women who have given birth.

Special Considerations for Different Age Groups

Rectal prolapse affects various age groups differently:

Children

In young children, rectal prolapse is often self-resolving and can be managed with conservative measures. However, it’s crucial to rule out underlying conditions like cystic fibrosis.

Adults

For adults, a combination of lifestyle changes and medical interventions may be necessary. Women are at higher risk, especially those who have given birth or experienced pelvic floor trauma.

Elderly

Older adults may require a more cautious approach due to potential comorbidities. Less invasive surgical techniques may be preferred for this age group.

How does the management of rectal prolapse differ between age groups? Treatment strategies are tailored based on the patient’s age, overall health, and the severity of the prolapse. While children often respond well to conservative measures, adults and the elderly may require more intensive interventions.

Living with Rectal Prolapse: Coping Strategies and Support

Dealing with rectal prolapse can be challenging both physically and emotionally. Here are some strategies to cope with the condition:

Maintain open communication with healthcare providers
Join support groups to connect with others experiencing similar issues
Practice good hygiene to prevent irritation and infection
Use incontinence products if necessary to manage symptoms
Engage in stress-reduction techniques to improve overall well-being

How can family members support someone with rectal prolapse? Family members can offer emotional support, assist with lifestyle modifications, and help maintain a positive outlook throughout the treatment process.

Advances in Rectal Prolapse Treatment: Current Research and Future Directions

The field of rectal prolapse treatment continues to evolve, with ongoing research focusing on:

Minimally invasive surgical techniques
Robotic-assisted procedures for improved precision
Bioengineered tissue grafts for reinforcing weakened rectal walls
Novel pharmaceutical approaches to strengthen pelvic floor muscles
Improved diagnostic tools for early detection and intervention

What promising developments are on the horizon for rectal prolapse treatment? Researchers are exploring regenerative medicine techniques, such as stem cell therapy, to enhance tissue repair and muscle strength in the rectal area. These innovative approaches may offer new hope for patients with recurrent or complex cases of rectal prolapse.

The Importance of Early Detection and Intervention

Recognizing the signs of rectal prolapse early can lead to more effective treatment and better outcomes. Individuals experiencing any symptoms associated with rectal prolapse should seek medical attention promptly. Healthcare providers can offer guidance on appropriate interventions, ranging from conservative measures to surgical options.

Early intervention not only addresses the physical aspects of rectal prolapse but also helps prevent potential complications and improves overall quality of life. By working closely with healthcare professionals, patients can develop a comprehensive management plan tailored to their specific needs and circumstances.

How can awareness about rectal prolapse be increased in the community? Educational initiatives, including public health campaigns and discussions during routine medical check-ups, can help raise awareness about the symptoms and risk factors of rectal prolapse. This increased knowledge can encourage individuals to seek timely medical advice and potentially prevent the progression of the condition.

Rectal prolapse – Better Health Channel

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Summary

Read the full fact sheet

We do not know the exact cause of rectal prolapse, but risk factors include chronic constipation, straining to pass bowel motions, and weakened pelvic floor muscles.
Treatment includes surgery, performed through the abdomen or via the anus, to tether the rectum into place.
A diet that successfully treats constipation is often all that’s needed to cure rectal prolapse in young children.

The rectum is the last 20 cm or so of the large bowel. It is the temporary storage area for bowel motions. Rectal prolapse occurs when the rectum turns itself inside out and comes out through the anus. Without treatment, the rectum will eventually need to be pushed back in manually.

Women are six times more likely to suffer rectal prolapse than men. Children of both sexes under the age of three years are also commonly affected by rectal prolapse, although the prolapse tends to resolve by itself without the need for surgery.

In the early stages of rectal prolapse, a portion of the rectum slips out while passing a bowel motion, but it goes back inside by itself.

Symptoms of rectal prolapse

The symptoms of rectal prolapse depend on the severity, but can include:

Pain and discomfort felt deep within the lower abdomen
Blood and mucus from the anus
The feeling of constipation, or that the rectum is never completely emptied after passing a motion
Difficulties passing a bowel motion
Protrusion of the rectum through the anus
The need to use huge quantities of toilet paper to clean up following a bowel motion
Leakage of liquefied faeces, particularly following a bowel motion
Faecal incontinence, or reduced ability to control the bowels.

Types of rectal prolapse

Rectal prolapse is graded according to its severity, including:

Internal prolapse – the rectum has prolapsed, but not so far as to slip through the anus. This is also known as incomplete prolapse
Mucosal prolapse – the interior lining of the rectum protrudes through the anus
External prolapse – the entire thickness of the rectum protrudes through the anus. This is also known as complete or full-thickness prolapse.

Causes of rectal prolapse

The exact cause of rectal prolapse is unknown, but risk factors include:

Chronic constipation
Straining to pass bowel motions
Weakened pelvic floor muscles
Weakened anal sphincter muscles
Weakening of the muscles associated with ageing, since rectal prolapse is more common in people aged 65 years and over
Genetic susceptibility, since it appears that some people with rectal prolapse have a blood relative with the same condition
Parasitic infection, such as schistosomiasis – very rare in Australia
Any condition that chronically increases pressure within the abdomen, such as benign prostatic hypertrophy, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Structural problems with the ligaments that tether the rectum to its surrounds
Congenital problems of the bowel, such as Hirschsprung’s disease or neuronal intestinal dysplasia
Prior trauma to the lower back
Disc disease in the lower back.

Complications of rectal prolapse

Complications of rectal prolapse include:

Risk of damage to the rectum, such as ulceration and bleeding
Incarceration – the rectum can’t be manually pushed back inside the body
Strangulation of the rectum – the blood supply is reduced
Death and decay (gangrene) of the strangulated section of the rectum.

Diagnosis of rectal prolapse

Rectal prolapse is diagnosed by examination. In cases where the rectum goes back inside by itself after passing a bowel motion, the person may have to bear down during examination by the doctor to show the prolapse in order to confirm the diagnosis.

In cases of suspected internal prolapse, diagnostic tests may include ultrasound, special x-rays and measurement of the anorectal muscle activity (anorectal manometry). If the person has experienced rectal bleeding, the doctor may want to do a number of tests to check for other conditions such as bowel cancer.

About 11 per cent of children with rectal prolapse have cystic fibrosis, so it is important to test young people for this condition too.

Treatment for rectal prolapse

Treatment depends on many individual factors, such as the age of the person, the severity of the prolapse, and whether or not other pelvic abnormalities are present (such as prolapsed bladder). Treatment options can include:

Diet and lifestyle changes to treat chronic constipation – for example, more fruit, vegetables and wholegrain foods, increased fluid intake and regular exercise. This option is often all that’s needed to successfully treat rectal prolapse in young children
Securing the structures in place with surgical rubber bands – in cases of mucosal prolapse
Surgery.

Surgery for rectal prolapse

Surgery is sometimes used to secure the rectum into place. It can be performed through the person’s abdomen or via their anus. One operation involves tethering the rectum to the central bone of the pelvis (sacrum). Another operation is to remove the prolapsed part of the rectum and to rejoin the bowel to restore near-normal bowel function.

Although surgery through the abdomen may give better long-term results, older people may be advised to undergo surgical correction via the anus, since it is easier to recover from this procedure.

Before surgery for rectal prolapse

The day before surgery, you will be asked to fast, and may need to drink a special preparation to help flush out your bowels. Once you are in hospital, the anaesthetist will visit you to see what sort of anaesthetic is best for you. You may be given medication in the hours before the operation to prepare you for anaesthesia and make you feel drowsy.

Rectal prolapse operation procedure

The various types of surgery include:

Laparotomy (open abdominal surgery) – the surgeon uses a single, large incision (cut) in the abdomen. Then the surgeon carefully moves aside the overlying organs. To stop the rectum prolapsing, it is lifted, pulled straight and stitched directly to the inner surface of the sacrum (central bone of the pelvis). Sometimes, a short length of bowel may be removed
Laparoscopy (keyhole abdominal surgery) – laparoscopy may be possible in some cases. This involves inserting slender instruments through a number of small incisions in the abdomen. Recovery time following laparoscopy is usually quicker than open surgery
Anal surgery – under anaesthesia, the surgeon gently pulls out the prolapsed bowel through the anus. The prolapsed section of bowel is usually removed and the structural damage repaired. The bowel is rejoined and returned back through the anus to restore normal bowel function and appearance.

Other forms of treatment for rectal prolapse

Surgery is the best option for severe rectal prolapse. Other possible forms of treatment may include:

Lifestyle changes – including high-fibre diet, drinking plenty of water and getting regular exercise
Change to toileting habits – such as not straining when trying to pass a bowel motion. This may require using fibre supplements or laxatives.

Immediately after surgery for rectal prolapse

After your operation for rectal prolapse or rectocele, things you can expect include:

Hospital staff will observe and note your temperature, pulse, breathing and blood pressure.
You will have an intravenous fluid line in your arm to replace fluids in your body.
You will receive pain-relieving medications. Tell your nurse if you need more pain relief.
You may have a catheter to drain off urine for the next day or so, or until you can empty your bladder by yourself.
If you have a vaginal pack, this will be taken out later the same day or the day after surgery.
You may be in hospital for three to six days following surgery.
You will need to make follow-up appointments with your doctor.

Complications of surgery for rectal prolapse

Possible complications of surgery include:

Allergic reaction to the anaesthetic
Haemorrhage
Infection
Injury to nearby nerves or blood vessels
Damage to other pelvic organs, such as the bladder or rectum
Death (necrosis) of the rectal wall
Recurrence of the rectal prolapse.

Taking care of yourself at home after surgery for rectal prolapse

Be guided by your doctor, but general suggestions include:

Rest as much as you can.
Avoid heavy lifting or straining for a few weeks.
Don’t strain on the toilet.
Take measures to prevent constipation, such as eating high-fibre foods and drinking plenty of water.
After rectocele surgery, expect bloody vaginal discharge for about four weeks.
Contact your doctor if you experience any unusual symptoms, such as difficulties with urination, heavy bleeding, fever, or signs of infection around the wound sites.
You can expect to return to work around six weeks after surgery.
Attend follow-up appointments with your surgeon.

Long-term outlook after surgery for rectal prolapse

While surgery through the abdomen gives better results, older people may be advised to undergo surgical correction of rectal prolapse via the anus, since this procedure is less stressful on the body.

Surgery gives good results in most cases of rectal prolapse, but some people may find that symptoms such as constipation or the inability to completely empty the bowels continue.

Unfortunately for women with rectocele, the problem will recur after surgery in about 10 per cent of cases.

Where to get help

Your doctor
Colorectal or general surgeon

Things to remember

We do not know the exact cause of rectal prolapse, but risk factors include chronic constipation, straining to pass bowel motions, and weakened pelvic floor muscles.
Treatment includes surgery, performed through the abdomen or via the anus, to tether the rectum into place.
A diet that successfully treats constipation is often all that’s needed to cure rectal prolapse in young children.

This page has been produced in consultation with and approved
by:

Give feedback about this page

Was this page helpful?

More information

Content disclaimer

Content on this website is provided for information purposes only. Information about a therapy, service, product or treatment does not in any way endorse or support such therapy, service, product or treatment and is not intended to replace advice from your doctor or other registered health professional. The information and materials contained on this website are not intended to constitute a comprehensive guide concerning all aspects of the therapy, product or treatment described on the website. All users are urged to always seek advice from a registered health care professional for diagnosis and answers to their medical questions and to ascertain whether the particular therapy, service, product or treatment described on the website is suitable in their circumstances. The State of Victoria and the Department of Health shall not bear any liability for reliance by any user on the materials contained on this website.

Reviewed on: 30-09-2014

Rectal prolapse – Better Health Channel

Actions for this page

Summary

Read the full fact sheet

We do not know the exact cause of rectal prolapse, but risk factors include chronic constipation, straining to pass bowel motions, and weakened pelvic floor muscles.
Treatment includes surgery, performed through the abdomen or via the anus, to tether the rectum into place.
A diet that successfully treats constipation is often all that’s needed to cure rectal prolapse in young children.

In the early stages of rectal prolapse, a portion of the rectum slips out while passing a bowel motion, but it goes back inside by itself.

Symptoms of rectal prolapse

The symptoms of rectal prolapse depend on the severity, but can include:

Pain and discomfort felt deep within the lower abdomen
Blood and mucus from the anus
The feeling of constipation, or that the rectum is never completely emptied after passing a motion
Difficulties passing a bowel motion
Protrusion of the rectum through the anus
The need to use huge quantities of toilet paper to clean up following a bowel motion
Leakage of liquefied faeces, particularly following a bowel motion
Faecal incontinence, or reduced ability to control the bowels.

Types of rectal prolapse

Rectal prolapse is graded according to its severity, including:

Internal prolapse – the rectum has prolapsed, but not so far as to slip through the anus. This is also known as incomplete prolapse
Mucosal prolapse – the interior lining of the rectum protrudes through the anus
External prolapse – the entire thickness of the rectum protrudes through the anus. This is also known as complete or full-thickness prolapse.

Causes of rectal prolapse

The exact cause of rectal prolapse is unknown, but risk factors include:

Chronic constipation
Straining to pass bowel motions
Weakened pelvic floor muscles
Weakened anal sphincter muscles
Weakening of the muscles associated with ageing, since rectal prolapse is more common in people aged 65 years and over
Genetic susceptibility, since it appears that some people with rectal prolapse have a blood relative with the same condition
Parasitic infection, such as schistosomiasis – very rare in Australia
Any condition that chronically increases pressure within the abdomen, such as benign prostatic hypertrophy, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Structural problems with the ligaments that tether the rectum to its surrounds
Congenital problems of the bowel, such as Hirschsprung’s disease or neuronal intestinal dysplasia
Prior trauma to the lower back
Disc disease in the lower back.

Complications of rectal prolapse

Complications of rectal prolapse include:

Risk of damage to the rectum, such as ulceration and bleeding
Incarceration – the rectum can’t be manually pushed back inside the body
Strangulation of the rectum – the blood supply is reduced
Death and decay (gangrene) of the strangulated section of the rectum.

Diagnosis of rectal prolapse

About 11 per cent of children with rectal prolapse have cystic fibrosis, so it is important to test young people for this condition too.

Treatment for rectal prolapse

Diet and lifestyle changes to treat chronic constipation – for example, more fruit, vegetables and wholegrain foods, increased fluid intake and regular exercise. This option is often all that’s needed to successfully treat rectal prolapse in young children
Securing the structures in place with surgical rubber bands – in cases of mucosal prolapse
Surgery.

Surgery for rectal prolapse

Although surgery through the abdomen may give better long-term results, older people may be advised to undergo surgical correction via the anus, since it is easier to recover from this procedure.

Before surgery for rectal prolapse

Rectal prolapse operation procedure

The various types of surgery include:

Laparotomy (open abdominal surgery) – the surgeon uses a single, large incision (cut) in the abdomen. Then the surgeon carefully moves aside the overlying organs. To stop the rectum prolapsing, it is lifted, pulled straight and stitched directly to the inner surface of the sacrum (central bone of the pelvis). Sometimes, a short length of bowel may be removed
Laparoscopy (keyhole abdominal surgery) – laparoscopy may be possible in some cases. This involves inserting slender instruments through a number of small incisions in the abdomen. Recovery time following laparoscopy is usually quicker than open surgery
Anal surgery – under anaesthesia, the surgeon gently pulls out the prolapsed bowel through the anus. The prolapsed section of bowel is usually removed and the structural damage repaired. The bowel is rejoined and returned back through the anus to restore normal bowel function and appearance.

Other forms of treatment for rectal prolapse

Surgery is the best option for severe rectal prolapse. Other possible forms of treatment may include:

Lifestyle changes – including high-fibre diet, drinking plenty of water and getting regular exercise
Change to toileting habits – such as not straining when trying to pass a bowel motion. This may require using fibre supplements or laxatives.

Immediately after surgery for rectal prolapse

After your operation for rectal prolapse or rectocele, things you can expect include:

Hospital staff will observe and note your temperature, pulse, breathing and blood pressure.
You will have an intravenous fluid line in your arm to replace fluids in your body.
You will receive pain-relieving medications. Tell your nurse if you need more pain relief.
You may have a catheter to drain off urine for the next day or so, or until you can empty your bladder by yourself.
If you have a vaginal pack, this will be taken out later the same day or the day after surgery.
You may be in hospital for three to six days following surgery.
You will need to make follow-up appointments with your doctor.

Complications of surgery for rectal prolapse

Possible complications of surgery include:

Allergic reaction to the anaesthetic
Haemorrhage
Infection
Injury to nearby nerves or blood vessels
Damage to other pelvic organs, such as the bladder or rectum
Death (necrosis) of the rectal wall
Recurrence of the rectal prolapse.

Taking care of yourself at home after surgery for rectal prolapse

Be guided by your doctor, but general suggestions include:

Rest as much as you can.
Avoid heavy lifting or straining for a few weeks.
Don’t strain on the toilet.
Take measures to prevent constipation, such as eating high-fibre foods and drinking plenty of water.
After rectocele surgery, expect bloody vaginal discharge for about four weeks.
Contact your doctor if you experience any unusual symptoms, such as difficulties with urination, heavy bleeding, fever, or signs of infection around the wound sites.
You can expect to return to work around six weeks after surgery.
Attend follow-up appointments with your surgeon.

Long-term outlook after surgery for rectal prolapse

While surgery through the abdomen gives better results, older people may be advised to undergo surgical correction of rectal prolapse via the anus, since this procedure is less stressful on the body.

Surgery gives good results in most cases of rectal prolapse, but some people may find that symptoms such as constipation or the inability to completely empty the bowels continue.

Unfortunately for women with rectocele, the problem will recur after surgery in about 10 per cent of cases.

Where to get help

Your doctor
Colorectal or general surgeon

Things to remember

We do not know the exact cause of rectal prolapse, but risk factors include chronic constipation, straining to pass bowel motions, and weakened pelvic floor muscles.
Treatment includes surgery, performed through the abdomen or via the anus, to tether the rectum into place.
A diet that successfully treats constipation is often all that’s needed to cure rectal prolapse in young children.

This page has been produced in consultation with and approved
by:

Give feedback about this page

Was this page helpful?

More information

Content disclaimer

Reviewed on: 30-09-2014

Treatment of rectal prolapse in Moscow at Stolitsa clinic

How do we treat rectal prolapse

pelvic muscles.
Most often, this pathology is simultaneously combined with the prolapse of the uterus and vagina. That is why it requires careful diagnosis and complex treatment, which will help return the organs to their normal anatomical position and strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor.

Symptoms of rectal prolapse

In the early stages, rectal prolapse is hardly noticeable. Over time, progressing, the disease manifests itself with the following symptoms:

Pain during defecation
Inability to empty the bowels without excessive straining
Feeling of incomplete emptying of the bowels
Inability to go to the toilet without laxatives or enemas
Frequent false urge to empty the bowels
Foreign body sensation in anus
Mucous or bloody discharge from the anus (if there has been an injury to the rectum)

Please note: if you already have at least one of these symptoms, then the prolapse of the rectum is progressing and sooner or later will lead to even more serious complications (for example, ulcers or infections), which are very difficult to treat.
To avoid this, it is important to diagnose diseases in time and take the necessary measures. Only an experienced doctor can do this. Therefore, do not self-medicate, which still does not help you. Book an appointment with our experts.

Causes of rectal prolapse

Rectal prolapse is caused by weakening of the pelvic floor muscles. This weakening is usually based on several causes, which may include:

Congenital failure of the pelvic muscles
Age-related weakening of the pelvic floor muscles
Frequent and prolonged constipation
Difficult delivery with trauma
Too long labor
Late delivery
The habit of sitting on the toilet for a long time, which is formed from childhood
Violent evacuation efforts
Violent cough due to various diseases of the lungs and upper respiratory tract: (bronchitis, pneumonia, influenza)
Obesity or sudden weight loss
Heavy physical labor involving heavy lifting

Degrees of prolapse of the rectum

Grade I: As a rule, there are no unpleasant sensations, but a slight protrusion of the rectum can be detected during examination
II degree: there are already difficulties, pain and discomfort during bowel movements, rectal prolapse is visually observed
III degree: in addition to pain, discomfort and difficulty in defecation, there is a painful urge to empty the bowels, a feeling of incomplete emptying, bleeding from the rectum occurs, anal fissures and ulcers of the mucous membrane develop

Complications and consequences of rectal prolapse

Over time, if the prolapse of the rectum is not treated, serious complications will inevitably arise, among which the most common are:

Inflammation of the rectum (proctitis)
Profuse and painful bleeding from the rectum
Deep anal fissures
Fistulas
Anemia (due to frequent and subtle blood loss as a result of microtrauma of the rectum)

Prevention of rectal prolapse

A healthy lifestyle, professional pregnancy management and competent childbirth – all this greatly reduces the risk of prolapse of the rectum and other organs.
A balanced diet is essential: eat more high-fiber foods (fruits, vegetables, herbs), avoid fried, smoked, overly hot or spicy foods, avoid processed foods, and avoid snacking on the run.
It is important to promptly treat diseases of the lungs and upper respiratory tract that cause severe coughing, as well as diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, among which constipation occupies a leading position.
It is equally important not to bother yourself with excessive physical activity, which over the years leads to weakening of the pelvic muscles and, as a result, prolapse of the internal organs.

Diagnosis of prolapse of the rectum

In case of prolapse of the rectum and other organs (uterus, vagina, bladder), it is important to understand what led to the weakening of the pelvic muscles, determine the degree of prolapse, assess the condition and work of neighboring organs, exclude infections and inflammations. That is why a comprehensive diagnosis is important.

Anamnesis: when abdominal pains and discomfort during bowel movements appeared, feeling of incomplete emptying, constipation and bleeding from the rectum, any diseases, whether there were operations, did any of the close relatives suffer from rectocele or other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract tract
Palpation of the abdomen and rectum

Laboratory diagnostics:

Blood tests (biochemical and clinical) – help to detect anemia that often accompanies rectal prolapse, inflammatory reactions, diseases of the liver, pancreas and kidneys
Fecal occult blood test – if bowel occult bleeding is suspected
Coprogram – fecal analysis that helps to evaluate the efficiency of bowel function

Instrumental diagnostics:

Dynamic defecoproctography (X-ray of the intestine during emptying) – helps to identify possible damage to the musculoskeletal system
Sigmoidoscopy (visual examination of the rectum and some parts of the sigmoid colon with an endoscope) – helps to accurately diagnose rectal prolapse even at a very early stage
Colonoscopy – Helps to identify pathology of the colon
CT – helps to assess the condition of the liver, pancreas, bladder, kidneys and identify possible complications
Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity and small pelvis – helps to assess the condition of the gallbladder, biliary tract, pancreas, kidneys, intestines and determine the retention of feces in the intestines

To rule out or confirm prolapse of other organs (uterus, vagina and bladder), your doctor will refer you to a consultation with a gynecologist and urologist.

Rectal prolapse treatment

Many people turn a blind eye to the symptoms of rectal prolapse and get used to living with them. This is a dangerous attitude, fraught with big problems in the future: after all, if the omission has begun, it will only progress and worsen, and sooner or later lead to complications that will irreversibly spoil your health and quality of life.
Rectal prolapse needs to be treated. How exactly – will be determined by your attending physician based on the results of a thorough preliminary diagnosis.
Treatment can be conservative or surgical. The operation is prescribed when other non-surgical methods of treatment do not work.

Conservative treatment of rectal prolapse

Bandage
A special device that holds the pelvic organs, intestines and rectum in a normal anatomical position. The bandage is selected by the attending physician based on the degree of prolapse and your individual characteristics. It is very important to use the bandage correctly: put it on and take it off only in the supine position.
Therapeutic massage
Performed only by a specialist. Helps strengthen the pelvic floor muscles and, as a result, return the rectum to its normal position.

Special gymnastics
Restores the tone of the pelvic muscles and returns the lowered organs to their normal position. It is carried out at home. It is important to get training from a specialist who will show you how to do the exercises.
Diet
Avoid foods that cause gas and constipation. The diet that is right for you will be selected by a nutritionist, to whom your doctor will refer you.
Medications
It is important not only to remove the cause of the disease, but also to remove the unpleasant symptoms that spoil the quality of life. This will help various painkillers and laxatives, which the attending physician will select individually based on the intensity of their manifestation, your intolerance to certain drugs and the general condition of your body.
When these treatments do not work and your condition worsens, your doctor will refer you for surgery to fix your rectum in the correct anatomical position. The operation technique is selected depending on the degree of prolapse, the presence or absence of prolapse of other organs, concomitant diseases, your general condition and a number of other factors.

Surgical treatment of rectal prolapse: why in the network of clinics “Capital”?

Comprehensive approach

In order to understand what caused the weakening of the pelvic muscles in you and to develop the right tactics for surgical intervention, we conduct a comprehensive diagnosis, involve related specialists (urologist, gynecologist, nutritionist) to clarify the diagnosis and select the method of surgical intervention based on the degree of prolapse, pathologies of neighboring organs, your age and a number of other important factors.

State-of-the-art operating room

Two operating rooms and an intensive care unit are equipped with high-tech premium surgical equipment, thanks to which we successfully perform various operations on the prolapse of the rectum and other organs and return you to health, no matter the complexity of your case.

First-class surgeons

Even high-tech equipment without good surgeons is just machines. Over the years of successful practice, our specialists have performed a huge number of operations and helped hundreds of people return to a full life. Turning to us, remember: we will thoroughly understand your situation, perform the operation that is necessary for you, and help you recover.

Modern surgery

High-tech mesh surgery is the most effective treatment for rectal prolapse.
Operations are performed without general anesthesia, are almost painless and help to gently fix the rectovaginal septum and remove the protrusion of the rectum.
The modern fixing meshes (implants) that we use have a unique pattern, thanks to which they can be attached to the ligaments of the small pelvis and securely fix the rectovaginal septum.
Please note: implants are absolutely safe and do not cause infections, as they are chemically inert when in contact with body tissues.

After the operation

After the operation, you will be transferred to a cozy 1- and 2-bed ward with everything you need, where you will feel comfortable and comfortable, and our specialists will carefully monitor your condition. The rehabilitation period directly depends on the type of operation performed and varies from a day to several days.

Contraindications for surgical treatment of rectal prolapse

There are several conditions and pathologies in which surgery cannot be performed:

Progressive diseases of the internal organs
Acute cardiovascular diseases
Miscellaneous infectious diseases
Inflammatory diseases of the genital organs
Poor blood clotting
Venereal diseases
Tissue tendency to excessive scarring
Progressive diabetes mellitus

How much surgical treatment is necessary and possible in your particular case, our specialists will determine based on the results of preliminary diagnostics.
Please note: timely diagnosis of rectal prolapse is the key to successful treatment, because the sooner this pathology is detected, the easier and easier it is to remove.
If you are concerned about any symptoms associated with bowel movements, whether it be pain, constipation, spotting or anything else, do not waste precious time and money on self-medication. Book an appointment with our experts now.

Omission of the stomach and intestines in Moscow

The diagnosis of gastroptosis is a common problem that occurs for a number of reasons. In official medicine, there are still no effective methods to combat this phenomenon. The specialists of the Sagan Dali clinic offer patients a non-surgical technology for the treatment of gastric prolapse. The technique is highly effective, has no analogues. The therapeutic scheme is based on oriental medicine.

Convenient location: in the center of Moscow, 10 minutes from metro Rizhskaya and Prospekt Mira

Comprehensive treatment aimed at restoring and harmonizing the whole body

Certified specialists from Mongolia, Korea, China

Individual approach to the treatment plan

Excellent prices

9000 6 Submit a request

What is the disease, causes

The term “omission of organs” means their lower position compared to the norm. As a rule, the stomach and intestines suffer. Against the background of this process, many chronic diseases arise. Ptosis of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) can be hereditary and acquired. Often people with such a diagnosis suffer from aching pain in the abdomen, small pelvis.
The following circumstances precede the pathological process:

disturbances in the metabolic process;

severe birth process;

permanent physical overvoltages;

overweight.

More often the diagnosis is made in women or people over 60 years of age. Also at risk are people who have undergone gastric bypass surgery, long-term use of PPIs, those suffering from diabetes, autoimmune thyroid diseases.

Symptoms of gastroptosis

Depending on the stage, corresponding manifestations are observed. In the initial phase, there are usually no symptoms. As gastroptosis develops, the clinical picture grows. The main symptoms include:

epigastric pain that appears immediately after eating;

discomfort in the stomach after physical activity.

Excessive distension of the stomach causes pain. They are whining. Sometimes pain is given to the sternum. Many mistakenly think that they have a heartache. Discomfort is eliminated by tightening the abdomen, after taking a horizontal position.
If the patient has concomitant diseases in a chronic form, their exacerbation occurs. Often the disease is accompanied by an inflection of the duodenum. This makes it difficult for food to pass through the intestinal tract. People complain of belching, constipation, urge to vomit.
At the time of diagnosis, patients with gastroptosis usually have a slightly droopy lower abdomen. In the supine position, the upper abdominal part sinks significantly, a pulsating aorta is visible. Additionally, patients are prescribed ultrasound in order to exclude concomitant pathologies.

In the event of a prolapse of the large intestine, pain occurs in the lower abdomen, flatulence, and constipation. Colonoptosis is less common than gastroptosis. The intestine presses on the bladder, reproductive organs, prostate. In men, against the background of the disease, prostatitis, prostate adenoma often occurs. Women are more prone to the development of inflammation in the genitourinary region, menstrual irregularities against the background of gastroptosis. The bend of the uterus makes it difficult to conceive. Still prolapse of the stomach can be the cause of miscarriages.

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Oriental medicine: causes of gastroptosis

According to the proponents of Oriental medicine, gastroptosis occurs in a certain psychological temperament of people.

People, from the point of view of Tibetan medicine of the Mucus constitution, often have swelling on the face, under the eyes, frequent runny nose. They suffer from constipation, a feeling of heaviness in the abdomen after eating.

People with bile type (choleric) are characterized by increased irritability, stiffness in the cervical and thoracic spine, heartburn, high blood pressure, unstable stools.

Sanguine people are prone to hemorrhoids, varicose veins on the legs, abdominal pain of nervous etiology, chronic constipation, belching. They are also not resistant to stressful situations.

A common cause of ptosis is hereditary weakness of the muscles and ligaments that support the organs in their normal position. Usually omission occurs in sanguine people. They are thin-boned, lean, asthenic. They should not carry heavy objects, get involved in diets, overeat, lead a passive lifestyle.

Treatment of prolapse of the stomach and intestines

In the Tibetan Medicine Medical Center, treatment of prolapse of the intestine is carried out according to the author’s method, based on the ancient traditions of Tibetan medicine. Since ancient times, people have been treated for gastroptosis with the help of traditional healers. They fought pathology through massage, healing herbs. Our method of treatment of prolapse of the stomach and intestines is based on the integration of the experience of ancient healers and oriental medicine. The goal of therapy is the elimination of disorders in tissues, ligaments, strengthening the muscle tone of internal organs. Specialists restore these systems through a series of therapeutic manipulations.

The therapeutic regimen is aimed at restoring the organ by stimulating blood flow, stopping spasms, and increasing overall muscle tone. Results can be achieved after 5-6 sessions. The symptoms of gastroptosis disappear in patients, the digestive function is restored.
Thanks to preparations from natural ingredients, the fiery metabolic energy of digestion increases. The doctor performs acupressure of the abdomen and groin using sesame oil. Tibetan medicine recommends the following treatment tactics:

acupressure;

acupuncture;

moxibustion;

vacuum therapy;

phytotherapy.

Reflex actions performed by a doctor – acupressure of the abdomen and inguinal region with sesame oil, acupuncture, warming with wormwood cigars, placing cans in the navel area increase the tone of the smooth muscles of the internal organs, relieve spasms in the stomach and intestines, relieve chronic osteochondrosis, improve trophic and nerve impulse conduction. All this contributes to the restoration of the correct anatomical position of the abdominal cavity and small pelvis.

Rehabilitation required after treatment. The process consists in performing exercise therapy exercises, developing rational walking skills, and following a dietary diet. It is necessary to perform the exercises correctly, regularly. The average recovery period takes 2-3 months. The sooner you seek help, the higher the chances of a quick recovery.

Our advantages

འགོ་འཛུགས་ལ་ག་རེ་དགོས་རེད

Safe Oriental Healing TechniquesHolistic Comprehensive Approach to HealingTreat Diseases at the Early StagesStart Self-Healing Processes organismThree schools of oriental medicine

Our doctors

སྨན་ཁང་གི་ལས་བྱེད་པ་

Batomunkuev Alexander Sergeevich

Head doctor of the clinic. Therapist, reflexologist