What are the common causes of skin fungus around eyes. How to identify symptoms of facial yeast infections. What are effective treatments for fungal eye infections. How to prevent skin fungus on face and eyelids.

Understanding Facial Yeast Infections: A Common Skin Concern

Facial yeast infections, particularly those occurring around the eyes, are a prevalent skin condition affecting millions worldwide. These infections, primarily caused by Candida species of fungi, can lead to discomfort and cosmetic concerns. Understanding the nature of these infections is crucial for effective management and prevention.

What Exactly is a Facial Yeast Infection?

A yeast infection on the face is an overgrowth of fungal organisms, typically Candida albicans, on the skin or mucous membranes. While these fungi naturally exist on healthy skin in balanced numbers, certain conditions can disrupt this equilibrium, leading to infection.

Recognizing Symptoms of Skin Fungus Around Eyes

Identifying a yeast infection on the face, especially around the eyes, is crucial for timely treatment. Common symptoms include:

• Skin discoloration, often appearing as redness
• Thickening of the affected skin
• Persistent itchiness
• Mild to severe inflammation
• Oozing or crusting in severe cases

In cases where the infection develops in the skin folds of the eyelids, a condition known as intertrigo may precede the yeast infection. This can lead to additional symptoms such as burning sensations and the development of pus-filled lesions.

Causes and Risk Factors for Facial Fungal Infections

Several factors can contribute to the development of yeast infections on the face and around the eyes:

1. Friction between skin folds
2. Use of certain medications, particularly antibiotics
3. Underlying health conditions like diabetes or weakened immune system
4. Skin injuries that compromise the natural barrier
5. Excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis)
6. Poor hygiene practices
7. Malnutrition

Understanding these risk factors can help individuals take preventive measures and reduce their likelihood of developing facial yeast infections.

Diagnosing Fungal Eye Infections: When to Seek Medical Attention

Proper diagnosis of a yeast infection around the eyes is essential for effective treatment. While some symptoms may be apparent, a healthcare professional can provide a definitive diagnosis and rule out other potential skin conditions.

Diagnostic Procedures for Facial Yeast Infections

Healthcare providers may employ various methods to diagnose a yeast infection on the face:

• Visual examination of the affected area
• Skin scraping for microscopic analysis
• Culture tests to identify the specific fungal species
• In some cases, a biopsy may be necessary for conclusive diagnosis

Early diagnosis can prevent the infection from spreading or becoming chronic, especially in individuals with compromised immune systems or underlying health conditions.

Effective Treatments for Skin Fungus Around Eyes

Once diagnosed, treating a yeast infection on the face requires a targeted approach. The primary goal is to eliminate the overgrowth of fungi and alleviate symptoms.

Topical Antifungal Medications

The most common treatment for facial yeast infections involves topical antifungal products. These are available in various forms:

• Creams
• Gels
• Ointments
• Sprays

Popular antifungal medications for facial use include:

• Econazole (Spectrazole)
• Ketoconazole (Nizoral)
• Clotrimazole (Canesten)
• Miconazole (Monistat)

It’s crucial to follow the prescribed application instructions and complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve quickly.

Oral and Intravenous Antifungals

In more severe or persistent cases, oral or intravenous antifungal medications may be necessary. These include:

• Fluconazole (Diflucan)
• Amphotericin B (Fungizone)

These treatments are typically reserved for cases that don’t respond to topical therapies or for individuals with compromised immune systems.

Managing Intertrigo: A Precursor to Facial Yeast Infections

Intertrigo, a condition that can precede yeast infections in skin folds, requires specific management strategies:

• Minimizing moisture in affected areas
• Reducing friction through proper skincare
• Using barrier creams (with caution and medical guidance)

It’s important to note that barrier creams can sometimes exacerbate yeast colonization, so their use should be discussed with a healthcare provider, especially when applied near the eyes.

Preventing Fungal Eye Infections: Proactive Measures

Prevention is key in managing facial yeast infections. Here are some strategies to reduce the risk of developing skin fungus around the eyes:

• Maintain good facial hygiene, especially in hot and humid weather
• Dry the face thoroughly after sweating or physical activity
• Avoid using harsh skincare products that may disrupt the skin’s natural balance
• Manage underlying health conditions like diabetes effectively
• Boost the immune system through a balanced diet and healthy lifestyle
• Use antifungal powders or sprays in skin folds during hot weather
• Change out of wet or sweaty clothing promptly

By incorporating these preventive measures into daily routines, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of developing facial yeast infections.

Special Considerations for Infants: Seborrheic Dermatitis

Infants are particularly susceptible to a type of yeast infection known as seborrheic dermatitis, commonly referred to as cradle cap. This condition affects approximately 10% of infants in their first three months of life.

Recognizing Seborrheic Dermatitis in Infants

Symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis in babies may include:

• Red, scaly patches on the skin
• Itching and burning sensations
• Small, raised bumps on the affected areas

While seborrheic dermatitis often resolves on its own, persistent or severe cases may require medical intervention. Parents should consult with a pediatrician for proper diagnosis and treatment recommendations.

The Impact of Environmental Factors on Facial Yeast Infections

Environmental conditions play a significant role in the development and persistence of yeast infections on the face. Understanding these factors can help individuals take appropriate precautions.

Climate and Humidity

Hot and humid weather creates an ideal environment for yeast growth. In such conditions, it’s crucial to:

• Keep the face clean and dry
• Use moisture-wicking fabrics for clothing and accessories
• Consider using antifungal powders in areas prone to moisture accumulation

Personal Hygiene Practices

Maintaining proper hygiene is essential in preventing facial yeast infections. This includes:

• Regular face washing with gentle, pH-balanced cleansers
• Avoiding sharing personal items like towels or makeup
• Regularly cleaning and replacing makeup brushes and applicators

By being mindful of these environmental factors and maintaining good hygiene practices, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of developing facial yeast infections.

The Role of Nutrition in Managing Facial Fungal Infections

Diet plays a crucial role in overall skin health and can influence the body’s ability to fight off fungal infections. A balanced diet rich in certain nutrients can help strengthen the immune system and create an environment less favorable for yeast overgrowth.

Beneficial Nutrients for Skin Health

Incorporating the following nutrients into your diet can support skin health and potentially reduce the risk of facial yeast infections:

• Vitamin C: Boosts collagen production and supports immune function
• Vitamin E: Acts as an antioxidant, protecting skin cells from damage
• Zinc: Supports skin healing and has antifungal properties
• Omega-3 fatty acids: Reduce inflammation and support skin barrier function
• Probiotics: Help maintain a healthy balance of microorganisms on the skin

Consuming a varied diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains can provide these essential nutrients and support overall skin health.

Foods to Limit or Avoid

Certain foods may contribute to yeast overgrowth or exacerbate existing infections. Consider limiting or avoiding:

• Refined sugars and carbohydrates
• Alcohol
• Processed foods high in preservatives
• Excessive dairy products

By making mindful dietary choices, individuals can support their body’s natural defenses against fungal infections and promote healthier skin.

Long-Term Management and Follow-Up Care for Facial Yeast Infections

Effectively managing facial yeast infections, especially those around the eyes, often requires ongoing care and vigilance. Even after successful treatment, individuals may need to take steps to prevent recurrence and maintain optimal skin health.

Post-Treatment Care

After completing a course of antifungal treatment, it’s important to:

• Continue monitoring the affected area for any signs of recurrence
• Maintain a consistent skincare routine using gentle, non-irritating products
• Consider using prophylactic antifungal treatments as recommended by a healthcare provider
• Address any underlying conditions that may contribute to fungal overgrowth

When to Seek Follow-Up Care

Individuals should consult their healthcare provider if they experience:

• Persistent symptoms despite completing treatment
• Frequent recurrences of yeast infections
• New or worsening symptoms
• Signs of spreading infection or complications

Regular follow-up care can help ensure that the infection is fully resolved and allow for timely adjustments to treatment plans if necessary.

Emerging Research and Future Treatments for Facial Fungal Infections

The field of dermatology continues to advance, with ongoing research into new treatments and management strategies for facial yeast infections. Some promising areas of study include:

• Novel antifungal compounds with improved efficacy and fewer side effects
• Probiotic-based treatments to restore skin microbiome balance
• Advanced diagnostic tools for faster and more accurate identification of fungal species
• Personalized treatment approaches based on individual skin microbiome profiles

While these developments are exciting, it’s important to note that new treatments must undergo rigorous testing and approval processes before becoming widely available. Patients should always consult with healthcare professionals for the most current and appropriate treatment options.

The Psychological Impact of Facial Yeast Infections

Beyond the physical symptoms, yeast infections on the face, particularly around the eyes, can have significant psychological effects. The visible nature of these infections can lead to self-consciousness, social anxiety, and even depression in some individuals.

Coping Strategies

To address the emotional aspects of dealing with facial yeast infections, consider the following strategies:

• Seek support from friends, family, or support groups
• Practice stress-reduction techniques such as meditation or yoga
• Consult with a mental health professional if feelings of anxiety or depression persist
• Focus on overall health and well-being, not just the skin condition
• Educate yourself about the condition to feel more in control

Remember that facial yeast infections are common and treatable. With proper care and support, both the physical and emotional aspects of this condition can be effectively managed.

Integrating Traditional and Alternative Approaches to Facial Yeast Infections

While conventional medical treatments remain the primary approach for managing facial yeast infections, some individuals may be interested in exploring complementary or alternative therapies. It’s important to approach these options with caution and always in consultation with a healthcare provider.

Potential Alternative Treatments

Some alternative approaches that have shown promise in managing yeast infections include:

• Tea tree oil: Known for its antifungal properties, but must be diluted properly
• Coconut oil: Contains lauric acid, which has antifungal effects
• Garlic: Has natural antifungal compounds, but may cause skin irritation
• Apple cider vinegar: May help balance skin pH, but should be used cautiously

It’s crucial to note that these alternative treatments should not replace prescribed medical treatments. Always discuss any alternative therapies with a healthcare provider before incorporating them into your treatment plan, especially when dealing with sensitive areas like the eyes.

The Role of Skincare Routines in Preventing Facial Yeast Infections

A well-designed skincare routine can play a significant role in preventing and managing yeast infections on the face. By maintaining healthy skin, individuals can create an environment less conducive to fungal overgrowth.

Key Elements of a Protective Skincare Routine

Consider incorporating the following practices into your daily skincare regimen:

• Gentle cleansing: Use a mild, pH-balanced cleanser to avoid disrupting the skin’s natural barrier
• Proper moisturizing: Choose non-comedogenic moisturizers to keep skin hydrated without clogging pores
• Sun protection: Use broad-spectrum sunscreen to protect skin from damage that could make it more vulnerable to infections
• Regular exfoliation: Gently remove dead skin cells to prevent buildup, but avoid over-exfoliating
• Makeup hygiene: Clean makeup brushes regularly and avoid sharing cosmetics

By maintaining a consistent and appropriate skincare routine, individuals can strengthen their skin’s natural defenses against fungal infections.

Symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment

Candida is a yeast (a type of fungus) that lives on the skin and can cause an infection. Symptoms of a yeast infection on the face include skin discoloration, skin thickening, and itchiness.

A variety of pathogens live on healthy skin, including bacteria, fungi, and dermatophytes. Typically, these pathogens are not harmful and even provide nutrients for the skin. However, in some situations, they can cause infections.

In this article, we discuss the causes and symptoms of yeast infections on the face and explain the different treatment options.

A yeast infection is an infection of the skin or mucous membranes, such as those inside the mouth or vagina. It occurs due to a fungus from the Candida species.

Candida albicans and other yeasts live on the skin with other pathogens, such as bacteria, dermatophytes, and other fungi, in a well-balanced ecosystem.

When the conditions of the skin change, the usual environment becomes disrupted.

This disruption can allow pathogens, including yeast, to increase in number and cause skin infections.

Yeast infections may occur on the feet or face and in the skin folds. People may also develop yeast infections on the eyelids and the corners of the mouth.

Researchers estimate that yeast skin infections affect about 20–25% of the world’s population.

People with a yeast infection on the face may experience:

• thickening of the skin
• itchiness
• redness

A yeast infection on the face can also occur if a person has developed intertrigo, which can lead to a fungal infection that affects the skin folds of the eyelids.

People with intertrigo on the face may notice:

• mild redness that might worsen over time
• oozing
• crusting
• inflammation, which is typically a sign of infection if it worsens

If a yeast infection follows intertrigo, the person may notice:

• itchiness
• pain
• burning
• thickening of the affected area
• the development of pus filled lesions in the area

Some people may have an acute infection, whereas others, such as those with diabetes or a weakened immune system, may have lingering, chronic yeast infections on the skin.

Infants can also develop a yeast infection called seborrheic dermatitis, which people sometimes refer to as cradle cap. It is a common skin condition that typically affects 10% of children in the first 3 months of their life.

The symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis in infants may include:

• red, scaly patches of skin
• itching
• burning
• small, raised bumps on the skin

Researchers have identified 200 Candida species of yeast, but only some of these can cause yeast infections.

Typically, Candida albicans is responsible for yeast infections on the skin.

The following factors can trigger yeast infections:

• Friction: A yeast infection can occur between folds of skin due to friction.
• Medication: Antibiotics may disrupt the environment of the skin and cause an imbalance of the bacteria and fungi that live on the surface.
• Health conditions: People with a weakened immune system or diabetes may have a higher risk of developing yeast infections on the face.
• Injury to the skin: Injury to the skin and intertrigo can destroy the natural barrier of the skin, which may promote infections.

Factors that may increase the risk of developing yeast infections include:

• excessive sweating, called hyperhidrosis
• poor hygiene
• malnutrition

To treat a yeast infection on the face, people can use antifungal medications.

Topical antifungal products are available in the form of creams, gels, ointments, or sprays that people apply directly to the affected area, such as the face.

People should always be careful when treating facial rashes or skin conditions as the skin on the face is sensitive, particularly around the eyes. Some people may experience reactions to medications or treatments that they apply to the face, even if they do not have a reaction on other parts of their body.

Some infections may require oral or intravenous antifungals.

Examples of antifungals may include:

• econazole (Spectrazole)
• ketoconazole (Nizoral)
• clotrimazole (Canesten)
• terbinafine (Lamisil)
• miconazole (Monistat)
• amphotericin B (Fungizone)
• fluconazole (Diflucan)

If the yeast infection on the face is on a skin fold, such as the eyelid, the person may have developed intertrigo before the infection.

To manage intertrigo, doctors may also recommend minimizing moisture in the area and reducing friction using barrier creams.

However, barrier creams may irritate the area and help the yeast colonize on the skin.

People who want to apply barrier creams to a skin fold should speak to a doctor to make sure that it will not worsen the condition or pose a risk to the eye.

Yeast infections can occur in hot and humid weather. People should ensure that they dry themselves thoroughly after physical activity or sweating.

It is also best to avoid using terbinafine and ciclopirox (Loprox) cream with a cortisone cream because they have stronger anti-inflammatory effects.

People should not use a cortisone cream alone on a fungal infection as the steroid may worsen the infection. If cortisone is necessary, a person should use it alongside an antifungal treatment.

In infants, parents or caregivers can use emollients to treat yeast infections. These will soften and loosen the scales.

Doctors can diagnose a yeast infection on the face by carrying out a physical examination.

Sometimes, doctors will collect samples of the infection to confirm which pathogen caused the infection.

People can often self-diagnose yeast infections because they typically occur in moist or humid areas of the skin, such as the folds.

Applying an over-the-counter topical antifungal, such as clotrimazole, may relieve redness and itchiness, as well as treating the infection. However, before using medication, a person should speak to a doctor.

A person should see a doctor if they notice a rash on their face.

Doctors may want to collect a culture of the skin infection and check the sensitivity to antifungal treatments.

People with chronic infections may consult their doctor to discuss methods of prevention, which include reducing heat and moisture and keeping high risk areas clean and dry.

For most fungal infections, doctors recommend using antifungal treatments for 2–4 weeks. If there is no change, the person should make another doctor’s appointment for further testing.

Some people may experience side effects with antifungal treatments.

Side effects may include:

• rash
• headaches
• dizziness
• fatigue
• irritation
• burning
• itching

If these symptoms appear, people should stop using the medication and speak with a doctor.

Candida albicans is a yeast that causes fungal skin infections on the face.

People may be more likely to develop an infection on their face if they have diabetes, a weakened immune system, an injury, or intertrigo.

Yeast infections may burn, itch, and turn red.

People can treat yeast infections with antifungal creams, but more severe infections may require oral antifungals.

With the correct diagnosis and treatment, a yeast infection on the face may disappear in a few weeks.

Symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment

Candida is a yeast (a type of fungus) that lives on the skin and can cause an infection. Symptoms of a yeast infection on the face include skin discoloration, skin thickening, and itchiness.

A variety of pathogens live on healthy skin, including bacteria, fungi, and dermatophytes. Typically, these pathogens are not harmful and even provide nutrients for the skin. However, in some situations, they can cause infections.

In this article, we discuss the causes and symptoms of yeast infections on the face and explain the different treatment options.

A yeast infection is an infection of the skin or mucous membranes, such as those inside the mouth or vagina. It occurs due to a fungus from the Candida species.

Candida albicans and other yeasts live on the skin with other pathogens, such as bacteria, dermatophytes, and other fungi, in a well-balanced ecosystem.

When the conditions of the skin change, the usual environment becomes disrupted.

This disruption can allow pathogens, including yeast, to increase in number and cause skin infections.

Yeast infections may occur on the feet or face and in the skin folds. People may also develop yeast infections on the eyelids and the corners of the mouth.

Researchers estimate that yeast skin infections affect about 20–25% of the world’s population.

People with a yeast infection on the face may experience:

• thickening of the skin
• itchiness
• redness

A yeast infection on the face can also occur if a person has developed intertrigo, which can lead to a fungal infection that affects the skin folds of the eyelids.

People with intertrigo on the face may notice:

• mild redness that might worsen over time
• oozing
• crusting
• inflammation, which is typically a sign of infection if it worsens

If a yeast infection follows intertrigo, the person may notice:

• itchiness
• pain
• burning
• thickening of the affected area
• the development of pus filled lesions in the area

Some people may have an acute infection, whereas others, such as those with diabetes or a weakened immune system, may have lingering, chronic yeast infections on the skin.

Infants can also develop a yeast infection called seborrheic dermatitis, which people sometimes refer to as cradle cap. It is a common skin condition that typically affects 10% of children in the first 3 months of their life.

The symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis in infants may include:

• red, scaly patches of skin
• itching
• burning
• small, raised bumps on the skin

Researchers have identified 200 Candida species of yeast, but only some of these can cause yeast infections.

Typically, Candida albicans is responsible for yeast infections on the skin.

The following factors can trigger yeast infections:

• Friction: A yeast infection can occur between folds of skin due to friction.
• Medication: Antibiotics may disrupt the environment of the skin and cause an imbalance of the bacteria and fungi that live on the surface.
• Health conditions: People with a weakened immune system or diabetes may have a higher risk of developing yeast infections on the face.
• Injury to the skin: Injury to the skin and intertrigo can destroy the natural barrier of the skin, which may promote infections.

Factors that may increase the risk of developing yeast infections include:

• excessive sweating, called hyperhidrosis
• poor hygiene
• malnutrition

To treat a yeast infection on the face, people can use antifungal medications.

Topical antifungal products are available in the form of creams, gels, ointments, or sprays that people apply directly to the affected area, such as the face.

People should always be careful when treating facial rashes or skin conditions as the skin on the face is sensitive, particularly around the eyes. Some people may experience reactions to medications or treatments that they apply to the face, even if they do not have a reaction on other parts of their body.

Some infections may require oral or intravenous antifungals.

Examples of antifungals may include:

• econazole (Spectrazole)
• ketoconazole (Nizoral)
• clotrimazole (Canesten)
• terbinafine (Lamisil)
• miconazole (Monistat)
• amphotericin B (Fungizone)
• fluconazole (Diflucan)

If the yeast infection on the face is on a skin fold, such as the eyelid, the person may have developed intertrigo before the infection.

To manage intertrigo, doctors may also recommend minimizing moisture in the area and reducing friction using barrier creams.

However, barrier creams may irritate the area and help the yeast colonize on the skin.

People who want to apply barrier creams to a skin fold should speak to a doctor to make sure that it will not worsen the condition or pose a risk to the eye.

Yeast infections can occur in hot and humid weather. People should ensure that they dry themselves thoroughly after physical activity or sweating.

It is also best to avoid using terbinafine and ciclopirox (Loprox) cream with a cortisone cream because they have stronger anti-inflammatory effects.

People should not use a cortisone cream alone on a fungal infection as the steroid may worsen the infection. If cortisone is necessary, a person should use it alongside an antifungal treatment.

In infants, parents or caregivers can use emollients to treat yeast infections. These will soften and loosen the scales.

Doctors can diagnose a yeast infection on the face by carrying out a physical examination.

Sometimes, doctors will collect samples of the infection to confirm which pathogen caused the infection.

People can often self-diagnose yeast infections because they typically occur in moist or humid areas of the skin, such as the folds.

Applying an over-the-counter topical antifungal, such as clotrimazole, may relieve redness and itchiness, as well as treating the infection. However, before using medication, a person should speak to a doctor.

A person should see a doctor if they notice a rash on their face.

Doctors may want to collect a culture of the skin infection and check the sensitivity to antifungal treatments.

People with chronic infections may consult their doctor to discuss methods of prevention, which include reducing heat and moisture and keeping high risk areas clean and dry.

For most fungal infections, doctors recommend using antifungal treatments for 2–4 weeks. If there is no change, the person should make another doctor’s appointment for further testing.

Some people may experience side effects with antifungal treatments.

Side effects may include:

• rash
• headaches
• dizziness
• fatigue
• irritation
• burning
• itching

If these symptoms appear, people should stop using the medication and speak with a doctor.

Candida albicans is a yeast that causes fungal skin infections on the face.

People may be more likely to develop an infection on their face if they have diabetes, a weakened immune system, an injury, or intertrigo.

Yeast infections may burn, itch, and turn red.

People can treat yeast infections with antifungal creams, but more severe infections may require oral antifungals.

With the correct diagnosis and treatment, a yeast infection on the face may disappear in a few weeks.

Fungal infections of the eyes

Ophthalmomycosis | Keratomycosis

Fungal infections of the eyes

Fungal infections of the organ of vision have been known for over 100 years. For a long time, this pathology was considered very rare, the types of fungi dangerous to the eyes were counted in units, publications about the diseases they cause were mostly casuistic.

However, since the 1950s, reports of such diseases have become more frequent. Quite often, a significant number of observations are given, previously unknown ones are described.0009 fungal infections of the eyes and representatives of the fungal flora that cause them new to ophthalmologists.

The clinic, diagnosis and prevention of fungal infections of the eyes are being specified, more effective methods of treating ophthalmomycosis are offered.

Currently, up to 50 species of fungi are considered pathogenic for the organ of vision. The most important of them are yeast-like, moldy mycetes, dermatophytes, etc.

In the majority of patients with ophthalmomycoses, fungi penetrate into the tissues of the eye from the environment or are introduced from mycotic foci on the skin and mucous membranes of other parts of the body, less often they come from such and deeper sources by the hematogenous route.

Exogenous infection with fungi usually causes mycoses of the appendages and anterior part of the eyeball. Endogenous drift often causes severe intraocular processes.

Of great importance in the inoculation of a fungal infection in the tissue of the eyelids, conjunctiva and eyeball are damage to the latter, often small abrasions and erosion, superficial foreign bodies of the conjunctiva and cornea, especially derivatives of the plant world.

For example, out of 33 observed by F. M. Polack et al. (1971) patients with keratomycosis only 4 had no history of eye damage. Fungi penetrate inside the eye with perforated wounds. More often than others, ophthalmomycosis affects rural residents, workers in elevators, granaries, mills, cotton gins, weaving mills, feed mills, livestock breeders, etc.

Fungal diseases occur more easily and proceed worse, especially in early childhood, when the body is weakened due to general infections, malnutrition, and metabolic disorders. For such patients, even the most harmless fungi, human saprophytes, become pathogenic.

Unlike infectious eye diseases of bacterial and viral origin, drug therapy is ineffective in fungal diseases. All authors unanimously recognize the wide, not always rational, local and general use of antibiotics and corticosteroids for the treatment of various human diseases as one of the important reasons for the growth of fungal eye diseases in recent decades.

The validity of this opinion is confirmed by clinical observations and experimental studies. So, H. V. Nema et al. (1968) after a month’s treatment of the conjunctiva, a previously absent fungal flora was found in the conjunctival sac in 41.2% of patients treated with hydrocortisone and in 28.7% of patients treated with tetracycline. Similar data are given by L. Nollimson et al. (1972) for betamethasone and neomycin. According to I. I. Merkulov, antibiotics violate the antagonistic relationship between bacteria and fungi in favor of the latter, and corticosteroids reduce the protective ability of tissues. In addition, some fungi, notably Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger, grow better and become more pathogenic in the presence of corticosteroids. The growth of fungi, especially Candida albicans, is also promoted by B vitamins.

The noted features of a fungal infection are characteristic not only of eye processes; they appear in many other localizations of mycoses. Nevertheless, it is important for ophthalmologists that the organ of vision is no exception to the general patterns of human fungal infections. If a patient seeking eye care developed an inflammatory disease of the eye against the background of mycosis of other parts of the body, the disease was preceded by even a minor injury, according to the conditions of life and work, the patient could become infected with a fungal infection, and an attempt to treat with antibiotics, sulfonamides, corticosteroids was unsuccessful, then there is every reason suspect ophthalmomycosis .

In cases where the clinical picture of eye disease has signs characteristic of a fungal infection, the above factors are additional data. However, to establish an accurate diagnosis of ophthalmic mycosis , it is necessary to isolate the culture of the fungus, determine its type, confirm that it was this pathogen that caused the eye disease in this patient, and clarify the sensitivity of the isolated culture to antimycotic agents. Quick and unambiguous answers to the questions posed can not always be obtained.

In wide practice, the etiology of an eye disease is often assessed as mycological only on the basis of anamnestic data, the clinical picture of the eye process, the detection of extraocular foci of mycosis, and trial treatment with antimycotic agents. Naturally, with this approach, part of ophthalmomycosis , especially when layered on viral and bacterial eye diseases, remains unrecognized. It is advisable to resort to laboratory mycological studies in case of suspicion of ophthalmomycosis as often as possible.

Despite the variety of pathogens and manifestations of fungal infections of the eye, their clinic is characterized by some common qualities.

Thus, the incubation period from the time of the introduction of a fungal infection to the appearance of the first signs of eye disease ranges from 10 hours to 3 weeks. Symptoms tend to develop slowly, and the process is often chronic without a tendency to spontaneous remission.

There are always external manifestations of inflammation expressed in varying degrees:

• hyperemia,
• purulent discharge,
• tissue infiltration and ulceration,
• Delayed defect repair.

A number of fungal invasions of the eye are inherent

• granuloma-like nodules in the skin of the eyelids, conjunctiva, orbit, vascular tract,
• their suppuration with the occurrence of fistulas, skin bridges,
• the presence of grains from the mycelium of the fungus in the discharge,
• formation of calculi in lacrimal ducts and conjunctival glands,
• crumbly character of infiltrates,
• their yellowish or greyish-yellow color, etc.

At the same time, most fungal infections of the eye are characterized by individual differences, depending on the type of fungi, localization and prevalence of the lesion, the condition of the tissues preceding mycosis, general health, body reactivity, even hereditary predisposition to fungal diseases. The first group of signs facilitates the general diagnosis of mycosis of the eye, the second helps to suspect a certain type of fungus, which is important when choosing methods and means of treatment.

Histologically, in preparations and sections of eye tissues affected by fungi, violations of the integrity of the epithelium and perforation of its cells, nonspecific granulomas of leukocytes, lymphocytes, histiocytes, epithelioid and other cells, pskrobio.ch and dystrophic changes around such granulomas are determined.

With the help of special stains (methods of Gridl, Gomori, etc.) in such preparations, as well as in scrapings from conjunctival and cornea ulcers, mycelium and spores of the pathogen are often detected. Some types of fungi, such as Candida albicans, cause only leukocyte and eosinophilic infiltration of the membranes and suppuration of the internal ones; environment of the eyeball.

Fungal pathology of the eye and its auxiliary apparatus is caused not only by the direct introduction of pathogens into their tissues.

It often develops as an allergic reaction to fungal allergens coming from mycotic foci distant from the eye. With persistent eye processes that have not been cured for years, such foci are found under the crowns and bridges of the teeth in the oral cavity, in the interdigital folds of the legs, and in the vagina. Sometimes the cause of allergies was onychomycosis. A pronounced reaction to trichophytosis (skin test) and a quick recovery of the eyes after the elimination of extraocular foci are strong evidence of the allergic nature of this pathology.

Treatment of fungal diseases of the organ of vision

The treatment of human fungal diseases in general is currently carried out primarily with special antimycotic agents, the arsenal of which is significant, and the effectiveness is quite high.

Timely started and carried out purposefully selected in accordance with the clinical data and characteristics of isolated cultures of pathogens therapy is the most successful. More often than other means of such therapy in general mycology, antifungal antibiotics are resorted to: nystatin, which is active against yeast-like and mold fungi, amphotericin B and amphoglucocamine, which affects the pathogens of coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, blastomycosis, mold and other fungi, levorin, which affects fungi of the genus Candida, griseofulvin, effective for epidermophytosis, trichophytosis, microsporia. Of the other fungicides acting on fungi, they are used, mainly in dermatology, decamin and decamethoxin, useful for candidomycosis, nitrofurilen, nitrofran, esulan, amikazol, Zinkundan ointments. “Undecin” and a number of other drugs.

When prescribing general treatment with fupgicides, one should be strictly guided by the said manual, since many of these drugs, especially amphotericin B, griseofulvin, and others, are characterized by increased toxicity. There are many contraindications to their appointment, they require compliance with a number of conditions for their use. Ophthalmic forms of fupgistatics for topical use are: eye drops (0.25%, 0.5% and 1%) and eye ointment (0.5%) amphotericia B, eye drops (1% and 2.5%) and eye ointment (2.5%) levorin, eye drops (1%), solution for injection under the conjunctiva (1-2.5%)) and eye ointment (5%) nystatin. Prescription solution for injection under the conjunctiva of amphotericin B (0.015 g in 0.2 ml of water), eye drops of grisemin (0.5%) and dekamin (0.1%) are given in the reference book on ophthalmology, published in 1967 g. Using the recipes given in these reference books, ophthalmologists have the opportunity to supplement the general treatment of ophthalmomycosis with the local appointment of the most effective antifungal agents, sometimes limiting themselves to local treatment, and also use these agents to sanitize the conjunctival cavity from fungal flora. Successfully tested in ophthalmology electrophoresis of antifungal drugs.

In the treatment of certain types of fungal infection of the organ of vision, iodine preparations, aniline dyes, and disinfectants that have been used for a long time have not lost their value. Quite often, good results are obtained by surgical interventions from simple curettage of foci and opening of abscesses to keratoplasty and vitreectomy.

Weather, fungus and 8 more reasons why eyes burn

• Health

If your eyes feel uncomfortable after prolonged exposure to the sun or working at the computer, burning occurs – this is unpleasant, but most often not dangerous. But sometimes burning eyelids can be a sign of a serious problem.

August 6, 2022

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Our eyes give us up to 90% of information about the world around us. Therefore, it is important that the vision is sharp, and you do not experience any discomfort during visual stress. But there are situations when the eyes are irritated, itching or burning, a feeling of sand in the eyes. Often this is also accompanied by reddening of the proteins, we rub our eyes, often only worsening the situation and increasing irritation.

But when is the burning sensation unpleasant, but not dangerous, and when is it urgent to see a doctor? Vladimir Ageev, an ophthalmologist, candidate of medical sciences, answered these questions for Doctor Peter.

There are many reasons, but not all are dangerous

Burning and itching in the eyes can be caused by various reasons – both external factors and health problems. In the first case, it is not difficult to solve the problem: it is enough to eliminate the “irritant”, give your eyes a rest, apply something cold to them or drip drops. However, if the symptom occurs regularly and causes severe discomfort, then you should consult an ophthalmologist (oculist). We will single out two groups of causes of burning – those that are not related to vision and the second group – problems that are directly related to it.

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Factors not related to vision

In these cases, there are no problems with the eyes themselves, but negative external influences can provoke burning and redness, discomfort.

Bad ecology

Very often, burning in the eyes is associated with the negative impact of the environment. Exhaust fumes, smog, smoke from factory chimneys, dust on the streets – all these factors can irritate the eye membrane, cause itching and a “sandy feeling” in the eyes.

Abuse of gadgets and long work at the computer

The problem of “burning” eyes and eyelids is often faced by representatives of professions related to working at a computer. This symptom accompanies eye strain, which occurs due to too much sitting in front of the monitor and the abuse of various gadgets. The best prevention in this case will be a simple observance of visual hygiene – small but regular breaks, gymnastics for the eyes, a properly equipped workplace, etc.

Sunburn

Contrary to popular misconception, our eyes can get sunburnt. However, like any other part of the skin. To protect from the sun’s rays, before going out, do not forget to apply eye protection to the area around the eyes. If it was not possible to prevent a burn, use ointments or creams with panthenol or aloe extract. They will relieve burning sensation, cool and moisturize damaged skin.

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Heat

The combination of high temperatures and dry air adversely affect the tear film, which is responsible for protecting and moisturizing the cornea of ​​the eye. Due to the heat, it dries out too quickly and does not have time to recover in time.

Reaction to aggressive substances

Burning eyes is a common reaction to contact with aggressive substances. First of all, chemical origin. These can be components of cosmetics, chlorinated water in pools, household chemicals. Itching can also be caused by organic compounds found in certain foods. For example, onions and chii peppers give this effect.

Allergic reactions

Burning eyes are considered a common side effect of allergies. In this case, pollen, animal hair, mold and fungal spores can act as allergens.

Related to vision

In addition to external factors, there are a number of causes of burning that are directly related to the organ of vision and are caused by various ophthalmological diseases.

Conjunctivitis – inflammation of the mucous membrane

Itching and burning are typical symptoms of conjunctivitis – inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eye. This disease is usually either associated with allergies, or manifests itself against a bacterial or viral infection.

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Blepharitis – inflammation of the eyelids

Blepharitis is a whole complex of eye diseases characterized by inflammation of the eyelids. In most cases, the disease is chronic. In addition to burning in the eyes and eyelids, its symptoms include redness and swelling along the contour of the eyelids, increased tearing and eye fatigue, loss and gluing of eyelashes.

Keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea

Keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea of ​​the eye.