How should you hold a cane? What side do you hold a cane on? Find the answers in this comprehensive guide on how to use crutches, canes, and walkers for safe mobility and recovery.

Proper Positioning of Crutches, Canes, and Walkers

When using a walking aid, the proper positioning is crucial for comfort and safety. Here’s how to ensure the right fit:

Crutches

• The top of the crutches should be 1-2 inches below your armpits when standing upright.
• The handgrips should be even with the top of your hip line.
• Your elbows should be slightly bent when holding the handgrips.
• Your weight should rest on your hands, not on the underarm supports, to avoid nerve and blood vessel damage.

Canes

• The top of the cane should reach the crease in your wrist when standing upright.
• Your elbow should be slightly bent when holding the cane.
• Hold the cane in the hand opposite the side that needs support.

Walkers

• The walker should be adjusted so that the handgrips are at the level of your wrists when your arms are at your sides.
• Your elbows should be slightly bent when holding the walker.

How to Walk with Crutches

If you need to avoid putting any weight on your leg or foot, you may have to use crutches. Here’s the proper technique:

1. Lean forward slightly and place the crutches about one foot in front of you.
2. Shift your weight to the crutches and take a step forward with your good leg.
3. Bring your body forward slowly between the crutches.
4. Finish the step with your good leg.
5. Move the crutches ahead in preparation for your next step.
6. Always look forward, not down at your feet.

Using Crutches to Sit and Stand

Transitioning to and from a seated position can be challenging with crutches. Follow these steps:

Sitting Down

1. Back up to a sturdy chair.
2. Put your injured foot in front of you and hold both crutches in one hand.
3. Use your other hand to feel behind you for the seat of the chair.
4. Slowly lower yourself into the chair.
5. Lean your crutches in a nearby spot, with the tips facing down to prevent them from falling over.

Standing Up

1. Inch yourself to the front of the chair.
2. Hold both crutches in the hand on your injured side.
3. Push yourself up and stand on your good leg.

Using Crutches on Stairs

Navigating stairs with crutches can be challenging, but with practice, you can learn to do it safely:

1. Hold the handrail with one hand and tuck both crutches under your armpit on the other side.
2. When going up, lead with your good foot, keeping your injured foot raised behind you.
3. When going down, hold your injured foot up in front and hop down each step on your good foot.
4. If there are no handrails, use the crutches under both arms and hop up or down each step on your good leg.
5. If you feel unsteady, it may be easier to sit on each step and move up or down on your bottom.

Using a Cane for Balance and Stability

A cane can be helpful if you have minor problems with balance or stability, some weakness in your leg or trunk, an injury, or pain. Here’s how to use a cane properly:

• Hold the cane in the hand opposite the side that needs support.
• When standing upright, the top of the cane should reach the crease in your wrist.
• Your elbow should be slightly bent when holding the cane.

Safety Modifications for Your Home

To prevent slips and falls when using a walking aid, consider these simple home safety modifications:

• Remove throw rugs, electrical cords, food spills, and other potential tripping hazards.
• Arrange furniture to create clear, wide pathways between rooms.
• Keep stairs free of clutter and consider adding treads to prevent slipping.
• Ensure well-lit rooms and install a nightlight between your bedroom and bathroom.
• Use non-slip bath mats, grab bars, a raised toilet seat, and a shower tub seat in the bathroom.
• Simplify your household and keep frequently used items within easy reach.
• Use a backpack, fanny pack, or apron with pockets to carry things hands-free.

Gaining Confidence and Mastering Your Walking Aid

Using a crutch, cane, or walker may seem challenging at first, but with a little practice, most people are able to gain confidence and use their walking aid safely and effectively. Consider having a friend or family member nearby when you’re first learning, and don’t hesitate to ask your healthcare provider for additional guidance and support.