How can I prevent my baby from spitting up after feeding. What’s the difference between spitting up and vomiting. Is it normal for babies to gag while breastfeeding. How can I stop my baby from biting during nursing.

Understanding Baby Spit-Up: Causes and Normal Patterns

Many parents wonder why their baby spits up after burping or feeding. It’s a common concern, but in most cases, it’s perfectly normal. Babies often spit up due to their immature digestive systems, overfeeding, or simply as a result of air bubbles trapped during feeding.

Spitting up is different from vomiting. How can you tell the difference? Spitting up is generally a gentle flow of stomach contents, while vomiting is more forceful. Babies typically don’t react negatively to spitting up, but they may cry or show distress when vomiting.

• Spitting up: Gentle flow of fluids
• Vomiting: Forceful projection of stomach contents
• Baby’s reaction: Calm for spit-up, upset for vomiting

Is frequent spitting up a cause for concern? In most cases, no. As long as your baby is gaining weight appropriately and doesn’t seem uncomfortable, occasional spit-up is usually nothing to worry about. However, if you notice excessive spitting up or signs of discomfort, it’s best to consult your pediatrician.

Effective Strategies to Reduce Baby Spit-Up

While some degree of spitting up is normal, there are several strategies parents can employ to minimize its occurrence:

1. Burp your baby frequently, especially after switching breasts
2. Keep your baby upright for at least 30 minutes after feeding
3. Avoid vigorous play or movement immediately after meals
4. Ensure proper positioning during feeding, with the baby’s head above their feet
5. Consider smaller, more frequent feedings rather than large volumes at once

For babies who are bottle-fed, additional tips include:

• Burp after every 1-2 ounces consumed
• Avoid feeding while the baby is lying down
• Choose an appropriate nipple size and flow rate

Do these methods guarantee a spit-up-free experience? While they can significantly reduce the frequency and volume of spit-up, it’s important to remember that some babies may continue to spit up occasionally despite these measures. Most infants outgrow this phase by the time they can sit up independently.

Gagging During Breastfeeding: Causes and Solutions

Gagging during breastfeeding can be distressing for both baby and mother. It often occurs due to a forceful let-down of milk or an oversupply. How can you address this issue?

• Try nursing in a more upright position
• Experiment with side-lying positions to slow milk flow
• Express a small amount of milk before feeding to reduce initial flow
• Ensure regular nursing to prevent engorgement

If gagging persists despite these measures, it’s advisable to consult a lactation consultant or your healthcare provider. They can provide personalized advice and rule out any underlying issues.

Bottle-Feeding Challenges: Addressing Gagging and Choking

Gagging or choking during bottle-feeding, whether with expressed breast milk or formula, can be concerning. How can you make bottle-feeding safer and more comfortable for your baby?

1. Choose a nipple with a slower flow rate
2. Implement paced bottle-feeding techniques
3. Hold the bottle at a less steep angle to control milk flow
4. Allow your baby to take breaks during feeding

Paced bottle-feeding mimics breastfeeding rhythms, giving the baby more control over milk intake and reducing the risk of overfeeding or gagging. This method can be particularly beneficial for breastfed babies who occasionally receive bottles.

Dealing with Biting During Breastfeeding

As babies grow and begin teething, biting during breastfeeding can become an issue. How can mothers prevent or stop this behavior?

• Pay attention to feeding cues and end the session when the baby seems satisfied
• Gently break suction if you sense your baby is about to bite
• Respond immediately if biting occurs, using a firm “No” and briefly ending the feeding
• Offer teething toys or cold washcloths before feeding to soothe sore gums

It’s important to remember that biting is often a phase and doesn’t necessarily mean the end of your breastfeeding journey. Consistent, gentle correction and positive reinforcement can help your baby learn that biting is not acceptable.

The Importance of Proper Latch in Preventing Feeding Issues

A proper latch is crucial for successful breastfeeding and can help prevent many common issues, including spit-up, gagging, and nipple pain. How can you ensure a good latch?

1. Position your baby with their nose level with your nipple
2. Encourage a wide mouth opening before latching
3. Ensure your baby takes in a large portion of the areola, not just the nipple
4. Look for signs of effective suckling and swallowing

If you’re struggling with latch issues, don’t hesitate to seek help from a lactation consultant. They can provide hands-on guidance and tips tailored to your specific situation.

When to Seek Professional Help for Feeding Concerns

While many feeding issues resolve on their own or with simple interventions, there are times when professional help is necessary. When should you consult a healthcare provider or lactation specialist?

• Persistent or excessive spitting up
• Signs of dehydration or poor weight gain
• Projectile vomiting or forceful spit-up
• Refusal to feed or signs of pain during feeding
• Blood in spit-up or stool
• Recurring gagging or choking episodes

Early intervention can prevent minor issues from becoming major problems. Don’t hesitate to reach out if you have concerns about your baby’s feeding patterns or growth.

Nurturing a Positive Breastfeeding Experience

Breastfeeding is a learning experience for both mother and baby. How can you create a positive and nurturing environment for feeding?

1. Practice skin-to-skin contact to promote bonding
2. Create a calm, comfortable feeding environment
3. Stay hydrated and well-nourished
4. Seek support from family, friends, or support groups
5. Be patient with yourself and your baby

Remember, every breastfeeding journey is unique. What works for one mother-baby pair may not work for another. Trust your instincts, seek help when needed, and celebrate the small victories along the way.

The Role of Diet in Breastfeeding Mothers

A mother’s diet can sometimes influence her baby’s digestive comfort. While most foods are safe for breastfeeding mothers, some babies may be sensitive to certain foods in their mother’s diet. Common culprits include:

• Dairy products
• Caffeine
• Spicy foods
• Citrus fruits
• Gas-producing vegetables like broccoli or cabbage

If you suspect your diet is affecting your baby, consider keeping a food diary and discussing it with your healthcare provider. They can help you identify potential triggers and suggest appropriate dietary modifications if necessary.

The Transition to Solid Foods and Its Impact on Feeding Patterns

As babies approach the 6-month mark, the introduction of solid foods can influence their feeding patterns and digestive habits. How does this transition affect breastfeeding and spitting up?

1. Start with small amounts of single-ingredient purees
2. Introduce new foods gradually, watching for any adverse reactions
3. Continue breastfeeding as the primary source of nutrition
4. Be prepared for changes in stool consistency and frequency
5. Watch for signs of readiness, such as good head control and interest in food

The introduction of solids is an exciting milestone, but it’s important to proceed at your baby’s pace. Some babies may experience increased gassiness or changes in spitting up patterns as their digestive systems adjust to new foods.

Understanding Growth Spurts and Their Effect on Feeding

Growth spurts can significantly impact a baby’s feeding habits. During these periods, you may notice:

• Increased frequency of feedings
• Longer feeding sessions
• Fussiness or irritability
• Changes in sleep patterns

Growth spurts are normal and typically occur at predictable intervals, such as around 2-3 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. During these times, your baby may seem hungrier than usual and may want to nurse more frequently. This increased demand helps stimulate your milk supply to meet your growing baby’s needs.

The Importance of Proper Positioning for Comfortable Feeding

Proper positioning during feeding can significantly reduce issues like spit-up, gagging, and discomfort for both mother and baby. What are some key positioning tips?

1. Support your baby’s head and neck
2. Align your baby’s ear, shoulder, and hip
3. Ensure your baby’s nose is level with your nipple
4. Use pillows or nursing supports for comfort
5. Experiment with different positions to find what works best

Common breastfeeding positions include the cradle hold, cross-cradle hold, football hold, and side-lying position. Each has its benefits, and the best choice may vary depending on factors like your baby’s size, your breast shape, and any physical limitations you may have.

Addressing Common Breastfeeding Myths and Misconceptions

There are many myths surrounding breastfeeding that can cause unnecessary worry or confusion for new parents. Let’s address some common misconceptions:

• Myth: Breastfeeding should be painful
• Fact: While some initial discomfort is normal, persistent pain is not and may indicate a problem with latch or positioning

• Myth: You need to toughen your nipples to prepare for breastfeeding
• Fact: This is unnecessary and can be harmful. A good latch is key to preventing nipple soreness

• Myth: You can’t take any medications while breastfeeding
• Fact: Many medications are compatible with breastfeeding, but always consult your healthcare provider

• Myth: Small breasts produce less milk
• Fact: Breast size doesn’t determine milk production capacity

Understanding these facts can help alleviate unnecessary stress and promote a more confident breastfeeding experience.

The Role of Breast Pumps in Managing Feeding Challenges

Breast pumps can be valuable tools in managing various breastfeeding challenges. How can pumping help?

1. Relieve engorgement and prevent mastitis
2. Maintain milk supply when separated from baby
3. Provide breast milk for bottle-feeding if direct nursing is challenging
4. Help increase milk supply if needed
5. Allow partners to participate in feeding

When choosing a breast pump, consider factors like how frequently you’ll use it, your comfort level, and any specific needs you may have. Consult with a lactation specialist to determine the best type of pump for your situation.

Emotional Aspects of Breastfeeding Challenges

Dealing with breastfeeding challenges can be emotionally taxing. It’s important to acknowledge and address the emotional aspects of these experiences. How can you maintain emotional well-being while navigating feeding issues?

• Practice self-compassion and patience
• Seek support from other breastfeeding mothers or support groups
• Communicate openly with your partner about your feelings and needs
• Celebrate small successes and milestones
• Consider professional support if you’re feeling overwhelmed or anxious

Remember, it’s okay to have mixed feelings about breastfeeding. Seeking help and support when needed is a sign of strength, not weakness.

Long-Term Benefits of Persevering Through Breastfeeding Challenges

While facing breastfeeding challenges can be difficult, persevering often leads to significant long-term benefits for both mother and baby. What are some of these benefits?

1. Enhanced bonding between mother and child
2. Improved immune system function for the baby
3. Reduced risk of certain illnesses and conditions for both mother and baby
4. Potential cognitive benefits for the child
5. Cost-effective and convenient feeding method

Of course, it’s important to balance these potential benefits with your overall well-being and that of your baby. Every family’s situation is unique, and the best feeding choice is one that works for both mother and child.

As we conclude this comprehensive exploration of common breastfeeding challenges, remember that each breastfeeding journey is unique. While issues like spitting up, gagging, and biting can be frustrating, they are often temporary phases that can be managed with patience, knowledge, and support. Don’t hesitate to seek professional help when needed, and trust in your ability to provide the best care for your baby. With perseverance and the right support, many mothers find that overcoming these challenges leads to a rewarding and fulfilling breastfeeding experience.

Breastfeeding FAQs: Spitting Up, Gagging, and Biting (for Parents)

en español: Preguntas más frecuentes sobre la lactancia materna: regurgitación, arcadas y mordidas

Medically reviewed by: Jamila H. Richardson, BSN, RN, IBCLC

Breastfeeding is natural, but it takes practice to get it right. Here’s what you need to know about spitting up, gagging, and other concerns during breastfeeding.

Is it Normal for My Baby to Spit Up After Feedings?

Sometimes, babies spit up when they eat too much, or when they burp or drool. Many infants will spit up a little after some — or even all — feedings or during burping because their digestive systems are immature. That’s perfectly normal.

As long as your baby is growing and gaining weight and doesn’t seem uncomfortable with the spitting up, it’s OK. The amount of spit-up often looks like more than it actually is. But spitting up isn’t the same as forcefully vomiting all or most of a feeding.

What’s the Difference Between Spitting Up and Vomiting?

Vomiting is a forceful projection of stomach fluids. Spitting up is a more gentle “flow” of fluids that come up. Babies don’t usually react to spitting up, but a vomiting baby will usually look upset or cry.

If you’re concerned that your baby is vomiting, call your doctor. In rare cases, there may be an allergy, digestive problem, or other problem that needs medical care. It helps to keep track of how often and how much your baby is vomiting or spitting up.

How Can I Keep My Baby From Spitting Up?

If the doctor says your baby’s spitting up is normal, here are some things you can do to help lessen it:

• Burp your baby after each feed from each breast. Sometimes giving smaller feeds more often can help, rather than giving larger-volume feeds.
• Keep your baby upright after feedings for at least 30 minutes. Holding your baby is best, since the way your baby sits in an infant seat may actually make spitting up more likely.
• Don’t jiggle, bounce, or actively play with your baby right after feedings.
• Keep your baby’s head above the feet while feeding. Don’t hold your baby in a dipped-down position when feeding.
• Raise the head of your baby’s crib or bassinet. Roll up a few small hand towels or receiving blankets (or you can buy special wedges) to place under — not on top of — the mattress. Never use a pillow under your baby’s head. Make sure the mattress doesn’t fold in the middle, and that the incline is gentle enough that your baby doesn’t slide down.

If your baby also gets bottles of breast milk or infant formula supplements:

• Burp after your baby drinks 1–2 ounces from a bottle.
• Don’t give the bottle while your little one is lying down.
• Make sure the hole in the nipple is the right size and/or flow for your baby. For example, fast-flow nipples may cause babies to gag or may give them more milk than they can handle at once. Many breastfed babies do well with the slow-flow nipple until they are 3 months old, or even older.

Many babies outgrow spitting up by the time they’re sitting up.

How Can I Keep My Baby From Gagging?

Sometimes the force of your milk (especially when it “lets down”) is so strong that it can cause your baby to gag and pull off of the breast. If this happens during feeding:

• Try nursing your baby in a more upright position (head above the breast). This may ease the force of the milk.
• Nurse in a side-lying position, which also might help slow the flow of milk. 
• Make sure your breasts are not engorged or over-full. Nursing every 2–3 hours can help prevent engorgement. If your breasts are too full and you’re concerned about a forceful letdown, express or pump a little bit of milk a few minutes before feeding time to avoid a strong letdown.

If your baby is pulling off and gagging or coughing during feeding, sit your baby up in a seated burp position. Gently pat the back to help your baby calm down before continuing feeding. If you’ve tried the steps above and this continues to happen, talk to your doctor or lactation consultant. 

If your baby sometimes gags or chokes while taking a bottle of breast milk: 

• Try a different nipple with a slower flow.
• Practice “paced” bottle feeding. This is where you slow down the milk flow from the bottle by holding it at less of an angle and allowing your baby to pause for breaks.

My Baby Bites During Breastfeeding. What Can I Do?

Babies will often play with their mothers’ nipples with their gums, not meaning to cause any harm. But once they start teething, a baby might bite down, not knowing this is hurting mom.

Sometimes you can tell when your baby’s about ready to bite down — usually when satisfied and starting to pull away from the breast. When you sense that your baby is finished feeding and may be bored or feeling playful, end the feeding. Break the suction by slipping your finger into the corner of your baby’s mouth.

If your baby is already biting down, pull your baby closer to you to make it more difficult to pull off easily. Then, break the suction. React calmly without raising your voice. 

Here are more ways to make baby less likely to bite:

• Before a feed, give your baby something to chew on. Make sure it’s big enough that it can’t be swallowed or choked on and that it can’t break into small pieces. A wet washcloth placed in the freezer for 30 minutes makes a handy teething toy. Be sure to take it out of the freezer before it becomes rock hard — you don’t want to bruise those already swollen gums. Wash after each use.
• Say, “Mommy is not for biting. You can bite this.” Then, offer your little one a teething toy or ring.
• Praise your baby — with a hug, kiss, or cuddle — whenever they nurse without biting or trying to bite.

Usually this is enough to stop the biting, but if your baby continues, talk to your doctor or lactation consultant for advice.

Medically reviewed by: Jamila H. Richardson, BSN, RN, IBCLC

Date reviewed: January 2021

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Why Babies Spit Up – HealthyChildren.org

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By: Alejandro Velez, MD, FAAP & Christine Waasdorp Hurtado, MD, FAAP

All babies spit up. Some babies spit up more than others, or at certain times.

Typically, babies spit up after they gulp down some air with breastmilk or formula. A baby’s stomach is small and can’t hold a lot, after all. Milk and air can fill it up quickly.

With a full stomach, any change in position such as bouncing or sitting up can force the flap between the esophagus (food pipe) and stomach to open. And when that flap (the esophageal sphincter) opens, that’s when some of what your baby just ate can make a return appearance.

So, what can you do―if anything―to reduce the amount of your baby’s spit up? How do you know if your baby’s symptoms are part of a larger problem? Read on to learn more.

Common concerns parents have about spit up

My baby spits up a little after most feedings.

• 
  Possible cause:
  Gastroesophageal reflux (normal if mild)

• 
  Action to take: None. The spitting up will grow less frequent and stop as your baby’s muscles mature—especially that flap we talked about earlier. It often just takes time.

My baby gulps their feedings and seems to have a lot of gas.

• 
  Possible cause: Aerophagia (swallowing more air than usual)

• 
  Action to take: Make sure your baby is positioned properly during feeds. Also be sure to burp the baby during and after feeds. Consider trying a different bottle to decrease your baby’s ability to suck in air.

My baby spits up when you bounce them or play with them after meals.

My baby’s spitting up has changed to vomiting with muscle contractions that occur after every feeding. The vomit shoots out with force.

I found blood in my baby’s spit-up or vomit.

• 
  Possible cause: Swelling of the esophagus or stomach (esophagitis or gastritis), or another health problem that requires diagnosis and treatment.

• 
  Action to take: Call you pediatrician right away so they can examine your baby.

Remedies for spitty babies

Regardless of whether or not your baby’s spit up warrants watchful waiting or medical intervention, there are some simple feeding suggestions that can help you deal with the situation at hand.

5 tips to reduce your baby’s spit up

• 
  Avoid overfeeding. Like a gas tank, fill baby’s stomach it too full (or too fast) and it’s going to spurt right back out at you. To help reduce the likelihood of overfeeding, feed your baby smaller amounts more frequently.

• 
  Burp your baby more frequently. Extra gas in your baby’s stomach has a way of stirring up trouble. As gas bubbles escape, they have an annoying tendency to bring the rest of the stomach’s contents up with them. To minimize the chances of this happening, burp not only after, but also during meals.

• 
  Limit active play after meals and hold your baby upright. Pressing on a baby’s belly right after eating can up the odds that anything in their stomach will be forced into action. While
  tummy time is important for babies, postponing it for a while after meals can serve as an easy and effective avoidance technique.

• 
  Consider the formula. If your baby is
  formula feeding, there’s a possibility that their formula could be contributing to their spitting up. While some babies simply seem to fare better with one formula over another without having a true
  allergy or intolerance, an estimated 5% of babies are genuinely unable to handle the proteins found in milk or soy formula―a condition called Cow Milk Protein Intolerance/Allery (CMPI and CMPA). In either case, spitting up may serve as one of several cues your baby may give you that it’s time to discuss alternative formulas with your pediatrician. If your baby does have a true intolerance, a 1- or 2-week trial of hypoallergenic (hydrolyzed) formula designed to be better tolerated might be recommended by your baby’s provider.

• 
  If breastfeeding, consider your diet. Cow’s milk and soy in your diet can worsen spit up in infants with Cow Milk Protein Intolerance/Allergy (CMPI and CMPA). Removing these proteins can help to reduce or eliminate spit up.

• 
  Try a little oatmeal. Giving babies cereal before 6 months is generally not recommended—with one possible exception. Babies and children with dysphagia or reflux, for example, may need their food to be thicker in order to swallow safely or reduce reflux. In response to concerns over
  arsenic in rice, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) now recommends parents of children with these conditions use of oatmeal instead of rice cereal.
  See
  
  Oatmeal: The Safer Alternative for Infants & Children Who Need Thicker Food for more information.

Vomit vs. spit up: what’s the difference?

There is a big difference between vomiting and spitting up:

Vomiting is the forceful throwing up of stomach contents through the mouth. This typically involves using the abdominal muscles and is often uncomfortable, leaving you with a crying child.

Spitting up is the easy flow of stomach contents out of the mouth, frequently with a burp. Spitting up doesn’t involve forceful muscle contractions, brings up only small amounts of milk, and doesn’t distress your baby or make them uncomfortable.

What causes vomiting?

Vomiting occurs when the abdominal muscles and diaphragm contract vigorously while the stomach is relaxed. This reflex action is triggered by the “vomiting center” in the brain after it has been stimulated by:

• Nerves from the stomach and intestine when the gastrointestinal tract is either irritated or swollen by an infection or blockage (as in the stomach bug)

• Chemicals in the blood such as drugs

• Psychological stimuli from disturbing sights or smells

• Stimuli from the middle ear (as in vomiting caused by motion sickness)

Always contact your pediatrician if your baby vomits forcefully after every feeding or if there is ever blood in your baby’s vomit.

Remember

The best way to reduce spit up is to feed your baby before they get very hungry. Gently burp your baby when they take breaks during feedings. Limit active play after meals and hold your baby in an upright position for at least 20 minutes. Always closely supervise your baby during this time.

More information

• 
  How to Keep Your Sleeping Baby Safe: AAP Policy Explained
• 
  Gastroesophageal Reflux & Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Parent FAQs
• 
  How Much and How Often Should Your Baby Eat

Last Updated

10/5/2022

Source

American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (Copyright © 2022)

The information contained on this Web site should not be used as a substitute for the medical care and advice of your pediatrician. There may be variations in treatment that your pediatrician may recommend based on individual facts and circumstances.

Reflux and belching | Nestlé Health Science

1. Nestlé Health Science
2. health care
3. Reflux and belching

Regurgitation is the flow of milk from the stomach into the mouth, which is often ‘spit out’ by the baby. Spitting up is not the same as vomiting , which forces milk out of the baby’s stomach. Symptoms of infantile reflux and regurgitation are typical and usually subside by 12 months of age.

Why is my baby refluxing or spitting up?
Occasionally, infantile reflux and regurgitation can be caused by a food allergy , such as cow’s milk protein allergy (CMP) . An immature gastrointestinal tract, lying down most of the time, and eating almost entirely liquid food can also lead to infantile reflux and regurgitation.

Can my child be allergic to cow’s milk protein?

Infantile reflux and regurgitation are typical symptoms in infants with CMPA.
Children with CMPA usually have more than one symptom, and these symptoms can be very different from each other.

If you think your child has symptoms of reflux or regurgitation , it could be CMPA.
You may have noticed other symptoms (besides reflux or regurgitation) that may affect other parts of your baby’s body.

For a simple and easy way to check for typical symptoms associated with CMPA, you can use our Symptom Checker.

Symptom Analysis

This will allow you to select all cow’s milk related symptoms your baby may have. You can then discuss this with your doctor.

In any case, if you have any doubts or concerns about the health of your child, you should consult with a healthcare professional as soon as possible

Other symptoms of cow’s milk protein allergy

ANAPHILACTIC SHOCK

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CRYING AND COLIC

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CONSTIPATION

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COUGH

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DIARRHEA

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ECZEMA

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GROWTH DISTURBANCE

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urticaria

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REFUSAL TO FOOD

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RASH

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Runny nose and sneezing

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EDITEC

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VOMITING

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HRIP

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IMPORTANT NOTE: : It is possible to continue breastfeeding if the infant is allergic to cow’s milk protein. To do this, the mother needs a special diet with the exclusion of all sources of cow’s milk protein. Only if these measures do not bring the desired effect, the doctor recommends the use of a special therapeutic mixture intended for children from 0 to 1 year old.
It is important to follow the correct methods of preparing the mixture: using boiled water, sterilized bottles and following the rules for diluting the mixture. Medicinal mixtures intended for diet therapy of CMPA should be used under the supervision of a physician.

Regurgitation in newborns – when to see a doctor?

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