Which doctor should you see for testicular pain. When is it time to consult a urologist. What are the common symptoms that require immediate medical attention. How can a urologist help diagnose and treat testicular issues.

Understanding Testicular Pain and Its Significance

Testicular pain, often colloquially referred to as “ball pain” or “nut ache,” is a common yet frequently overlooked health concern among men. Despite its prevalence, many individuals hesitate to seek medical attention due to embarrassment or the misconception that the pain might resolve on its own. This reluctance can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment of potentially serious conditions.

Dr. Jonathan Bingham, a urologic surgeon from Coordinated Health, part of Lehigh Valley Health Network, notes that on average, men wait approximately six months before consulting a doctor after experiencing symptoms of testicular mass or tumor. This delay can significantly impact treatment outcomes and overall health.

Recognizing the Signs: When to Consult a Urologist

Understanding when to seek medical attention for testicular pain is crucial. Here are several scenarios that warrant a visit to a urologist:

• Persistent mild pain in the testicular area
• Sudden, severe pain in the testicles
• Swelling or lumps in the scrotum
• Changes in testicular size or texture
• Pain that extends to the lower abdomen or back
• Discomfort during urination or ejaculation

If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s essential to consult a urologist promptly. Early intervention can prevent minor issues from escalating into more severe conditions.

The Role of Urologists in Diagnosing Testicular Issues

Urologists are medical specialists trained to diagnose and treat conditions affecting the male reproductive system, including the testicles. Their expertise is invaluable when dealing with testicular pain and related issues.

Diagnostic Procedures

When you visit a urologist for testicular pain, you can expect the following diagnostic procedures:

1. Physical examination of the testicles and surrounding areas
2. Ultrasound imaging to visualize internal structures
3. Blood tests to check for hormonal imbalances or infection markers
4. Urine analysis to rule out urinary tract infections
5. In some cases, CT scans or MRIs for more detailed imaging

These comprehensive evaluations help urologists pinpoint the underlying cause of testicular pain and develop an appropriate treatment plan.

Common Causes of Testicular Pain and Their Treatment

Testicular pain can stem from various conditions, each requiring specific treatment approaches. Here are some common causes:

Epididymitis

Epididymitis is an inflammation of the epididymis, the coiled tube at the back of the testicle. How is epididymitis treated. Urologists typically prescribe antibiotics for bacterial infections and recommend rest, ice packs, and anti-inflammatory medications to manage symptoms.

Testicular Torsion

This condition occurs when a testicle rotates, twisting the spermatic cord and cutting off blood supply. Is testicular torsion a medical emergency. Yes, it requires immediate surgical intervention to prevent permanent damage to the affected testicle.

Varicocele

Varicoceles are enlarged veins within the scrotum, similar to varicose veins in the legs. Can varicoceles cause fertility issues. In some cases, yes. Treatment may involve surgical ligation of the affected veins or minimally invasive procedures to improve blood flow and alleviate pain.

Prostate Health and Its Connection to Testicular Pain

While not directly related to the testicles, prostate health can impact overall urological well-being. Urologists often assess prostate health when evaluating testicular pain, as some conditions can cause referred pain in the testicular region.

Prostate Cancer Screening

Regular prostate cancer screenings are crucial for early detection and treatment. When should men start getting prostate cancer screenings. The American Cancer Society recommends discussing screening options with your doctor at:

• Age 50 for men at average risk
• Age 45 for men at high risk, including African Americans and those with a family history of prostate cancer
• Age 40 for men at very high risk (multiple family members diagnosed with prostate cancer before age 65)

Urologists play a vital role in conducting these screenings and interpreting the results.

Urological Issues Beyond Testicular Pain

While testicular pain is a common reason for men to seek urological care, urologists treat a wide range of conditions affecting the male reproductive and urinary systems. Some of these include:

Erectile Dysfunction (ED)

ED is a common condition, particularly among older men, but it can affect males of all ages. What causes erectile dysfunction. ED can result from various factors, including:

• Cardiovascular issues
• Hormonal imbalances
• Neurological disorders
• Psychological factors
• Certain medications

Urologists can diagnose the underlying cause of ED and recommend appropriate treatments, ranging from lifestyle changes to medication or surgical interventions.

Urinary Issues

Problems with urination, such as frequent urination, painful urination, or changes in urine flow, can indicate various urological conditions. What are some common urinary issues that require urological attention. These may include:

• Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
• Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)
• Overactive Bladder
• Bladder or Prostate Cancer
• Kidney Stones

Early diagnosis and treatment of these conditions can prevent complications and improve quality of life.

The Importance of Regular Urological Check-ups

Regular urological check-ups are essential for maintaining overall health, particularly as men age. These routine examinations can detect potential issues before they become serious problems.

Benefits of Preventive Urological Care

Why are regular urological check-ups important. Preventive urological care offers several benefits:

• Early detection of urological cancers, including prostate, testicular, and bladder cancer
• Timely treatment of benign conditions before they progress
• Monitoring of ongoing urological issues
• Opportunity to discuss sexual health concerns
• Education on lifestyle factors that impact urological health

By prioritizing regular check-ups, men can take proactive steps to maintain their urological health and overall well-being.

Overcoming Stigma: The Importance of Open Dialogue

One of the biggest challenges in men’s urological health is overcoming the stigma associated with discussing these issues. Many men feel embarrassed or uncomfortable talking about testicular pain, urinary problems, or sexual health concerns, even with medical professionals.

Breaking Down Barriers

How can we encourage more open dialogue about men’s urological health. Here are some strategies:

• Education: Increasing awareness about the importance of urological health through public health campaigns and educational programs
• Normalization: Encouraging open conversations about urological issues among friends, family, and in media representations
• Support groups: Creating safe spaces for men to discuss their experiences and concerns
• Healthcare provider training: Ensuring that medical professionals are equipped to address these topics sensitively and effectively

By fostering a more open and supportive environment, we can encourage men to seek timely medical attention for urological issues, potentially saving lives and improving overall health outcomes.

Advancements in Urological Care: What to Expect

The field of urology is constantly evolving, with new technologies and treatment approaches emerging regularly. These advancements are improving diagnostic accuracy, treatment efficacy, and patient outcomes.

Cutting-edge Diagnostic Tools

What are some innovative diagnostic tools used in modern urology. Some recent advancements include:

• Multiparametric MRI: Provides detailed imaging of the prostate, aiding in cancer detection and treatment planning
• Genetic testing: Helps identify individuals at higher risk for certain urological cancers
• Biomarker analysis: Improves the accuracy of cancer screenings and treatment monitoring
• Advanced urodynamic testing: Offers more precise evaluation of bladder and urinary function

Minimally Invasive Treatment Options

How are minimally invasive procedures changing urological care. These techniques offer several benefits:

• Reduced recovery time
• Lower risk of complications
• Less postoperative pain
• Improved cosmetic outcomes

Examples of minimally invasive urological procedures include robotic-assisted surgeries, laser treatments for kidney stones, and focal therapies for prostate cancer.

As urological care continues to advance, patients can expect more personalized, effective, and less invasive treatment options for a wide range of conditions.

Lifestyle Factors Affecting Urological Health

While medical interventions are crucial for addressing urological issues, lifestyle factors play a significant role in maintaining overall urological health. Understanding and modifying these factors can help prevent many common urological problems and improve treatment outcomes.

Diet and Nutrition

How does diet impact urological health. A balanced diet rich in certain nutrients can support urological well-being:

• Hydration: Adequate water intake helps flush out toxins and prevents kidney stone formation
• Antioxidants: Found in fruits and vegetables, these compounds may help reduce the risk of certain urological cancers
• Omega-3 fatty acids: May help reduce inflammation and support prostate health
• Fiber: Aids in maintaining healthy bowel function, which can indirectly affect urological health

Conversely, excessive consumption of alcohol, caffeine, and spicy foods can irritate the bladder and exacerbate urinary symptoms.

Physical Activity

Regular exercise offers numerous benefits for urological health, including:

• Improved blood flow to the pelvic region
• Enhanced muscle tone, including pelvic floor muscles
• Better weight management, reducing the risk of conditions like BPH
• Stress reduction, which can positively impact sexual function

What types of exercises are particularly beneficial for urological health. Activities like Kegel exercises, yoga, and low-impact aerobic exercises can be especially helpful.

Stress Management

Chronic stress can negatively impact various aspects of urological health, including sexual function and bladder control. Implementing stress-reduction techniques such as meditation, deep breathing exercises, or engaging in hobbies can contribute to better overall urological well-being.

The Role of Telemedicine in Urological Care

The rise of telemedicine has significantly impacted the field of urology, offering new ways for patients to access care and for urologists to provide consultations and follow-ups.

Benefits of Virtual Urological Consultations

How has telemedicine improved access to urological care. Virtual consultations offer several advantages:

• Increased accessibility for patients in remote areas
• Reduced wait times for appointments
• Convenience for follow-up visits and medication management
• Enhanced privacy for discussing sensitive issues
• Ability to triage urgent cases more effectively

While some urological conditions require in-person examinations, many issues can be initially assessed or monitored through telemedicine platforms.

Limitations and Considerations

It’s important to note that telemedicine has its limitations in urology. Physical examinations, certain diagnostic tests, and surgical procedures still require in-person visits. Patients should work with their urologists to determine when virtual consultations are appropriate and when in-office visits are necessary.

As telemedicine continues to evolve, it is likely to play an increasingly important role in urological care, complementing traditional in-person visits and improving overall patient care.

When Should You See a Urologist? – What to Know

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UUANJ earned the “Center of Excellence” destinction for BPH and Incontinence Care!

UUANJ earned the “Center of Excellence” destinction for BPH and Incontinence Care!

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When it comes to health problems, men are most likely to endure their symptoms longer before going to the doctor than women. Sometimes, it may be because they don’t feel like their condition is serious enough, and other times, they may find it embarrassing to have certain parts of their body checked.

The latter is the case when it comes to testicular issues. According to Urologic surgeon, Dr. Jonatahan Bingham, it takes the average man around six months to see a doctor after symptoms of testicular mass or tumor appear. Dr. Bingham is from Coordinated Health, which is part of Lehigh Valley Health Network.

Here’s when it’s time to visit your urologist:

Signs of prostate cancer

Your symptoms could mean you have prostate cancer, which is one of the most common cancers among men. Prostate cancer does not show noticeable symptoms at an early stage and can only be identified by having prostate cancer screenings. Having said that, you should highly consider going to the urologist if you feel worried about this condition.

Spotting early symptoms of prostate cancer makes it easier to cure. However, this means that you shouldn’t skip your appointments with your urologist to see symptoms and prevent them from becoming more serious.

Testicular pain

When you start to feel constant mild pains in your testicular area, it’s time to consult a urologist. If something doesn’t feel right, you need to have it checked right away to prevent any serious conditions. The urologist can also give you remedies and treatments to alleviate the pain.

Erectile dysfunction

Erectile dysfunction is common, particularly among older men. However, it is also typically tied to other medical issues that can be medical or psychological. When you observe that you have erectile dysfunction, consult the urologist right away to have any possible conditions treated.

Urinary issues

Issues like slowing of the urinary stream, painful urination, frequent urination, and sudden start and stop of the urinary stream are common among men as they grow older. That said, such issues could also be tied to the growth of the prostate gland.

It’s important to address these issues because they can lead to serious problems in the kidney or the bladder in the long run.

Blood in the urine

When you start to see blood in your urine, don’t delay testing and visit your urologist right away. Blood in the urine can signify prostate enlargement, kidney stones, or tumors in the kidney or bladder.

Kidney stones

Kidney stones may not be painful early on, but over time, it can cause excruciating pain and severe health conditions. Prolonging your treatment can lead to serious kidney issues that can be deadly. When you spot these symptoms, visit your urologist to prevent your condition from getting worse.

Conclusion

Men should not be ashamed or embarrassed to talk about testicular issues, especially if it’s for medical concerns. Visiting the urologist when symptoms first appear is essential to avoid any serious condition. More importantly, doing so will help relieve pain and stop issues that can be worrisome from appearing again.

We care about your health! Our team of expert urologists in New Jersey is more than willing to address your concerns. Request an appointment with us today!

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The content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health providers with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your doctor, go to the emergency department, or call 911 immediately.

What Kind of Doctor Should I See For Testicular Pain?

Ball pain. Nuts aching. Sac is hurtin’. Regardless of what you call it, testicular pain is no fun.

You’re not alone. Testicular pain is really common. Unfortunately guys don’t talk about their berries being squeezed in vice grip.

Instead they suffer in silence and walk around like John Wayne just got off of a horse.

Maybe this is something serious though. Testicular torsion (twisted testicle) or epididymitis (bacterial infection) are no joke and require immediate medical attention. I’m certain cancer might be running through your mind as well.

So what kind of doctor should you see for testicular pain? At some point you’ll need a urologist. Maybe you had no idea there was a ball pain specialist. Or maybe you’ve seen 3 of them and no one seems to help.

Let’s get you some help for those achy breaky balls. Because when they’re aching, it’s hard to feel good about anything.

What causes testicular pain?

A good doctor develops a differential diagnosis for every patient complaint. A list of possible medical conditions that could be causing the symptom. For testicular pain this list includes but is not limited to:

Testicular torsion

Testicular torsion is fancy doctor speak for a twisted testicle. No blood is going to the testicle and this is not good.

It is usually seen in kids and young adults. It is exceedingly rare after age 40. It will cause severe, drop you to your knees pain with nausea or vomiting. Unless you get your ball “untwisted” with surgery in 4 hours or less, the testicle unfortunately dies due to lack of blood flow.

Although intermittent torsion can occur, this is pretty rare. If you’ve been aching for weeks to months then torsion is very unlikely.

Epididymo-orchitis

An infection of the testicle or epididymis typically presents with an acute onset (fast) of one-sided pain and swelling. An examination will clearly show swelling and tenderness. Usually this is caused by a urinary tract infection or sexually transmitted disease.

Varicocele

Swollen veins draining the testicle are seen in up to 15% of men. Sometimes visible as a “bag of worms in the sac”, varicoceles are more common on the left side. They can cause a heavy, dull ache that’s usually worse with standing throughout the day.

The veins will not “burst” but they can cause male infertility in addition to chronic pain. A surgical repair by a micro-surgical specialist will fix this issue for good.

Inguinal hernia

A hernia is a weakness of the abdominal wall. Bulging and pain can occur at this site of weakness as your “insides” are “poking out.” When this bulging occurs in the groin area we call this an inguinal hernia.

An inguinal hernia can extend into the scrotum leading to ball pain and swelling. This is usually obvious on a physical examination but at times can be subtle. This is treated with surgery to repair the weakened tissues.

Hydrocele

Another cause of a painful “big sac” is an accumulation of fluid around the testicle. A hydrocele most often occurs for no good reason. It can be a consequence of a trauma, infection or even cancer. An ultrasound of the scrotum will confirm the diagnosis.

Sometimes a hydrocele will go away on it’s own. If it doesn’t then surgery does the trick.

Epididymal cyst

Speaking of swelling of the sac you can also have lumps next to the testicle. The epididymis sits behind the testicle and carries sperm. Cysts can develop leading to a “third nut” as men have told me. These are universally benign and can be cut out if they are causing pain.

Testicular cancer

Testicular cancer most often presents with a painless firm mass of the testicle itself. I’ve included it because cancer should always be considered in a differential diagnosis. The good news is that cancer rarely causes pain and is easily ruled out with an exam and ultrasound.

Kidney stone

Kidney stones are bad enough but ball pain as well? When a kidney stone is traveling down the urine tube (the ureter) it can cause a referred pain to the testicle. If you have associated back or abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting or a history of kidney stones, evaluation with CT scan should be considered.

Post-vasectomy pain syndrome

This rare condition (1/500 vasectomies) is distinguished by the start of pain shortly after a vasectomy. We are not certain why it happens but it is not fun. Local anesthesia blocks of the spermatic cord can temporarily relieve the pain.

When necessary, microscopic denervation procedures can be performed with success rates up to 85%. Sometimes men even elect to have the vasectomy reversed (vasovasostomy) to re-hook the plumbing pipes. This releases the back pressure and solves the post-vasectomy pain as well.

Musculoskeletal cause

The testicle is connected to the spermatic cord. An anatomic structure containing blood vessels, nerves, the vas deferens and muscles running to the testicle. The muscles are known as the cremaster muscles.

The reason your balls hug tight to the body in cold water is the cremaster muscle contracting to keep your berries warm. This muscle is a continuation of the internal oblique muscle; a series of muscles fibers that make up your core abdominal wall.

When you suffer from low back pain, are hanging on to 40 extra pounds of belly fluff, or lifting heavy objects all day, you are straining your core abdominal muscles. Since these muscles are connected to the cremaster muscle, your testicle hurts.

Musculoskeletal strain is probably the cause of 95% of testicular pain seen by a urologist. If you’ve had normal exams, ultrasounds, urine tests and no one has been able to help you yet, then this is probably what’s going on. As a urologist, it’s not unusual to see 5-10 men per week for a 2nd opinion on ball pain.

Testicular pain evaluation

Regardless of the kind of doctor you see for testicular pain, every evaluation starts with a good history. Bilateral (both sides) or alternating pain eliminates almost all of the above conditions with the exceptions of post-vasectomy pain syndrome and musculoskeletal causes.

A physical exam can detect masses, lumps and swellings. Tenderness with an otherwise normal exam is seen with many of these conditions. Some doctors you see for testicular pain may be experienced (urologist) or inexperienced (pretty much everyone else) with performed a thorough and accurate exam for testicular pain.

When necessary imaging can be performed. A CT scan should be considered for suspected kidney stones. A scrotal ultrasound will confirm findings on a physical exam.

Sometimes a scrotal ultrasound will show incidental findings that are not felt on an exam (small hydrocele or cyst). If a doctor can’t feel it then it’s not the source of the pain.

Treatment for Testicular Pain

I’m going to assume that you’ve had a normal exam, imaging tests and have never had a vasectomy. This leads us to our diagnosis of chronic testicular pain (also known as orchialgia).

First and foremost, we recommend viewing this condition like headaches and backaches. Most headaches aren’t due to brain cancer. Most backaches don’t require a visit to the spine surgeon. They are musculoskeletal in nature.

When muscles and nerves are irritated, most exams are normal. Unfortunately quick fixes are not always possible.

Here are some options for treating chronic testicular pain:

Improved diet and exercise

It’s amazing how often clean eating and moving our body is the answer to chronic medical conditions. Eating chalupas on the couch never served anybody except the business owners of Taco Bell. The crap we eat causes inflammation. Inflammation causes chronic pain.

When we exercise we release our body’s natural pain killers called endorphins. Strengthening your core and lower back can help testicular pain over time.

As a result of diet and exercise you should start shedding some pounds from your belly. All this extra weight we carry in our midsection strains our back and core muscles. Lose the weight, lose the ball pain.

I’ve had more patients tell me their testicular pain resolved after weight loss than any other thing I’m about to suggest.

Pelvic physical therapy

Muscle tension of the lower abdomen and pelvic floor is associated with chronic testicular pain. An experienced pelvic physical therapist can identify any muscle imbalances, improving chronic pain. It doesn’t work for everybody, but there’s little risk in giving a session a try.

Off-label medications

Sometimes medications designed for another purpose are helpful for seemingly unrelated medical conditions. This is known as an off-label medication. For chronic testicular pain I’ve had success with Tamsulosin (prostate medication), hydroxyzine (anti-histamine) and amitriptyline (anti-depressant).

Every urologist has his or her favorite for helping men get a little relief. It’s really important to avoid narcotics at all costs. This is a chronic condition and the last thing you want is an opioid dependence.

Surgery

Some of the same microsurgical options are available for testicular pain. Referral to a urologist fellowship trained in microsurgery may be your last option for treating unresolved testicular pain. Performed under anesthesia in the office or surgery center, spermatic cord denervation or cryotherapy can have success rates of 70-85%.

Who’s The Best Doctor For Testicular Pain?

If you haven’t had an in-person visit with a doctor then you should start there. This is one of those instances where a physical examination is important. A scrotal ultrasound is not a bad idea either to dot the “I’s” and cross the “T’s. ”

If you’ve already been to a urologist, and are frustrated, then why not consider a second opinion with a VirtuCare specialist. We can review any medical records that you provide and do a deep dive to make certain nothing has been missed.

Our second opinion visits last on average 30 minutes so you know you won’t be rushed for time. We are hear to listen to you.

With our network of colleagues, we’d be happy to make a referral to a microsurgical expert if that’s what it takes to cure your testicular pain.

Unfortunately there are certain medical conditions that can’t be cured. But you at least deserve care from an expert who will listen and do everything they can to help.

Your family jewels deserve the best. 

Why testicles hurt and what to do about it

August 12, 2021

Likbez

Health

It’s definitely not worth waiting for it to go away on its own. We need a urologist here.

The testicles, or testicles, are the organ of the male reproductive system, which produces the germ cells, spermatozoa, and the hormone testosterone. Testicles can hurt for various reasons.

1. Injury

The testicles are easily damaged because they are located in the scrotum, a fold of skin, and are not protected by muscles or bones. This can happen during sports, at home or at the time of a fight. After a direct blow, severe pain will appear, which will radiate to the stomach.

What to do

Pain usually resolves in less than an hour. To speed up the process, you can:

• take an over-the-counter pain reliever;
• lie down to rest;
• apply an ice pack to the scrotum;
• put on supportive underwear.

It is also recommended not to exercise for several days.

If the pain lasts for more than an hour, the scrotum is swollen, nausea, vomiting, fever, you should see a doctor as soon as possible.

2. Varicocele

This is the name given to the expansion of the veins of the scrotum, which can impair sperm production, reduce testicles and infertility. The disease usually develops very slowly. First there is discomfort in the scrotum, then a sharp or dull pain. It occurs or intensifies if you have to stand for a long time, during physical exertion, but passes in the supine position.

Over time, changes appear on the scrotum, one testicle swells, and almost always on the left. Sometimes you can feel the tortuous dilated veins above it, resembling a bag of worms.

What to do

If the above signs appear, you should go to a urologist. He will do an examination and perform an ultrasound to confirm the diagnosis. Then an operation is performed, the purpose of which is to block the dilated veins so that the blood flows around healthy vessels.

3. Inguinal hernia

This is a disease in which part of the intestine or other tissues of the abdomen protrude through weak points in the muscles of the groin due to increased intra-abdominal pressure. Symptoms are not always present. But sometimes there is swelling, discomfort, or burning, which can be aggravated by bending over, coughing, or lifting heavy things. If the hernia descends to the scrotum, then the latter will increase in size and begin to hurt. In extreme cases, a dangerous complication may appear – strangulated hernia, which leads to impaired blood circulation.

What to do

A hernia does not always hurt, but if it does, you should see a surgeon. The doctor will suggest surgery to avoid complications. First of all, infringement.

4. Prostatitis

This is the name for inflammation of the prostate gland, which is located directly under the bladder. The disease can develop for various reasons. But any form of prostatitis is characterized by the following symptoms:

• pain and burning during urination;
• frequent trips to the toilet, especially at night;
• difficult urination;
• cloudy or bloody urine;
• sudden strong urge to urinate;
• pain in the lower back, groin or abdomen;
• painful ejaculation;
• discomfort in the penis, testicles, perineum;
• flu-like condition due to bacterial infection in the prostate.

What to do

If these symptoms appear, you should consult a urologist. The doctor will prescribe an examination: blood and urine tests, ultrasound of the prostate. Then the specialist will select the treatment. It can be:

• antibiotics that kill the infection;
• alpha-blockers, they relax the muscles in the prostate area and make it easier to urinate;
• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for pain relief.

5. Orchitis

Inflammation of one or both testicles. The main cause is bacterial infections, sometimes sexually transmitted diseases. Sometimes orchitis can be caused by the mumps (mumps) virus.

Due to inflammation, the testicles not only hurt, but also swell. The temperature rises, nausea and vomiting appear. Without treatment, testicular tissue can collapse, and then an abscess will form. And in some men, the testicles atrophy, which leads to infertility.

What to do

It all depends on the type of infection. For a bacterial infection, the doctor will prescribe antibiotics, and for a viral infection, over-the-counter pain medications, bed rest, tight clothing, and cold compresses. Viral orchitis usually improves after 3 to 10 days, and scrotal pain disappears after a few weeks.

6. Epididymitis

This is an inflammation of a small area on the back of the testicle where sperm is stored. Sexually transmitted infections such as gonorrhea or chlamydia cause epididymitis. In addition to pain in the testicles, the disease manifests itself as follows:

• swelling and redness of the scrotum, it becomes hot to the touch;
• painful urination;
• frequent urination;
• discharge from the penis;
• pain or discomfort in the lower abdomen;
• blood in semen;
• sometimes – fever.

What to do

With these symptoms, the urologist will prescribe antibiotics. And if the infection has led to the appearance of an abscess on the scrotum, then surgery will be needed.

7. Testicular torsion

It rotates around its axis, due to which the spermatic cord, through which the vessels pass to the testicle, is pinched. As a result, blood flow deteriorates. Most often, torsion occurs between the ages of 12 and 18. Why is unknown, but possibly due to activity, injury, or genetic predisposition. In this case, the following symptoms appear:

• sudden severe pain in the scrotum;
• unusual testicular position;
• nausea and vomiting;
• swelling of the scrotum;
• abdominal pain;
• frequent urination;
• fever.

What to do

When the first symptoms appear, call an ambulance. After all, if you do not unwind the testicle within six hours, then there is a high probability that its tissues will die and the organ will have to be removed.

The treatment will require surgery under anesthesia. The surgeon will incise the scrotum, return the testis to its normal position, and secure it with a few stitches to prevent torsion from recurring.

8. Hydrocele

This is the name of the swelling of the scrotum, which appears due to the accumulation of fluid in the membranes of the testis. Typically, a hydrocele develops spontaneously in boys under one year of age, causes no pain, and resolves on its own without treatment. In men, the cause is most often an injury or infection, therefore, in addition to an increase in the scrotum, there is discomfort or a feeling of heaviness.

What to do

If the scrotum is swollen, you need to see a urologist. The most important thing is to exclude dangerous causes of hydrocele, such as infection, tumor, inguinal hernia, blood flow disturbance, or testicular torsion.

And to eliminate the hydrocele, an operation is performed under anesthesia or local anesthesia. The doctor will simply cut open the scrotum and release the fluid, and then sew up the wound. To prevent swelling from occurring again, a tube is left in the scrotum for several days to let the fluid out. Since the hydrocele may recur, a re-examination is carried out later.

9. Spermatocele

This is an abnormal sac (cyst) of sperm that develops in the epididymis, a small duct behind it. Usually spermatocele does not affect well-being. If the cyst is enlarged, the following symptoms may appear:

• pain or discomfort in affected testicle;
• feeling of heaviness;
• mass behind and above the testis.

What to do

Spermatocele should only be treated if symptoms are severe. Then surgery may be needed. The doctor will make an incision in the scrotum and remove the cyst. Sometimes they do it easier – with the help of a needle, the contents of the spermatocele are sucked out.

10. Diabetic neuropathy

Peripheral nerves are affected in men with diabetes mellitus. One of the complications is pain in the testicles. Symptoms come on gradually, usually with burning, numbness, tingling, decreased ability to perceive temperature, and sometimes increased sensitivity to touch, where the slightest touch causes pain. Also often there are problems with potency.

What to do

Endocrinologists can only stop the occurrence of other complications of diabetes. To do this, specialists help the patient maintain their glucose levels in the normal range with diet and medication.

OTC pain relievers are usually used to reduce pain, but antidepressants and anticonvulsants are sometimes added depending on symptoms and general condition.

11. Testicular cancer

This is a rare malignant tumor that most often occurs in men aged 15-35 years. The reasons for the development of this cancer are unknown. Usually only one testicle is affected, and symptoms appear only in advanced stages:

• enlarged testis or lump in it;
• feeling of heaviness in the scrotum;
• dull pain in abdomen and groin;
• swelling of the scrotum;
• testicular pain or discomfort;
• breast enlargement, it may start to hurt;
• back pain.

What to do

In case of any changes, you need to go to the urologist. After examination and confirmation of the diagnosis, the testicle will be removed. It is possible that the nearby lymph nodes too. You may also need radiation and chemotherapy.

Read also 👨‍⚕️

• Everything you need to know about penile health and male intimate hygiene
• Where do urinary tract infections come from and how to treat them
• Who is an andrologist and what are the symptoms for going to him?
• What can cause frequent urination?
• Why lymph nodes inflame in the groin and what to do with them

Testicular pain

The male testicles are not only the most important organ of the male reproductive system. The anatomical location of the testicles is due to the fact that the maturation of spermatozoa occurs at a temperature slightly below normal body temperature, so they are located in the skin-muscle formation – the scrotum. In addition, the testicles are permeated with a dense network of nerve fibers and blood vessels.

This organ is vulnerable to various factors of the external and internal environment: it is subject to injuries, infectious attacks, as well as vascular pathologies and tumor neoplasms.

Meanwhile, it is in the testicles that testosterone is produced – the main male sex hormone and spermatozoa necessary for the fertilization of the female egg. That is, damage to the testicles not only reduces the quality of life of a man, but can also lead to a complete loss of reproductive function.

Causes and symptoms

Causes of pain in the testicles can be very diverse, and each of them has its own symptoms. Here are just a few of the conditions that can lead to painful testicles:

1. Inflammation of the testicle (orchitis) or epididymis (epididymitis). In these cases the pain in the testicle is intense and constant. In addition, these diseases are usually accompanied by general malaise and fever up to 38-39 degrees Celsius. The scrotum on the side of the inflammation turns red, becomes enlarged, tense and painful on palpation. A rapidly onset and growing inflammation of the testicle or its epididymis requires emergency medical care, treatment and daily medical supervision. The sooner treatment is started for orchitis or epididymitis, the more likely it is to maintain their reproductive function. Late treatment increases the risk of surgery.

2. Varicocele – testicular varicose veins. It develops due to the peculiarities of the anatomical structure of the circulatory system and may be accompanied by aching pain in the lower abdomen and in the scrotum, or be asymptomatic. A varicocele can result in visual dilation of the testicular veins, a decrease in the size of the involved testicle, and a decrease in the ability to conceive.

3. Pathologies of the prostate gland : exacerbation of chronic prostatitis, adenoma (benign hyperplasia) or malignant tumor. An important symptom pointing to the prostate gland as the root of the problem is pain that radiates to the lower back, leg, lower abdomen or scrotum. The testicles themselves remain the same to the touch as they were, without pronounced changes, and the intensity of pain in them varies from discomfort to moderate pain.

4. Testicular torsion. It can be provoked by wearing tight clothing, sudden movements or overexertion of the press (for example, during training), and even awkward movements in sleep or a strong, hysterical cough. The symptoms of torsion are:

• Acute pain in the scrotum
• Testicle pull up
• Nausea and vomiting
• The color and shape of the scrotum may change
• Increase in testicle size

This pathology is more typical for young people, but also occurs over the age of 18-20 years. In this case, immediate medical attention is required – it is best to call an ambulance. In the absence of medical attention within 3-4 hours after the onset of acute pain, testicular necrosis may begin – as a result, you risk losing this organ.

5. Unrealized sexual arousal. Sexual arousal is accompanied by an increase in blood flow in the genitals and the accumulation in them of the components that make up the sperm. Thus, the accumulated contents of the gonads with delayed or absent ejaculation often causes discomfort or aching pain in the testicles and lower abdomen.

6. Prolonged sexual abstinence. Testicular pain in an adult male may appear after a week of sexual abstinence.

7. Hydrocele (hydrocele) – accumulation of fluid between the membranes of the testis. The disease is more common in young men aged 20-30 years. This is due to impaired blood supply and lymph flow. One of the most common causes of this pathology is an inflammatory process that can develop under the influence of a viral, bacterial infection, trauma, or as a result of surgery. The main symptom of a hydrocele is an enlargement of one or both halves of the scrotum. At the same time, the testicle itself in the shells filled with liquid is not palpable.

8. Epididymis or spermatic cord cyst. The causes of the pathology are diverse – endocrine disorders, exposure to infection, trauma. With a small size, the cyst does not cause discomfort to a man and is usually found by chance, during a medical examination during palpation or ultrasound. But over time, it can progress, increasing in size, causing discomfort, which becomes the reason for going to the doctor.

9. Testicular cancer is a malignant tumor that develops from the tissues of the testicles. The risk group includes young people aged 20 to 40 years. The likelihood of the disease is higher in those men who in childhood suffered from cryptorchidism – an undescended testicle. Requires a specialized examination, is subject to radical treatment.

Benefits of treatment at the First Men’s Clinic:

• Highly specialized urological clinic.
• Possibility of examination in one day (reception, tests, ultrasound)
• Comfortable reception area.
• Duration of reception – 40 minutes.
• Analyzes can be taken at any laboratory in the city.
• The reception includes: consultation, examination, drawing up an examination plan.

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Reception conducted:

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Diagnosis and treatment

There are no two identical patients: the same disease can manifest itself in completely different ways depending on its form and stage, on the state of the patient’s body and his age, on the presence of concomitant diseases and medications that a person takes, as well as on many others. factors. That is why the diagnosis and treatment of testicular pain is always individualized. First you need to assess the current state of health. At the initial consultation, the doctor conducts a conversation, which includes the collection of complaints and anamnesis, as well as an examination. Based on this, the examination program and the list of analyzes are determined. Depending on their results and the patient’s complaints, the doctor draws up a treatment plan, as a result of which it is necessary to come for a second appointment to monitor the treatment result and, if necessary, make adjustments.

It may also turn out that urologists will not find any disease that could cause pain in the testicle. In this case, you will be referred to a neurologist and a chiropractor – the staff of the First Men’s Clinic also has such specialists. The fact is that pain can be the result of violations in the muscular corset – we are talking primarily about the muscles of the back and pelvic floor. In addition, the causes may lie in damage to the nerves of the lumbar and sacral plexus or different parts of the spine – in this case, unilateral or bilateral spread of pain along the leg, buttock and lower back is characteristic, sometimes this is accompanied by loss of sensation in the toes, segments of the limb or a tingling sensation, goosebumps in the projection of the genitals. In this case, CT or MRI will help determine which nerve is involved in the pathological process.

The first men’s clinic is characterized by a comprehensive approach to treatment, combining medication, surgery and physiotherapy.

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In preparing the article, the following materials were used:

Clinical uroandrology, edited by V. Mirone, translated from English by Chaly M.