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What prevents yeast infections. 10 Effective Ways to Prevent Yeast Infections: Expert Guide

by alexxlab

How can you prevent yeast infections naturally. What are the risk factors for developing a yeast infection. When should you see a doctor for yeast infection symptoms.

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Understanding Yeast Infections: Causes and Risk Factors

Yeast infections, medically known as candidal vulvovaginitis, are a common issue affecting many women. These infections occur due to an overgrowth of Candida, a fungus naturally present in our bodies. While yeast infections can be uncomfortable and inconvenient, understanding their causes and risk factors can help in prevention.

Several factors can increase the likelihood of developing a yeast infection:

  • Pregnancy
  • Diabetes
  • Weakened immune system
  • Antibiotic use
  • High-estrogen birth control
  • Use of douches or vaginal sprays

Are certain women more prone to yeast infections? Indeed, some individuals may be more susceptible due to their lifestyle, health conditions, or medications. However, with proper care and preventive measures, the risk can be significantly reduced.

The Importance of Breathable Underwear in Yeast Infection Prevention

One simple yet effective way to prevent yeast infections is by choosing the right underwear. Cotton underwear is often recommended as the best choice for maintaining vaginal health. Why is cotton so beneficial?

Cotton is a breathable fabric that doesn’t retain heat or moisture. This characteristic helps keep the genital area dry, creating an environment less conducive to yeast overgrowth. By allowing air circulation and wicking away moisture, cotton underwear can significantly reduce the risk of yeast infections.

Tips for Choosing the Right Underwear

  • Opt for 100% cotton or cotton-lined underwear
  • Avoid synthetic materials like nylon or polyester
  • Choose underwear with a cotton crotch, even if the rest is made from other materials
  • Consider sleeping without underwear to allow maximum air circulation

The Role of Clothing Choices in Preventing Yeast Infections

Beyond underwear, your overall clothing choices can play a crucial role in preventing yeast infections. Tight-fitting clothes, especially those made from non-breathable materials, can create a warm, moist environment that yeast thrives in. How can you adjust your wardrobe to reduce your risk?

  1. Choose loose-fitting pants and skirts
  2. Opt for breathable fabrics like cotton for yoga pants and leggings
  3. Avoid wearing tight pantyhose for extended periods
  4. Change out of wet or damp clothes promptly after swimming or exercising

By making these simple adjustments to your clothing choices, you can significantly reduce your risk of developing a yeast infection.

Hygiene Practices to Prevent Yeast Infections

Proper hygiene is crucial in preventing yeast infections. However, it’s important to strike a balance – overwashing or using harsh products can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria and yeast in the vagina, potentially leading to infections.

Do’s and Don’ts of Vaginal Hygiene

  • Do: Wipe from front to back after using the bathroom
  • Don’t: Use douches or vaginal sprays
  • Do: Change tampons, pads, and panty liners frequently during menstruation
  • Don’t: Use scented feminine hygiene products
  • Do: Wash the genital area with mild, unscented soap and water
  • Don’t: Use harsh soaps or bubble baths

Is it necessary to douche for cleanliness? Contrary to popular belief, douching is not only unnecessary but can actually increase the risk of yeast infections by disrupting the vagina’s natural balance. The vagina is self-cleaning, and regular bathing is sufficient for maintaining hygiene.

The Impact of Diet on Yeast Infection Prevention

While diet alone may not prevent yeast infections, certain dietary choices can support overall vaginal health and potentially reduce the risk of infections. How can you adjust your diet to promote a healthy balance of yeast and bacteria?

Beneficial Foods for Vaginal Health

  • Yogurt with active cultures
  • Fermented foods like kimchi and sauerkraut
  • Probiotic supplements
  • Foods rich in vitamin C to boost immune function
  • Garlic, which has natural antifungal properties

Can eating yogurt really help prevent yeast infections? While more research is needed, some studies suggest that consuming yogurt with live cultures may help maintain a healthy balance of bacteria in the body, potentially reducing the risk of yeast overgrowth.

Managing Diabetes to Prevent Yeast Infections

For women with diabetes, managing blood sugar levels is crucial not only for overall health but also for preventing yeast infections. High blood sugar levels can create an environment where yeast thrives, increasing the risk of infections.

Steps for Diabetics to Reduce Yeast Infection Risk

  1. Monitor blood sugar levels regularly
  2. Follow a balanced diet as recommended by your healthcare provider
  3. Take medications as prescribed
  4. Exercise regularly to help control blood sugar
  5. Maintain good hygiene practices

How does diabetes increase the risk of yeast infections? Elevated blood sugar levels can increase glucose in vaginal secretions, providing more “food” for yeast to grow. Additionally, diabetes can affect immune function, making it harder for the body to fight off yeast overgrowth.

The Role of Antibiotics in Yeast Infections and Prevention Strategies

While antibiotics are crucial for treating bacterial infections, they can also disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the body, potentially leading to yeast overgrowth. How can you minimize this risk when antibiotics are necessary?

Tips for Preventing Yeast Infections When Taking Antibiotics

  • Only take antibiotics when prescribed by a healthcare provider
  • Complete the full course of antibiotics as directed
  • Consider taking a probiotic supplement during and after antibiotic treatment
  • Increase consumption of probiotic-rich foods
  • Stay hydrated to help flush out toxins

Should you take preventive antifungal medication when on antibiotics? For some women with a history of recurrent yeast infections, healthcare providers may recommend preventive antifungal treatment when antibiotics are necessary. However, this approach should only be taken under medical supervision.

Recognizing Symptoms and Seeking Medical Attention

While prevention is key, it’s equally important to recognize the symptoms of a yeast infection and seek appropriate medical attention when necessary. Early treatment can prevent the infection from becoming more severe and reduce the risk of recurrence.

Common Symptoms of Yeast Infections

  • Itching and irritation in the vagina and vulva
  • Burning sensation, especially during intercourse or urination
  • Redness and swelling of the vulva
  • Vaginal pain and soreness
  • Thick, white, odorless discharge with a cottage cheese-like appearance

When should you see a doctor for yeast infection symptoms? If you’re experiencing symptoms for the first time, if over-the-counter treatments aren’t effective, or if you have recurrent infections, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider. They can confirm the diagnosis and recommend appropriate treatment.

It’s worth noting that some sexually transmitted infections can have similar symptoms to yeast infections. Therefore, professional medical evaluation is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Natural Remedies and Supplements for Yeast Infection Prevention

While medical treatments are often necessary for active yeast infections, some natural remedies and supplements may help prevent recurrences or support overall vaginal health. However, it’s important to approach these options with caution and consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen.

Potentially Beneficial Natural Remedies

  • Tea tree oil (when properly diluted and used externally)
  • Boric acid suppositories (under medical supervision)
  • Coconut oil (for its antifungal properties)
  • Probiotics (both oral supplements and vaginal suppositories)
  • Garlic (both in diet and as a supplement)

Can probiotics effectively prevent yeast infections? While research is ongoing, some studies suggest that certain probiotic strains, particularly Lactobacillus species, may help maintain a healthy vaginal pH and reduce the risk of yeast overgrowth. However, more research is needed to definitively prove their effectiveness.

It’s crucial to remember that while natural remedies can be helpful, they should not replace medical treatment for active infections. Always consult with a healthcare provider before trying any new treatment or supplement, especially if you’re pregnant, breastfeeding, or have any underlying health conditions.

Lifestyle Factors and Their Impact on Yeast Infection Prevention

Beyond specific preventive measures, overall lifestyle choices can play a significant role in maintaining vaginal health and reducing the risk of yeast infections. By adopting healthy habits, you can create an environment less conducive to yeast overgrowth.

Lifestyle Tips for Preventing Yeast Infections

  1. Manage stress through relaxation techniques or exercise
  2. Get adequate sleep to support immune function
  3. Avoid excessive sugar consumption
  4. Maintain a healthy weight
  5. Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water
  6. Avoid sitting in wet clothing, including swimsuits
  7. Change out of workout clothes promptly after exercising

How does stress affect yeast infection risk? Chronic stress can weaken the immune system, making it harder for your body to maintain the proper balance of yeast and bacteria. By managing stress, you can support your body’s natural defenses against yeast overgrowth.

Remember, while these lifestyle factors can contribute to prevention, they’re not a guarantee against yeast infections. If you experience recurrent infections despite following preventive measures, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider to rule out any underlying conditions.

The Connection Between Sexual Activity and Yeast Infections

While yeast infections are not typically considered sexually transmitted infections, sexual activity can sometimes contribute to their development or spread. Understanding the connection between sexual practices and yeast infections can help in prevention.

Sexual Health Tips for Preventing Yeast Infections

  • Urinate before and after sexual activity
  • Clean sex toys thoroughly after each use
  • Avoid sexual activity during active yeast infections
  • Consider using condoms to reduce the risk of passing yeast between partners
  • Be aware that some lubricants or spermicides may increase infection risk

Can men get yeast infections from sexual partners? Yes, while less common, men can develop yeast infections, particularly if they have an uncircumcised penis. In some cases, partners may pass yeast back and forth, leading to recurrent infections. If you suspect this might be happening, both partners should seek medical evaluation and treatment.

It’s important to note that while sexual activity can sometimes contribute to yeast infections, having a yeast infection does not mean you’ve been unfaithful or that your partner has other sexual partners. Open communication with your partner and healthcare provider is key to managing these situations effectively.

Hormonal Influences on Yeast Infections and Prevention Strategies

Hormonal changes can significantly impact the risk of developing yeast infections. Understanding these influences can help women take proactive steps to prevent infections during times of hormonal fluctuation.

Hormonal Factors That Can Increase Yeast Infection Risk

  • Menstrual cycle changes
  • Pregnancy
  • Use of hormonal contraceptives
  • Menopause
  • Hormone replacement therapy

How do hormones affect yeast infection risk? Estrogen, in particular, can promote yeast growth. During times of high estrogen levels, such as pregnancy or when using high-dose estrogen birth control pills, the risk of yeast infections may increase.

Prevention Strategies During Hormonal Changes

  1. Be extra vigilant about hygiene during menstruation
  2. Consider using non-hormonal or low-dose hormonal contraceptives if you’re prone to infections
  3. Discuss yeast infection prevention with your healthcare provider if you’re pregnant
  4. Use vaginal moisturizers or estrogen therapy as recommended by your doctor during menopause
  5. Monitor for symptoms and seek treatment promptly if infections occur

While hormonal changes are often unavoidable, being aware of their impact on yeast infection risk can help you take proactive steps to maintain vaginal health. Always consult with your healthcare provider about the best prevention strategies for your individual situation, especially if you’re experiencing recurrent infections related to hormonal factors.

The Role of Immune Function in Yeast Infection Prevention

A strong immune system plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of microorganisms in the body, including keeping yeast growth in check. Understanding how to support your immune function can be an important part of preventing yeast infections.

Ways to Boost Immune Function for Yeast Infection Prevention

  • Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
  • Get regular exercise
  • Ensure adequate sleep (7-9 hours for most adults)
  • Manage stress through relaxation techniques or mindfulness practices
  • Consider supplements like vitamin C, vitamin D, and zinc (after consulting with a healthcare provider)
  • Limit alcohol consumption and avoid smoking

How does a weakened immune system increase yeast infection risk? When the immune system is compromised, it may be less effective at controlling the growth of Candida, potentially leading to overgrowth and infection. Conditions that weaken the immune system, such as HIV/AIDS, cancer treatments, or certain medications, can increase the risk of yeast infections.

It’s important to note that while boosting immune function can help prevent yeast infections, it’s not a guarantee. If you have a condition that affects your immune system, work closely with your healthcare provider to manage your overall health and develop strategies to prevent yeast infections.

Environmental Factors and Their Impact on Yeast Infection Risk

The environment you’re in can influence your risk of developing a yeast infection. Understanding these environmental factors can help you make informed decisions to reduce your risk.

Environmental Considerations for Yeast Infection Prevention

  1. Avoid prolonged exposure to wet or damp environments
  2. Change out of wet swimsuits or workout clothes promptly
  3. Use breathable, moisture-wicking fabrics when exercising or in hot weather
  4. Be cautious with hot tubs and very hot baths
  5. Maintain a clean, dry environment in your living and working spaces

Can climate affect yeast infection risk? Indeed, hot and humid climates can create conditions that are more favorable for yeast growth. If you live in or travel to such climates, be extra vigilant about hygiene and moisture control.

10 Ways to Prevent Candidal Vulvovaginitis

Written by WebMD Editorial Contributors

Medically Reviewed by Neha Pathak, MD on September 20, 2021

If you’re like 75% of women, you’ll get at least one yeast infection during your lifetime. Half will get two or more.

You’re more likely to get one when you:

  • Are pregnant
  • Have diabetes
  • Have a weakened immune system
  • Take antibiotics
  • Use birth control with high doses of the hormone estrogen
  • Use douches or vaginal sprays

It may not be possible for all women to prevent yeast infections, but here’s what you can do to lower your odds.

  1. Wear breathable underwear. Cotton is your best choice. It doesn’t hold onto heat or moisture. It will help keep you dry.
  2. Keep things loose. Make sure your jeans, skirts, underwear, yoga pants, tights, pantyhose, etc. aren’t too snug. They can boost your body temperature and increase the amount of moisture around your private parts. That raises your chances for a yeast infection.
  3. Don’t douche. “Feminine hygiene products” like douches can disrupt the balance of bacteria in your vagina by removing some of the good bacteria that’s supposed to be there to fight off infections. And skip the scent in feminine products. This includes bubble baths, soaps, sprays, tampons, and pads.
  4. Avoid hot tubs and extra hot baths. Hot and damp are never your friends.
  5. Change out of wet clothes. Don’t sit in a wet bathing suit after you go swimming or damp workout gear after the gym. Change into dry clothes right away.
  6. In the bathroom, always wipe from front to back.
  7. When on your period, change your tampons, pads, and panty liners often.
  8. Manage your diabetes. If you have it, be sure to keep an eye on your blood sugar levels and keep them under control.
  9. Use antibiotics only when you have to. You don’t need them for conditions like a cold, because they don’t do anything against a virus. If you don’t have to, don’t take them.
  10. Eat yogurt that contains active cultures to add to the good bacteria that help your body control yeast.

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9 ways to prevent yeast infections

Learn how to prevent yeast infection with practices like better hydration, probiotic consumption, and vitamin supplementation

Yeast infection prevention | Risk factors | When to see a doctor

Yeast infections are a really common thing that no one really wants to talk about. Why? Well… women just don’t want to. It’s uncomfortable, maybe even embarrassing. Vaginal itching and discharge or pain during intercourse aren’t exactly dinner table topics. But the truth is- yeast infections really are very common. In fact, the CDC reports that they are the second most common type of vaginal infection in women and result in 1.4 million outpatient doctor visits every year. 

Why are yeast infections so common and where do they come from? Yeast infections are an overgrowth of a common fungus we all have on our skin known as Candida. It’s on our skin, in our mouth, in our pelvic region, and basically everywhere to some extent. Certain body conditions or changes may allow an overgrowth of this type of fungus, and that overgrowth in the vaginal area is known as vaginal candidiasis or vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Vaginal candidiasis can present with varying symptoms which may include vaginal itching or soreness, vaginal discharge, pain during intercourse, or pain during urination. These symptoms of a yeast infection are typically mild, but if left untreated, can become severe and cause redness, irritation, swelling, and cracks in the vaginal wall. These symptoms can be indicative of other bacterial conditions or sexually transmitted infections as well, so it’s important to contact your health care provider to make sure it’s not something else.

While yeast infections are common and can occur in anyone, some people are more susceptible. Pregnant women and those who have diabetes are more likely to experience an overgrowth of vaginal yeast. Patients who take hormonal birth control pills, steroids, chemotherapy, or who have a weakened immune system may also be more susceptible. Patients who have recently taken a course of antibiotics are also very susceptible too as the normal bacterial and fungal balance of the body is normally upset by a course of antibiotics.

RELATED: Can men get yeast infections? 

9 ways to prevent yeast infections

There are a number of ways to prevent a yeast infection.

1. Avoid unnecessary antibiotic use

Antibiotics can kill off the healthy bacteria in the vagina, causing an overgrowth of yeast, thus leading to a yeast infection. Antibiotics do not treat viral infections, such as the common cold, flu, or COVID-19. It is important to only take antibiotics as directed by your doctor and only for the prescribed length of time. If you have a known history of yeast infections after antibiotic use, discuss yeast infection treatment options at the time you start the antibiotic therapy so that you will be prepared.

2. Wear cotton underwear

Loose-fitting, cotton underwear is most conducive to a healthy microbiome. Avoid garments that are tight and aren’t as breathable, as well as things like sweaty workout wear. These clothes can create a humid, damp area, which is the ideal environment for Candida overgrowth. Because of this, it is also important to change out of damp or sweaty clothes, like workout clothes or swimwear, quickly.

3. Avoid hot tubs and scalding hot baths

Hot water can foster Candida growth, due to the warm, moist environments. It can also harm the integrity of the skin, making you more prone to sensitive skin conditions.

4. Take probiotics or eat yogurt with probiotics 

Probiotics help balance the gastrointestinal and vaginal microflora. As well as treatment for yeast infections, probiotics are helpful in the prevention of yeast infections. They replace the good bacteria in the digestive tract and other parts of the body to restore balance. The best probiotic to take will be with those containing the Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 bacteria. 

5. Practice good hygiene

Avoid behaviors that may lead to yeast infections, such as poor hygiene. When performing personal hygiene practices, avoid douching, scented vaginal washes or scented lotions, as well as perfumed sanitary products near the genitals, which can throw off the balance of the vagina’s microflora.

6. Avoid sugary and processed foods 

Yeast grows from sugar, so this can cause a surplus of yeast growth. This includes foods high in natural yeast as well such as bread, cheese, fruit, and alcoholic drinks. By not providing yeast its natural food and energy source, you are essentially starving it away.

7. Incorporate foods which are known to inhibit yeast

Eating at least a half cup of yogurt daily can help inhibit yeast overgrowth. Garlic is also a well known natural remedy to yeast, so incorporating that into your diet can be helpful. Cranberry juice or cranberry pill forms may also be helpful at preventing yeast infections. Apple cider vinegar has also been shown to prevent the growth of Candida.

8. Vitamin C strengthens the body’s natural immunity

Vitamin C is a good vitamin for anyone because it boosts your body’s immune system against many opportunistic infections, including Candida. Those with weakened immune systems are more susceptible to yeast infection.

9. Stay hydrated

Drink enough water to maintain healthy skin membranes in the vaginal area, oral cavity, and elsewhere to prevent opportunistic infections of yeast, bacteria, and other organisms

What increases my risk of getting a yeast infection?

Chances are, a woman will get a vaginal yeast infection at some point in her lifetime. In fact, it is estimated that about 70% of women experience at least one in their life. Most of these, nine out of 10 in fact, will be due to a specific strain of Candida known as Candida albicans. Unfortunately, about 8% of women will have recurrent yeast infections, meaning they will continue to suffer from them repeatedly to some extent. It’s hard to track the exact incidence of vaginal yeast infections, because there are many over-the-counter treatments which are effective cures. Thus many of vaginal yeast infections are often under-reported because many women never go to the doctor to seek diagnosis or treatment.

There are some things that put you at a higher risk of getting yeast infections, whether just once or repeatedly. These can include but may not be limited to:

  • Pregnancy
  • Obesity
  • Diabetes Mellitus (high blood sugar)
  • Immunocompromised status (HIV/AIDS/post-transplant)
  • Broad-spectrum antibiotic use
  • Wearing tight clothing which does not allow good air flow to the pelvic area
  • Frequent shaving of the pelvic region
  • Sitting or being inactive for too long in wet clothing or wet bathing suits
  • Bad hygiene habits

There are some common myths around vaginal yeast infections as well. They are not a sexually transmitted infection or sexually transmitted disease, even though sexually active females are more likely to get them. Yeast infections can occur in other places such as the mouth or even in your bloodstream and be life threatening. Having a yeast infection does not mean you are “unclean,” but you may need to make adjustments in your hygiene routine and products.

When to see a doctor

Vaginal yeast infections, which may be referred to as Candida vulvovaginitis, can be managed by different types of healthcare practitioners including gynecologists, family care providers, primary care providers, or urgent care providers. Typically, they are treated with azole antifungal medications that are either OTC or prescriptions and symptoms resolve in just a few days. 

While yeast infections can be treated OTC many times, there are many scenarios where you should check in with your provider first to make sure treatment is appropriate and that the symptoms you are experiencing aren’t actually indicative of something else, like bacterial vaginosis for instance. This allows for your health care provider to give the best medical advice and best treatment plan. Be sure to disclose all health problems and previous treatments, including sexual health.

If you think your symptoms are consistent with a vaginal yeast infection, you should visit with your doctor if one of the following is also true before treating with an OTC product:

  • You are pregnant
  • You are breastfeeding
  • You are the victim of sexual trauma or abuse
  • This is the first time you have experienced these symptoms
  • You have recently completed treatment for a yeast infection and it has returned 

Your doctor may also need to screen for other diagnoses which have similar symptoms like the presence of foreign bodies, malignancies, sexually transmitted diseases, and the presence of harmful bacteria and bacterial infections. Complicated yeast infections or more severe infections which may have caused severe symptoms such as visible redness and swelling of the vulva, and cracking on the vaginal wall, may require longer treatment (one week or longer) with oral prescription drugs.

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