Vitamin C Serum: Best Products, Benefits, Side Effects, How to Use

What Is a Vitamin C Serum Exactly, and What’s in It?

A vitamin C serum is a skin-care product packed with vitamin C. It has the consistency of a liquid or gel, and is applied topically to the skin. You’ll find these serums wherever you normally purchase skin-care products — at department stores, beauty stores, and some drugstores, too. On the packaging, you’ll likely see words touting skin benefits like “firming,” “brightening,” and “collagen boosting.” People add vitamin C serum to their skin-care routines to tap into those benefits.

“The benefit of vitamin C is it’s an antioxidant, so it helps prevent the forming of free radicals, which go on to break down collagen and elastin,” Dr. Saedi says. The result, she says, is glowing, youthful skin.

What’s the Research Behind Vitamin C and Vitamin C Serums?

Nutritionally speaking, vitamin C is hugely important. It’s essential for growth and development, playing a role in forming and repairing body tissue, and it provides antioxidants that fight the free radicals that contribute to diseases like cancer, heart disease, and arthritis.

All fruits and vegetables contain some vitamin C, but you’ll source the most from produce like cantaloupes, oranges, broccoli, and Brussels sprouts.

Vitamin C is naturally present in the skin, where it boosts collagen production and antioxidant levels. It may protect the skin against damage from UV light rays (especially when used alongside vitamin E).

Vitamin C also maintains the skin’s barrier, which keeps irritants out of your skin, and aids in water retention for proper skin hydration.

Great, right? By now you may be thinking about how to increase vitamin C in your diet to reap these benefits. Unfortunately, simply eating more oranges and cantaloupe isn’t going to cut it. That’s because the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin, doesn’t have blood vessels to send nutrients to the skin cells, research notes.

Vitamin C can, however, be applied topically — and that’s where vitamin C serums come in. “Vitamin C is best known for its ability to neutralize free radicals and improve aging skin,” says Joel Schlessinger, MD, a dermatologic surgeon in Omaha, Nebraska. “It can also improve collagen and elastin synthesis — which can improve the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles; help reduce inflammation, provide natural, mild exfoliation; and brighten skin.”

Research has shown the effectiveness of topical application. One study found that topical vitamin C increased collagen production among study participants in all age groups.

The study participants noticed the effects after 40 days of treatment, and found they were even more pronounced at the 60-day mark.

Topical vitamin C can also help with melasma and hyperpigmentation. According to past research, participants saw an average improvement of 73 percent in skin pigmentation after at least one month of applying vitamin C (along with a sunscreen and mandelic or malic acid) to the face.

Who Should Use a Vitamin C Serum on Their Skin?

Research suggests that vitamin C may help protect the skin from many issues, including sunburn, photoaging, hyperpigmentation, wrinkles, sagging, dryness, and an uneven skin tone.

Anyone dealing with these skin issues may want to consider adding a vitamin C serum to their skin-care regimen. But it’s a good idea to get started even if these issues haven’t crept up yet. The best time to deal with the visible signs of aging is before they occur, Dr. Schlessinger says.

Saedi recommends vitamin C serums for people of all ages because virtually everyone is at risk of sun damage, and with vitamin C serums “we are minimizing the amount of sun damage that our skin’s getting from sunlight,” she says. She says it does double duty, both protecting the skin and helping problem areas recover. “It’s preventive in that it’s protecting you from sun damage and signs of aging like wrinkles,” Saedi says. “It also helps promote collagen and boost your natural collagen formation.”

Expert Tips for Choosing a High-Quality Vitamin C Serum

You’ll find vitamin C in a few different forms, including L-ascorbic acid, ascorbyl-6-palmitate, and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, notes research.

L-ascorbic acid is the most researched and the most biologically active (or effective), according to the study authors.

The price of these serums can vary greatly, from about $10 to $250 per ounce. How do you choose? Pay attention to the vitamin C concentration levels (usually referred to as L-ascorbic acid or ascorbic acid on the label, Schlessinger says). Some may have 10 percent, while others may have 15 or 20 percent. Look for one with a concentration higher than 8 percent, which is the minimum amount considered biologically significant.

The higher the concentration, the stronger the serum, though the benefits taper off after 20 percent.

“Twenty percent is where it maxes out — you’re not going to get anything more powerful than that,” Saedi says.

When choosing your product, look for one that also contains vitamin E, which helps deliver vitamin C more effectively.

In addition, C helps E transform into its more active form, enhancing the duo’s ability to quell free radicals.

“When vitamin C and E are combined, they work together to provide very powerful antioxidant protection,” Schlessinger says.

Ferulic acid is also a good addition to your skin-care routine — it helps stabilize vitamin C, which makes it less likely to irritate the skin.

“When these vitamins [C and E] work with ferulic acid, they enhance one another’s stability to ensure maximum benefits are achieved,” Schlessinger adds.

How to Use a Vitamin C Serum and Reap Its Benefits

Saedi says to apply a few drops of serum to your face after you wash and dry it. “A little bit goes a really long way,” she says. She recommends putting it on every morning, all year round. “It has some benefits with sun exposure, so it helps to apply it in the morning as the first layer of protection,” she says. She says to then layer on your moisturizer and sunscreen. Serums are better than drops of vitamin C “boosters” added to your moisturizer, Saedi says. Vitamin C drops may not be as potent as serums, and mixing them with moisturizer may dilute the effects.

Store your bottle in a cool, dark place away from extreme heat, such as a bathroom cabinet, as opposed to on your counter. “Storing a vitamin C serum correctly is integral to its success,” Schlessinger says. “A good rule of thumb is to toss the serum six months after it’s been opened and to keep the serum in a cool, dark place.” If you’re using it according to the instructions, it’ll likely be gone before the six months is up. If not, you’ll want to throw it out. “When vitamin C is used past its shelf life, it can actually have negative effects,” Schlessinger says. More on that next.

Potential Side Effects and Risks of Vitamin C Serums

Vitamin C is a safe and generally well-tolerated ingredient. “The only risk is that some of these serums have so many different ingredients in them,” Saedi says, adding that these extra ingredients may result in an allergic reaction in some people.

Most of the research mentioned above reported that study subjects had no irritation or negative reactions. The only exception was those with sensitive skin. One study found that 6 percent of participants experienced itchiness, which the researchers said was likely due to the acidity of vitamin C.

Schlessinger says people with very sensitive skin should consult with a dermatologist before use, since potent forms of vitamin C can sometimes irritate sensitive skin.

Vitamin C serum may result in yellowing of the skin or clothes, stinging, or dryness, though those effects are rare.

Take caution when applying around the eyes.

Which Vitamin C Serums to Buy? Dermatologists Name Their Clients’ Favorites

SkinCeuticals C E Ferulic With 15% L-Ascorbic Acid ($166, Skinceuticals.com) is “tried and true,” says Saedi, who notes it has a cult-like following. While it’s expensive, the product has research to back up its benefits.

SkinBetter Science Alto Defense Serum ($160, Skinbetter.com) stars vitamins C and E, along with 17 antioxidants to guard against a range of free radicals and reduce redness.

Drunk Elephant C-Firma Day Serum ($78, Sephora.com) contains 15 percent L-ascorbic acid, plus ferulic acid for a powerful yet lightweight day serum.

Paula’s Choice C15 Super Booster ($52, Dermstore.com) is another high-potency pick with 15 percent vitamin C, along with E and ferulic acid, plus hyaluronic acid to attract moisture for supple skin.

Vichy Vitamin C Serum Brightening Skin Corrector ($22.89, Walgreens.com) boasts minimal ingredients to keep things simple. With ascorbic acid, vitamin E, and hyaluronic acid, this serum may boost skin smoothness and radiance.

The Ordinary Ascorbic Acid 8% + Alpha Arbutin 2% ($11, Deciem.com) offers a budget-friendly way to try a vitamin C serum, and also contains alpha-arbutin, another ingredient that’s touted for its skin-brightening abilities.

Additional reporting by Jessica Migala.

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11 Vitamin C Serum Benefits and How to Use

If you have your head in the skin care game, you’ve likely heard of vitamin C serums.

Vitamin C is touted as one of the best ingredients on the market for pro-aging support — and the key to maintaining a smooth, even, and glowy complexion.

Although you’re probably getting vitamin C in your diet, there’s no way to guarantee it’s going straight to your skin. Using serums and other topical products is the most direct way to reap these benefits.

Read on to learn why you should add vitamin C serum to your routine, how to introduce a new product, and more.

Whether it’s a tried-and-true skin care regimen, how often you wash your hair, or the cosmetics you’re curious about, beauty is personal.

That’s why we rely on a diverse group of writers, educators, and other experts to share their tips on everything from the way product application varies to the best sheet mask for your individual needs.

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There are plenty of benefits to using vitamin C on your skin. For example, vitamin C:

• is safe for most skin types
• provides hydration
• can brighten your skin
• can reduce redness
• can reduce hyperpigmentation
• can reduce the appearance of under-eye circles
• promotes collagen production
• may help prevent sagging
• may protect against sun damage
• may soothe sunburns
• may help wound healing

1. It’s safe for most skin types

Vitamin C has an excellent safety profile. Most people can use topical vitamin C for an extended period of time without experiencing any adverse reactions.

A 2017 review of research notes that vitamin C may cause minor skin irritation in concentrations above 20%. Because of this, its concentration often ranges between 10% and 20% in skin care products.

Vitamin C is also safe to use with other skin care actives, including alpha hydroxy acids, retinols, and SPF.

2. It’s hydrating

According to a 2017 research review, most healthy skin and organs contain high concentrations of vitamin C, suggesting that vitamin C accumulates in the body from circulation.

Review authors noted that topical vitamin C penetrates the skin best in the form of ascorbic acid.

Magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, another vitamin C derivative used in skin care, has been shown to have a hydrating effect on the skin, according to a 2022 review. It decreases transepidermal water loss (TEWL), allowing your skin to retain moisture better.

According to a 2019 study, an antipollution, antioxidant serum containing Deschampsia antarctica extract, ferulic acid, and vitamin C reduced TEWL by 19 percent, improving the skin barrier function.

3. It’s brightening

Vitamin C can help fade pigmentation (more on this below!) and smooth the skin’s surface to reduce dullness. This gives skin a youthful glow.

A 2017 review notes that vitamin C use has been shown to impede melanin production. Melanin is the pigment responsible for skin color.

By inhibiting melanin production, vitamin C can help fade dark spots and hyperpigmentation. It may also help brighten your skin’s appearance.

4. It helps reduce redness and even out your skin tone

Vitamin C has also been shown to act as an anti-inflammatory agent through its antioxidant capacity, according to a 2015 review. This means it soothes your skin and can reduce puffiness.

Vitamin C’s anti-inflammatory action may help:

• neutralize free radicals that cause oxidative damage
• optimize the immune system to discourage an inflammatory immune response

The anti-inflammatory properties of vitamin C can also help reduce redness, which in turn can create a more even complexion.

The combined reduction of dark spots, redness, and irritation makes for a clear, smooth skin tone.

5. It helps fade hyperpigmentation

Since it impedes melanin production, vitamin C can actually fade hyperpigmentation.

Hyperpigmentation — including sunspots, age spots, and melasma — occurs when melanin is overproduced in certain areas of the skin. It can also happen in areas where acne has healed.

Vitamin C inhibits melanin synthesis by downregulating the activity of an enzyme known as tyrosinase. It’s widely used in dermatology for reducing pigmentation of hyperpigmented spots on the skin.

It’s also been used to treat gingival melanin hyperpigmentation (gum hyperpigmentation), though studies are limited.

Dealing with acne? In addition to vitamin C serums, there are other options for treating hyperpigmentation acne.

6. It reduces the appearance of under-eye circles

Vitamin C serums can help smooth out fine lines by plumping and hydrating the under-eye area.

Although vitamin C is more effective at reducing overall redness, some people say it can help alleviate discoloration associated with under-eye circles.

According to a small 2019 study on three treatments for dark circles, vitamin C mesotherapy resulted in a significant improvement in the pigmentation of under-eye circles. However, some participants also reported a burning feeling.

Some other ways to help get rid of under-eye bags include using a cold compress and adding retinol to your skin care routine.

The skin under your eyes is thin and sensitive, so it’s best to stick to products specifically designed for the under-eye area.

7. It promotes collagen production

Collagen is a naturally occurring protein that depletes over time. Lower levels of collagen can lead to fine lines and wrinkles.

Vitamin C is well known for boosting collagen production through the process of collagen synthesis. In fact, collagen synthesis can’t happen without vitamin C.

This is because vitamin C is the essential cofactor for the two enzymes required for collagen synthesis:

• prolyl hydroxylase, which stabilizes the collagen molecule
• lysyl hydroxylase, which provides structural strength

You can also boost collagen production through your diet.

8. It may help prevent skin sagging

Collagen production is tied to skin elasticity and firmness. When your collagen levels begin to drop, your skin may also begin to sag.

Applying a vitamin C serum may boost collagen production, resulting in an overall tightening effect, reports a 2017 review. This is true for sagging due to natural aging, oxidative stress damage, or extreme weight loss.

This means it can help reduce the appearance of sagging skin, making your skin look firmer and more toned.

9. It protects against sun damage

Excessive exposure to oxidant stress via pollutants or ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is associated with depleted vitamin C levels in the skin.

Vitamin C levels are also lower in more mature or photodamaged skin, though researchers are unsure whether this is a cause or effect.

Sun damage is caused by molecules called free radicals. These are atoms with a missing electron. Free radicals search for other atoms from which they can “steal” an electron — and this can lead to significant damage to the skin.

Vitamin C is rich in antioxidants. Antioxidants protect healthy skin cells by “giving” these free radicals an electron, rendering them harmless.

10. It may help soothe sunburns

In addition to minimizing redness, vitamin C accelerates cell turnover, according to a 2017 review. This replaces the damaged cells with healthy new ones.

Topical application of vitamin C, in combination with vitamin E and other compounds, has also been shown to reduce injury due to UV irradiation (aka sunburn), notes the above 2017 review. This combination also decreases the inflammation induced by excessive UV exposure.

It’s important to note that researchers found that vitamin C alone is only minimally effective at reducing sunburn on its own.

11. It generally helps boost wound healing

Given its effects on sunburn, it should be no surprise that topical vitamin C application can speed up overall wound healing. Healthy wound healing reduces your risk of inflammation, infection, and scarring.

In fact, having a deficiency in this key vitamin can make wounds take longer to heal.

A 2017 review found that taking vitamin C supplements had a positive effect on skin healing and growth by boosting antioxidant levels in the body and the skin.

This is partly because wound healing is associated with collagen formation, and vitamin C boosts collagen production.

Although topical vitamin C is generally well tolerated, all skin products have the potential to cause side effects.

You should always do a patch test to assess your risk of allergic reaction. Here’s how:

1. Select a small area of skin that’s easy to conceal, like your forearm.
2. Apply a small amount of product and wait 24 hours.
3. If no side effects occur, you can apply it to your face. Discontinue use if you develop a rash, redness, or hives.

When it’s time for a full application, follow the instructions on the product’s label.

It’s possible to have a skin reaction after repeat exposure, so it’s best to introduce new products one at a time, spaced out by a few weeks.

Vitamin C serum is typically applied once or twice per day. A good rule of thumb is to cleanse, tone, apply vitamin C serum, and then moisturize. Be sure to apply skin care products with clean hands.

It can be safely used with other active ingredients, although using alongside products containing niacinamide may make vitamin C less effective.

According to a 2020 review, a combination of tyrosine, zinc, and vitamin C was shown to increase the bioavailability of vitamin C 20 times more than just vitamin C alone.

Make sure to check your product’s use-by date. If the product has darkened or otherwise changed color, the vitamin C has likely oxidized. Although the product is still safe to use, it no longer carries the same benefits.

Although irritation is unlikely, you should always do a patch test before full application. This is the only way to determine how your skin will react to the serum.

If your skin is especially sensitive, avoid products with L-ascorbic acid. Products with magnesium ascorbyl phosphate may be less likely to cause irritation.

Serum stability is affected by two things: product formulation and packaging.

The following vitamin C derivatives are designed to retain potency for longer:

• L-ascorbic acid
• ascorbyl palmitate
• magnesium ascorbyl phosphate

You should also ensure that the product has a water-free formulation. And the bottle should be opaque and airtight.

You can check out our favorite vitamin C serums organized by how dry or oily your skin is.

Vitamin C can help heal blemishes, reduce hyperpigmentation, and give your skin an out-of-this-world glow.

Consistency is key for maximum effect, so add it to your skin care routine in a way that makes sense for you.

Some people apply it in the morning to take advantage of its UV-protectant properties, while others find that it works best as a night serum. Others apply it twice daily.

Discontinue use if you begin to experience irritation or discomfort.

what is it and how to use

Vitamin C Serum is one of the top most requested products today, according to internet searches. An actual reason to talk about it in detail and with passion is a novelty from La Roche-Posay.

4 minutes

Updated:
12/05/2022

Contents

• What is Vitamin C Facial Serum
• Benefits
• How to use vitamin C serum
• Recommendations for use

What is Vitamin C Facial Serum

Facial Serum is a concentrated, targeted treatment for intensive care. In our case, its active component is vitamin C.

Vitamin C is an effective antioxidant that resists oxidative stress, ie the action of free radicals, extremely aggressive molecules that destroy cells and lead to premature aging.

“Using vitamin C serum prevents the signs of aging of the skin, stimulates collagen production, improves complexion, and makes the skin radiant. After a month of use, you can see a noticeable effect.

However, the creation of an effective cosmetic product based on vitamin C was not an easy task, since when applied externally, this substance loses the lion’s share of its benefits. The main drawback of the vitamin is extreme instability, that is, it quickly oxidizes in air and loses its effectiveness.

Only at the end of the 80s, scientists managed to overcome this shortcoming – the technology of stabilizing the capricious ingredient was discovered, which served as the starting point for the creation of truly effective face products with vitamin C (including serums).

Cosmetics with which vitamins you need – find out by answering the questions of this test.

© Getty Images

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Benefits of

In addition to directly fighting free radicals and oxidative stress, vitamin C:

• slows down the process of destruction of collagen and participates in the formation of its new fibers, that is, it serves as a good prevention of wrinkles;

• strengthens capillaries and improves microcirculation;

• stimulates the synthesis of ceramides, which play an important role in the protective system of the skin;

• controls the production of melanin, preventing hyperpigmentation;

• has a renewing and brightening effect;

• is involved in the synthesis of hyaluronic acid in the skin.

Vitamin C Serum has a multifaceted effect on the skin. © Getty Images

Ingredients

Ascorbic acid is usually the main ingredient in vitamin C serum. They help her:

• antioxidants are the best friends of vitamin C, which enhance its effect and also protect it from oxidation;

• exfoliating ingredients that accelerate cell renewal;

• soothing ingredients are an integral part of formulas for sensitive skin;

• low molecular weight hyaluronic acid for moisturizing and smoothing action.

How long to wait for the result? With daily use, the effect of radiance, elasticity and smoothing of the skin is noticeable after a month. This is the standard course of vitamin C serum use. In any case, you should follow the manufacturer’s recommendations.

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How to use serum

with vitamin C

The algorithm for using vitamin C serum is generally the same as in the case of using other serums. But there are some nuances.

Cleansing

Before applying any cosmetic product, the skin should be cleansed and toned with products appropriate for the skin type.

Application

One dose is 1-2 drops. Vitamin C serums usually come in dropper bottles to make things easier.

Moisturizing

Moisturizing cream is applied 10-15 minutes after the serum.

Protection

Apply SPF before going outside to avoid unwanted pigmentation.

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Recommendations for use

Medical expert of La Roche-Posay Alexander Prokofiev draws attention to the peculiarities of using vitamin C serum.

1. 1

   Vitamin C serums can be used at any time of the day, but preferably in the morning, as the antioxidant properties of vitamin C will be useful in preventing photoaging of the skin (under the influence of ultraviolet rays), as well as in preventing the development of hyperpigmentation.

2. 2

   Serum is best used on its own, rather than added to creams, since vitamin C is incompatible with some ingredients and can be destroyed.

3. 3

   It is possible to combine different serums: the serum with vitamin C is applied first, and after 15 minutes the next product can be used. It is not recommended to use more than two serums during one beauty ritual.

   “Remember that vitamin C is not friendly with retinol and its derivatives, AHA acids, niacinamide, copper peptides. It is not recommended to combine cosmetics with these ingredients and products with vitamin C, it is better to use them on different days.

Face & Neck Antioxidant Skin Renewal Serum Vitamin C10 Serum, La Roche-Posay

This 10% Pure Vitamin C formula focuses on skin radiance. The manufacturer added salicylic acid to the composition, which helps the epidermis to get rid of dead cells faster.

Because La Roche-Posay Laboratories is committed to the well-being of sensitive skin, soothing ingredients have been included in this concentrate:

Serum has a pleasant texture that does not leave a sticky feeling.

Pure vitamin C may change color when exposed to air – darken. This does not affect the effectiveness and tolerability of the drug.

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Vitamin C Serum Guidelines

Vitamin C Serum Guidelines

Vitamin C in cosmetics has the strongest functionality: a powerful antioxidant, protects cells from aging, stimulates collagen synthesis, brightens hyperpigmentation, enhances the protective functions of the skin, helps to even out the microrelief, and gives radiance. It literally transforms the skin of any type!

In this article we will tell you how to get a maximum of
from serum with an acidic (!) Form of vitamin C

⭕Vitamin C – morning vitamin. At concentrations up to 15%, it is best used as part of the day care, as it enhances the skin’s antioxidant defenses.

⭕But if you are just starting to get acquainted with this component, start introducing it in the evening care from 2-3 times a week. Monitor skin reaction and gradually increase frequency until daily use.

⭕ With the first applications of vitamin C, a slight tingling and redness is allowed. In subsequent times, when the skin gets used to the asset, there will be no discomfort.

Apply Vitamin C Serum to clean, dry skin. The ideal option is to apply further care after 20-30 minutes, so that the serum “works” and the pH of the skin is restored.

⭕If the skin is sensitive, after cleansing, first use a basic moisturizing toner (without acids), then wait for the skin to dry before applying vitamin C.

Pair Vitamin C Serum with Vitamin E Serum to synergize and maximize the benefits of both. You can first apply vitamin C to the skin, and then immediately vitamin E, or mix them in the palm of your hand and apply this composition to the skin.

⭕To protect vitamin C from oxidation, sunscreen should be the last step in your skincare routine.

⭕Remember the rules for combining assets in one care:

⠀

• Vitamin C + copper peptide (Copper Tripeptide-1) – do not combine.
• Vitamin C + niacinamide (Niacinamide) – do not combine.
• Vitamin C + retinol (Retinol, Retinyl Acetate, Retinyl Palmitate) – a combination for “advanced”, requires an interval between products and moisturizing serum / essence as a buffer. Better to spread in the morning and evening.
• Vitamin C + acids (AHA, BHA) – not for beginners and not for sensitive skin, also requires a mandatory interval and moisturizing layers between applications. It is best to spread it in the morning and evening.

⭕ To protect the product, store it in a dark, dry, cool place. The best place for open whey is the refrigerator. Use the remedy as soon as possible – within 1-2 months. Make sure that the serum does not change color and smell.

⭕ Vitamin C Acid Serum Options:

from Manyo (10 ml + 1 g) – 10% vitamin C + vitamin complex. Very soft version!

by Purito (60 ml) – 10% vitamin C + moisturizing ingredients.