Yeast infection medical name. Candidiasis: Understanding Yeast Infections, Symptoms, and Treatment Options
What is the medical name for yeast infection. How does candidiasis affect the skin. What are the symptoms of cutaneous candidiasis. How is candida infection diagnosed and treated. What complications can arise from yeast infections.
What is Candidiasis? An Overview of Yeast Infections
Candidiasis, commonly known as a yeast infection, is a fungal infection caused by various species of Candida fungi. These organisms naturally exist in the human body, particularly on the skin and in mucous membranes. Under normal circumstances, they coexist harmlessly with other microorganisms. However, when the balance is disrupted, Candida can overgrow and cause infections.
The most prevalent species responsible for candidiasis is Candida albicans. This opportunistic pathogen can affect various parts of the body, including the skin, mouth, throat, and genital areas. While candidiasis is generally not considered contagious, it can spread in certain situations, especially among individuals with weakened immune systems.
Types of Candidiasis
- Cutaneous candidiasis (skin infection)
- Oral thrush (mouth infection)
- Vaginal yeast infection
- Invasive candidiasis (systemic infection)
Cutaneous Candidiasis: When Yeast Affects the Skin
Cutaneous candidiasis, also known as a yeast infection of the skin, occurs when Candida fungi penetrate the skin’s surface and cause an infection. This condition commonly affects warm, moist areas of the body, such as:
- Skin folds (intertriginous areas)
- Armpits
- Groin
- Under the breasts
- Between the fingers and toes
Infants are particularly susceptible to diaper rash caused by Candida, as the warm, moist environment inside diapers provides ideal conditions for fungal growth.
Risk Factors for Cutaneous Candidiasis
Several factors can increase the likelihood of developing a yeast infection of the skin:
- Diabetes
- Obesity
- Use of antibiotics
- Steroid therapy
- Chemotherapy
- Weakened immune system
- Poor hygiene
- Prolonged exposure to moisture
Recognizing the Symptoms of Cutaneous Candidiasis
Identifying the symptoms of a yeast infection on the skin is crucial for prompt treatment. Common signs include:
- Intense itching
- Red, growing skin rash
- Rash in skin folds, genitals, and other areas
- Infection of hair follicles resembling pimples
- Scaling or flaking of the skin
- Small pustules or blisters
In some cases, the infection may spread to the nails, causing discoloration, thickening, and separation from the nail bed.
Diagnosing Candida Infections: Methods and Considerations
Accurate diagnosis of candidiasis is essential for effective treatment. Healthcare providers typically employ the following methods:
- Visual examination: A thorough inspection of the affected area can often provide sufficient information for diagnosis.
- Skin scraping: The provider may gently scrape off a sample of skin for laboratory testing to confirm the presence of Candida fungi.
- Fungal culture: In some cases, a culture may be taken to identify the specific Candida species causing the infection.
- Blood tests: For individuals with recurrent or severe infections, blood tests may be recommended to check for underlying conditions such as diabetes or immune system disorders.
Importance of Diabetes Screening
Why is diabetes screening important for those with yeast infections? High blood sugar levels associated with diabetes create an ideal environment for Candida growth. Therefore, older children and adults presenting with cutaneous candidiasis should be tested for diabetes to rule out this potential underlying cause.
Treatment Strategies for Candida Infections
Effective management of candidiasis involves a combination of good hygiene practices and antifungal treatments. The following approaches are commonly employed:
1. Topical Antifungal Medications
For most cases of cutaneous candidiasis, topical antifungal treatments are the first line of defense. These may include:
- Creams (e.g., clotrimazole, miconazole)
- Ointments (e.g., nystatin)
- Powders (e.g., miconazole)
2. Oral Antifungal Medications
In severe cases or when topical treatments are ineffective, oral antifungal medications may be prescribed. These include:
- Fluconazole
- Itraconazole
- Posaconazole
3. Lifestyle and Hygiene Measures
Adopting good hygiene practices can significantly aid in treating and preventing candidiasis:
- Keep affected areas clean and dry
- Wear loose-fitting, breathable clothing
- Change out of wet or sweaty clothes promptly
- Use absorbent powders in skin folds
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Control blood sugar levels (for diabetics)
Potential Complications of Untreated Candidiasis
While most cases of cutaneous candidiasis respond well to treatment, untreated or recurrent infections can lead to complications:
- Nail infections (onychomycosis)
- Chronic skin inflammation
- Secondary bacterial infections
- Systemic candidiasis in immunocompromised individuals
In rare cases, invasive candidiasis can occur, particularly in people with severely weakened immune systems. This condition can affect internal organs and requires immediate medical attention.
Prevention Strategies: Keeping Candida at Bay
Preventing candidiasis involves a combination of good hygiene practices and lifestyle modifications. Consider the following strategies:
- Maintain good personal hygiene
- Keep skin clean and dry, especially in skin folds
- Wear breathable, moisture-wicking fabrics
- Change out of wet or sweaty clothes promptly
- Avoid sharing personal items like towels or washcloths
- Manage underlying conditions like diabetes effectively
- Use antibiotics judiciously and only when necessary
- Strengthen your immune system through a healthy diet and lifestyle
By implementing these preventive measures, you can significantly reduce your risk of developing candidiasis and maintain overall skin health.
When to Seek Medical Attention for Yeast Infections
While many cases of cutaneous candidiasis can be managed with over-the-counter treatments and good hygiene, certain situations warrant professional medical attention:
- Persistent symptoms despite home treatment
- Recurrent infections
- Widespread or severe rash
- Signs of secondary bacterial infection (e.g., increased redness, warmth, or pus)
- Fever or other systemic symptoms
- Underlying health conditions that may complicate treatment
If you experience any of these scenarios, consult your healthcare provider promptly for proper evaluation and treatment.
Special Considerations for Immunocompromised Individuals
People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or undergoing chemotherapy, should be particularly vigilant about candida infections. These individuals are at higher risk for developing severe or invasive candidiasis and should seek medical attention at the first sign of infection.
Advances in Candidiasis Research and Future Treatments
The field of candidiasis research is continually evolving, with new insights into fungal biology and host-pathogen interactions paving the way for novel treatment approaches. Some promising areas of research include:
- Development of new antifungal drugs with improved efficacy and reduced side effects
- Exploration of combination therapies to combat drug-resistant Candida strains
- Investigation of probiotic interventions to restore microbial balance and prevent candidiasis
- Study of immunomodulatory therapies to enhance the body’s natural defenses against fungal infections
These advancements hold the potential to revolutionize the management of candidiasis, offering hope for more effective treatments and prevention strategies in the future.
The Role of Microbiome Research
Recent studies have highlighted the importance of the human microbiome in maintaining skin health and preventing fungal overgrowth. Researchers are investigating how manipulating the skin’s microbial ecosystem could help prevent or treat candidiasis more effectively.
Living with Candidiasis: Coping Strategies and Support
For individuals dealing with chronic or recurrent candidiasis, the condition can have a significant impact on quality of life. Coping strategies and support systems can play a crucial role in managing the physical and emotional aspects of living with yeast infections:
- Join support groups or online communities to connect with others facing similar challenges
- Practice stress-reduction techniques, as stress can exacerbate symptoms and weaken the immune system
- Work with a nutritionist to develop a diet plan that supports overall health and minimizes fungal growth
- Consider complementary therapies like probiotics or essential oils, under the guidance of a healthcare provider
- Maintain open communication with your healthcare team to ensure your treatment plan remains effective
By adopting a holistic approach to managing candidiasis, individuals can improve their overall well-being and reduce the impact of yeast infections on their daily lives.
The Importance of Patient Education
Empowering patients with knowledge about candidiasis is crucial for effective management and prevention. Healthcare providers should prioritize patient education, covering topics such as:
- Proper hygiene practices
- Recognition of early symptoms
- Importance of adherence to treatment regimens
- Lifestyle modifications to reduce risk factors
- When to seek medical attention
By fostering a collaborative approach between healthcare providers and patients, the burden of candidiasis can be significantly reduced, leading to improved outcomes and quality of life for those affected by this common fungal infection.
Candida infection of the skin: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Candida infection of the skin is a yeast infection of the skin. The medical name of the condition is cutaneous candidiasis.
The body normally hosts a variety of germs, including bacteria and fungi. Some of these are useful to the body, some produce no harm or benefit, and some can cause harmful infections.
Some fungal infections are caused by fungi that often live on the hair, nails, and outer skin layers. They include yeast-like fungi such as candida. Sometimes, these yeast penetrate beneath the surface of the skin and cause infection.
In cutaneous candidiasis, the skin is infected with candida fungi. This type of infection is fairly common. It can involve almost any skin on the body, but most often it occurs in warm, moist, creased areas such as the armpits and groin. The fungus that most often causes cutaneous candidiasis is Candida albicans.
Candida is the most common cause of diaper rash in infants. The fungi take advantage of the warm, moist conditions inside the diaper. Candida infection is also particularly common in people with diabetes and in those who are obese. Antibiotics, steroid therapy, and chemotherapy increase the risk of cutaneous candidiasis. Candida can also cause infections of the nails, edges of the nails, and corners of the mouth.
Oral thrush, a form of candida infection of the moist lining of the mouth, usually occurs when people take antibiotics though only a small number of people who take antibiotics get thrush. It may also be a sign of an HIV infection or other weakened immune system disorders when it occurs in adults. Individuals with candida infections are not usually contagious, though in some settings people with weakened immune systems may catch the infection. When it occurs in the mouth or vagina, it is sometimes called mucocutaneous candidiasis.
Candida is also the most frequent cause of vaginal yeast infections. These infections are common and often occur with antibiotic use.
Candida infection of the skin can cause intense itching.
Symptoms also include:
- Red, growing skin rash
- Rash on the skin folds, genitals, middle of the body, buttocks, under the breasts, and other areas of skin
- Infection of the hair follicles that may look like pimples
Your health care provider can usually diagnose this condition by looking at your skin. Your provider may gently scrape off a sample of skin for testing.
Older children and adults with a yeast skin infection should be tested for diabetes. High sugar levels, seen in people with diabetes, act as food for the yeast fungus and help it grow.
Good general health and hygiene are very important for treating candida infections of the skin. Keeping the skin dry and exposed to air is helpful. Drying (absorbent) powders may help prevent fungal infections.
Losing weight may help eliminate the problem if you are overweight.
Proper blood sugar control may also be helpful to those with diabetes.
Antifungal skin creams, ointments, or powders may be used to treat a yeast infection of the skin, mouth, or vagina. You may need to take antifungal medicine by mouth for severe candida infections in the mouth, throat, or vagina.
Cutaneous candidiasis often goes away with treatment, especially if the underlying cause is corrected. Repeat infections are common.
These complications may occur:
- Infection of the nails may cause the nails to become oddly shaped and may cause an infection around the nail.
-
Candida skin infections may return. - Widespread candidiasis may occur in people with weakened immune systems.
Contact your provider if you develop symptoms of cutaneous candidiasis.
Skin infection – fungal; Fungal infection – skin; Skin infection – yeast; Yeast infection – skin; Intertriginous candidiasis; Cutaneous candidiasis
- Candida – fluorescent stain
- Candidiasis, cutaneous – around the mouth
- Fungus
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. Fungal diseases: candidiasis. www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/candidiasis/index.html. Updated June 28, 2022. Accessed January 3, 2023.
James WD, Elston DM, Treat JR, Rosenbach MA, Neuhaus IM. Diseases resulting from fungi and yeasts. In: James WD, Elston DM, Treat JR, Rosenbach MA, Neuhaus IM, eds. Andrews’ Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 15.
Lionakis MS, Edwards JE. Candida species. In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 256.
Updated by: Jatin M. Vyas, MD, PhD, Associate Professor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Associate in Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.
Vaginal Yeast Infection Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More
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An overgrowth of yeast in the vagina can cause a vaginal yeast infection. Treatment may depend on the type of infection and whether the infection is recurring.
A vaginal yeast infection, also known as candidiasis, is a common condition. A healthy vagina contains bacteria and some yeast cells. But when the balance of bacteria and yeast changes, the yeast cells can multiply. This causes itching, swelling, and irritation.
Treating a vaginal yeast infection can relieve symptoms within a few days. In more severe cases, it may take longer.
Vaginal yeast infections aren’t considered a sexually transmitted infection (STI), commonly known as sexually transmitted disease (STD). Sexual contact can spread it, but women who aren’t sexually active can also get them.
Vaginal yeast infections have a common set of symptoms, such as:
- vaginal itching
- swelling around the vagina
- burning during urination or sex
- pain during sex
- soreness
- redness
- rash
Whitish-yellow and clumpy vaginal discharge is another symptom. Some people describe the discharge as looking like cottage cheese. Sometimes the discharge may also be watery.
The yeast Candida is a naturally occurring microorganism in the vaginal area. Lactobacillus bacteria keeps its growth in check.
But if there’s an imbalance in your system, these bacteria won’t work effectively. This leads to an overgrowth of yeast, which causes the symptoms of vaginal yeast infections.
Several factors can cause a yeast infection, including:
- antibiotics, which decrease the amount of Lactobacillus (“good bacteria”) in the vagina
- pregnancy
- uncontrolled diabetes
- weak immune system
- hormonal imbalance near your menstrual cycle
- stress
A specific kind of yeast called Candida albicans causes most yeast infections. These infections are easily treatable.
If you’re having recurring yeast infections or problems getting rid of a yeast infection with conventional treatment, a different version of Candida might be the cause. A lab test can identify what type of Candida you have.
Yeast infections are simple to diagnose. Your doctor will ask about your medical history. This includes whether you’ve had yeast infections before. They may also ask if you’ve ever had an STI.
The next step is a pelvic exam. Your doctor will examine your vaginal walls and cervix. They’ll also look at the surrounding area for external signs of infection.
Depending on what your doctor sees, the next step may be to collect cells from your vagina. These cells go to a lab for examination. Lab tests are usually ordered for women who have yeast infections on a regular basis or for infections that won’t go away.
If you don’t already have a obgyn, you can browse doctors in your area through the Healthline FindCare tool.
Each yeast infection is different, so your doctor will suggest a treatment that’s best for you. Treatments are generally determined based on the severity of your symptoms.
Simple infections
For simple yeast infections, your doctor will usually prescribe a 1-6 day regimen of an antifungal cream, ointment, tablet, or suppository. These medications can be in prescription or over-the-counter (OTC) form.
Common medications include:
- butoconazole (Gynazole)
- clotrimazole (Lotrimin)
- miconazole (Monistat)
- terconazole (Terazol)
- fluconazole (Diflucan)
If you have a simple yeast infection, follow up with your doctor to make sure the medicine has worked.
Schedule a follow-up visit if your symptoms return within 2 months.
If you recognize that you have a yeast infection, you can also treat yourself at home with OTC products.
Learn more about yeast infection pills and medications.
Complicated infections
Your doctor will more than likely treat your yeast infection as if it were a severe or complicated case, if you:
- have severe redness, swelling, and itching that leads to sores or tears in your vaginal tissue
- have had more than four yeast infections in a year
- are pregnant
- have uncontrolled diabetes or a weak immune system from medication
- have HIV
Possible treatments for severe or complicated yeast infections include:
- 14-day cream, ointment, tablet, or suppository vaginal treatment
- two or three doses of fluconazole (Diflucan)
- long-term prescription of fluconazole taken once a week for 6 weeks, or long-term use of a topical antifungal medication
If your infection is recurring, you may want to see if your sexual partner has a yeast infection. Use barrier methods, such as condoms, when having sex if you suspect either of you has a yeast infection. Talk to your doctor about your yeast infection treatment options.
You can try to treat vaginal yeast infections with natural remedies if you’d like to avoid taking prescription medication, but these aren’t as effective or reliable as the indicated medications. Popular natural remedies include:
- coconut oil
- tea tree oil cream
- garlic
- boric acid vaginal suppositories
- plain yogurt taken orally or inserted into the vagina
Make sure your hands are clean before applying creams or oils to your vagina.
You may also want to talk to a doctor before trying natural remedies. This is important because, if your symptoms are due to something other than a simple yeast infection, your doctor can help diagnose your condition.
Talk to your doctor about herbal remedies if you take OTC or prescription drugs. Some herbs can interact with medications you may be taking or can cause other unintended side effects.
While vaginal yeast infections are more common in women, it’s possible for men to get yeast infections, too. When it affects the penis, this is known as a penile yeast infection.
All bodies have Candida — not just the female body. When there’s an overgrowth of this fungus, it can lead to a yeast infection. The groin area is especially prone to Candida overgrowth because of skin folds and moisture.
Still, penile yeast infections are most commonly caused by having unprotected vaginal intercourse with a woman who has the infection, too. You can help prevent a yeast infection by wearing condoms during sex. Regular bathing can also help.
The symptoms of a yeast infection in men may not be as prominent, though you might see redness and white patches along the penis as well as burning and itchy sensations. See your doctor for a proper diagnosis if you think you have a penile yeast infection.
Yeast infections are common in women. It’s estimated that up to 75 out of 100 women will get a vaginal yeast infection at least once in their lifetime. Despite their prevalence, it’s important to treat vaginal yeast infections early.
Recurring yeast infections are common, especially if you are pregnant, have diabetes, or have a weakened immune system. Talk to your doctor if you have more than four yeast infections per year.
While yeast infections are commonly associated with vaginal infections, babies can also get them.
The most common yeast infection in a baby is a diaper rash. However, not all diaper rashes are the result yeast overgrowth.
You can tell if the condition is more than just a diaper rash if your baby’s skin is extremely red and has spots in the diaper/groin area, despite using diaper rash cream. Yeast infections may also be presented in other folds of the skin, such as under the armpits.
Your child’s pediatrician will likely prescribe a topical antifungal cream to treat yeast infections of the skin. An oral medication may be needed if your baby has oral thrush (yeast infection of the mouth). While yeast infections in babies are usually harmless, they can lead to more serious infections when left untreated.
Yeast infections aren’t considered STIs. In rare cases, you can pass a yeast infection from one partner to another.
It’s also possible for a baby to get a fungal diaper rash at birth if the mother has a vaginal yeast infection during delivery. You may also pass on a yeast infection to your baby’s mouth during breastfeeding if Candida overgrowth is present in the breast area.
While you can pass a yeast infection to another person, it’s not contagious in the same way as other infections are. You won’t “catch” the infection by air or by using the same shower as someone with the infection, for example. If you’re concerned about transmission, talk to your doctor about situations in which a yeast infection could be contagious.
Yeast infections are common during pregnancy because of hormone fluctuations. See a doctor if you’re pregnant and suspect a yeast infection so you can get the right diagnosis.
A yeast infection during pregnancy isn’t always treated in the same way as nonpregnant women are treated. You won’t be able to take oral antifungal medications due to possible birth defects. Topical antifungals are safe to use during pregnancy, though.
While yeast infections won’t hurt your baby, it’s possible to pass the Candida fungus to them during delivery. This can lead to diaper rash and oral thrush in your baby. It’s important to treat yeast infection early, especially if you’re pregnant, so that you can prevent such complications.
Another common infection in women is a urinary tract infection (UTI). While it’s possible to have one or the other, or even both infections at the same time, UTIs and yeast infections are two different conditions.
A UTI is a bacterial infection that affects the urinary system. This complex system includes your urethra, as well as your bladder and kidneys. Sex, STIs, and failure to urinate regularly can all lead to UTIs.
The symptoms of a UTI are also different from a yeast infection. There’s no noticeable discharge, but you might see a small amount of blood in your urine. A UTI can also cause frequent urination along with pelvic and abdominal pain.
Without treatment, a UTI can lead to more serious complications of the kidneys. See a doctor to get antibiotics. Ask your doctor for more information regarding the differences between a yeast infection and a UTI.
If this is your first suspected yeast infection, you’ll want to get a proper diagnosis from a doctor. This ensures that your symptoms are related to Candida overgrowth and not a more serious condition.
Your doctor will first conduct a pelvic exam, noting any visible discharge, redness, and swelling. They will ask you about other symptoms such as burning and painful urination.
If needed, your doctor might order a vaginal fluid test. They will first collect a sample of vaginal discharge with a cotton swab, which will then be sent to a lab for study under a microscope. Once your doctor has determined it’s a fungal infection — or another type of infection — they will then be able to prescribe the correct treatment.
While it’s possible to develop a yeast infection after sex, a yeast infection itself is not an STI. Instead, there are other factors at play that can throw off Candida balance in the vaginal area. Vaginal intercourse, as well as penetration via sex toys and fingers, can introduce bacteria.
Another possibility is having vaginal intercourse with a man who has a penile yeast infection. The opposite can happen too, where a man might develop a penile yeast infection from a woman who has a vaginal yeast infection. Oral sex may also disrupt bacteria in the mouth, vagina, and penile areas.
It’s also possible that the yeast infection is purely coincidental. There are many underlying risk factors of a yeast infection, with sexual intercourse being just one of them.
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common type of vaginal infection in women between the ages of 15 and 44. Its primary causes are bacterial imbalances from douching and sex — it’s not a fungal infection like a typical yeast infection. BV is said to have a strong fishy odor, too.
BV has similar symptoms as a yeast infection, including discharge, burning, and itching. This can make distinguishing between the two infections difficult. But while a vaginal yeast infection doesn’t cause long-term complications, untreated BV can.
Among the complications include fertility issues and premature delivery (if you get infected while pregnant), and a higher risk of contracting STIs.
Unlike a yeast infection, you’ll need a prescription antibiotic to clear up BV. Your doctor will help you distinguish between a yeast infection and BV.
Chances are that you know exactly what led to your yeast infection. For example, some women experience these infections every time they take antibiotics. Whether you know the exact cause, here are tips to avoid recurring infections.
Try:
- eating a well-balanced diet
- eating yogurt or taking supplements with lactobacillus
- wearing natural fibers such as cotton, linen, or silk
- washing underwear in hot water
- replacing feminine products frequently
Avoid:
- wearing tight pants, pantyhose, tights, or leggings
- using feminine deodorant or scented tampons or pads
- wearing wet clothing, especially bathing suits
- sitting in hot tubs or taking frequent hot baths
- douching
Essential oils have gained attention in recent years as “natural” remedies to common medical ailments. These plant-based products can be powerful, but so far, no research has shown that essential oils work better for yeast infections than conventional methods.
One issue with essential oils is that some people might be allergic to them. Do a patch test on a small area of skin before applying them to larger areas of the body. This is especially important when considering sensitive areas such as the vagina.
It’s also important to dilute oils properly before use. Confirm with a doctor that your symptoms are indeed caused by a yeast infection before trying essential oils as treatment. You can also ask about safer oils, such as coconut oil, for your yeast infection.
Having both a yeast infection and your period can feel like a double whammy. However, this isn’t uncommon. Yeast infections are most likely to occur in women during the final days leading up to their period.
Fluctuations in hormones are thought to be a cause of yeast infections before your period, causing imbalances in healthy bacteria in the vagina.
If you experience white to yellow discharge in the week before your period, this isn’t automatically a yeast infection unless you have other hallmark symptoms, too, such as redness, burning, and itchiness.
While a nuisance, early treatment can help clear up your yeast infection before your period starts. See your doctor if your yeast infection symptoms don’t improve after your period ends. Also see a doctor if you continue to get yeast infections before your period every month.
Yeast infections are common occurrences, but prompt treatment can help reduce the uncomfortable symptoms within a few days. By recognizing your own risk factors, you can prevent future infections.
Talk to your doctor if you have recurring yeast infections that last longer than 2 months.
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¹ “Features of Candida Ablicans dimorphism in strains isolated from patients with vaginal candidiasis”, Protsenko A.V., Anokhina I.V., Dalin M.V., Kravtsov E.G. isolated from patients with vaginal candidiasis // Vestnik RUDN University. Series: Medicine. 2007. No. 2.
² https://www.rmj.ru/articles/obshchie-stati/Kandidoznyy_vulyvovaginit__sovremennaya_lechebnaya_taktika/ (Regular editions of “RMJ” No. 15 dated 18.08.2005 p. 987 / Authors: Tikhomirov A.L. 1, Oleinik Ch.G.)
³ Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases accompanied by pathological discharge from the genital tract of women. Russian Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Edition 2, corrected and supplemented – M., – 2019.- 56 p.
⁴ Carson C. F. et al. Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) Oil: a Review of Antimicrobialand Other Medicinal Properties. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Jan. 2006, p. 50–62
⁵ Batyrova Z.K. et al. Substantiation of the possibility of using the gel for intimate hygiene with tea tree oil in the complex treatment and prevention of candidiasis // Reproductive health of children and adolescents. 2020. V. 16, No. 3. S. 34–38.
⁶ Clinical features of breast cancer dermatomycosis (Russian Medical Journal): https://www. rmj.ru/articles/dermatology/Klinicheskie_osobennosti_dermatomikozov/#ixzz6wRXLYiTd
⁷ Correction of vaginal biocenosis disorders https://docplayer.ru/26674803-Korrekciya-narusheniy – biocenoza-vlagalishcha-marsh-na-meste-ili-dvizhenie-vpered.html
⁸ Vaginal dysbiosis as an interdisciplinary problem _Metody_puti_i_perspektivy_resheniya_intervyyu_s_TN_Bebnevoy_i_AA_Dyshkovcom/
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any of the forms of communication convenient for you:
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- Phone: 8 495 363-39-66
- 7746558160 121552, Moscow, st. Yartsevskaya, 19, block B, floor 13
Phone: +7 (495) 363-39-66 Telefax: +7 (495) 789-66-31EGIS Group is one of the leading drug manufacturers in Central and Eastern Europe.
Hide sources¹ “Features of Candida Ablicans dimorphism in strains isolated from patients with vaginal candidiasis”, Protsenko A.V., Anokhina I.V., Dalin M.V., Kravtsov E.G. isolated from patients with vaginal candidiasis // Vestnik RUDN University. Series: Medicine. 2007. No. 2.
² https://www. rmj.ru/articles/obshchie-stati/Kandidoznyy_vulyvovaginit__sovremennaya_lechebnaya_taktika/ (Regular editions of “RMZH” No. 15 dated 18.08.2005 p. 987 / Authors: Tikhomirov A.L. 1, Oleinik Ch.G. )
³ Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases accompanied by pathological discharge from the female genital tract. Russian Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Edition 2, corrected and supplemented – M., – 2019.- 56 p.
⁴ Carson C. F. et al. Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) Oil: a Review of Antimicrobialand Other Medicinal Properties. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Jan. 2006, p. 50–62
⁵ Batyrova Z.K. et al. Substantiation of the possibility of using the gel for intimate hygiene with tea tree oil in the complex treatment and prevention of candidiasis // Reproductive health of children and adolescents. 2020. V. 16, No. 3. S. 34–38.
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⁷ Correction of vaginal biocenosis disorders https://docplayer.