How does Lyme disease mimic cellulitis. What are the common symptoms of tick bite cellulitis. How is tick bite cellulitis diagnosed and treated. What are the risks and complications of untreated tick bite cellulitis. How can you prevent tick bites and associated infections.

The Connection Between Tick Bites and Cellulitis

Tick bites can lead to various health complications, including cellulitis, a bacterial skin infection that causes redness, swelling, and pain. While ticks themselves don’t directly cause cellulitis, their bites create openings in the skin that allow bacteria to enter, potentially leading to infection. Understanding the relationship between tick bites and cellulitis is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Are all tick bites associated with cellulitis? Not necessarily. While tick bites increase the risk of developing cellulitis, not every bite will result in infection. However, it’s essential to monitor any tick bite closely for signs of cellulitis or other tick-borne illnesses.

Lyme Disease: A Cellulitis Mimicker

Lyme disease, caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi and transmitted through tick bites, can often be mistaken for cellulitis due to similar symptoms. This misdiagnosis can lead to improper treatment and potentially serious complications.

Can Lyme disease rashes be confused with cellulitis? Yes, the erythema migrans (EM) rash associated with Lyme disease can be misidentified as cellulitis, spider bites, or shingles. A study by Aucott et al. found that in a series of 88 patients with EM rashes, 13 cases were initially misidentified or incorrectly treated.

Key Differences Between Lyme Disease and Cellulitis

• Lyme disease rashes often have a characteristic “bull’s-eye” appearance
• Lyme disease may be accompanied by flu-like symptoms
• Cellulitis typically causes more localized symptoms
• Cellulitis usually responds quickly to appropriate antibiotic treatment

Common Symptoms of Tick Bite Cellulitis

Recognizing the symptoms of tick bite cellulitis is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment. While symptoms can vary, there are several common signs to watch for:

• Redness and swelling around the bite area
• Warmth and tenderness to the touch
• Expanding area of redness
• Pain or discomfort
• Fever and chills
• Fatigue
• Swollen lymph nodes

How quickly do cellulitis symptoms appear after a tick bite? Symptoms of cellulitis can develop within hours to days after a tick bite. It’s important to monitor the bite site closely and seek medical attention if you notice any concerning changes.

Diagnosing Tick Bite Cellulitis

Accurate diagnosis of tick bite cellulitis is essential for proper treatment. Healthcare providers use a combination of methods to diagnose cellulitis and differentiate it from other conditions like Lyme disease.

Diagnostic Methods

1. Physical examination of the affected area
2. Medical history, including recent tick exposure
3. Blood tests to check for signs of infection
4. Skin cultures (in some cases)
5. Imaging tests (if deep tissue involvement is suspected)

Why is it important to differentiate between cellulitis and Lyme disease? Distinguishing between these conditions is crucial because they require different treatment approaches. While both may respond to some antibiotics, the duration and specific medication choices can vary significantly.

Treatment Options for Tick Bite Cellulitis

Effective treatment of tick bite cellulitis typically involves antibiotics and supportive care. The specific approach may vary depending on the severity of the infection and individual patient factors.

Antibiotic Therapy

Antibiotics are the primary treatment for cellulitis. Common choices include:

• Cephalexin
• Dicloxacillin
• Clindamycin
• Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (for suspected MRSA)

In cases where Lyme disease is suspected, doxycycline is often prescribed due to its effectiveness against Borrelia burgdorferi.

Supportive Care

• Elevation of the affected area to reduce swelling
• Cool compresses to alleviate discomfort
• Over-the-counter pain relievers
• Proper wound care and hygiene

How long does it take for cellulitis to improve with treatment? With appropriate antibiotic therapy, most cases of cellulitis begin to show improvement within 24 to 48 hours. However, it’s essential to complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed, even if symptoms improve.

Preventing Tick Bites and Associated Infections

Prevention is key when it comes to tick bites and associated infections like cellulitis and Lyme disease. By taking proactive measures, you can significantly reduce your risk of exposure.

Tick Bite Prevention Strategies

• Wear long sleeves and pants when in tick-prone areas
• Use EPA-approved insect repellents
• Treat clothing and gear with permethrin
• Perform thorough tick checks after outdoor activities
• Shower within two hours of coming indoors
• Examine gear and pets for ticks

What should you do if you find a tick on your skin? If you discover a tick attached to your skin, remove it promptly using fine-tipped tweezers. Grasp the tick as close to the skin’s surface as possible and pull upward with steady, even pressure. Clean the bite area and your hands with rubbing alcohol or soap and water.

Risks and Complications of Untreated Tick Bite Cellulitis

Left untreated, tick bite cellulitis can lead to serious complications. Understanding these risks emphasizes the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Potential Complications

• Spread of infection to deeper layers of skin and tissue
• Abscess formation
• Sepsis (bloodstream infection)
• Lymphangitis (inflammation of lymph vessels)
• Osteomyelitis (bone infection)
• Necrotizing fasciitis (rare but severe soft tissue infection)

Can cellulitis lead to long-term health problems? While most cases of cellulitis resolve with proper treatment, recurrent or severe infections can cause long-term complications such as chronic swelling, skin changes, and increased susceptibility to future infections.

The Importance of Proper Tick Removal

Proper tick removal is crucial in preventing infections like cellulitis and Lyme disease. Incorrect removal techniques can increase the risk of disease transmission and skin irritation.

Steps for Safe Tick Removal

1. Use fine-tipped tweezers to grasp the tick as close to the skin’s surface as possible
2. Pull upward with steady, even pressure
3. Avoid twisting or jerking the tick, which can cause mouthparts to break off and remain in the skin
4. After removal, thoroughly clean the bite area and your hands with rubbing alcohol or soap and water
5. Dispose of the live tick by submersing it in alcohol, placing it in a sealed bag, wrapping it tightly in tape, or flushing it down the toilet

Why should you avoid “folk remedies” for tick removal? Methods such as applying nail polish, petroleum jelly, or using heat can cause the tick to regurgitate its stomach contents into the wound, increasing the risk of disease transmission.

Differentiating Tick Bite Cellulitis from Other Skin Conditions

Tick bite cellulitis can be challenging to distinguish from other skin conditions, particularly in the early stages. Understanding the key differences can help in seeking appropriate medical care.

Conditions Often Confused with Tick Bite Cellulitis

• Lyme disease erythema migrans rash
• Spider bites
• Allergic reactions
• Shingles
• Insect bite hypersensitivity
• Erysipelas (a superficial form of cellulitis)

How can you tell if a rash is cellulitis or something else? While a definitive diagnosis often requires medical evaluation, cellulitis typically causes more pronounced swelling, warmth, and tenderness compared to many other skin conditions. The redness associated with cellulitis also tends to expand more rapidly and may be accompanied by systemic symptoms like fever.

The Role of Antibiotics in Treating Tick Bite Cellulitis

Antibiotics play a crucial role in the treatment of tick bite cellulitis. Choosing the right antibiotic and ensuring proper administration are key factors in successful treatment.

Factors Influencing Antibiotic Selection

• Severity of the infection
• Patient’s age and overall health
• Presence of other medical conditions
• Local patterns of antibiotic resistance
• Potential for Lyme disease co-infection

Is oral antibiotic therapy always sufficient for tick bite cellulitis? While many cases of cellulitis can be treated with oral antibiotics on an outpatient basis, more severe infections may require intravenous antibiotics and hospitalization. Factors such as the extent of the infection, the patient’s immune status, and response to initial treatment help determine the appropriate approach.

Long-Term Management and Prevention of Recurrent Cellulitis

For some individuals, particularly those with risk factors such as chronic skin conditions or compromised immune systems, recurrent cellulitis can be a concern. Implementing long-term management strategies can help reduce the risk of future infections.

Strategies for Preventing Recurrent Cellulitis

• Maintain good skin hygiene
• Promptly treat any skin injuries or conditions
• Manage underlying health conditions that may increase risk
• Consider prophylactic antibiotics in cases of frequent recurrence
• Use moisturizers to prevent skin dryness and cracking
• Wear protective clothing during outdoor activities
• Regular follow-ups with healthcare providers

Can lifestyle changes help prevent recurrent cellulitis? Yes, making certain lifestyle modifications can significantly reduce the risk of recurrent cellulitis. These may include maintaining a healthy weight, managing chronic conditions like diabetes, and taking steps to improve overall skin health and circulation.

The Impact of Climate Change on Tick Populations and Associated Infections

Climate change is having a significant impact on tick populations and the prevalence of tick-borne diseases, including those that can lead to cellulitis. Understanding these changes is crucial for public health planning and individual prevention strategies.

Effects of Climate Change on Tick Ecology

• Expansion of tick habitats into new geographical areas
• Extended active seasons for ticks
• Increased reproduction rates in warmer climates
• Changes in host animal populations and migration patterns
• Alterations in tick-borne pathogen life cycles

How is climate change affecting the risk of tick-borne diseases? Climate change is leading to an increase in tick populations and a broadening of their geographical range. This expansion is resulting in more human-tick encounters and, consequently, a higher risk of tick-borne diseases, including those that can lead to cellulitis.

Emerging Research in Tick-Borne Disease Prevention and Treatment

Ongoing research is paving the way for new approaches to preventing and treating tick-borne diseases, including those that can lead to cellulitis. These advancements hold promise for improving patient outcomes and reducing the burden of these infections.

Areas of Current Research Focus

• Development of new tick repellents and protective measures
• Improved diagnostic tests for early detection of tick-borne pathogens
• Novel antibiotic therapies and treatment protocols
• Vaccines against tick-borne diseases
• Ecological interventions to reduce tick populations
• Genetic studies of ticks and associated pathogens

What potential breakthroughs are on the horizon for tick-borne disease management? Researchers are exploring several promising avenues, including the development of a universal vaccine that could protect against multiple tick-borne pathogens, as well as new rapid diagnostic tools that could detect infections earlier and with greater accuracy. Additionally, studies into tick biology and behavior are informing new strategies for tick control and prevention.

As our understanding of tick-borne diseases and their complications continues to evolve, it’s crucial for both healthcare providers and the general public to stay informed about the latest developments in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. By combining vigilant personal protection measures with advancing medical knowledge, we can work towards reducing the impact of tick bites and associated infections like cellulitis.

Lyme disease mimics cellulitis skin infection

Lyme disease can mimic acute and chronic illness. In their article “Lyme Disease Mimics Postoperative Cellulitis,” the authors describe a patient who developed an abdominal rash, which was initially diagnosed as cellulitis, six days after a laparoscopic left salpingo-oophorectomy surgery. [1]

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By Dr. Daniel Cameron

The 40-year-old woman, who developed redness, swelling, pain, and a rash at the excision site, was treated with cephalexin and later switched to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX).  This case describes a case where Lyme disease mimics cellulitis.

“Over the next 24 hours, there was a rapid expansion of abdominal redness and patchy areas of redness on her left groin and her right forearm,” the authors write. The patient had complained of muscle and joint stiffness but attributed it to recent outdoor camping and exercise.

The woman was “admitted for postoperative cellulitis remote from surgery.” She was treated with doxycycline for possible Lyme disease, due to her recent camping trip and exposure to ticks.

Within hours of starting doxycycline, the patient’s “abdominal erythema [rash] significantly receded, the forearm and leg rashes resolved, and the joint pain and stiffness improved markedly.”

The Lyme disease diagnosis was confirmed with an IgM Western blot test.

“Initial suppression of the worsening rash could have been due to a low level of TMP/SMX activity on Borrelia burgdorferi stationary phase cells,” the authors explain.

Rashes caused by Lyme disease may be incorrectly identified and attributed to other conditions, such as cellulitis. Click To Tweet

The woman’s IgG Western blot test was negative.

Although Lyme disease can present with erythema migran rashes, early rashes can be confused with cellulitis. The authors suggest, “Lyme disease should be considered in patients with cellulitis in areas of endemic Lyme.”

Lyme disease rashes have been misidentified

Lyme disease rashes were misidentified in a case series involving 88 patients who presented with an erythema migrans (EM).  In 13 of these patients, the rash had been incorrectly identified or treated.

“Rashes were often misidentified by clinicians and patients as a spider bite, cellulitis, or shingles,” wrote Aucott and colleagues. [2]

The authors concluded, “Until more accurate tests are developed for early Lyme disease, cases without a diagnostic EM rash will need to be managed carefully.

In patients with cutaneous lesions where the differential diagnosis of cellulitis is not certain, empiric antibiotics should be chosen that will have activity against both Lyme disease and common agents of cellulitis.”

Editor’s note: I have prescribed cefuroxime or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid if Lyme disease is a consideration. Neither cephalexin nor TMP/SMX are effective against Lyme disease. If I believe Lyme disease is involved, I will treat patients longer than 7 to 10 days.  You can look at the rash yourself as the journal is open access.

References:

1. Miles S, Mansuria S. Lyme Disease Mimics Postoperative Cellulitis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. Nov 15 2020;doi:10.1016/j.jmig.2020.11.002
2. Aucott J, Morrison C, Munoz B, Rowe PC, Schwarzwalder A, West SK. Diagnostic challenges of early Lyme disease: lessons from a community case series. BMC Infect Dis. Jun 1 2009;9:79. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-9-79

Can you get cellulitis from an insect bite? Everything you need to know to avoid it

Written by Candina Jordan

• What Is Cellulitis?
• Insect Bites
• What Is Cellulitis From a Bug Bite?
• Symptoms of Cellulitis From an Insect Bite
• Treating Cellulitis From an Insect Bite
• How to Prevent Cellulitis From an Insect Bite
• Risks and Complications of Cellulitis From an Insect Bite
• More

Bites from mosquitoes, wasps, spiders, and other bugs can break your skin, leaving an opening for bacteria to enter.  

Insect bites don’t directly cause conditions like cellulitis. However, the broken skin and itchiness associated with insect bites increase your risk of developing cellulitis from a bug bite.

Cellulitis is a skin infection that can be caused by many different types of bacteria. It causes swelling, redness, and pain in the area that’s infected. If you don’t treat cellulitis, it can spread and cause serious problems affecting your joints, bones, blood, or heart. Cellulitis can be treated by your healthcare provider with antibiotics.

Although cellulitis can be caused by many different types of bacteria, the two most common types are Group A Streptococcus and Staphylococcus aureus. These bacteria live on your skin and underneath your fingernails. 

Most of the time, insect bites are mild and can be treated at home. However, insect bites cause a break in your skin that can allow bacteria to enter. If you scratch an insect bite, you can transfer bacteria from under your nails or surrounding skin into the wound.  

If you’re bitten by an insect, treat it immediately to avoid complications such as cellulitis.

• Move away from the area to avoid getting any more bites or stings. 
• If you see a stinger, remove it from your skin. 
• Wash the area of the insect bite with soap and water. 
• Reduce pain and swelling by applying a cold cloth to the area for 10 to 20 minutes. 
• If the bite or sting is on your arm or leg, elevate the limb to help reduce swelling. 
• Use calamine lotion, baking soda paste, or hydrocortisone cream on the area several times a day. 
• Take an antihistamine such as cetirizine, fexofenadine, or loratadine to help reduce itching. 
• Use an over-the-counter pain reliever if needed. 

An insect bite alone won’t give you cellulitis. Insects don’t transmit the bacteria that cause cellulitis through their bites or stings. However, the break in your skin caused by the bite or sting can give the bacteria a chance to get inside your body and cause an infection. These types of bacteria commonly live on your skin and in your nose and mouth, even if you’re healthy. 

Cellulitis symptoms from an insect bite may not develop in the first several days after an insect bite. They usually start with a small area of skin that’s red, swollen, tender, and warm. The skin may be pitted like an orange peel or develop blisters. You may have a fever and chills. Cellulitis is most common on the feet and legs, but it can appear on any part of your body.

Your doctor can diagnose cellulitis based on a physical exam. There’s no blood test that can determine if you have cellulitis, but a test can determine what type of bacteria is causing the infection. 

Common cellulitis bug bite treatment may involve: 

Antibiotics. Cellulitis may be treated with an antibiotic you take by mouth. The type of antibiotic you need will depend on what type of bacteria is causing your cellulitis. You may need to take antibiotics for 7 to 14 days or longer if you have a weakened immune system.  

Some people may need more than one type of antibiotic or may need an IV antibiotic. IV antibiotics may be administered in the hospital to treat severe cellulitis or cellulitis of the face. People who are hospitalized with cellulitis usually have to stay in the hospital for a little over a week.  

Wound care. Taking care of the wound is an important part of treating cellulitis. Keeping it covered may help it heal faster. Your healthcare provider will let you know if you need to use special dressings or medicines to take care of your wound. 

Rest and elevation. You may need to keep the site of cellulitis elevated to help relieve the swelling and help your body heal. 

Here are some steps you can take to prevent developing cellulitis from an insect bite: 

• Use soap and water to clean an insect bite. 
• Apply antibiotic ointment to the bug bite if the skin is broken. 
• Use a bandage to cover the bug bite to keep it clean and prevent scratching.  
• Reapply a fresh band-aid and ointment daily or whenever it gets dirty. 
• Try to prevent itching by taking an over-the-counter antihistamine.

You can also reduce your chances of developing cellulitis from an insect bite by reducing your chances of getting bitten: 

• Use an insect repellent approved by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 
• Wear long sleeves and long pants when you’re outside. 
• Use an insecticide on your clothes. 

Cellulitis can cause serious complications if left untreated. You should see your doctor immediately if you have cellulitis along with any of the following symptoms: 

• A large area of skin that’s red and inflamed
• Fever 
• Numbness, tingling, or other changes in the affected area
• Skin that appears blackened
• A red and swollen area around your eyes or behind your ears
• Diabetes or a weakened immune system

Untreated cellulitis can cause: 

• Bacteremia, an infection of the blood
• Endocarditis, an infection of the inner linings of the heart’s valves and chambers
• Toxic shock syndrome, a life-threatening condition caused by bacterial toxins
• Sepsis, an extreme response to infection
• Necrotizing fasciitis, an infection that destroys tissue under the skin

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Cellulite: causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.

Definition

Infectious cellulitis, or, as it is also called, streptococcal cellulitis, acute indurative cellulitis, bacterial cellulitis, is a deep inflammatory lesion of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, accompanied by induration, redness, swelling, pain.

Cosmetologists understand cellulite not as an inflammatory process, but as a lobular structure of subcutaneous fatty tissue, uneven deposition of subcutaneous fat, which manifests itself outwardly as uneven skin. It is necessary to clearly separate the dermatological nosology “cellulite” and the cosmetic problem “false cellulite”, or gynoid lipodystrophy.

Cellulite disease has nothing to do with an aesthetic defect, which is commonly referred to as “orange peel”.

Causes of cellulite

Cellulitis is usually caused by bacterial flora – group A streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus, pneumococcus. The process is associated with an open wound surface or skin abscess. In some cases (with diabetic ulcers of the lower extremities, severe tissue ischemia, after animal bites), other microorganisms, mainly aerobic gram-negative bacteria, can become the cause of cellulite. Yeast-like fungi of the genus 9 are considered rare causative agents of cellulite.0036 Candida , pathogenic fungi, parasites, viruses. There is an allergic variant of cellulitis – eosinophilic cellulitis (Wells syndrome).

Cellulite on intact skin is called “erysipelas”. Erysipelas is an acute form of cellulitis that occurs with the involvement of the lymphatic tissue in the inflammatory process, where the pathogen multiplies. Erysipelas affects the upper layers of the skin, while cellulite extends to deeper tissues. However, it is often quite difficult to draw a clear line between them, so they use the single term “cellulite”.

About half of patients with cellulite experience its recurrence. The recurrent course of the disease is often associated with pathologies of the venous and lymphatic systems. As a rule, traumatic or surgical interventions cause the first manifestations of cellulite. Cellulitis of the lower extremities usually occurs in older patients against the background of hypostatic phenomena (varicose veins, lymphostasis, etc.), as well as fungal diseases of the feet due to a violation of the barrier function of the skin.

Cellulite develops in places of skin damage as a result of microtraumas, cracks, cuts, burns, punctures, animal and insect bites, trophic ulcers, and edema of any etiology. Patients with diabetes mellitus, obesity, liver cirrhosis, renal failure, as well as cancer patients and people who have foci of chronic infection or have reduced immunity are most susceptible to recurrent infection.

Most often, cellulite is localized on the legs, face, auricles, although it can also affect other parts of the body.

Disease classification

The following clinical variants of cellulite are distinguished:

• erythematous,
• erythematous hemorrhagic,
• erythematous-vesicular,
• erythematous-vesicular-hemorrhagic,
• erythematous-bullous-hemorrhagic.

Symptoms of cellulite

The disease begins acutely, usually within 1-3 days after exposure to a provoking factor. The clinical picture of cellulite is characterized by diffuse redness with blurry edges, the area of ​​inflammation is hot and painful on palpation. The lesions quickly increase in size, becoming plaque-like and edematous. Sometimes red stripes are noted – this is due to the transition of the infection to the lymphatic vessels, which become inflamed, causing hyperemia along the vessels. Slower and less acute cellulitis develops around ulcers.

A feeling of fullness, burning, pain appears in the area of ​​inflammation. Redness in a few hours turns into a bright erythema with clear uneven contours, swelling and infiltration of the skin are observed. Blisters often appear with hemorrhagic contents.

In severe cases (less than a third of patients), fever up to 38-40 ° C, chills, tachycardia, lowering blood pressure, headache, general malaise are possible.

Cellulite Diagnostics

The diagnosis of cellulite is based on a visual assessment of the clinical manifestations and laboratory confirmation. The main diagnostic measures include:

• complete blood count;

Clinical blood test: general analysis, leukogram, ESR (with microscopy of a blood smear in the presence of pathological changes)

Synonyms: Complete blood count, UAC. Full blood count, FBC, Complete blood count (CBC) with differential white blood cell count (CBC with diff), Hemogram.
Brief description of the study Clinical blood test: general a. ..

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RUB 810

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General urinalysis (Urine analysis with sediment microscopy)

Method of determination

Determination of physical and chemical parameters is carried out on an automatic analyzer using the “dry chemistry” method.

Hardware microscope…

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410 RUB

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C-reactive protein (CRP, CRP)

C-reactive protein is an acute phase protein, a sensitive indicator of tissue damage during inflammation, necrosis, trauma.
Synonyms: Blood test for CRP; C-jet …

Up to 1 business day

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665 RUB

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Anaerobic culture, Routine. Bacteria Identification and Susceptibility

Detection of anaerobic flora in purulent-inflammatory processes.

Anaerobic microorganisms constitute the vast majority of normal human microflora…

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Gram Stain. Bacterioscopic examination of different smears

Synonyms: Analysis of a Gram-stained smear.

Microscopic (bacterioscopic) examination of Gram-stained smear.

Brief description of the study Microscopic examination of a smear stained …

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Culture of wound exudates and tissues for microflora and determination of sensitivity to an extended spectrum of antimicrobials

Synonyms:
Wound/tissue Culture. Aerobic Bacteria Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility extended testing.
Brief description of the study “Sowing wound discharge and tissues for microflora and determination …

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2 520 RUB

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Culture of wound exudates and tissues for microflora, determination of sensitivity to antimicrobials and bacteriophages

Synonyms:
Wound/tissue Culture. Aerobic Bacteria Identification. Antibiotic Susceptibility and Bacteriophage Efficiency testing.
Brief description of the study “Sowing of wound discharge and tissues for microflora, determined …

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RUB 1,525

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Culture of wound discharge and tissues for microflora and determination of sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs

Synonyms:
Wound/tissue Culture. Aerobic Bacteria Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility testing.
Brief description of the study “Sowing of wound discharge and tissues for microflora and determination of sensi…

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Glucose (in the blood) (Glucose)

Research material

Serum or blood plasma. If it is not possible to centrifuge the sample 30 minutes after collection for serum/plasma separation…

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Which doctors to contact

It is possible to prevent the development of cellulite at an early stage, so when the first symptoms appear, you should consult a dermatologist, a general practitioner (family doctor). It is recommended to consult a surgeon for patients with ulcerative skin defects, if necessary, surgical treatment of the ulcerative surface. Consultation

general practitioner

and

endocrinologist

is needed for chronic cellulite to exclude concomitant pathology and determine the required amount of diagnostic and therapeutic measures.

Treatment of cellulite

The basis of the treatment of infectious cellulite is antibacterial therapy, taking into account the sensitivity of the pathogen to certain drugs. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are used, which is associated with difficulties in laboratory verification of the pathogen. Antimicrobial treatment of cellulite involves the use of antibacterial agents active against streptococci and staphylococci for 5 to 10 days in the case of uncomplicated cellulitis. In severe forms of cellulitis, antibacterial therapy is carried out with the use of drugs that are effective against both strepto- and staphylococci, and gram-negative aerobic microorganisms, until negative culture results are obtained. If the inflammation is autoimmune, then antibiotics are not required. Corticosteroids are often prescribed to relieve inflammation.

Localized erysipelas and cellulite care includes bed rest and elevation of affected areas to reduce local swelling. Cool, sterile saline dressings relieve pain and are especially indicated in the presence of bullous lesions. Application of moist heat may help localize an abscess associated with cellulitis.

Note that local therapy is indicated only for bullous, hemorrhagic manifestations of the disease.

In most cases of typical cellulite, there is no need to prescribe local agents – systemic antibacterial drugs are sufficient.
In complex and severe cases, surgery may be required to remove gangrene, tissue necrosis.

Among physiotherapeutic methods, the use of ultraviolet irradiation, laser therapy and photodynamic therapy is recommended. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is used in patients with progressive cellulitis, when surgical excision of pathological tissues may be crippling.

Complications

Cellulite treatment should be started as soon as the doctor prescribes it, and all recommendations must be fully followed. The patient should not stop treatment as soon as he feels better, otherwise the disease may spread, causing serious complications.

Complications of cellulitis can be abscesses, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, thrombophlebitis, bacteremia, necrotizing fasciitis, as well as lymphangitis and glomerulonephritis.

Recurrent infection of the lower extremities may be complicated by the development of dermal fibrosis and thickening of the epidermis. In older people, cellulitis of the lower third of the lower leg may be complicated by thrombophlebitis. In addition, inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue can trigger the development of meningitis.
In severe cases, cellulitis turns into gangrene. In turn, gangrene is often complicated by necrosis, in which the affected skin and subcutaneous fat die off. And this can lead to sepsis and death.

Prevention of cellulite

In order to prevent cellulite recurrence, the use of bicillin administered intramuscularly is effective. The duration of bicillin prophylaxis is 3 years, one preventive course per year.

The success of preventive treatment of cellulite also depends on the effectiveness of therapy for diseases that predispose to the appearance and recurrence of cellulite – diabetes, foot mycosis, microcirculation disorders, carbohydrate metabolism.

To prevent cellulite, you need to observe personal hygiene, monitor the condition of the skin – it should always be clean, do not allow it to peel or crack.

You should not get carried away with local antibacterial agents, as this can lead to a violation of the natural microflora of the skin and a weakening of its barrier function.

For the prevention of cellulite and erysipelas, it is necessary to follow the general recommendations:

• be careful when handling raw fish, poultry or meat;
• when working with the ground, it is recommended to wear rubber gloves;
• treat fungal infections in a timely manner; skin wounds must be thoroughly washed so that the infection does not enter the underlying tissues;
• at the first symptoms of inflammation, you should consult a doctor.

Sources:

1. Plieva L.R. Cellulitis versus cellulite. Russian journal of skin and venereal diseases. 2015; 18(6). pp. 42-49.
2. Federal clinical guidelines for the management of patients with pyoderma. Russian Society of Dermatovenerologists and Cosmetologists. Moscow, 2015.
3. Plavunov N.F., Kadyshev V.A., Chernobrovkina T.Ya., Proskurina L.N. Features of the clinic and differential diagnosis of erysipelas. Review. Archive of internal medicine. 2017; 7(5). pp. 327-339. DOI: 10.20514/2226-6704-2017-7-5-327-339

IMPORTANT!

The information in this section should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. In case of pain or other exacerbation of the disease, only the attending physician should prescribe diagnostic tests. For diagnosis and proper treatment, you should contact your doctor.
For a correct assessment of the results of your analyzes in dynamics, it is preferable to do studies in the same laboratory, since different laboratories may use different research methods and units of measurement to perform the same analyzes.

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Mosquito bites: what is the danger and how to treat – advice from a dermatologist html

Mosquito bites: what is the danger and how to treat – advice from a dermatologist

Mosquito bites: what is the danger and how to treat – advice from a dermatologist dermatologist

About how to avoid risks and how to treat mosquito bites correctly, told the leading dermatologist, teacher of the online academy of skin problems Skill for. .. RIA Novosti Krym, 07/23/2021

2021-07-23T21: 15

2021-07-23T18: 23

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SEVASTOPOL, July 23 – RIA Novosti Crimea. Leading dermatologist, lecturer at the Skill for Skin online academy of skin problems Margarita Gecht spoke about how to avoid risks and how to treat mosquito bites correctly. According to the doctor, the causes of allergic reactions to mosquito bites have not been thoroughly studied to date, however all three existing versions are somehow connected with the body’s reaction to substances contained in saliva, which the insect injects into the blood when biting a person. In this way, various diseases can be transmitted. As a result, a bite spot on the skin that is invisible at first glance can have serious consequences. The specialist notes that only female mosquitoes bite, for them human blood is a source of protein that insects use when laying eggs. Many people do not experience much discomfort after being bitten. As a rule, the maximum that can happen is that a small blister and redness form on the damaged area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin, and then itching occurs. If there are capillaries near the bite site, something like bruising can also appear – dark spots, Hecht says. However, in some cases, the consequences can be much more traumatic and dangerous. At the same time, they can appear both separately and all at once. In this case, we are talking about the so-called Sticker syndrome – a severe allergic reaction that grows in a matter of hours. Among the complications that are possible as a result of a mosquito bite, the doctor names the three most unpleasant and dangerous. And these are all bacterial infections. Impetigo is a local bacterial infection that can be caused by scratching the site of an itchy bite to the point of scratching. Cellulitis is the result of a bacterial infection spreading over the skin, which becomes swollen, hot, and looks like an orange peel. And finally, lymphangitis is a bacterial infection that spreads through the lymphatic channels. The third case is the most dangerous. Outwardly, everything looks like a red stripe going up the arm or leg, this is a danger signal – a possible infection into the bloodstream and blood poisoning. At the same time, fever, headache and joint pain can become symptoms of the disease after a bite. The dermatologist recommends Seek medical attention immediately if you experience any symptoms other than redness and itching at the bite site. If the consequences of an insect attack are minimal, a cream or gel with an antihistamine component will help get rid of discomfort, Gecht notes. Folk remedies will also help. Among them, the dermatologist names seven: These products can be applied to the skin to relieve an allergic reaction. At the same time, Hecht notes that for those people who are allergic to ragweed, chamomile can be harmful. Earlier, the RIA Novosti Crimea website reported that two potentially dangerous species of mosquitoes had appeared in Crimea.

https://crimea.ria.ru/20210601/Eto-ne-ukus-nasekomogo-vrach-rasskazal-o-priznakakh-raka-kozhi-1119633765.html

https://crimea.ria.ru/20210517 /Lomota-i-temperatura-kak-opredelit-ukus-infitsirovannogo-klescha-1119584151.html

https://crimea.ria.ru/20190720/1117031966.html

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SEVASTOPOL, July 23 – RIA Novosti Crimea. Margarita Gecht, a leading dermatologist and lecturer at the Skill for Skin online academy of skin problems, spoke about how to avoid risks and how to treat mosquito bites correctly.

June 1, 2021, 09:11

This is not an insect bite: the doctor spoke about the signs of skin cancer are associated with the body’s reaction to substances contained in saliva, which the insect injects into the bloodstream by biting a person. In this way, various diseases can be transmitted. As a result, a bite mark on the skin that is imperceptible at first glance can have serious consequences.

May 17, 2021, 08:36

Aching and fever: how to identify the bite of an infected tick

The specialist notes that only female mosquitoes bite, for them human blood is a source of a protein that insects use when laying eggs. Many people do not experience much discomfort after being bitten. As a rule, the maximum that can happen is that a small blister and redness form on the damaged area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin, and then itching occurs. If there are capillaries near the bite site, something like bruising can also appear – dark spots, Hecht says.

However, in some cases, the consequences can be much more traumatic and dangerous. At the same time, they can appear both separately and all at once. In this case, we are talking about the so-called Sticker syndrome – a severe allergic reaction that grows in a matter of hours.

“Sometimes under certain circumstances, more often due to the peculiarities of the immune system, more severe reactions can develop, which lead to the following symptoms: a large area of ​​​​edema and redness, low-grade or febrile fever, swollen lymph nodes. In Skeeter’s syndrome, blisters are in place bites tend to swell to a very large diameter, leading, along with fever, to puffiness of the skin,” Hecht said.

Among the complications that are possible as a result of a mosquito bite, the doctor names the three most unpleasant and dangerous. And these are all bacterial infections.

July 20, 2019, 14:37

Killer spider: an expert spoke about the consequences of a karakurt bite

Impetigo is a local bacterial infection that can be caused by scratching the site of an itchy bite to scratches Cellulitis is the result of a bacterial infection spreading over the skin, which becomes swollen, hot, and looks like an orange peel. And finally, lymphangitis is a bacterial infection that spreads through the lymphatic channels. The third case is the most dangerous. Outwardly, everything looks like a red stripe going up the arm or leg, this is a danger signal – a possible infection in the bloodstream and blood poisoning.

Fever, headache, and joint pain may also occur after a bite.

The dermatologist recommends that you see a doctor immediately if you experience any symptoms other than redness and itching at the bite site. If the consequences of an insect attack are minimal, a cream or gel with an antihistamine component will help get rid of discomfort, Hecht notes.

Folk remedies will also help. Among them, the dermatologist names seven:

• soda and water paste;
• a mixture of crushed oatmeal and water, which takes the form of a suspension;
• crushed basil leaves;
• aloe leaf juice-gel;
• cooling products with menthol;
• ice;
• decoction of chamomile.

These products can be applied to the skin to relieve an allergic reaction.