What are the most effective topical treatments for contact dermatitis. How is contact dermatitis diagnosed. What are the common symptoms of contact dermatitis. Which lifestyle changes can help manage contact dermatitis.

Understanding Contact Dermatitis: Causes and Types

Contact dermatitis is a common skin condition characterized by inflammation and irritation resulting from direct contact with certain substances. It manifests as a rash with symptoms such as redness, itching, and swelling. There are two primary types of contact dermatitis:

• Irritant contact dermatitis: Caused by direct skin damage from harsh substances
• Allergic contact dermatitis: Triggered by an allergic reaction to specific allergens

Understanding the underlying cause is crucial for effective treatment and prevention. Can environmental factors contribute to contact dermatitis. Exposure to certain chemicals, plants, metals, and even some cosmetics can trigger contact dermatitis in susceptible individuals.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Contact Dermatitis

Identifying contact dermatitis early is key to prompt treatment and relief. Common symptoms include:

• Redness and inflammation
• Intense itching
• Skin dryness or scaliness
• Blistering or oozing in severe cases
• Swelling of the affected area

The severity and presentation of symptoms can vary depending on the type and duration of exposure to the irritant or allergen. How quickly do symptoms of contact dermatitis appear. Symptoms may develop within hours of exposure for irritant contact dermatitis, while allergic reactions can take 24-48 hours to manifest.

Diagnostic Approaches for Contact Dermatitis

Accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment of contact dermatitis. Healthcare providers typically employ the following diagnostic methods:

1. Physical examination: Assessing the appearance and distribution of the rash
2. Medical history: Identifying potential triggers and exposure patterns
3. Patch testing: Determining specific allergens in cases of suspected allergic contact dermatitis
4. Skin biopsy: Rarely needed but may be performed to rule out other skin conditions

Is patch testing always necessary for diagnosing contact dermatitis. While patch testing is valuable for identifying specific allergens in allergic contact dermatitis, it may not be required for all cases, especially if the cause is evident from the patient’s history and physical examination.

The Role of Patch Testing in Diagnosis

Patch testing involves applying small amounts of potential allergens to the skin and observing for reactions over several days. This method is particularly useful for identifying the specific substances causing allergic contact dermatitis, enabling targeted treatment and prevention strategies.

Topical Treatments: First-Line Defense Against Contact Dermatitis

Topical treatments form the cornerstone of contact dermatitis management. These medications are applied directly to the affected skin and can provide rapid relief of symptoms. Common topical treatments include:

• Corticosteroid creams and ointments
• Calcineurin inhibitors (e.g., tacrolimus, pimecrolimus)
• Barrier repair creams
• Topical antihistamines

Which factors determine the choice of topical treatment for contact dermatitis. The selection depends on the severity of symptoms, the affected body area, and the patient’s age and overall health status. Prescription-strength corticosteroids are often reserved for more severe cases or when over-the-counter options prove ineffective.

Corticosteroid Creams: Potent Anti-Inflammatory Agents

Topical corticosteroids are highly effective in reducing inflammation and alleviating symptoms of contact dermatitis. They come in various strengths, from mild over-the-counter hydrocortisone to potent prescription formulations. Are there risks associated with long-term use of topical corticosteroids. Prolonged use, especially of high-potency steroids, can lead to skin thinning and other side effects, necessitating careful monitoring and appropriate application.

Calcineurin Inhibitors: Non-Steroidal Alternatives

Topical calcineurin inhibitors, such as tacrolimus and pimecrolimus, offer a steroid-free option for managing contact dermatitis, particularly in sensitive areas like the face. These medications work by modulating the immune response in the skin, reducing inflammation and itching.

Systemic Treatments for Severe Cases

While topical treatments are sufficient for most cases of contact dermatitis, severe or widespread cases may require systemic interventions. These include:

• Oral corticosteroids
• Systemic antihistamines
• Immunosuppressants in refractory cases

When should systemic treatments be considered for contact dermatitis. Systemic treatments are typically reserved for cases that fail to respond to topical therapies or when the rash covers a large body surface area. These medications carry a higher risk of side effects and require close medical supervision.

Lifestyle Modifications and Preventive Strategies

Managing contact dermatitis extends beyond medical treatments. Implementing lifestyle changes and preventive measures can significantly reduce the frequency and severity of flare-ups. Key strategies include:

1. Identifying and avoiding triggers
2. Using protective clothing and gloves when handling potential irritants
3. Maintaining proper skin hygiene without over-cleansing
4. Applying moisturizers regularly to strengthen the skin barrier
5. Opting for hypoallergenic products in personal care and household items

How effective is trigger avoidance in preventing contact dermatitis recurrence. Identifying and avoiding specific triggers is one of the most effective strategies for preventing future episodes of contact dermatitis, often leading to long-term symptom control without the need for continuous medication.

The Importance of Skin Barrier Function

Maintaining a healthy skin barrier is crucial in preventing and managing contact dermatitis. Regular use of emollients and moisturizers helps to reinforce the skin’s natural protective barrier, reducing susceptibility to irritants and allergens.

Natural and Alternative Remedies

While medical treatments are the mainstay of contact dermatitis management, some individuals may find relief through natural or alternative remedies. These can include:

• Colloidal oatmeal baths
• Aloe vera gel
• Chamomile compresses
• Coconut oil as a natural moisturizer

Can natural remedies replace conventional treatments for contact dermatitis. While natural remedies may provide symptomatic relief for mild cases, they should not replace medical treatments, especially for moderate to severe contact dermatitis. It’s important to consult with a healthcare provider before incorporating alternative therapies.

Long-Term Management and Prognosis

Contact dermatitis is often a chronic condition that requires ongoing management. Long-term strategies focus on:

1. Regular follow-ups with healthcare providers
2. Continuous education about potential triggers
3. Adapting treatment plans as needed
4. Monitoring for complications or secondary infections

What is the typical prognosis for individuals with contact dermatitis. With proper management and trigger avoidance, many individuals with contact dermatitis can achieve good symptom control and experience prolonged periods without flare-ups. However, the condition may persist long-term, necessitating ongoing vigilance and care.

The Role of Patient Education

Empowering patients with knowledge about their condition is crucial for successful long-term management. Understanding the nature of contact dermatitis, potential triggers, and proper skincare techniques enables individuals to take an active role in their treatment and prevention strategies.

Contact dermatitis, while often a challenging condition, can be effectively managed through a combination of medical treatments, lifestyle modifications, and preventive measures. By working closely with healthcare providers and staying informed about the latest management strategies, individuals with contact dermatitis can minimize its impact on their daily lives and maintain healthy skin.

As research in dermatology continues to advance, new treatments and management approaches may emerge, offering hope for even better outcomes in the future. Staying informed about these developments and maintaining open communication with healthcare providers will be key to optimizing care for those affected by contact dermatitis.

Types, Symptoms, Treatments, & More

Written by WebMD Editorial Contributors

• What Are Rashes?
• Eczema
• Granuloma Annulare
• Lichen Planus
• Pityriasis Rosea

Rashes are abnormal changes in skin color or texture. They usually result from skin inflammation, which can have many causes.

There are many types of rashes, including eczema, granuloma annulare, lichen planus, and pityriasis rosea.

Eczema is a general term that describes several different conditions in which skin is inflamed, red, scaly, and itchy. Eczema is a common skin condition, and atopic dermatitis (also called atopic eczema) is one of the most common forms of eczema.

Eczema can affect adults or children. The condition isn’t contagious. View a slideshow to get an overview on eczema.

Causes

We don’t know for sure what causes atopic eczema, but the condition often affects people with a family history of allergies. If you have eczema, you may also have hay fever and/or asthma, or have family members with those conditions.

Some things can trigger a flare-up of eczema or make eczema worse, but they don’t cause the condition. Eczema triggers include stress, skin irritants (including soaps, skin care products, or some fabrics), allergens, and climate/environment. Learn more about the link between allergies and eczema.

Symptoms

The way eczema looks can vary from person to person. In adults, eczema most often affects the hands, elbows, and “bending” areas like the inside of the elbows and back of your knees. In young children, eczema often shows up inside the elbows, behind the knees, and on the face, back of the neck, and scalp. Signs and symptoms of atopic eczema include:

• Itchiness
• Skin redness
• Dry, scaly, or crusted skin that might become thick and leathery from long-term scratching
• Formation of small, fluid-filled blisters that might ooze when scratched
• Infection of the areas of broken skin

Diagnosis

To diagnose atopic eczema, the doctor will check your skin and ask about your symptoms. They might test an area of scaly or crusty skin to rule out other skin diseases or infections. Find out more on the symptoms and diagnosis of eczema.

Treatment

You can treat eczema with moisturizers that are fragrance-free and contain ingredients such as ceramides, glycerin, and mineral oil. Medications include over-the-counter creams and ointments containing the steroid hydrocortisone (for example, Cortizone-10, Cort-Aid, Dermarest Eczema, Neosporin Eczema). These products may help control the itching, swelling, and redness linked to eczema. Prescription-strength cortisone creams, as well as cortisone pills and shots, are also used for more severe cases.

For people with mild to moderate eczema, topical immunomodulators (TIMs) can help. TIMS — including brand name products Elidel and Protopic — work by changing the body’s immune response to allergens, preventing flare-ups.

Crisaborole (Eucrisa) is an ointment for mild to moderate psoriasis in those 2 and older.

Dupilumab (Dupixent) is an injectable monoclonal antibody used in patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. It clears the itch quickly in most patients.

Other drugs that might be used for people with eczema include antibiotics (to treat infected skin) and antihistamines (to help control itching).

Phototherapy is another treatment that helps some people with eczema. The ultraviolet light waves found in sunlight have been shown to help treat certain skin disorders, including eczema. Phototherapy uses ultraviolet light — either ultraviolet A (UVA) or ultraviolet B (UVB) — from special lamps to treat people with severe eczema.

Risks linked to phototherapy include burning (usually resembling a mild sunburn), dry skin, itchy skin, freckling, and possible premature aging of the skin. Your health care professionals will work with you to lessen any risks. Get more details about treatments for eczema.

Prevention

There’s no way to prevent atopic eczema, but you can do things to improve your symptoms:

• Reduce stress
• Avoid scratchy materials (for example, wool) and chemicals such as harsh soaps, detergents, and solvents
• Moisturize often
• Avoid sudden changes in temperature or humidity
• Avoid situations that cause sweating and overheating

Read more on how to prevent eczema flare-ups.

Granuloma annulare is a chronic skin condition that consists of a circular-shaped rash with reddish bumps (papules). People who have granuloma annulare usually notice one or more rings of small, firm bumps over the backs of their forearms, hands, or feet. The rash may be mildly itchy. It’s not known what causes it and they usually go away on their own, although steroids may be prescribed. The condition most often affects children and young adults and is slightly more common in girls.

Granuloma annulare is a chronic skin condition that consists of a circular-shaped rash with reddish bumps (papules).

Most often, the condition affects children and young adults. Granuloma annulare is slightly more common in girls and usually is seen in people who are otherwise healthy.

Causes

We don’t know what causes granuloma annulare.

Symptoms

People who have granuloma annulare usually notice one or more rings of small, firm bumps over the backs of their forearms, hands, or feet. The rash may be mildly itchy.

Diagnosis

Your doctor can diagnose you. They might use a skin biopsy to confirm you have granuloma annulare.

Treatment

Treatment of granuloma annulare usually isn’t necessary, except for cosmetic reasons. In some cases, steroid creams or ointments can help the bumps disappear. Some doctors may decide to freeze the lesions with liquid nitrogen or to inject steroids directly into the rings of bumps. Ultraviolet light therapy or oral drugs can be used in serious cases.

See a photo of what granuloma annulare looks like.

Lichen planus is a common skin disorder that produces shiny, flat-topped bumps. They often have an angular shape and a reddish-purplish color. Lichen planus can show up anywhere on the skin but often affects the insides of your wrists and ankles, your lower legs, your back, and your neck. Some people have lichen planus inside their mouth, genital region, scalp, and nails. Thick collections of bumps may occur, especially on the shins.

Lichen planus most often affects adults ages 30-70. It isn’t common in very young or elderly people.

Causes

Doctors think lichen planus is an autoimmune condition, meaning your body’s immune system attacks its own tissues. But they don’t know what causes it. Sometimes lichen planus results from a triggering agent such as hepatitis B or hepatitis C. Doctors call that a lichenoid reaction.

If you’re allergic to medications to treat high blood pressure, heart disease, and arthritis, you could get a lichen planus-type rash. Lichen planus isn’t contagious.

Symptoms

Signs and symptoms of the condition include shiny, flat-topped bumps that are purple or a reddish-purplish color. It’s often itchy. When it shows up on your scalp, lichen planus can lead to hair loss. Lichen planus of the nails can cause brittle or split nails.

Diagnosis

A doctor can diagnose lichen planus by the way it looks or with the use of a skin biopsy. For this procedure, they’ll take a small bit of skin from the affected area and send it to a lab for testing.

Treatment

Lichen planus can’t be cured, but you can treat the symptoms with anti-itch products like antihistamines (for example, Benadryl, or diphenhydramine). If lichen planus affects only a small part of the body, you can apply medicated cream to the affected area. In more severe cases, doctors might prescribe steroid shots, prednisone, or other drugs that suppress your immune system. They might also give you retinoids or try light therapy.

View a slideshow to see photos of lichen planus and other skin reactions.

Pityriasis rosea is a common skin rash that usually is mild. The condition often begins with a large, scaly, pink patch of skin on your chest or back. Next you’ll notice one patch of pink skin quickly followed by more. Your skin will be itchy and red or inflamed. The number and sizes of spots can vary.

Causes

We don’t know what causes pityriasis rosea. But there is evidence that suggests pityriasis rosea may be caused by a virus because the rash resembles certain viral illnesses. The rash doesn’t seem to spread from person to person.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of pityriasis rosea is that large, scaly, pink area of skin followed by more itchy, inflamed, or reddened patches. Pityriasis rosea affects the back, neck, chest, abdomen, upper arms, and legs. The rash can differ from person to person.

Diagnosis

A doctor can usually diagnose pityriasis rosea by looking at it. They may do blood tests, scrape your skin, or do a skin biopsy to rule out other skin conditions.

Treatment

If your case is mild, you may not need treatment. Even more serious cases sometimes go away on their own. Oral antihistamines (like diphenhydramine), over-the-counter medications you rub on your skin, and prescription steroids can help soothe the itch.

Sores may heal faster with some exposure to sunlight or ultraviolet light. Don’t get too much sun, though. In most cases, pityriasis rosea goes away within 6-12 weeks.

See a photo of what pityriasis rosea looks like.

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Types, Symptoms, Treatments, & More

Written by WebMD Editorial Contributors

• What Are Rashes?
• Eczema
• Granuloma Annulare
• Lichen Planus
• Pityriasis Rosea

Rashes are abnormal changes in skin color or texture. They usually result from skin inflammation, which can have many causes.

There are many types of rashes, including eczema, granuloma annulare, lichen planus, and pityriasis rosea.

Eczema is a general term that describes several different conditions in which skin is inflamed, red, scaly, and itchy. Eczema is a common skin condition, and atopic dermatitis (also called atopic eczema) is one of the most common forms of eczema.

Eczema can affect adults or children. The condition isn’t contagious. View a slideshow to get an overview on eczema.

Causes

We don’t know for sure what causes atopic eczema, but the condition often affects people with a family history of allergies. If you have eczema, you may also have hay fever and/or asthma, or have family members with those conditions.

Some things can trigger a flare-up of eczema or make eczema worse, but they don’t cause the condition. Eczema triggers include stress, skin irritants (including soaps, skin care products, or some fabrics), allergens, and climate/environment. Learn more about the link between allergies and eczema.

Symptoms

The way eczema looks can vary from person to person. In adults, eczema most often affects the hands, elbows, and “bending” areas like the inside of the elbows and back of your knees. In young children, eczema often shows up inside the elbows, behind the knees, and on the face, back of the neck, and scalp. Signs and symptoms of atopic eczema include:

• Itchiness
• Skin redness
• Dry, scaly, or crusted skin that might become thick and leathery from long-term scratching
• Formation of small, fluid-filled blisters that might ooze when scratched
• Infection of the areas of broken skin

Diagnosis

To diagnose atopic eczema, the doctor will check your skin and ask about your symptoms. They might test an area of scaly or crusty skin to rule out other skin diseases or infections. Find out more on the symptoms and diagnosis of eczema.

Treatment

You can treat eczema with moisturizers that are fragrance-free and contain ingredients such as ceramides, glycerin, and mineral oil. Medications include over-the-counter creams and ointments containing the steroid hydrocortisone (for example, Cortizone-10, Cort-Aid, Dermarest Eczema, Neosporin Eczema). These products may help control the itching, swelling, and redness linked to eczema. Prescription-strength cortisone creams, as well as cortisone pills and shots, are also used for more severe cases.

For people with mild to moderate eczema, topical immunomodulators (TIMs) can help. TIMS — including brand name products Elidel and Protopic — work by changing the body’s immune response to allergens, preventing flare-ups.

Crisaborole (Eucrisa) is an ointment for mild to moderate psoriasis in those 2 and older.

Dupilumab (Dupixent) is an injectable monoclonal antibody used in patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. It clears the itch quickly in most patients.

Other drugs that might be used for people with eczema include antibiotics (to treat infected skin) and antihistamines (to help control itching).

Phototherapy is another treatment that helps some people with eczema. The ultraviolet light waves found in sunlight have been shown to help treat certain skin disorders, including eczema. Phototherapy uses ultraviolet light — either ultraviolet A (UVA) or ultraviolet B (UVB) — from special lamps to treat people with severe eczema.

Risks linked to phototherapy include burning (usually resembling a mild sunburn), dry skin, itchy skin, freckling, and possible premature aging of the skin. Your health care professionals will work with you to lessen any risks. Get more details about treatments for eczema.

Prevention

There’s no way to prevent atopic eczema, but you can do things to improve your symptoms:

• Reduce stress
• Avoid scratchy materials (for example, wool) and chemicals such as harsh soaps, detergents, and solvents
• Moisturize often
• Avoid sudden changes in temperature or humidity
• Avoid situations that cause sweating and overheating

Read more on how to prevent eczema flare-ups.

Granuloma annulare is a chronic skin condition that consists of a circular-shaped rash with reddish bumps (papules). People who have granuloma annulare usually notice one or more rings of small, firm bumps over the backs of their forearms, hands, or feet. The rash may be mildly itchy. It’s not known what causes it and they usually go away on their own, although steroids may be prescribed. The condition most often affects children and young adults and is slightly more common in girls.

Granuloma annulare is a chronic skin condition that consists of a circular-shaped rash with reddish bumps (papules).

Most often, the condition affects children and young adults. Granuloma annulare is slightly more common in girls and usually is seen in people who are otherwise healthy.

Causes

We don’t know what causes granuloma annulare.

Symptoms

People who have granuloma annulare usually notice one or more rings of small, firm bumps over the backs of their forearms, hands, or feet. The rash may be mildly itchy.

Diagnosis

Your doctor can diagnose you. They might use a skin biopsy to confirm you have granuloma annulare.

Treatment

Treatment of granuloma annulare usually isn’t necessary, except for cosmetic reasons. In some cases, steroid creams or ointments can help the bumps disappear. Some doctors may decide to freeze the lesions with liquid nitrogen or to inject steroids directly into the rings of bumps. Ultraviolet light therapy or oral drugs can be used in serious cases.

See a photo of what granuloma annulare looks like.

Lichen planus is a common skin disorder that produces shiny, flat-topped bumps. They often have an angular shape and a reddish-purplish color. Lichen planus can show up anywhere on the skin but often affects the insides of your wrists and ankles, your lower legs, your back, and your neck. Some people have lichen planus inside their mouth, genital region, scalp, and nails. Thick collections of bumps may occur, especially on the shins.

Lichen planus most often affects adults ages 30-70. It isn’t common in very young or elderly people.

Causes

Doctors think lichen planus is an autoimmune condition, meaning your body’s immune system attacks its own tissues. But they don’t know what causes it. Sometimes lichen planus results from a triggering agent such as hepatitis B or hepatitis C. Doctors call that a lichenoid reaction.

If you’re allergic to medications to treat high blood pressure, heart disease, and arthritis, you could get a lichen planus-type rash. Lichen planus isn’t contagious.

Symptoms

Signs and symptoms of the condition include shiny, flat-topped bumps that are purple or a reddish-purplish color. It’s often itchy. When it shows up on your scalp, lichen planus can lead to hair loss. Lichen planus of the nails can cause brittle or split nails.

Diagnosis

A doctor can diagnose lichen planus by the way it looks or with the use of a skin biopsy. For this procedure, they’ll take a small bit of skin from the affected area and send it to a lab for testing.

Treatment

Lichen planus can’t be cured, but you can treat the symptoms with anti-itch products like antihistamines (for example, Benadryl, or diphenhydramine). If lichen planus affects only a small part of the body, you can apply medicated cream to the affected area. In more severe cases, doctors might prescribe steroid shots, prednisone, or other drugs that suppress your immune system. They might also give you retinoids or try light therapy.

View a slideshow to see photos of lichen planus and other skin reactions.

Pityriasis rosea is a common skin rash that usually is mild. The condition often begins with a large, scaly, pink patch of skin on your chest or back. Next you’ll notice one patch of pink skin quickly followed by more. Your skin will be itchy and red or inflamed. The number and sizes of spots can vary.

Causes

We don’t know what causes pityriasis rosea. But there is evidence that suggests pityriasis rosea may be caused by a virus because the rash resembles certain viral illnesses. The rash doesn’t seem to spread from person to person.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of pityriasis rosea is that large, scaly, pink area of skin followed by more itchy, inflamed, or reddened patches. Pityriasis rosea affects the back, neck, chest, abdomen, upper arms, and legs. The rash can differ from person to person.

Diagnosis

A doctor can usually diagnose pityriasis rosea by looking at it. They may do blood tests, scrape your skin, or do a skin biopsy to rule out other skin conditions.

Treatment

If your case is mild, you may not need treatment. Even more serious cases sometimes go away on their own. Oral antihistamines (like diphenhydramine), over-the-counter medications you rub on your skin, and prescription steroids can help soothe the itch.

Sores may heal faster with some exposure to sunlight or ultraviolet light. Don’t get too much sun, though. In most cases, pityriasis rosea goes away within 6-12 weeks.

See a photo of what pityriasis rosea looks like.

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Contact dermatitis – causes, symptoms, methods of diagnosis and treatment

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The Hadassah clinic uses comprehensive treatment regimens for contact dermatitis in adults, which are aimed at eliminating symptoms, finding and eliminating provoking factors of the disease. The combination of medical and physiotherapeutic effects allows you to quickly save the patient from the problem and prevent its recurrence.

Contact dermatitis (simple irritant, irritant, artificial dermatitis) is an inflammatory skin disease that occurs in response to contact with irritants. Its features: pathological manifestations directly at the site of exposure to the damaging agent and spontaneous improvement in the condition of the skin after the cessation of the influence of the irritant. Symptoms of contact dermatitis occur in at least 10% of patients who come with complaints to a dermatologist.

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Benefits of treatment at the Hadassah clinic

The latest treatment standards

When choosing therapy, doctors are guided by current international recommendations and protocols, actively apply the experience of colleagues from other countries.

Comprehensive diagnostics

Thanks to its own laboratory and premium equipment for instrumental diagnostics, Hadassah Clinic provides all types of examinations in the shortest possible time in one place.

Personal approach

Dermatologists select a treatment program individually, taking into account predisposing factors and the general health of a particular patient.

Multidisciplinarity

Doctors of all specialties work in the clinic, which allows timely diagnosis and detection of concomitant processes that can provoke or aggravate the course of dermatoses.

Patient care

We provide a friendly, attentive and comfortable atmosphere to relieve the individual of unnecessary stress when visiting the clinic and to maintain a positive attitude, which is essential for successful treatment.

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Symptoms of contact dermatitis

The disease is more often recorded in women. Statistics indicate single episodes in more than 20% of women during their lifetime. This is due to constant contact with cleaning products when cleaning the house and washing dishes, regular use of cosmetics.

It is worth seeking medical help if skin lesions on the hands do not resolve on their own within a few days after exposure to a damaging agent, or when there is prolonged occupational contact with a harmful substance.

What contact dermatitis looks like depends on its clinical course: the inflammatory process can occur in acute, subacute and chronic forms.

Acute dermatosis is characterized by:

• bright erythema in the form of distinct red spots located in the contact zones with the irritating agent;
• pruritus;
• various elements of the rash: nodules, vesicles, areas of weeping, less often scales, crusts;
• pain and burning sensation on affected skin.

Subacute and chronic forms of simple contact dermatitis are accompanied by proliferation of the stratum corneum of the epidermis (hyperkeratosis), areas of lichenification (pathological thickening of the skin), necrosis of certain areas of the dermis with the formation of difficult-to-heal ulcers and wounds.

The skin lesion develops gradually, at first not attracting the attention of the patient, and is characterized by episodes of improvement (at the time of cessation of contact with the damaging substance) and repeated deterioration of the condition. Sometimes, with subacute irritant dermatitis, an increase in local temperature is observed: the patient notes the sensation of “hot hands”.

Causes of development

The disease occurs when the skin interacts with irritants. The causes of contact dermatitis are chemical compounds (acids, alkalis), physical factors (high and low temperatures, pressure and friction), as well as ionizing radiation. The trigger is also mechanical damage from prolonged friction and tissue compression.

All of the above causes can act aggressively, causing an acute process, or gradually, in small doses, as a result of which a chronic disease develops.

Skin lesions are much more likely to occur in people with risk factors:

• prolonged contact with a pathological agent at home or at work;
• the presence of microtraumas and abrasions on the skin that is in contact with the irritant;
• chronic dermatological diseases.

Unlike allergic contact dermatitis, the irritant does not sensitize the body or activate immune mechanisms. The cause of the disease is those agents that cause skin reactions in all people, and not just in a small number of predisposed individuals.

Diagnostic methods

Despite the relatively favorable course and the absence of life-threatening consequences, contact dermatitis is a serious disease that requires a mandatory visit to a dermatologist. An important role in the diagnosis is played by a detailed history taking: a specialist needs to know about the working conditions and daily life of a person in order to suggest the etiological factors of dermatosis. To cure contact dermatitis, complete information about the state of health and differentiation of the disease with other dermatoses that have a similar clinical picture will be required. For this purpose appoint:

Dermoscopy

examination of the surface of skin elements under multiple magnification;

Examination of affected skin scrapings

for fungal, bacterial or viral infection;

Histological analysis of biopsy specimens

to assess the degree of morphological changes in the epidermis and dermis.

Since the treatment of allergic contact dermatitis differs from the treatment of the artificial form of the disease, the doctor necessarily conducts blood tests and allergy tests to exclude the immune nature of the symptoms. Determination of individual allergens is necessary to limit the patient’s contact with them and avoid systemic reactions in the future.

Artifical dermatitis treatment

Therapy is carried out under the guidance of a dermatologist. In uncomplicated forms of the disease, the doctor is limited to the use of topical agents that stop subjective sensations and contribute to the regression of skin manifestations. The standard treatment program includes the following drugs:

• ointments for contact dermatitis, which contain cooling and anti-inflammatory components, relieve itching and burning in the affected areas of the body;
• antiseptics for treating foci of weeping and preventing the addition of a secondary infection;
• drying pastes for the elimination of weeping formed after the opening of large blisters;
• emollients, softening and healing creams for daily skin care during the healing phase;
• agents with topical corticosteroids for chronic dermatosis, profuse desquamation and lichenification.

Solutions and ointments for the treatment of contact dermatitis must not be purchased and used independently. All appointments should be made by a doctor after an examination, a final diagnosis.

Complicated forms of the disease, accompanied by suppuration and tissue necrosis, are treated in a hospital with the addition of detoxification agents, systemic hormonal drugs. To prevent infectious complications, antibiotic therapy, antifungal therapy are carried out.

Treatment and prevention of contact dermatitis in the Hadassah clinic

The modern approach to treatment used by the specialists of the Hadassah clinic involves a comprehensive diagnosis and determination of the exact causes of dermatitis. Advanced allergological tests are carried out, which examine the reaction of the skin to a large number of agents that can potentially provoke the disease.

Doctors prefer to treat contact dermatitis in a complex way, using all available methods of therapy and recovery (including physiotherapy programs). This allows you to accelerate the result of treatment, significantly strengthen the protective barrier of the skin and prevent the recurrence of symptoms.

For disease prevention it is recommended:

• wear protective clothing and gloves when working in hazardous industries;
• strictly observe safety precautions when in contact with physical and chemical agents;
• for home use, choose gentle household chemicals and, if possible, use them with rubber gloves;
• purchase only certified skin care and decorative cosmetics, never use products that have expired.

If a potentially irritating substance comes into contact with the skin, immediately wash it off with plenty of water and observe the skin condition. If redness and itching are absent, there is no cause for concern. Otherwise, you should consult a dermatologist.

If contact dermatitis is suspected, immediately contact the Hadassah clinic doctors to undergo a full diagnosis and get the right treatment regimen that will quickly relieve unpleasant symptoms.

Text verified by an expert doctor

Gryazeva
Natalya Vladimirovna

Dermatovenereologist, cosmetologist, Ph.D.

Work experience: 11 years

Published: 07/14/2023

Updated: 05/12/2021

The information presented on the site is for reference only and cannot serve as a basis for making a diagnosis or prescribing treatment. Internal consultation of the expert is necessary.

SOURCES

• Dolnikova O. A., Letyaeva O. I., Prozorova Yu. P. Contact dermatitis in conditions of COVID-19 // South Ural medical journal. – 2021. – No. 1. – S. 42-52.
• Yablonsky K. E. Diagnosis and prevention of contact dermatitis //Science and education: problems and innovations. – 2021. – S. 135-137.
• Osmonaliev M. K. et al. Clinical indications for the management of patients with allergic contact dermatitis // Science, new technologies and innovations in Kyrgyzstan. – 2019. – No. 1. – S. 62-66.
• Patel K, Nixon R. Irritant Contact Dermatitis—a Review. Curr Dermatol Rep. 2022;11(2):41-51. doi: 10.1007/s13671-021-00351-4. Epub 2022 Apr 7. PMID: 35433115; PMCID: PMC8989112.
• Martin SF, Rustemeyer T, Thyssen JP. Recent advances in understanding and managing contact dermatitis. F1000Res. 2018 Jun 20;7:F1000 Faculty Rev-810. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.13499.1. PMID: 29983912; PMCID: PMC6013761.
• Murphy PB, Atwater AR, Mueller M. Allergic Contact Dermatitis. [Updated 2022 Sep 19]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-.
• Statescu L, Branisteanu D, Dobre C, Solovastru LG, Vasilca A, Petrescu Z, Azoicai D. Contact dermatitis – epidemiological study. Maedica (Bucur). 2011 Oct;6(4):277-81. PMID: 22879841; PMCID: PMC3391944.
• Novak-Bilić G, Vučić M, Japundžić I, Meštrović-Štefekov J, Stanić-Duktaj S, Lugović-Mihić L. Irritant and allergic contact dermatitis—skin lesion characteristics. Acta Clin Croat. 2018 Dec;57(4):713-720. doi: 10.20471/acc.2018.57.04.13. PMID: 31168208; PMCID: PMC6544100.

Prices for dermatology services

Dermatology

902 99

9 0002

90 300 51 000 ₽

9 0300 7 200 ₽

Taking a sample of biological material from lesions of the oral organs	1 400 ₽ 9030 1
Diathermocoagulation (electro-) of vascular neoplasms (telangiectasias, hemangiomas), 1-10 elements	7 300 ₽
Cryosurgery for molluscs, warts, etc. (1 degree of complexity)	2 900 ₽
Cryosurgery of mollusks, warts, etc. (2 degree of difficulty)	14 300 ₽
Cryosurgery for molluscs, warts, etc. (3rd degree of complexity)	28 600 ₽
Cryosurgery of mollusks, warts, etc. (4 degree of complexity)	51 000 ₽
Cryosurgery of molluscs, warts, etc. (5 degree of complexity)	72 000 ₽
Field photothermolysis of the upper and lower eyelids	21 500 ₽
Field photothermolysis of the face	51,000 RUB
Fractional photothermolysis of the neck area	51,000 RUB
Fractional photothermolysis of the decollete zone
Fractional photothermolysis of the face and neck area	72 000 ₽
Fractional photothermolysis of the face, neck and décolleté	RUB 86,000
Taking urethral, ​​vaginal or anal swabs	RUB 1,400
Taking urethral, ​​vaginal or anal scrapings	1 400 ₽
Taking the nail plate for analysis	1 400 ₽
Hair sampling for pathogenic flora analysis for analysis of pathogenic flora	1 400 ₽
Skin biopsy (punch biopsy)	11 500 ₽
Curettage of skin neoplasms on the face, neck and head	23 700 ₽
Curettage of tumors on the trunk	19 400 ₽
Curettage of neoplasms on the extremities	17 200 ₽
Biorevitalization of soft tissues of the face – bioreparant, 1 ml.	25 800 ₽
Introduction of biorevitalizant-bioreparant, 2 ml.	42 000 ₽
Lipolytic mesotherapy	7 200 ₽
Intralesional administration of a therapeutic agent	11 600 ₽
Administration of the drug into keloid and hypertrophic scars
Laser treatment of scars from 1 to 3 cm in size (linear)	10 100 ₽
Laser treatment of scars 5 x 5 cm	21 500 ₽
Laser treatment of scars 10 x 1 0 cm	36 000 ₽
Botulinum toxin injection (without drug cost), 30 minutes	0 52 000 ₽
Treatment of psoriasis with a genetically engineered drug Efleira (3 procedures)	148 000 ₽
Dermatological peeling (chemical peeling of the face)	11 000 ₽
Hardware processing of nail plates s	4 000 ₽
Hardware treatment of feet without cracks	4 000 ₽
Hardware treatment of feet with cracks	4 000
Removal of an ingrown nail using the podological method	4,000 ₽
Callus removal	40301
Installation of corrective systems (titanium thread) medicines	8 000 ₽

Radio wave removal of skin neoplasms, 1 element (1 degree of complexity)	3 700 ₽
Radio wave removal of skin neoplasms, 1 element (2nd degree of complexity)	7 300 ₽
Radio wave removal of skin neoplasms, 1 element (3rd degree of complexity)	8
Treatment with the drug Botox, 100 units.	21 500 ₽

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Treatment of skin rashes | Dobromed

Causes of a rash on the body: symptoms of infectious diseases

Very often, red rashes on the body are caused by a reaction to external stimuli. But along with a deterioration in well-being, a skin reaction becomes a sure sign of problems inside the body. So, before looking for a cure for a rash, it is necessary to determine the disease-cause. The disease is caused by the measles virus, which is transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person by airborne droplets. The disease usually affects children. The onset of measles is characterized by lethargy, headaches, cough, fever (up to 39degrees), runny nose, pain in the eyes and photophobia. On the 3-4th day, pinkish-white uneven spots on the palate and a red rash on the skin appear on the palate. The rashes are usually very small, red, forming large spots. Initially, they are localized on the patient’s face, his neck, in the area behind the ears, but later they move to the rest of the surface of the body. Measles treatment is based on taking antihistamines, drinking plenty of water, and bed rest.

Rubella

Rubella is a viral disease that mainly affects children, but it also occurs in adults. Rubella is especially dangerous for pregnant women: in this case, there is a high probability of infection of the fetus, which can lead to congenital malformations of the child.

Rubella appears as a small rash on the body and sometimes on the face. In addition, irritation can affect the mucous membranes. The rash usually does not itch, and after the rash disappears, there is usually no peeling, no scarring or other marks. A characteristic rise in temperature to 37-37. 5 degrees and an increase in lymph nodes only confirm the presence of rubella.

Chickenpox

Chickenpox or, as it is popularly called, chickenpox, belongs to the category of acute viral diseases. Infection occurs by airborne droplets when communicating with a sick person. With chickenpox, a pinkish spot first appears, which after a few hours turns into a small bubble. Then the bubble bursts, and the opened wound is covered with a crust. Among other things, such an itchy rash provokes the appearance of scratching and further irritation. Combing a rash on the skin with chickenpox is strictly prohibited. The fact is that rashes affect the upper layers of the skin, so after the papules dry, most often there are no traces left on their dream. If the papule is combed, damage to the germ layer of the epidermis will occur, which leads to scarring. The treatment of chickenpox consists in taking antiviral drugs (in moderate and severe forms), antihistamines, as well as local treatment of rashes with brilliant green or fucorcin. If the patient has a fever, he is given antipyretic drugs (if the patient is a child, aspirin is prohibited).

Herpes

A viral disease that manifests itself in the form of blistering rashes on the skin, mucous membranes and genitals. The herpes virus is dormant in almost all people: about 90% of the world’s population is infected with this virus. The impetus for its activation is usually hypothermia, stressful situations, lack of sleep, unbalanced nutrition, injuries, overwork, viral diseases and a general decrease in the level of the body’s defenses. In this case, the herpes virus “wakes up.” A rash on the skin with herpes is represented by one or more adjacent bubble chambers filled with a cloudy light liquid. Along the edges of the bubbles is a reddened area of ​​the skin with dried crusts. Places of rashes with herpes hurt and itch, body temperature may rise (especially with a large localization of the rash).

Rash on the face

Herpes skin rash is treated with antivirals, analgesics and topical ointments. However, to date, alas, there is no such method of therapy that completely removes the herpes virus from the human body. All currently available methods of treatment are aimed at reducing the frequency of exacerbations of the disease, their intensity and duration.

Shingles

This skin disease is characterized by the appearance of primary symptoms resembling the onset of a flu-like condition: body aches, headache, chills, slight fever. A few days later, a more serious increase in temperature occurs – usually up to 38-39degrees. Around the same time, characteristic rashes appear on the patient’s skin – reddish-pink spots, which then transform into small-diameter bubbles with a cavity filled with a clear liquid. Skin rashes are painful to the touch, the patient feels burning and itching. The location of the rash is usually limited to the face and chest area, however, in some cases, the disease also affects the arms or legs. The course of shingles resembles the course of chicken pox: the rash dries out over time, crusts appear on the skin in its place, which are very itchy and itchy. This similarity is due to the cause of both diseases: both chickenpox and shingles are caused by the same herpes zoster virus. Skin rashes with shingles are treated with antihistamines, analgesics and antivirals. Local therapy is also prescribed: skin rashes are recommended to be treated with an antiseptic (brilliant green, fukortsin) – this helps prevent the possibility of an infection bubble getting inside and further suppuration. Vaccination is currently used to prevent relapse.

Pyoderma

The disease is provoked by staphylococci and streptococci. These pyogenic bacteria penetrate deep into the skin due to a violation of its integrity, the action of temperature factors, as well as malfunctions in the circulatory system, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract and metabolic processes. Long-term therapy with the use of corticosteroid and cytostatic drugs can also provoke the onset of the disease. Usually, with pyoderma, hair follicles, sweat and sebaceous glands are affected, both at the surface and at the deep level. Initially, a bubble (conflict) is formed on the affected area of ​​the skin, filled with a cloudy liquid, which then dries up and forms a serous-purulent crust. After healing, the crust disappears, scars usually do not form. Treatment of pyoderma is based on the use of antibiotics inside, as well as local therapy – treatment of skin rashes with antiseptics, antimicrobial ointments. It will be useful to use physiotherapy – UHF therapy for deep forms of pyoderma, as well as the internal use of vitamin complexes.

Folliculitis

Inflammation of the hair follicle is caused by bacteria and fungi. Pathogens enter small wounds and microcracks on the skin that appear from friction with clothes, in cases of insufficient personal hygiene, with increased sweating, metabolic disorders. The onset of the disease is characterized by the appearance of a small red spot on the skin around the hair, which then turns into an abscess. After the abscess opens, a crust appears on the skin. If untreated, further development of the disease is possible with the formation of a boil, carbuncle. For the treatment of this disease, local procedures are usually performed – treatment of the inflamed element with antimicrobial ointment or antiseptics. In severe cases, systemic use of antibiotics and antifungal drugs.

Non-infectious rashes

Atopic dermatitis (allergy)

Allergy is often manifested by a red rash on the skin, including in unusual places – on the palms, scalp, toes. If you do not think about how to treat an allergic skin rash, atopic dermatitis can develop into other forms of allergic diseases (allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma). In this case, the first remedy for a rash is to identify and remove the source of the allergy. In addition, antihistamines, anti-inflammatory creams, ointments are prescribed.

Skin rash with contact dermatitis

It develops when the skin comes into direct contact with an irritant. KD manifests itself in the form of a rash and itching on the body at the points of contact with an aggressive substance. When treating such a rash on the body, special care is needed for the affected areas of the skin: elimination of the cause of contact dermatitis, protection against infections, hygiene, restoration of the skin.

Eczema

Eczema is a non-contagious skin disease that appears as a result of external stimuli (chemical, mechanical or thermal) or internal disorders (malfunctions of the endocrine, nervous system, gastrointestinal tract). With eczema, a small reddish-pink rash covers the skin. Rashes are represented by seropapules and microvesicles – small vesicles that quickly open and weeping erosions appear in their place. After some time, weeping begins to dry out, which is why crusts form on the skin. For the treatment of eczema, corticosteroid ointments, vitamin complexes, sedatives, and antipruritics are usually used.

Rosacea on the face

The scientific name for rosacea is rosacea. A distinctive feature of the disease is the appearance of a skin rash on the face, represented by reddened bumps. The skin under the rashes usually thickens, the vessels become more visible. Most often, the skin of the nose and cheeks is affected, and the rash can also spread to the forehead and chin. In addition to rashes with rosacea, eye damage often appears, expressed by redness of the proteins, lacrimation, dryness and pain. diseases, chronic stress, infection, malnutrition, alcohol abuse. You can treat a skin rash with rosacea with antibiotics, sedatives, vitamin complexes, as well as local remedies – creams and gels. If the skin rash is accompanied by inflammation, corticosteroid ointments may be prescribed.

Urticaria

The main distinguishing feature of urticaria is extensive swollen pink blisters on the skin, resembling traces of contact with nettle leaves. The rash is very itchy and itchy. The cause of the appearance of skin rashes is usually the reaction of the immune system to a particular allergen. For the treatment of urticaria, antihistamines, corticosteroids, and sedatives are usually prescribed.

Rash on the face

The most unpleasant in terms of aesthetics is the rash on the face: due to the fact that this part of the body is almost always in sight, it is very difficult to hide the rash – this causes the patient a lot of inconvenience. The cause of a rash on the skin of the face may be an incorrectly selected cosmetic product, therapy with the use of corticosteroid drugs, poor personal hygiene, prolonged exposure to direct sunlight, hormonal surges, uncontrolled intake of antibiotics, stress, an unbalanced diet, as well as some allergic reactions and infectious diseases. .

Rash on the hands

Rash on the skin of the hands can be caused by contact or atopic dermatitis, exudative erythema, fungal infection, lupus erythematosus, syphilis, poor personal hygiene, excessive sweating of the palms.

Rash on the legs

The appearance of a rash on the skin of the legs may be the first symptom of infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, allergic reactions to insect bites, the use of a new food or cosmetic product.

Rash on the neck

Rash on the skin of the neck (especially on the scalp at the back of the head or behind the ears) may be caused by poor hygiene, infection in the hair follicles, increased sweating, rubbing of the collar of the clothes against the skin, allergic reactions (in in particular – on wearing jewelry), hormonal changes in the body.

How to treat a rash with medication?

Of course, the first thing to do when such irritation appears on the skin is to determine its cause. Then – start treating the underlying disease, because a skin rash is just a symptom. Usually, the treatment of an allergic rash on the body, arms, legs, face and neck is based on the use of antihistamines, corticosteroid or non-hormonal ointments and creams, sedatives (if the rash itches and itchy), treatment of skin rashes with brilliant green or fukortsin, dieting. Dermovate, Lokoid and Advantan can be mentioned as effective corticosteroid drugs. From non-hormonal agents, Bepanten, Desitin, Gistan, Glutamol are usually prescribed.

How to treat a rash with traditional medicine?

There are many prescriptions available to help treat skin rashes. However, keep in mind that folk methods for treating rashes cannot be used as independent and basic ones: in any case, it is impossible to cure a skin rash with “grandmother’s” methods alone. In addition, before starting alternative therapy, you should definitely consult a doctor. For skin rashes, it is useful to make lotions from black tea. Compresses from sage, chamomile or string are also effective. To prepare each of these products, you need to pour one teaspoon of dry raw materials with a glass of boiling water and let it brew for two hours. After that, it is recommended to strain the infusion and make gauze compresses and lotions on the site of the rash. If the skin rash on the body is represented by a large area, it is much more convenient to do not compresses, but baths with the addition of chamomile and string. The infusion is prepared as follows: you need to take 5 tablespoons of dry plants, pour three liters of boiling water, leave for two hours and add the resulting remedy to a warm bath. pour 100 ml of purified or boiled water, stir to dissolve the mumiyo. Smear the rash with the resulting solution. Freshly squeezed carrot juice is very useful in the treatment of skin rashes. It is recommended to drink it twice a day before meals, one glass each.

Treatments to restore healthy looking skin

Rashes cannot be treated with skin care products alone. However, when the healing process begins, it is necessary to provide the skin with sufficient hydration and nutrition. You can do this with the help of La Cree. La Cree Revitalizing Cream is an effective cream for allergic rashes, which also helps in the treatment of other types of skin rashes. This tool has a regenerating, soothing and anti-inflammatory effect. The rash cream contains a number of natural additives – walnut extract, succession, violets and licorice, avocado oil, bisabolol, panthenol. These components soothe and soften the skin, promote the healing of scratches and cracks that occur during itching, and have an antimicrobial effect.