How does metabolism change for women over 40. What happens to hair as women age. Why do bladder control issues increase after 40. How does memory function shift in middle-aged women. What urinary problems become more common as women get older. How does skin change after 40. Why do women experience mood swings in their 40s. What happens to bone density as women age.

The Slowing Metabolism Conundrum: Navigating Weight Management After 40

As women enter their 40s, one of the most noticeable changes is a decrease in metabolic rate. This shift can catch many off guard, leading to unexpected weight gain despite maintaining the same diet and exercise routine. But why does this happen?

The primary reason for this metabolic slowdown is a gradual decrease in muscle mass that occurs naturally with age. Muscle tissue burns more calories than fat tissue, even at rest. As we lose muscle, our bodies require fewer calories to maintain weight, making it easier to gain fat if we don’t adjust our eating habits.

To combat this metabolic deceleration, women over 40 should consider the following strategies:

• Increase protein intake to help maintain and build muscle mass
• Incorporate strength training exercises into your fitness routine
• Practice portion control and mindful eating
• Prioritize sleep, as lack of sleep can disrupt hormones that regulate hunger and metabolism
• Stay hydrated, as proper hydration supports metabolic function

By implementing these changes, women can mitigate the effects of a slowing metabolism and maintain a healthy weight as they age.

Thinning Tresses: Understanding and Addressing Hair Loss in Middle Age

Hair thinning is a common concern for women in their 40s, often causing distress and impacting self-esteem. While it’s rare for women to experience complete baldness, many notice a decrease in hair volume and density. What’s behind this change in hair growth patterns?

The primary culprit is hormonal fluctuations, particularly the decline in estrogen levels as women approach menopause. Estrogen plays a crucial role in hair growth cycles, and its decrease can lead to slower hair growth and increased shedding.

To combat hair thinning, consider these strategies:

1. Use volumizing shampoos and conditioners
2. Reduce heat styling and harsh chemical treatments
3. Incorporate scalp massage into your hair care routine to stimulate blood flow
4. Consult with a dermatologist about topical treatments like minoxidil
5. Consider nutritional supplements that support hair health, such as biotin and iron

While some degree of hair thinning may be inevitable, these approaches can help maintain healthier, fuller-looking hair as you age.

The Bladder Dilemma: Managing Incontinence and Urinary Changes

Urinary incontinence becomes increasingly common for women in their 40s and beyond. This can range from occasional leaks when sneezing or laughing to more frequent, urgent needs to urinate. Why does bladder control become more challenging with age?

The primary reason is the weakening of pelvic floor muscles, which support the bladder and urethra. This weakening is often exacerbated by hormonal changes, particularly the decrease in estrogen that occurs during perimenopause and menopause.

To address bladder control issues, women can try the following:

• Practice Kegel exercises to strengthen pelvic floor muscles
• Maintain a healthy weight to reduce pressure on the bladder
• Limit bladder irritants like caffeine and alcohol
• Try bladder training exercises to increase control
• Consider pelvic floor physical therapy with a specialist

With proper management and treatment, many women can significantly improve their bladder control and quality of life.

Cognitive Shifts: Navigating Memory Changes and Brain Health

Many women in their 40s begin to notice changes in their cognitive function, particularly in areas of memory and concentration. These shifts can be concerning, but understanding the underlying causes can help in addressing them effectively.

The primary factor behind these cognitive changes is, once again, hormonal fluctuations. Estrogen plays a crucial role in cognitive function, and its decline during perimenopause can affect memory and mental clarity. Additionally, factors like stress, sleep disturbances, and multitasking can exacerbate these issues.

To support brain health and cognitive function, consider these strategies:

1. Engage in regular physical exercise, which promotes brain health
2. Practice mindfulness and stress-reduction techniques
3. Ensure adequate sleep, aiming for 7-9 hours per night
4. Challenge your brain with puzzles, learning new skills, or languages
5. Maintain social connections, as social engagement supports cognitive health

It’s important to note that while some cognitive changes are normal, persistent or severe memory issues should be discussed with a healthcare provider to rule out other potential causes.

Urinary Health Challenges: Preventing and Managing UTIs in Midlife

As women age, they may notice an increase in urinary tract infections (UTIs). These can be uncomfortable and, if left untreated, potentially lead to more serious health issues. But why do UTIs become more common after 40?

The primary reason is the decrease in estrogen levels, which plays a protective role against bacteria in the urinary tract. Additionally, changes in vaginal pH and the thinning of vaginal tissue can make it easier for bacteria to multiply and cause infections.

To reduce the risk of UTIs and maintain urinary health, women can:

• Stay well-hydrated to flush out bacteria
• Practice good hygiene, wiping from front to back after using the bathroom
• Urinate before and after sexual activity
• Consider probiotics to promote healthy bacteria balance
• Discuss topical estrogen treatments with a healthcare provider if UTIs are recurrent

By implementing these preventive measures, many women can reduce their risk of UTIs and maintain better urinary health as they age.

Skin Deep: Understanding and Adapting to Changing Skin in Your 40s

As women enter their 40s, they often notice significant changes in their skin’s appearance and texture. These changes can include increased dryness, loss of elasticity, and the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. But what’s driving these skin transformations?

The primary factors behind skin changes in midlife include decreased collagen production, reduced cell turnover, and hormonal shifts that affect skin hydration and oil production. Additionally, years of sun exposure and lifestyle factors begin to show their cumulative effects.

To address these skin changes and maintain a healthy, vibrant complexion, consider the following strategies:

1. Upgrade your skincare routine with products containing retinoids, peptides, and antioxidants
2. Prioritize sun protection with broad-spectrum SPF, even on cloudy days
3. Increase hydration both internally (by drinking more water) and externally (with hydrating skincare products)
4. Consider professional treatments like chemical peels or microdermabrasion
5. Focus on a nutrient-rich diet that supports skin health

By adapting your skincare routine and lifestyle to address these changes, you can help maintain healthy, radiant skin well into your 40s and beyond.

Emotional Rollercoaster: Managing Mood Swings and Mental Health

Many women in their 40s experience increased mood swings and emotional volatility. These changes can be frustrating and impact various aspects of life, from relationships to work performance. But what’s behind these emotional fluctuations?

The primary cause is hormonal changes associated with perimenopause. As estrogen and progesterone levels fluctuate, they can affect neurotransmitters in the brain that regulate mood. Additionally, life stressors common in midlife, such as career pressures, family responsibilities, and health concerns, can exacerbate mood issues.

To manage mood swings and support mental health, consider these approaches:

• Practice regular stress-reduction techniques like meditation or yoga
• Maintain a consistent exercise routine, which can boost mood-regulating neurotransmitters
• Prioritize sleep hygiene to ensure adequate rest
• Consider cognitive-behavioral therapy to develop coping strategies
• Discuss hormone therapy options with a healthcare provider if mood swings are severe

By addressing both the hormonal and lifestyle factors contributing to mood swings, many women can achieve better emotional balance during this transitional period.

Bone Health Matters: Preventing Osteoporosis and Maintaining Strength

As women enter their 40s, maintaining bone health becomes increasingly important. This is because bone density tends to decrease more rapidly in the years leading up to and following menopause. But why does this happen, and what can be done about it?

The primary reason for accelerated bone loss in midlife is the decline in estrogen levels. Estrogen plays a crucial role in maintaining bone density by regulating the balance between bone formation and breakdown. As estrogen levels drop, bone breakdown can outpace formation, leading to a net loss of bone density.

To support bone health and reduce the risk of osteoporosis, women should consider the following strategies:

1. Engage in weight-bearing exercises and strength training to stimulate bone formation
2. Ensure adequate calcium intake through diet or supplements
3. Maintain sufficient vitamin D levels, which aids in calcium absorption
4. Limit alcohol consumption and avoid smoking, which can negatively impact bone health
5. Discuss bone density screenings with your healthcare provider

By taking proactive steps to maintain bone health, women can reduce their risk of osteoporosis and fractures as they age, supporting overall health and independence in later years.

Adapting to Hormonal Shifts: The Role of Hormone Therapy

As women navigate the various changes that occur after 40, many consider hormone therapy (HT) as a potential solution. But what exactly is hormone therapy, and how can it help?

Hormone therapy involves supplementing the body with estrogen and, in some cases, progesterone to alleviate symptoms associated with perimenopause and menopause. These symptoms can include hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and mood swings.

While hormone therapy can be effective for many women, it’s not without risks. Here are some key points to consider:

• HT can help maintain bone density and reduce the risk of osteoporosis
• It may improve skin elasticity and reduce the appearance of fine lines
• HT can alleviate vaginal dryness and improve sexual function
• There are potential risks associated with HT, including an increased risk of certain cancers and cardiovascular issues
• The decision to use hormone therapy should be made in consultation with a healthcare provider, considering individual health history and risk factors

For many women, the benefits of hormone therapy outweigh the risks, but it’s crucial to have an informed discussion with a healthcare provider to determine the best approach for individual needs.

Embracing a Holistic Approach to Midlife Health

As we’ve explored the various changes women experience after 40, it becomes clear that a holistic approach to health is essential. This means addressing not just physical symptoms, but also emotional, mental, and social aspects of well-being.

Consider incorporating these elements into your midlife health strategy:

1. Regular health screenings, including mammograms, pap smears, and bone density tests
2. A balanced diet rich in nutrients that support overall health and specific midlife needs
3. Regular exercise that includes cardiovascular activity, strength training, and flexibility work
4. Stress management techniques, such as mindfulness meditation or journaling
5. Nurturing social connections and relationships
6. Pursuing new interests or hobbies to maintain cognitive engagement
7. Prioritizing self-care and setting boundaries to manage work-life balance

By taking a comprehensive approach to health and well-being, women can navigate the changes of midlife with greater ease and enjoy this phase of life to its fullest.

The Power of Perspective: Reframing Midlife Changes

While the physical and emotional changes that occur after 40 can be challenging, it’s important to recognize that this phase of life also brings unique opportunities for growth and self-discovery. How can women reframe their perspective on aging to embrace these changes?

Consider these empowering viewpoints:

• View midlife as a time of increased wisdom and self-awareness
• Appreciate the freedom that often comes with children growing more independent
• Recognize the value of life experience in navigating personal and professional challenges
• Embrace the opportunity to prioritize personal health and well-being
• Celebrate the confidence that often grows with age

By shifting perspective and focusing on the positive aspects of aging, women can approach midlife changes with resilience and optimism, turning challenges into opportunities for personal growth and fulfillment.

8 Ways Women’s Bodies Change After 40

Home → The Women’s Health Blog → 8 Ways Women’s Bodies Change After 40 & What To Do About It

Despite some Silicon Valley entrepreneurs’ efforts to achieve immortality, aging still appears to be unavoidable. If you’re concerned about aging (and who isn’t?), we’ve put together eight changes that usually occur to women in their 40s. But don’t despair! There are ways you can remedy, alleviate, and even accommodate this change in your life.

1. After age 40, your metabolism begins to slow down

As we grow older, the efficiency with which our body produces energy is markedly decreased. Even if the routine of our daily activities doesn’t change as we age, less of our caloric intake is burned. This causes a reduction in the energy produced, and the unburnt calories cruelly turn into fat.

The remedy is simple, but simple is not always easy – both your diet and exercise routine must significantly change. A smaller caloric intake, coupled with an increase in regular exercise, will help you maintain the weight and energy levels of your younger self. Keep this up into middle age and beyond and watch longevity become your best friend. (Caveat: an increase in willpower is also required.)

2. Why is my hair falling out?

Only a small percentage of women actually lose enough hair to cause bald spots. But in their 40s, most women will experience their hair thinning out a bit. Estrogen plays a significant role in women’s hair growth. It’s not surprising that hair loss increases as the approach of menopause causes estrogen production to decrease.

To alleviate thinning hair, you can reduce the frequency of washing your hair. This allows the natural oils produced by your scalp to better condition your locks. Always use a conditioner, limit the use of styling tools that rely on applications of heat, and limit chemical treatments like coloring. To restore hair growth, Minoxidil has shown some efficacy.

3. Your bladder can sometimes elude your control

Again, the culprit is the decrease in estrogen production that accompanies perimenopause (the period preceding true menopause). Estrogen loss weakens the muscles that support the bladder and the urethra. When the muscles are weakened, any abrupt clenching of the diaphragm can lead to leakage. This means you can no longer safely (or dryly) cough, sneeze, or enjoy a good belly laugh. (If it makes you feel any better, men have their own significant problems in this regard.)

There are several effective remedies for incontinence. They can enable you to resume fearlessly laughing, coughing, and sneezing with gusto. Taking off a few extra pounds will alleviate pressure on the bladder, and reducing your intake of alcohol and caffeinated beverages will make leaks less likely. Kegel exercises will help rebuild the weakened bladder and urethral muscles. If none of these methods provide a cure, your treating OB/GYN can provide medical procedures that are very effective.

4. Memory loss: your brain goes AWOL

There’s got to be a good reason why you’re standing in front of the fridge, right?

Some loss of brain function between perimenopause and post-menopause is so common among women as to be almost unavoidable. One more time, it’s that pesky midlife refusal of the ovaries to pump out the usual dosage of estrogen that causes problems.

Women have estrogen receptors in two brain areas that control memory, and when there’s less estrogen, there are negative structural changes in those areas.

But there’s some good news about memory loss!

Just because brain fog is normal doesn’t mean that you can’t fight it! Your brain’s operational efficiency is largely dependent on the amount of oxygen provided to it by your bloodstream. So, what’s good for your heart is good for your brain. This means a vigorous program of exercise, a healthy diet, and effective stress management. And work your brain! Crossword puzzles, reading difficult books, and similar brain exercises will maintain your brain function, including your recollection that it was the mayonnaise you were looking for.

Also, your brain’s unplanned vacation isn’t permanent. The brain bounces back after menopause. It adapts to lower estrogen levels, and it compensates.

5. Urinary problems will increase as you get older

According to Lauren Streicher, M.D., director of the Center for Sexual Medicine and Menopause at Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine, estrogen appears to provide protection against the bacteria that cause urinary tract infections. UTIs become more common in women as perimenopause, and then menopause, shut down the ovaries’ production of estrogen.

Most urinary tract infections can be treated quickly and easily with antibiotics, and fortunately, symptoms usually disappear within two days. When taking antibiotics, it’s important to take all of the doses prescribed, even if you are feeling better before you run out of your medication. Failing to take the entire prescription as recommended could result in a relapse of the infection.

6. Often, in your 40s, your menstrual period can become unpredictable

By the time you reach post-menopause, your periods have permanently ceased. However, from perimenopause through menopause itself, the reduction in estrogen production can be wildly unpredictable. This can result in varying menstrual patterns; periods can be either closer together or farther apart. Some cycles will have an extremely heavy flow, and there may be months where your period doesn’t occur at all.

Most of the more effective remedies for chaotic menstrual cycles, such as oral contraceptives or hormone-releasing IUDs, must be administered under a doctor’s supervision. If menstrual irregularity becomes bothersome, see your OB/GYN.

Dr. Aliabadi on The Doctors discussing vaginal dryness.

7. Now we have to deal with vaginal dryness as well?

Well, yes, sometimes we do. Another problem that creeps up with age is vaginal dryness. Dr. Aliabadi was asked about sex and vaginal dryness on The Doctors TV show. She responded, “low hormone levels begin to make the vaginal walls thin and dry. Vaginal sexual activity is very important. It helps with stimulating blood flow to the vagina, keeping vaginal muscles toned, and helps to maintain elasticity and the length of the vagina. ”

If vaginal dryness is a problem for you, try using an over-the-counter vaginal lubricant or talk to your health care provider for prescription relief with a vaginal hormone cream.

8. Loss of Estrogen

If you’ve been paying attention here, you’ll notice an overarching theme. The ovaries’ reduced production of estrogen, which begins during perimenopause and finalizes in menopause itself, is the villain in most of the above scenarios.

So, why not replace all that missing estrogen with a robust program of hormone therapy? The answer: Traditional hormone therapy presents an increased risk of breast cancer, heart disease, and stroke, so it is contraindicated for most of the minor problems that women face beginning in their 40s.

When traditional hormone replacement therapy is appropriate, it must be administered under the careful supervision of a qualified physician, usually a gynecologist.

However, there’s a compromise available. Local estrogen, applied as a topical cream, provides a lower dosage of estrogen. More importantly, the hormone is absorbed directly into the bloodstream, so it’s less likely to affect the rest of the body. See your OB/GYN to learn if locally applied estrogen may be effective in alleviating your problems.

About Dr. Aliabadi

As one of the nation’s leading OB/GYNs, Dr. Thaïs Aliabadi offers the very best in obstetrics and gynecology, including telehealth appointments. Together with her warm professional team, Dr. Aliabadi supports women through all phases of life. She creates a special one-on-one relationship between patient and doctor.

We invite you to establish care with Dr. Aliabadi. Please click here to make an appointment or call us at (844) 863-6700.

We take our patients’ safety very seriously. Our facility’s Covid-19 patient safety procedures exceed all CDC and World Health Organization recommendations. Masks are required in our office at all times during the coronavirus pandemic.

The practice of Dr. Thais Aliabadi and the Outpatient Hysterectomy Center are conveniently located for patients throughout Southern California and the Los Angeles area. We are near Beverly Hills, West Hollywood, Santa Monica, West Los Angeles, Culver City, Hollywood, Venice, Marina del Rey, Malibu, Manhattan Beach, and Downtown Los Angeles.

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Dr. Thaïs Aliabadi

Highly-trained and honored by the medical community, Dr. Thais Aliabadi is certified by the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology and a Diplomat of the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology. She implements the most advanced, state-of-the-art technology and treatment options. Dr. Aliabadi specializes in up-to-date, minimally invasive surgical techniques, promising her patients shorter recovery times, reduced pain, and the least interruption to their daily lives.

Supported by her warm professional team, Dr. Aliabadi treats women through all phases of life and cherishes the special one-on-one relationship between patient and doctor.

Latest posts by Dr. Thaïs Aliabadi (see all)

30, 40, 50 & Beyond

Your likes, dislikes, and perspectives have undoubtedly changed over time. You likely have noticed that your body has, too.

In a society that idealizes the young and thin, regular body changes seen during aging are often unwelcome. Confronted with the impossible task of defying time, some women turn to cosmetics and plastic surgery. Others become preoccupied with their weight and develop a negative body image. This can lower self-esteem and lead to social withdrawal. Understanding your body’s natural aging process, however, can help. It’s true that normal aging involves a gradual decline in function and in the body’s ability to repair itself. Health problems and medications can accelerate these changes. But you can adjust your wellness routine to keep your body and mind in working order as long as you can. Caring for your body, mind, and spirit is essential throughout every moment of life’s journey.

How Your Weight Changes with Age

What happens to your body’s weight as you age? One noticeable change for women as they age is an increase in body fat. It is common to see a decrease in muscle mass, causing your body to feel less strong than it did in your youth. Women may also develop wrinkles from reduced elasticity and firmness of their skin, or thin and graying hair. While men often stop gaining body fat around 55, weight gain tends to continue in women until the age of 65, primarily because metabolism slows with aging, making it harder to maintain or lose weight after age 60. On women, this excess weight shifts from the hips and thighs to the torso after menopause.

Research shows that unhealthy belly fat is associated with increased inflammation, heart disease, and diabetes. You can prevent this, however, by eating a healthy diet and exercising to manage your weight—which is especially crucial as you age. According to Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, you should maintain physical activity for 30 minutes most days, including two days of strength training. Being active at least three days a week is best. Also, at least two days a week, incorporate muscle-strengthening activities, like lifting weights or doing sit-ups. Activities to improve balance, such as yoga, Tai chi, and balance postures, such as Tree Pose (standing on one foot) are helpful.

Musculoskeletal Changes: Muscles and Bones

Most of us lose significant muscle mass with aging, causing decreased strength and endurance. While some loss is related to normal aging, other factors contribute, including decreased activity, nutritional deficiency, and chronic disease. With age, we also experience changes in the structures lubricating and cushioning our joints, inhibiting our ability to recover from repetitive stress and causing our joints to feel stiffer. As joint tissues break down, we may develop arthritis.

Bone density increases from puberty until around 30, especially with regular exercise and a diet rich in vitamin D and calcium. As hormone levels change, bone loss gradually begins around age 35. On average, women lose approximately 0.5 to 1.5 percent per year in early and post-menopause. For those prone to losing bone loss rapidly, it can be as high as 3 to 5% per year. As your bones become thinner and more porous, your fracture risk increases, and you may get shorter. Disc compression, leg and foot changes, and decreased joint spaces contribute to height loss. The National Osteoporosis Foundation recommends women to screen for bone density beginning at age 65. At Canyon Ranch, we suggest women to get it before age 50 since women already have a 50 percent lifetime risk of developing a fragility fracture by the age of 65.

Underuse of muscles accelerates loss in muscles and bones, and the resultant weakness can lead to inactivity – the opposite of what your body needs to become strong. Conditioning can help, however. Include weight-bearing exercises, like walking and strength training, to maintain muscle function and strengthen your bones. Nutrition is also essential. Ensure your diet has adequate calcium found in dairy, almonds, and vegetables. For those allergic to dairy or nuts, there are plenty of dairy substitutes such as fortified oat or coconut milk, leafy greens, bok choy, beans, and lentils, as well as seeds such as chia and sesame. Vitamin D, found in tuna, sardines, egg yolks, and fortified foods, is necessary to get calcium into the bones. The skin also absorbs vitamin D through sunlight. Supplementation may be necessary, especially for people who live in the Northeast–and those with deeper melanin. Research shows that the latter absorbs less vitamin D from the sun, as the melanin in the skin thwarts the synthesis process. Likewise, People of Color tend to test at higher vitamin D deficiency rates, but have higher bone mineral density levels than Caucasians. The reason? Though they have lower vitamin D-binding protein levels, their bodies allow for similar amounts of the nutrient to be available for use by the body. For that reason, a vitamin D status test can provide clarity.

Your healthcare team can tell if you’d benefit from a supplement and at what dose, based on whether any symptoms are present, such as soft or weak bones and any aches in the lower back, pelvis, hips, legs, and ribs, or decreased muscle tone or difficulty walking, according to the Mayo Clinic.

How Women’s Hearts Change with Age

Women who eat a healthy diet, exercise regularly, and don’t smoke, are much less likely to develop heart disease. In menopausal women, however, research shows that heart disease rates are 2 to 3 times higher than those of the same age who aren’t menopausal. An increase in heart attacks, according to research, typically occurs about ten years after menopause and is the leading cause of death in older women.

A diet rich in fruits and vegetables and whole grains helps heart health. Estrogen appears to help artery walls stay flexible and may improve the balance of good and bad cholesterol. With aging, blood vessels become stiffer, causing the heart to work harder. This contributes to high blood pressure. Hypertension is a risk factor for heart disease or stroke because the excess pressure damages the lining of arteries, and plaque can build up, causing the arteries to narrow. Moderate activity, getting 7-8 hours of sleep each night, and stress management can help keep blood pressure down.

Breasts & Aging

A woman’s breasts change with life stages like puberty and pregnancy. As estrogen levels fall with menopause, the breasts become less full and elastic, resulting in “sagging.”

The risk of breast cancer also rises as women age, reports the National Cancer Institute. There is a 1 in 8 chance of women getting breast cancer: While a 30-year-old woman’s chance of developing breast cancer over the next ten years is just under 0.5%, a 60-year-old woman’s 10-year risk is just above 3.5%, or 1 in 28.

Genetics plays a role in breast cancer, but you can reduce your risk by maintaining a healthy body weight, exercising regularly, minimizing alcohol consumption, and, if you take hormone replacement therapy, doing so for less than five years. Women 50 and older should get regular mammograms. If you’re younger, but have a positive family history, talk with your doctor about whether to begin regular mammogram screenings earlier. Regardless of age, all women are encouraged to conduct at-home breast examinations, at least once a month. When doing them, pay attention to any lumps, particularly if they are firm and irregular in shape, as well as a lump that was not there before. Look for changes in skin texture, such as dimpling, puckering, indentations, nipples that have turned inward, or changes in skin tone, especially around the areola.

Pelvic and Reproductive Health Changes

For many, the inability to hold your urine, as you age, is common. It occurs in approximately 10% of people over 65. Dry vaginal tissue in menopause may contribute to discomfort with sex and increase urinary tract infections. Moisturizers and lubricants can help with dryness and sexual discomfort. For chronic UTIs, due to low estrogen levels, some physicians may prescribe low-dose vaginal estrogen to restore hormone levels and good bacteria levels. Lifestyle changes such as drinking more water to flush harmful bacteria from the urinary tract may help. When chronic and frequent, physicians will likely prescribe antibiotics.

The changes that occur with menopause cause some women to feel less youthful, beautiful, and sexually attractive. Your sexual, reproductive, and urinary health depends on strong muscles and ligaments that support your pelvic floor. Childbirth, hysterectomies, and menopause can cause pelvic organ prolapse (pelvic organs slip out of place) and urinary incontinence.

Maintaining pelvic-floor strength through simple Kegel exercises can help: With an empty bladder, squeeze as if you’re holding in your urine for a count of 5-10 seconds, then relax. Do 5-10 of these several times a day. Avoiding caffeine, alcohol, sodas, and foods with high acidity can also help. An acidic diet can irritate the bladder lining and exacerbate pelvic floor dysfunctions.

Caring for Your Skin As it Matures

After 50, the collagen fibers in the deeper layer of your skin may become coarser and less orderly in arrangement. This causes your thinning skin to be less elastic, making wrinkles more apparent. Your skin also makes less natural oil, making it feel drier and less supple. Pigment-producing melanocytes decrease, contributing to sun-related skin cancers.

Throughout life, eating a nutritious diet, getting restful sleep, drinking plenty of water, and not smoking are cornerstones of healthy, glowing skin — even more so as you age. You can try natural remedies for minimizing wrinkles, like exfoliating and applying a retinol night cream, if you’d like. But the most important thing you can do is protect yourself from the sun. You may also consider switching from hot showers, which dry the skin out, to warm showers. If you smoke, consider quitting since this can also cause wrinkles.

How Hair Changes with Age

As you age, your hair becomes thinner and grows more slowly. If you’re noticing more strands in your brush lately, don’t be alarmed: Almost everyone experiences some hair loss with time, especially after age 50. Graying hair often begins in the 30s, though some women experience it earlier–depending on their genes. Hair graying results from the loss of melanocytes from hair bulbs, just like in the skin. Also, hair follicles on the scalp decrease with age, as does the growth rate of hair in other parts of the body. Unfortunately, hair growth will often occur in places we don’t want it, such as the face.

Whatever your age and the condition of your hair, you can improve its health by avoiding harsh chemicals and treating it gently.

Some final words of wisdom: As you encounter these and other changes, remember that the passage of time has myriad benefits. As you get older, you may relish things like not needing to think about birth control and the freedom that comes from having kids out of the house. You may notice a shift in your attitude, such as letting go of the need to please others. And you may find that this is a time to reconnect with your true passions and joys. Overall, older people are more conscientious, agreeable, and happier than their midlife counterparts.

Other tips for healthy aging: Avoid sugary and processed foods as these promote degenerative diseases like diabetes and Alzheimer’s. Limit alcohol, which can cause oxidative stress, contributing to aging. Get adequate sleep and manage your stress. Cultivate friendships and nurture family connections. Most importantly, stay active — older adults who keep active often function like younger ones.

This article was originally published on August 14, 2021, and has been updated as of the above date.

Woman after 45: catastrophe or new life? Part 1

For a modern woman after 45 years, life is just beginning. By this age, as a rule, a career has already been built, children have grown up, sufficient life experience has been accumulated, and the time has come to live freely and reap the fruits of many years of work with pleasure. In other words, a woman at this age is experiencing a “second birth”. And more than ever at this time, she wants to be healthy, active, beautiful, full of strength. But just during this period, female physiology comes into its own, and the age of 45+ can become not a “second birth”, but a real torture.

“What is happening to me? Why have I changed so much? Why do I explode for no reason? The slightest inconvenience pisses me off. I sleep badly, I constantly yell at my husband and children. Looking in the mirror every day is getting scarier. Is it really coming … menopause? Such thoughts visit many women who have reached adulthood. Of course, modern women are much more enlightened in matters of their physiology than the fair sex, who lived 70 or 100 years ago. Modern women are familiar with such concepts as ovulation, fertility, menopause, menopause. But in fact, for most of them, this knowledge turns out to be absolutely superficial, built on myths, rumors and tales of girlfriends and colleagues. Therefore, for a large number of women, the coming menopause marks the beginning of the end, a kind of tragic point, after which a woman loses her destiny and, in essence, ceases to be a woman.

Menopause is covered with so many myths that women are really often truly afraid of its onset. Today in our article we will talk about what menopause is, and whether it is really so terrible. Vita Andolenko, a gynecologist-endocrinologist at the Smitra Clinic, will help us understand this difficult issue, and also tell us about the secrets of women’s health and longevity.

In a woman’s life, there are two main critical biological periods: the period of formation of the reproductive function, when the girl’s body is just preparing for childbearing, and the period of extinction of this function, that is, the very menopause.

You need to understand that menopause does not occur in one day. This is a long, multi-stage process that takes more than one year, and each woman experiences it individually.

Traditionally, there are three stages in the menopause:

1. Premenopause – the beginning of menopause. The main manifestation of this period is the failure of the menstrual cycle, too plentiful or meager menstruation.
2. Menopause – the last menstruation in a woman’s life. Diagnosed after the fact, subject to the absence of menstruation for 12 months.
3. Postmenopause – the life of a woman after menopause

What happens at this time in a woman’s body? With the beginning of the premenopausal period, the number of follicles in the ovaries gradually decreases, and as a result, the level of the female hormone estradiol decreases.

Estradiol is the main female sex hormone from the estrogen group. Estradiol is considered a female hormone because it is the “creator” of female beauty and health. Thanks to this hormone, a woman’s waist becomes thin, her voice is high, her skin is smooth and soft, the mammary glands increase, and the hips are rounded. Estradiol is also responsible for libido (sexual desire) and turgor (elastic and elastic state) of the skin and mucous membranes.

As the doctor notes, you should not worry about the decrease in the level of estradiol during menopause, because its function is partially taken over by hormones that continue to be produced by the adrenal glands. In addition, an excess amount of estradiol during this period can even be dangerous for the female body and is highly undesirable: excessive production of estradiol at this time can lead to uterine bleeding and endometrial hyperplastic processes.

In the physiological course of the premenopausal period, the woman’s physical well-being does not suffer. Of course, a decrease in estradiol can cause some unpleasant symptoms, but they can be easily managed. Here are some tips from the doctor:

• if the skin has lost its elasticity , has become flabby and uneven – this is a symptom of a decrease in its turgor, which can be compensated with special care products – creams, serums, gels, various cosmetic procedures.
• Discomfort in the intimate area , such as dryness, difficulty in intercourse due to a lack of female lubrication, can be eliminated with water-based lubricants, as well as ointments and suppositories containing estriol (used strictly as prescribed by a doctor).

Unfortunately, a woman’s menopause does not always go smoothly. Vita Vitalievna told us in which cases a woman must definitely consult a doctor.

1) Early menopause (up to 44 years) . Usually menstrual function fades around the age of 50 years. If this process occurs much earlier, a doctor’s consultation is necessary! In this case, bone density sharply decreases, that is, osteopenia, osteoporosis develop, which leads to fractures (femoral neck, vertebrae) and, as a result, to disability. The doctor will conduct an examination and, if necessary, prescribe suitable drugs.

2) Deterioration of the quality of life. Let us repeat once again that a physiologically flowing menopause does not cause significant changes in a woman’s physical condition. The occurrence of hot flashes (sudden attacks of heat), chills, hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating) and tachycardia is a symptom of severe estrogen deficiency and requires mandatory medical correction.

3) Pain in tubular bones (phalanges of fingers, wrists, feet) and projections of large joints (knee, hip, ankle joints) are a serious indication for X-ray densitometry – diagnosis of bone density and the likelihood of fractures. This diagnostic method will confirm or exclude the presence of osteoporosis in a woman and, accordingly, prescribe timely treatment.

4) Weight gain. The appearance of extra pounds after the cessation of menstrual function is a common problem. If a woman monitors her diet, and the scales show a large figure every day, this is a reason to consult a doctor. The examination in this case will be aimed at eliminating insulin resistance – a precursor of diabetes mellitus and its timely correction.

5) Bladder problems . Frequent urination, urinary incontinence when laughing, coughing, physical exertion are frequent companions of women over 45 years of age. Such manifestations are not directly related to the deficiency of female hormones, but often appear precisely in adulthood and require a doctor’s consultation and appropriate treatment.

But even if a woman goes through menopause without any problems, you still need to see a doctor, especially if the menstrual function began to fade early (before 44 years). Continue reading the next article.

The material was prepared with the participation of the gynecologist-endocrinologist of the Clinic “SMITRA” Andolenko Vita Vitalievna.


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Why is 48 the worst age in a person’s life?

“At 40, life is just beginning, I know that for sure now,” said Ekaterina Tikhomirova in Moscow Does Not Believe in Tears. As it turned out, maybe it starts, but by the age of 48 it turns into a nightmare.

Dartmouth College Professor David Blanchflower came to this conclusion. In January 2020, the scientist published a statistical study, where he argued that in developed countries, people are the most unhappy at 47 years and two months, and in developing countries – at 48 years and two months. Moreover, this trend does not depend on gender, education, marital status and social status.

In his work, the author analyzed the data of 500 thousand people from 132 countries and used about 15 criteria, from despair and loneliness to stress and lack of sleep. Most people by the age of 50 feel at the bottom of the happiness curve. Ksenia Sergienko found out why Muscovites fall into a state of unhappiness in the region of 50 years.

Everything fell at once

Now at the bottom of the “happiness curve” is the “sandwich generation” — middle-aged people who still have children living with them and elderly relatives who need attention and material support. A middle-aged man is squeezed from two sides by duties: he must raise children to their feet and take care of their parents.

My mother, now 59, explains why she felt the most miserable at 49: “You went to college, and your brother graduated from university. You were both nervous, I had to support you. Yes, and I was very worried about your studies. Around the same time, your grandmother was admitted to the hospital with bowel cancer. She had surgery and it was a success. During my next visit to her, the doctor invited me for a conversation, said that we should not hope that my grandmother would get better, she had no more than six months to live. Nobody in the family knew about it, I kept everything to myself, since you had exams.

As a result, my brother and I successfully passed everything, and my grandmother has lived for another ten years since then: the doctors messed up something with the diagnosis. But I remember my mother well at that time – she didn’t have a face, she only talked about our exams and rushed to the hospital every day. When asked how things were, my mother dryly answered: “You and your grandmother are doing well, and thank God.”

“Caring for others to the detriment of oneself inevitably leads to existential collapse and apathy,” says Olga Khukhlaeva, author of the book Crises of Adult Life, Candidate of Psychological Sciences.

There is no work and no work is expected

“By the age of 48, a person should already use most of the opportunities for social development and vertical mobility: get a good education, hold a high position, have a family and be financially independent. If by this age (plus or minus a couple of years) it was not possible to use all the resources, then, as a rule, there is practically no chance of what will happen in the future, therefore, there is a reassessment of one’s own life, which prevents one from feeling happy, ”says the sociologist of the Levada Center » Karina Pipia.

Forty-seven-year-old Olga is experiencing severe depression – for more than a year she has not been able to find a job. She has two children and lives in a two-room apartment with her retired parents. Olga gave birth to her first child at 33, her decree did not last three years, as originally planned, but nine years. After a long leave to care for her daughter, she did not go to work – there was nowhere. She gave birth to another at 43, the second decree lasted five years. When Olga turned 46, her husband left her, and she decided to find a job, but to no avail: “Everyone looks at my experience and age and refuses. By education, I am an engineer of printing production, I graduated from the institute at 1990s. Of course, everything has changed in 30 years, and I did not go to advanced training courses. I live on my parents’ pension: I feel like a burden. But what will I do after they are gone? The only thing that calms me down is two children, I spend a lot of time with them, I always have something to do. ”

Most sociologists agree that job satisfaction is closely related to overall life satisfaction, and opinion polls prove this. 57% of respondents aged 35 to 55 answered the question “What prevents you from being happy?” answered: uninteresting work and low earnings.

Regret about the past and uncertainty about the future

Middle-aged people tend to analyze their previous experience and regret mistakes. Negative attitudes are unlikely to have a positive effect on the degree of well-being. Karina Pipia generally believes that happiness is largely the prerogative of the young: “Respondents aged 18 to 35 often feel happy, which is not surprising, given their orientation towards the future (“still will be”) and low responsibility for the present (many are still living with parents)”.

With age, opportunities for self-realization become less, but the burden of responsibility for the family grows. To all the problems of the present, fear of the unknown future is added. Reflection makes you rethink life in colors that are not at all rosy. Everything that gave pleasure at 30, closer to 50, depreciates after the expiration date. “Almost all my life is behind me, but I haven’t done anything worthwhile. The only thing that has amassed is a family – there is a wife and a child. My daughter is already married, now I am not the main man in her life, but before it was she who made me happy. Now I have several entertainments: the Internet, walking with the dog and trips to the country, ”explains Sergey, 47 years old.

“By the age of 50, people feel unhappy because they have already achieved a lot, they want to move on, but they use the old ways for this. You can not reproduce the same thing throughout life, you need to change the vector of movement. Between 45 and 50, people often face existential problems, a void forms inside them: they have spent all their personal resources and cannot fill in the gaps with new ones, ”says psychologist Elena Bogatova. Psychologists advise looking for new meanings in yourself, and not demanding them from others. For example, you should not ask your children for grandchildren in order to occupy yourself with at least something.

Survive 48

There are no average concepts of happiness, it implies a subjective assessment at any age. Moreover, the latter can be corrected, Elena Bogatova believes: “A person rejoices when he receives what he lacks. For example, children rarely call their mother, and when the long-awaited call rings, she rejoices. The person received a bonus at work and is happy because it is rarely given out, and he has financial difficulties. Joy is the companion of insufficiency.” That is why wealthy people are just as often unhappy as poor people. It seems that they have everything: a good house, a car, a family, a prestigious job, but happiness eludes them all the time. In the life of such a person there is no place for lack, which means there is no place for joy.

But since the “happiness curve” is U-shaped, after a crisis there always comes a new constructive period.