What is sodium chloride used for medically: Sodium Chloride (Injection Route) Description and Brand Names
What Is Sodium Chloride and How Is It Used?
What Is Sodium Chloride and How Is It Used?
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Medically reviewed by Judith Marcin, M.
D. — By Julia Haskins — Updated on September 29, 2018
What is sodium chloride?
Sodium chloride (NaCl), also known as salt, is an essential compound our body uses to:
- absorb and transport nutrients
- maintain blood pressure
- maintain the right balance of fluid
- transmit nerve signals
- contract and relax muscles
Salt is an inorganic compound, meaning it doesn’t come from living matter. It’s made when Na (sodium) and Cl (chloride) come together to form white, crystalline cubes.
Your body needs salt to function, but too little or too much salt can be harmful to your health.
While salt is frequently used for cooking, it can also be found as an ingredient in foods or cleansing solutions. In medical cases, your doctor or nurse will typically introduce sodium chloride as an injection. Read on to see why and how salt plays an important role in your body.
Despite the fact that many people use the words sodium and salt interchangeably, they are different.
Sodium is a mineral and a nutrient that’s naturally occurring. Unprocessed foods like fresh vegetables, legumes, and fruit can naturally have sodium. Baking soda has sodium too.
But about 75 to 90 percent of the sodium we get comes from salt already added to our foods. The weight of salt is usually a combination of 40 percent sodium and 60 percent chloride.
The most common use for salt is in food. Its uses include:
- food seasoning
- acting as a natural preservative
- enhancing the natural colors of foods
- curing, or preserving, meats
- creating a brine for marinating foods
There’s also a wide variety of household uses, such as:
- cleaning pots and pans
- preventing mold
- removing stains and grease
- salting roads in the winter to prevent ice
When your doctor prescribes a treatment with salt, they’ll use the term sodium chloride. Sodium chloride mixed with water creates a saline solution, which has a number of different medical purposes.
Medical uses for a saline solution include:
Although salt and sodium are different, salt is 40 percent sodium and we get most of our sodium intake from salt. Many companies and restaurants use salt to preserve, season, and flavor their food. Since one teaspoon of salt has about 2,300 milligrams (mg) of sodium, it’s easy to go over the daily value.
According to the CDC, the average American eats over 3,400 mg each day. You can limit your sodium intake by eating unprocessed foods. You may also find it easier to manage your sodium intake by making more meals at home.
The American Dietary Guidelines recommend that Americans consume less than 2,300 mg of sodium per day.
Low-sodium diet
Your doctor may suggest sticking to a low-sodium diet if you’re at risk for high blood pressure or heart disease. If you have heart disease, you should try to consume less than 2,000 mg of sodium per day, although the American Heart Association (AHA) recommends keeping it under 1,500 mg.
Eliminating processed foods like sausages and ready-made meals may make maintaining this number easier.
Top ten low-sodium frozen meals »
Nutrient absorption and transportation
Sodium and chloride play an important role in your small intestine. Sodium helps your body absorb:
- chloride
- sugar
- water
- amino acids (building blocks of protein)
Chloride, when it’s in the form of hydrochloric acid (hydrogen and chloride) is also a component of gastric juice. It helps your body digest and absorb nutrients.
Maintaining resting energy
Sodium and potassium are electrolytes in the fluid outside and inside your cells. The balance between these particles contributes to how your cells maintain your body’s energy.
It’s also how nerves send signals to the brain, your muscles contract, and your heart functions.
Maintaining blood pressure and hydration
Your kidneys, brain, and adrenal glands work together to regulate the amount of sodium in your body.
Chemical signals stimulate the kidney to either hold on to water so it can be reabsorbed into the bloodstream or get rid of excess water through the urine.
When there’s too much sodium in your bloodstream, your brain signals your kidneys to release more water into your blood circulation. This leads to an increase in blood volume and blood pressure. Decreasing your sodium intake can lead to less water being absorbed into the bloodstream. The result is a lower blood pressure.
For the most part, sodium chloride isn’t a health hazard, but in excessive amounts it can irritate your:
- eyes
- skin
- airways
- stomach
You can treat the irritation, depending on the area, by rinsing the spot with plain water or getting fresh air. Seek medical help if the irritation doesn’t stop.
Excess salt
While sodium is essential, it’s also in large amounts of almost everything we eat. Eating too much salt is linked to:
- high blood pressure
- increased risk for heart disease and kidney disease
- increased water retention, which can lead to swelling in the body
- dehydration
Side effects of saline solutions
Saline solutions are typically administered intravenously, or through the vein.
High concentrations of saline solutions can have side effects of redness or swelling at the injection site.
Too little sodium
Sodium deficiency is usually a sign of an underlying disorder. The name for this condition is hyponatremia. It can be due to:
- inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (ADH), caused by disorders that affect hormone balance, certain drugs, and certain medical conditions
- excessive water intake
- prolonged vomiting or diarrhea
- use of some diuretics
- some kidney diseases
Excessive and continuous sweating without proper hydration is also a potential cause, especially in people who train and compete in long endurance events like marathons and triathlons.
About 75 to 90 percent of our sodium intake comes from salt, or sodium chloride. Salt provides an essential mineral (sodium) that our bodies use for functions such as maintaining blood pressure and absorbing nutrients. You can also use salt for seasoning foods, cleaning your household items, and addressing certain medical issues.
The American Dietary Guidelines suggest you eat less than 2,300 mg of sodium per day. You can do this by eating less processed foods, like cold cuts and prepackaged foods, and cooking meals at home.
What foods have the least amount of sodium? »
Too much salt can lead to bigger health concerns like high blood pressure, heart disease, and kidney disease. Lowering your salt intake while increasing how much potassium you get can help lower your risk for those conditions.
You should consult your doctor before adding more sodium chloride to your diet. Most people exceed the recommended amount, but people who drink excessive amounts of water, have persistent diarrhea, or participate in long endurance events may have sodium deficiency. In these cases, good oral hydration may help. In more severe cases, a healthcare professional may need to provide intravenous (IV) saline solution to restore hydration and electrolytes.
Last medically reviewed on August 18, 2016
How we reviewed this article:
Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations.
We avoid using tertiary references. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.
- About sodium (salt). (2015, December 8)
heart.org/HEARTORG/HealthyLiving/HealthyEating/Nutrition/About-Sodium-Salt_UCM_463416_Article.jsp#.V6o8NLQye20 - Health Risk and Disease Related to Salt and Sodium. (n.d.)
hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/salt-and-sodium/sodium-health-risks-and-disease/ - Higdon, J. (2008, November). Sodium (chloride)
lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/minerals/sodium –
sources - Safety with Salt: Sodium Chloride Safety Informtion. (2015, April 10)
msdsonline.com/blog/health-safety/2015/04/10/safety-with-salt-sodium-chloride-safety-information - Sodium chloride inhalation solution. (2014, September)
dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=34375b61-0af7-4ed9-8bdb-0538ecc9068c - Sodium: the facts.
(2016, April)
cdc.gov/salt/pdfs/sodium_fact_sheet.pdf
(2016, April)Share this article
Medically reviewed by Judith Marcin, M.D. — By Julia Haskins — Updated on September 29, 2018
Read this next
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- Blood Sodium Test
Medically reviewed by University of Illinois
A sodium blood test is a routine test that allows your doctor to see how much sodium is in your blood.
It’s also called a serum sodium test.READ MORE
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D., L.D., ACSM EP-C
It’s also called a serum sodium test.What Is Sodium Chloride and How Is It Used?
What Is Sodium Chloride and How Is It Used?
- Health Conditions
- Featured
- Breast Cancer
- IBD
- Migraine
- Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Articles
- Acid Reflux
- ADHD
- Allergies
- Alzheimer’s & Dementia
- Bipolar Disorder
- Cancer
- Crohn’s Disease
- Chronic Pain
- Cold & Flu
- COPD
- Depression
- Fibromyalgia
- Heart Disease
- High Cholesterol
- HIV
- Hypertension
- IPF
- Osteoarthritis
- Psoriasis
- Skin Disorders and Care
- STDs
- Featured
- Discover
- Wellness Topics
- Nutrition
- Fitness
- Skin Care
- Sexual Health
- Women’s Health
- Mental Well-Being
- Sleep
- Product Reviews
- Vitamins & Supplements
- Sleep
- Mental Health
- Nutrition
- At-Home Testing
- CBD
- Men’s Health
- Original Series
- Fresh Food Fast
- Diagnosis Diaries
- You’re Not Alone
- Present Tense
- Video Series
- Youth in Focus
- Healthy Harvest
- No More Silence
- Future of Health
- Wellness Topics
- Plan
- Health Challenges
- Mindful Eating
- Sugar Savvy
- Move Your Body
- Gut Health
- Mood Foods
- Align Your Spine
- Find Care
- Primary Care
- Mental Health
- OB-GYN
- Dermatologists
- Neurologists
- Cardiologists
- Orthopedists
- Lifestyle Quizzes
- Weight Management
- Am I Depressed? A Quiz for Teens
- Are You a Workaholic?
- How Well Do You Sleep?
- Tools & Resources
- Health News
- Find a Diet
- Find Healthy Snacks
- Drugs A-Z
- Health A-Z
- Health Challenges
- Connect
- Breast Cancer
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Psoriatic Arthritis
- Migraine
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Psoriasis
Medically reviewed by Judith Marcin, M.
D. — By Julia Haskins — Updated on September 29, 2018
What is sodium chloride?
Sodium chloride (NaCl), also known as salt, is an essential compound our body uses to:
- absorb and transport nutrients
- maintain blood pressure
- maintain the right balance of fluid
- transmit nerve signals
- contract and relax muscles
Salt is an inorganic compound, meaning it doesn’t come from living matter. It’s made when Na (sodium) and Cl (chloride) come together to form white, crystalline cubes.
Your body needs salt to function, but too little or too much salt can be harmful to your health.
While salt is frequently used for cooking, it can also be found as an ingredient in foods or cleansing solutions. In medical cases, your doctor or nurse will typically introduce sodium chloride as an injection. Read on to see why and how salt plays an important role in your body.
Despite the fact that many people use the words sodium and salt interchangeably, they are different.
Sodium is a mineral and a nutrient that’s naturally occurring. Unprocessed foods like fresh vegetables, legumes, and fruit can naturally have sodium. Baking soda has sodium too.
But about 75 to 90 percent of the sodium we get comes from salt already added to our foods. The weight of salt is usually a combination of 40 percent sodium and 60 percent chloride.
The most common use for salt is in food. Its uses include:
- food seasoning
- acting as a natural preservative
- enhancing the natural colors of foods
- curing, or preserving, meats
- creating a brine for marinating foods
There’s also a wide variety of household uses, such as:
- cleaning pots and pans
- preventing mold
- removing stains and grease
- salting roads in the winter to prevent ice
When your doctor prescribes a treatment with salt, they’ll use the term sodium chloride. Sodium chloride mixed with water creates a saline solution, which has a number of different medical purposes.
Medical uses for a saline solution include:
Although salt and sodium are different, salt is 40 percent sodium and we get most of our sodium intake from salt. Many companies and restaurants use salt to preserve, season, and flavor their food. Since one teaspoon of salt has about 2,300 milligrams (mg) of sodium, it’s easy to go over the daily value.
According to the CDC, the average American eats over 3,400 mg each day. You can limit your sodium intake by eating unprocessed foods. You may also find it easier to manage your sodium intake by making more meals at home.
The American Dietary Guidelines recommend that Americans consume less than 2,300 mg of sodium per day.
Low-sodium diet
Your doctor may suggest sticking to a low-sodium diet if you’re at risk for high blood pressure or heart disease. If you have heart disease, you should try to consume less than 2,000 mg of sodium per day, although the American Heart Association (AHA) recommends keeping it under 1,500 mg.
Eliminating processed foods like sausages and ready-made meals may make maintaining this number easier.
Top ten low-sodium frozen meals »
Nutrient absorption and transportation
Sodium and chloride play an important role in your small intestine. Sodium helps your body absorb:
- chloride
- sugar
- water
- amino acids (building blocks of protein)
Chloride, when it’s in the form of hydrochloric acid (hydrogen and chloride) is also a component of gastric juice. It helps your body digest and absorb nutrients.
Maintaining resting energy
Sodium and potassium are electrolytes in the fluid outside and inside your cells. The balance between these particles contributes to how your cells maintain your body’s energy.
It’s also how nerves send signals to the brain, your muscles contract, and your heart functions.
Maintaining blood pressure and hydration
Your kidneys, brain, and adrenal glands work together to regulate the amount of sodium in your body.
Chemical signals stimulate the kidney to either hold on to water so it can be reabsorbed into the bloodstream or get rid of excess water through the urine.
When there’s too much sodium in your bloodstream, your brain signals your kidneys to release more water into your blood circulation. This leads to an increase in blood volume and blood pressure. Decreasing your sodium intake can lead to less water being absorbed into the bloodstream. The result is a lower blood pressure.
For the most part, sodium chloride isn’t a health hazard, but in excessive amounts it can irritate your:
- eyes
- skin
- airways
- stomach
You can treat the irritation, depending on the area, by rinsing the spot with plain water or getting fresh air. Seek medical help if the irritation doesn’t stop.
Excess salt
While sodium is essential, it’s also in large amounts of almost everything we eat. Eating too much salt is linked to:
- high blood pressure
- increased risk for heart disease and kidney disease
- increased water retention, which can lead to swelling in the body
- dehydration
Side effects of saline solutions
Saline solutions are typically administered intravenously, or through the vein.
High concentrations of saline solutions can have side effects of redness or swelling at the injection site.
Too little sodium
Sodium deficiency is usually a sign of an underlying disorder. The name for this condition is hyponatremia. It can be due to:
- inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (ADH), caused by disorders that affect hormone balance, certain drugs, and certain medical conditions
- excessive water intake
- prolonged vomiting or diarrhea
- use of some diuretics
- some kidney diseases
Excessive and continuous sweating without proper hydration is also a potential cause, especially in people who train and compete in long endurance events like marathons and triathlons.
About 75 to 90 percent of our sodium intake comes from salt, or sodium chloride. Salt provides an essential mineral (sodium) that our bodies use for functions such as maintaining blood pressure and absorbing nutrients. You can also use salt for seasoning foods, cleaning your household items, and addressing certain medical issues.
The American Dietary Guidelines suggest you eat less than 2,300 mg of sodium per day. You can do this by eating less processed foods, like cold cuts and prepackaged foods, and cooking meals at home.
What foods have the least amount of sodium? »
Too much salt can lead to bigger health concerns like high blood pressure, heart disease, and kidney disease. Lowering your salt intake while increasing how much potassium you get can help lower your risk for those conditions.
You should consult your doctor before adding more sodium chloride to your diet. Most people exceed the recommended amount, but people who drink excessive amounts of water, have persistent diarrhea, or participate in long endurance events may have sodium deficiency. In these cases, good oral hydration may help. In more severe cases, a healthcare professional may need to provide intravenous (IV) saline solution to restore hydration and electrolytes.
Last medically reviewed on August 18, 2016
How we reviewed this article:
Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations.
We avoid using tertiary references. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.
- About sodium (salt). (2015, December 8)
heart.org/HEARTORG/HealthyLiving/HealthyEating/Nutrition/About-Sodium-Salt_UCM_463416_Article.jsp#.V6o8NLQye20 - Health Risk and Disease Related to Salt and Sodium. (n.d.)
hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/salt-and-sodium/sodium-health-risks-and-disease/ - Higdon, J. (2008, November). Sodium (chloride)
lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/minerals/sodium –
sources - Safety with Salt: Sodium Chloride Safety Informtion. (2015, April 10)
msdsonline.com/blog/health-safety/2015/04/10/safety-with-salt-sodium-chloride-safety-information - Sodium chloride inhalation solution. (2014, September)
dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=34375b61-0af7-4ed9-8bdb-0538ecc9068c - Sodium: the facts. (2016, April)
cdc.gov/salt/pdfs/sodium_fact_sheet.pdf
(2016, April)Share this article
Medically reviewed by Judith Marcin, M.D. — By Julia Haskins — Updated on September 29, 2018
Read this next
- 6 Little-Known Dangers of Restricting Sodium Too Much
By Hrefna Palsdottir, MS
It’s often recommended to reduce sodium to lower blood pressure. Here are 6 reasons why restricting sodium too much can be harmful.
READ MORE
- Are Pickles Good for You?
Medically reviewed by Natalie Butler, R.D., L.D.
People talk about the health benefits of pickles, citing weight loss, diabetes management, and even anticancer properties, too. Here, learn what’s…
READ MORE
- Eating with High Blood Pressure: Foods and Drinks to Avoid
Diet can have a big impact on your blood pressure. We look at key foods that increase your blood pressure, as well as foods to eat and to avoid to…
READ MORE
- 6 Low-Sodium Foods to Improve Your Heart Health
Medically reviewed by Natalie Olsen, R.
D., L.D., ACSM EP-CToo much salt in your diet can lead to high blood pressure, which is difficult for a person to detect, especially at first. Learn about foods with low…
READ MORE
- Hyponatremia: Understanding Low Blood Sodium
Medically reviewed by Meredith Goodwin, MD, FAAFP
Low blood sodium, or hyponatremia, occurs when water and sodium are out of balance in your body. It can cause weakness, headache, nausea, and muscle…
READ MORE
- Sodium Bicarbonate Supplements and Exercise Performance
By Alina Petre, MS, RD (NL) and Katey Davidson, MScFN, RD, CPT
Sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) has benefits for physical performance. It can increase strength, coordination, and high intensity exercise…
READ MORE
- Kosher Salt: What It Is, Vs. Other Types of Salt, and More
By Rachael Ajmera, MS, RD
If you’ve ever wondered, “What is kosher salt?” look no further than this article. We compare different types of salt so you can tell the difference…
READ MORE
- Blood Sodium Test
Medically reviewed by University of Illinois
A sodium blood test is a routine test that allows your doctor to see how much sodium is in your blood.
It’s also called a serum sodium test.READ MORE
- Is Sodium Nitrate Bad for You?
Medically reviewed by Peggy Pletcher, M.S., R.D., L.D., CDE
Most of us are aware that food companies use additives to extend the shelf life of their products. But how many of us know what these preservatives…
READ MORE
- LetsGetChecked Review 2023: What Do These Tests Show?
At-home biomarker tests can screen for fertility, heart health, STIs, and certain cancers. Read on to see if it’s right for you.
READ MORE
D., L.D., ACSM EP-C
It’s also called a serum sodium test.📜 Instructions for use Sodium chloride 💊 Composition of the drug Sodium chloride ✅ Use of the preparation Sodium chloride 📅 Storage conditions Sodium chloride ⏳ Expiration date Sodium chloride Save Search for analogues Product description Sodium chloride Based on the approved instructions for use of the drug and prepared for the electronic edition of the Vidal handbook 2011, last updated: 2022. Marketing authorization holder: BAXTER, S.L. Manufactured:BIEFFE MEDITAL, S.A. (Spain) ATX code: B05BB01 (Electrolytes) Active substance: Ph.Eur. European Pharmacopoeia Dosage forms
Release form, packaging and composition |
04.12
0.9%: fl. 50 ml 50 pcs.
9% clear, colorless.
Compensates for sodium deficiency in various pathological conditions of the body and temporarily increases the volume of fluid circulating in the vessels.
| E86 | Decreased fluid volume (including dehydration, hypovolemia) |
| E87.1 | Hypoosmolarity and hyponatremia |
| Z51.4 | Preparatory procedures for subsequent treatment or examination, not elsewhere classified |
Dosing regimen
Intravenously (usually by drip). The required dose can be calculated in mEq or mmol sodium, mass of sodium ions or mass of sodium chloride (1 g NaCl = 394 mg, 17.1 mEq or 17.1 mmol Na and Cl).
The dose is determined depending on the patient’s condition, body fluid loss, Na + and Cl-, age, body weight of the patient. Serum and urinary electrolyte concentrations should be closely monitored.
The dose of sodium chloride solution for adults is 500 ml to 3 liters per day.
The dose of sodium chloride solution for children is from 20 ml to 100 ml per day per kg of body weight (depending on age and total body weight). The rate of administration depends on the condition of the patient.
The recommended dose when used for dilution and dissolution of parenterally administered drugs (as a basic solvent solution) is in the range from 50 ml to 250 ml per dose of the drug administered. In this case, the dose and rate of administration of the solution are determined by the recommendations for the use of the administered drug.
Side effects
Acidosis, hyperhydration, hypokalemia.
When used correctly, unwanted effects are unlikely.
When using sodium chloride solution 0.9% as a base solution (solvent) for other drugs, the likelihood of side effects is determined by the properties of these drugs. In this case, if adverse reactions occur, the administration of the solution should be suspended, the patient’s condition should be assessed, adequate measures taken, and the remaining solution should be saved for analysis, if necessary.
If any of the side effects listed in the instructions get worse, or if you notice any other side effects not listed in the instructions, tell your doctor.
Contraindications for use
- hypernatremia, acidosis, hyperchloremia, hypokalemia, extracellular overhydration;
- circulatory disorders threatening cerebral and pulmonary edema;
- cerebral edema, pulmonary edema, acute left ventricular failure, concomitant administration of corticosteroids in high doses.
When adding other drugs to the solution, contraindications to these drugs must be taken into account.
With caution: decompensated chronic heart failure, arterial hypertension, peripheral edema, preeclampsia, chronic renal failure (oligo-, anuria), aldosteronism and other conditions associated with sodium retention in the body.
Use in pregnancy and lactation
The solution can be administered during pregnancy and lactation.
Use for impaired renal function
Precautions: chronic renal failure (oligo-, anuria).
Use in children
In children, sodium excretion may be slowed down due to the immaturity of kidney function. Therefore, in such patients, repeated infusions should be carried out only after determining the concentration of sodium in the plasma.
Special instructions
During any infusion, it is necessary to monitor the patient’s condition, clinical and biological parameters, it is especially important to evaluate plasma electrolytes. In children, the immaturity of kidney function may slow sodium excretion. Therefore, in such patients, repeated infusions should be carried out only after determining the concentration of sodium in the plasma.
Use only a clear solution, free of visible impurities, unless the packaging is damaged. Enter immediately after connecting to the infusion system. Do not use series connection of plastic containers. This can lead to an air embolism due to the suction of air remaining in the first container, which can occur before the solution from the next container arrives.
The solution should be administered using sterile equipment in compliance with the rules of asepsis and antisepsis. To prevent air from entering the infusion system, it should be filled with solution, releasing the residual air from the container completely. You can add other drugs to the solution before or during the infusion by injection into the area of the container specially designed for this.
As with all parenteral solutions, the compatibility of the added substances with the solution must be determined before reconstitution.
Must not be used with sodium chloride solution 0.9% preparations known to be incompatible with it. The compatibility of the added medicinal substances with a solution of sodium chloride 0.9% should be determined by the doctor by checking for a possible change in color and / or the appearance of a precipitate, insoluble complexes or crystals.
Before adding, it must be determined whether the substance to be added is soluble and stable in water at a pH level similar to sodium chloride solution 0.
9%.
When adding the drug, it is necessary to determine the isotonicity of the resulting solution before infusion. Before adding drugs to the solution, they must be thoroughly mixed in compliance with the rules of asepsis. The prepared solution should be administered immediately after preparation, do not store!
The addition of other drugs or improper administration technique may cause fever due to possible ingestion of pyrogens. In case of development of undesirable reactions, it is necessary to immediately stop the introduction of the solution. Before using the solution, the container should not be removed from the outer protective polypropylene / polyamide bag in which it is placed, as it maintains the sterility of the drug.
Instructions for use of containers Viaflo (Viaflo)
1. Opening the package.
a. Remove the Viaflo container from the outer pouch immediately before use.
b. Squeezing the container tightly, it is necessary to check it for its integrity.
If mechanical damage is found, the container should be discarded, as sterility may be compromised.
in. Check the solution for transparency and the absence of inclusions. The container should be discarded if the transparency is broken or there are inclusions.
2. Preparation for use.
Use sterile materials to prepare and administer the solution, a. Hang the container from the loop to the tripod.
- take the small winglet on the mouth of the outlet port with one hand,
- hold the large winglet on the lid with the other hand and twist,
- the lid will open.
in. When setting up an infusion system, you should follow the rules of antiseptics.
d. Install the infusion set according to the instructions for connecting, filling the set, and injecting the solution, which are contained in the instructions for the system.
3. Adding other drugs to the solution.
Caution: Added drugs may not be compatible with the solution.
To add before administration:
a. Disinfect the drug injection area on the container (drug injection port).
b. Using a syringe with a 19 needle-22 sizes (1.10-0.70 mm), make a puncture in this area and inject the drug.
in. Thoroughly mix the drug with the solution. For drugs with a high density, such as potassium chloride, carefully inject the drug through the syringe, holding the container so that the injection port is on top (upside down), then mix.
Caution: do not store containers in which drugs have been added.
To add the drug during administration:
a. Move the system clamp that regulates the supply of the solution to the “Closed” position.
b. Disinfect the drug injection area on the container (drug injection port).
in. Using a syringe with a 19-22 gauge needle (1.10-0.70 mm), make a puncture in this area and inject the drug.
Remove the container from the rack and/or turn it upside down.
e.
Purge air from both ports.
e. Thoroughly mix the preparation with the solution.
f. Return the container to the working position, move the clamp of the system to the “Open” position and continue the introduction.
Dispose of containers after one use. Each unused dose should be discarded.
Do not reconnect partially used containers (regardless of the amount of solution remaining in them).
Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and mechanisms
Not described.
Overdose
Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, thirst, reduced salivation and tearing, sweating, fever, tachycardia, increased blood pressure, renal failure, peripheral edema, pulmonary edema, respiratory arrest, headache, dizziness, restlessness, irritability, weakness, muscle cramps and rigidity, generalized convulsions, coma and death. Excessive administration of the solution can cause hypernatremia.
Excessive intake of chloride in the body can lead to hyperchloric acidosis.
When used as a stock solution for the dilution and dissolution of other drugs, overdosing symptoms and complaints are most often related to the properties of the drugs administered.
In case of inadvertent overdose of the solution, treatment should be discontinued and the patient’s condition assessed.
Treatment: symptomatic.
Drug interactions
Not described.
When mixing with other medicinal products, compatibility must be checked visually. To do this, you should observe the resulting solution for a change in its color and / or precipitation, the appearance of crystals, insoluble complexes. It is also necessary to take into account the instructions for use of the added drugs.
Storage conditions of the drug Sodium chloride
At temperatures not exceeding 25°C. Keep out of the reach of children.
Shelf life of the drug Sodium chloride
Shelf life: 50 ml – 18 months; 100 ml – 2 years; 250,500 and 1000 ml – 3 years.
Terms of sale
By prescription.
Keep
If you want to place a link to the description of this drug – use this code
Sodium chloride . Description of the drug in the reference book Vidal.
Sodium chloride – the most important chemical reagent
Sodium chloride is the basis of table salt, the most popular seasoning for food. In addition, the sodium salt of hydrochloric acid is consumed by industry in millions of tons for various purposes.
Properties of sodium chloride
NaCl is a crystal with a cubic ionic lattice. Crystals are colorless and odorless, with a pronounced salty taste. Sodium chloride is water-soluble, not hygroscopic. Soluble in ammonia, ethyl and methyl alcohol, formic acid, glycerin, ethylene glycol. Insoluble in acetone, hydrochloric acid, diethyl ether.
An aqueous solution of sodium chloride freezes at temperatures below zero.
Due to this property, the chemical reagent has been used for a long time as an anti-icing agent on roads and sidewalks (now this method is considered environmentally harmful and is used less and less). The use of a mixture of finely chopped ice and table salt as an effective and simple coolant, capable of lowering the temperature of the mixture by a couple of tens of degrees, is based on the same property.
Sodium chloride in nature and human life
NaCl is very important for humans: we need it for the absorption of nutrients during digestion; our blood is largely saline; sodium chloride is one of the most important sources of mineral raw materials for the chemical industry.
In nature, sodium chloride is found in sea water, salt lakes, in saline underground waters, in fossil form (halite, rock salt). Halite is the mineral form of NaCl. Sometimes halite is called rock salt, but this is not true. Rock salt is a sedimentary rock containing 90% halite and impurities of iron, gypsum, magnesite, talc, bitumen, compounds of potassium, calcium, magnesium, iodine, bromine, boron.
Each rock salt deposit has its own unique composition.
Sea salt, obtained by evaporating sea water, contains more impurities of chemical elements, minerals and salts that are vital for humans than rock salt. It contains only 77.8% sodium chloride. It has a bitter taste and is used mainly in medicine and cooking.
NaCl 9 application0343
– The chemical is used to produce more than one and a half thousand substances and materials, ranging from metallic sodium and chlorine to soda, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, herbicides for agriculture.
– Table salt – a finished product, consisting of 97 percent or more of NaCl, is used in the food industry. The higher the sodium chloride content, the higher the grade of salt. Specialized grades are also produced with micronutrient additions, such as iodized salt. Edible salt is used as a seasoning in food, as a preservative.
– In industrial and semi-industrial water treatment for the regeneration of ion-exchange resins in sodium-cation exchange filters.