Home remedies for gastritis: 8 best natural treatments

Gastritis is a condition that affects a person’s stomach lining, causing it to become inflamed. Some cases of gastritis can be treated at home with simple remedies.

There are many factors that can cause a gastritis flare-up. These include:

• excessive alcohol consumption
• using pain medication for an extended period
• Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) bacteria
• infections
• stress

While there are instances where medical treatment is necessary to treat gastritis, many people find they can manage the symptoms at home.

Not all remedies will work for everyone, so a person may need to try several of these before finding what works best for their case.

1. Follow an anti-inflammatory diet

Gastritis refers to inflammation of the stomach lining, so consuming a diet that helps to minimize inflammation may provide relief over time. However, research has not conclusively shown that eating a certain diet causes or prevents gastritis.

By keeping a food diary, people can identify which foods trigger their symptoms. They can then begin to reduce their intake or avoid certain foods altogether.

Foods that commonly contribute to inflammation are:

• processed foods
• gluten
• acidic foods
• dairy products
• sugary foods
• spicy foods
• alcohol

2. Take a garlic extract supplement

Some research suggests that garlic extract can help reduce the symptoms of gastritis. Crushing raw garlic and eating it can also work well.

If a person does not like the taste of raw garlic, they can try chopping the garlic and eating it with a spoonful of peanut butter or wrapped in a dried date. The sweetness of the peanut butter or date will help mask the garlic flavor.

3. Try probiotics

Probiotics can help improve digestion and encourage regular bowel movements. Probiotic supplements introduce good bacteria into a person’s digestive tract, which may help stop the spread of H. pylori.

Eating foods that contain probiotics may also improve the symptoms of gastritis. These foods include:

• yogurt
• kimchi
• kombucha
• sauerkraut
• kefir

4. Drink green tea with manuka honey

One study showed that drinking green or black tea at least once a week could significantly reduce the prevalence of H. pylori in the digestive tract.

Manuka honey may also be beneficial, as it contains antibacterial properties that help fight infection.

Some people believe drinking warm water alone can soothe the stomach and aid digestion.

Manuka honey is available to buy in health stores and online.

5. Use essential oils

Essential oils, such as lemongrass and lemon verbena, were found to help increase resistance to H. pylori in laboratory tests.

Other oils that can have a positive effect on the digestive system include peppermint, ginger, and clove.

Essential oils should not be ingested and should always be diluted with a carrier oil if applied to the skin.

People may wish to use the oils in a diffuser or consult a doctor on how to use them safely to help relieve gastritis.

It is important to note that the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) do not regulate essential oils or alternative medicine.

6. Eat lighter meals

Eating large, carbohydrate-heavy meals can put a strain on a person’s digestive system and aggravate gastritis.

Eating small meals regularly over the course of the day can help ease the digestive process and reduce the symptoms of gastritis.

7. Avoid smoking and overuse of painkillers

Smoking can damage a person’s stomach lining and also increases a person’s risk of developing stomach cancer.

Taking too many over-the-counter pain medications, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, can also damage the stomach lining and make gastritis worse.

8. Reduce stress

Stress can cause gastritis flare-ups, so reducing stress levels is an important way to help manage the condition.

Stress management techniques include:

• massage
• meditation
• yoga
• breathing exercises

Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, and More

Gastritis is an inflammation, irritation, or erosion of the lining of the stomach. It can occur suddenly (acute) or gradually (chronic).

What Causes Gastritis?

Gastritis can be caused by irritation due to excessive alcohol use, chronic vomiting, stress, or the use of certain medications such as aspirin or other anti-inflammatory drugs. It may also be caused by any of the following:

• Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori): A bacteria that lives in the mucous lining of the stomach; without treatment, the infection can lead to ulcers, and in some people, stomach cancer.
• Bile reflux: A backflow of bile into the stomach from the bile tract (that connects to the liver and gallbladder)
• Infections caused by bacteria and viruses

If gastritis is left untreated, it can lead to a severe loss of blood and may increase the risk of developing stomach cancer.

What Are the Symptoms of Gastritis?

Symptoms of gastritis vary among individuals, and in many people there are no symptoms. However, the most common symptoms include:

How Is Gastritis Diagnosed?

To diagnose gastritis, your doctor will review your personal and family medical history, perform a thorough physical evaluation, and may recommend any of the following tests:

• Upper endoscopy. An endoscope, a thin tube containing a tiny camera, is inserted through your mouth and down into your stomach to look at the stomach lining. The doctor will check for inflammation and may perform a biopsy, a procedure in which a tiny sample of tissue is removed and then sent to a laboratory for analysis.
• Blood tests. The doctor may perform various blood tests, such as checking your red blood cell count to determine whether you have anemia, which means that you do not have enough red blood cells. They can also screen for H. pylori infection and pernicious anemia with blood tests.
• Fecal occult blood test (stool test). This test checks for the presence of blood in your stool, a possible sign of gastritis.

What Is the Treatment for Gastritis?

Treatment for gastritis usually involves:

• Taking antacids and other drugs (such as proton pump inhibitors or H-2 blockers) to reduce stomach acid
• Avoiding hot and spicy foods
• For gastritis caused by H. pylori infection, your doctor will prescribe a regimen of several antibiotics plus an acid blocking drug (used for heartburn)
• If the gastritis is caused by pernicious anemia, B12 vitamin shots will be given.
• Eliminating irritating foods from your diet such as lactose from dairy or gluten from wheat

Once the underlying problem disappears, the gastritis usually does, too.

You should talk to your doctor before stopping any medicine or starting any gastritis treatment on your own.

What Is the Prognosis for Gastritis?

Most people with gastritis improve quickly once treatment has begun.

Indigestion, Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, Diagnosis

Overview

What is gastritis?

Your stomach has a protective lining of mucus called the mucosa. This lining protects your stomach from the strong stomach acid that digests food. When something damages or weakens this protective lining, the mucosa becomes inflamed, causing gastritis. A type of bacteria called Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the most common bacterial cause of gastritis.

What’s the difference between gastritis and indigestion?

Gastritis symptoms can mimic indigestion symptoms. Indigestion is pain or discomfort in the stomach associated with difficulty in digesting food. It may be a feeling of burning between your lower ribs. You may hear indigestion referred to by its medical term, dyspepsia.

How common is gastritis?

Acute (sudden) gastritis affects about 8 out of every 1,000 people. Chronic, long-term gastritis is less common. It affects approximately 2 out of 10,000 people.

Who might get gastritis?

Your risk of developing gastritis goes up with age. Older adults have thinner stomach linings, decreased circulation and a slower metabolism of mucosal repair. Older adults are also more likely to be on medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that can cause gastritis. About two-thirds of the world’s population is infected with H. pylori. Fortunately, it is less common in the United States. In the United States, H. pylori is found more often in older adults and lower socioeconomic groups.

What are the types of gastritis?

There are two main types of gastritis:

• Erosive (reactive): Erosive gastritis causes both inflammation and erosion (wearing away) of the stomach lining. This condition is also known as reactive gastritis. Causes include alcohol, smoking, NSAIDs, corticosteroids, viral or bacterial infections and stress from illnesses or injuries.
• Non-erosive: Inflammation of the stomach lining without erosion or compromising the stomach lining.

Symptoms and Causes

What causes gastritis?

Gastritis occurs when something damages or weakens the stomach lining (mucosa). Different things can trigger the problem, including:

• Alcohol abuse: Chronic alcohol use can irritate and erode the stomach lining.
• Autoimmune disease: In some people, the body’s immune system attacks healthy cells in the stomach lining.
• Bacterial infection: H. pylori bacteria are the main cause of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease (stomach ulcers). The bacteria break down the stomach’s protective lining and cause inflammation.
• Bile reflux: The liver makes bile to help you digest fatty foods. “Reflux” means flowing back. Bile reflux occurs when bile flows back into the stomach instead of moving through the small intestine.
• Medications: Steady use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or corticosteroids to manage chronic pain can irritate the stomach lining.
• Physical stress: A sudden, severe illness or injury can bring on gastritis. Often, gastritis develops even after a trauma that doesn’t involve the stomach. Severe burns and brain injuries are two common causes.

What are the symptoms of gastritis?

Many people with gastritis don’t have symptoms. People who do have symptoms often mistake them for indigestion. Other signs of gastritis include:

Is gastritis contagious?

Gastritis isn’t contagious, but the bacteria, H. pylori, can be contagious via the fecal-to-oral route. Good hand washing before handling of foods and proper sanitation (sewer and water systems) are the first line of defense against spread. Many people can develop gastritis after being infected with H. pylori bacteria.

Diagnosis and Tests

How is gastritis diagnosed?

Your healthcare provider will ask about your symptoms and history and perform a physical exam. Your provider may also order one or more of these tests:

• Breath test: During an H. pylori breath test, you swallow a capsule or liquid containing urea, a harmless radioactive material. You then exhale into a balloon-like bag. H. pylori bacteria change urea into carbon dioxide. If you have the bacteria, the breath test will show an increase in carbon dioxide.
• Blood test: A blood test checks for antibodies titers that fight H. pylori bacteria.
• Stool test: This test checks for H. pylori bacteria in your stool (poop).
• Upper endoscopy: Your doctor uses an endoscope (a long thin tube with an attached camera) to see your stomach. The doctor inserts the scope through your esophagus, which connects your mouth to your stomach. An upper endoscopy procedure allows your provider to examine the stomach lining. You may also have a tissue sample (biopsy) taken from your stomach lining to test for infection.
• Upper gastrointestinal (GI) exam: During an upper GI exam, you swallow a chalky substance called barium. The liquid coats your stomach lining, providing more detailed X-ray images.

Management and Treatment

How is gastritis treated?

Treatment for gastritis varies depending on the cause. Certain medications kill bacteria, while others alleviate indigestion-type symptoms. Your healthcare provider might recommend:

• Antibiotics: Antibiotics can treat the bacterial infection. You may need to take more than one type of antibiotic for couple of weeks.
• Antacids: Calcium carbonate medications reduce stomach acid exposure. They can help relieve inflammation. Antacids, such as Tums® and Rolaids®, also treat heartburn.
• Histamine (h3) blockers: Cimetidine (Tagamet®), ranitidine (Zantac®) and similar medications decrease the production of stomach acid.
• Proton pump inhibitors: These medications, such as omeprazole (Prilosec®) and esomeprazole (Nexium®), reduce the amount of acid your stomach produces. Proton pump inhibitors also treat stomach ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

What are the complications of gastritis?

If left untreated, gastritis can lead to serious problems, such as:

• Anemia: H. pylori can cause gastritis or stomach ulcers (sores in your stomach).that bleed, thereby lowering your red blood counts (called anemia).
• Pernicious anemia: Autoimmune gastritis can affect how your body absorbs vitamin B12. You’re at risk of pernicious anemia when you don’t get enough B12 to make healthy red blood cells.
• Peritonitis: Gastritis can worsen stomach ulcers. Ulcers that break through the stomach wall can spill stomach contents into the abdomen. This rupture can spread bacteria, causing a dangerous infection called bacterial transloction or peritonitis. It also can lead to a widespread inflammation called sepsis. Sepsis can be fatal.
• Stomach cancer: Gastritis caused by H. pylori and autoimmune disease can cause growths in the stomach lining. These growths increase your risk of stomach cancer.

Prevention

How can I prevent gastritis?

H. pylori is one of the top causes of gastritis, but most people don’t know they’re infected. The bacteria are easily transmitted. You can lower your risk of infection by practicing good hygiene, including hand-washing.

You also can take steps to minimize indigestion and heartburn. These conditions are linked to gastritis. Preventive measures include:

• Avoiding fatty, fried, spicy or acidic foods.
• Cutting back on caffeine.
• Eating smaller meals throughout the day.
• Managing stress.
• Not taking NSAIDs.
• Reducing alcohol consumption.
• Not lying down for 2 to 3 hours after a meal.

Outlook / Prognosis

What is the prognosis (outlook) for people with gastritis?

Most cases of gastritis improve quickly with treatment. For most people, medications relieve gastritis. Your healthcare provider will recommend the most appropriate treatment based on what’s causing gastritis. Antacids reduce stomach acid, while antibiotics clear up bacterial infections. You can also make changes like reducing your alcohol consumption and managing pain without NSAIDs.

Living With

When should I call the doctor?

You should call your healthcare provider if you experience:

• Blood in your stool (poop).
• Bloody vomit.
• Extreme weakness or fatigue that may indicate anemia.
• Uncontrolled GERD.
• Unexplained weight loss.
• Signs of gastritis recurring (coming back).

What questions should I ask my doctor?

If you have gastritis, you may want to ask your healthcare provider:

• Why did I get gastritis?
• Should I get tested for H. pylori?
• Should I get tested for anemia?
• Can I get gastritis again?
• What steps can I take to avoid getting gastritis again?
• Should I make any dietary changes?
• What medications or supplements should I avoid?
• Do I need to cut out alcohol?
• Should I look out for signs of complications?

A note from Cleveland Clinic

Gastritis is a common but generally treatable condition. You may be surprised to learn that your indigestion is actually due to gastritis. Some people with gastritis don’t have any symptoms. Tests can help your healthcare provider determine the cause of gastritis. This allows you to receive the appropriate treatment.

Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Options

Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on April 7, 2020.

What is Gastritis?

Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining. The lining of the stomach often looks red, irritated and swollen, and it may have raw areas that can bleed.

Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacteria — In addition to causing gastritis, H. pylori infections have been linked to the development peptic ulcer disease, open sores inside the stomach or part of the small intestine. However, many people have H. pylori in their stomach and have no symptoms.Many different illnesses and irritants — acting either alone or in combination — can trigger the inflammation of gastritis. Some of the most common triggers include:

• Viral infections — Brief bouts of gastritis are common during short-term viral infections.
• Irritants — Chemical and environmental irritants can damage the stomach lining and cause gastritis. Common irritants include alcohol; cigarette smoke; aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin and others) and naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn and others).

Symptoms

Symptoms of gastritis can include:

• Abdominal discomfort
• Persistent pain between the navel and lower ribs
• Nausea, sometimes with vomiting
• Poor appetite
• Belching, bloating or a feeling of fullness in the abdomen
• With severe gastritis, sometimes bloody vomiting and black stools.

Although gastritis can occur in people of all ages and backgrounds, it is more common in:

• People over age 60
• People who drink too much alcohol
• Smokers
• People who routinely use aspirin or NSAIDs, especially at high doses

Diagnosis

After reviewing your symptoms, the doctor will ask you about your lifestyle. Specifically, the doctor will want to know:

• The amount of alcohol you drink
• Medications you are taking, in particular aspirin or NSAIDs
• Whether you have tried over-the-counter antacids or other medicines to treat your symptoms and whether these helped.

Your doctor will examine you, paying special attention to your abdomen. He or she may do a digital rectal examination to obtain a small smear of feces or rectal fluids to be checked for the presence of blood.

Based on your medical history, symptoms and physical examination, your doctor will decide if you should try medical treatment first to see if symptoms improve or if you need further testing. You may need a stool test or a breath test to determine whether you have an H. pylori infection.

In some cases, your doctor may want to inspect your stomach lining directly with a procedure called gastroscopy, in which a flexible, lighted instrument is passed into your stomach. During the procedure, your doctor can take a biopsy, a small tissue sample to be examined in the laboratory.

Gastroscopy also is done if:

• The results of your initial physical exam or rectal exam are not normal.
• You have seen blood in your vomit or stool.
• You have unusual symptoms, such as weight loss or extreme fatigue.

Expected Duration

If you have mild, uncomplicated gastritis, your symptoms probably will improve after only a few days of treatment.

Prevention

To help prevent gastritis:

• Don’t smoke.
• If you drink alcohol, do so in moderation. Most experts recommend that women limit alcohol use to no more than one drink a day and that men have no more than two drinks a day.
• If you take an NSAID to treat a medical problem, and the medicine upsets your stomach, stop taking the medicine and speak with your doctor.

Treatment

If you have mild, uncomplicated gastritis, you may need to:

• Stop smoking
• Stop drinking alcohol temporarily. After gastritis heals, your doctor will advise you to consume no more than one to two drinks a day, or none at all
• Avoid foods that you think may make your symptoms worse. Foods that cause problems most often include foods that are fatty, spicy or very acidic (coffee, orange juice, tomato juice).
• Use medications to decrease stomach acids. You may try over-the-counter antacids (such as Maalox, Mylanta, Tums or generic forms) or an h3 blocker, such as cimetidine, famotidine, or nizatidine. h3 blockers also are available in prescription strength. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are even stronger acid blockers. Some, such as omeprazole and lansoprazole, are available without a prescription. Stronger PPIs can be prescribed by your doctor.

This approach should help you begin to feel better within a few days, with maximum results after a week or two.

If you still have symptoms, and further testing confirms that you have an H. pylori infection, your doctor will treat you with medications to kill the bacteria. If symptoms still continue, the doctor will recommend further testing, such as esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), which is an examination of the lining of the esophagus, stomach, and upper intestine.

When To Call A Professional

Make an appointment to see your doctor if you have symptoms of gastritis that awaken you from sleep, prevent you from eating, or interfere with your work or school performance. Call your doctor if you use nonprescription antacids or h3 blockers more than twice each week to treat your symptoms.

Call your doctor immediately if you have severe abdominal pain, blood in your vomit, or stools that look black and tarry.

Prognosis

Once your doctor identifies the cause of your gastritis and begins treatment, the outlook for a full recovery is very good. However, if your gastritis is related to smoking or alcohol use, you must be willing to change your lifestyle to eliminate these irritants.

Learn more about Gastritis

Associated drugs

IBM Watson Micromedex

Mayo Clinic Reference

External resources

National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Disorders

https://www. niddk.nih.gov/

American College of Gastroenterology

https://www.gi.org/

Further information

Always consult your healthcare provider to ensure the information displayed on this page applies to your personal circumstances.

Medical Disclaimer

5 Effective Home Remedies for Gastritis: Ease that Burning Pain Naturally

Ever felt the burning sensation in your stomach that literally makes you crawl till the aching stops? If yes, it may be gastritis that is causing you discomfort. Personally, I have experienced severe cases of gastritis where I faced difficulties to even catch my breath because of the inflammation in my stomach. I later discovered that the reason for this agony was my high intake of spicy food. There are many diet and lifestyle habits that causes gastritis like drinking too much alcohol, smoking, extreme stress, long term use of aspirin and over-the-counter pain and fever medicines, and bacterial infection such as helicobacter pylori. Most of us have the habit of brushing off any illness that occurs, not thinking that it can perhaps get serious in the days to come. You should keep in mind how a mild occasional pain can turn to a full blown ulcer or even increase your risk of stomach cancer. So always remember to consult your doctor and get a quick check-up to avoid bigger health problems in the future.
 

_{Gastritis is the inflammation, irritation or erosion of the inner lining of the stomach.}

What is Gastritis?

Gastritis is the inflammation, irritation or erosion of the inner lining of the stomach, known as the gastric mucosa. It can occur suddenly (acute) and can last for one or three days, or it can be chronic, lasting for several days or weeks. Most often the term “gastritis” is misused to include many different upper abdominal problems, but true gastritis refers to the stomach lining (gastric mucosa) that is inflamed.According to a study published in the Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Studies, the  incidence  of  gastritis  in  India  is approximately 3 in 869,  that  is about 12,25,614  people  suffering  from  gastritis  out  of  the  total  1,06,50,70,607 population. The symptoms of gastritis can be loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, heartburn, uneasiness, bloated stomach, bad taste in mouth, foul breath etc. So, if you have any of these similar symptoms and popping a ‘pudina’ pill or antacid tablet is not doing you any help. 
 

Here Are Some Simple But Effective Home Remedies for Gastritis:

1. Freeze It OutTake a glass of ice cold water, put two tablespoons of sugar, stir it really well and gulp it down. Repeat the process if you have to. This remedy is a quick fix and my personal favourite. A glass ice cold water helps to stabilise the body fluids. It is believed that cold water calms down the throat and chest burning. Therefore, drink a full glass of cold water and take a small walk. The acid rushing up to your throat will subside slowly.(Also Read: 12 Amazing Home Remedies For Acidity​) 

_{A glass ice cold water helps to stabilise the body fluids}

2. Nothing Like CoconutGet tender green coconut water and keep sipping it till your pain subsides and you can make it a habit to drink it every day too. But be sure the coconut water is not tangy as that can cause acid reflux. Coconut water is rich in fibre, which is why it helps aid digestion and prevents the re-occurrence of acidity. Moreover, coconut water is known to cool the lining of the stomach, which further reduces the burning sensation.(Also Read: How To Treat Acid Reflux: Top 4 Easy Home Remedies For Heart Burn​)

_{Coconut water aids digestion.}

3. Ginger It UpGinger has anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties that help reduce irritation of the inner lining in the stomach. You can chew a thumb of ginger and wash it down with water or boil milk and water in 1:5 ratio with ginger and drink it. Another quick ginger fix is to take a pinch of ginger powder, rock salt and asafetida in a cup of warm water to bring an immediate relief. (Also Read: 7 Foods That May Cause Acidity: Drop The Culprits!)

_{Ginger has anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties.}

4. Sip ChamomileChamomile tea soothes the intestinal walls, providing relief from sudden pains and helps to eliminate gas. You can add one or two teaspoons of dried chamomile flowers to a cup of hot water, cover it and let it steep for five minutes or more. You can drink this tea several times a day as it helps improve gastritis in the long run.(Also Read: 7 Tips to Help You Fight Acidity This Summer)

_{Chamomile tea provides relief from sudden pains and helps to eliminate gas.}

5. Papaya All the WayDr. Rupali Dutta, the Chief Nutritionist at SmartCooky says “Shredded raw papaya is really good if you are suffering from inflammation of the stomach. You can add few drops of lemon juice to it as well. Don’t worry about lemon juice being a citric acid, few drops will not be detrimental to your health. ”(Also Read: 7 Amazing Home Remedies for Indigestion)

_{Raw papaya is good for inflammation of the stomach.}

6. Baking Soda And Water

Baking soda acts as an antacid and brings down the acid levels in the stomach. Take one teaspoon baking soda a glass of water. All you have to do is stir the baking soda in the water until the mixture is not cloudy anymore. Drink this. Drink it as and when required.

7. Cabbage Juice

Cabbage is rich in vitamin U, which is known to heal ulcer. Vitamin U can heal the stomach lining and get rid of gastritis within a few days.All you have to do is cut the cabbage in pieces and juice it with a help of your juicer. Extract a cup of fresh cabbage juice and drink it.
You may add a few carrots and celery to make it even healthier and tastier.

So, now you know what to do when Gastritis or related problems trouble you.

Gastritis Causes & Medication for Acute & Chronic Gastritis

Gastritis is inflammation and irritation of the stomach lining. Gastritis can cause nausea, indigestion, abdominal pain and even vomiting. However, you can also have gastritis without having any noticeable symptoms. Acute gastritis begins suddenly and usually resolves in less than a week. Chronic gastritis is persistent, it can last for months or years. Gastritis medication options depend on the cause of gastritis and possibly co-occurring conditions, such as acid reflux.

Many of the same things can cause both acute and chronic gastritis including:

• NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). Aspirin, ibuprofen and naproxen are all NSAIDs. These medications are generally safe but can cause stomach irritation, especially when used at high doses or over a long period of time.

• Alcohol. Alcoholic beverages, including wine, beer, mixed drinks and spirits, irritate the lining of the stomach. Heavy or long-term alcohol use can cause alcoholic gastritis, a chronic form of the disease.

• Cocaine use. This can damage the lining of the digestive system, including the inside of the stomach.

• Stress. Stressful experiences, including trauma and severe physical injury, can cause gastritis. If the stressful situation is short-lived, the gastritis symptoms may also resolve quickly. Long-term exposure to stress is more likely to cause chronic gastritis.

• H. pylori infection. Helicobacter pylori is a type of bacteria that causes gastritis and stomach ulcers. H. pylori infection is very common; according to the National Institutes of Health, approximately 20 to 50% of Americans are infected. Many don’t show any symptoms; however, they may develop gastritis later in life.

Other, less common causes of gastritis include autoimmune disorders (including pernicious anemia, type 1 diabetes and Hashimoto’s disease), bile reflux, viral infections (such as cytomegalovirus), food allergies, and Crohn’s disease.

Some cases of gastritis go away in a short period of time without medical intervention. Gastritis that lingers is usually treated with medication. Some of these medications are also prescribed for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Commonly used gastritis medications include:

• Antacids. Over-the-counter antacids, including Rolaids, Maalox, Mylanta and Tums, neutralize stomach acid and may provide relief from gastritis symptoms.

• h3 blockers. Cimetidine (Tagamet), famotidine (Pepcid) and ranitidine (Zantac) are all h3 blockers. These medications decrease the production of stomach acid. They are available over the counter, with stronger doses available by prescription.

• Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). Omeprazole (Prilosec), lansoprazole (Prevacid) and esomeprazole (Nexium) also decrease stomach acid. Generally, PPIs are more effective than h3 blockers. Some PPIs (including omeprazole and lansoprazole) are available over the counter; others are by prescription only.

• Antibiotics. Antibiotics can kill H. pylori bacteria. So, if your gastritis is caused by H. pylori, treatment with antibiotics may result in a gastritis cure. Often, physicians will use a combination of antibiotics plus an acid blocker to effectively manage and treat gastritis.

Without treatment, some types of gastritis can cause ulcers; gastritis can also lead to stomach cancer. If you or a loved one has symptoms of gastritis lasting longer than a week, consult a healthcare provider. Getting a diagnosis helps target the primary problem with the right medication.

Gastritis or Ulcer (No Antibiotic Treatment)

Gastritis is irritation and inflammation of the stomach lining. This means the lining is red and swollen. It can cause shallow sores in the stomach lining called erosions. An ulcer is a deeper open sore in the lining of the stomach. It may also occur in the first part of the small intestine (duodenum).  The causes and symptoms of gastritis and ulcers are very similar.

Causes and risk factors for both problems can include:

• Long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin and ibuprofen

• H. pylori bacteria infection

• Tobacco use

• Alcohol use

• Certain other conditions such as immune disorders, certain medicines (high-dose iron supplements) and street drugs (such as cocaine)

Symptoms for both problems can include:

• Dull or burning pain in the upper part of the belly

• Loss of appetite

• Heartburn or upset stomach

• Frequent burping

• Bloated feeling

• Nausea with or without vomiting

You likely had an evaluation to help find the exact cause and extent of your problem. This may have included a health history, exam, and certain tests.

Results showed that your problem is not due to H. pylori infection. For this reason, you don’t need antibiotics as part of your treatment.

Whether your problem is gastritis or an ulcer, you will still need to take other medicines, however. You will also need to follow instructions to help reduce stomach irritation so your stomach can heal. 

Home care

• Take any medicines you’re prescribed exactly as directed. Common medicines used to treat gastritis include:

  • Antacids. These help neutralize the normal acids in your stomach.

  • Proton pump inhibitors. These block your stomach from making any acid.

  • h3 blockers. These reduce the amount of acid your stomach makes.

  • Bismuth subsalicylate. This helps protect the lining of your stomach from acid.

• Don’t take any NSAIDs during your treatment. If you take NSAID to help treat other health problems, tell your healthcare provider. He or she may need to adjust your medicine plan or change the dosage.

• Don’t use tobacco. Also don’t drink alcohol. These products can increase the amount of acid your stomach makes. This can delay healing. It can also worsen symptoms.

Follow-up care

Follow up with your healthcare provider, or as advised. In some cases, more testing may be needed.

When to seek medical advice

Call your healthcare provider right away if any of these occur:

• Fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher, or as directed by your healthcare provider

• Stomach pain that worsens or moves to the lower right part of belly

• Extreme fatigue

• Weakness or dizziness

• Continued weight loss

• Frequent vomiting, blood in your vomit, or coffee ground-like substance in your vomit

• Black, tarry, or bloody stools

Call 911

Call 911 if any of these occur:

• Chest pain appears or worsens, or spreads to the back, neck, shoulder, or arm

• Unusually fast heart rate

• Trouble breathing or swallowing

• Confusion

• Extreme drowsiness or trouble waking up

• Fainting

• Large amounts of blood present in vomit or stool

90,000 Gastritis – Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

Gastritis is an inflammatory disease of the stomach, during the course of which, due to the influence of various factors, the mucous membrane is affected. Gastritis of the stomach belongs to the category of common diseases that are currently found not only in adults, but also in children (superficial gastritis). Adult gastritis of the stomach is more common in middle-aged and elderly people.

Specialists identify the following forms of the disease:

• an acute form that occurs suddenly against the background of stimuli;
• a chronic form that occurs over time with an improper lifestyle and diet.

Depending on many factors, erosive gastritis, biliary, hypertrophic or atatraphic gastritis can be diagnosed. Acute forms of the disease are divided into purulent, necrotic, diphtheria, simple. Depending on what acidity of the stomach during gastritis is emitted:

• gastritis with high acidity;
• gastritis with low acidity.

Symptoms and signs of gastritis

Help to identify gastritis symptoms depending on the type of disease:

• Acute gastritis begins suddenly, often after food poisoning, sharp pains with gastritis are felt in the solar plexus area. Pain may increase when taking products that irritate the gastric mucosa. The main symptoms of gastritis of the stomach: heartburn, vomiting, belching, frequent gas, bloating, headache, palpitations, dizziness, increased salivation, or intense thirst;
• chronic gastritis is sluggish. If chronic gastritis is diagnosed, symptoms in adults may vary, but basically this pathology is characterized by belching with a characteristic odor, constant heartburn, a feeling of pain and heaviness, loss of appetite, diarrhea or constipation, plaque on the tongue, weight loss.Due to the fact that the signs of gastritis of the stomach depend on the type of pathology, only a doctor can make an accurate diagnosis. In the chronic form, nutrition plays an important role in gastritis.

Depending on the form and type of gastritis, the symptoms and treatment vary significantly, so the best solution for the patient is an urgent visit to the doctor.

Do you have symptoms of gastritis?

Only a doctor can accurately diagnose the disease.
Do not delay the consultation – call

+7 (495) 775-73-60

Causes of occurrence

Gastritis of the stomach arises and develops for a variety of reasons, the main among which are non-microbial and bacterial factors.Experts call the main cause of the disease the Helicobacter pylori bacterium, which is detected in 80% of cases, fungi and other bacteria. When bacteria enter the mucous membrane, they release substances that lead to the onset of the inflammatory process.

Among other causes of pathology, it should be noted:

• unhealthy diet: improper food intake, improperly selected diet, frequent consumption of spicy, fatty, refined foods, lack of vegetable fiber;
• excessive alcohol consumption;
• uncontrolled intake of medicines, including non-hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs;
• infection of the body with worms;
• frequent stressful situations;
• allergic reactions to foods and substances;
• metabolic disorders.

Gastritis in adults can also appear due to excessive physical and emotional stress. One of the conditions for recovery is adherence to the menu prescribed by the doctor for gastritis.

Ways of infection

Helicobacter pylori bacteria can enter the stomach with unwashed vegetables and fruits. Infection can occur due to lack of hygiene or food poisoning with low-quality products. Poor quality or poorly processed meat and dairy products are often the cause of infection.

Risk factors

The main risk factors for the onset, development and exacerbation of gastritis are:

• inappropriate nutrition;
• food or drug poisoning;
• stress and bad habits;
• failures in the immune system;
• injuries and illnesses;
• allergic diseases;
• increased radiation level.

Complications

The main cause of complications is the chronic form of the disease. If signs of chronic gastritis appear, but the patient has not consulted a doctor, the following complications may occur:

• anemia;
• atrophic gastritis;
• leptic ulcers;
• benign or malignant tumors on the mucous membrane.

The only way to restore health is to consult a qualified doctor in a timely manner, who will give recommendations on how to treat gastritis. It is not recommended to take gastritis tablets on your own so as not to provoke an exacerbation of the disease and its transition to a severe form.The likelihood of complications depends on what chronic patients eat with gastritis.

When to see a doctor

A doctor should be consulted if severe pain is felt with gastritis of the stomach, since an exacerbation of gastritis can cause a serious deterioration in health with an increase in the area of ​​mucosal lesions and a transition to an ulcerative state. Gastritis is especially dangerous if acidity is increased, since the juice tends to corrode the mucous membrane of the organ, resulting in the formation of an ulcer. If, according to a number of signs, the patient has identified an exacerbation of gastritis, the symptoms of which are nausea before vomiting, complete loss of appetite, fever up to 39 degrees Celsius and severe pain, make an appointment with a specialist as soon as possible.

Diagnoses gastritis, the symptoms and treatment of which may vary in adults, the doctor is a gastroenterologist. The Center for Modern Medicine of JSC “Medicine” (the clinic of Academician Roitberg) in Moscow offers services for the diagnosis and treatment of all types of gastritis using modern medicines and drugs.More complete information on the topic “gastritis and its treatment in adults” can be obtained by clicking on the link. Our clinic is located at the 2nd Tverskoy-Yamskaya lane, 10, a 5-minute walk from the Mayakovskaya metro station.

Diagnosis of gastritis

Diagnostics of gastritis in JSC “Medicine” (Clinic of Academician Roitberg) in Moscow is carried out using modern diagnostic equipment. The accuracy of the diagnosis is guaranteed thanks to the use of:

• gastroscopy;
• colonoscopy;
• radiation diagnostics;
• laparoscopy;
• ultrasound and other methods.

Examination and delivery of various analyzes are carried out with maximum comfort for patients.

Treatment

When gastritis is diagnosed, treatment and drugs are prescribed by a specialist, taking into account the form of the disease and the patient’s condition. The gastroenterologist selects a medicine for gastritis based on the results of the examination, strictly individually. A prerequisite for recovery is a properly selected diet for gastritis, the doctor develops a menu for patients, taking into account the age and condition of the patient, lifestyle.During the consultation, the doctor will tell you in detail about what you can eat with gastritis and what you can not eat with gastritis.

How to make an appointment with a gastroenterologist

You can make an appointment with a gastroenterologist at our multidisciplinary medical center at 10 2nd Tverskoy-Yamskaya lane in the following ways:

• use the form on the website;
• use the phone & nbsp + 7 (495) 775-73-60 & nbsp around the clock.

JSC “Medicine” (Clinic of Academician Roitberg) also offers services of calling a gastroenterologist at home and calling an ambulance by phone +7 (495) 775-73-60 around the clock.

JSC “Medicine” (the clinic of Academician Roitberg) is located within a 5-minute walk from the Mayakovskaya metro station.

90,000 symptoms, causes, how to treat gastritis and how much does it cost

I often hear that it is impossible to completely cure gastritis. Like, if you are already ill, then bear it – now it is with you forever.

Artem Chekhovskoy

doctor

But that’s not the case. Gastritis – acute and chronic – in most cases can be completely cured if the cause is correctly identified.

See your doctor

Our articles are written with a passion for evidence-based medicine. We refer to reputable sources and go for comments from reputable doctors. But remember: the responsibility for your health lies with you and your doctor. We do not write prescriptions, we make recommendations. It is up to you to rely on our point of view or not.

What is gastritis

Gastritis is a disease that occurs due to inflammation of the stomach lining.

The cells of the stomach lining produce acid, which helps to digest food. Normally, there is a protective gel on the surface of the stomach, which neutralizes this acid and prevents it from destroying the walls of the stomach. Under the influence of various reasons, the protective gel may disappear or it becomes insufficient to resist the gastric juice. Then the acid contacts the gastric mucosa and inflammation develops – gastritis.

Physiology of hydrochloric acid secretion – article on UpToDate

Gastroduodenal muco-bicarbonate barrier: protection against acid and pepsin – article in American Journal of Cell Physiology

Gastritis is often confused with functional dyspepsia.This is a condition where stomach discomfort, nausea, and a feeling of rapid satiety occur for no apparent reason. With functional dyspepsia, the stomach does not become inflamed, as is the case with gastritis.

Causes of gastritis

Various factors can increase the risk of gastritis.

Infection. In 90% of cases, gastritis is caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. 44% of people in the world are infected with this bacterium, but in most cases, their infection is asymptomatic – gastritis does not occur.Most often, Helicobacter pylori is spread from person to person through saliva through kissing or sharing cutlery.

Causes, diagnosis and treatment of gastritis – article on the Mayo Clinic website

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in the world – meta-analysis

Frequent use of painkillers. Aspirin, ibuprofen, diclofenac and other pain relievers destroy the protective lining of the stomach, which can cause gastritis.

Helicobacter-associated gastritis – article on “Pabmed”

Old age. People over fifty are more likely to get gastritis, because with age, the stomach lining becomes thinner, and the risk of contracting Helicobacter pylori increases.

Ways of transmission of Helicobacter pylori – article on the website of the University of Arizona

Frequent drinking. Alcohol irritates the stomach lining, making it more vulnerable to stomach acid.

Stress. Surgery, injury, burns and severe infections can also damage the protective layer of the stomach and cause gastritis.Sometimes gastritis is caused by severe psychological stress, such as untreated depression.

Types and forms of gastritis

With the flow of gastritis happens:

1. acute – develops rapidly and disappears in a few days with treatment;
2. chronic – this type of gastritis usually appears in childhood and may not bother for several years or even decades. Sometimes acute gastritis can flow into chronic.

For reasons gastritis is divided:

1. for infectious gastritis, which causes Helicobacter pylori;
2. reactive – develops due to substances that irritate the gastric mucosa and damage its protective layer: painkillers, some antibiotics, alcohol;
3. autoimmune – with this type of gastritis, the body begins to attack the cells of the gastric mucosa.The reason why autoimmune gastritis develops is still unknown;
4. other forms of gastritis – radiation, stress, eosinophilic. These species are extremely rare, so I will not mention them further in this article.

Infectious gastritis occurs most often – it accounts for 90% of all cases.

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Symptoms of gastritis

With uncomplicated gastritis, patients usually note the following symptoms:

1. Aching pain and discomfort in the upper abdomen in the middle.
2. Nausea and vomiting.
3. Feeling of fullness in the stomach, even after eating a little food. Let’s say you ate a small sandwich and it feels like there were ten.
4. Loss of appetite.
5. Weight loss.

With gastritis, the stomach hurts in the middle, just below the ribs

With gastritis, the stomach hurts in the middle, just below the ribs

Possible complications

If gastritis is not treated, it can progress – over time, the mucous membrane is damaged more and more.This becomes the cause of complications of the disease. Here are the main ones.

Stomach ulcer. When an ulcer appears, a dull or burning pain on an empty stomach is added to the usual symptoms of gastritis, for example at night. The pain goes away if you eat or take drugs that reduce the acidity of gastric juice. Food binds acid, thereby reducing the acidity of gastric juice and its irritating effect on the mucous membrane.

Peptic Ulcer – Article on the Mayo Clinic website

Rupture of the stomach wall (perforation). The bottom of the ulcer can be located not only in the mucous layer, but also deeper: in the submucosa, muscular and external, beyond which is only the abdominal cavity. If the ulcer damages all layers, then a through hole appears through which the contents of the stomach enter the abdominal cavity. Food is full of bacteria that can cause massive inflammation in the abdominal cavity – peritonitis. This is a critical condition that is life threatening. If you do not seek medical attention, a person with peritonitis can die within a few hours.

Peritonitis – article on WebMD

Rupture of the stomach wall and bleeding are the most common causes of death in surgical hospitals. Thus, 8.4% of patients die from rupture of the stomach wall, and 5.2% die from bleeding.

Pathological narrowing of the stomach (pyloric stenosis). Sometimes a scar appears at the site of a healed ulcer, which prevents food from entering the intestines from the stomach. In severe cases, this leads to exhaustion – the body receives little nutrients.Due to the overflow of the stomach, vomiting often occurs in patients.

Pylorus stenosis – article on the Mayo Clinic website

Prolonged mucosal inflammation and Helicobacter pylori infection can also contribute to the development of stomach cancer.

When to call an ambulance

Rupture of the stomach wall and bleeding are life-threatening conditions in which you need to call an ambulance. Here’s how to understand that a person’s life is in danger:

1. Stool with a tarry consistency and color, offensive.
2. The patient is vomiting with something black or streaks of blood are visible in the vomit.
3. The patient feels a sharp pain above the navel, as if someone had thrust a knife into it.

Diagnosis of gastritis

At the reception, the doctor interviews the patient and learns about his complaints. Usually, already at this stage, a specialist can establish a preliminary diagnosis. But in order to find out the exact cause and identify the presence of complications, the doctor may prescribe additional tests.

Helicobacter pylori test. To detect this bacterium, your doctor may order a breath test, a blood test for Helicobacter pylori antibodies, or a stool test for Helicobacter pylori antigen. A positive result determines further treatment tactics – the doctor will prescribe antibiotics to eliminate the infection.

Gastroscopy with biopsy (FGDS). During this procedure, the doctor examines the stomach wall using an endoscope, a movable tube with a camera attached to the end. With its help, you can find a suspicious area of ​​the gastric mucosa, for example, with an ulcer.From such an area, the doctor takes a tissue sample and examines it in the laboratory. This can detect inflammation, cancer, or the presence of Helicobacter pylori.

Helicobacter pylori diagnostic methods PDF, 1.5 MB

Is gastroscopy always necessary

Alexey Golovenko

gastroenterologist

Gastritis – a histological diagnosis. Erosions and changes in the mucous membrane, determined by eye, do not always mean that the stomach is inflamed. You need to take a tissue sample and check it.

Usually gastroscopy is done to detect complications of gastritis – ulcers, bleeding, stomach cancer or its initial forms. Also, gastroscopy is prescribed if a person is at risk for stomach cancer: he is over 50 years old or someone in the family has already had this type of cancer. They can also be sent for examination for some complaints – these are night pains, round-the-clock pain, a rise in temperature at the same time as pain, as well as obvious signs of bleeding, for example, vomiting of clotted blood.

Sometimes gastroscopy is suggested to be done in case of food poisoning.This approach, of course, is incorrect – for such a diagnosis, gastroscopy is not needed.

In most cases, the gastroenterologist does not care what the patient is sick with – uncomplicated gastritis or functional dyspepsia. Their treatment is similar. These diagnoses can also be made according to the patient’s complaints.

X-ray with contrast. Normally, the organs of the gastrointestinal tract are not visible on x-rays – they are not dense and therefore do not trap x-rays. In order for the doctor to analyze their condition, the patient needs to drink a liquid containing barium.When this fluid descends down the esophagus and into the stomach, a series of pictures is taken. Barium traps X-rays so that the doctor can assess the condition of the esophagus and stomach lining.

During X-rays with contrast, an ulcer or pathological narrowing of the esophagus and stomach can be detected.

Depending on the presumptive diagnosis, additional tests may be required, such as a parietal cell antibody test or gastric acidity measurement.

Drug therapy

The doctor prescribes drugs for gastritis when he knows for sure its cause and checks for complications. Therapy will depend on the cause of the disease, therefore, it will not be possible to cure gastritis without the help of a doctor.

How gastritis is treated depends on its cause

If the cause of gastritis is Helicobacter pylori infection, your doctor will prescribe antibiotics to kill the bacteria. Also, this treatment regimen includes drugs that reduce the acidity of gastric juice, such as omeprazole.They make Helicobacter pylori actively divide, at which time it becomes susceptible to antibiotics.

Clinical guidelines of the Russian Gastroenterological Association for the diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in adults PDF, 285 KB

In autoimmune gastritis, cells are damaged due to excessive activity of the immune system. The death of stomach cells over time and a natural decrease in the acidity of gastric juice can lead to impaired absorption of vitamin B12.This vitamin is necessary for the absorption of iron, and that, in turn, for the creation of red blood cells that carry oxygen. Therefore, in chronic gastritis, the rest of the body’s cells may suffer from a lack of oxygen. To compensate for these changes, doctors prescribe iron supplements and vitamin B12.

If the diagnosis is made accurately, then gastritis, even chronic, can be cured. Alas, without going to the doctor, it will not work to find out if it is gastritis and what is the reason for it. You can drink soda or aluminum-based antacids for years, but this will not affect the cause of the disease.Over time, symptoms will progress, which can ultimately lead to complications.

Below I will tell you about the main groups of drugs that treat various forms of gastritis.

Antibacterial agents. These are amoxicillin, metronidazole, clarithromycin and other drugs. They are prescribed for infectious gastritis to kill the Helicobacter pylori bacterium that lives in the stomach.

Gastroprotectors. The most popular drug in this group is bismuth salts.They are also prescribed in some regimens for the treatment of infectious gastritis. For example, bismuth dicitrate kills Helicobacter pylori and prevents bacteria from attaching to the stomach lining.

Proton pump inhibitors. These include omeprazole, lansoprazole, esomeprazole and others. These drugs reduce the blockage of the pump molecule that pumps acid out of the stomach cells. They also help to make Helicobacter pylori more susceptible to antibiotic action and promote the early healing of gastric or duodenal ulcers.

Antacids. Neutralizes acid for a few minutes, therefore protects the stomach lining for a short time. Most often these are metal salts, such as aluminum or magnesium hydroxide. Usually, these drugs are used symptomatically, and mainly not for gastritis, but when acid enters the esophagus – heartburn.

Prokinetics. Stimulates the peristalsis of the stomach and duodenum, so that food moves faster through the gastrointestinal tract.Prokinetics are prescribed for gastritis and dyspepsia, which are accompanied by a feeling of rapid satiety, bloating, nausea and vomiting.

H2-antihistamines. Decrease the sensitivity of stomach cells to stimulation by nerves, reduce the production of gastric juice, which reduces acidity inside the stomach. However, in real practice they are rarely used – they are noticeably weaker than proton pump inhibitors.

B12 and iron preparations. Sometimes used for chronic gastritis, due to which the absorption of vitamin B12 and iron may be impaired.

Proper nutrition

The Mayo Clinic recommends three rules to reduce gastritis symptoms:

1. There are less, but more often. For example, eating a small meal or having a snack every three hours.
2. Avoid foods that irritate the stomach lining. This includes everything fried, spicy, fatty and sour – apples, citrus fruits, juices.
3. Do not drink alcohol. It also irritates the stomach lining.

For all forms of gastritis, doctors recommend not drinking pain relievers like aspirin, ibuprofen, or acetylsalicylic acid.If you are taking them, check with your doctor – he will select those drugs that will not irritate the stomach lining so much.

How important is diet for gastritis

Alexey Golovenko

gastroenterologist

There are no qualitative studies on diet for gastritis and dyspepsia.

Usually, the doctor interviews the patient and finds out which foods are causing pain and discomfort in the abdomen. These foods are removed from the diet.

Also, the doctor usually advises to establish a systemic meal, and not as it usually happens – ate once a day and went to bed.You need to eat at least three times a day. This helps the stomach’s nervous system to adapt and produce acid regularly. Naturally, you need to exclude foods and drugs that provoke the development of gastritis – alcohol, tobacco, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

And dietary tables according to Pevzner, which they like to appoint with us, do not have an evidence base.

Operation

In case of gastritis without complications, the operation is not indicated. Even if an ulcer appears in the mucosa, in most cases, only drug therapy and diet can be dispensed with.

As a rule, they go for surgery in extreme cases: for example, when an ulcer has damaged a blood vessel and bleeding has begun, if a through hole has formed in the stomach wall due to an ulcer, or stenosis has developed.

Cost of treatment

Gastritis can be cured under the compulsory medical insurance policy. In this case, all diagnostics and consultation will be free.

To calculate the approximate cost of therapy, I looked at the average price for procedures and gastritis treatment in Moscow.He took Russian protocols for the treatment of infectious gastritis without complications as a basis, because it occurs more often than others.

The cost of treating gastritis – 9360 R

Gastroscopy (optional)

Consultation of a gastroenterologist

Urease breath test for Helicobacter pylori

Clarithromycin

Antibioticogram

Clinical blood test

This is an indicative price that can be influenced by many factors:

1. The reason that caused gastritis in your case.
2. City where you live.
3. Which clinic do you go to.
4. Which drugs will you buy – the cheapest or the most expensive.
5. Which therapy the doctor chooses – it can vary even within the same cause of gastritis.
6. Do you have any complications of the disease.

Prevention

There are no specific ways to prevent gastritis. The Mayo Clinic advises washing your hands more often with soap and preparing food well so that it is not soggy.These recommendations reduce the risk of contracting Helicobacter pylori and gastritis.

Remember

1. Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining. In 90% of cases, it is caused by an infection – Helicobacter pylori.
2. If gastritis is not treated, complications may appear, which are often life-threatening.
3. It is possible to select a treatment only if the cause of gastritis is correctly established.
4. Gastritis can be completely cured.

Gastritis in cats: description, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Gastritis is a process of inflammation of the stomach lining.With this inflammation, functions are impaired: secretory, motor and excretory. It is of two types: acute and chronic. It is of primary and secondary origin. The nature of the inflammation: alimentary, erosive and with the accumulation of purulent masses.

Causes of this disease in cats

The main cause of gastritis in cats is unhealthy nutrition: eating low-quality feed, eating disorders, long-term intake of feed that can irritate the gastric mucosa, improper feeding with liver.

Also, an important factor in the development of gastritis is stress for the animal, or allergic manifestations of the body to irritants. Gastritis, which have a secondary origin, can develop due to diseases of the oral cavity, stomatitis, infectious diseases, fungi and viruses.

What are the manifestations of gastritis?

The degree of manifestation of this disease in a pet will depend on the severity of the inflammation process. You can notice the following deviations in the state of the cat:
– The animal is in a depressed state.
– Severe fatigue.
– Concern.
– Painful sensations when pressing on the abdomen.
– Increased saliva production.
– Bowel disorder, constipation.
– Feces with constipation will be dark in color, streaked with mucus. After a meal, the emetic process may immediately open, the vomit will have lumps of mucus.

When an exacerbation of the disease is observed, the body temperature of the animal may slightly rise, the tongue will be covered with whitish formations.In case of poisoning of the body and in the absence of treatment, heart failure may occur – an increased heartbeat and shortness of breath will appear.

In most cases, acute gastritis becomes chronic, which lasts for a long time (from a month to two years). The stages of exacerbation can be followed by stages of weakening. During the period of exacerbation of chronic gastritis, the animal shows signs, like acute gastritis, to which a dull color of the coat, pale mucous membranes, and bad breath are added.

How to diagnose?

To give an accurate and correct medical opinion, the cat must be taken to the veterinarian’s clinic for examination. There, the doctor, on the basis of the owner’s complaints, the totality of the manifestations of the disease and various laboratory studies, will be able to determine the diagnosis and prescribe the correct treatment. As an addition, you can do a microflora examination for the content of viruses, bacteria, fungi in order to exclude the likelihood of an infectious gastritis.

How is this disease in cats treated?

Before starting treatment, you need to determine the cause of the disease.The first step is to eliminate the circumstance that provoked the inflammation of the gastric mucosa. After the diagnosis has been established, the kitten must not be fed for 24 hours. Then a little food is added to the diet, and for the next 14 days, the pet is fed with light food.

During therapy, the pet must be fed with foods such as rice and oatmeal. They are able to envelop the walls of the ventricle and relieve irritation of the membrane. Also, various medicinal herbs have a remarkable effect.To make tea, you need to take one part of any medicinal herb for ten parts of boiling water. Boil for about four minutes. Give the animal a tablespoon of tea three times a day. Feeding should be frequent and portions moderate. For constipation, your veterinarian recommends giving your cat laxatives. In acute gastritis and fever, it is necessary to prescribe antibiotics that will offset the growth and development of the secondary flora.

A positive result in the treatment can be obtained from the use of various methods of physiotherapy.They are able to have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. The veterinarian will tell you which methods are best to use. He can advise ultrasound, ultraviolet light and so on.

Prevention of disease in cats

The main preventive measure against the appearance of gastritis in an animal is considered a complete, balanced and proper nutrition with high-quality and expensive food and products. Be sure to follow the regimen of eating in a small amount. To reduce the likelihood of secondary gastritis, it is necessary to start on time the treatment of diseases of an infectious nature and those that are not of an infectious nature.At the first symptoms of gastritis, you should immediately seek the help of a specialist and immediately conduct a thorough examination

GKB №31 – Gastritis | City Clinical Hospital No. 31 of the city of Moscow

World renown

– According to the World Health Organization, 50% of the world’s population suffers from chronic gastritis.
– In the structure of diseases of the digestive system, gastritis occupies about 35%, and among diseases of the stomach – 80-85%.
– In 75% of cases, chronic gastritis is combined with chronic cholecystitis, colitis and other diseases of the digestive system.
– In 1983, Australian scientists Barry Marshall and Robin Warren discovered a spiral-shaped bacterium and gave it the name Helicobacter pylori (Helicobacter pylori) for its shape – “Helico” – spiral and habitat – “pylori” – pyloric stomach (outlet, adjacent to the duodenum).
– In 2005, B. Marshall and R. Warren were awarded the Nobel Prize. Scientists have proved by self-infection that it is Helicobacter pylori that enters the stomach with food or saliva that causes its inflammation – gastritis, and in more severe cases – ulcers and even stomach cancer.
– The Russian group for the study of helicobacteria in the territory of the Russian Federation and in the CIS countries has established that the level of infection with it reaches 80%.

Agree, each of us from time to time experiences discomfort in the abdomen: heartburn, a feeling of heaviness and even pain. The trouble is that we react to these signals in different ways. Only a few take action right away, but most of them wave their hand at the problem: they say, they will hurt and stop … Do you know what threatens such an indifferent attitude to their own body?

Do you know each other?

Gastritis is the most common stomach disease in the world that occurs at any age.It is an inflammation of the lining of the stomach, which lines the inside of the stomach to protect it from the hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes it produces. Gastritis has many varieties, depending on the cause of the inflammation and two forms – acute and chronic.

Acute gastritis is an acute inflammation of the mucous membrane that occurs as a result of a strong irritant entering the stomach. It manifests itself suddenly or within 1-2 days with the following symptoms: a feeling of heaviness and pain in the epigastric region, nausea, vomiting (sometimes with bile), intestinal upset, weakness, sweating, dizziness, pallor, and sometimes fever.

Chronic gastritis is a long-term, progressive inflammatory process that causes structural changes in the inner lining of the stomach with subsequent disruption of its functions. In the mucous membrane, the growth of connective tissue gradually occurs, replacing the secretory cells that produce gastric juice. The insidiousness of this disease is that the gastric mucosa does not have pain receptors, therefore, when a small amount of irritant gets on it (for example, spicy food, alcohol, etc.) discomfort often does not arise. However, the constant intake of a traumatic substance contributes to the recurrence of inflammation, which gradually turns into a chronic form of gastritis. And only when the functions of the stomach are already impaired, the symptoms of the disease begin to appear: a feeling of oversaturation with food, heartburn, belching, stool disturbances, pain.

The chronic form, in turn, differs in the activity of the secretory function, that is, in the level of acidity production. It can be increased and decreased.With increased secretion, sensations of heaviness and burning in the stomach after eating, hungry pains prevail. When low, appetite disappears, morning sickness and an unpleasant taste in the mouth disturb. During the course of the disease, as a rule, there is a tendency to a decrease in acidity, since the production of gastric juice is disturbed.

Prime suspect

The causes of gastritis are different. Acute gastritis occurs due to excessive irritation of the stomach by indigestible, fatty, spicy, too hot or too cold food.It is also a consequence of poisoning with spoiled food, alcohol, drugs, poisonous substances, sometimes accompanied by an acute infection.

Important factors provoking the emergence of chronic gastritis – the systematic use of irritating food (spicy / salty), alcohol, drugs. Improper nutrition – dry food, prolonged abstinence from food followed by oversaturation, insufficient chewing. By the way, the chewing process is the most important in digestion.The fact is that by chewing food, we not only prepare it for passage through the esophagus, but thereby inform the stomach about its composition. Having received this information, the stomach begins to produce exactly those enzymes that are necessary for the digestion of this food.

Chronic gastritis can develop both independently and be a complication of other diseases, for example, cholecystitis, colitis, be the result of frequent stress or metabolic disorders. In some cases, with poor-quality treatment, gastritis turns into a chronic form from an acute one.

However, almost all of the above factors, according to modern scientists, are only contributing to the disease. The main culprit of chronic gastritis and its severe consequences is the gram-negative bacillus Helicobacter pylori. Scientists have found that it is she who plays a leading role in the inflammatory process, the development of peptic ulcer and stomach cancer. The peculiarity of Helicobacter is its ability to withstand the acidic gastric environment. With the help of special flagella, it clings to the walls of the organ, moves, penetrates into the mucous membrane, hiding from aggressive juice and incoming food.But most importantly, it increases the secretion of ammonia, which neutralizes the acidic environment, allowing it to inhabit the stomach and thereby disrupting its normal functioning. Reproducing, Helicobacter pylori secretes harmful substances that affect the mucous membrane, and then the deeper, muscular layer. In addition, the destruction of the protective membrane clears the way for the aggressive effect of hydrochloric acid on the unprotected layers of the stomach.

Accurate diagnosis

Diagnosis of acute gastritis is generally not particularly difficult and is confirmed according to the collected anamnestic data (set of information) and examination of the patient.Since gastritis is inherently poisoning, it is necessary to find out its cause as soon as possible in order to take adequate measures. After all, for example, treating food poisoning is different from treating chemical poisoning.

Sometimes it can be difficult to make a correct diagnosis due to the similarity of symptoms with other diseases. These include appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, ulcers, hepatic and renal colic, infectious diseases, and even myocardial infarction.However, with gastritis, it is not painful, but dyspeptic manifestations that predominate – stool disturbance, vomiting, etc.

For the diagnosis of chronic gastritis and complex cases of acute, a wide arsenal of various studies is provided. In addition to carefully collected anamnestic data and a careful study of the clinical picture of the disease, studies of the secretory function of the stomach, gastroscopy, various types of biopsies, scanning of the stomach cavity to study its motor-evacuation function, X-rays are carried out, laboratory tests are prescribed.The most important diagnostic method is the study of gastric juice. It is obtained using a thin probe (2-3 mm) fractionally: on an empty stomach and after the so-called test breakfast – taking special drugs that stimulate gastric secretion. The composition of the portions of the obtained juice makes it possible to assess the acid-forming and enzymatic functions of the stomach, to detect pathological impurities (bile, blood, etc.). Gastroscopy is also one of the most informative methods for examining the stomach. In modern conditions, the gastroscopy procedure has become much more comfortable – the diameter of the tube has halved (up to 5 mm), and if desired, it is carried out during the patient’s medication.This method has become no less convenient for specialists – the equipment is equipped with a special eyepiece, through which the image is transmitted to the screen of the device. Thus, the video recording of the study can be placed on electronic media, re-viewed and discussed with other specialists.

As the most common cause of chronic gastritis, the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection is especially relevant. It can be detected during gastroscopy, blood tests, and also with the help of special breathing tests, for example, the Helik test.This diagnosis takes no more than 15 minutes and immediately gives the result. The patient takes a certain dose of urea, exhales into a special tube and an indicator or digital system (depending on the modification of the apparatus) instantly reports on the presence of bacteria in the body by its urease activity (ability to break down urea). The procedure is absolutely safe and is indicated even for young children and pregnant women.

There is an output

Acute gastritis, as a rule, is not complete without appropriate measures.Since the pronounced, acute symptoms simply do not allow the disease to take its course. Treatment of chronic gastritis, on the other hand, is often delayed, which significantly complicates the situation.

In the acute form of the disease, adsorbent drugs that improve digestion and replace lost moisture are usually prescribed. With infectious gastritis, antibiotic therapy is performed. In cases of severe poisoning, urgent help from a toxicologist is required: determining the type of poison, neutralizing it and urgently removing it from the digestive tract, as well as measures to maintain the vital functions of the body.

If ordinary acute gastritis is cured on average in a week, then the treatment of chronic gastritis takes months and even years. Inflammation caused by infection with Helicobacter, first of all, requires antibacterial therapy, and depending on the level of acidity production, antacids, adsorbents, enveloping agents or drugs that enhance the secretory and motor functions of the stomach are prescribed. In the case of pain, antispasmodics and prokinetics are indicated. In addition, patients with chronic gastritis should be under dispensary observation and visit a doctor at least twice a year.

It is believed that Helicobacter pylori can peacefully exist in the stomach, without causing disease, until provoking factors appear: weakening of the immune system, ingestion of irritating substances into the stomach, etc.

An inflammatory reaction in the stomach is a consequence of not only the ingress of any irritant into it, but also the response of the body. In this case, special cells of the immune system are activated. They are trying to remove the intruder and restore the integrity of the mucous membrane. This work of immune cells outwardly looks like inflammation.

Main types of chronic gastritis:

– Type A gastritis – autoimmune gastritis. The consequence of a violation of the immune system, which begins to produce antibodies that destroy its own cells of the gastric mucosa.
– Type B gastritis – chronic gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori.
– Type C gastritis – reactive gastritis (reflux gastritis). It appears as a result of food being thrown back into the stomach from the duodenum. The alkaline contents of the intestine damage the pyloric mucosa and reduce acidity.

Treatment of gastritis – inquire about the service, make an appointment. MEDSI network of clinics in Nizhnevartovsk

Causes of gastritis

The disease occurs when the stomach is exposed to a number of negative factors. The development of pathology is facilitated by pathological processes in which the stability of the mucous layer is disturbed, as well as the regulation of the motor and secretory functions of the body.

The main causes of gastritis include:

• Exposure to infectious agents. In most cases, the pathology develops on the presence of the bacteria Helicobacter Pylori. Acute gastritis can be caused by streptococci, staphylococci, Escherichia coli and other opportunistic microflora. Much less often, the pathology is of viral origin and manifests itself against the background of candidiasis, helminthic invasions, tuberculosis and syphilis
• Aggressive chemical attack. Gastritis can be triggered by the ingestion of hazardous substances into the stomach: alkalis, salts of heavy metals, acids, cocaine, alcohol, etc.The disease can develop against the background of long-term uncontrolled intake of antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cardiac glycosides, etc.
• Other diseases of the digestive system. The gastric mucosa may become inflamed if it is irritated by the contents of the intestine
• Chronic stress. These conditions are accompanied by vasospasm, which leads to a lack of blood supply to the gastric mucosa. The situation may worsen against the background of disturbances in the work of the gastrointestinal tract and the depletion of the reserve capacities of the body as a result of diseases of the internal organs
• Eating disorders. An improper diet can cause superficial chronic gastritis. The mucous membrane is irritated by too hot, spicy and fatty foods. Other factors exacerbate its damage. As a result, the acute stage of the disease may develop.

There are other factors that lead to gastritis.

Types, forms and complications of the disease

Depending on the type of inflammation, the following is isolated:

• Acute gastritis
• Chronic gastritis

Depending on the causes of the pathological process, there are:

• Autoimmune gastritis (type A)
• Helicobacter pylori inflammation (type B)
• Chemical-toxic injury (type C)

If several factors are combined, the disease is considered as a mixed process.

Pathology with normal, low and high acidity is also distinguished.

Important! All types of gastritis require timely and comprehensive treatment. Otherwise, serious complications may develop, the main of which include gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer. With an erosive lesion of the organ wall, bleeding and hemorrhagic shock may occur. With the development of a phlegmonous form of pathology, in some cases, perforation of the stomach wall is diagnosed, as well as cicatricial deformities and fistulas.

Complications also include:

• Megaloblastic anemia
• Protein-energy starvation of the body
• Muscular dystrophy
• Adenocarcinoma (cancer) of the stomach

Symptoms of the disease

Acute gastritis

The main signs of the disease appear suddenly, after poisoning, nutritional errors or taking a number of medications.

Patients see a doctor for diagnosis and treatment of gastritis with the following symptoms:

• Abdominal pain
• Nausea and vomiting
• Belching
• Stool disorders
• Deterioration of appetite

Also, the acute form is characterized by a violation of the general condition of the body.It is manifested by a decrease in working capacity, weakness, drowsiness and dizziness. With infectious lesions, chills and fever, cough and runny nose are also possible. With erosive lesions, bloody vomiting joins the main symptoms.

Chronic gastritis

The manifestations of this form of pathology depend on the secretory activity of the stomach. With increased acidity, patients complain of pain after eating, chronic constipation, belching and heartburn. With reduced acidity, pain is insignificant or absent.Patients complain of a feeling of quick satiety, flatulence and diarrhea, morning sickness, belching of air. With this form of pathology, such signs as a gray coating on the tongue, a bitter taste in the mouth are also revealed. Often, patients quickly lose weight, face swelling in the legs and muscle weakness. These symptoms are due to poor digestion and absorption of valuable substances from food.

Important! Diagnosis and treatment of gastritis should be carried out when the first symptoms appear.Only in this case it is possible to prevent the development of dangerous complications and stop pathological processes in the body.

Diagnosis of the disease

Detection of gastritis is usually carried out fairly quickly. It is important for specialists not only to make a diagnosis, but also to find out the cause of the disease, as well as to determine its form.

The main methods used for diagnostics include:

• EGDS (esophagogastroduodenoscopy). This technique consists in examining the mucous membrane using special equipment. In the presence of gastritis, experts note swelling, erosion, thinning of the epithelium and its atrophy, the severity of the vascular pattern and other signs of the disease
• X-ray of the stomach. The examination is carried out with contrast. Barium mixture

is used for visualization

• Helicobacter Pylori breath test. Exhaled carbon measurements are taken to detect bacteria.If questionable results are obtained, PCR diagnostics are additionally assigned. It allows you to detect the presence in the blood of antibodies to Helicobacter Pylori
• Study of gastric juice. This technique allows you to study the secretory function of the stomach. In the course of diagnostics, the general acidity, as well as the presence of mucus, enzymes and other substances in the juice, are determined.

The patient also undergoes a general blood test and undergoes other examinations.

In difficult cases you need:

• Ultrasound of the liver, pancreas, gallbladder
• MSCT of the abdominal organs
• Histological examination of biopsy

If stomach cancer is suspected, the patient must be consulted by an oncologist.Also, the patient can be referred for an appointment with a hematologist, endocrinologist and infectious disease specialist.

Gastritis treatment

The tactics of therapy always depend on a number of factors. These include both the individual characteristics of the patient and the presence of concomitant pathologies, as well as the form of the disease, as well as the features of its development.

As a rule, the treatment is complex.

Taking medications

The basic treatment regimen usually includes the following funds:

• Antibacterial. They are accepted with the aim of destroying Helicobacter Pylori. If the patient has other pathogens of the pathological process, antimicrobial, antifungal and antiparasitic drugs are prescribed
• Secretory function correctors. When increasing the release of hydrochloric acid, special blockers and proton pump inhibitors are used. Correction of secretory insufficiency can also be prescribed. In this case, substitution therapy is performed. Sometimes drug therapy is supplemented with phytopreparations
• Gastroprotectors. These agents protect the epithelium from aggressive effects. The preparations create a thin film on the gastric mucosa and prevent its damage

Special diet

The diet is designed in such a way as to minimize the amount of fatty and fried foods. In this case, the patient should receive a sufficient amount of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. The diet must be developed by a doctor. At the same time, the wishes of the patient are taken into account.

Quitting bad habits (smoking and drinking alcohol)

Substances contained in alcohol and cigarettes aggressively affect the mucous membrane.Therefore, it is very important for the patient to abandon them at least for the duration of the acute stage or exacerbation of the chronic process.

Important! In acute gastritis, treatment may involve not only taking medications, but also:

• Gastric lavage
• Infusion therapy
• Reception of sorbents and antidotes

To stop bleeding, a blood, plasma or erythrocyte mass transfusion can be performed.

In some cases, surgical interventions are performed.Surgical treatment is prescribed when it is inexpedient to conservative or there is no effect from it. Usually, operations are carried out under the following dangerous conditions:

• Massive destruction (destruction) of the stomach wall
• Occurrence of profuse bleeding

Advantages of contacting MEDSI

• Experienced doctors. Our gastroenterologists treat patients using modern techniques and drugs that have proven their effectiveness and safety
• Complex diagnostics. It is carried out using expert class equipment
• Individual approach to therapy. Treatment of gastritis is carried out in a complex, taking into account numerous factors and the patient’s condition
• No queues. Diagnostics, therapy and rehabilitation of patients are carried out in a comfortable environment. Our patients do not need to wait long for an appointment

If you are planning to undergo gastritis treatment in our clinic, call +7 (3466) 29-88-00.The specialist will answer all questions and make an appointment with the gastroenterologist at a convenient time.

Gastritis and ulcer

Gastritis and stomach ulcers are diagnosed today, perhaps, more often than other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. In this case, the diseases are very similar to each other, but peptic ulcer disease is much more difficult and is more difficult for the patient to tolerate. In the autumn-spring period, diseases tend to worsen. At the same time, both gastritis and ulcers can be cured. You just need to strictly follow the doctor’s recommendations and diet.

Causes of gastritis and ulcers

Many unknowingly often confuse these two diseases. By misidentifying the disease during treatment, you can get the opposite effect. That is why, when you find the first signs of a particular disease, you should definitely seek the advice of a doctor.

Gastritis

Gastritis is a disease often caused by Helicobacter pylori – a microorganism, in other words, a bacterium. At the same time, the reason can be the wrong way of life – lack of a regimen, proper nutrition, alcohol and smoking abuse, as well as constant stress.Improper nutrition is one of the main causes of gastritis. However, this term includes not only junk food. With insufficient chewing and eating “dry”, as well as eating too hot or too cold food, wear of the gastric mucosa also occurs.

Ulcer

As with gastritis, gastric ulcer can be caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, improper diet, alcohol and smoking abuse, as well as a lack of vitamins in the body and frequent stress.In addition, the cause of the ulcer can be drugs that a person takes for a long time. Especially glucocorticosteroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Symptoms of gastritis and ulcers

Since the discovery of a disease such as gastritis, many studies have been carried out. Perhaps the most interesting thing about them is that the main symptom of gastritis can be considered a person’s status. Residents of megalopolises are more susceptible to gastritis than others.There is discomfort, a feeling of heaviness and constriction, pain. With more serious manifestations of gastritis, belching, heartburn, nausea and even vomiting appear, the body temperature is stably kept around 37 degrees. If symptoms appear separately from each other, then they can be the cause of another disease of the gastrointestinal tract. However, if there are at least two symptoms at the same time, gastritis can be diagnosed with absolute certainty.

Stomach pain is the first sign of an ulcer.At the same time, depending on the degree of damage, pain can appear both immediately after a meal, or after a couple of hours. At the time of the peak of pain, vomiting may open, after which relief comes. Relieve pain with possibly acid-reducing drugs. They envelop the walls and relieve pain spasms with an ulcer. However, if you take such drugs uncontrollably, you can only aggravate the situation. (topic symptoms: and information on treatment …) As statistics show, in recent years, symptoms may appear somewhat differently.For example, with regular use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the ulcer may not manifest normally. Minor digestive problems are observed, and the disease itself is detected already at later, dangerous stages.

How to distinguish an ulcer from gastritis

Ulcers and gastritis are very similar in symptoms. Gastritis is a milder disease than an ulcer. In gastritis, the epicenter of pain is concentrated in the epigastric region, while the focus of pain in an ulcer is in the duodenal region.In addition, the painful sensations of an ulcer can respond with sharp jerks in the iliac and precordial regions.

With gastritis, pain usually appears after eating in about 3-4 hours. With an ulcer, pain occurs immediately or no later than an hour later. At the same time, it is often not limited to pain alone, and nausea and even vomiting appears. At night, ulcerative pains are exacerbated, with gastritis, however, nocturnal pains are usually observed. In the fall and spring, the ulcer usually worsens.

Treatment of gastritis and ulcers

The main thing in the treatment of gastritis and ulcers is not to self-medicate, but strictly follow the prescribed treatment and methods.

Principles and scheme for the treatment of gastritis

The main principle of gastritis treatment is strict adherence to a healthy lifestyle. This includes proper nutrition, weight control, and avoiding smoking and alcohol. If the listed methods no longer work, drug treatment is prescribed.

Treatment of acute gastritis depends on the cause of its occurrence, the severity of the disease, the severity of clinical symptoms (phlegmonous, corrosive, fibrinous gastritis are treated only in a hospital.) Treatment of catarrhal gastritis is possible on an outpatient basis.

1. Gastric lavage to remove toxic substances from it. You need to drink 2-3 liters of water, and then induce vomiting, irritating the root of the tongue.
2. Diet (on the first day of illness, you should refrain from eating, only warm drinks are allowed, then a sparing diet is recommended). Diet pr and acute gastritis implies the following:

• exclusion of products that irritate the gastric mucosa (spices; mustard, pepper).

• preference is given to steamed, boiled, mashed food.

• food should only be warm.

• elimination of alcohol and tobacco.

• Lean meats and fish, broths and second courses from them are well suited.

3. Drug therapy

• Proton pump inhibitors – omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole, omez, etc.

• Antacids (heartburn) – maalox, phosphalugel, gastal, etc.

• Antispasmodics – no-shpa, papaverine, buscopan, duspatalin, dicetel.

• Prokinetics (with severe nausea and vomiting) – cerucal, motilium.

• Enterosorbents (for toxicoinfection) – polysorb, polyphepam, enterosgel, etc.

• Antibiotics, if the etiology of gastritis is poisoning with toxic substances

The following drugs must be included in the composition of medicines for the treatment of Chronic gastritis:

• proton pump inhibitors (Omez, Nolpaza, Nexium, etc.)etc.)

• antacids (Maalox, Almagel, Fosfalugel, etc.)

• gastroprotectors (Venter, De-nol, Novobismol, etc.)

• prokinetics (Cerucal, Moilium, Gonaton, etc.)

• enzymes (Mezim, Festal, Panzinorm, Creon, Pangrol, etc.)

• antispasmodics (Buscopan, No-shpa, Duspatalin, etc.)etc.)

• antibiotics when Helicobacter pylori is detected;

• vitamins (iron supplements, folic acid, niacin, B12)

For gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori, drug therapy is carried out as follows:

The first line of therapy is designed for 7-14 days and includes:

1. PPI (omeprazole 20 mg, pantoprazole 20 mg, esomeprazole 20 mg, etc.)x 2 times a day;
2. clarithromycin 500 mg (klacid, klabakt, fromilid) x 2 times a day;
3. amoxicillin 1000 mg (flemoxin solutab) x2 times a day.

The use of second-line therapy is recommended in case of ineffectiveness of the first-line drugs (the course is also 7-14 days):

1. PPI (omeprazole 20 mg, pantoprazole 20 mg, esomeprazole 20 mg, etc.) x 2 times a day
2. metronidazole (trichopolum, clion, flagil) 250 mg x4 times a day
3. tetracycline 500 mg x 4 times a day.
4. bismuth tripotassium dicitrate (de-nol, novobismol, ulcavis, escape) 120 mg x 4 times a day.

After successfully suppressing the activity of Helicobacter pylori, it is recommended to drink the drug every six months – bismuth tripotassium dicitrate, 240 mg twice a day, with a course of 1 month. Mandatory adherence to the diet in the first time after therapy, in the future, it is necessary to switch to a different food system, which excludes foods that increase the risk of developing gastrointestinal diseases.

These treatment regimens are for informational purposes only and are not a guide to action! Systemic therapy is prescribed only by a specialist!

Principles and scheme of treatment of stomach ulcers

A few years ago, the treatment of ulcers could not do without surgical intervention. Today, there are methods for treating stomach ulcers without a scalpel. If a bacterium is the cause of the ulcer, then the effectiveness of any treatment will be zero until the bacterium is eliminated.Antibacterial drugs are used to fight bacteria.

If the cause of the ulcer is other factors not related to the bacterial nature (Helicobacter pylory), then additional drugs are prescribed to antibiotics. With the help of antacids (Maalox, Almagel, Fosfalugel, etc.), the level of acidity in the stomach is reduced. In addition, it is possible to stop pain attacks. It is also important that histamine receptor blockers and proton pump inhibitors are present in the treatment package (see Table: Antisecretory Drugs).They prevent the stomach from producing large amounts of acid. (allow to reduce the production of hydrochloric acid, thereby accelerating the healing process of damaged gastric membranes) these are proton pump inhibitors (Omez, Nolpaza, Nexium, etc.)

A number of other drugs are used in the complex:

• coating preparations for the protection of the stomach walls; gastroprotectors (Venter, De-nol, Novobismol, etc.)
• prokinetics that promote the rapid movement of food in the stomach and block the gag reflex; prokinetics (Cerucalus, Moilium, Gonaton, etc.)etc.)
• sedatives to suppress stress; Sedatives that are of plant origin, with a sedative effect, while providing a calming effect on the nervous system – Novo-passit, Persen.
• vitamins for recovery. Multivitamin complexes are used, which must necessarily contain: Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B6, B7, B9), trace elements: Zinc, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium.Suitable Multi-tabs classic plus, Vitrum plus, Complivit, Alphabet Classi.
• probiotics for microflora restoration. Linex, Maksilak, Acipol, Bak-set, Evitalia, Biovestin, Bifiform.

It is also possible to use drugs for pain relief. However, they should be used as carefully as possible, as they can provoke internal bleeding: Antispasmodics: No-shpa, Buscopal, Duspatalin. Herbal medicine preparations: Iberogast, gastric collection, St. John’s wort, mint, chamomile.

In addition to drug treatment, physiotherapy and physiotherapy exercises can be prescribed by a doctor. However, strict adherence to the diet is the most important step affecting a speedy recovery.

Diet for gastritis and ulcers

Diet is an indispensable component of any stage of gastritis or ulcer treatment. If gastritis is in an acute stage, it is recommended to refuse to take any food altogether on the first day. You can only drink warm liquids – weak sweet tea, water, rose hips.After the stomach has become a little lighter, you can start taking sparing food – boiled and mashed vegetables, not heavy meat, broths. It is strictly forbidden to use salt and other seasonings.

The main thing in a diet is not to harm the stomach even more and speed up the healing process. Fasting during illness is strictly prohibited. Fasting will provoke more aggressive stomach acid behavior. On the contrary, it is recommended to eat as often as possible – up to 8 meals.At the same time, it is important to monitor not only the quality of food, but also its temperature. The optimum temperature is not higher than 60 degrees.

Usually the patient undergoing treatment adheres to the so-called table number 1. The main principle of which is to reduce the load on the stomach. The diet includes low-calorie meals. Dishes are steamed or boiled, and served only in the form of porridge.

In case of peptic ulcer disease, it is recommended to keep the standard diet as much as possible by excluding some foods from it.Basically, these are components that irritate the gastric mucosa: mushrooms, fatty foods, seasonings and sauces, bread and pastries made from butter and puff pastry, wheat and rye flour, carbonated and alcoholic drinks, smoked, canned foods, fast food.

Gastritis and ulcers are much easier to prevent than to cure. To do this, you just need to more carefully monitor your lifestyle and diet.

All about gastritis

Pirogova Irina Yurievna

Deputy chief physician for organizational and methodological work, head of the center of gastroenterology and hepatology, gastroenterologist

Gastritis:

1. Causes of gastritis.
2. Types of gastritis: acute and chronic gastritis
3. Symptoms and signs of gastritis.

Causes of gastritis

Gastritis is a common disease that occurs with inflammation of the inner surface of the stomach. The most common cause of gastritis is the microorganism Helicobacterpylori, but the most likely development of the disease in people who are in a state of mental stress, neglect a healthy diet, drink and smoke.Factors causing gastritis.

As already mentioned, this disease proceeds with inflammation and destructuring of the gastric mucosa. Inflammation in the tissues of the human body is always a reaction to the influence of damaging factors. In this case, it can be both pathogenic microflora and too hot or cold food entering the stomach, as well as poisonous and corrosive substances.

The most common factor causing gastritis is the presence of Helicobacterpylori in the gastric mucosa.

This microorganism was discovered not so long ago, but it was a new word in the therapy and prevention of stomach ulcers, gastritis and stomach cancer. Helicobacteriosis destroys some parts of the gastric mucosa, sometimes penetrating into rather deep layers, which is more like an ulcer.

In addition, gastritis can be triggered by a burn of the gastric mucosa with aggressive chemicals. This happens most often in those people who suffer from alcoholism or when unintentionally drinking any poisonous substances (vinegar, alkali).The use of drugs such as acetylsalicylic acid (and other anti-inflammatory drugs) also often causes gastritis.

A number of anti-inflammatory drugs (indomethacin, diclofenac, aspirin) provoke the inflammatory process not so much directly as by destroying the protective abilities of the mucous membrane of the digestive system. In this regard, gastritis can be triggered not only by the oral use of these drugs.

Often, gastritis is caused by inappropriate nutrition: food on the go, poorly chewed, food on the run violates the integrity of the gastric mucosa, swallowing too cold or hot food causes thermal damage to the mucous membrane, eating too spicy and salty food also causes irritation of the mucous membrane.

Gastritis is often the result of a malfunctioning immune system. Sometimes the body’s defenses are directed not to fight against pathogenic microflora, but to fight its own tissues (autoimmune diseases). If such a reaction is directed to the gastric mucosa, autoimmune gastritis develops. In the appearance of this form of the disease, genetic predisposition, as well as other damaging factors, is not the least important.

In the overwhelming number of patients, gastritis appears under the influence of a combination of the previously stated reasons: inappropriate nutrition violates the integrity of the mucous membrane, it becomes more vulnerable to the penetration of pathogenic microbes (Helicobacter), these factors direct autoimmune reactions that cause gastritis.

Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining. Signs of gastritis appear when the integrity of the upper mucous membrane, as well as the deeper tissues of the mucosa, is disturbed. Symptoms of the disease are hungry stomach pains, as well as pain immediately after eating, vomiting, nausea, and upset stools.

To determine the disease, endoscopy of the digestive system is performed.

Often, the disease does not cause any ailments, but over time, its signs are found: discomfort in the stomach after eating, pain in the upper lobe of the epigastrium after eating or on an empty stomach, vomiting, nausea, belching, weight loss and poor appetite.In this case, the manifestations of the disease can be found, then disappear. This is influenced by both the use of drugs and the patient’s lifestyle, and the course of the disease.

Types of gastritis

Along the course, gastritis is divided into acute and chronic.

The acute form of the disease is usually detected within a few hours and usually appears under the influence of a large number of pathogenic microflora, after the use of harsh chemicals. Such chemicals can provoke the development of ulcers and even perforation of the stomach wall.

The disease develops in this way: when the integrity of the gastric mucosa is violated, substances are produced that are markers for the cells of the immune system. The cells are activated and inflammation develops. It turns out that the inflammatory process during gastritis is both a sign of a disease and an attempt to self-heal tissues.

There are a number of types of acute forms of the disease: simple or catarrhal – most often appears when eating poor-quality food in which there are pathogenic microorganisms, with allergies, with rotavirus or after using a number of drugs.This form of the disease causes minor disorders of the gastric mucosa, which are healed by the body on its own as soon as the cause of the disease is eliminated.

Erosive gastritis: appears with the ingestion of acid or alkali concentrates, that is, due to exposure to very aggressive environments. This form is characterized by the destruction of the deep layers of the stomach wall, and therefore such diseases often end in a stomach ulcer or even perforation.

The phlegmonous form proceeds with the formation of purulent foci on the gastric mucosa. Such inflammation can be triggered by a fish bone and pathogens entering the site of injury. A characteristic sign of this form of the disease is a high body temperature, as well as very severe pain in the stomach. This form of the disease is treated only promptly and urgently. If you do not provide help in time, peritonitis and death develop.

Fibrinous gastritis: an uncommon form of the disease that develops when blood is infected.

If competent therapy is carried out, the acute form of the disease disappears in five to seven days, but the stomach will not be able to fully fulfill its functions for a long time.

Most often, in acute gastritis, the production of gastric juice is increased, the content of hydrochloric acid in it is increased (hyperacid gastritis). Often, the acute form flows into a chronic one.This process is facilitated by periodic relapses of the acute form, illiterate therapy, as well as constant irritation of the gastric mucosa with harmful substances.

Chronic gastritis appears either as a primary disease or during the transition from an acute form. This form of the disease may not detect itself for a long time.

The chronic form of gastritis develops due to: exposure to the gastric mucosa Helicobacterpylori, which is called type B, the targeting of immune bodies against the mucous membrane – the autoimmune form or type A by the ingress of bile from the intestines into the stomach – reflux gastritis or type C.In the case of a chronic course of the disease, the gastric mucosa is destroyed in large planes and deeper than in the acute form.

The difference between this form of the disease is the slow increase in connective tissue, which gradually displaces useful, functional cells (mucosal atrophy).

The chronic form of the disease often occurs with reduced production of acid and gastric juice (hypoacid form). For a very long time, chronic gastritis does not cause any ailments.In this case, the course of the disease is characterized by periodic attenuation and exacerbation. During an exacerbation, the patient feels pain in the stomach, especially in its upper part, heaviness after eating, nausea, heartburn, which indicates a malfunction of the sphincters of the stomach and the ingress of acidic semi-digested food particles from the stomach into the esophagus. In addition, there are frequent symptoms of poor absorption of food, such as impaired bowel movements, bloating, rumbling in the abdomen. Under the influence of Helicobacterpylori, the regeneration of mucosal cells practically does not occur.Therefore, when the affected cells die off, new ones do not appear. What causes a slow disruption of the stomach, with a decrease in the production of gastric juice.

Main signs and symptoms of gastritis

The symptoms of the disease are very different depending on the type of ailment.

The acute form proceeds with the following manifestations: epigastric pain: acute and proceeding in seizures, and sometimes intractable. Often the pain is associated with food, it aggravates on an empty stomach or immediately after a meal, the urge to vomit, which is found immediately after eating, heartburn that appears after a meal, sour belching, on an empty stomach or immediately after a meal, multiple episodes of vomiting, initially comes out half-digested food is very acidic, then just mucus and bile, an increase in saliva production is the body’s response to a violation of food processing, and in some cases, a lack of saliva (combined with vomiting), diarrhea or constipation, a violation of the human condition in general: weakness, profuse sweating, migraine-like pain, tachycardia, increase in body temperature.

The acute erosive form of the disease causes all of the symptoms already listed, but also symptoms of hemorrhage in the stomach: epigastric pain on an empty stomach or an hour after eating, belching, nausea, heartburn, vomiting, an admixture of dark brown dense formations or veins in the vomit, fecal the masses look like tar.

Signs of chronic atrophic gastritis (as well as autoimmune) loss of appetite stench from the mouth belching with fetid discharge feeling of heaviness in the stomach after a meal pulling pain after a meal or after a quarter of an hour the urge to vomit after eating diarrhea or constipation increased flatulence, brittle nails , lack of hemoglobin in the blood.

Often, the symptoms listed earlier cause weight loss, lethargy, constant cravings for sleep, and nervousness.

Chronic gastritis worsens from time to time, then fades away. During the period of attenuation (remission), the patient does not feel any signs of the disease. And with an exacerbation, they appear. Often, exacerbations are associated with certain seasons of the year, they can also be caused by a violation in the menu, drinking alcohol, smoking, certain medications.

Therapy for gastritis includes completely different methods, such as a dietary menu, taking medications (antibiotics, drugs that reduce or increase acid production, as well as drugs that protect the mucous membrane from the effects of acid), as well as increasing the body’s resistance.

This disease should not be neglected, it must be treated, due to the fact that over time it can cause stomach ulcers, as well as cancer.

Prevention of gastritis are systematic measures that include a healthy lifestyle, a healthy menu and giving up bad habits.

Just Seven Simple Rules for Stomach Health

They will help to avoid heartburn and gastritis attacks.

Experts say that a person’s whole life can be read by … his stomach. Nervous – he whines, there is no time to cook, snack on fast food – heaviness and bloating appear, drank at a party – he also suffers and suffers from a hangover, you love smoked meats and grandmother’s pickles – get heartburn.

In general, the stomach is a very vulnerable organ and needs our support. Otherwise, gastritis and ulcers are close. But this does not mean at all that you have to eat oatmeal and lean soups in the water all your life.

You can eat everything with taste, but observing certain rules. So …

1. Eat at least 400 grams of vegetables and fruits every day. Do not season salads and other dishes with fatty sauces with preservatives.
2. Don’t overeat.Even during a feast, take breaks between meals, try to move around. It is better for the stomach if you eat fractionally and in small portions (5 – 6 times a day every 3 – 4 hours).
3. Boiled or baked meat is healthier than sausages and sausages for digestion.
4. Drink water 30-40 minutes before meals (a glass of warm water, drunk before meals, normalizes the acidity of the stomach). At the same time, do not drink during meals and immediately after it, but at least after half an hour or an hour.
5. Chew food thoroughly.If food enters the stomach in large chunks, this creates an additional burden and causes heartburn.
6. In the evening, try to eat at least three hours before bedtime, and preferably four. Don’t sleep after a hearty meal. Exercise after eating is also harmful.
7. Don’t get used to enduring pain and discomfort. If you begin to “feel” the stomach, it is better to immediately consult a gastroenterologist. Don’t get used to antacids (drugs that lower the acidity of your stomach). These funds are intended only to temporarily relieve discomfort, heartburn, but do not relieve the cause of the disease.And if you constantly drown out the alarming symptoms from the stomach with them, this will only blur the picture of the disease and the time for competent help will be lost.