Tea tree oil sting. Tea Tree Oil Side Effects: Understanding Skin Reactions and Inhalation Risks

22.07.202304.07.2023 by alexxlab

What are the potential side effects of tea tree oil on skin. How can tea tree oil inhalation affect your health. Is tea tree oil safe for internal use. What precautions should be taken when using tea tree oil.

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Understanding Tea Tree Oil: Benefits and Uses

Tea tree oil, derived from the leaves of the Australian tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia), has gained popularity for its diverse health benefits. This essential oil is renowned for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a versatile natural remedy for various conditions.

Common Uses of Tea Tree Oil

Treating skin conditions (acne, athlete’s foot, dandruff)
Combating head lice and scabies
Disinfecting cuts, burns, and insect bites
Alleviating respiratory symptoms
Ingredient in cosmetic and cleaning products

Despite its benefits, it’s crucial to understand the potential side effects and proper usage of tea tree oil to ensure safe application.

Topical Application: Skin Reactions and Precautions

When applied to the skin, tea tree oil can sometimes cause irritation, especially if used undiluted or in high concentrations. Understanding these potential reactions is essential for safe use.

Common Skin Irritation Symptoms

Redness and inflammation
Dry or scaly patches
Itching and discomfort
Burning or stinging sensations

Can tea tree oil cause allergic reactions? Yes, some individuals may develop allergic contact dermatitis, resulting in a red, swollen, and itchy rash. This reaction can occur with both fresh and older tea tree oil, though improperly stored or aged oil may increase the risk.

Dilution Guidelines

To minimize the risk of skin irritation, always dilute tea tree oil before applying it to the skin. A general rule of thumb is to mix 1-2 drops of tea tree oil with 12 drops of a carrier oil, such as coconut oil or jojoba oil. This creates a safe 2-4% dilution suitable for most skin applications.

Inhalation Risks: Aromatherapy Considerations

Tea tree oil is often used in aromatherapy through diffusers or steam inhalation. While generally safe when used properly, excessive inhalation can lead to adverse effects.

Potential Symptoms from Overexposure

Headaches
Nausea
Dizziness or vertigo

How long should you inhale tea tree oil? Limit aromatherapy sessions to 30 minutes at a time, with breaks in between. Use only 3-5 drops of tea tree oil in a diffuser, and ensure proper ventilation in the room.

Internal Use: Dangers and Toxicity

It is crucial to understand that tea tree oil should never be ingested. Swallowing this essential oil can lead to severe toxicity and potentially life-threatening complications.

Symptoms of Tea Tree Oil Poisoning

Drowsiness and confusion
Uncoordinated movements (ataxia)
Loss of consciousness
Severe digestive distress

Why is tea tree oil toxic when swallowed? Tea tree oil contains compounds that can be harmful when metabolized internally, potentially causing organ damage and neurological issues. Always keep tea tree oil out of reach of children and pets to prevent accidental ingestion.

Special Considerations for Children and Pets

Children and pets are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of tea tree oil. Extra caution is necessary when using this essential oil in households with young family members or animals.

Risks for Children

A 2007 study reported a case of abnormal breast growth in a young boy who regularly used hair products containing tea tree and lavender oils. The condition resolved after discontinuing use of these products. While more research is needed, this case highlights the importance of careful use around children.

Precautions for Pet Owners

Pets, especially cats and dogs, can be highly sensitive to essential oils. Tea tree oil can cause severe toxicity in animals, even in small amounts. Symptoms of pet poisoning may include:

Weakness and lethargy
Tremors or seizures
Difficulty walking or uncoordinated movement
Drooling or vomiting

How can you safely use tea tree oil around pets? If you choose to use tea tree oil in your home, ensure that pets cannot access the oil or products containing it. Consider using pet-safe alternatives for cleaning and aromatherapy in households with animals.

Quality and Storage: Ensuring Safe Usage

The quality and proper storage of tea tree oil can significantly impact its safety and efficacy. Understanding how to select and maintain your essential oil is crucial for minimizing potential side effects.

Choosing High-Quality Tea Tree Oil

Look for 100% pure, organic tea tree oil
Check for the botanical name (Melaleuca alternifolia) on the label
Choose oils in dark glass bottles to protect from light degradation
Consider reputable brands with third-party testing

How does tea tree oil quality affect its safety? Higher quality oils are less likely to contain contaminants or adulterants that may increase the risk of adverse reactions. Additionally, properly sourced and processed tea tree oil will maintain its beneficial properties more effectively.

Proper Storage Techniques

To maintain the quality and safety of your tea tree oil:

Store in a cool, dark place away from direct sunlight
Keep the bottle tightly sealed when not in use
Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures
Check the expiration date and discard old oil

Does tea tree oil expire? Yes, like all essential oils, tea tree oil can degrade over time. Most experts recommend using tea tree oil within 1-2 years of opening for best results and safety. Older oil may be more likely to cause skin irritation or lose its therapeutic properties.

Alternative Uses and Safety Measures

While tea tree oil has numerous benefits, its potential side effects may lead some individuals to seek alternatives. Understanding safe usage and exploring other options can help maximize the benefits of essential oils while minimizing risks.

Safe Application Methods

Patch testing before widespread use
Using properly diluted oil in skincare routines
Incorporating tea tree oil into DIY cleaning solutions
Adding a few drops to shampoo or conditioner for scalp health

How can you perform a patch test for tea tree oil? Apply a small amount of diluted tea tree oil to the inside of your forearm. Cover with a bandage and wait 24 hours. If no irritation occurs, it’s likely safe for more extensive use.

Alternative Essential Oils

For those sensitive to tea tree oil or looking for variety, consider these alternatives with similar properties:

Lavender oil (for skin soothing and relaxation)
Eucalyptus oil (for respiratory support)
Peppermint oil (for headache relief and invigoration)
Lemon oil (for cleaning and mood enhancement)

Can you combine tea tree oil with other essential oils? Yes, tea tree oil can be safely combined with many other essential oils to create custom blends. However, always ensure proper dilution and be aware of the properties and potential interactions of each oil in the mixture.

Consulting Healthcare Professionals: When to Seek Advice

While tea tree oil can be a valuable addition to your natural health toolkit, it’s important to know when to consult a healthcare professional for guidance or treatment.

Situations Requiring Medical Attention

Persistent or severe skin reactions
Allergic reactions or difficulty breathing
Accidental ingestion of tea tree oil
Interactions with medications or existing health conditions

How do you know if you’re having an allergic reaction to tea tree oil? Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include widespread rash, hives, severe itching, swelling (especially of the face, tongue, or throat), and difficulty breathing. If you experience these symptoms, seek immediate medical attention.

Discussing Essential Oil Use with Your Doctor

Before incorporating tea tree oil or any essential oil into your healthcare routine, consider discussing it with your healthcare provider, especially if you:

Are pregnant or breastfeeding
Have chronic health conditions
Take regular medications
Plan to use essential oils on young children

Can tea tree oil interact with medications? While research is limited, there is potential for tea tree oil to interact with certain medications, particularly those metabolized by the liver. Your healthcare provider can offer personalized advice based on your medical history and current treatments.

By understanding the potential side effects, proper usage, and safety considerations of tea tree oil, you can harness its benefits while minimizing risks. Remember that natural remedies, while often beneficial, still require careful consideration and respect for their potent properties. With the right knowledge and precautions, tea tree oil can be a valuable addition to your natural health and wellness arsenal.

On Your Skin and Inhalation

Tea Tree Oil Side Effects: On Your Skin and Inhalation

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Medically reviewed by Cynthia Cobb, DNP, APRN, WHNP-BC, FAANP — By Jill Seladi-Schulman, Ph. D. on November 14, 2019

Tea tree oil is a type of essential oil that comes from the leaves of the Australian tea tree. It has several health-related benefits, including antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities.

Tea tree oil can be used to help treat a variety of conditions, particularly issues related to the skin. It can also be found as an ingredient in some cosmetic and cleaning products.

Even though tea tree oil is generally well-tolerated, there are some potential side effects to know about. Continue reading as we explore tea tree oil, its side effects, and how to use it safely.

While research suggests there are health benefits, the FDA doesn’t monitor or regulate the purity or quality of essential oils. It’s important to talk with a healthcare professional before you begin using essential oils and be sure to research the quality of a brand’s products. Always do a patch test before trying a new essential oil.

While research suggests there are health benefits, the FDA doesn’t monitor or regulate the purity or quality of essential oils. It’s important to talk with a healthcare professional before you begin using essential oils and be sure to research the quality of a brand’s products. Always do a patch test before trying a new essential oil.

Research into the benefits of tea tree oil is ongoing. Based on what’s currently known about tea tree oil, it’s sometimes used as a natural treatment for certain health conditions, such as:

skin conditions, including acne, athlete’s foot, and dandruff
head lice and scabies
cuts, burns, and insect bites
respiratory symptoms, such as cough and congestion

Tea tree oil is also used in many cosmetic products, such as shampoos, lotions, and soaps. Additionally, it can be included as an ingredient in some household cleaning products.

The possible side effects of tea tree oil depend on how it’s used. The most popular ways to use the oil are by applying it to the skin (topical application) or by inhaling it (aromatherapy).

Side effects from topical applications

Applying tea tree oil to the skin can cause irritation, particularly if it’s not diluted properly and is used in higher concentrations. Symptoms of skin irritation from tea tree oil can include:

redness
dry or scaly skin
itching
burning
stinging

Some people may develop an allergic reaction to tea tree oil. This is called allergic contact dermatitis and can cause a skin rash that may be red, swollen, and itchy. Use of older or improperly stored tea tree oil is often associated with these reactions, but fresh tea tree oil can cause this skin reaction, too.

A 2007 study found that abnormal breast growth coincided with tea tree and lavender oil use in a young boy who had been regularly using hair products containing both oils. The condition resolved after he stopped using the products.

Side effects from inhalation

Tea tree oil can also be used for aromatherapy. With this method, the oil is inhaled by using a diffuser, or through steam inhalation. Breathing in too much tea tree oil, or inhaling it for too long may lead to symptoms like:

headache
nausea
vertigo

Side effects from internal applications

Tea tree oil should never be used internally. It can be toxic and potentially fatal if you ingest it. If swallowed, symptoms may include:

drowsiness
confusion
uncoordinated movement (ataxia)
loss of consciousness

Tea tree oil is toxic if swallowed. That’s why it should be kept in a safe place where children and pets can’t get to the oil and won’t be tempted to swallow it.

Side effects in children

Case reports of tea tree oil poisoning from 1994, 1995, and 2003 occurred in children who swallowed the oil. In these cases, the children recovered following emergency care at a hospital.

The symptoms of tea tree oil poisoning in children are similar to those in adults. They can include symptoms like:

feeling sleepy or drowsy
uncoordinated movement (ataxia)
confusion
unresponsiveness or loss of consciousness

Side effects in pets

Toxicity in pets has been reported not only when tea tree oil is ingested, but also when it’s applied topically.

One study reviewed incidents of exposure to 100 percent tea tree oil in cats and dogs over a 10-year period. Researchers found that in 89 percent of cases, tea tree oil was applied intentionally to the animals and not ingested accidentally.

The common symptoms of tea tree oil poisoning in dogs and cats can include:

increased drooling
extreme fatigue
muscle weakness
tremors
uncoordinated movement (ataxia)

Following essential oil safety guidelines may help reduce the risk of developing side effects. Some tips include:

Never consume or ingest tea tree oil.
Keep tea tree oil in a place that’s well out of reach of children and pets.
Never apply undiluted tea tree oil to your skin. According to the National Association for Holistic Aromatherapy (NAHA), essential oils that are used topically should be diluted in carrier oils, creams, or lotions, typically between a 1 and 5 percent dilution.
Dilute tea tree oil more if you have sensitive skin or are applying tea tree oil to a child’s skin. NAHA recommends a 0.5 to 2.5 percent dilution.
If you’re concerned about a potential skin reaction, test a little bit of diluted tea tree oil on your skin before using it on a larger area.
If you plan to use tea tree oil for aromatherapy, be sure the space you’re in is well ventilated. Avoid prolonged exposure to tea tree oil fumes.
Store tea tree oil in a dark bottle, as exposure to light can damage it.

Avoid using tea tree oil if you have eczema, as it could make your condition worse. Also, use caution with inhaling the oil if you have asthma, as it may worsen your symptoms.

Generally speaking, it’s a good rule of thumb to consult your doctor if you’re considering using tea tree oil but have questions or concerns. This is particularly true if you:

are pregnant
are breastfeeding
take prescription medications
have an underlying health condition

If you develop a skin irritation or allergic contact dermatitis after using tea tree oil, discontinue use. See your doctor if you have a skin reaction to tea tree oil that’s severe or affects a large area of your body.

Seek emergency care if you or someone else has swallowed tea tree oil or is experiencing signs of anaphylaxis in response to tea tree oil. Symptoms of anaphylaxis include:

wheezing or coughing
swelling of the throat or face
trouble breathing or swallowing
anxiety or confusion

Tea tree oil is an essential oil that can be used to help treat various conditions, including acne, athlete’s foot, and dandruff. It can also be found in some cosmetic and cleaning products.

There are several potential side effects of tea tree oil, including skin irritation and allergic contact dermatitis. Tea tree oil is toxic when ingested and should never be taken internally.

When using tea tree oil, be sure to follow essential oil safety guidelines. This includes diluting the oil properly before applying it to your skin, and not inhaling it for long periods of time. If you have health-related questions or concerns, consult your doctor before using tea tree oil.

Last medically reviewed on November 14, 2019

How we reviewed this article:

Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. We avoid using tertiary references. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.

Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available.

Current Version

Nov 14, 2019

Written By

Jill Seladi-Schulman, PhD

Edited By

Naomi Farr

Medically Reviewed By

Cynthia Cobb, DNP, APRN

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Medically reviewed by Cynthia Cobb, DNP, APRN, WHNP-BC, FAANP — By Jill Seladi-Schulman, Ph.D. on November 14, 2019