Why does your skin hurt to touch even without a visible rash. What are the common causes of skin sensitivity and pain. How can you diagnose and treat tender skin conditions. What should you do if you experience unexplained skin pain.

Unraveling the Mystery of Tender Skin: Common Causes and Symptoms

Experiencing skin that hurts to touch or rub can be both perplexing and distressing, especially when there’s no visible rash or injury. This condition, known as tender skin or cutaneous allodynia, can have various underlying causes. Let’s explore some of the most common reasons for skin sensitivity and pain.

Allodynia: When Gentle Touch Becomes Painful

Allodynia is a condition where normally non-painful stimuli, such as light touch or gentle brushing, cause pain or discomfort. This hypersensitivity can be a symptom of several underlying conditions:

• Fibromyalgia
• Migraines
• Neuropathy
• Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)

If you find that everyday activities like brushing your hair or wearing certain fabrics cause skin pain, you may be experiencing allodynia.

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS): A Challenging Condition

CRPS is a chronic pain condition that typically affects a specific area of the body, often following an injury. Symptoms of CRPS include:

• Severe, ongoing pain
• Skin sensitivity (allodynia)
• Changes in skin color and temperature
• Swelling
• Limited range of motion

CRPS can be challenging to diagnose and treat, often requiring a multidisciplinary approach.

The Lingering Pain of Shingles: Understanding Postherpetic Neuralgia

Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (which causes chickenpox), can lead to a painful rash and long-lasting nerve pain known as postherpetic neuralgia.

Recognizing Shingles and Its Aftermath

Shingles typically presents as a painful, blistering rash that follows the path of a nerve. After the rash heals, some individuals continue to experience pain in the affected area. This persistent pain, known as postherpetic neuralgia, can last for months or even years.

Early treatment of shingles with antiviral medications can help reduce the risk of developing postherpetic neuralgia.

Vulvodynia: A Hidden Cause of Female Genital Pain

Vulvodynia is a chronic pain condition affecting the external female genital area (vulva). Women with vulvodynia often describe a burning sensation that can be triggered or worsened by various factors.

Identifying Vulvodynia Symptoms

Common triggers for vulvodynia pain include:

• Sexual intercourse
• Tampon insertion
• Tight clothing
• Prolonged sitting
• Bicycle riding

The exact cause of vulvodynia remains unknown, and its prevalence is likely underreported due to women’s hesitancy to discuss the symptoms with their healthcare providers.

Exploring Other Potential Causes of Skin Sensitivity

While the conditions mentioned above are common causes of tender skin, several other factors can contribute to skin hypersensitivity:

Neurological Conditions

Certain neurological disorders can affect skin sensation and pain perception:

• Stroke
• Multiple sclerosis
• Peripheral neuropathy

Autoimmune Disorders

Some autoimmune conditions can cause skin sensitivity as a symptom:

• Lupus
• Sjögren’s syndrome
• Rheumatoid arthritis

Medication Side Effects

Certain medications can cause skin sensitivity as a side effect. Always consult your healthcare provider if you experience new symptoms after starting a medication.

Diagnosing the Cause of Tender Skin: When to Seek Medical Attention

If you’re experiencing persistent skin pain or sensitivity without an obvious cause, it’s essential to consult a healthcare professional. A thorough evaluation can help identify the underlying cause and guide appropriate treatment.

What to Expect During Your Medical Evaluation

Your healthcare provider may:

1. Take a detailed medical history
2. Perform a physical examination
3. Order blood tests or imaging studies
4. Refer you to a specialist, such as a neurologist or dermatologist

Be prepared to describe your symptoms in detail, including when they started, what triggers or worsens the pain, and any associated symptoms.

Treatment Options for Tender Skin: Finding Relief

The treatment for tender skin depends on the underlying cause. However, several approaches can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

Medications for Pain Management

Depending on the cause and severity of your symptoms, your healthcare provider may recommend:

• Over-the-counter pain relievers (e.g., ibuprofen, acetaminophen)
• Topical medications (e.g., lidocaine, capsaicin)
• Antidepressants or anticonvulsants for nerve pain
• Antiviral medications for shingles

Non-Pharmacological Approaches

In addition to medications, several non-drug treatments can help manage tender skin:

• Physical therapy
• Occupational therapy
• Cognitive-behavioral therapy
• Relaxation techniques
• Biofeedback

These approaches can help improve pain management, reduce stress, and enhance overall well-being.

Living with Tender Skin: Practical Tips for Daily Management

While managing tender skin can be challenging, several strategies can help minimize discomfort and improve quality of life:

Clothing and Fabric Choices

Opt for soft, breathable fabrics that don’t irritate your skin. Consider:

• Cotton or bamboo clothing
• Seamless or tagless garments
• Loose-fitting clothes

Temperature Management

Extreme temperatures can exacerbate skin sensitivity. Try:

• Using a humidifier in dry environments
• Avoiding hot showers or baths
• Applying cool compresses to soothe painful areas

Stress Reduction Techniques

Stress can worsen skin sensitivity. Incorporate stress-reduction practices into your daily routine:

• Meditation
• Deep breathing exercises
• Yoga
• Regular exercise

Gentle Skincare Routine

Develop a skincare routine that’s gentle on your sensitive skin:

• Use fragrance-free, hypoallergenic products
• Avoid harsh exfoliants or scrubs
• Moisturize regularly to maintain skin hydration

Remember, what works for one person may not work for another. It may take some trial and error to find the best management strategies for your specific situation.

The Importance of Open Communication with Healthcare Providers

When dealing with tender skin or unexplained skin pain, maintaining open communication with your healthcare team is crucial. Don’t hesitate to discuss your symptoms, concerns, and treatment preferences with your providers.

Building a Support Network

Living with chronic skin sensitivity can be emotionally challenging. Consider:

• Joining support groups for people with similar conditions
• Seeking counseling or therapy to address emotional impacts
• Educating friends and family about your condition

Remember, you’re not alone in your experience, and support is available.

Advances in Research: Hope for the Future

Ongoing research into the mechanisms of pain and skin sensitivity offers hope for improved treatments in the future. Scientists are exploring:

• New medications targeting specific pain pathways
• Advanced imaging techniques for better diagnosis
• Innovative therapies like nerve stimulation

Staying informed about the latest developments can help you make educated decisions about your care and treatment options.

Understanding the causes of tender skin and exploring various treatment options can help you find relief and improve your quality of life. If you’re experiencing unexplained skin pain or sensitivity, don’t hesitate to seek medical attention. With proper diagnosis and management, many individuals with tender skin conditions can find effective ways to manage their symptoms and lead fulfilling lives.

Top 5 Reasons Why Your Skin Hurts To Touch

3. Complex regional pain syndrome

Symptoms

• Severe pain over a part of the body
• Sensitivity to touch (hypersensitivity or allodynia)
• Skin color changes
• Swelling
• Warmth

Complex regional pain syndrome, or CRPS, typically happens after an injury, such as a fracture or sprain. The cause of CRPS is not known.

CRPS usually begins a few weeks to months after the injury and causes severe or deep pain. Allodynia or skin sensation changes may also occur. CRPS may also cause changes in skin color (becoming either pale or purplish), temperature (skin can be warm or cold), and swelling at the site of pain.

Treatment

CRPS is difficult to treat and usually requires a variety of approaches. Physical therapy and occupational therapy can help improve your pain symptoms.

Medications such as ibuprofen and gabapentin can control your pain. Over-the-counter creams such as lidocaine or capsaicin (pepper) creams may help to lessen allodynia symptoms.

At times, cognitive behavioral therapy can be used to help identify other pain triggers and help with coping strategies.

Why does my skin suddenly feel sensitive?

“If you have pain with activities that shouldn’t typically cause pain, talk to your doctor. There might be an underlying reason for the pain that needs to be addressed or a way to improve the symptoms you are experiencing.”—Dr. Hoerst

4. Shingles and postherpetic neuralgia

Symptoms

Shingles or herpes zoster is caused when the virus that causes chickenpox gets reactivated. It is common in older adults and people with immune system disorders like HIV or those receiving chemotherapy for cancer.

The reactivated virus causes inflammation and damage to nerve cells leading to a painful rash. The rash often occurs on your side and back, but it can occur on any part of your body. It typically follows the path of a single nerve called a “dermatome.”

If the virus affects the eye area, it can cause damage to the eye. This occurs in about 10% to 25% of people who get shingles. Rarely, in less than 1% of people who get shingles, it can cause an infection in the brain, called meningoencephalitis. This is more common in people who are over the age of 60, pregnant, or immunocompromised.

Treating shingles

Shingles is treated with antiviral medications like valacyclovir and pain medications, such as ibuprofen or gabapentin. After the shingles rash goes away, you can have ongoing pain in the area. Taking antiviral medications early can help reduce the likelihood of chronic pain (called postherpetic neuralgia). Your doctor may prescribe gabapentin for long-term pain, but if the pain is severe, you may need other pain medications.

5. Vulvodynia

Symptoms

Vulvodynia is pain in the external part of the female genital area, called the vulva. The pain is often described as burning, and can be triggered or worsened by things such as sex, inserting a tampon, clothes that are tight, and sitting or riding a bike. The cause is unknown. It’s not clear how prevalent vulvodynia is because women often don’t tell their doctors about it.

Treating vulvodynia

Treatments include pelvic floor therapy, biofeedback, lidocaine and hormone creams, or antidepressants.

Other possible causes

Other conditions may also cause skin hypersensitivity, including stroke and fibromyalgia.

Why Does Your Skin Hurt to Touch Even if There’s No Rash?

by Jill|December 03, 2020

Have you ever experienced skin pain, tender skin or noticed your skin is sensitive to touch and asked yourself, “Why does my skin hurt?” If so, read on. We will cover topics regarding why your skin hurts to touch or rub without a rash:

Skin pain, tender skin or skin that hurts to touch or rub can be a tricky condition to diagnose, especially if there is no visible rash or injury to the skin. While there can be a multitude of skin pain culprits, if your skin hurts and you’re not sure why, it’s always a good idea to schedule an appointment with a board-certified dermatologist or your primary care physician to get some answers. Board-certified dermatologist and LovelySkin CEO Dr. Joel Schlessinger says,

“Tender skin can be a challenging problem, but there are some remedies that are simple and straightforward that can help skin that is sensitive to touch.”

We’re breaking down a few reasons why your skin hurts to touch or rub and what you can do to ease tender skin and skin pain.

If your skin hurts to touch but no rash is visible, it could be an underlying health problem.

If you find that gently brushing your hair or if something softly touches your skin and causes skin pain, you could be experiencing allodynia. Allodynia is described as skin that hurts to touch or rub or unusually tender skin, caused from things that wouldn’t normally cause any skin pain or discomfort. It can be caused by underlying conditions like migraines, fibromyalgia, diabetes, nerve conditions, past trauma to the skin or can simply occur on its own. Symptoms can range from mild to severe; with some experiencing a burning sensation in the skin and others a feeling of squeezing or tightening. If your skin hurts to touch but no rash is detectable, schedule an appointment with your primary care physician.

If your skin is sensitive to touch, you could have an allergic reaction.

Allergic reactions on the skin often present themselves in the form of an itchy, red rash, also known as hives. Allergic reactions range in severity with some resulting in anaphylactic shock and others presenting with mild discomfort, itching or skin that hurts to touch or rub. They can happen from contact to known allergens like certain types of food, plants or insect bites. Dr. Schlessinger advices,

“Allergic reactions that make your skin sensitive to touch can be treated immediately with a medicated healing treatment with hydrocortisone. If you are experiencing trouble breathing after an allergic reaction, call 911. ”

Try: FixMySkin 1% Hydrocortisone Healing Balm – Unscented

Treat mild discomfort from irritations to the skin with this 1% hydrocortisone healing balm, developed by Dr. Schlessinger and his son Daniel. Apply the melt-free balm to the area of irritation up to four times daily for skin pain treatment. It immediately calms redness and itchiness while keeping tender skin that is sensitive to touch comfortable with shea and cocoa butters.

Sunburns happen much quicker than you think, with redness and pain in the skin occurring two to six hours after exposure. A severe enough sunburn can actually make your body ache and can mimic flu symptoms, including fever, chills and headache. That’s why it’s imperative to have wear a sunscreen like La Roche Posay Anthelios 60 Melt-In Sunscreen Milk, every day of the year to prevent skin pain and any other damage sunburn causes. Dr. Schlessinger advises,

“In terms of sunburn remedies, if you have a sunburn that is brewing or that is inevitable, consider popping an aspirin or Advil as soon as possible. It could make the difference between a little burn and a miserable experience!”

If you are experiencing a mild burn, you can take away the “sting” in tender skin by applying a cold compress or soaking in a lukewarm bath. Apply an aloe vera treatment gel to cool and soothe any redness or skin pain.

Try: LovelySkin Aloe Vera Soothing Skin Relief Gel

This advanced aloe vera gel is a must-have in your arsenal for treating overexposed skin that is sensitive to touch. It uses aloe vera, sea algae extract and allantoin to replenish the lost moisture skin needs to repair itself after damage from the sun. For best results, apply it to damp skin for optimal absorption.

If your skin hurts to touch or rub after ablative procedures,

In-office resurfacing treatments like microdermabrasion, ablative laser treatments or chemical peels can all be extremely beneficial in addressing unwanted pigmentation, dark spots or uneven texture. But, they often come with some unwanted side effects like redness, sensitivity, or skin pain. While tender skin is totally normal and actually crucial to achieving the benefits chemical peels provide, it can be difficult to deal with. After these procedures, take extra care of skin that hurts to touch or rub by staying out of the sun and swapping out your normal skin care routine with a more nourishing, protective regimen. It’s also beneficial to use an occlusive moisturizer or petrolatum to seal in the necessary moisture that helps heal tender skin that is sensitive to touch.

Try: iS Clinical Post Procedure Kit

This advanced five piece skin recovery set includes everything you need to ease the pain and sensitivity in resurfaced, tender skin. It contains a cleanser, healing serum, cooling serum, two sunscreens and a healing balm to provide compromised skin sensitive to touch with antimicrobial protection for faster healing. This set immerses skin in deep hydration, aiding skin’s healing process while minimizing pain and discomfort.

Have a question about skin that hurts to touch or rub for our resident expert Dr. Joel Schlessinger? Leave it in a comment below.

About the Author

Jill is a content writer for LovelySkin. She loves reading up on the latest beauty trends, going to concerts with her husband and baking with her three kids.

Other Posts by Jill

Skin Pain – Symptoms, Causes, Treatments

Skin pain is a common symptom of neuropathic pain, a pins-and-needles (prickling) sensation sometimes referred to as paresthesia, or of different types of burns to the skin. Painful skin is the result of injury to or pressure on a nerve in the skin. Other causes include damage to nerves in the skin from exposure to extreme heat or cold or to toxic compounds.

Neuropathic pain may be caused by peripheral neuropathy, a disorder in which the peripheral nerves that relay signals between the body, the brain, and the spinal cord lose function. Peripheral neuropathy can be due to a number of specific diseases and disorders, including alcoholism, diabetes, HIV infection, and Guillain-Barre syndrome, an autoimmune nerve disorder. Depending on the cause, skin pain may occur in a specific location on the skin or in a number of locations, and may be accompanied by redness, itching or swelling, or by other skin symptoms.

Burns, such as from the sun, heat, radiation and chemicals, are common causes of skin pain. Other injuries, such as bruises, lacerations or abrasions, commonly result in skin pain. Circulation problems that impair blood flow to the skin lead to painful skin.

Seek immediate medical care (call 911) if a sudden skin pain characterized by pins and needles is accompanied by numbness or weakness on one side of the body; a change in level of consciousness or alertness, such as passing out or unresponsiveness; or the worst headache of your life as these can be signs of stroke. Also
seek
immediate medical care (call 911) if your skin pain is the result of a severe burn or is accompanied by spreading redness of the skin or high fever (higher than 101 degrees Fahrenheit).

If your skin pain is persistent or causes you concern,
seek prompt med
ical care.

Complex regional pain syndrome – Symptoms

The main symptom of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is pain, which can sometimes be severe, continuous and debilitating.

It’s usually confined to 1 limb, but can sometimes spread to other parts of the body.

Chronic pain

The pain of CRPS is usually triggered by an injury. But the pain is a lot more severe and long-lasting than would normally be expected.

The pain may feel like a mix of burning, stabbing or stinging. There may also be tingling and numbness.

You may have periods of pain lasting a few days or weeks, called flare-ups, where the pain gets worse.

Stress in particular can lead to flare-ups, which is why relaxation techniques and mindfulness training can be an important part of treating CRPS.

If you have CRPS, your skin in the affected area can become very sensitive.

Even the slightest touch, bump or change in temperature can cause intense pain.

You may hear this described in the following medical terms:

• hyperalgesia – feeling pain from pressure or temperature that would not normally be painful
• allodynia – experiencing pain from a very light stroke of the affected skin

Other symptoms

In addition to chronic pain, CRPS can also cause a range of other symptoms.

These can include:

• strange sensations in the affected limb – it may feel as if it does not belong to the rest of your body, or it may feel bigger or smaller than the opposite unaffected limb
• alternating changes to your skin – sometimes your skin in the affected limb may be hot, red and dry, whereas other times it may be cold, blue and sweaty
• hair and nail changes – your hair and nails in the affected limb may grow unusually slowly or quickly and your nails may become brittle or grooved
• joint stiffness and swelling in the affected limb (oedema)
• tremors and muscle spasms (dystonia)
• difficulty moving the affected body part
• difficulty sleeping (insomnia)
• small patches of fragile bones (osteoporosis) in the affected limb – although there’s no evidence this could lead to fractures

Very rarely, CRPS can also lead to further physical complications, such as:

• skin infections and open sores (ulcers)
• muscle atrophy, where the muscles begin to waste away
• muscle contractures, where the muscles shorten and lose their normal range of movement

Some of these problems can make it very difficult for people with CRPS to move around.

Psychology in CRPS

The emotional strain of living with chronic pain can sometimes lead to psychological problems, such as depression and anxiety.

During periods of extreme pain, some people may even consider suicide.

See a GP as soon as possible if you have been experiencing feelings of depression or suicide. They’ll be able to provide help and support.

Or you can call the Samaritans on 116 123 or email [email protected].

They’re available 24 hours a day to talk through any issues you may be experiencing, and will do so in total confidence.

When to see a GP

You should see a GP if you have persistent pain that’s preventing you from carrying out everyday activities.

CRPS can be difficult to diagnose. It’s best to get help as soon as possible because early treatment can help reduce your painful symptoms.

Find out more about diagnosing CRPS.

Page last reviewed: 29 April 2019
Next review due: 29 April 2022

Skin Sensitive To Touch All Of A Sudden? Possible Causes & Treatments.

Is your skin sensitive to touch all of a sudden? Let’s explore possible causes and treatments for sensitive skin.

Skin Sensitive To Touch Overview

Since your skin is the largest organ in your body, chronic pain in that region can become a huge nuisance. Many different conditions may contribute to sensitive skin. However, it can be hard to figure out just why your skin feels sensitive or even painful. Here’s a look at some conditions that can make your skin sensitive to touch all of a sudden, so you can find the treatment option right for you.

One Cause of Sensitive Skin Could be Shingles

Firstly, shingles, an infection from the chickenpox virus (varicella-zoster virus), causes a very painful, blistery rash. After you’ve contracted chickenpox, the virus remains inactive in your body. Later in life, the inactive virus may reactivate, turning into shingles (herpes zoster).

If you are over 40 years of age and have been exposed to the chickenpox virus, you are at risk for developing shingles. Increased risk factors include being older than 50 years of age and having a weakened immune system.

The shingles rash may be located anywhere on your body, but most commonly wraps around your torso. In addition, symptoms normally only affect one side of your body, often in a band across your skin. In some cases, you may experience postherpetic neuralgia, one of the most common complications of shingles. This may cause burning pain in your skin long after the shingles rash has disappeared.

Common shingles symptoms include:

• Sensitivity to touch
• Pain, burning, numbness or tingling
• A red rash that starts a few days after the pain begins
• Itching
• Blisters that fill with fluid, open up and then crust over

Other shingles symptoms include:

Shingles symptoms manifest in people differently and the pain may be very intense. While a painful rash is common, some people never develop it.

If you suspect you have shingles, contact your doctor right away. It’s especially important to seek medical help if you:

• have a rash around your eye or a widespread rash
• are over 60 years old
• have a weakened immune system

Common treatments for skin pain due to shingles include:

• antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir)
• pain-relieving medications ( OTC acetaminophen)
• home remedies (wet compresses, calamine lotion, and colloidal oatmeal baths)

Fibromyalgia Can Make Your Skin Sensitive to Touch

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Sensitivity to touch due to tactile allodynia, thermal allodynia or mechanical allodynia is a common symptom of fibromyalgia. When you have allodynia, your body sends pain signals from non-painful stimuli. In fact, even lightly touching your skin can feel unbearably painful.

Another common symptom is a tingling sensation. That tingling feeling might be in one specific area or widespread over your body. As with any chronic health condition, certain things may trigger your fibromyalgia symptoms to worsen, causing increased skin sensitivity.

Other fibromyalgia symptoms include:

Typically, fibromyalgia occurs with other types of health conditions, such as migraine headaches, autoimmune diseases, chronic fatigue syndrome, and irritable bowel syndrome. Often, fibromyalgia symptoms improve once other health conditions are addressed.

Common treatments for skin pain due to fibromyalgia include:

• lidocaine and pregabalin
• NSAIDs
• electrical stimulation and hypnotherapy

Autoimmune Diseases

Autoimmune diseases occur when your immune system mistakenly attacks your body. These conditions are systemic, affecting the entire body. Often, autoimmune diseases that don’t directly affect the skin may cause skin sensitivity or redness. These autoimmune diseases include:

However, some types of autoimmune diseases directly affect the skin. For example, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis are examples of autoimmune diseases that directly affect the skin. These conditions cause a build-up of skin cells that may appear scaly and red. Approximately 30% of those living with psoriasis develop psoriatic arthritis, an inflammatory form of arthritis.

Common psoriatic arthritis symptoms include:

• Fatigue
• Pain, tenderness and/or swelling in tendons
• Swollen fingers and toes
• Stiffness, pain, throbbing, swelling and tenderness in one or more joints
• Reduced range of motion
• Morning stiffness and tiredness
• Nail changes
• Redness and pain of the eye, such as conjunctivitis

See your doctor regularly and talk about your skin symptoms. Your autoimmune disease treatment plan may need to be modified if skin pain is an issue.

Common treatments for skin pain due to autoimmune diseases include:

• NSAIDs
• Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)
• Immunosuppressants
• Steroid injections
• Biologics
• Topical treatments (topical corticosteroids, vitamin D analogues, anthralin, topical retinoids, calcineurin inhibitors, salicylic acid, coal tar, moisturizers)
• Light therapy

Skin Sensitive to Touch, Dermatitis?

Dermatitis is a general term covering different types of skin inflammation. Typically, dermatitis causes an itchy rash and swollen or red skin. For instance, eczema, dandruff, and allergic reaction rashes are all forms of dermatitis.

If you come into contact with something you are allergic to, you may have an allergic reaction. Hives, a common skin condition from an allergic reaction, can cause an itchy and painful rash. Anytime you have or suspect an allergic reaction, it’s important to see your doctor or go to an urgent care clinic immediately.

Common treatments for skin pain due to dermatitis include:

Having skin sensitive to touch may be a sign of an underlying condition, such as some of the ones mentioned here. However, there are many conditions that may cause sensitive skin. It’s important to talk with your doctor about your skin sensitivities and other symptoms, so you can get on the right treatment plan.

Is Your Skin Sensitive to Touch? 

How are you dealing with it? Let us know in the comments section!

What topics related to sensitive skin conditions would you like to see us explore?

Comment below or email us at [email protected] with your ideas!

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Why Does My Skin Hurt?

Have you ever experienced itching, tingling or tenderness along your skin? Beyond the common sunburn, there are a number of conditions that result in uncomfortable or painful areas of your skin. And they may not be what you expect. We caught up with Dr. Jeremy Fenton of Schweiger Dermatology Group in New York City to discover why skin sometimes hurts, what causes it and when to see your doctor.

1. Fibromyalgia 

What It Is: “It is a chronic pain condition with tenderness in certain characteristic areas, like your skin,” says Dr. Fenton. “Symptoms also include stiffness, fatigue and difficulty concentrating. It can also be accompanied by a wide variety of other symptoms such as anxiety or depression.”

What Causes It: In short: no one really knows. “It is a diagnosis of exclusion: all other possible causes for the symptoms need to first be ruled out; without any other explanation, fibromyalgia can be made as the diagnosis.” This is not a condition generally diagnosed by your derm.

How to Treat It: “There are a variety of treatment options including medications such as pain medications, antidepressants, anti-anxiety medications and anticonvulsants,” says Dr. Fenton. “People also utilize behavioral and psychological therapy methods.”

2. Sunburn

What It Is: “Sunburn is a result of excessive exposure to ultraviolet light. It causes redness, pain, tenderness, sometimes blistering, and peeling,” says Dr. Fenton.

What Causes It: “The ultraviolet light causes damage to the skin cells, which then release inflammatory signals and some undergo programmed cell death.”

How to Treat It: “Sunburns are usually treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) medications like ibuprofen or aspirin and cool baths or showers for symptomatic relief,” says Dr. Fenton. “It is important to stay well-hydrated with a sunburn because there can be some fluid loss, and severe sunburns may require IV fluids and prescription pain medications. Some topical emollients such as aloe vera can help with symptom relief but do not necessarily speed recovery.”

Related: The Best After-Sun Products

3. Shingles

What It Is: Shingles is caused by the chicken-pox virus, so if you’ve had the chicken pox or have been vaccinated, you already have the virus in your nervous system. Shingles, like the pox, appears as a scabbing, irritation or series of itchy red spots on the skin.

What Causes It: “When somebody gets run down, sick or overly stressed, the virus can re-emerge along one of the sensory nerves,” says Dr. Fenton. “It generally only appears along one nerve and thus is on just one side of the body in what we call a “dermatome.” It can cause nerve pain and increased sensitivity in the area along with redness and swelling that progresses into blisters and scabbing. It can sometimes lead to scarring and infection.”

How to Treat It: “Shingles is treated with antiviral medications such as valacyclovir or acyclovir for at least a week. The pain can be treated with prescription pain medications but is most commonly treated with medications that treat neuropathic pain such as gabapentin. These modulate the nerve signals to reduce the pain transmission. Shingles can also be treated with anti-inflammatory topical or oral steroids, but the benefit of these is debated and must be weighed against the risks.”

4. Neuropathy 

What It Is: “Neuropathy is a very general term referring to dysfunction of a nerve. This can lead to numbness, weakness or discomfort,” says Dr. Fenton.

What Causes It: “There are a wide variety of causes of neuropathy including diabetes, vitamin deficiency, toxicity from exposure to chemicals including alcohol, autoimmune conditions, chronic disease, trauma or tumors.” A neurologist is best to make the diagnosis, likely using tools like X-rays and MRIs, along with nerve function tests and a physical exam.

How to Treat It: A dermatologist wouldn’t diagnose or treat this condition. Medications or surgery could improve symptoms.

5. Migraines 

What It Is: “Migraines are recurrent headaches that can be accompanied by nausea and vomiting along with sensitivity to light and sound,” says Dr. Fenton. Most people who experience migraines have at least one instance of skin sensitivity.

What Causes It: We aren’t sure. It might be a combination of environmental and genetic factors, so see a neurologist if your headaches persist. “It is not entirely understood why some people get migraines and others don’t,” says Dr. Fenton.

How to Treat It: “There are a variety of medications used to manage and prevent migraines, including NSAIDs, pain medications, antidepressants, antiepileptic drugs and even Botox injections,” says Dr. Fenton. Your local derm may be able to help with the latter.

Related: How Often Should You Get Botox? 

When to See Your Doctor

While we hope this blog helps, it’s not meant to diagnose your symptoms. Dr. Fenton says that while some of these conditions can be treated by seeing a dermatologist, your first stop should be your primary care physician.

See your doctor if:

• Conditions last longer than two weeks.
• You experience pain that prevents you from doing normal activities.
• Itching, bleeding or pain is present.

Allodynia: When Touch Hurts But Shouldn’t

Key Points:

1. Allodynia is the experience of pain from a non-painful stimulation of the skin, such as light touch.
2. The type of migraine, the frequency and severity of attacks, and the number of years of the headache disorder relate to the presence and severity of allodynia
3. Migraine and related pain conditions with allodynia have in common the process of central sensitization, characterized by over excitability of pain nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord
4. Triptans are less effective in migraine attacks with allodynia

Allodynia means “other pain.” It is a pain that results from a stimulus that is not normally painful. Anyone who has ever had bad sunburn has an idea of how painful even light touch can be. When the skin is sensitized, in this example from the sun, wearing a shirt or taking a shower can be very painful. Up to 80% of persons with migraine experience at least one symptom of allodynia during a headache attack. They may describe pain to touch, such as with resting one’s head on a pillow, or with wearing a hat, earrings, or necklace. These are examples of “static” tactile or mechanical allodynia.

An example of “dynamic” allodynia is pain from lightly brushing one’s hair. Another is pain from shaving one’s face. Yet another, “thermal” allodynia, refers to pain due to exposure to either warm or cold. Allodynia is not referred pain, although it can occur outside the area stimulated. It is also not hyperalgesia, which is a pain stimulus more painful than usual.

The severity of allodynia varies widely from person to person. You rate allodynia by the frequency that each symptom occurs and also by how many different symptoms are present. Headache related allodynia occurs more often in migraine than in tension headaches among headaches without a secondary cause. 

In persons with migraine, allodynia is more common in those with aura, with frequent headache attacks (chronic migraine), and with severe disabling headache attacks. Allodynia is associated with more disability when objectively measured by MIDAS (Migraine Disability Assessment Scale). The more years a person has migraine, the more likely they are to experience allodynia. Women suffer from migraine and allodynia more often than men. Female reproductive hormones lower the intensity of the pain stimulus needed to produce pain. This process, known as the pain threshold, likely involves processes similar to allodynia. Research shows that being overweight or obese and smoking predispose to allodynia. Obesity is more common in persons with chronic migraine and this may account for the relationship to allodynia.

Like female hormones, smoking reduces the pain threshold probably explaining its connection. A stressful childhood marked by emotional abuse increases the frequency of headache and allodynia as an adult. All these facts suggest allodynia is a risk factor for progression to worse headaches. These interesting clinical facts raise questions. Should we use allodynia as a marker for beginning prevention therapy? What causes allodynia? Does the presence of allodynia have an effect on migraine treatment?

Research suggests that allodynia in migraine results from a process within the brain and spinal cord, which make up the central nervous system. Scientists call this process leading to allodynia, “central sensitization.” The process begins when sensory pain nerves, known as nociceptors, react to a sensory signal or stimulus.

In the case of migraine, inflammation surrounding the blood vessels on the brain surface plays a role. The nerve endings around the blood vessels send signals along the nerves to the central nervous system. This can result in the throbbing head pain of migraine. Acute pain treatment that works stops the signals coming in from the peripheral nerves. When these signals are not stopped the spinal cord and brainstem nerves continue to send their own signals and maintain the pain of migraine. Within as few as one to two hours of activity, they become free of what started them in the first place. They become sensitized or hyperexcitable. This is central sensitization.

As a consequence, even normal signals into the system, such as touch on the scalp and face, produce abnormal painful responses. The pain feels as if it is coming from the skin, but is actually the result of a mixed-up processing of sensory signals within the central nervous system. Frequent, severe attacks of migraine, particularly migraine with aura, over a long period of time can lead to an increased tendency for central sensitization. Allodynia is a manifestation of this central sensitization.

For most persons, allodynia resolves when the migraine pain resolves. In some persons, allodynia may persist long after the migraine headache subsides. If headaches become daily, allodynia may even become a daily continuous condition.

So what, if anything, does allodynia mean in terms of treatment? Treatment effects are unknown for many drugs and treatments. Certain migraine-specific drugs, the triptans, are often less effective when tested in migraine attacks without allodynia. For this reason it is important to treat acute attacks early before allodynia appears. If possible. treat before the pain begins to throb. Throbbing is a sign of peripheral sensitization. This process precedes central sensitization. Unlike central sensitization, peripheral sensitization is easy to stop by triptans and other effective migraine therapies. Studies show that some medications work when allodynia is present. Ketorolac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and dihydroergotamine work when injected with allodynia present.

People with migraine often experience other chronic pain conditions, such as fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, and chronic fatigue syndrome.

Fibromyalgia is characterized by tender painful muscles above and below the waist. Like chronic migraine and chronic tension-type headache, scientists believe central sensitization also causes these chronic conditions. These disorders make up a group known as the central sensitivity syndromes. Migraineurs with allodynia are more likely to have these other pain conditions that those without allodynia, as might be expected. 

Even when these conditions occur without migraine, they may occur with allodynia. Furthermore, the severity of allodynia in migraine correlates with the number of different pain syndromes, offering further evidence that a common, underlying cause may link these conditions together. It may be that if central sensitization develops with one condition, this predisposes a person to developing additional pain conditions. Depression and anxiety are also common in persons with allodynia-associated migraine and the other pain syndromes, but the cause for this link remains uncertain.

Allodynia arises from the brain, and stopping pain signals early can ward off allodynia. Preventing pain from coming again can ward off chronic allodynia. Tested treatments are less effective with allodynia so treat before it occurs. If allodynia occurs frequently use prevention to reduce risk of it occurring often.

Gretchen E. Tietjen, MD, Professor and Chairman of Neurology, University of Toledo, Toledo OH.

FACIAL SKIN TYPES: BEAUTY SECRETS

Skin care for men: advice from a dermatologist

Many men do not think about skin care, although it is necessary, says Anthony Rossi, dermatologist, assistant professor of dermatology at the Oncological Center.Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College.

The first step is to understand your skin type. Sensitive skin may sting or burn after using cosmetics. Normal skin is clean and not so sensitive. Dry skin is flaky, itchy and rough to the touch. Oily skin is shiny and covered with grease, while combined skin is dry in some places and oily in others, notes E. Rossi. Understanding your skin type can help you determine how to care for your skin and choose skin care products.

If your skin is prone to acne, you should choose cleansers and moisturizers that do not contain oils or are labeled “non-acne prone”. These products will not clog pores on your skin. For sensitive skin, preference should be given to light-textured, fragrance-free products designed to eliminate irritation and dryness. You should also beware of using products labeled “odorless”, because some of them may contain compounds that mask fragrances that can irritate sensitive skin, notes E.Russia.

After exercising in the gym, it is recommended to wash your face in warm water and a mild cleanser. The same should be done every morning.

If, when using a razor with a large number of blades, skin damage occurs – cuts, irritation, and the appearance of ingrown hairs, it is worth replacing such a razor with a similar one, but with 2 blades, and do not stretch the skin while shaving. Before shaving, you should wet your skin and facial hair to soften it and make shaving easier.When shaving, you should use moisturizers and shave your hair in the direction of its growth. The razor should be rinsed after each stroke and the blade should be replaced after 5-7 shaves.

Men need to moisturize their skin daily and check for moles that itch, bleed, or change color, as these are often signs of skin cancer. If you identify any suspicious spots on the skin, it is worth contacting a dermatologist.

In summer, when outdoors, apply sunscreen to exposed skin.Your best bet is a waterproof sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher. Immediately after swimming or during periods of increased sweating, the cream should be reapplied and done every 2 hours. Other steps to protect the skin in summer include looking for shade and wearing protective clothing, including sunglasses, recommends E. Rossi.

Based on materials from www.medicinenet.com

Skin selection | Shoes Rostock

Our choice of leather is very simple: we take only the best!

The stable climate and optimal conditions for keeping livestock in Europe are a good argument for Rostock to buy the upper, first of all, here.Each purchased skin is tanned by experienced experienced specialists and is controlled by Rostok for the quality of processing and the impeccability of the outer layer of the leather.

What kind of leather makes a career for Rostok?

Signs of sensitive facial skin | Mixa

If you recognize these symptoms, there is no doubt that you have sensitive skin.How to take care of her? Skin diagnostics will help answer all questions.

How do I recognize sensitive skin?

Sensitive skin is very vulnerable, because its protective barrier that protects the epidermis is damaged. Signs of sensitive skin are tightening, peeling, tingling or redness due to temperature changes, gusts of wind, contact with water or the sun, dryness or dehydration, a tendency to allergic reactions, a tendency to develop imperfections, etc.

Why is my skin sensitive?

Skin sensitivity can be caused by various factors: the environment, in particular pollution or exposure to the sun, the use of too aggressive cosmetics, excessive fatigue and stress, or a hereditary factor.Certain psychological traits can also cause oversensitive skin. The fact is that skin sensitivity is associated with an emotional state, for example, if a person is constantly under stress, he often has skin reactions.

How do I care for sensitive skin?

Sensitive skin needs delicate care. Use hypoallergenic, paraben-free, dye-free and non-comedogenic products for your skin.

For make-up remover use the Milk Make-up Remover Mix or a two-phase make-up remover. It is not advisable to wash your face with tap water because it causes dry skin. You can use Micellar water for normal to dry very sensitive skin Mix, which delicately cares for sensitive skin thanks to the formula with panthenol. After cleansing and toning, remember to moisturize your skin. We recommend trying a moisturizing, soothing CC cream for sensitive skin against redness with SPF15 Mix.

Care for sensitive skin: features and basic rules

Sensitivity is not a type, but a property. And oily, and combination, and dry skin can acquire it for any external or internal reasons. Sensitive skin care should be tailored to the current condition: presence of redness or rashes, dehydration or soreness. How to choose cosmetics for sensitive skin care? Let’s figure it out.

Sensitivity can be expressed in different ways: someone has redness, someone has microdamage and peeling, someone is worried about itching and a burning sensation – there are many options! It is important to remember that in most cases sensitivity is temporary and can be corrected with care.

Those with increased skin sensitivity should carefully study the composition of the funds. Basic rule of thumb: the shorter the better. The formula of the product should not contain bright fragrances and popular allergens, harsh cleansers and soaps. Mechanical cleansing with abrasive scrubs is contraindicated for sensitive skin. After washing, it is better not to rub your face with a towel, but to gently blot it with a paper napkin. Even sensitive skin reacts more strongly to ultraviolet radiation than usual, so dermatologists recommend choosing an SPF product with the maximum protection factor.

To find the right care for your sensitive skin, use one trick: test the product on a less sensitive area, such as the crook of the elbow or wrist. If a reaction does not start within a few minutes, it can be used as directed. Any changes in the skin are a signal that the care regimen should be revised.

Not only dry skin, but also combination and even oily skin can suffer from a lack of moisture.The dry type is characterized by reduced secretion, dehydrated skin lacks moisture, which is why sensitivity arises.

Dehydration often appears against the background of aggressive cleansing. Oily and combination skin intuitively wants to dry and matte. Here you should be very careful and observe the measure – if you deprive the skin of the protective barrier, it will try to replenish it with excess sebum secretion. So you get shine on some areas of the face, and itching and flaking on others.

Care for oily sensitive skin, like normal or dry skin, must include nutrients. It is recommended to use them in courses of two to three months, until the symptoms of dehydration disappear. Then you can return to your usual care.

Glycerin is one of the most popular moisturizing ingredients. As part of cosmetics, it is able to attract and retain moisture in the deep layers of the skin. Also glycerin has softening and protective properties. Use glycerin face cream as a final step to your evening care.During the night, the balance of the skin will be restored, and in the morning the reflection in the mirror will delight you with a fresh and radiant look!

Sebum-deficient skin, in contrast to dehydrated skin, needs regular nutrition. In the care of dry sensitive skin, you can include products with squalane, as well as various essential oils in the composition.

CBD Nourishing Face Cream

Cream with cannabidiol, hemp seed oil and squalane is formulated to restore tone and radiance to very dry skin.97% consists of ingredients of natural origin. Has a light texture, is instantly absorbed and restores the protective barrier.

Oils of Life Repair Cream

The product contains a luxurious composition of valuable oils: black cumin seeds from Egypt, camellia from China and rose hips from Chile. The texture of the cream literally melts into the skin. Deeply nourishes and smoothes the signs of age-related changes.

Caring for problematic sensitive skin requires a special approach.Redness and inflammation are often painful to the touch. In no case should they be rubbed or overdried with alcohol-containing agents. It is also recommended to avoid contact with possible irritants – do not touch your face with your hands and do not use reusable towels in which bacteria accumulate.

If normal skin requires minimal care – cleansing, moisturizing and SPF protection – then in the case of sensitivity, it is advisable to include special products in the scheme. These can be soothing serums, essences, and emollient masks.

Cleansing Oil

Chamomile

At the stage of make-up removal, it is better to use a hydrophilic oil. It does not need to be applied to a cotton pad, which means you don’t have to rub your face again.

Recovery

Revitalizing

CBD Facial Oil

Before going to bed, apply a couple of drops of regenerating oil. Cannabidiol in the composition of the product will help to cope with the feeling of tightness and discomfort, the sweetish aroma of patchouli will help to improve sleep.

With the right care for sensitive skin, you can achieve significant success: relieve many symptoms and restore lipid balance. Use the recommendations above and the result will not be long in coming!

Information on materials

Eco leather

What is this?

Eco-leather is not leatherette, not pvc!

Eco-leather is a type of artificial leather. It is a modern eco-friendly material.

Eco-leather is 30% natural leather fibers and 30% polyurethane.Artificial leather is made by applying a film coating to a woven base. To give elasticity, additives are introduced into it. These additives are incorporated into the structure of the polymer, as well as additives – stabilizers, which allow the skin to be resistant to sunlight. So these additives are not very environmentally friendly. Unlike PVC, polyurethane is completely free of these additives.

The most important reason for the extraordinary softness and durability of the leather is the polyurethane coating.Polyurethane belongs to a class of polymers with extremely high wear resistance (the simplest example is shoes with PU – soles). Polyurethane is also capable of “self-healing” the outer deformed polymer mesh.

These properties of polyurethanes are largely due to the fact that their modern brands contain many so-called “functional groups” identical to natural leather!

Characteristics of eco-leather

Eco-leather is absolutely non-allergenic product.The technology for the production of eco-leather provides for the formation of through-penetrating micropores, the material (unlike PVC) also “breathes” no worse than ordinary fabrics, and also absorbs moisture. Since eco-leather allows air to pass through, it does not overheat in the heat, and does not harden in the cold. It is always a little warm to the touch. By the way, due to the fact that the composition of the material does not include harmful functional groups, polyurethane does not emit any harmful substances. And thanks to its breathability, eco-leather is completely odorless and does not create a “greenhouse effect”, which favorably distinguishes it from the same PVC. Eco-leather was created as an inexpensive material that imitates expensive natural leather.However, the modern level of development of science and technology has made it possible not only to impart natural properties to artificial leather, but also to surpass them in many respects! In addition, eco leather can withstand low temperatures down to -40 degrees of frost and can be used for products used in northern regions.

Operation and comfort

Due to its unique physical and chemical properties, eco-leather does not crack, does not stretch, and in general, for all its apparent softness, it is a fairly strong and wear-resistant material.

Eco-leather is a material with a unique set of consumer properties:

1. air and water vapor permeable
2. warm to the touch
3. wear resistant
4. hygroscopic
5. frost-resistant
6. does not emit harmful substances
7. has good organoleptic properties

Leather

In the manufacture of Sabellino products, high quality leather is used: pork, calf, goat leather, deer.At the same time, leather can be represented by an economy option (made in Turkey, China), as well as a premium option (made in Italy) Based on the above, depending on the type and age of the animal, the skin turns out to be of different thickness and quality, which affects the price products.

Skin types

Smooth leather – the highest quality raw materials. The front surface is very beautiful and retains its original pattern; sometimes lightly sanded. The service life and hygienic properties of products made from such raw materials are high.

Sanded leather – Sanding from the fringe / seamy side of the leather.

Suede – fat-tanned calfskin, sheepskin, goatskin, deer, elk (the highest quality). It is considered “washable” skin, as it is not afraid of soapy water, and will retain all its properties. Suede has a low thick pile, breathes well, is very soft, extremely elastic and beautiful, but not wear-resistant.

Velor – from the French word “velours”, i.e.That is, “shaggy” is lame tanned leather that has raw material defects. The skins of the calf, outgrowth, chrome goats and chevro are used; when making velor, chrome pork skins are to be finished on the front side. Velor, in comparison with suede, has a finer pile; in the process of wearing velor quickly gets dirty and loses its appearance. It cannot be washed, and when you clean it, it starts to shine.

Nubuck – lame tanned leather, most often in light colors with a sanded grained surface.It is produced from calyces, an outgrowth, sometimes from a half-cutter. Nubuck has a very low, almost invisible pile, “breathes”, with proper care, it is durable.

Patent leather – lame tanned leather with a mirror-shiny surface obtained by applying polyurethane and oil varnishes to the leather. The coating can be monochromatic or with the use of different colors; the effects “chameleon”, “with sparkles inside”, “with a break” can be used. Slicing can be used to improve the facial surface.For the manufacture of patent leather, mainly raw materials are used chevro and, less often, pigskins, calyxes, horse meat. The main value as a coating of patent leather is the thickness of the varnish layer – it should be insignificant (0.06-0.07 mm). With an increase in the varnish layer, the viscosity, flexibility and tenderness of the skin will be lost. Patent leather is very beautiful, but it also has disadvantages: lower air and vapor permeability, little resistance to multiple bends. At temperatures below -15C and above + 25C, patent leather becomes cracked.

Leather olympic – calfskin with a shiny finish on the front surface.

Aniline leather – leather with a natural, “familiar” face, without artificial embossing and artificial acrylic impregnations, dyed only with aniline dyes. “Aniline skins” are very expensive on the Russian market and account for less than 1% of the total share.

Laika is a very thin aluminum tanned leather made from the skins of calyxes, kids and lambs.It has great extensibility and elasticity, beautiful aesthetic appearance and softness, but is afraid of moisture.

Embossed leathers are leathers that receive a “face” pattern (embossing) by pressing with plates with an engraved pattern in order to eliminate defects and imperfections on the front surface of the skin. The larger the pattern and the depth of the embossing, the greater the opportunity to hide defects. The drawing can imitate the skin of reptiles (snakes, crocodiles), exotic animals and other images.Such leathers are of low and medium price category.

Split leather – leather obtained as a result of lamination of raw materials (sawing thick leather). Split has no “its” front surface. With an artificial measure and a smooth “face”, split leather products are used in the shoe and furniture industry, with velor polishing – in clothing, footwear and haberdashery production. Splitting technology allows to obtain economical raw materials with good hygienic properties.

Nappa – super soft, delicate and elastic skin, easily takes the desired shape.It can be matte or slightly glossy.

Nappa lacquered – lacquered nappa.

Decorative materials and elements (accessories)

In our new collection we use metal in two colors: Chrome and Gold. The metal is used only of the highest quality, not brittle, the color is of a natural nature, and is not applied by spraying.

The collection of bags made of suede and eco-leather is decorated with rhinestones in the Swarovski style, in the color of the main material. The glue that fixes the decorative elements has increased adhesion and strength, which guarantees the maximum quality of adhesion of the elements to the surface.

Shawls, stoles, scarves

Silk

Silk is a soft fabric made from threads extracted from the cocoon of a silkworm. The length of the silk thread reaches 800 – 1000m. The thread has a triangular cross-section and, like a prism, reflects light, which causes a beautiful shimmer and shine.

The thickness of a silk fabric is usually measured in “momme” (pronounced “mammi”). It is a Japanese unit of weight used to measure and describe silk fabrics. The higher this indicator, the heavier, denser and more durable natural silk.

Silk in Sabellino collection:

1. Lux Series Silk – Wet Silk
2. Thick silk – expensive silk, differs in density
3. Silk medium – silk, medium density
4. Thin silk – transparent silk, silk-chiffon

Three-layer chiffon

Chiffon – (French chiffon, literally – a rag), a thin silky cotton oiled fabric with a plain weave of high density.

Cashmere

Cashmere – down (undercoat) of a mountain goat that lives in the regions of India, China, Mongolia, Pakistan.Cashmere products are also known as pashmina, they are characterized by lightness, low allergenicity, and very pleasant to the touch. The fluff is plucked out or combed out by hand in the spring, during the moult of goats.

Pashmina

The name “pashmina” comes from the word “pashm” – as the Persians called wool. Pashmina shawls are hand woven from the wool of goats, which are bred in Kashmir, one of the states of India. Pashmina shawls have a lot of advantages: such shawls are soft and light.A pashmina shawl has long become not only a convenient means of protection from the cold, but also a fashionable accessory – a shawl decorated with fine colored embroidery and colored ornaments symbolizes true luxury.

When creating pashmina, neither viscose nor other synthetic materials are used. Popular is the combination of pashmina with silk fibers, which give the scarf an elegant shine. As a rule, the ratio of pashmina to silk in such shawls is 70 and 30%. These shawls are distinguished by the noble matte sheen that silk gives.

The higher the wool content, the more expensive a pashmina shawl is considered.

Cotton

Cotton, both medium staple and fine staple, depending on the breaking load and the degree of maturity, is divided into seven varieties: selected (0), 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th. In turn, Cotton of grades 0-4 is subdivided into eight types depending on its relative breaking load and staple length.

Polyester

Polyester / Polyester (PES).Polyester is a synthetic fiber. Polyester fabrics have excellent functional characteristics. These are lightweight, “breathable”, quick-drying, wear-resistant fabrics that perfectly retain their shape, are resistant to light and heat and are easy to clean. Polyester can be used to produce fabrics of various textures, matte or shiny, depending on their purpose. Polyester perfectly imitates the texture of natural fibers

Edging

For hemming the edge of the fabric in the manufacture of scarves, machine or manual processing is used.

Machine processing is carried out in two ways:

1. Overlock stitch *
2. overlock stitch (imitation hand sewn) with folds of fabric,
3. hand overcast – overlock ** with fabric fold-over.

* Overcast seams are flexible and durable, and include seam (Stitch – sew one piece to another, as well as one piece to another) and overcast (Overcast, overlap stitches at the edges, cuts).

** Overlock stitch is used for overcasting garments and buttonholes.

PLEASE NOTE – SABELLINO PRODUCTS ARE FREQUENTLY HANDLED.

The composition of the fabric in our products:

1. 100% silk
2. 100% polyester
3. 100% cashmere
4. 70% pashmina 30% silk
5. 80% cotton 20% silk
6. 80% wool 20% silk

Care guide for dry and sensitive skin

Tatiana Tsygankova, Oriflame product trainer:

“Dry skin is skin that suffers from a lack of moisture and natural grease, from birth and at any time of the year.This is the main difference between dry and dehydrated skin: dryness is a permanent symptom, skin type, and dehydration is just a temporary condition that can be corrected. “

How do you know if you really have dry and sensitive skin? Let’s do a simple test. Which of these statements are true for your skin?

• thin and sensitive;
• without oily sheen;
• pores are almost invisible;
• does not suffer from acne and rashes;
• often peels off;
• reacts with redness to physical impact
• may be rough to the touch;
• suffers from a feeling of tightness;
• is prone to early signs of aging.

The more checkboxes you put in your mind, the higher the likelihood that your skin is really dry.

WHAT IS THE REASON?

Most often, the skin becomes dry due to disturbances in the functioning of the sebaceous glands.
They secrete too little sebum and thus deprive the skin of its natural nutrition and protective barrier. As a result, it rapidly loses moisture and remains practically defenseless against the influence of negative environmental factors.

There are other reasons:

1. Heredity. Dry skin can be genetically determined.

2. Love for sunbathing. Direct sunlight dries the skin and reduces its immunity.

3. Wrong care program. Incorrectly selected products – for example, containing alcohol – provoke dehydration of the skin and age-related changes.

HOW TO CARE FOR DRY AND SENSITIVE SKIN?

1.Cleansing

Always wash off cosmetics before bedtime (even if you have no strength and really want to sleep) and in no case rub your skin with a cotton pad.
For cleansing, products with delicate, creamy textures are best, such as Optimals Cleansing Gel Cream for Dry and Sensitive Skin with a natural complex of ingredients. It gently removes make-up and impurities from the skin and maintains the skin’s natural lipid balance.

2. Toning

Regular toning is essential in the care of dry skin.Why? The clearer the skin, the better the moisturizers will be absorbed. The tonic also restores the protective functions of the skin. Try dabbing some tonic on a cotton pad and rubbing your face right after cleansing. Use Optimals mild toner for dry / sensitive skin. It does not contain alcohol, tones and soothes the skin, removing make-up residues and impurities.

3. Humidification

Use two types of humidification. Superficial hydration creates an invisible barrier on the skin’s surface that traps moisture and prevents it from evaporating.Moisturizing at a superficial level will be provided by creams, a Moisturizing Day Cream for dry / sensitive skin is ideal.

Deep hydration binds moisture molecules inside the skin and creates conditions for regeneration at the cellular level. Serums and masks will help with this.

4. Power supply

Night cream is more responsible for nourishing dry skin. Its main task is to saturate the skin with lipids, amino acids and fats, which are necessary to maintain the hydrolipid balance and restore the protective properties of the skin.The Optimals Nourishing Facial Booster will help to enhance the effect of the cream. Just add a few drops to your day or night cream and it will restore the skin’s softness, leaving it velvety and hydrated.

WHAT ELSE TO PAY ATTENTION TO:

• Dry and sensitive skin is especially prone to photoaging .