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What Causes Toenail Fungus? How to Prevent Onychomycosis, or Crusty Yellow Nails​

Ever look down at your fingernails or toenails and see yellow, chalky material hiding inside? If you’re thinking, “Gross, what’s that?,” don’t freak out: it’s actually pretty common and treatable.

That chalky substance is likely keratin debris, which is formed when keratin protein (a.k.a. fibrous protein found in the nails and outer layer of the skin) breaks down, usually due to fungal infection. If left untreated, it can spread to other areas. Basically, it’s a yellowish, thick, and chalk-like substance that appears on the nails and it’s usually sharp and brittle to the touch.

While it might sound gnarly, the condition is fairly common and accounts for about half of all nail disorders, says Sonia Batra, MD, MSc, MPH, a dermatologist in Santa Monica, California, and co-host of the television show The Doctors.

“Nail keratin debris results from a fungal infection of the nail. In medical terms this is called onychomycosis or tinea unguium,” says Batra.

The fungal infection breaks down the keratin in the nail to form a white or yellow chalky substance under the nail plate.

“As keratin debris spreads under the nail, the nail plate typically becomes lifted up off of the nail bed. This separation creates a warm, moist pocket, which is even more conducive to infection,” Batra explains.The nail itself will then take on a white or yellowish color.

The nail plate itself becomes thickened from fungal infection, with crumbly, chalky keratin debris under the nail. The nails are often more fragile and jagged, she says, making it easier for them to catch on clothing or other materials.

Related: 7 Ways to Avoid Getting a Gross Toenail Fungal Infection

To prevent keratin debris from forming, you must take pains to avoid getting a fungal infection. Keep your nails clean and away from germ-filled areas, and wear flip-flops or shower sandals in moist areas, such as a public pool or shower, Batra says. When you get out of the shower, thoroughly dry your feet so moisture does not collect between the toes.

“If a fungal infection of the skin occurs (commonly known as athlete’s foot), use an antifungal cream to treat it before it spreads to nails. Also, cut nails short to prevent fungus or bacteria from finding a safe harbor under the nail,” she suggests.

If keratin debris doesn’t go away with time, you might need some extra intervention. “Some dermatologists and podiatrists treat toenail fungus and the resulting keratin debris with lasers,” Batra says. “A near infrared laser beam can be used to pass directly through the nail and vaporize the fungus, yeast or mold that is causing the infection.” The treatment usually requires two to four sessions to sufficiently kill the fungus; when completed, a healthy nail usually grows back between 9 and 12 months.

Your doctor might also prescribe topical antifungal gels or creams, lacquers and liquid solutions that can be applied topically to the nails, or oral antifungal treatment drugs, such as Terbinafine or Itraconazole, she says.

Above all else, if you’re not experiencing any toenail pain, do not try to remove the debris yourself. “Aggressive digging under the nail may worsen the ‘pocket’ for infection,” she says. So if you think you have nail debris, don’t freak out — simply head to your dermatologist to figure out the best treatment plan.

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Prevention and Treatment of Toenail Fungus

Preventing Toenail Fungus From Spreading

While you can’t avoid contact with the microscopic organisms that cause toenail fungus — it’s present anywhere that is warm, dark, or moist — keeping your feet clean and dry and clipping your nails properly can help prevent an infection.

For fungus to grow, “there needs to be some type of trauma to the nail where the nail-skin junction, or natural barrier, is disrupted,” says Sheth. “For example, from a pedicure, ill-fitting shoes, or the repetitive trauma of running or hiking that causes the nail to lift or get pressed on from shoes or boots.”

Still, some people are more vulnerable than others, she adds. “Some people have it only on one toe or one foot, and some have lived with a partner who has it but they never get it,” Sheth says. “And for some you see it in their entire family. It’s not as straightforward as it seems, and it’s an annoying problem.”

If you do get a toenail fungus infection, these measures can help stop it from spreading:

  • Wash your feet and dry them thoroughly before putting on your socks and shoes.
  • Clip your toenails straight across so the nail doesn’t extend past the tip of the toe — this helps protect the delicate tissue beneath the nail.
  • Wear properly fitting shoes that allow your feet to breathe. If your feet become damp, change your socks to a dry pair as soon as possible.
  • Spray your shoes with an over-the-counter antifungal product. ”Your shoe is a great environment for fungus to thrive,” notes Sheth.
  • Wear shower shoes in public places where others typically walk barefoot, such as in locker rooms and around pools.
  • Thoroughly clean your nail clippers and other pedicure tools between use.

Getting rid of established toenail fungus can be difficult. Successfully eliminating it depends on careful adherence to a treatment plan.

“What happens over time is that the fungus breeds in the nail tissue and goes from being just a little bit on the nail, to a really discolored and thickened nail, to a nail that is totally embedded with fungus,” explains Marlene Reid, a doctor of podiatric medicine in Naperville, Illinois, and a spokesperson for the American Podiatric Medical Association.

Treating Toenail Fungus Medically

How a toenail fungal infection is treated may depend on its severity.

In white superficial onychomycosis, for example, the white patches of fungus that form on the nails can sometimes simply be filed off and an over-the-counter antifungal topical medication can be applied to the nail to kill the fungus.

For infections affecting deeper layers of the nail, over-the-counter topical medications often don’t penetrate the nail deeply enough to kill all of the fungus and prevent the infection from recurring. Repeated applications of the medication or a prescription-strength drug may be necessary.

The symptoms of more severe infections include thickened, discolored toenails that may eventually become painful. In these situations, you should see a podiatrist who can devise a treatment plan that may include these actions:

Debridement The thickened portions of the nail can be debrided, or removed, to reduce pain and allow a topical treatment to penetrate more effectively.

Topical Medication Medications that are applied like nail polish or hand cream are sometimes used to treat nail infections. However, topical medication often fails because it doesn’t move deeply enough into the nail to reach the fungus or users forget to apply it daily for almost a year, as is required.

Oral Medication Oral medications used to treat toenail fungus include terbinafine (Lamisil) and itraconazole (Sporanox, Onmel). Both medications require at least a three-month course of treatment for toenails; if used consistently, they have a good success rate. Because both drugs can affect the liver, however, blood tests of liver function are recommended before treatment is started and every four to six weeks during treatment. A third medication, fluconazole (Diflucan), is sometimes used on an off-label basis for toenail fungus caused by yeast.

Nail Removal, Home Remedies, and Laser Treatment

In the most serious instances of toenail fungus infection, the toenail may be removed surgically or dissolved with acid. This can be done to just a portion of the nail in the hope that the remaining nail will grow back healthy. In cases where the entire toenail has to be removed, artificial nails and products using light-cured resins to form a temporary covering can be used to protect the underlying tissue until the nail grows back.

If you prefer to go the home-remedy route, such as applying tea tree oil or Vicks VapoRub to your nails, keep in mind that the effectiveness of these products for treating toenail fungus hasn’t been well studied, and they are not recommended by podiatrists.

Finally, the Food and Drug Administration has approved several laser devices for “temporary increase in clear nails in patients with onychomycosis.” But while laser treatments are vigorously marketed, clinical trials of lasers have reported mixed results, and the treatments may not be covered by health insurance. If you wish to try laser treatment of toenail fungus, speak to your doctor about what to expect from the treatment, and call your insurance carrier to find out whether the treatment will be covered.

Additional reporting by Susan Jara.

Is It Toenail Fungus or Something Else?

Toenail fungal infections can usually be categorized into one of the following five subtypes:

Distal Subungual Onychomycosis This is the most common form of toenail fungal infection, usually occurring in the portion of the nail closer to the tip and on the underside of the nail. The nail may become thick, yellow, or brittle.

Endonyx Onychomycosis People who have endonyx onychomycosis have fungus growing between the layers of the toenails. With this type of fungus, toenails usually have a milky white color and may be pitted or split. They usually don’t thicken or separate from the nail bed.

Proximal White Subungual Onychomycosis This is a relatively uncommon form of toenail fungus, seen most often in people with weakened immune systems due to conditions such as HIV. The fungus enters the toenail through the cuticle and affects the part of the nail closer to the base, turning it a whitish color.

White Superficial Onychomycosis This is also a rare form of toenail fungus that can occur in people who are otherwise healthy. It’s caused by a specific fungus that grows on the superficial, or top, layers of the toenail. Symptoms include opaque, white areas on the toenail that may eventually spread to cover the entire nail. The nail becomes soft and crumbly in texture.

Candida Infection of the Nail Candida is probably best known for causing vaginal yeast infections, but the fungus also lives on the skin. When there’s a break in the skin around the nail, called the nail folds, candida may enter and cause inflammation and infection. The nail itself may thicken and separate from the nail bed if the infection persists. “This type of fungal infection tends to affect fingernails more than toenails,” Goad says.

Conditions That May Look Like Toenail Fungus

Several health conditions can affect the appearance of your toenails and may be mistaken for toenail fungus.

Psoriasis Psoriasis can cause red, scaly patches on the skin. More than half of people with skin psoriasis also have it on their nails. Toenails and fingernails affected by psoriasis may be thick, discolored, crumbly, or loose. “Some people will have nail changes with psoriasis, and if it affects the matrix (the growth plate), then these changes are permanent,” says Sheth.

Skin Cancer A discolored spot underneath a toenail may be a sign of melanoma, a potentially fatal form of skin cancer. Melanoma under a toenail usually looks like a brown or black streak or may appear similar to a bruise. Although this isn’t common, it’s also not rare, says Sheth. Her advice: “It’s always good to check it out.”

Darier Disease This genetic disorder typically causes yellowish, wartlike blemishes on the body. However, some people with Darier disease also have fingernail or toenail irregularities, such as nails that are marked with red and white streaks, according to Genetics Home Reference. Sheth notes, however, that she’s never had a biopsy come back with a diagnosis of Darier disease.

Yellow Nail Syndrome This rare condition has been known to cause slow-growing, thickened, yellow nails, along with abnormalities affecting the lungs and other parts of the respiratory tract and swelling in various parts of the body, according to the National Organization for Rare Disorders. The exact cause of the syndrome is unknown.

Alopecia Areata This autoimmune disorder most commonly causes round patches of hair loss from the scalp, although it can affect other areas of the body as well, according to Genetics Home Reference. Alopecia areata can also affect nails, which may become rough or pitted or develop white spots. Although rare, people with alopecia areata can notice nail changes before they start seeing hair loss.

Diagnosing and Treating Toenail Changes

If you notice changes in the appearance of your toenails, see a doctor promptly. If a fungal infection is suspected, a sample of the nail can be taken and analyzed by a lab to make a diagnosis. If the test comes back positive, an oral or topical antifungal medication may be prescribed to treat the fungus. Most antifungal medications are effective against most forms of toenail fungus, although treatment can take some time, in part because it’s hard to deliver any type of medication through the nail plate to the skin under the nail.

“Most of the time, the treatment requires the whole nail to grow out, which can take up to a year,” says Sheth. “Treatment needs to be consistent and long-term if it has any chance of working.”

If the test comes back negative for fungus, your doctor may begin investigating other causes for the abnormal appearance of your toenails. Sometimes symptoms involving other parts of the body help point to a diagnosis.

People with yellow nail syndrome, for example, may experience leg swelling or breathing problems. Those with alopecia could see their hair begin to fall out.

And, according to Goad, “With psoriasis, patches of red, scaly skin may be seen on the knees, elbows, and face, too. It’s usually not limited to just the toenails.”

Additional reporting by Susan Jara

White Chalky Patches on Toenails: Fungus or Dehydrated Nails? -Jennifer Moller MS, PA-C

Posted on 5/1/18

Have you ever been to the nail salon and your polish was removed only to uncover white patches?  And when the nail technician is questioned she usually states it is due to wearing dark polish, or leaving the polish on too long.  You may then nod, and agree to cover the unsightly nail again with polish. Read why this is not the best idea, what could be causing it, and what the remedy is.

White chalky spots on toenails, is if fungus or something else?

White chalky patches on the nail can simply be a result of excessive dehydration of the keratin molecules on the nail surface, causing keratin granulations.  It is generally caused by wearing nail polish for too long, using dehydrating nail polish remover too often, or constantly exposing your nails to harsh or drying chemicals (like cleaning products, for example). All of these products can dry out the nails, causing the keratin molecules of the nail plate to clump together into chalky-looking formations.

The best way to get rid of keratin granulation is to give your nails a several-week-long break from nail polish, nail polish remover and chemicals in conjunction with using moisturizers and/or hand creams to replenish the moisture balance of the nails.

 

However, we all also need to be aware of white superficial onychomycosis nail fungus. This type of infection is the second most common type of infection you can get that commonly affects the toenails and not the fingernails. The main cause of this type of nail fungus infection is the dermatophyte, Trichophyton mentagrophytes.  This fungus has the unique feature to develop on the top layers of the nail, and eventually spreads on the entire nail-plate.

Initially, tiny white patches appear on the surface of the nail-plate. As the fungus spreads, the nails may dry out and the surface of the nails flake and crumble.

The fungus feeds on the nail protein, keratin, to obtain its nutrients, which further weakens the nail-plate, and makes it distorted. White superficial onychomycosis is spread like any fungus – unsanitary tools and files for one – but also locker rooms and other places people go bare feet.  Often times an injury or trauma to the nail occurs, leaving the nail predisposed for infection.

Nail fungus can be difficult to treat, and we encourage patients to begin topical treatments early on, as it can take up to a year sometimes to completely clear an infection.  If the nail fungus is advanced and the nail shows signs of thickening, lifting, or discoloration, an oral medication may be advised.

Trouble differentiating keratin granulations from toenail fungus? We recommend you seek a diagnosis from a medical professional so that you may receive the appropriate treatment.

keratin granulation

white superficial onychomychosis

How to Get Rid of Smelly Toenails for Good — Yellow Toenails Cured

Smelly toenail gunk is a problem that is often associated with uncleanliness and sweaty feet. However, it is rare for toenails to smell following a thorough wash.

White smelly stuff under your toenails that gives off an odor akin to mature cheese likely has a medical cause. It is more than a toenail jam, and is likely a bacterial infection or toenail fungus.

Fungal infections are not harmful to people with healthy immune systems. However, if left untreated, the condition will gradually get worse and cause problems that you would rather avoid.

The foul odor will get stronger and your toenails will deteriorate quickly. While toenail fungus is classified as a cosmetic problem, it can be embarrassing and have implications for your self-esteem.

What is Smelly Toenail Gunk?

During the day, your toenails and the space between your toes collect dirt and debris. There are two types of toenail debris; toenail jam and toenail cheese.

Toenail jam is normal. It’s the white stuff that gathers under your toenails and in the corners of your toes. It’s not unusual for toenail jam to smell or make your feet smell, but it should be cleaned.

People get toenail jam due to wearing open-toed footwear. In these circumstances, you may find black smelly stuff under your toenails. It is also common on hot sweaty days, or if you’re wearing cotton socks all day that make your feet sweat a lot.

When the white stuff under your toenails has a cheesy smell, it is a sign of toenail fungus.

Toenail Fungus vs. Toenail Bacteria

When the white gunk under toenails has a porous smell, it is usually the result of unhealthy feet. Bad odors are typically caused by two pathogens: fungus or bacteria.

It is essential to know whether it is toenail fungus or bacteria as the treatments are different. Given both symptoms share a distinctive cheesy smell, it is not easy to distinguish between the two.

Toenail Fungus (Onychomycosis)

This is the most likely cause of smelly toenails. Everyone experiences toenail fungus at some point, but if it goes undetected or untreated, the fungus worsens.

It is caused by an organism called tinea ungium and gives off an unpleasant odor. Other symptoms can include hard, discolored toenails which become brittle or even lift up from the nail bed.

Toenail fungus is most common in people that wear shoes and socks for long periods of the day. Because your feet are unable to breathe, the sweat glands work overtime. The situation is made worse when you don’t wear socks with shoes.

Fungus thrives in warm and moist places. If you do have very sweaty feet, consider wearing antifungal socks made from natural materials such as bamboo, merino wool, and polyester.

Bacterial Infections

These can be mistaken for toenail fungus, but have a different cause – typically a trauma to the nail. This could be a stubbed toe or injured toe, or a recurring issue such as an ingrowing toenail.

Both conditions create toenail cheese. However, a bacterial infection is often accompanied by redness, swelling or pain, and in some cases may emit yellow drainage from under the toenail.

The most common toenail bacteria is a staph infection and should be treated promptly. Without correct treatment, the bacteria can spread and irritate your skin.

If the white smelly stuff under your toenails is a bacterial infection, you should attend to it with anti-bacterial treatment. Clean your nails with antiseptic lotion and dry them off with a clean cloth.

You should also soak your feet in a tea tree oil treatment and remove the bacteria with a cream, gel or ointment recommended by a reputable podiatrist.

What Causes Toenails to Smell Like Cheese?

The reason why toenail gunk smells like cheese is due to a type of bacteria known as brevibacteria. It is the same bacteria used to mature cheese.

Most of the time brevibacterium grows harmlessly on the skin of humans, but in moist areas like feet develop a sulfur compound which emits a pungent smell.

When the bacterium is not cleaned out from under the toenails, it can become infected. Common symptoms of a toenail infection are a discharge of pus under the nail. In some cases, this will be accompanied by inflammation which may cause pain when wearing shoes.

What is Keratin Debris under the Toenail?

Nails are largely made from proteins, one of which is known as keratin. Fungal infections breakdown the keratin protein and leaves keratin debris under the toenail – dead skin and flattened skin cells.

Symptoms include a build-up of debris under the nails. The dead skin cells form part of the nail and sometimes cause discoloration. Keratin debris is either white or yellow and becomes thick. When too much keratin debris builds up under the nail, it will cause the nail to separate from the bed.

What Are the Signs of Toenail Fungus?

Toenail fungus often goes untreated in the early stages because people do not recognize the symptoms. The earlier you attend to fungal infections in the toenails, the easier they are to heal.

The symptoms of toenail fungus do not always occur the same way in everyone. Some people may also experience worse symptoms than others. However, the signs are all distinguishable and easy to self-diagnose.

Discolored Nails

Other than the cheesy smell, one of the first signs you will notice is a slight discoloration of the toenail. This is caused because of the excess build-up of dead skin under the toenail.

Discoloration does not necessarily mean the entire surface of the nail bed is affected but is an indication you need to treat your toenails for fungus.

The discoloration may also appear as white spots or streaks across the nail or a powdery substance along the edge of the nail.

In some cases, the spots can turn dark, or even black. If you didn’t injure your toe before smelly black stuff appearing under your toenail, it is a clear warning sign that you have toenail fungus.

An injury to a toenail will ordinarily be accompanied by pain. In most cases, people will not feel pain with a fungal infection. The exception is if you have a dead nail that falls off. In this case, the nail comes away from the nail bed.

When the dead nail turns black, the fungal infection is severe and will take longer to heal. You will probably also feel discomfort wearing shoes and putting on socks.

Ridges Across the Toenails

Toenail fungus causes the texture and appearance of your toenails to change. One of the early signs is when vertical ridges form across the top of your nails. These ridges will look almost like raised lines spanning the length of the toenail.

However, when the surface of the nail feels uneven, it is not always a result of toenail fungus, there are several reasons for this.

In the case of vertical ridges, the primary cause is the nails inability to retain moisture as you age. In rare cases, vertical toenail ridges indicate poor nutrition.

If you develop horizontal lines across your toes, you may have an underlying health condition, not a fungal infection.

Horizontal lines across the toenails are called Beau’s lines and could be due to the following causes:

  • Injury
  • Heart attack
  • Malnutrition
  • Pneumonia
  • Diabetes
  • Peripheral vascular disease
  • Zinc deficiency
  • High fever
  • Arsenic poisoning

Beau’s lines can also be caused by certain medications used to treat cancer such as chemotherapy. The width and depth of Beau lines are an indication of the extent of the damage.

Vertical toenail ridges that are a sign of a fungal infection will be accompanied by other symptoms mentioned above. When ridges start to form, it is a sign the structure and strength of the nail are beginning to change.

Ridges will be pronounced when toenail fungus is compromising the strength of your nail. Take care when cutting your nails as the ridges will cause them to split.

Debris under the Toenail

Toenail fungus will typically start with smelly toenail gunk. When the symptoms worsen, dead skin cells gather under your toenail and smells bad. The white stuff is keratin debris and is caused by enzymes breaking down the protein in your toenails.

If keratin debris is allowed to build-up under your toenail, it could cause the problem to get worse. Keratin is made from multiple layers of dead skin. When keratin is starved of protein, or in the case of fungal infection, the protein is destroyed, flattened skin cells build-up under the nails.

A breakdown of keratin will also cause your nails to crumble and collect more debris. Although a build-up of keratin under the toenails is natural, when the build-up becomes more frequent and discolored, the cause usually is due to a fungal infection.

Hard, Brittle Nails

When toenail fungus takes hold and destroys the proteins in the nail, the health of your nails will weaken. As a result, your nails will become hard and brittle. If your nails crumble easily or chip away, consult your GP to seek treatment for toenail fungus.

When toenail fungus reaches the stage whereby your nails crumble, you could be at risk of other problems. Snagging nails on socks and bed covers becomes bothersome and could rip the skin along the side of your toe.

Not only is a skin tear painful, but the wound could also develop a bacterial infection which then becomes more difficult to treat.

Brittle nails can also affect the shape of your toenails. Typical problems include unsightly jagged edges and deformed patterns as they grow. Hard nails are also more difficult to look after and are susceptible to breakage.

The more your toenails weaken, the stronger the fungal infection gets. If you do notice your toenails becoming hard and brittle, treat your toenails with a fungal remedy as soon as possible. Don’t leave it too late and risk your toenail falling off.

Thickened Nails

Whereas hard and brittle nails are one of the early warning signs, thickened toenails are a strong indication the problem is getting worse. At this point, you should definitely be looking for an effective treatment.

Thickened toenails are a sign the fungus is thriving and is much more difficult to manage. You may even start to notice that your toenails are painful when you wear certain footwear.

At this stage, you should invest in a set of tools to manicure your toenails effectively. Thick nails are harder to trim and file, but shorter toenails mean the treatment for toenail fungus will work better.

Dead Toenails Smell Bad

The most intense symptom of toenail fungus is when you experience a “dead toenail.” This condition is accompanied by a putrid smell and accompanied by pain.

When toenail fungus flourishes, the more your nails weaken. Subsequently, the more debris builds-up under your toenail. When this happens, there is the potential for the toenail to come loose. At this point the toenail is dead.

When toenail fungus causes the toenail to lift from the bed, the condition is severe and should be attended to by a doctor. In some cases, the doctor will decide to remove the toenail surgically so they can treat the fungus underneath.

It is far better to pay attention to the early warning signs and treat toenail fungus before the condition gets worse. Dead toenail smells bad and can be painful for several weeks until a new toenail grows back. In the meantime, you should continue to treat the fungal infection.

Is Toe Fungus Curable?

It’s quite common for people to believe that a mild case of toenail fungus will heal on its own. While fungal infections are treatable, they do require attention.

If fungal infections are left unattended, the condition will become worse. At the very least fungal infections that are encouraged to grow will irritate, but can also be painful.

Foot fungus is widespread. It thrives in dark, moist places such as a shoe or a sock. When the foot is unable to breathe, the 250,000 sweat glands perspire heavily and release around a quarter pint of sweat a day.

These are precisely the type of condition in which toenail fungus thrives. It is recommended that you take care of your feet and clean the white smelly toenail gunk on a regular basis to avoid encouraging fungus to grow.

How to Treat White Smelly Stuff under Your Toenails

If the white smelly stuff under your toenail smells, you probably have toenail fungus. You should treat toenail fungus as soon as possible to avoid the problem getting worse. If you don’t the fungus will grow and you could lose your toenail.

Treating toenail fungus can be performed at home. All you need is a good set of pedicure utensils and some over-the-counter foot cream that is specially formulated to treat fungal infections. Selected ointments and gels work as well.

To get rid of the white smelly gunk under your toenails follow this daily foot hygiene routine:

  1. Dry your feet well after washing or coming in from the rain. Leaving your feet damp encourages fungus to grow.
  2. Wear antifungal socks.
  3. Change your socks every day.
  4. If your feet perspire a lot, use a foot antiperspirant or talc to reduce the amount of sweat your feet perspire.
  5. If possible, wear shoes or sneakers that allow your feet to breathe.
  6. Clean under your toenails and scrape away the smelly white gunk with a nail file
  7. Keep your toenails trimmed and filed. If you have thick or brittle nails, use a good pair of heavy nail clippers
  8. Apply anti-fungal treatment to your feet and toenails at least twice a day after washing; in the morning and before you go to bed.
  9. If you are already suffering from toenail fungus, you should also soak your feet when you get in from work, clean your nails and apply anti-fungal treatment.

If the condition does not improve after several months, you might want to consult a doctor and ask them to recommend a stronger treatment. However, you should note that it can take up to 18 months for toenail fungus to heal completely.

Which Treatments for Toenail Fungus Work?

Because toenail fungus is so common, there are many treatments including home remedies. However, many home remedies are not scientifically proven to work even though there are studies that suggest they might.

If you do have toenail fungus or think you may be developing a problem, the best thing to do is apply a treatment that is specially formulated to treat fungal infections.

How to Prevent Bad Smelling Toenails

The best way to treat toenail fungus is to prevent it. If you are worried about the white smelly gunk under your toenails running rampant, take the precaution of looking after your feet on a daily basis in order to reduce the risk of infection.

Preventing toenail fungus follows the same process as a treatment for fungal affections. There are other preventative actions you can take in addition to taking care of your feet. Being aware of how fungal infections are contracted and grow, as we explain in the guide, is a good starting point for practicing general foot hygiene.

You should, therefore, be careful to protect your feet against the risk of fungal infections. Make sure your feet are covered with appropriate footwear or socks in public spaces that are typically riddled with fungi and bacteria such as public changing rooms, swimming baths, and the airport.

You should never wear anybody else’s shoes or socks and avoid treating toenails that have suffered a trauma. If you have an open wound on your feet, clean it with antibacterial lotion and keep the wound covered.

Toenail fungus should be treated as early as possible to avoid the condition getting worse. So make sure you clean the white smelly gunk under your toenails and apply antifungal treatments on a regular basis.

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Top 5 Signs Your Toenail Fungus May Have Escalated to an Infection: Rocky Mountain Foot & Ankle Center: Foot & Ankle Surgeons

A little case of toenail fungus is practically a rite of passage — you quickly learn not to go barefoot in a locker room or shared shower area again and to always pack clean socks. But what happens when your toenail problem goes beyond a suspect smell and yellowed appearance?

At Rocky Mountain Foot and Ankle Center, with locations in Wheat Ridge, Granby, Evergreen, and Arvada, Colorado, our team of podiatrists and foot and ankle surgeons provide care for fungal toenail infections and much more. They believe in educating patients about skin and nail care so you can help avoid common problems and keep your feet healthy and strong. 

Toenail fungus 101

Damp, warm environments breed fungi like crazy, and your nail bed is home sweet home where toenail fungus is concerned. If the fungus takes a strong hold under the nail, you can end up with a nasty infection.

Your chances of contracting a toenail fungus increase if you:

  • Walk around in locker rooms barefoot
  • Have had recurring athlete’s foot
  • Have poor circulation in your feet and toes
  • Ever share your nail-clippers, socks, or shoes with other people
  • Tend to sweat heavily
  • Don’t change your socks or wear the same pair of shoes all the time   

Top 5 signs your toenail fungus has gone nuclear

You need to get to a podiatrist if you see any of the following serious symptoms of fungal toenail infection:

1. Nail color changes

If your nail turns white and chalky or yellow, it’s not a good sign. If it turns brown or green, it’s a very bad sign. It means the fungus has really gotten out of control, and your toe is infected.

2. Nail position changes

If your nail starts to curl downward or upward, it’s time to be concerned. If it lifts away from the nail bed, you’ve got a real problem. It means the connection between your nail and your toe is being destroyed by infection.

3. Nail texture changes

If your nail gets brittle and breaks easily, it’s a sign the fungal infection is changing the composition of the nail. If it becomes soft and chalky and starts to crumble away, the infection is starting to become severe. 

4. Nail smell changes

Feet are stinky, but if a bad odor is coming from your nails, it’s probably fungus. If the stench is awful even after a good scrubbing, it’s likely an infection run amok.

5. Nail sensation changes

Your nails may feel sensitive if you’re on your feet a lot, or your shoes are too small, but pain that comes from under the nail bed is likely from a fungal infection and is a sign you need medical attention.  

Think your toenail fungus has escalated to an infection? Don’t delay. Give your nearest Rocky Mountain Foot & Ankle location a call for an appointment or schedule one online today.

7 Ways To Know If There’s Fungus In Your Nails

If your nails are looking a little off, in terms of color or texture, it may be related to health condition. No matter how much care you may take of your nails — toes and hands — occasionally you can get fungus under nails that can definitely be harder to detect. If you are questioning whether or not you have nail fungus, you’ll want to consult your doctor as soon as possible.

As a certified health coach, I recommend people regularly assess their bodies to see if there’s anything outside the norm. And, if there is, a doctor’s appointment is the next move. So, what’s nail fungus exactly? Onychomycosis, a fancy name for nail fungus, can happen when your nails come into contact with fungus, or yeast. This can occur when you’ve been in a moist environment, during exercise, or sometimes when wearing fake nails, as it’s possible for fungus to get stuck under your real nails (and have a pretty easy hiding spot). Well, if you have nail fungus, don’t freak out, as it’s easy to treat. A few ways? Tsippora Shainhouse, MD, FAAD, a dermatologist in Beverly Hills tells Bustle your best bet is, “[t]rimming back the dead, infected nail. Treating concomitant athletes foot (it goes back and forth from foot to nails all the time), using topical antifungal solutions daily for up to a year, and taking oral antifungal pills.” Here are seven signs you might have nail fungus to look out for.

1

You Are Prone To Athlete’s Foot

If you’ve ever had athlete’s foot — a common fungal infection that occurs when feet become sweaty and are kept in tight-fitting shoes — or you get it often, you should check those nails out, as you might have fungus hiding underneath. “[Nail fungus] is commonly associated with athletes foot, aka, tinea pedis,” says Shainhouse. And you can also go to a doctor for an expert’s opinion and diagnosis, too.

2

You’ve Had A Toenail Infection Recently

If you’ve had a toenail infection recently, check to make sure there’s no fungus remaining, because it could affect your finger nails. “It affects toenails more commonly than fingernails, and fingernail infection is typically preceded by or associated with toenail infection,” says Shainhouse. Here’s how to know you possibly have a nail infection: there will be pain, redness, and swelling, as well as possible pus, in the infected area.

3

Your Nails Are Yellow

Ashley Batz/Bustle

Don’t freak out, but if your nails turn yellow, it may be fungus. You’ll likely notice “yellowish nail discoloration (sometimes it looks brown or white),” says Shainhouse. It can be small areas of fungus, where “the yellow nail changes begin at the cuticle side of the nail,” or it can take over the whole nail, where it’s completely yellow, Shainhouse says. It depends on the extremity.

4

Your Nail’s Texture Is Crumbly

Cookies are great when crumbly, but nails? Not so much. If you see that “the entire nail plate is affected and looks yellow and crumbly,” it’s a good sign of fungus, says Shainhouse. This type of “subungual debris (crumbly stuff under the nail),” can get worse unless treated as needed.

5

The Nail Is Lifting

You might notice “onycholysis (aka nail lifting),” says Shainhouse, where “your nail is lifting at the [end], edge, or sides of the nails.” This is most common among athletes from exercise strains or shoe discomfort.

6

There’s A White, Powder-Like Texture

Of course, while it’s common to see yellowness on the nail surface, a discoloration that’s more of a white, thick coat may happen, sometimes meaning a fungus. “Some versions will have a white, powdery look on nail surface,” says Shainhouse. So, if you get this type of appearance, too, you’ll want to get checked out.

7

Your Nail Is Thick

Shainhouse says that you might also notice a thickening of your nails or a more rough, sturdy appearance, especially in toenails, Shainhouse says. If it seems impossible to trim nails, as they are too bulky, you may want to see a doctor for a check up.

If you think that you might have nail fungus, you’ll want to get a diagnosis and start the healing process as soon as possible. Letting fungus persist will only make it harder to heal later on. And luckily, treatments are super easy and not invasive.

About the procedure with nails | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

This information will help you prepare for a nail procedure in your doctor’s office, such as a nail pull or biopsy.

Tear-off is a procedure to remove the nail plate (the hard part of the nail) from a finger or toe. A doctor may recommend this procedure if other treatments have failed to resolve your nail problems.

Tear-off of the nail can be performed for:

  • treating nail infection;
  • removal of nail build-up;
  • for treating serious nail injury;
  • ingrown toenail treatment.

Tear-off can also be performed to treat nail problems (eg, redness, swelling, bleeding, pain, infection, or foul odor) caused by cancer treatments. Taxane chemotherapy and some targeted therapies can cause nail problems.

A nail biopsy is a procedure in which a sample of the skin underneath the nail is taken.
It can be performed to check for abnormal cells.

to come back to the beginning

Before the procedure

  • Buy special bandages for fingers or toes.You will need to use them after the procedure. You can buy them at your nearest pharmacy.
  • If the procedure will be on toes, you may bring open-toed shoes to wear after the procedure.
  • If you are driving a car to your appointment, bring someone with you to drive you home after your appointment.

Shower the evening before your procedure or the morning of your procedure. You can eat and take all medications as usual.

to come back to the beginning

What to expect during the procedure

About 5 to 10 minutes before your procedure, your doctor or nurse will give you an injection (shot) of a local anesthetic (medication that will numb the area) near the affected nail (s).
They will also wash the affected area with medical soap or rubbing alcohol.

After the area is numb, your doctor will remove part or all of the nail plate.

After the nail is removed, the doctor or nurse will dress the wound with an antibiotic ointment.Your doctor may also give you a prescription for an antibiotic to take at home.

to come back to the beginning

Wound Care

  • Leave the bandage on for __________ hours after your procedure. Keep it dry.
  • Change dressing in _____ hours (s). Follow the instructions in the “Change the dressing” section.
  • A feeling of numbness in the affected area 1–2 hours after the procedure is a normal reaction. This is due to the action of the local anesthetic.
  • If you had your toe procedure, do not wear tight clothing for 1–2 weeks after your procedure. If your clothes are too tight, you may inadvertently pull off the bandage while undressing.
  • Do not swim, do any strenuous exercise (such as jogging or playing tennis), or lift anything heavier than 5-10 pounds (2. 3-4.5 kg) for _____ weeks after your procedure.

Complete renewal of the fingernail takes 6 months, and of the toenail – 1 year.The new nail usually has a normal appearance.

Dressing change

Change dressing _____ hours after your procedure. Follow these steps:

  1. Soak the affected toe or hand in warm water for 15 minutes. This will help prevent the dressing from sticking to the wound.
  2. Carefully remove the bandage.
  3. Wash the wound with soap and water. Blot it dry with clean gauze.
  4. Check the wound for a blue or purple discoloration or redness.If you see any discoloration or redness, call your doctor.
  5. Apply ___________ ointment to the wound and apply a new bandage over the top. Keep the tip of your finger or toe open so you can check for discoloration or redness.

Change the dressing 1-2 times a day until the wound is completely healed. It usually takes 5-7 days.

to come back to the beginning

Elimination of side effects

After your procedure, you may experience throbbing, pain, swelling, bleeding, discharge, and tenderness in the affected finger or toe. To manage these side effects, follow these guidelines.

  • For the first 48 hours after the procedure, raise the affected arm or leg as high as possible above the level of the heart. This will help reduce pain and swelling. Try to keep the affected arm or leg raised as often as possible for 1 week.
  • If you experience bleeding, press a clean gauze pad firmly to the wound for 15 minutes. If the bleeding has not stopped after 15 minutes, clamp the wound firmly for another 15 minutes.If bleeding still does not stop, call your doctor.
  • If you want, you can take acetaminophen (Tylenol ® ) or extra strength acetaminophen (Extra Strength Tylenol ® ) to relieve pain or discomfort. Do not take aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen (Advil ® ) or naproxen (Aleve ® ). These medicines may worsen bleeding.
    • Follow the dosage instructions on the packaging.If the indicated dosage does not relieve pain, call your doctor.
    • If you are allergic to acetaminophen or cannot take it for health reasons, ask your healthcare provider which medication you can take instead.
    • If you are participating in a clinical trial for cancer treatment, ask your oncologist (cancer doctor) which pain medications you can take.
  • You can also apply an ice pack to the wound to reduce pain, swelling and bruising.Apply an ice pack to the wound for 15 to 20 minutes every hour, or as directed by your healthcare provider.

to come back to the beginning

Call your doctor if you have:

  • Temperature 100.4 ° F (38 ° C) or higher
  • chills;
  • any of the following symptoms in or around the wound:
    • Increasing redness or swelling of the tip of a finger or toe;
    • increasing pain or discomfort;
    • Skin that is hard, warm or hot to the touch;
    • highlighting bright yellow or green;
    • foul odor from skin or nails;
    • bleeding that does not stop after pressing the napkin;
    • Change the color of the tip of a finger or toe to blue or purple;
  • persistent or worsening skin symptoms;
  • new or worsening symptoms after initiation of skin treatment.

to come back to the beginning

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Dermatologists of St. Petersburg – reviews – DocDoc.ru

Dermatologists of St. Petersburg – latest reviews

The consultation was excellent. The doctor conducted an examination and explained everything to me clearly enough. The duration of the appointment was quite enough to sort out all the questions of interest to me. I can safely recommend this specialist to my friends.

Hope,

October 19, 2021

The reception was great.Arina Olegovna is a competent doctor. She examined me, held a consultation, explained everything about my situation and prescribed proper treatment. We continue our examination with her.

Valeria,

October 19, 2021

The reception went well.Nadezhda Olegovna is a very polite doctor and disposed to herself. It can be seen that she has a lot of experience. The doctor explained everything to me, prescribed the necessary tests and suggested a diagnosis. I will apply again.

Maria,

October 16, 2021

The doctor is unremarkable.Things are good. At the reception, Natalya Anatolyevna listened to all my complaints, prescribed treatment. Spent enough time, explained all the information in an accessible way. Would apply again.

Anastasia,

October 15, 2021

An excellent doctor, good, kind, professional.Things are good. At the reception, Natalya Evgenievna conducted an exhaustive consultation, prescribed treatment, conducted an examination, and a survey. She explained everything clearly, answered all my questions. I will recommend the reception, I stayed e. I haven’t started the treatment yet, I can’t evaluate the result. I was pleased with the quality of the reception.

Tatiana,

October 14, 2021

The doctor is attentive, friendly.I like it. At the reception, Oleg Viktorovich conducted an examination, consultation, prescribed analogs much cheaper than those that had been appointed before. He explained everything clearly, answered questions. I cannot estimate the result yet.

Kristina,

October 14, 2021

At the reception, the doctor listened to me, looked through the tests, conducted therapy and gave her recommendations.The doctor is attentive, polite, explains everything clearly and easily. I can recommend this specialist to my friends, if necessary, and if necessary, I can apply again. I was pleased with the quality of the reception.

Darya,

October 13, 2021

I had my first appointment.Grigory Yurievich interviewed, ordered a test and gave me preliminary recommendations. He was delicate and considerate. I chose a specialist based on reviews.

Nigina,

07 October 2021

At the appointment, the doctor listened to me, answered all my questions and gave appointments.The doctor is attentive, responsive, pleasant in communication, explains everything clearly and easily. I can recommend this specialist to my friends, if necessary, and if necessary, I can apply again. I was pleased with the quality of the reception.

Anna,

05 October 2021

Hello, I was at a trichologist’s appointment today, initially, I did not like the consultation and the attitude in general.The appointment was started later by ~ 20-25 minutes, despite the fact that I arrived in advance and my appointment was at 12-20, I think that with paid consultations this is unacceptable! As a result, my consultation was the last and I was not given proper time, I did not have time to ask additional questions, and the doctor began to gather about her business, simultaneously telling me in the corridor about additional. preparations. I do not consider the consultation to be of high quality, I will not come to this clinic and to this doctor again.

Anonymous,

September 27, 2021

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Remitazol is a preparation based on herbal and plant extracts, it works flawlessly even in the most advanced cases. Today, all people can get sick with a fungus, regardless of age. Any contact with dirty flooring can lead to infection.

Anna

The natural composition of the cream from the fungus Remitazol (Remitazol) allows you to use it for long courses against any type of mycoses.

Cream Remitazol is an excellent drug: It was important for me when choosing a drug for fungus: its effectiveness, natural composition, low price. Remitazole fully meets my requirements. And as a bonus, it has a light, unobtrusive aroma, which is also not unimportant, I was very afraid that it would smell strong.Where to buy comprehensive toenail fungus treatment? Remitazol for mycosis is an effective remedy that guarantees a result without harm to health. Course therapy allows you to achieve complete recovery, provides long-term remission. Deramtologists recommend that their patients who come to an appointment with a fungal infection of the skin or nails to undergo a full course of medical therapy using this particular plant-based cream

Nail fungus (mycosis and onychomycosis) is a destructive change in the type and structure of the nail plate, sometimes with.Often, the mycologist prescribes complex therapy, using external drugs in the treatment program, whose effect is enhanced by taking tablets, capsules. Also in the treatment program. Mycosis is a fungal infection. Its causative agents are pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms. … As a rule, there are two stages of toenail fungus, and at the initial stage it is easy to overlook. Toenail fungus is a serious problem, and often a single application of medicated varnish or cream is not enough…. If you have a fungal infection on your toenail, it may gradually spread to one or more of your nails. This happens quite often in both children and adults. You can. Causes of the disease with a fungal infection. Fungi are parasites that cause disease in many organs and tissues. Infection with a fungal infection is called mycosis. Most often, the infection affects the skin of the legs, hands, nails and hair, sometimes even internal organs. Children and the elderly are the most. Nail fungus is not only an unpleasant problem, but also ugly.It is embarrassing to appear on the beach with nails affected by fungus, it is impossible to wear elegant shoes, you cannot go to the pool. For a successful fight against the disease, it is necessary to choose the right medicines. Contents: Why. Treatment of foot and nail fungus. Treatment of corns, cracks and corns. Prosthetics of the nail plate. … The list of services of our center is constantly expanding: today we offer our clients not only comprehensive care and treatment of feet, but also related services: manicure, massage.Nail fungus or onychomycosis (medical name) is a disease that occurs when the nail plate is damaged. Yeast-like fungi are 5 times more likely to infect fingernails than toenails. Toxic and impair the functioning of the whole organism; Molds. Onychomycosis caused by molds. Treatment of nail fungus. Nail fungus is an unpleasant and fairly common disease that affects everyone. After some time after visiting such places, symptoms of toenail fungus, including on the big toe, may appear.These may include 1: Loss. Only a comprehensive treatment can get rid of toenail fungus. For a positive result, you need to use several ways to combat fungal injection. Only the right approach will quickly get rid of the disease. Diagnosis of mycosis on the legs.

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Over time, with the constant use of the Remitazol complex, the nail plate begins to accumulate biologically active substances. In a certain way, a special protective shell is created, which prevents re-infection. Then a new healthy nail begins to grow at the root.
complex treatment of toenail fungus

Over time, with the constant use of the Remitazol complex, the nail plate begins to accumulate biologically active substances. In a certain way, a special protective shell is created, which prevents re-infection. Then a new healthy nail begins to grow at the root.

The form of the fungus remedy is as important as the components of the composition. … At the same time, it is also not worth postponing the treatment of the fungus for months, any pathogen of those that.Inexpensive and effective formulations are not always approved during pregnancy. Acceptable: external agents of categories A and B. Only the attending physician prescribes interferon preparations, namely for the prevention of influenza and colds, treatment of pneumonia and complications of respiratory diseases, increasing their own immune forces, only some of the types of drugs are used. They have anti-inflammatory properties. Topical broad-spectrum preparations against nail fungus. Antifungal agents for candidiasis. … The most toxic drugs for the treatment of deep lesions are sold only by prescription: in these cases, complex therapy will be required, with the use of tablets – antibiotics and antimycotics, as well.Mycoses of the nose and paranasal sinuses – damage to the mucous membranes of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses of fungal etiology. The main clinical manifestations are intoxication syndrome, dryness, itching and a feeling of discomfort, which are replaced by a violation of N. Let’s find out the reason for the development of a fungal infection. Fungus in the ears, fungus in the throat. We will prescribe you drugs that will help strengthen and speed up the immune system. The peculiarity of fungal infections of the ear, throat and nose is their difficult diagnosis and the love of fungi for antibiotics, especially with.It interacts with the cytoplasmic membranes of fungi. … The use of lipid forms of the drug can reduce the incidence of these reactions. … Sulfonylamides, zyvox and synercide for the treatment of diseases of the ear, throat, nose. ANTIFUNGAL DRUGS. Fungus Treatment – Creams / Ointments. … The spread of the harmful fungus occurs due to the high blood flow rate. Under the influence of the drug, the membrane of the fungal cells will be found, so the extermination of the infection will be quite successful.