What causes candidiasis of the skin. How to recognize the symptoms of a yeast infection on skin folds. Which treatments are most effective for candidiasis. When to see a doctor for a skin yeast infection. How to prevent recurrent candidiasis outbreaks.

Understanding Candidiasis: A Common Fungal Skin Infection

Candidiasis of the skin, also known as cutaneous candidiasis, is a fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of Candida yeast on the skin. While small amounts of Candida naturally live on our skin without causing problems, certain conditions can lead to excessive growth and infection. This results in a characteristic red, itchy rash that commonly develops in skin folds and other warm, moist areas of the body.

Why does candidiasis occur? The Candida fungus thrives in warm, humid environments. When conditions are right, it can multiply rapidly and overwhelm the skin’s natural defenses. Some factors that increase the risk of developing a Candida skin infection include:

• Warm, humid weather
• Tight, non-breathable clothing
• Poor hygiene habits
• Infrequent changing of undergarments
• Obesity and skin folds
• Use of antibiotics that disrupt skin flora
• Medications that suppress the immune system
• Medical conditions that weaken immunity
• Diabetes and high blood sugar levels
• Pregnancy
• Incomplete drying after bathing or swimming

Understanding these risk factors is key to both preventing and managing candidiasis effectively. By addressing underlying causes and creating an inhospitable environment for Candida growth, many cases can be avoided or quickly resolved.

Recognizing the Symptoms of Cutaneous Candidiasis

How can you tell if you have a Candida skin infection? The hallmark symptom is a red, itchy rash that develops in areas prone to moisture and friction. Common sites include:

• Skin folds under the breasts or in the groin area
• Between fingers or toes
• In the armpits
• Under the buttocks
• Around the navel
• In the creases of the neck

The rash may appear as areas of redness with satellite pustules or papules at the edges. In more severe cases, the skin can become cracked, sore, and even develop blisters. The intense itching associated with candidiasis can lead to scratching, potentially worsening symptoms and increasing the risk of secondary bacterial infections.

Are there other signs to watch for? In addition to the characteristic rash, candidiasis can also affect the nails, causing thickening, discoloration, and separation from the nail bed. It may also lead to angular cheilitis, a condition causing redness and cracking at the corners of the mouth.

Differential Diagnosis: Conditions That Mimic Candidiasis

While the symptoms of cutaneous candidiasis are often distinctive, several other skin conditions can present similarly. This is why proper diagnosis by a healthcare professional is crucial. Some conditions that may be mistaken for a Candida infection include:

• Ringworm (dermatophytosis)
• Intertrigo
• Psoriasis
• Eczema
• Seborrheic dermatitis
• Contact dermatitis
• Erythrasma

How do doctors differentiate candidiasis from other skin conditions? In many cases, a thorough physical examination and patient history are sufficient for diagnosis. However, if there’s uncertainty, your doctor may perform a simple skin scraping or swab test. This sample is then examined under a microscope or cultured to confirm the presence of Candida fungi.

Effective Treatment Strategies for Candidiasis of the Skin

Once diagnosed, how is cutaneous candidiasis treated? The good news is that many cases respond well to a combination of improved hygiene practices and over-the-counter antifungal medications. Here’s a breakdown of common treatment approaches:

Topical Antifungal Medications

These are typically the first line of defense against Candida skin infections. Available in creams, ointments, or powders, they work by directly killing the fungus or preventing its growth. Common active ingredients include:

• Clotrimazole
• Miconazole
• Ketoconazole
• Terbinafine
• Nystatin

How long should topical treatments be used? Most courses last 1-2 weeks, but it’s essential to follow your healthcare provider’s instructions and complete the full treatment, even if symptoms improve sooner.

Oral Antifungal Medications

For more severe or widespread infections, oral antifungal drugs may be prescribed. These work systemically to combat the Candida overgrowth. Common options include fluconazole and itraconazole. While effective, these medications can have side effects and may interact with other drugs, so they’re typically reserved for more challenging cases.

Lifestyle and Hygiene Measures

Alongside medication, certain lifestyle changes can significantly improve outcomes and prevent recurrence:

• Keep affected areas clean and dry
• Use gentle, fragrance-free soaps
• Wear loose-fitting, breathable clothing
• Change out of damp clothes promptly
• Use separate towels for affected areas
• Avoid scratching the rash

Preventing Recurrent Candida Skin Infections

How can you reduce the risk of future candidiasis outbreaks? Prevention is key, and several strategies can help keep Candida in check:

1. Maintain good hygiene: Regular bathing and thorough drying, especially in skin folds and other prone areas, is crucial.
2. Choose breathable fabrics: Opt for natural, moisture-wicking materials like cotton for clothing and undergarments.
3. Manage underlying conditions: Keep diabetes well-controlled and address any immune system issues.
4. Use probiotics: Both oral and topical probiotics may help maintain a healthy balance of skin flora.
5. Limit sugar intake: A low-sugar diet can help prevent Candida overgrowth.
6. Be cautious with antibiotics: Only use when necessary and consider probiotic supplementation during treatment.
7. Practice good intimate hygiene: For genital area infections, avoid douching and use unscented products.

By incorporating these preventive measures into your daily routine, you can significantly reduce the likelihood of recurrent Candida skin infections.

Candidiasis in Special Populations: Infants and Immunocompromised Individuals

While candidiasis can affect anyone, certain groups are at higher risk and may require special consideration. How does the approach differ for these populations?

Candidiasis in Infants

Babies are particularly prone to Candida infections, especially in the diaper area. This is often referred to as diaper rash, though not all diaper rashes are fungal in nature. For infants with candidiasis:

• Change diapers frequently
• Clean the area gently but thoroughly
• Allow the skin to dry completely before applying a new diaper
• Use barrier creams to protect the skin
• Consider antifungal creams if the rash persists (under pediatric guidance)

Candidiasis in Immunocompromised Individuals

People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, undergoing chemotherapy, or taking immunosuppressive drugs, are at higher risk for severe or widespread Candida infections. In these cases:

• More aggressive treatment may be necessary
• Oral antifungals are often prescribed
• Close monitoring for systemic spread is crucial
• Preventive measures are especially important

Healthcare providers must tailor the approach based on the individual’s overall health status and any underlying conditions.

When to Seek Medical Attention for Candidiasis

While many cases of cutaneous candidiasis can be managed at home, certain situations warrant professional medical care. When should you consult a healthcare provider?

• If symptoms persist after a week of over-the-counter treatment
• If the rash is widespread or severe
• If you develop a fever or other signs of infection
• If you have diabetes or a compromised immune system
• If the infection is in a sensitive area like the face or genitals
• If you experience recurrent infections

Prompt medical attention in these cases can prevent complications and ensure appropriate treatment. Your healthcare provider can also help identify any underlying factors contributing to recurrent infections.

The Role of Diet and Nutrition in Managing Candidiasis

Can dietary changes help prevent or manage Candida skin infections? While the direct impact of diet on cutaneous candidiasis is still a subject of research, some evidence suggests that nutrition may play a role in overall Candida balance within the body.

What dietary approaches might be beneficial? Consider the following strategies:

• Reduce sugar intake: Candida thrives on sugar, so limiting simple carbohydrates and added sugars may help control overgrowth.
• Increase probiotic-rich foods: Yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut, and other fermented foods can support a healthy balance of microorganisms on the skin and in the gut.
• Consume prebiotic foods: Garlic, onions, leeks, and asparagus contain prebiotic fibers that nourish beneficial bacteria.
• Stay hydrated: Proper hydration supports overall skin health and immune function.
• Consider antifungal foods: Some foods like coconut oil, olive oil, and oregano have natural antifungal properties that may be beneficial.

While dietary changes alone are unlikely to cure an active Candida infection, they can be a valuable part of a comprehensive prevention and management strategy. Always consult with a healthcare provider before making significant dietary changes, especially if you have other health conditions.

Emerging Research and Future Directions in Candidiasis Treatment

As our understanding of fungal infections and the human microbiome deepens, new approaches to preventing and treating candidiasis are emerging. What areas of research show promise?

Microbiome-Based Therapies

Scientists are exploring how manipulating the skin’s microbiome might prevent Candida overgrowth. This could involve developing probiotic skin treatments or identifying beneficial bacteria that naturally inhibit Candida growth.

Novel Antifungal Agents

Research is ongoing to develop new antifungal medications that are more effective and have fewer side effects than current options. Some areas of focus include:

• Drugs that target specific fungal cellular processes
• Combination therapies that enhance the effectiveness of existing antifungals
• Natural compounds with antifungal properties

Immunomodulatory Approaches

Understanding how the immune system interacts with Candida could lead to new treatments that boost the body’s natural defenses against fungal overgrowth.

Personalized Medicine

As genetic testing becomes more accessible, treatments may be tailored based on an individual’s genetic susceptibility to Candida infections or their likelihood of responding to specific therapies.

While these areas of research are exciting, it’s important to note that new treatments must undergo rigorous testing before becoming widely available. In the meantime, focusing on prevention and using current evidence-based treatments remains the best approach for managing candidiasis of the skin.

In conclusion, candidiasis of the skin is a common but manageable condition. By understanding its causes, recognizing symptoms early, and implementing effective prevention and treatment strategies, most people can successfully keep Candida overgrowth in check. As research continues to advance our understanding of fungal infections and the skin microbiome, we can look forward to even more effective and personalized approaches to managing this persistent skin condition.

Candidiasis of the Skin: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

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Our team thoroughly researches and evaluates the recommendations we make on our site. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we:

• Evaluate ingredients and composition: Do they have the potential to cause harm?
• Fact-check all health claims: Do they align with the current body of scientific evidence?
• Assess the brand: Does it operate with integrity and adhere to industry best practices?

We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness.

Read more about our vetting process.

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Candidiasis is a fungal skin infection. Home remedies and lifestyle changes often help, but antifungal cream or powder may be necessary.

Different types of bacteria and fungi live and grow on your skin. Most of them aren’t dangerous. Your body requires the majority of them to carry out normal functions. However, some can cause infections when they begin to multiply uncontrollably.

The Candida fungus is one of these potentially harmful organisms. When an overgrowth of Candida develops on the skin, an infection can occur. This condition is known as candidiasis of the skin, or cutaneous candidiasis.

Candidiasis of the skin often causes a red, itchy rash to form, most commonly in the folds of the skin. This rash may also spread to other areas of the body. While the symptoms are often bothersome, they can usually be treated with improved hygiene and antifungal creams or powders.

The main symptom of candidiasis of the skin is a rash. The rash often causes redness and intense itching. In some cases, the infection can cause the skin to become cracked and sore. Blisters and pustules may also occur.

The rash can affect various parts the body, but it’s most likely to develop in the folds of the skin. This includes areas in the armpits, in the groin, between the fingers, and under the breasts. Candida can also cause infections in the nails, edges of the nails, and corners of the mouth.

Other conditions that may resemble candidiasis of the skin include:

• ringworm
• hives
• herpes
• diabetes-related skin conditions
• contact dermatitis
• seborrheic dermatitis
• eczema
• psoriasis

Candidiasis of the skin develops when the skin becomes infected with Candida. A small amount of Candida fungi naturally live on the skin. When this type of fungus begins to multiply uncontrollably, however, it can cause an infection. This may occur because of:

• warm weather
• tight clothing
• poor hygiene
• infrequent undergarment changes
• obesity
• the use of antibiotics that kill harmless bacteria that keep Candida under control
• the use of corticosteroids or other medications that affect the immune system
• a weakened immune system as a result of diabetes, pregnancy, or another medical condition
• incomplete drying of damp or wet skin

Candida fungi thrive and grow in warm, moist areas. This is why the condition often affects areas where there are folds of skin.

Babies can also develop candidiasis of the skin, especially on the buttocks. A diaper tends to provide an ideal environment for Candida.

Candidiasis of the skin usually isn’t contagious. However, people with weakened immune systems may develop the condition after touching the skin of an infected person. Those with compromised immune systems are also more likely to develop a severe infection as a result of candidiasis.

Your doctor will likely be able to make a diagnosis simply by performing a physical examination. During the exam, they’ll inspect the location of your rash and the appearance of your skin.

Your doctor may also want to perform a skin culture before making a diagnosis of candidiasis of the skin. During a skin culture, your doctor will rub a cotton swab over the affected area and collect a skin sample. The sample will then be sent to a laboratory to be tested for the presence of Candida.

Candidiasis of the skin can usually be prevented with home remedies, the most important of which is proper hygiene. Washing the skin regularly and drying the skin thoroughly can prevent the skin from becoming too moist. This is vital to keeping Candida infections at bay.

There are many lifestyle changes you can make to both prevent and treat a candidiasis infection.

Helpful tips

• Quickly change out of damp clothing, such as swimsuits or sweaty workout clothes.
• Change your socks and undergarments regularly.
• Wear loose-fitting clothing.
• Use gentle and scent-free soap on affected areas.
• Add probiotics to your diet.
• Reduce the amount of sugar in your diet.

Was this helpful?

Since abnormal blood sugar levels can contribute to the development of Candida infections, keeping your blood sugar under control may also help relieve symptoms. You may be able to lower your blood sugar by reducing the amount of sugar in your diet and by exercising for 30 minutes at least three times per week. If you have diabetes, it’s important to continue following your doctor’s instructions as you may need to start receiving oral medications or an increased amount of insulin.

In severe or persistent cases of candidiasis, your doctor may recommend using an antifungal cream or powder that can be applied to your skin. Over-the-counter antifungal creams that are often recommended include clotrimazole (Mycelex), miconazole (Monistat), and tioconazole (Vagistat). This type of treatment can kill Candida and reduce the spread of the infection.

Your doctor may prescribe an antifungal cream such as nystatin or ketoconazole if the over-the-counter treatments aren’t effective. If the infection has already spread to areas inside your body, such as your throat or mouth, you may need to take an oral antifungal to get rid of it.

Cutaneous candidiasis (or candidiasis present on skin, nails, or hair) is a common occurrence in infants and babies.

Candidiasis-related diaper rash is one of the most frequently occurring candidiasis infections in babies. This rash is typically red with a well-defined border, and normally lasts more than three days. Treatment includes changing the infant’s diaper frequently and allowing them to wear loose-fitting clothes on top of the diaper. The antifungal nystatin may be prescribed.

Oral thrush is another common occurrence in newborns and infants under 6 months old. Symptoms can include cracked skin in the corners of the mouth and whitish patches on the lips, tongue, or inside of the cheeks. Your doctor can prescribe an antifungal medication that’s applied to the infant’s mouth several times a day.

If candidiasis infection is left untreated, it can enter the bloodstream and spread. See your doctor if you believe your baby has candidiasis.

Learn more: Oral thrush »

Although healthy children have strong immune systems, a 2010 study found that the rate of topical fungal infections among children is increasing rapidly. Children sometimes develop candidiasis infections after receiving antibiotics that treat another condition. Children who suck their thumbs may be prone to developing candidiasis infections in or around their nail beds.

If your child is 9 months or older and has reoccurring thrush or skin infections, this could point to an underlying health concern, such as HIV or another problem with the immune system. Older children with frequent or severe skin infections should also be tested for diabetes.

Candidiasis of the skin usually goes away with treatment, and most people fully recover without complications. If treated, the candidiasis typically resolves within one to two weeks. Without prescription treatment, recovery can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks, depending on the severity of the infection.

Even with treatment, it is possible for the infection to return in the future. People with compromised immune systems, especially those undergoing chemotherapy and those with HIV or AIDS, are at a much higher risk of severe or life threatening Candida infections. If you’re undergoing chemotherapy or you have HIV or AIDs and you develop severe throat pain, headache, or high fevers, you should see your doctor immediately.

A:

Answers represent the opinions of our medical experts. All content is strictly informational and should not be considered medical advice.

Was this helpful?

Candidiasis of the Skin: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

We include products we think are useful for our readers. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission Here’s our process.

Healthline only shows you brands and products that we stand behind.

Our team thoroughly researches and evaluates the recommendations we make on our site. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we:

• Evaluate ingredients and composition: Do they have the potential to cause harm?
• Fact-check all health claims: Do they align with the current body of scientific evidence?
• Assess the brand: Does it operate with integrity and adhere to industry best practices?

We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness.

Read more about our vetting process.

Was this helpful?

Candidiasis is a fungal skin infection. Home remedies and lifestyle changes often help, but antifungal cream or powder may be necessary.

Different types of bacteria and fungi live and grow on your skin. Most of them aren’t dangerous. Your body requires the majority of them to carry out normal functions. However, some can cause infections when they begin to multiply uncontrollably.

The Candida fungus is one of these potentially harmful organisms. When an overgrowth of Candida develops on the skin, an infection can occur. This condition is known as candidiasis of the skin, or cutaneous candidiasis.

Candidiasis of the skin often causes a red, itchy rash to form, most commonly in the folds of the skin. This rash may also spread to other areas of the body. While the symptoms are often bothersome, they can usually be treated with improved hygiene and antifungal creams or powders.

The main symptom of candidiasis of the skin is a rash. The rash often causes redness and intense itching. In some cases, the infection can cause the skin to become cracked and sore. Blisters and pustules may also occur.

The rash can affect various parts the body, but it’s most likely to develop in the folds of the skin. This includes areas in the armpits, in the groin, between the fingers, and under the breasts. Candida can also cause infections in the nails, edges of the nails, and corners of the mouth.

Other conditions that may resemble candidiasis of the skin include:

• ringworm
• hives
• herpes
• diabetes-related skin conditions
• contact dermatitis
• seborrheic dermatitis
• eczema
• psoriasis

Candidiasis of the skin develops when the skin becomes infected with Candida. A small amount of Candida fungi naturally live on the skin. When this type of fungus begins to multiply uncontrollably, however, it can cause an infection. This may occur because of:

• warm weather
• tight clothing
• poor hygiene
• infrequent undergarment changes
• obesity
• the use of antibiotics that kill harmless bacteria that keep Candida under control
• the use of corticosteroids or other medications that affect the immune system
• a weakened immune system as a result of diabetes, pregnancy, or another medical condition
• incomplete drying of damp or wet skin

Candida fungi thrive and grow in warm, moist areas. This is why the condition often affects areas where there are folds of skin.

Babies can also develop candidiasis of the skin, especially on the buttocks. A diaper tends to provide an ideal environment for Candida.

Candidiasis of the skin usually isn’t contagious. However, people with weakened immune systems may develop the condition after touching the skin of an infected person. Those with compromised immune systems are also more likely to develop a severe infection as a result of candidiasis.

Your doctor will likely be able to make a diagnosis simply by performing a physical examination. During the exam, they’ll inspect the location of your rash and the appearance of your skin.

Your doctor may also want to perform a skin culture before making a diagnosis of candidiasis of the skin. During a skin culture, your doctor will rub a cotton swab over the affected area and collect a skin sample. The sample will then be sent to a laboratory to be tested for the presence of Candida.

Candidiasis of the skin can usually be prevented with home remedies, the most important of which is proper hygiene. Washing the skin regularly and drying the skin thoroughly can prevent the skin from becoming too moist. This is vital to keeping Candida infections at bay.

There are many lifestyle changes you can make to both prevent and treat a candidiasis infection.

Helpful tips

• Quickly change out of damp clothing, such as swimsuits or sweaty workout clothes.
• Change your socks and undergarments regularly.
• Wear loose-fitting clothing.
• Use gentle and scent-free soap on affected areas.
• Add probiotics to your diet.
• Reduce the amount of sugar in your diet.

Was this helpful?

Since abnormal blood sugar levels can contribute to the development of Candida infections, keeping your blood sugar under control may also help relieve symptoms. You may be able to lower your blood sugar by reducing the amount of sugar in your diet and by exercising for 30 minutes at least three times per week. If you have diabetes, it’s important to continue following your doctor’s instructions as you may need to start receiving oral medications or an increased amount of insulin.

In severe or persistent cases of candidiasis, your doctor may recommend using an antifungal cream or powder that can be applied to your skin. Over-the-counter antifungal creams that are often recommended include clotrimazole (Mycelex), miconazole (Monistat), and tioconazole (Vagistat). This type of treatment can kill Candida and reduce the spread of the infection.

Your doctor may prescribe an antifungal cream such as nystatin or ketoconazole if the over-the-counter treatments aren’t effective. If the infection has already spread to areas inside your body, such as your throat or mouth, you may need to take an oral antifungal to get rid of it.

Cutaneous candidiasis (or candidiasis present on skin, nails, or hair) is a common occurrence in infants and babies.

Candidiasis-related diaper rash is one of the most frequently occurring candidiasis infections in babies. This rash is typically red with a well-defined border, and normally lasts more than three days. Treatment includes changing the infant’s diaper frequently and allowing them to wear loose-fitting clothes on top of the diaper. The antifungal nystatin may be prescribed.

Oral thrush is another common occurrence in newborns and infants under 6 months old. Symptoms can include cracked skin in the corners of the mouth and whitish patches on the lips, tongue, or inside of the cheeks. Your doctor can prescribe an antifungal medication that’s applied to the infant’s mouth several times a day.

If candidiasis infection is left untreated, it can enter the bloodstream and spread. See your doctor if you believe your baby has candidiasis.

Learn more: Oral thrush »

Although healthy children have strong immune systems, a 2010 study found that the rate of topical fungal infections among children is increasing rapidly. Children sometimes develop candidiasis infections after receiving antibiotics that treat another condition. Children who suck their thumbs may be prone to developing candidiasis infections in or around their nail beds.

If your child is 9 months or older and has reoccurring thrush or skin infections, this could point to an underlying health concern, such as HIV or another problem with the immune system. Older children with frequent or severe skin infections should also be tested for diabetes.

Candidiasis of the skin usually goes away with treatment, and most people fully recover without complications. If treated, the candidiasis typically resolves within one to two weeks. Without prescription treatment, recovery can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks, depending on the severity of the infection.

Even with treatment, it is possible for the infection to return in the future. People with compromised immune systems, especially those undergoing chemotherapy and those with HIV or AIDS, are at a much higher risk of severe or life threatening Candida infections. If you’re undergoing chemotherapy or you have HIV or AIDs and you develop severe throat pain, headache, or high fevers, you should see your doctor immediately.

A:

Answers represent the opinions of our medical experts. All content is strictly informational and should not be considered medical advice.

Was this helpful?

Skin fungus – health articles

11/10/2022

Skin fungus (mycosis) is a common fungal disease that is caused by parasitic, pathogenic fungi. The type of fungus that has entered the human body determines the nature of the course of the disease. There are skin fungus, foot fungus, hair fungus.

Types and symptoms of skin fungus

Keratomycosis

. Usually proceed without itching and inflammation. Caused by fungi living in the superficial layers of the skin and the stratum corneum of the hair. In this group, the most common skin diseases are versicolor versicolor.

Dermatophytosis

. These fungi live in the deeper layers of the skin and cause inflammation at the site of localization. These include diseases such as trichophytosis, epidermophytosis, microsporia, rubrophytosis and scab. Epidermophytosis – a fungus settles in the skin of the interdigital folds of the feet and soles, causing peeling. Then bubbles appear, which open up and form painful, itchy, weeping, inflamed areas. Then all manifestations disappear, and the disease passes into a chronic stage with an exacerbation in the warmer season. Over time, the nails fade, yellow spots appear and a thickening of the nail plate appears. With trichophytosis, this disease is also called ringworm, skin, nails and hair are affected. Infection is possible through personal contact with sick people and animals, and after a week a rapidly growing, scaly red spot appears.

Yeast infections

, or candidiasis, are caused by fungi of the genus Candida. These yeasts are usually present on the surface of the skin, but under favorable circumstances, they begin to overgrow. There is redness, peeling, itching, rash. Most often, this infection affects the armpits, groin, and skin folds at the flexion points. People who are obese, diabetic, and taking antibiotics are especially susceptible to Candida infection.

Deep mycoses

. They affect the skin and subcutaneous tissue, as well as internal organs and cause inflammation in them. These diseases are much less common and their treatment is more serious and lengthy.

Prolonged exposure to the fungus has a negative effect on the entire body. Toxins released during the life of the fungus have a general toxic effect, as a result of which bacterial and viral complications, drug intolerance, and exacerbation of chronic diseases can occur. Therefore, if the symptoms described above appear, you should definitely consult a doctor.

Causes

– insufficient adherence to personal hygiene rules
– various skin injuries
– decreased immunity
– metabolic disorders, endocrine diseases (diabetes mellitus, diseases of the thyroid gland and adrenal glands)
– gastrointestinal diseases associated with impaired digestion and insufficient absorption of nutrients
– uncontrolled and prolonged use of antibiotics, the use of certain drugs, including oral contraceptives and corticosteroids
– constant stress and long-term lack of rest
– smoking and alcohol abuse.

Diagnosis and treatment

To successfully cure a skin fungus, it is necessary to accurately determine the type of fungus using a laboratory test. The doctor takes into account not only the type of fungus and the degree of spread of the focus of the disease, the degree of inflammation, but the effectiveness and safety of the drug individually for each patient. The duration of treatment is also controlled depending on the location of the infection and the severity of the disease.

Treatment of skin fungus includes: applying creams, ointments, aerosols, taking immunostimulating drugs.

Prevention of skin fungus:

– immediate treatment of acute diseases and planned treatment of chronic diseases of internal organs
– proper and healthy nutrition, additional intake of vitamins and minerals
– prevention of skin and nail injuries
– wearing only personal shoes in the pool and sauna
– using only your own clothes, shoes and underwear

Considering the factors contributing to the development of fungal infection and the prevention of skin fungus, please note that a healthy lifestyle plays an important role.

Yeast infections: diseases, treatment and preparations

Where can I buy?

Encyclopedia

Fungus

Skin and/or mucous membrane lesions caused by yeast fungi are called yeast infections.

The author of the article

Moshkova Elena Mikhailovna

Dermatovenereologist, head of the KDO for the provision of paid services, St. Petersburg State Budgetary Institution of Health “City Dermatovenerologic Dispensary”, St. Petersburg.

What yeast-like fungi cause disease in humans

Both bacteria and fungal microorganisms normally live on human skin. In small quantities, they are part of the normal microflora of the skin. Yeasts and yeast-like fungi can also live on the skin without causing any skin disease. However, if adverse factors occur (decreased immunity, impaired microflora), fungi begin to actively multiply, their number increases and leads to the development of the disease.

How is skin fungus treated? Watch in a two-minute video with Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences Olga Borisovna Tamrazova

Fungi of the genus Malassezia

Yeast-like fungi of the genus Malassezia – the cause of skin dermatosis: seborrheic dermatitis and versicolor (pityriasis) versicolor 90 079 . Approximately 20% of people experience occasional cases of seborrheic dermatitis. And 10% of the population suffers from multicolored (pityriasis) lichen ³ .

Fungi of the genus Candida

Yeast fungi of the genus Candida – causative agents of candidiasis of the skin, mucous membranes and internal organs. Fungi of the genus Candida are conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, for the existence of which the presence of oxygen in the environment is an optional condition. This explains the possibility of candidiasis of internal organs.

Up to 30-50% of the population carry Candida on their skin. This type of fungus can colonize the mucous membrane of the mouth, intestines, and the genitourinary system.

How fungi of the genus Candida affect human health

Cause itching and dry skin

Provoke the appearance of a white coating on the tongue and bad breath

Contribute to vaginal candidiasis

Affect the feet

900 02 Of the 150 existing species of Candida, 20 species are the causative agents of candidiasis . Most often, Candida albicans, C.tropicalis, C.parapsilosis, C.glabrata ¹ are found in patients.

Skin may show C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. guillermondii, C. kefyr ¹ . However, skin candidiasis usually develops due to the presence of Candida albicans , other types of Candida cause skin lesions much less ¹ .

The cause of candidiasis of the genitourinary system in almost 90% of people is C. albicans, in 10% – C. krusei, C. glabrata and others ¹ .

Sites of localization of yeast infections. Symptoms

Seborrheic dermatitis

Seborrheic dermatitis most often occurs on the face and scalp. But the process can be widespread and localized in other seborrheic areas of the body (skin of the back, chest). Rashes are represented by pink spots with peeling on the surface. Sometimes the inflammation is so severe that itching and excessive moisture of the skin (weeping) appear. Often the only manifestation of seborrheic dermatitis is dandruff.

Pityriasis versicolor (pityriasis)

With versicolor versicolor, there is no skin inflammation, so patients are only concerned about the aesthetic component of dermatosis. Spots up to 1 cm usually appear on parts of the body with excessive sweating. The color of the rashes can vary from beige to pink, over time the spots merge into large foci.

Candidiasis of the skin and oral mucosa

Candidiasis of the skin often occurs in the interdigital, axillary, inguinal folds, on the skin under the mammary glands, the fold of the abdomen.

Large fold candidiasis

Large fold candidiasis doctors also call Candida intertrigo ² . At the bottom of the fold, small bubbles appear, which open up, exposing bright pink with a bluish tinge of skin erosion. Over time, defects in the upper layer of the skin increase in size, merge and can completely spread to the entire surface of a large fold. The erosive surface is wet with a lacquer sheen. A whitish coating may be present. On the periphery of candidal foci, screenings can be found – islands of skin with small vesicles, pustules or small erosions.

Candidiasis of the interdigital folds of the hands often occurs in housewives, catering workers. The predisposing factor is constant contact with water. Often only one interdigital fold on the “working” hand is affected. There is redness, itching, there may be cracks.

Smooth skin candidiasis

Smooth skin candidiasis is more often a complication of an underlying dermatological disease, such as atopic dermatitis or due to the spread of a fungal infection from the skin of large folds.

Candidiasis of the nail folds and nails

Redness, swelling, pain appear at the site of the fungus penetration into the skin of the periungual fold. When pressing on the periungual roller, there are no purulent compartments, in contrast to inflammation of a bacterial nature. And brownish transverse grooves appear on the nail plate, the nail thickens, loses its luster.

Urogenital candidiasis

This disease does not apply to infections that are sexually transmitted ² .

In men, candidal balanitis, balanoposthitis and urethritis are more common.

Men report the following symptoms: ³

• Redness, whitish coating, swelling, itching, burning in the area of ​​the glans penis
• Painful urination and intercourse

See how thrush is treated in a short video by professor, doctor of medical sciences, Evgenia Valerievna Shikh

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (thrush) occurs in women – Candida fungi damage the mucous membrane of the external genitalia and vagina.

More than 70% of women have had an episode of urogenital candidiasis at least once in their lives. And 15% of them had repeated episodes of this disease ³ .

Women note: ³

• White curdled discharge from the genital tract
• Itching, burning
• Painful urination and intercourse

Predisposing factors for yeast infections

Predisposing factors for yeast infections: ³

• Long-term antibiotic therapy
• Taking anticancer drugs (cytostatics)
• Uncompensated diabetes mellitus
• Immunodeficiency
• Hormonal disorders

Predisposing factors for skin candidiasis include: prolonged contact with water, skin abrasions, excess weight. For the development of oral candidiasis – traumatization of the mucous membrane, for example, when wearing dentures, braces.

Diagnosis of yeast infections

Diagnosis of skin candidiasis is based on the clinical picture of the disease. The doctor may additionally prescribe a skin scraping test for the presence of Candida fungi.

In the diagnosis of urogenital candidiasis, microscopic and cultural methods with the determination of the type of fungus of the genus Candida and its sensitivity to antifungal drugs are of great importance ³ . And with the help of special test systems, you can detect DNA fragments of the causative agent of urogenital candidiasis.

Diagnosis of diseases caused by fungi of the genus Malassezia is based on examination of skin manifestations, dermatoscopy, examination of skin scrapings for fungi, determination of the Besnier phenomenon (peeling of the rash when scraped with a fingernail or spatula) and Balzer’s test (5% alcohol solution of iodine is applied to the affected area with Entrapment of healthy skin.Increased staining of the rash compared to areas of healthy skin indicates the presence of fungi of the genus Malassezia).

Treatment of yeast infections

Treatment of candidiasis of the skin consists of:

1) Use of topical antifungals in the form of cream/ointment, solution, spray

2) Eliminate the source of the pathogen in the intestines or genitourinary tract, for this prescribe antifungal drugs for oral administration

3) Elimination or correction of provoking factors

Treatment of urogenital candidiasis consists of:0003

2) Prescription of anti-allergic drugs

3) Vitamin therapy

(Immunomodulatory drugs are recommended in some cases)

, creams, ointments) and for oral administration (tablets, capsules). Most often, it is possible to solve the problem with external antifungal agents. However, with widespread rashes, severe persistent course, drugs are prescribed for oral administration

The use of antiseptic or antibacterial drugs when connecting a bacterial infection to the weeping areas of the skin

of the use of combined drugs containing anti -inflammatory hormone, antibiotic and antifungal components, if skin soreness occurs

for candidiasis of the skin, seborrheic dermatitis, multi -colored) external antifungal medicines: sertaconazole, clotrimazole, ketoconazole, terbinafine. For example, appointment Zalain ^® cream 2% (sertaconazole) promotes healing better than other drugs (versus clotrimazole) ⁵ .

Sertaconazole-based cream (Zalain®) for yeast infections

Sertaconazole-based products (Zalain ^® ) are available in the form of suppositories and cream.

When Zalain ^® cream is applied topically for two weeks, the components of the drug are not detected in the blood and urine, which indicates a high safety profile of the drug ⁷ .

Sertaconazole has a triple action: it prevents the growth and reproduction of fungi, promotes their death, and also prevents the transition of fungi from a passive form to a pathogenic one (only for fungi of the genus Candida) ¹⁵ .

Instruction

Zalain ^® Yeast Infection Cream

How to use Zalain Cream ^®

In case of skin candidiasis, seborrheic dermatitis, pityriasis versicolor Zalain ^® cream is applied 2 times a day in a thin layer covering healthy skin for 2-4 weeks ⁶ .

Topical and systemic antifungal therapy may be indicated for the treatment of urogenital candidiasis.

Urogenital candidiasis in men can be treated externally:

• Zalain ^® cream is applied 2 times a day in a thin layer for 14 days ⁶ .

Triple effect: antifungal, antipruritic, anti-inflammatory

Used 1-2 times a day

Where to buy Zalain ^® Yeast Infection Cream

or

Find the nearest pharmacy

Zalain ^® Suppositories

Cream based on sertaconazole (Zalain ^® ) for the treatment of fungal infections al tablets or suppositories (suppositories).

Doctors also recommend vaginal suppositories based on sertaconazole (Zalain ^® ). One suppository is inserted into the vagina 1 time. The use of 1 vaginal suppository is explained by the fact that sertaconazole has a high lipophilicity – it dissolves well in lipid (fat) cell structures. Due to this, the drug remains in the vaginal mucosa for a long time (7 days) at a therapeutic concentration, having a triple mechanism of action on Candida fungi. For women, this prescription of the drug is very convenient.

Unlike other drugs for the treatment of urogenital candidiasis, the effect of Zalain ^® suppositories is observed with a single application of ⁷ . If necessary (maintenance of clinical symptoms), treatment can be repeated after 1 week ⁷ . The doctor may recommend Zalain ^® suppositories to pregnant women if necessary.

The use of specially adapted intimate hygiene gels helps maintain a healthy microflora of the vulva and resist infections.

Only 1 suppository per course

Local effect of the drug

Absorption of sertaconazole into the bloodstream does not occur ¹³

Can be used during pregnancy and lactation*

Where to buy Zalain ^® Candles

Instruction

Why is 1 candle valid for 7 days?

Zalagel ^® Intim

Antiseptic properties of components Zalagel ^® Intim

Zalagel ^® Intim gel-soap, gently cleanses the skin of the intimate area, has a calming effect ohm and helps to reduce the feeling of discomfort.

U Zalagel ^® Intim Mild alkaline pH (8-9), creating a destructive environment for fungi of the genus Candida (causative agents of thrush). The betaine component, which is part of the gel, prevents dryness of the intimate area, maintains the physiological balance of the skin and mucous membranes.

Gently cleanses the intimate area

Creates a destructive environment for fungi of the Candida genus

Protects the female genital organs from infections

Tea tree oil in the composition of the product has an antibacterial and antiviral effect

Reduces itching and irritation 9000 3

Where to buy Zalagel ^® Intimacy

or

Find the nearest pharmacy

Instruction

Answers to questions

How to understand that thrush has become chronic?

Answer: Four or more episodes of thrush per year are in favor of chronic recurrent urogenital candidiasis.

How long does the treatment for versicolor take?

Answer: Treatment of multicolored lichen, as a rule, consists in prescribing external antifungal therapy. The duration of treatment is selected individually and usually lasts at least 2 weeks.

Is it possible to wet the skin with candidiasis of the folds?

Answer: In the acute period of the disease, until the skin process stabilizes, it is necessary to limit contact with water.

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Sources

1. Russian clinical guidelines.
2. Textbook “Skin and venereal diseases” edited by O.L. Ivanov., 2010.
3. National Guide to Dermatovenereology edited by prof. Yu.S. Butova, acad. RAMS Yu. K. Skripkina, prof. O.L. Ivanov.
4. Clinical guidelines of the Russian Federation, Urogenital candidiasis 2019
5. Efficacy and safety study of Zalain® 2% cream in the treatment of skin mycoses. IG Sergeeva, Yu. M. Krinitsyna Novosibirsk State University.
6. Register of Medicines of Russia, official instructions for the active ingredient Sertaconazole.
7. Register of Medicines of Russia, official instructions for Zalain® 2% cream.
8. Register of Medicines of Russia, official instructions Zalain 300 mg, vaginal suppositories.
9. RMJ No. 9, 2015. “Vulvovaginal candidiasis. The use of Zalain in clinical practice. E. S. Vanke, N. S. Vanke.
10. Mondello F, De Bernardis F, Girolamo A, Cassone A, Salvatore G. In vivo activity of terpinen-4-ol, the main bioactive component of Melaleuca alternifolia Cheel (tea tree) oil against azole-susceptible and -resistant human pathogenic Candida sp. BMC Infect Dis. 2006;6:158.
11. Hammer KA, Carson CF, Riley TV. In vitro susceptibilities of lactobacilli and organisms associated with bacterial vaginosis to Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999;43:196.
12. Pena EF. Melaleuca alternifolia oil. Its use for trichomonal vaginitis and other vaginal infections. Obstet Gynecol 1962;19:793-5.
13. Astani A, Reichling J, Schnitzler P. Comparative study on the antiviral activity of selected monoterpenes derived from essential oils.