What are the signs of a potentially dangerous mole. How can you tell if a mole needs medical attention. When should you see a doctor about changes in your moles. What are the characteristics of normal vs abnormal moles. How often should you check your skin for suspicious moles.

Understanding Moles: What Are They and Why Do We Have Them?

Moles, also known as nevi, are common skin growths that appear as small, colored spots on the skin. They develop when pigment-producing cells in the skin, called melanocytes, grow in clusters or clumps.

Why do we have moles? Moles are a natural part of our skin’s landscape and serve several purposes:

• Protection: Moles contain melanin, which helps protect the skin from harmful UV rays.
• Genetic markers: The number and placement of moles can be influenced by genetics.
• Uniqueness: Moles contribute to our individual appearance and can be considered beauty marks.

Most people have between 10 and 40 moles on their body. The number of moles a person has can change throughout their lifetime, with new moles appearing and existing ones fading or disappearing.

Types of Moles

There are several types of moles, each with distinct characteristics:

1. Common moles: Round or oval, with a smooth edge and a single color (usually brown, tan, or pink).
2. Atypical moles (dysplastic nevi): Larger than common moles, with irregular borders and multiple colors.
3. Congenital moles: Present at birth, these can vary in size and appearance.
4. Acquired moles: Develop after birth, often due to sun exposure or hormonal changes.

Normal Mole Characteristics: What’s Considered Harmless?

Most moles are harmless and do not require medical attention. But how can you tell if a mole is normal? Here are the characteristics of typical, benign moles:

• Shape: Round or oval with well-defined borders
• Size: Usually smaller than 6mm in diameter (about the size of a pencil eraser)
• Color: Uniform color, typically brown, tan, or pink
• Texture: Smooth or slightly raised
• Symmetry: Two halves of the mole match if you draw an imaginary line through the center

It’s important to note that normal moles can vary in appearance, especially on different skin tones. On darker skin, moles may appear darker and be less noticeable. However, the basic characteristics of benign moles remain consistent across all skin types.

Changes in Moles Over Time

Even normal moles can undergo some changes throughout a person’s life. These changes are typically gradual and not cause for immediate concern:

• New moles may appear, especially during childhood and adolescence
• Existing moles may become slightly raised or change color over time
• Some moles may fade or disappear as you age
• Moles can become slightly darker during pregnancy due to hormonal changes

While these changes are generally normal, it’s essential to monitor your moles regularly and be aware of any sudden or significant alterations.

Warning Signs: When Should You Be Concerned About a Mole?

While most moles are harmless, some can develop into melanoma, a serious form of skin cancer. Early detection is crucial for successful treatment. But how can you tell if a mole is potentially dangerous?

The ABCDE rule is a helpful guide for identifying suspicious moles:

• Asymmetry: One half of the mole doesn’t match the other half
• Border: Irregular, jagged, or scalloped edges
• Color: Multiple colors or uneven distribution of color
• Diameter: Larger than 6mm (about the size of a pencil eraser)
• Evolving: Changes in size, shape, or color over time

In addition to the ABCDE rule, other warning signs include:

• Itching, bleeding, or crusting of the mole
• A mole that feels different from your other moles
• A new mole appearing after age 30
• A mole that stands out as different from your other moles (known as the “ugly duckling” sign)

If you notice any of these signs, it’s important to consult a dermatologist or healthcare provider for a professional evaluation.

The Importance of Regular Skin Checks: How Often Should You Examine Your Moles?

Regular self-examination of your skin is crucial for early detection of potentially cancerous moles. But how often should you perform these checks?

Dermatologists recommend conducting a thorough skin self-examination once a month. This frequency allows you to become familiar with your skin’s normal appearance and quickly notice any changes.

How to Perform a Skin Self-Examination

1. Examine your body front and back in a full-length mirror
2. Check your sides with your arms raised
3. Look at your forearms, underarms, palms, and backs of your hands
4. Examine your legs, including between your toes and the soles of your feet
5. Use a hand mirror to check your back, neck, and scalp

During these self-examinations, pay special attention to areas that receive more sun exposure, as these are at higher risk for developing skin cancer.

Professional Skin Examinations

In addition to regular self-examinations, it’s recommended to have a full-body skin examination by a dermatologist annually, especially if you have a history of skin cancer or are at higher risk due to factors such as fair skin, numerous moles, or a family history of melanoma.

Risk Factors for Developing Problematic Moles

While anyone can develop problematic moles, certain factors can increase your risk. Understanding these risk factors can help you determine how vigilant you need to be in monitoring your moles.

• Sun exposure: Excessive UV radiation from the sun or tanning beds can damage skin cells and increase the risk of mole abnormalities.
• Fair skin: People with lighter skin tones are more susceptible to sun damage and have a higher risk of developing atypical moles.
• Number of moles: Having more than 50 common moles or any atypical moles increases your risk.
• Family history: If you have close relatives who have had melanoma, your risk is higher.
• Personal history: If you’ve had melanoma or non-melanoma skin cancer before, you’re at increased risk for developing it again.
• Weakened immune system: Conditions or medications that suppress the immune system can increase your risk of developing problematic moles.
• Age: While melanoma can occur at any age, the risk increases as you get older.

If you have one or more of these risk factors, it’s especially important to be diligent about skin self-examinations and regular check-ups with a dermatologist.

Prevention: Protecting Your Skin from Harmful UV Rays

While some risk factors for problematic moles are beyond our control, there are steps we can take to protect our skin and reduce the risk of developing cancerous moles. The most effective strategy is to limit exposure to harmful UV radiation.

Sun Protection Strategies

• Use broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30, even on cloudy days
• Reapply sunscreen every two hours, or more often if swimming or sweating
• Seek shade, especially during the middle of the day when UV rays are strongest
• Wear protective clothing, including long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and wide-brimmed hats
• Use UV-blocking sunglasses to protect your eyes and the delicate skin around them
• Avoid tanning beds and sun lamps, which can be more harmful than natural sunlight

Remember, sun protection is important for all skin types, not just fair skin. While darker skin has more natural protection against UV rays, it can still be damaged by excessive sun exposure.

Vitamin D Considerations

While sun protection is crucial, it’s also important to maintain adequate vitamin D levels, as this nutrient is essential for bone health and may have other health benefits. Most people can get enough vitamin D through a combination of brief sun exposure, diet, and supplements if necessary. Consult with your healthcare provider to determine the best approach for your individual needs.

When to Seek Medical Attention: Navigating Mole Concerns

Knowing when to seek medical attention for a mole can be the difference between early detection of skin cancer and a more serious diagnosis. But how do you determine if a mole warrants professional evaluation?

Situations That Require Medical Attention

• A mole that exhibits any of the ABCDE warning signs
• A mole that has changed significantly over a short period
• A mole that bleeds, itches, or is painful without any apparent cause
• A new mole appearing after age 30, especially if it looks different from your other moles
• Any mole that you’re concerned about, even if it doesn’t fit the typical warning signs

When in doubt, it’s always better to err on the side of caution and have a suspicious mole checked by a healthcare professional.

What to Expect During a Mole Evaluation

If you visit a dermatologist or healthcare provider for a mole evaluation, here’s what you can expect:

1. Visual examination: The doctor will carefully examine the mole, often using a dermatoscope (a special magnifying lens) for a closer look.
2. Medical history: You’ll be asked about your personal and family history of skin cancer, sun exposure habits, and any changes you’ve noticed in the mole.
3. Full skin check: The doctor may perform a full-body skin examination to check for other suspicious moles or skin lesions.
4. Biopsy: If the mole appears suspicious, the doctor may recommend a biopsy. This involves removing all or part of the mole and sending it to a laboratory for analysis.

Remember, most moles that are biopsied turn out to be benign. However, if melanoma is detected early, it has a very high cure rate.

Treatment Options for Problematic Moles

If a mole is determined to be problematic or potentially cancerous, several treatment options are available. The choice of treatment depends on various factors, including the size and location of the mole, whether it’s cancerous, and if so, how deeply it has grown into the skin.

Common Treatment Methods

• Surgical excision: The entire mole and a margin of surrounding healthy skin is removed. This is the most common treatment for suspicious or cancerous moles.
• Shave excision: The mole is shaved off level with the surrounding skin. This method is often used for smaller, raised moles.
• Punch biopsy: A small, round piece of skin is removed, including the mole and some deeper layers of skin.
• Laser removal: While not typically used for potentially cancerous moles, laser treatments can be effective for removing some benign moles for cosmetic reasons.
• Cryosurgery: The mole is frozen off using liquid nitrogen. This method is sometimes used for small, benign moles.

For moles that are found to be melanoma, additional treatments may be necessary depending on the stage of the cancer. These can include wider excision, lymph node biopsy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, or radiation therapy.

Post-Treatment Care and Follow-Up

After mole removal, it’s important to follow your doctor’s instructions for wound care to promote healing and minimize scarring. You may need to keep the area covered and apply antibiotic ointment for a period of time.

If the removed mole was cancerous or precancerous, you’ll need regular follow-up appointments to monitor for any recurrence or new suspicious moles. Your doctor will provide guidance on how often you should be seen based on your individual risk factors.

Remember, having a mole removed doesn’t mean you’re in the clear. Continue to practice sun safety and perform regular skin self-examinations to catch any new or changing moles early.

Living with Moles: Embracing Your Skin’s Uniqueness

While it’s important to be vigilant about monitoring your moles for any concerning changes, it’s equally important to remember that moles are a normal and often beautiful part of our skin. Many people have moles that are completely harmless and contribute to their unique appearance.

Psychological Aspects of Living with Moles

For some individuals, particularly those with prominent or numerous moles, there can be psychological impacts. These may include:

• Self-consciousness about appearance
• Anxiety about the potential for skin cancer
• Stress related to constant monitoring of moles

If you’re experiencing these feelings, it’s important to remember that:

1. Most moles are completely harmless
2. Regular self-checks and professional examinations can catch any problems early
3. Many people find moles to be attractive or distinctive features

If concerns about your moles are significantly impacting your quality of life, don’t hesitate to discuss this with your healthcare provider or a mental health professional.

Celebrating Skin Diversity

Our skin, including our moles, is part of what makes us unique. Many celebrities and models have embraced their moles as distinctive features. For example:

• Cindy Crawford’s facial mole became her trademark
• Morgan Freeman’s moles are part of his recognizable appearance
• Eva Mendes has spoken positively about her facial moles

These examples highlight how moles can be seen as beautiful, distinctive features rather than flaws. Embracing your skin’s uniqueness, including your moles, can be an important part of self-acceptance and body positivity.

Remember, while it’s crucial to be aware of any changes in your moles for health reasons, it’s equally important to appreciate your skin as it is. Your moles are part of what makes you uniquely you.

Moles – NHS

Moles are small, coloured spots on the skin. Most people have them and they’re usually nothing to worry about unless they change size, shape or colour.

Most moles are harmless

Most harmless moles are round or oval-shaped, with a smooth edge

Credit:

SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY https://www.sciencephoto.com/media/259903/view

Moles can be flat or raised and may feel smooth or rough

Credit:

DR P. MARAZZI/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY https://www.sciencephoto.com/media/259947/view

Sometimes moles have hair growing from them

Credit:

Contributor: BSIP SA / Alamy Stock Photo Image ID: MME7MB https://www.alamy.com/nevus-image184710187.html?pv=1&stamp=2&imageid=B33AEE40-FD41-4DE2-BF16-72B8A18E1C94&p=165781&n=0&orientation=0&pn=2&searchtype=0&IsFromSearch=1&srch=foo%3dbar%26st%3d0%26pn%3d2%26ps%3d100%26sortby%3d3%26resultview%3dsortbyRelevant%26npgs%3d0%26qt%3dmole%2520hair%26qt_raw%3dmole%2520hair%26lic%3d3%26mr%3d0%26pr%3d0%26ot%3d0%26creative%3d%26ag%3d0%26hc%3d0%26pc%3d%26blackwhite%3d%26cutout%3d%26tbar%3d1%26et%3d0x000000000000000000000%26vp%3d0%26loc%3d0%26imgt%3d0%26dtfr%3d%26dtto%3d%26size%3d0xFF%26archive%3d1%26groupid%3d%26pseudoid%3d%26a%3d%26cdid%3d%26cdsrt%3d%26name%3d%26qn%3d%26apalib%3d%26apalic%3d%26lightbox%3d%26gname%3d%26gtype%3d%26xstx%3d0%26simid%3d%26saveQry%3d%26editorial%3d%26nu%3d%26t%3d%26edoptin%3d%26bespoke%3d4%26customgeoip%3dGB%26apaid%3d%7b18B189B6-6A83-41BD-8442-2448A6B7E281%7d%26custspecid%3d14369B5F-24B7-4344-B743-D5DE569A1F46%26cap%3d1%26cbstore%3d1%26vd%3d0%26lb%3d%26fi%3d2%26edrf%3d0%26ispremium%3d1%26flip%3d0%26pl%3d

Moles are usually darker on brown and black skin

Credit:

Contributor: EyeEm / Alamy Stock Photo Image ID: WBFD4C https://www. alamy.com/portrait-of-woman-with-headscarf-image265256332.html?pv=1&stamp=2&imageid=50740171-D814-439F-8F04-115BCA386F9F&p=914525&n=0&orientation=0&pn=1&searchtype=0&IsFromSearch=1&srch=foo%3dbar%26st%3d0%26pn%3d1%26ps%3d100%26sortby%3d3%26resultview%3dsortbyRelevant%26npgs%3d0%26qt%3dmole%2520african%2520skin%26qt_raw%3dmole%2520african%2520skin%26lic%3d3%26mr%3d0%26pr%3d0%26ot%3d0%26creative%3d%26ag%3d0%26hc%3d0%26pc%3d%26blackwhite%3d%26cutout%3d%26tbar%3d1%26et%3d0x000000000000000000000%26vp%3d0%26loc%3d0%26imgt%3d0%26dtfr%3d%26dtto%3d%26size%3d0xFF%26archive%3d1%26groupid%3d%26pseudoid%3d%26a%3d%26cdid%3d%26cdsrt%3d%26name%3d%26qn%3d%26apalib%3d%26apalic%3d%26lightbox%3d%26gname%3d%26gtype%3d%26xstx%3d0%26simid%3d%26saveQry%3d%26editorial%3d%26nu%3d%26t%3d%26edoptin%3d%26bespoke%3d4%26customgeoip%3dGB%26apaid%3d%7b18B189B6-6A83-41BD-8442-2448A6B7E281%7d%26custspecid%3d14369B5F-24B7-4344-B743-D5DE569A1F46%26cap%3d1%26cbstore%3d1%26vd%3d0%26lb%3d%26fi%3d2%26edrf%3d0%26ispremium%3d1%26flip%3d0%26pl%3d

It’s normal for:

• babies to be born with moles
• new moles to appear – especially in children and teenagers
• moles to fade or disappear as you get older
• moles to get slightly darker during pregnancy

When a mole could be serious

Some moles can be a sign of melanoma, a type of skin cancer.

Signs of melanoma include:

A mole that’s changed colour or has more than 2 colours

Credit:

DR P. MARAZZI/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY https://www.sciencephoto.com/media/253324/view

A mole with uneven borders

Credit:

DR P. MARAZZI/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY https://www.sciencephoto.com/media/108472/view

A mole that’s bleeding, itching, crusting or raised

Credit:

DR P. MARAZZI/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY https://www.sciencephoto.com/media/97260/view

Non-urgent advice: See a GP if you notice a change in a mole

It’s important to get a new or existing mole checked out if it:

• changes shape or looks uneven
• changes colour, gets darker or has more than 2 colours
• starts itching, crusting, flaking or bleeding
• gets larger or more raised from the skin

These changes can happen over weeks or months.

If the GP thinks it’s melanoma

If the GP thinks your mole is melanoma, you’ll be referred to a specialist in hospital. You should get an appointment within 2 weeks.

The main treatment for melanoma is surgery to remove the mole.

Cosmetic mole treatment

Most moles are harmless. Harmless moles are not usually treated on the NHS.

You can pay a private clinic to remove a mole, but it may be expensive.

How to prevent cancerous moles

UV light from the sun can increase the chance of a mole becoming cancerous. If you have lots of moles, you need to be extra careful in the sun.

It’s important to check your moles regularly for any changes.

There are some things you can do to protect your moles from sun damage, especially during hot weather.

Do

• stay in the shade between 11am and 3pm, when sunlight is strongest

• cover skin with clothes – wear a hat and sunglasses if you have moles on your face

• regularly apply a high-factor sunscreen (minimum SPF30) and apply it again after swimming – read more about sunscreen and sun safety

Information:

Further information

The British Association of Dermatologists (BAD) has more information about sunscreen and how to stay safe in the sun.

Page last reviewed: 22 June 2020
Next review due: 22 June 2023

What to Look For and When to Worry

Keywords

Kevin Dahle, MD






May 19, 2017

Moles are mostly determined by genetics, though sun exposure and tanning bed use can cause you to form new moles or make your existing moles darker. Moles may also change during puberty and pregnancy, as well.

Moles are generally small, pigmented spots on the skin. Moles come in many shapes, sizes and colors. Moles can be raised off the skin or flat. There is a huge variety in the types of moles that a person can have. Moles are classified generally into the following categories:

• Congenital moles. Moles that are present at birth are called congenital moles. Congenital moles are categorized by their size: small, medium and large. Only large congenital moles (greater than 20mm in size) have a significantly increased risk of turning into a skin cancer.
• Acquired moles. Most moles are acquired, meaning they develop after birth. They are typically smaller than a pencil eraser and have even pigmentation and a symmetrical border. Most acquired moles will not develop into a skin cancer.
• Atypical moles. Atypical moles (also called dysplastic nevi) have asymmetrical, irregular borders and often have multiple colors. The pigmentation is often uneven and they can have focal darker areas. Multiple atypical moles can run in families. The more atypical moles that you have, the higher your risk of skin cancer.

When to See Your Doctor About Your Mole

It is important to consult your doctor about any suspicious moles, as these lesions may represent malignant melanoma, a life-threatening type of skin cancer 

Examine your skin every month or two to look for any new or changing moles. If you have a family history of atypical moles or skin cancer or you have numerous moles, you may benefit from seeing a dermatologist for regular skin checks.

When you examine your moles, remember the ABCDEs of melanoma. If you notice any of the following, consult your doctor or dermatologist:

A for asymmetry: A mole in which one half of the mole does not look like the other half

B for irregular border: A mole with a poorly defined or scalloped border

C for varied color: A mole with multiple shades of black, brown, white, red and/or blue

D for large diameter: A mole that is larger than a pencil eraser in size

E for evolving: A mole that is changing in size, shape or color

New moles: A new mole that develops, especially if it appears after your 30s

Bothersome moles: A mole that bleeds, itches or is painful

Removing a Mole

Most moles are harmless. However, if your dermatologist is concerned about one of your moles or you want a mole removed, this can usually be done easily in the clinic.

To remove a mole, your dermatologist will numb the area around the mole and shave or cut it off. Sometimes a few stitches are required. The tissue will be sent to a laboratory to confirm it is not cancerous.

Keep an eye on your moles. The earlier a skin cancer is detected, the easier it is to be treated. 

LiVe Well



Dermatology,


Intermountain Healthcare,


Skin Cancer

Last Updated:
4/20/2020

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Copyright ©2023, Intermountain Health, All rights reserved.

When should I contact an oncologist?

08/30/2020

The skin is the largest human organ that requires close attention. Often people do not betray the great importance of a mole and other formations. But any change is a reason to see a doctor. When it is worth contacting a dermatologist and oncologist, Natalia Olegovna Minina, an oncologist surgeon, head of the outpatient department No. 2 of the N.N. N.N. Petrov (Consultative and diagnostic center).

When should a mole be removed?

If a mole or other formation on the skin increases in size, changes color, or is constantly traumatized, then you need to contact a specialist. For example, a mole or nevus can be located in places of frequent injury – the head, face, neck, axillary area, palms, feet, lower back. Recently, a patient came to us with a small neoplasm on the scalp, which began to bleed when scratched. Another case – in a man, a nevus was often injured when wearing a belt. Such cases are not rare and have direct indications for removal, since they can degenerate into a malignant neoplasm.

When should I schedule a visit to the oncologist?

• Mole has changed color or surface
• You have noticed bleeding from a mole (even a slight one)
• Hair growing on a mole has begun to fall out
• Mole began to grow rapidly and asymmetrically
• Neoplasm of an unusual appearance on the skin
• Mole often injured
• You have found long-term non-healing wounds on the skin

A tandem of oncologists – a surgeon and a dermatologist – will help eliminate the problem in a short time and prevent the development of skin cancer.

Why should a surgical oncologist remove skin tumors?

Moles, nevi, warts, papillomas and other neoplasms often become an unpleasant cosmetic defect. Removal of undesirable phenomena on the skin can solve the problem not only from an aesthetic point of view, but also prevent a malignant disease. However, in order for the operation to go without consequences, it is necessary to contact an oncologist.

Moles and other neoplasms can carry a potential health hazard in terms of oncology. Therefore, they cannot be removed in the office of a conventional surgeon, dermatologist or cosmetologist. Only related specialists can accurately distinguish “good” from “evil” – an oncologist surgeon and a dermatologist-oncologist. At the same time, excision of neoplasms is carried out according to certain rules and strict indications.

Patients often come to us with benign formations – viral warts, convex moles, nevi, papillomas on the legs. Primary consultation is provided by oncologists of two directions – a surgeon or a dermatologist. They examine not only the “problem” place on the skin, but the patient as a whole. By the way, this is also an important aspect – an ordinary surgeon, cosmetologist or dermatologist may not pay close attention to all the patient’s skin neoplasms. Recently, a woman came to me with an injured nevus, and upon examination, she was found to have melanoma on her eye.

After the examination, the doctor may prescribe cytology – a study for the presence of cells with signs of malignant degeneration. If there are no malignant cells, then removal can be done using a laser or radio wave apparatus. If the result shows “evil”, then the oncologist surgeon excised the formation within healthy tissues and sends the material for histological examination to the own laboratory of the N.N. N. N. Petrova.

An ordinary cosmetologist does not conduct a cytological examination, which can lead to sad consequences. Sometimes we are treated by patients who incorrectly or incompletely excised the neoplasm and relapsed. And this is an additional risk of cancer.

There is no need to be afraid of the oncologist’s office – now specialists can help the patient in conditions of one-day surgery, easily and painlessly eliminate the problem and provide qualified assistance.

Why did Petersburgers get sick with skin cancer more often?

The development of one of the most aggressive skin tumors, melanoma, is most often associated with exposure to sunlight. There are an average of 62 sunny days in St. Petersburg per year. However, doctors note an increase in the incidence of skin cancer among residents of the northern capital. Why is this happening? Firstly, before the townspeople went south only in the summer, when the change in climate and exposure to sunlight was not perceived by the body acutely. Now the situation is different – people go on vacation to warm countries, where the sun is quite aggressive, all year round. Such strong and contrasting temperature changes and exposure to ultraviolet radiation adversely affect the skin. In addition, many often neglect the means of protection. However, they can significantly reduce the risk of cancer, especially in fair-skinned people. Protective agents are selected individually, depending on the skin phototype. Creams with an SPF level of 35-50 are usually recommended.

It is worth noting that many citizens also began to visit solariums frequently. But sunbathing under the artificial sun is also risky, because no one guarantees the safety of radiation. The culture of tanning negatively affects the health of many people and leads to the office of an oncologist.

Another factor in the increase in the number of patients diagnosed with skin cancer is early diagnosis. Citizens have become more attentive to their health and more often turn to doctors. This is the right position, because the detection of malignant processes in the early stages increases the chances of defeating the disease. In addition, modern examination methods make it possible to successfully detect precancerous and early oncological pathologies.

If you notice suspicious changes on the skin, we strongly recommend that you consult a doctor. Skin cancer is one of the most aggressive tumors. It is better to prevent the disease.

Author’s publication:
Minina Natalia Olegovna
surgeon-oncologist, head of the outpatient department No. 2 of the N.N. N.N. Petrova (Consultative and diagnostic center)

What do bad moles look like – mole or cancer?

Nevuses, in the common people “moles”, are all people. Some of these marks are perceived by the owners as decorations. Other skin formations act as cosmetic defects, as they look ugly on the surface of the skin. No matter how you feel about moles on your body, you cannot ignore them. After all, such formations can cause a serious disease – skin cancer.

Important: There are congenital and acquired moles. In the first case, nevi are already present on the body of a newborn or appear in the first months of life. Their risk of rebirth is significantly lower than that of acquired nevi, which appear under the influence of various negative factors – hormonal fluctuations, excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation, and the influence of chemical reagents. These are dangerous moles, prone to rebirth, and therefore require regular and close monitoring by a dermatologist.

Mole or melanoma: signs of a malignant mole

There are several types of dangerous skin diseases. The most common of these is melanoma. This is the most aggressive skin cancer that develops from moles. Such a malignant nevus quickly grows into the deep layers of the skin, and its cells with lymph flow and blood flow penetrate into neighboring organs.

The very first signs of degeneration can be detected by the patient himself, using the leaflet, which has received the name “ACORD of melanoma” in the medical community. The abbreviation is deciphered as follows:

• A – asymmetry. Irregularly shaped moles must necessarily cause concern for the patient during an independent examination at home and the professional interest of a dermatologist during the examination of the patient at the appointment.
• K – circuit. Rough edges at the mole, fuzzy and blurry outlines of the visible part of the neoplasm may indicate degeneration or a malignant nature.
• O – color. If the mole has changed color, for example, before the red mole turns black, you should immediately consult a dermatologist, and if necessary, a dermatologist-oncologist.
• P – size. Moles and birthmarks can grow along with the skin. Therefore, proportional changes in the size of the nevus in childhood or adolescence, with an upward change in body weight, should not cause much concern. But if a mole grows in adulthood for no apparent reason, this should alert.
• D – dynamics. Any physiological changes related to the neoplasm should be of concern. For example, if a mole bleeds, crusts, peeling appeared on its surface, it is necessary to show the cause of concern to the doctor.

Even one symptom out of the listed five should prompt a person to visit a specialized dermatological clinic. Only a doctor can make or refute a diagnosis, as well as talk about the rules for caring for a problematic nevus.

Important: Melanoma (moles with abnormal cells) responds well to treatment if the pathology is detected in the early stages. But in the advanced form, the disease is difficult to treat, because the formation can grow deep, the spread of abnormal cells by blood or lymph flow to neighboring organs. In this case, the positive outcome of treatment is significantly reduced, and the risk of death is greatly increased.

Signs and symptoms to be concerned about

In addition to the obvious signs that a mole is bleeding or hurting, there are other symptoms that should alert you.

Signs of melanoma

Test for skin lesions. If the total problematic nevus “scored” 10 or more points, you should immediately contact a dermatologist for examination and further high-precision diagnostics in a specialized clinic.

Basal and squamous cell carcinoma

In addition to melanoma, other life-threatening skin changes can occur. If a build-up, an ulcer that does not heal for a long time is found, it is necessary to undergo a diagnosis.

Important: Carcinoma may not cause pain, so it is especially important not to miss the onset of the pathology.

Test education against the following table:

If the patient scored 10 points in total during self-diagnosis, you should not postpone the visit to the doctor. You need to make an appointment with a dermatologist for an examination as soon as possible.

Which doctor to check a mole: diagnosis

Good and bad moles for an ignorant person, not a specialist, may look similar. Only a specialist, after conducting a series of diagnostic manipulations (hardware examinations, laboratory tests), can say whether the nevus poses a threat to the health and even life of the patient. Therefore, even if you did not find a “suspicious” mole during a regular examination of the skin, do not ignore the recommendations of dermatologists-oncologists, who say that it is necessary to visit a specialized dermatological clinic even if there are no complaints at least once a year for a preventive examination.

How is skin neoplasm diagnosed?

Distinguishing a mole from melanoma is visually difficult even for an experienced specialist. More precisely, any diagnosis requires mandatory confirmation. But a dermatologist can suspect the degeneration of a mole into a malignant tumor. The doctor of this narrow specialization uses professional equipment in his work – a digital dermatoscope, which allows you to check the mole for signs of atypical processes. This device enlarges the nevus several tens of times, so the doctor manages to examine its structure, color, shape in detail.

Examination of moles with a digital dermatoscope will allow you to notice even minor changes and suspect the first signs of degeneration. It is good if a dermatologist makes photofixation of neoplasms and saves the pictures in the patient’s electronic record. In this case, at the next visit, he will be able to compare the pictures and identify the changes that have occurred in the mole.

If a degenerated mole is found, the patient is referred to an oncologist. A doctor who deals with the prevention and treatment of skin cancers draws up a treatment plan that involves the removal of the neoplasm, followed by a histological examination. Only according to the results of laboratory tests, the doctor can make a “cancerous” diagnosis. The doctor may also prescribe other examinations, such as ultrasound or x-rays, to detect the presence of metastases and determine the stage of the disease.

Sometimes a dermatologist may recommend removal of a nevus even if there are no signs of degeneration. For example, if the skin formation is located in the wrong place, where it is often injured by clothing and accessories. In this case, preventive measures are aimed at preventing skin cancer, especially if the patient is at risk.

Benign moles: treatment

In general, benign moles are not recommended to be touched. If the formation does not grow, does not itch, does not affect the aesthetics of the appearance, it is better not to touch it. But if the nevus is constantly injured by underwear, clothing, or accessories, removal should be considered. For example, a benign hanging mole is located on the neck and is “torn off” by a chain, as a result of which it bleeds. Dermatologists view it as a ticking time bomb. After all, the process of rebirth can begin at any time, after another damage.

It is not always possible to remove a skin lesion. Contraindications for the procedure are some cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiency. Moles are not removed during the acute stage of herpes, with pronounced signs of skin allergies.

Where can I go for a safe mole removal?

If you still decide to remove a skin growth that causes psychological or physiological discomfort, consult a dermatologist. It is strongly not recommended to go to one of the beauty salons that offer mole removal services right and left. Only a qualified doctor with the help of special diagnostic equipment will be able to recognize or exclude oncology. For example, the Lazersvit Mole Diagnostic Center in Kiev accepts patients, studies nevi and offers to remove good nevi according to indications by one of the safest and most gentle methods – by means of a laser.

The advantages of this mole removal method are the following:

• The micro-surgery is painless. The impact of the laser is carried out in short pulses, so the pain receptors do not have time to react. The patient does not feel pain.
• No risk of bleeding. The laser beam cauterizes the capillaries, so bleeding does not occur. For the same reason, the risk of infection of the wound is reduced to zero. Pathogenic microorganisms are destroyed in the impact zone.
• No scarring. The laser, as was said, acts aimingly. It burns out neoplasm cells without affecting the surrounding skin surface. Thanks to this, there is no scar or scar left on the skin.
• Minimum period of rehabilitation. After laser treatment, the wound heals quickly. In the first days after the procedure, darkening of the site of exposure, reddening of the skin around is possible. But very soon the sore disappears, and in its place there is a smooth skin surface without traces – the mole disappears forever.

To learn more about safe mole removal, visit a highly qualified dermatologist. We suggest making an appointment with a specialist by contact phone.

Malignant moles: treatment

If, after the performed hardware and laboratory tests, the doctor has identified melanoma in the patient, its removal is also prescribed. This method ranks first among the methods used to treat skin cancer. However, the operation is performed in a specialized hospital. The material after removal is sent for histology. If the patient has metastases, additional treatment is prescribed. In this case, the probability of a complete cure is significantly reduced. Therefore, it is extremely important to detect the disease at an early stage.

How can I protect myself and prevent melanoma?

Although the causes of melanoma are not completely understood, there are recommendations to prevent skin cancer due to a mole. Dermatologists advise to refuse a long stay in the open sun, to avoid injury to formations as a result of contact with tight clothing. Monitor the condition of the nevi on the body. Moles located in “dangerous” places are best removed after diagnosis and confirmation of their safety.

Perform regular self-examination. You can do it while taking a shower. Examine the body in front of a large mirror in good light. You need to pay attention to new birthmarks, bulging formations, changes in the shape and color of moles, non-healing ulcers.

Regular examinations help to understand which nevi are normal and which are dangerous and need additional diagnostics from a specialist.

FAQ

• If there are many moles on the body, should this be taken as a risk factor?

  Until now, many dermatologists believe that a large number of nevi on the skin should be considered as a risk factor for skin cancer. However, it should be remembered that melanoma is equally likely to affect a person who has a dozen moles on his body. Therefore, it is impossible to say unequivocally that a large number of neoplasms is a sign of a predisposition to melanoma. It’s just that people who have a lot of moles need to be more careful about them.

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  Which moles can be removed and which can’t?

  No neoplasms can be removed on their own, especially using aggressive alkaline or acidic substances. This will only lead to a complication – a burn, a scar, a relapse, a rebirth. The decision to remove the mole and the method should be determined by a dermatologist. The most popular treatment method is laser technology.

• Is the appearance of new moles on the body considered a dangerous sign?

  The appearance of new nevi during life is a natural process. In newborns, moles may appear in the first months of life. After 45 years, a lot of age spots appear on the skin. As a rule, most of them are safe and do not cause discomfort. In this case, education should not be touched. It is enough to monitor their condition, visit a dermatologist regularly, so as not to miss a possible moment of rebirth.