What are the common types of hand infections. How are hand infections treated. What causes hand infections. When should you seek medical attention for a hand infection. How can hand infections be prevented. What are the potential complications of untreated hand infections. How do doctors diagnose hand infections.

Understanding Hand Infections: An Overview

Hand infections are a prevalent medical concern affecting individuals of all ages. These infections can manifest in various forms and stem from multiple causes, necessitating diverse treatment approaches. It’s crucial to recognize that even with prompt and appropriate treatment, hand infections can lead to long-term complications.

Bite Wound Infections: A Common Culprit

Bite wounds are a frequent source of hand infections. These injuries can introduce bacteria from both the victim’s skin and the attacker’s mouth, whether human or animal. The treatment for bite wound infections typically involves:

• Thorough cleansing and soaking of the wound
• Surgical drainage in some cases
• Antibiotics (oral or intravenous)
• Consideration of rabies treatment for animal bites

Are smaller bite wounds less dangerous? Contrary to what one might expect, smaller puncture wounds, such as those from cat bites, often carry a higher risk of infection. This is because the surface area that can be cleaned is limited, allowing bacteria to penetrate deeper into the tissue.

The “Fight Bite” Phenomenon

A particular type of bite wound infection, known as a “fight bite,” occurs when someone punches another person in the mouth, causing a tooth to penetrate the skin over the knuckle. These injuries are especially problematic as they can trap bacteria or foreign material in the finger joint, potentially leading to severe complications.

Why is immediate treatment crucial for fight bites? Prompt medical attention is essential because it allows for:

1. Urgent surgical exploration
2. Effective wound cleaning
3. Assessment of joint penetration
4. Prophylactic treatment to protect cartilage

Cellulitis: When Skin Infection Spreads

Cellulitis is a skin infection characterized by redness, warmth, and pain. This condition typically develops around breaks or cuts in the skin and can spread rapidly throughout the limb or into the bloodstream if left untreated.

How does a doctor differentiate between cellulitis and deeper infections? While skin redness is a common symptom of many infections, it’s crucial for medical professionals to determine if the infection is limited to the skin (cellulitis) or if it’s indicative of a deeper problem. Deeper infections may include:

• Fasciitis
• Tenosynovitis
• Myositis
• Osteomyelitis (bone infection)
• Septic joint
• Abscess

Deep Space Infections: The Hidden Danger

The hand is composed of various “compartments” or “deep spaces,” any of which can become infected even from a small puncture wound. These infections can manifest as abscesses in different areas of the hand, including:

• The thenar space (base of the thumb)
• The deep palmar space
• Web spaces between fingers

What makes deep space infections particularly concerning? These infections have the potential to spread to other areas, including the wrist and forearm, making prompt evaluation and treatment essential. Diagnosis may involve physical examination, imaging, and tests to pinpoint the infection’s location.

Felon: The Painful Fingertip Infection

A felon is a painful, throbbing infection of the fingertip pulp. This condition is characterized by the formation of pus-filled compartments within the closed space of the fingertip.

What activities can lead to a felon? Common causes include:

• Gardening
• Nail cutting
• Activities involving sharp objects near the fingertip
• Frequent finger pricks (common in diabetics for blood sugar testing)

Treatment Approaches for Hand Infections

The treatment of hand infections varies depending on the type and severity of the infection. However, some common approaches include:

1. Antibiotics (oral or intravenous)
2. Surgical drainage
3. Wound care (including soaking, cleaning, and dressing)
4. Immobilization of the affected area
5. Pain management

How do doctors determine the appropriate treatment? The choice of treatment depends on several factors, including the type of infection, its location, severity, and the patient’s overall health. In some cases, a combination of treatments may be necessary for optimal recovery.

Prevention and Early Detection of Hand Infections

While not all hand infections can be prevented, there are steps individuals can take to reduce their risk:

• Practice good hand hygiene
• Protect hands from injury during activities
• Promptly clean and treat any cuts or wounds
• Seek medical attention for animal or human bites
• Manage underlying conditions like diabetes effectively

What are the early signs of a hand infection? Being aware of the following symptoms can help in early detection:

• Redness and swelling
• Increased warmth in the affected area
• Pain or tenderness
• Difficulty moving the hand or fingers
• Pus or drainage from a wound
• Fever or general feeling of illness

Long-Term Complications and Follow-Up Care

Even with proper treatment, hand infections can sometimes lead to long-term complications. These may include:

• Stiffness or reduced range of motion in the affected fingers or hand
• Chronic pain
• Scarring
• Damage to tendons, nerves, or blood vessels
• In severe cases, loss of function or amputation

How can patients minimize the risk of long-term complications? Following the prescribed treatment plan, attending follow-up appointments, and engaging in recommended rehabilitation exercises are crucial steps in promoting optimal recovery and minimizing long-term effects.

The Importance of Rehabilitation

For many patients recovering from hand infections, rehabilitation plays a vital role in restoring function and preventing complications. This may involve:

1. Physical therapy to improve range of motion and strength
2. Occupational therapy to regain fine motor skills
3. Custom splinting or bracing
4. Scar management techniques
5. Pain management strategies

Special Considerations for High-Risk Groups

Certain populations may be at higher risk for developing hand infections or experiencing more severe outcomes. These groups include:

• Diabetics
• Individuals with compromised immune systems
• Those with peripheral neuropathy
• People working in high-risk occupations (e.g., healthcare workers, veterinarians)
• Intravenous drug users

How should high-risk individuals protect themselves? For those in high-risk groups, extra precautions may be necessary:

• More frequent hand checks for signs of injury or infection
• Use of protective equipment when appropriate
• Prompt medical attention for even minor hand injuries
• Careful management of underlying conditions
• Regular check-ups with healthcare providers

Advances in Hand Infection Treatment

Medical science continues to evolve, bringing new approaches to the treatment of hand infections. Some recent advancements include:

1. Improved antimicrobial therapies
2. Advanced imaging techniques for more accurate diagnosis
3. Minimally invasive surgical procedures
4. Innovative wound healing technologies
5. Enhanced rehabilitation protocols

How are these advancements impacting patient outcomes? These developments are contributing to more effective treatments, faster recovery times, and reduced risk of long-term complications for many patients with hand infections.

The Role of Telemedicine in Hand Infection Care

Telemedicine has emerged as a valuable tool in the management of hand infections, particularly for:

• Initial assessment and triage
• Follow-up care and monitoring
• Patient education and guidance
• Rehabilitation support

While telemedicine cannot replace in-person care for severe infections or those requiring immediate intervention, it can play a crucial role in early detection, ongoing management, and prevention of complications.

The Psychological Impact of Hand Infections

The effects of hand infections extend beyond physical symptoms, often impacting patients’ mental and emotional well-being. Common psychological challenges may include:

• Anxiety about potential long-term effects
• Depression related to temporary or permanent loss of function
• Frustration with the recovery process
• Body image concerns due to scarring or deformity
• Fear of recurrence or reinfection

How can healthcare providers address the psychological aspects of hand infections? A holistic approach to care that includes:

1. Psychological support or counseling when needed
2. Clear communication about prognosis and treatment expectations
3. Patient education to empower individuals in their recovery
4. Support groups or peer connections for shared experiences
5. Techniques for managing stress and anxiety during recovery

The Economic Burden of Hand Infections

Hand infections can have significant economic implications, both for individuals and healthcare systems. These costs may include:

• Direct medical expenses for treatment and follow-up care
• Lost wages due to time off work
• Costs associated with rehabilitation and therapy
• Potential long-term disability expenses
• Impact on productivity and career advancement

How can the economic impact of hand infections be mitigated? Strategies may include:

1. Early intervention to prevent more costly complications
2. Efficient treatment protocols to minimize hospital stays
3. Comprehensive insurance coverage for hand infection treatment
4. Workplace policies that support early treatment and return-to-work programs
5. Public health initiatives focused on prevention and education

The Role of Interdisciplinary Care in Hand Infection Management

Effective treatment of hand infections often requires a collaborative approach involving various medical specialties. An interdisciplinary team may include:

• Hand surgeons
• Infectious disease specialists
• Radiologists
• Physical and occupational therapists
• Wound care specialists
• Pain management experts
• Psychologists or psychiatrists

Why is an interdisciplinary approach beneficial in managing hand infections? This collaborative model allows for:

1. Comprehensive assessment of the infection and its impacts
2. Tailored treatment plans addressing all aspects of patient care
3. Coordinated interventions for optimal outcomes
4. Efficient communication between healthcare providers
5. Holistic patient care addressing both physical and psychological needs

The Future of Hand Infection Care

As medical science advances, the future of hand infection treatment looks promising. Emerging areas of research and development include:

• Personalized medicine approaches based on genetic factors
• Advanced biomaterials for wound healing and tissue regeneration
• Artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis and treatment planning
• Novel antimicrobial therapies to combat antibiotic resistance
• Regenerative medicine techniques for tissue repair and reconstruction

These advancements hold the potential to further improve outcomes, reduce recovery times, and minimize long-term complications for patients with hand infections.

Global Perspectives on Hand Infection Management

Hand infections present a global health challenge, with varying approaches to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment across different regions and healthcare systems. Factors influencing these differences include:

• Availability of medical resources and expertise
• Cultural practices and beliefs
• Environmental factors affecting infection risk
• Prevalence of specific pathogens in different geographic areas
• Local healthcare policies and infrastructure

How can global collaboration improve hand infection care worldwide? International efforts may focus on:

1. Sharing best practices and treatment protocols
2. Conducting multicenter research studies
3. Developing global guidelines for hand infection management
4. Training programs to build expertise in underserved areas
5. Initiatives to improve access to essential treatments and technologies

By fostering global cooperation and knowledge exchange, the medical community can work towards more equitable and effective hand infection care on a worldwide scale.

Hand Infection: Types and Treatment

Hand infections are common. They can affect patients of all ages. There are multiple types and causes of infections. Therefore, the treatment of these infections varies. It is important to recognize that long-term complications from hand infections can occur. The unfortunate ongoing problems may occur even with proper and rapid treatment.

Below are some specific types and causes of infections in the hand and fingers:

Bite Wound Infection
In a bite, bacteria from the patient’s own skin can be driven deep by the tooth puncture. Other bacteria that cause infection come directly from the mouth/teeth of the “biter.” Both human and animal bites are common. Thorough washing, soaking, and often surgical drainage of the bite wound is needed to clear the infection. The smaller the puncture wound (cat bite), the higher the infection risk as only the surface of the skin can be cleansed. Small wounds often need to be each squeezed to express fluid or enlarged to better clean them. A larger open wound is often easier to wash out and, depending on location, degree of contamination, and what deep tissues are exposed, the wound may be closed with stitches or left open. Other wound treatments may include gauze packing into the wound. If the wound is left open, sometimes it can be closed later, or the wound is left to heal on its own. This called healing by secondary intention. Antibiotics are also commonly used during treatment. Sometimes pills are used, and sometimes IV antibiotics are needed for more severe infections and ones that involve bone or joints.

When someone punches another person in the mouth, a “fight bite” may occur. This is when the tooth of the other person penetrates the skin of the puncher over the knuckle. “Fight bites” to the hand and can cause particular problems when bacteria or foreign material (such as teeth) can become trapped in the knuckle (finger joints). These joint injuries often require urgent surgical exploration to enlarge the wound to effectively wash it out and determine if the tooth penetrated into the joint. Cartilage cannot heal once injured. Immediate treatment and starting antibiotics often protects the cartilage even if an infection may not yet be present. This is called prophylactic treatment. This means the surgery is being performed to try to prevent an infection from developing or becoming severe if it is mild. Thus, how quickly you seek treatment is important. If you wait several days after the injury to seek treamtnet, the infection is often established and severe, compared to seeking medical care within the first few hours.

After animal bite wounds, rabies must also be considered. Treatment and evaluation should be initiated as soon as possible. It often requires rabies immunoglobulin being injected both into the wound area and a remote muscle. Several injection treatments are needed. This is particularly important with wild animal bites or dogs with unknown vaccination status.

Cellulitis
Cellulitis is a skin infection that can cause skin redness, warmth, and pain. Patients with cellulitis may have a fever, chills, or feel sick. Cellulitis usually happens around a break or cut in the skin. The infection can spread rapidly throughout the limb or into the bloodstream, and therefore prompt treatment is important. The treatment for this type of infection includes antibiotics and possible surgical drainage if there is abscess below the skin. Because the skin is easily visible, many infections will result in skin redness. It is important for your doctor to determine if the infection is restricted to the skin (cellulitis), or if there a deeper infection with the skin being “the tip of the iceberg.” Deep infections include fasciitis, tenosynovitis, myositis, osteomyelitis (bone), septic joint, or an abscess.

Deep Space Infections
The hand is divided into many separate “compartments” or “deep spaces.” One or more of these can become infected even from a small puncture wound. An abscess can form in the muscle area at the base of the thumb (thenar space), the palm (deep palmar space), or the web spaces between the fingers. These infections can spread to other areas, even to the wrist and forearm. Urgent evaluation will include an exam by a physician and sometimes imaging and tests to determine the location of infection. Treatment will involve a combination of antibiotics, surgical drainage, and wound care.

Felon
A painful, throbbing infection of the pulp of the fingertip is called a “felon” (see Figure 1). This closed space is separated into many small compartments, each of which fills with infection and pus. A felon can occur after gardening, nail cutting, or other activities that involve sharp objects near the fingertip. Diabetics are often at high risk due to multiple finger sticks to check their blood sugar. Some felons will heal with soaks and oral antibiotics, but others may also need to be drained. If not treated early, destruction of the soft tissues and even bone can occur, leading to complications such as poor wound healing, stiffness, and pain.

Paronychia
A paronychia is an infection of the special nail fold skin, which is the area around the fingernail (see Figure 2). Paronychia can occur at various times to cause an infection. In acute paronychia, bacteria causes the skin around the nail to be red, swollen, and tender. If the infection is treated early enough, soaks and oral antibiotics may cure the infection. If pus has formed under the skin, surgical drainage is needed to drain the pus. Sometimes part or all of the nail requires removal. Chronic paronychia can be caused by fungus, and this usually occurs in people whose hands are frequently wet (such as dishwashers) or whose immune systems are not working well. The cuticle area becomes mildly red and swollen, without drainage and only mild tenderness. This may be treated with special medication and trying to keep the area dry. Constant exposure to moisture can promote the fungal infection. Topical medications such as gentian blue can be used. Surgery sometimes is needed to remove infected tissue.

Herpetic Whitlow
Herpetic whitlow is a viral infection of the hand, usually on the fingers, caused by a herpes virus. This is more commonly seen in healthcare workers whose hands are exposed to the saliva of patients carrying herpes. The condition, characterized by small, swollen, painful, blood-tinged blisters, usually heals in several weeks without many long-term effects. Sometimes treatment includes the use of an antiviral medication.

MRSA
MRSA, or Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, is a type of bacteria that is resistant to certain antibiotics. In the past, MRSA was seen in those in a hospital setting and was less common. Over time, this type of infection has become more common in hospitals and in the community. Skin infections usually look like boils or collections of pus. Treatment with antibiotics and the need for surgery typically depends on the location and severity of this infection. It is important that skin MRSA is treated right away to prevent it from causing more serious infections and spreading to others. If this bacteria is identified, it is important to avoid touching other people. Healthcare workers should wear a gown and gloves to prevent transmission to themselves or others.

Necrotizing Fasciitis, or “Flesh-Eating Bacteria”
Necrotizing fasciitis is a very rare but severe infection. The fascia is a deep connective tissue that covers muscle and is below the fat layer. Because it is a deep infection below the skin level, it can spread rapidly without much skin redness until very late. It often results in severe pain and swelling out of proportion to the skin appearance. There may be some skin blisters. Patients are often very ill. Streptococcus pyogenes or other “flesh-eating bacteria” enter the body through a cut. These bacteria produce toxins that destroy skin, muscles, and other soft tissue and result in low blood pressure, high heart rate, and problems with bleeding, the liver, and kidneys. Necrotizing fasciitis is a true emergency — it can be life threatening — and very powerful. Often, multiple IV antibiotics are given as soon as possible. Urgent surgery is usually needed to remove dead tissue and fascia to stop the spread of the infection, similar to cutting down live trees ahead of a spreading fire to stop the fire spread. These infections have a high chance of amputation and death. Although they are rare, it is very important to recognize quickly for the best outcome. Certain factors may increase the chance of developing this infection, including diabetes, IV drug abuse, or patients with a poor immune system.

Mycobacterial Infections
Less common infections may be caused by mycobacterium, a specific category of infectious organism. These organisms are very slow growing and hard to identify in the laboratory. One of these types, Mycobacterium marinum infection, can develop after a puncture wound from fish spines or contamination of a simple wound from contaminated water (water from nature or from aquariums). These atypical infections develop gradually and may be associated with swelling and stiffness without much pain or redness. Surgical removal of infected tissue may be necessary and is helpful to determine which medicine will help treat the infection. It may take 6 weeks to identify the origin in laboratory culture. Often the medical treatment lasts several months. Patients whose immune systems are not working well (for example, those undergoing chemotherapy or who have HIV) are more susceptible to atypical mycobacterial infections.

Septic Arthritis/Osteomyelitis
A wound in or near a joint can cause septic arthritis, which is a severe infection inside the joint. Wounds of various types and sizes, including puncture wounds, can cause this type of infection. This type and location for infection can cause a problem quickly. Therefore, urgent surgical drainage and antibiotics are needed. If this treatment is delayed, infection of the bone (osteomyelitis) or rapid destruction of the cartilage can occur. Septic arthritis with or without osteomyelitis can require one or more surgeries and long-term treatment with antibiotics. Because cartilage cannot heal, once it is damaged by the bacteria and the white blood cells release toxic chemical to fight the infection, it may leave the person with a painful, swollen, stiff joint even after the infection is cured. If this happens in a young active person there may be few treatment options. Some small, chronically painful joints may be surgically fused to obtain pain relief.

Tendon Sheath Infection (“Infectious Flexor Tenosynovitis”)
Tendons that bend the fingers run from wrist through the palm and to the fingertips. At the base of the finger the flexor tendons enter a pulley system or sheath. If a small cut or puncture wound occurs in a finger, especially near a joint on the palm side, the canal that the flexor tendon runs through can get infected. Prompt treatment is recommended, as this infection can cause severe stiffness or even destroy and injure the tendon. The tendon may rupture or become adherent to the bone or sheath, limiting or eliminating its movement. A finger with a tendon sheath infection is swollen, red, and tender over the palm side of the finger, the finger often is slightly bent to relieve pressure and pain, and it is very painful to straighten (see Figure 3). This infection usually requires that the patient be admitted to the hospital for IV antibiotics, and surgical drainage is often a part of the treatment.

Treatment for Finger and Nail Infections | Urgent Care

Our fingers and finger nails are involved in almost every aspect of daily life. They are therefore, very susceptible to injury and infection.

Healthy fingernails will have a pinkish color with the occasional flecks of white and “half moon” of white appearing at the nail bed. Bumps and ridges are normal, however severe alterations of the nail’s surface can indicate an underlying infection or fungus.

Cuticles are a common source of infection, especially resulting from picking, biting or the use if unsanitary manicure tools. If you spot a reddened or swollen area with red streaks radiating from the cuticle, this can indicate an infection that requires medical attention right away.

Pain or a tingling sensation in the fingers can mean several things: cramps from overuse, flexor tendon injury, ganglion cyst compression on a nerve in the hand, arthritis, diabetes or any number of immune disorders.

Symptoms

• Redness or swelling around the cuticle might signal infection
• Joint pain, stiffness or tingling in the fingers or joints can point to nerve compression, arthritis or an overuse syndrome
• Limited range of motion accompanied by swelling, bruising and stiffness in the presence of an injury could indicate a broken bone
• Deep ridges or loss of the fingernail may be due to fungus or infection

Who is at risk?

Symptoms related to overuse of a joint can happen at any age to persons engaged in repetitive motion activities. Cuticle damage is especially notable in children who bite and pick at their fingers; this could result in a limb-threatening infection if redness and swelling does not receive proper medical attention. Anyone can sustain an injury to the fingers or nails requiring a visit to your physician for x-rays and splinting.

Treatment

A physician will stabilize a fracture by taping or splinting the finger. Surgery is a last resort that would most likely be required if the breakage is accompanied by nerve or tendon damage or if the bone fragments are seriously out of alignment. A finder or nail infection might require incision and debridement of an abscess followed by antibiotics. Let a doctor help you make that decision before the infection spreads or escalates into something worse. Tingling sensations may be evaluated through evaluating your vital signs and possibly ordering bloodwork to check you for anemia and Vitamin B deficiency. Tingling or pain without injury is sometimes related to pressure on a nerve which can also be evaluated and treated by a medical professional.

Emergency Warning Signs: When should I see a doctor?

Severe range of motion limitations and infection are the chief warning signs that immediate medical treatment is necessary. If you are unable to move the finger unassisted or if red streaks radiate from a swollen area, seek a doctor’s advice.

Treatment for Finger/Nail Injuries or Infection is available now at Pulse-MD Urgent Care in Wappingers Falls, Mahopac, Mohegan Lake, Thornwood, and Poughkeepsie, NY.

For more information on Finger/Nail Injuries or Infections, see the following websites:

Healthy Fingernails: Clues About Your Health by WebMD

eMedicineHealth Assessment of Finger Injuries

Tips to Prevent Nail Fungus

Disclaimer: The links above are to sites independent of pulsemdurgentcare.com. The pages will open in a new browser window. The information provided is for educational purposes only, and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. If you have or suspect you may have a health problem, you should consult your doctor. Always follow your doctor’s recommendations regarding your specific medical questions, treatments, therapies, and other needs.

Nails – fingernail and toenail problems

Nails support and protect the sensitive tips of our fingers and toes. Fingernails also help us to pick up objects, scratch an itch or untie a knot. Fingernails grow about three times faster than toenails.

Nail problems affect people of all ages. Diet is generally not responsible for abnormal nail changes, unless the person is suffering from severe malnutrition. Some nail conditions need professional treatment from either a doctor or a dermatologist, while others respond to simple self-help techniques and minor lifestyle changes. When in doubt, seek medical advice.

Toenail problems can affect people of all ages, but tend to be more common in older people. Common causes of fingernail problems include injury, infection and skin diseases such as eczema and psoriasis. Causes of toenail problems include trauma, ill-fitting shoes, poor circulation, poor nerve supply and infection. Problems with toenails can be successfully treated by a podiatrist.

Structure of the nail

Nails are made from a protein called keratin. This is the same protein that makes up skin and hair. Nails grow from cells that multiply within the base of the nail, then layer on top of each other and harden. This is called keratinisation.

The strength, thickness and growth rate of nails are characteristics that we inherit from our parents. The structures of the nail include:

• Nail matrix – where nail growth occurs, tucked under the skin behind the nail
• Nail plate – the visible part of the nail
• Nail bed – the nail plate sits on top of the nail bed. The nail plate looks pink because of the blood-rich capillaries in the nail bed
• Lunula – the crescent-moon shape that you can sometimes see at the base of the nail plate
• Nail folds – the slender skin grooves that hold the nail plate in place
• Cuticle – the flap of thin tissue over the base of the nail plate.

Nail conditions

There are a number of conditions that can affect our nails, with different causes and treatments.

Nail discolouration

The healthy nail plate is pink, and the nail looks white as it grows off the nail bed. Causes of discoloured nails typically include:

• Nail polish
• Nicotine from cigarette smoking
• Hair-colouring agents
• Certain infections
• Injury to the nail bed
• Some medications, including antibiotics, anti-malarial medications, and some medications used in chemotherapy
• Melanoma.

Lifted nail plate

If the nail plate lifts off the nail bed, it will appear white. Common causes include:

• Overzealous cleaning under the fingernails
• Nail polishes that contain hardening chemicals such as formalin
• Rough removal of artificial nails
• Psoriasis
• Tinea (a fungal infection).

Thickened nails

This condition affects the toenails more than the fingernails. Older people are at greater risk. Causes include:

• Fungal infection
• Neglect
• Injury
• Poor circulation
• Arthritis in the toes
• Altered gait (walking) pattern
• Ill-fitting shoes
• Psoriasis.

Ridged nails

Ridges running either the length or width of the nail plate can have a number of causes, including:

• Age-related changes
• Trauma to the nail matrix
• Overzealous attention to the cuticles
• Fever or illness
• Eczema
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Peripheral vascular disease
• Lichen planus infection.

Splitting nails

In this condition, the nail plate splits or layers as it grows off the nail bed. Common causes include:

• Having constantly wet hands, especially while using soap and washing detergents
• Frequently using and removing nail polish
• Continuous mild trauma such as habitual finger-tapping or using the nails as tools (to pick between the teeth, for example).

Deformed or brittle nails

A violent toe-stubbing, dropping a heavy object on the toe or some other trauma can injure the nail bed and cause the nail to grow in a deformed way. The nail may be thickened or ridged. It is a normal ageing process for nails to thicken.

Deformed or brittle toenails can benefit from regular professional attention. Trimming, shaping and nail care from a podiatrist can improve the health of your toenails and help diagnose and treat more serious nail problems.

Bacterial infection of the nail

The Staphylococcus aureus bacterium is a common cause of bacterial infection of the nail. Typically, the infection first takes hold in the fold of skin at the base of the nail (proximal nail fold). Without treatment, the infection can worsen, leading to inflammation and pus. It is often associated with candida infection, particularly when it becomes chronic.

Activities that predispose a person to a bacterial nail infection include:

• Having constantly wet hands
• Overzealous attention to the cuticles
• Severe nail biting, which can expose underlying tissues to infection
• Eczema around the fingernails.

Inflammation of the skin alongside the nail – paronychia

The skin lying alongside the nail can become infected with bacteria, typically Staphylococcus aureus. This infection is called paronychia. Symptoms may include pain, redness and swelling around the cuticle and yellow-green discharge.

Treatment for paronychia includes:

• Keeping your feet as dry as possible
• Use of barrier creams, antiseptic lotions and antifungal preparations
• Antibiotic therapy (in acute cases).

Chronic paronychia (where the condition is present for a long time) is more difficult to treat. In chronic paronychia, the nail may distort and become discoloured, and the skin may lift at the site of infection. Sometimes, the inflammation spreads from one nail to another. A range of micro-organisms working together are responsible for chronic paronychia.

Fungal infection

Fungal infections, such as tinea, are spread from one person to another and can affect the fingernails or toenails. Without treatment, the nail bed itself can become infected. People with diabetes or with compromised immune systems are at higher risk of fungal infection.

The characteristics of a fungal nail infection depend on the cause, but may include:

• Lifting of the nail plate off the nail bed
• Thickening of the nail plate
• Crumbling of the nail plate
• Discolouration, usually in streaks
• White, yellow or green smelly discharge
• Flaking and pitting of the surface of the nail plate.

Treatment for fungal infection includes:

• Antifungal preparations applied topically (directly to the nail) or taken orally (by mouth)
• Professional trimming, shaping and care of the toenail by your podiatrist.

Trauma to the nail

A blow to the nail or compulsive nail biting can cause a range of problems, including:

• Bruising of the nail bed
• Lifting of the nail plate
• Loss of the nail plate
• Nail ridges
• Deformed growth of the nail plate, if the nail matrix is injured.

Ingrown toenail

One of the most common problems treated by podiatrists is ingrown toenails. The big toe is particularly prone to this painful condition. Causes may include:

• Incorrect nail-trimming technique
• Trauma (such as stubbing your toe)
• Nails that naturally curve sharply on the sides and dig into the skin
• Wearing tight shoes.

Treatment from a podiatrist depends on the severity of the injury, but may include removing the ingrown nail section using a local anaesthetic.

Suggestions to prevent an ingrown toenail include:

• Trim your nails straight across rather than rounding off the edges.
• Wear comfortable, well-fitting shoes that don’t press on your toes.

Skin diseases and nails

Skin diseases such as psoriasis, eczema (dermatitis), lichen planus or lupus can affect the nails. Abnormalities may include pits, grooves or crumbling nails.

Unusual nail shape

Unusual nail shape – such as the nails becoming concave – can be caused by iron deficiency.

Nail tumours

Nails can be affected by tumours – including squamous cell carcinoma, usually caused by infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV). Melanoma can also affect the nail.

Splinter haemorrhages of the nail

These are thin lines of blood running along the nail bed. Causes include injury, severe anaemia, infective endocarditis (inflammation of the inner tissue of the heart) and certain diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.

Other diseases and nails

Some diseases that can affect the shape, integrity and colour of our nails include:

• Lung disease
• Heart disease
• Kidney disease
• Liver disease
• Thyroid disease.

Congenital disorders of nails

Some nail conditions are congenital (present at birth). These include nail–patella syndrome, where the nails are improperly formed or missing.

Older age and nails

As our body ages, the growth rate of our fingernails and toenails tends to slow. The change of protein in the nail plate makes nails brittle and prone to splitting. Discolouration and thickening are also common.

Diagnosis and treatment of nail problems

Any abnormal changes to your nails should be medically investigated. See your doctor for treatment or possible referral to a dermatologist. If the cause of your nail problem is not immediately apparent, your doctor may take nail clippings and scrapings from beneath the nail for laboratory analysis. Fingernail infections usually respond faster to treatment than toenail infections.

Depending on the cause, treatment may include:

• Antibiotics for bacterial infections
• Antifungal preparations, mainly oral tablets, for fungal infections in the nails
• Treatment for any contributing skin disease
• Advice on appropriate nail care.

Self-help strategies for healthy nails

Ways to reduce the risk of nail problems include:

• Practice good personal hygiene.
• Wear protective gloves for wet jobs such as washing the dishes.
• Avoid harsh chemicals such as strong soaps and detergents.
• Avoid or limit the handling of chemicals such as hair dyes.
• Take care with the use of nail polish.
• Don’t clean under your nails too often or too aggressively.
• When giving yourself a home manicure, do not push back the cuticles.
• Resist the urge to bite or tear off hangnails – use nail clippers.
• Don’t bite your nails.
• Remove artificial nails carefully and according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
• Don’t smoke.
• Moisturise your hands frequently, particularly after washing them.
• Remember to rub the moisturiser over your nails and cuticles too.
• Treat any sign of eczema on your hands promptly.
• To protect yourself from fungal infections, don’t share towels, always dry yourself thoroughly after bathing (particularly between the toes), and wear thongs in communal bathing areas such as the local gym or swimming pool.
• Make sure your shoes are well-fitting and have plenty of room for air movement.

Where to get help

Trigger Finger-Symptoms, Treatment, and Surgical Release

Trigger finger is a common condition that results in pain and snapping of the tendons at the base of the finger or thumb. These tendons are like pulleys that attach to the ends of the fingers to allow for finger movement. As the forearm muscle contracts, the tendons pull each finger into a fist. With trigger finger, this mechanism is not smooth and a snapping sensation can be felt, causing pain.

What causes trigger finger to occur?

The cause of trigger finger not clear, and this condition can appear without any particular cause. It is thought to be genetic and often occurs in one or more fingers and at different times in different locations. Trigger finger results from a difference between the size of the tendon and the entrance to the tendon sheath, usually at the base of a particular finger.

This can be the result of localized inflammation or a nodular swelling on the tendon itself. When the size difference between the tendon and the sheath is at a critical point, the tendon experiences resistance from the tendon sheath.

Initially, symptoms include pain and clicking with finger flexing, especially in the morning or with activity. As the condition worsens, the trigger finger may require active force from other fingers to straighten out or may not straighten at all due to pain. Additionally, trigger finger is thought to be caused by highly repetitive or forceful use of the thumb or finger. Changes in the tissues of the fingers can result in conditions like gout, rheumatoid arthritis, or diabetes.

What are the symptoms of trigger finger?

One of the first symptoms may be soreness at the base of the thumb or finger. A patient often complains of a painful click when they attempt to flex or extend the affected finger. Periods of inactivity can worsen the catching sensation and activity will loosen up the trigger finger, especially after rest. With severe cases, the finger becomes locked in a flexed or extended position and must be manually straightened. It is not uncommon for joint contraction or stiffening to occur.

Who gets trigger finger?

Trigger fingers occur in patients who use their fingers quite frequently. Such patients often find repetitive activities exacerbating their symptom. Trigger fingers occur more frequently in women than men, predominantly in 40 to 60 years old patients. Certain disease predispose someone to trigger finger, including diabetes, osteoarthritis, gout, and rheumatoid arthritis.

Why is it called a “trigger finger”?

The name of “trigger finger” derived from the symptom of the snapping. This ‘clicking’ or ‘snapping’ results in the affected finger remaining flexed and when there is not enough force gathered, the finger will suddenly extend, like the pulling of a trigger.

What is the treatment of trigger finger?

Often, the most effective treatment for trigger finger is an injection of steroids directly into the flexor tendon sheath. Cortisone, a steroid, decreased the swelling within the tendon and usually decreases symptoms. Over 90% of patients find some relief from a steroid injection, though in half of patients the symptoms recur. In such circumstances, we commonly offer a repeat injection or surgery, based on the patient preference.

Is surgery required to treat trigger finger?

If the condition does not resolve, a procedure to permanently release the tendon is often required. This simple outpatient procedure, called ‘trigger finger release’, is a same-day surgery that can be done under local anesthesia or a regional nerve block, without a general anesthetic. After anesthesia is given, a small incision is made in the skin of around one centimeter in size, allowing for permanent release of the tightened structures at the base of the tendon.

Recovery is quite quick, with restrictions including dressing removal at three days and full function soon after. Most people enjoy full recovery after this procedure.

What are the possible complications of a trigger finger release?

Trigger finger release surgery is very safe and usually quite effective. There are, however, some possible complications, usually residual stiffness from the chronic nature of the condition and rarely infection, which is minimized by antibiotics given at the time of the surgery. Most patients have a high success rate with the trigger finger release procedure with minimal side effects. Though the recovery varies, most patients return to work within 10-14 days, depending on the severity of the job.

If you have any questions or you think you have a trigger finger, do not hesitate to set up an appointment with Dr. Scott Ruhlman, MD or Dr. Wayne Weil, MD to further evaluate your symptoms. We make every effort to assure that you can be seen at your convenience.

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Skin and Nail Changes and Cancer Treatment – Side Effects

When cancer treatments cause skin and nail problems, there are creams and lotions that can help your skin to feel better.

Credit: iStock

Cancer treatments may cause skin and nail changes. Talk with your health care team to learn what side effects your treatment may cause. While skin problems caused by radiation therapy and chemotherapy are often mild, they may be more severe if you are receiving a stem cell transplant, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy. Let your health care team know if you notice any skin changes so they can be treated promptly.

• Sometimes radiation therapy can cause the skin on the part of your body receiving radiation to become dry and peel, itch (called pruritus), and turn red or darker. Your skin may look sunburned or become swollen or puffy. You may develop sores that become painful, wet, and infected. This is called a moist reaction.
• Some types of chemotherapy can cause your skin to become dry, itchy, red or darker, or peel. You may develop a minor rash or sunburn easily; this is called photosensitivity. Some people also have skin pigmentation changes. Your nails may be dark and cracked, and your cuticles may hurt. If you received radiation therapy in the past, the area of skin where you received radiation may become red, blister, peel, or hurt. This is called radiation recall. Signs of an allergic response to chemotherapy may include a sudden or severe rash or hives or a burning sensation.
• Stem cell transplants can cause graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), which may cause skin problems such as a rash, blisters, or thickening of the skin.
• Some types of immunotherapy can cause a severe and sometimes extensive rash. Your skin may be dry or blister.
• Some types of targeted therapy may cause dry skin, a rash, and nail problems. If you develop a rash, it is important to talk with your doctor before stopping targeted therapy.

Ask Your Health Care Team about Skin and Nail Changes

• What skin and nail changes might I have, based on the cancer treatment I am receiving?
• Which symptoms can be managed at home? Which symptoms need urgent medical care?

If you have a severe, extensive, blistering, or painful rash and are receiving immunotherapy, call your doctor to get their advice. It’s especially important to call about rashes that involve the eyes or a mucous membrane, such as your mouth, caused by immunotherapy.

Make note of all problems you should call your health care team about.

Skin changes:

Nail changes:

• Cracked nails
• Cuticles that are swollen and/or painful
• Nail infections (acute paronychia)
• Yellow nails

Ways to

Prevent or Manage Mild Skin and Nail Changes during Cancer Treatment

Talk with your health care team to learn if you should manage these problems at home. Depending upon the treatment you are receiving, your health care team may advise you to take these steps:

• Use only recommended skin products. Use mild soaps that are gentle on your skin. Ask your nurse to recommend specific skin products. If you are receiving radiation therapy, ask about skin products, such as powder or antiperspirant, that you should avoid using before treatment.
• Prevent infection: Radiation therapy can cause skin in the treatment area to peel, become painful, and wet. Most often this happens in areas where the skin folds, such as around your ears, breast, or bottom. Try to keep the area clean and dry so it does not become infected. Your nurse will talk with you about how to clean the area and may prescribe special dressings that you can apply to the area and/or antibiotics.
• Moisturize your skin. Use recommended creams or lotions to prevent your skin from becoming dry and itchy. Irritated skin can become infected. Ask about special creams or ointments for severely dry, itchy, or painful skin.
• Protect your skin: Use sunscreen and sun-protective lip balm. Wear a loose-fitting long-sleeved shirt, pants, and a hat with a wide brim when outdoors to prevent sunburn. If you are receiving radiation therapy, don’t use heating pads, ice packs, or bandages on the treatment area. You may want to shave less often and use an electric razor or stop shaving if your skin is tender and sore.
• Prevent or treat dry, itchy skin. Avoid products that list alcohol or fragrance as an ingredient, since they can dry or irritate your skin. Your nurse may suggest you add colloidal oatmeal to your baths, as it can reduce itching. Take short showers or baths in lukewarm, not hot, water. Put on skin cream or ointment that is recommended by your nurse after drying off from a shower but while your skin is still a little damp. Apply a cool washcloth or ice to dry, itchy skin.
• Prevent or treat minor nail problems. Keep your nails clean and cut short to avoid accidentally tearing them. Protect your hands and nails by wearing gloves when you wash the dishes, or clean the house, for example. Avoid getting manicures and pedicures. Don’t wear tight-fitting shoes. Ask your nurse to recommend products that can be used to treat nail problems.
• Learn about treatments for irritating or painful skin rashes: Sometimes skin problems need medical treatment. Your rash may be treated with a medicated cream (topical corticosteroids) or with medicine that you take as a pill (oral corticosteroids or antibiotics).

Talking With Your Health Care Team about Skin and Nail Changes

Prepare for your visit by making a list of questions to ask. Consider adding these questions to your list:

• What skin-and nail related side effects are common for the type of treatment I’m receiving?
• Are there steps I can take to prevent any of these problems?
• What problems should I call you about? Are there any problems that need urgent medical care?
• When might these problems start? How long might they last?
• What brands of soap and lotion would you advise me to use on my skin? On my nails?
• Are there skin and nail products I should avoid?
• Should I see a dermatologist so I can learn more about how to prevent or manage skin problems?

Listen to tips on how to manage mild skin changes caused by cancer treatments such as radiation therapy.
(Type: MP3 | Time: 2:20 | Size: 2.2MB)
View Transcript

Skin rash should be considered as a fourth key sign of COVID-19

Data from the COVID Symptom Study shows that characteristic skin rashes and ‘COVID fingers and toes’ should be considered as key diagnostic signs of the disease, and can occur in the absence of any other symptoms. 

The COVID Symptom Study, led by researchers from King’s College London and health science company ZOE, asks participants to log their health and any new potential symptoms of COVID-19 on a daily basis. After noticing that a number of participants were reporting unusual skin rashes, the researchers focused on data from around 336,000 regular UK app users. 

Researchers discovered that 8.8% of people reporting a positive coronavirus swab test had experienced a skin rash as part of their symptoms, compared with 5.4% of people with a negative test result. Similar results were seen in a further 8.2% of users with a rash who did not have a coronavirus test, but still reported classic COVID-19 symptoms, such as cough, fever or anosmia (loss of smell).

To investigate further, the team set up a separate online survey, gathering images and information from nearly 12,000 people with skin rashes and suspected or confirmed COVID-19. The team particularly sought images from people of colour, who are currently under-represented in dermatology resources. Thank you to all who submitted photographs of their rashes.

17% of respondents testing positive for coronavirus reported a rash as the first symptom of the disease. And for one in five people (21%) who reported a rash and were confirmed as being infected with coronavirus, the rash was their only symptom.

The rashes associated with COVID-19 fall into three categories: 

• Hive-type rash (urticaria): Sudden appearance of raised bumps on the skin which come and go quite quickly over hours and are usually very itchy. It can involve any part of the body, and often starts with intense itching of the palms or soles, and can cause swelling of the lips and eyelids. These rashes can present quite early on in the infection, but can also last a long time afterwards.
• ‘Prickly heat’ or chickenpox-type rash (erythemato-papular or erythemato-vesicular rash): Areas of small, itchy red bumps that can occur anywhere on the body, but particularly the elbows and knees as well as the back of the hands and feet. The rash can persist for days or weeks.
• COVID fingers and toes (chilblains): Reddish and purplish bumps on the fingers or toes, which may be sore but not usually itchy. This type of rash is most specific to COVID-19, is more common in younger people with the disease, and tends to present later on.

Examples of these rashes

‍

Although COVID-19 is often thought of as a disease that affects the respiratory system, rashes had been reported in a number of cases of people in China and Europe who had been hospitalised with severe symptoms of the disease. However, this is the first and largest study to systematically gather data about skin rashes in milder cases in the wider population.

“Many viral infections can affect the skin, so it’s not surprising that we are seeing these rashes in COVID-19,” says study author Dr Veronique Bataille, consultant dermatologist at St Thomas’ Hospital and King’s College London.

“However, it is important that people know that in some cases, a rash may be the first or only symptom of the disease. So if you notice a new rash, you should take it seriously by self-isolating and getting tested as soon as possible.”

Commenting on the study, consultant dermatologist Dr Justine Kluk said:

“These findings highlight the importance of keeping an eye on any new changes in your skin, such as lumps, bumps or rashes. Early reporting of COVID-associated rashes by members of the public and recognition of their significance by frontline healthcare practitioners – such as GPs, NHS 111 and hospital staff – may increase the detection of coronavirus infections and help to stop the spread.”

Dr Tanya Bleiker, President of the British Association of Dermatologists, explains why these findings are important:

“Documenting the skin symptoms associated with COVID-19 is an important piece of the puzzle in building our understanding of the disease. Skin symptoms may play a crucial role in detecting infection in people who are otherwise asymptomatic.”

“We’re delighted to be working with the team at KCL to make an image library of COVID-19 skin manifestations accessible on a dedicated website. This will help healthcare professionals guide their decision making in clinical settings and may have a role in educating the public about skin symptoms which would warrant self-isolation.”

The findings suggest that skin rash should urgently be added to the NHS list of official COVID-19 symptoms, along with fever, persistent cough and loss of smell (anosmia) – another symptom that was confirmed through the COVID Symptom Study data. 

Additional notes:

3-year-old female presents with blistering lesions on fingers, oral sores

November 06, 2017

2 min read

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James H. Brien

Over the last 1 to 2 days, a 3-year-old female experienced a sudden onset of poor oral intake accompanied by blistering lesions on several of her fingers. By the next day, essentially all of the patient’s fingertips had become swollen and erythematous (Figure 1).

Swollen and erythematous fingertips.

Source: James H. Brien, DO

Sores in and around the patient’s mouth and left nostril.
Blistering lesions on fingers of both hands.

The patient then presented to her primary care physician, who diagnosed her with multiple paronychia and prescribed Keflex (cephalexin, Pragma Pharmaceuticals) and topical mupirocin. According to the mother, the child could not tolerate the medicine because of pain in her mouth, and returned 2 days later with more finger pain and some sores in and about the mouth. She was given a shot of intramuscular ceftriaxone and a prescription for oral amoxicillin. However, the amoxicillin could not be tolerated — again because of mouth pain — and after outpatient management failed, she was admitted to the hospital.

The patient’s past medical history is that of a previously healthy 3-year-old child with some nervous habits that consist of trichotillomania and frequent nail-biting. Examination reveals normal vital signs and mild dehydration with some blistering lesions on several fingers of both hands, along with sores in and about her mouth and the left nostril (Figures 2 and 3).

What’s your diagnosis?

A. Multiple herpetic whitlows

B. Blistering distal dactylitis

C. Cellulitis of multiple fingers

D. Multiple bacterial paronychia

PAGE BREAK

Case Discussion

This is a case of multiple herpetic whitlows, which resulted from primary herpes simplex stomatitis (Figure 4) with auto transfer of the virus to multiple fingers due to habitual nail-biting. It was easy to look back retrospectively at this point and realize that the reason the child could not tolerate the oral medicine was the pain associated with stomatitis. Of course, the antimicrobial agents prescribed would not have done any good anyway. However, if the diagnosis of herpes stomatitis had been made and the patient treated with acyclovir at the first visit, the progression may have been interrupted, potentially avoiding hospitalization. Vision is always 20/20 when viewed through the retrospectoscope.

Primary herpes simplex stomatitis.
Haemophilus influenzae from the mouth of a nail-biter.
Blistering distal dactylitis.

In the hospital, the patient was treated with IV fluids for rehydration, as well as acyclovir. She also briefly received clindamycin for what was thought to be a mixed infection when first admitted with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, which grew from a surface culture of the largest lesion. However, it is unlikely that the Staphylococcus had anything to do with the development of this condition.

Multiple bacterial paronychia would be very unusual. Most of these infections are caused by S. aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. However for some patients who are chronic nail-biters or work with their hands in water, gram-negative rods can also cause the infection (Figure 5). In addition, blistering distal dactylitis is a well-described but not a very common condition, and I’m unaware of any reports in which multiple fingers were involved. This curious condition is almost always caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. Lastly, I featured a case of blistering distal dactylitis (Figure 6) in my column 28 years ago (June 1989), for those who may have kept that issue.

• For more information:
• James H. Brien, DO, is with the department of infectious diseases at McLane Children’s Hospital, Baylor Scott & White Health, Texas A&M College of Medicine in Temple, Texas. He also is a member of the Infectious Diseases in Children Editorial Board. Brien can be reached at: [email protected].

Disclosure: Brien reports no relevant financial disclosures.

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90,000 Retouching at your fingertips – Kommersant FM – Kommersant

Kommersant FM observer Alexander Levy talks about an application for instant photo retouching.

Pimples, road signs and annoying people just can’t get rid of. In the real world. This can be done quickly with the TouchRetouch mobile photo retouching application. Moreover, the authors insist that the result will be of high quality. By this statement, I mean editing the image, which subsequently remains invisible.The algorithms of the program are configured to recognize and delicately automatically remove popular objects from the photo: telephone wires and poles, power lines, scratches or cracks, garbage cans, traffic lights, random people in the frame, imperfections of the skin of the face – in general, everything that can spoil the picture.

In some cases, TouchRetouch really works like a magic tool: you touch an unnecessary object with your finger and it disappears. Although there were several such cases during testing, more often you still have to work with your hands.Before using smart retouching tools, you need to understand exactly how to deal with the shortcomings of photography. And this realization comes only with experience. Therefore, I advise you not to expect miracles from the application. Experiment. Sometimes, in order to get rid of the image of transmission lines, a small designation of a part of this wire was enough for me. Once it was worth marking the entire removal area. In any case, the work of the developers is more than noticeable. Unwanted objects almost always disappear from photographs without a trace.You don’t have to tweak anything.

TouchRetouch is also capable of the opposite useful action: if necessary, the user can clone some part of the image. In any case, before you start processing photos in this application, I advise you to complete a tutorial from a short series of tutorials. Training from a developer is, in principle, a rare option, not to mention the time saved on exploring the possibilities of software.

Read the news from the world of high technologies on our website in the Hi-Tech section.

90,000 19 photos of ideas, which fingers how to paint, the meaning of fingers

Nail art for those who believe that even a manicure can bring good luck

Contents:

© lavanda_nn

Eastern practice of feng shui implies a special organization of space and the arrangement of objects in it so as to attract positive energy as a result.The Feng Shui approach is applicable to a wide variety of areas of life. Feng Shui manicure is proof of this. In this material, we will talk about what the principles of such a manicure are, what value certain combinations of colors in nail art according to feng shui have, and what is required to create it.

© nails.annaleonova

What is needed to create a feng shui manicure?

• Choosing the right colors is key.Images are also used, so handy manicure brushes will come in handy, as well as toothpicks, with which it is easy to draw fine lines and draw small details.
• Of course, you cannot do without knowledge of the intricacies of feng shui, so as a preparation for a manicure, get to know this practice better. In addition, you should determine your element – colors in feng shui manicure are selected based on this.

© fedorkova_elena

According to the teachings of Feng Shui, there are five elements: water, fire, earth, wood and metal.One of the simplest ways to determine which element you belong to is to pay attention to your year of birth. Or rather, on its last digit. If it’s 0 or 1, your element is metal; 2 and 3 – “water”; 4 and 5 – “tree”; 6 and 7 – “fire”; 8 and 9 – “ground”. And one more nuance that needs to be taken into account: those who were born in January or before February 20 must subtract a unit from their year of birth. The thing is that the New Year according to the Chinese calendar comes at the end of February.

Which fingers to paint according to Feng Shui?

© fedorkova_elena

Each part of the body is of particular importance to the doctrine of harmony.If we talk about the hands, then it is important to know that the right one, from the point of view of energy, is the bestowal, and the left one is the receiver. It is from this that they proceed when creating a feng shui manicure. Next, refer to the energy value of each of the fingers.

On the right hand:

• The thumb is responsible for intelligence, success and the achievement of goals.
• The index symbolizes attention to your “I”.
• Medium, if painted with the right shade, will “take away” aggression, irritability, resentment.
• The ring finger conveys a signal of openness to communication and new acquaintances, both friendly and romantic.
• The little finger is at the service of comfort, pacification, tranquility.

© lavanda_nn

On the left hand:

• The thumb attracts failure, fear and anxiety.
• Index – lack of self-confidence, low self-esteem, internal trauma.
• Medium serves as a magnet for new love feelings and sensations, creative inspiration, success in work.
• The ring finger is symbolically associated with loneliness, disappointment.
• Little finger – with lies, betrayal, treason.

Thus, it is best to highlight with the help of a manicure the little finger, middle and ring fingers on the right hand, and also the middle one on the left.

Feng Shui manicure color combination

One of the main rules of feng shui manicure is to give preference to shades that are in harmony with your mood and sense of self.At the same time, it will not be superfluous to find out which colors suit you, given the belonging to this or that element.

• Those whose element is water should adopt shades from the blue-blue range; green, purple, lavender and black can also be used.

© essiepolish

• If you belong to the fire element, it means that your colors are red, orange, yellow.And notice the shine of the gold.

© essiepolish

• “Earth” is in harmony with such shades as yellow, green, brown. They should be restrained, muted, soft.

© essiepolish

• Almost the same colors apply to the element “wood”, but in addition to brown, you can choose emerald, dark blue, black.

© essiepolish

• With “metal” everything is simple: choose varnishes with a metallic effect, with a light shimmer that “highlights” even gloomy, at first glance, shades.

© essiepolish

You may have noticed that some colors are not listed at all in this list.These are, for example, gray and white. They are inherently neutral. But using the latter can do you good, whatever your element is – it is the color of calm and harmony.

• Individual flowers, according to feng shui, also have their own symbolic meanings. Purple (this, by the way, is one of the most revered colors in feng shui) helps to reveal hidden abilities.
• Gold gives strength – both physical and emotional.
• Red, as you might guess, is the color of passion, but you need to be careful with it: in excess, it gives rise to aggression.
• “Solar” yellow is the embodiment of light, positive energy.
• Another color to look out for is turquoise: according to the color theory of feng shui, it has the ability to attract money and promote wealth.

Everything you have learned about the elements, the energetic role of the fingers on the right and left hands, and color symbolism will help you create the right manicure for a specific purpose.

Feng Shui Manicure for Harmony

© lak_i_cat

To bring prosperity, comfort and harmony with yourself and the outside world into your life, you should highlight the middle and ring fingers, as well as the little finger on the right hand, for example, with such colors as white, yellow, orange, cream.

Feng Shui Manicure to Attract Love

© lak_i_cat

“Love” manicure is one of the few feng shui manicure options that allows you to use your left hand. Use some red, pink, purple on the middle finger of the left hand, and also on the right on the ring finger.

Feng Shui Manicure for Peace of Mind

© lavanda_nn

To feel calm, try accentuating your nails on those fingers that “give off” negative energy: the index and middle fingers on your right hand.Use shades such as white, purple, yellow, orange, blue and green for this.

Ideas for multi-colored feng shui manicure: photo gallery

© artstyles89

© artstyles89

© lucy_sh_nails

© nailland_manikur

© nails_stasi

Have you ever tried Feng Shui manicure? Write a comment.

90,000 How to develop business skills in children: masterminds and pitches “on the fingers”

If you purposefully develop your child’s leadership qualities, design thinking and public speaking skills, you can have a good set of entrepreneurial skills by the end of grade 11.

Experts of the Startup Formula course of the Foxford online school told why teenagers need to participate in hackathons, pitch projects and create memorable presentations.

In Stream

The concept of the flow was invented by the American psychologist Mihai Csikszentmihalyi. The idea is that a person should be genuinely involved in the activity in order to feel the maximum return and joy from what is happening. In practice, engagement can be maintained by participating in contests, hackathons, or by launching your own projects.

In 2021, aspiring entrepreneurs are betting on IT technologies, so new applications for health, sports, education and interesting leisure are constantly appearing.In high school, a student can already become part of a development team, and if he has leadership qualities, even lead it and motivate people.

Igor Alexandrov, winner of the All-Russian competition “Big Change”, launched the first startup at the age of 16:

“My project started with an idea and inspiration: I wanted to do something useful and practical. Initially, I was thinking about an application for learning English, as I myself was fascinated by this topic.But then I decided to switch to a more global issue: motivation, which is necessary in all areas of life. This is how SPOK appeared – an application that promotes self-development and supports mental health.

At first, I worked alone: ​​I collected information about UX, UI and other narrowly focused topics in the field of mobile development, and then I decided to assemble a team, because I realized that together with like-minded people I could launch and upgrade the project much faster. ”

Marathons for developers help to immerse themselves in an entrepreneurial environment: they can train hard skills and improve in project management.It is especially useful to participate in them for those who plan to launch an IT startup in the future, find a team and an investor.

If a student is just thinking about a career in a high-tech environment, it is also useful for him to attend hackathons: at least, he will be able to observe team work, learn how to pitch a startup, and also make useful contacts.

Pavel Yakimenko, entrepreneur, teacher of the Startup Formula course:

“Hackathons are events for children who already have certain skills, for example, they are engaged in programming, web design, copywriting.

If you have already launched your own project, participate in hackathons to communicate with colleagues, collect feedback and look for a future team and partners. Often, hackathons cover media and business portals – this is an opportunity to gain additional coverage and PR. They also get great prizes and attract investments at hackathons.

But even if you do not plan to launch your own project or become part of a startup, participate in a hackathon to attract the attention of potential employers.In the future, this may bring you a lucrative job offer in one of the well-known companies. ”

If hackathons develop basic skills, such as programming, design or management, then “flexible” skills can be pumped through competitions. For example, learn how to make presentations, speak in public, communicate freely with peers from different cities and countries, and establish first professional contacts. In addition, the media write about the winners of major competitions, and this is an additional way to declare yourself.

Reflect in mastermind groups

These are groups that use the collective mind to solve various problems and tasks. You can gather like-minded people to prepare for exams, read professional literature, train critical thinking or constructive perception of criticism. The main feature of this method is regularity and reflection.

Svetlana Gonchar, teacher of Netology, organizational development consultant:

“In mastermind groups, you can develop a variety of skills, from listening and hearing to strategic thinking.Much depends on the initial request and on the people you have chosen to be your companions. To get the most out of these meetings, write down in advance which skill you would like to pump, and keep focus on it for the entire 20 minutes. You can change requests from time to time. The main thing is to remember that within one meeting you need to concentrate on a certain skill. ”

Pitch projects

Entrepreneurs defend projects in front of potential partners and investors.In the business environment, such short speeches are called pitch sessions: startups need to present their product in seven to ten minutes. In order to make the right impression on your audience, it is important to set a goal ahead of time and write a competent speech.

Pavel Yakimenko, entrepreneur:

“Preparation for the pitch session can be divided into two stages. The first is to focus on public speaking:

1. Think over the text of the speech, it is better to learn it by heart.Additionally, you can practice in front of a mirror or camera.
2. Create a speech outline so that the visual image stays in your head, not just the words.
3. Think over potential questions and answers to them: it is often during communication with the audience that it is possible to show the project from its best side.
4. Relax before performing with breathing practices. For example, inhale slowly, hold the air, and exhale for a count of six at each stage.
5. Prepare a bright and memorable presentation.

A pitch session is, first of all, a presentation for an investor, therefore a second stage of preparation is required:

1. Imagine yourself as someone who is risking money. At the same time, he is also an entrepreneur and also wants to make money. So you need a good reason to invest in a startup.
2. Find projects that a potential investor has already funded and try to understand what is special about them and how they were able to raise money.
3. Break the amount down and work with multiple investors.When one investor sees that you are already working with another, trust in the startup will increase.
4. Please enter a small amount. Being ambitious is an important quality for a startup, but start with down-to-earth numbers.
5. Don’t think for investors, but communicate with them as much as possible. Do not hesitate to talk about problems and solutions, and if you are still refused, be sure to ask for feedback. ”

Train attendance

Observation is essential to create memorable presentations and impress potential clients and investors.This term is actively used by designers, video editors and advertising specialists. It means that when you look at works of art, outstanding photographs and videos for a long time, the visual experience gained will affect your own work.

Observation develops a sense of beauty. If you regularly study visual objects, the brain trains: new neural connections appear in it, which help to quickly select or create a bright design.

It is possible to collect inspirational ideas both in the real world and on the Internet.For example, use a moodboard – the so-called “mood board”. It can be used to combine photographs, illustrations, fonts, patterns and slogans, and then use it all for future presentations. You can create such a “board” on one of the special services: moodboard, realtime board, sampleboard. And look for suitable pictures and photos – on free photo stocks, Pinterest, Behance and other resources.

Another way to develop awareness is to visit various exhibitions. Particular attention should be paid to contemporary art: it usually shows trends that only after a couple of years penetrate popular culture, including design and advertising.

Search for growth points

A future entrepreneur is always looking for opportunities for development in everyday life. First of all, you need to learn how to negotiate. It seems that this skill can only be useful in business meetings, but in reality, negotiations are any communication where the parties defend their interests. Therefore, you can practice the art of a negotiator on different people. To become an experienced negotiator, you need to use even conflict situations to your advantage and, for example, learn to restrain emotions and bend your line.

Svetlana Gonchar, organizational development consultant:

“Successful negotiators know how to determine a person’s mood. You can practice this skill every day by meeting people in a shop, taxi, or other public place. Observe people and try to understand their mood – this can be done even in a couple of minutes. The next step is to learn from a person’s behavior to determine his needs in order to subsequently make an offer that he cannot refuse. “

In addition to discernment, it is important to train design thinking – a technique that helps to better understand customers and find non-obvious solutions to various problems. Learning to think in this way requires empathy and creativity. Sometimes it is worthwhile to carefully study the context or, perhaps, to rethink the problem altogether and propose a fundamentally new solution.

Entrepreneurial skills are needed not only for those who plan to start their own business or work in startups, but also for everyone who wants to build a successful career.They help to come up with non-standard solutions, negotiate, learn new things and promote their own ideas.

In the Telegram channel “Cheating will not work”, we talk even more about trends in education and how to learn throughout life and do it with pleasure. Subscribe!

Tattoos on fingers, male and female tattoos, photo

Tattoos on the fingers are a great option for those who do not dare to permanently write on the body.It is not as annoying as a tattoo on a larger area of ​​the skin, not as beaten, it looks playful and original.

Meaning of tattoo on fingers

Usually these are phrases in Latin that say something about a person: his priorities, values, favorite things and just favorite. It can be a short, simple word, carefully written, and this detail of your appearance will be incredibly sophisticated and bright.

Although it would be untrue to note – Latin began to give way to more exotic languages, ancient, for example, the Maya language.The main thing is that you yourself understand the essence of a tattoo. For, as Victoria Beckham once joked: “My husband wanted to fill in my name in Chinese, but he got something like“ fried rice ”.

Interesting tattoos

If you decide to get a tattoo on the side of your finger, you can choose quotes that characterize you – there is enough space for this. Many people do this, but some still prefer drawings: a treble clef, a feather, an infinity sign, a flower, an hourglass, a heart on a pin, etc.etc.

Women’s finger tattoos

Women rarely get tattoos on top and on all fingers – this is the prerogative of men. They like subtle, neat, sophisticated writing on one of their fingers. They are not immediately striking, but if they have already been noticed, they will definitely want to see them. This adds mystery to the owner of the tattoo.

Often lovers come to a tattoo master asking them to make them the same tattoos. In our age, the exchange of rings began to give way to the exchange of tattoos, which are much more difficult to remove.And if you see a small stuffed anchor on someone’s finger, most likely, it signals about the same as the wedding ring.

Is the procedure painful?

Usually people easily agree to a tattoo on a finger, including because they are sure that it will not hurt. And this attitude helps them to quite easily walk this path to beauty, because there is practically no psychological barrier. Indeed, there is no need to talk about any particular pain – everything is very tolerable.

What the tattoo on the fingers says about you

First, you pay great attention to detail. Such people themselves reveal themselves gradually, and in others they like to notice nuances. Perhaps you are not as brave and courageous as you would like, but sound judgment is somewhere more needed than the previous qualities, and it is inherent in you.

Most likely, you are responsible, you do not promise in vain, you are not afraid to face the truth and solve problems – there are no trifles for you.

Video tattoo on fingers

You can see how the tattoo is done on the fingers in this video.

Below are photos of tattoos on fingers from different tattoo artists.

Photo of tattoos on fingers

90,000 Tattoos on the fingers. The meaning of the tattoo on the fingers. Sketches and photos of tattoo on fingers |

Count on your fingers. Phraseologism is used in a conversation about something small, which is lacking, which is easy to count.Sometimes, these are tattoos. Rihanna, Lana Del Rey, Beyoncé, Cara Delevingne, Miley Cyrus made them on the fingers.

The general list of Hollywood stars with finger tattoos contains more than 100 personalities. Among Russian celebrities, for example, Timati wears tattoos on his fingers. On his fingers are the letters of the phrase Good Luck.

Translated as “lucky chance”. Timati considers the tattoo itself to be successful. Are you ready to repeat the success with an already proven sketch or shock the audience with your own?

The value of tattoo on fingers

Finger tattoos are symbolic in themselves, even outside the subject of tattoos.So, the big finger is associated in the subconscious with strength, power. Remember the sign of the Roman patricians, dictating to kill or pardon a defeated gladiator?

Hence the positive interpretation of the thumb raised up. In a general sense, it is perceived as a beneficial force, luck.

In the realm of palmistry, the thumb is associated with Mars. The fiery planet gives the energy of sexuality, activity, strength. Tattoo on the fingers has a different meaning if placed on the index finger.

The so-called meridian of Jupiter passes through it. His energy is associated with piety, responsiveness, revelation. Sometimes, it is a revelation of other spaces, subtle worlds. This is why the index finger represents magic. Accordingly, we conclude that means a tattoo on a finger .

Tattoo on the middle finger palmists refer to the influence of Saturn. He is responsible in nature for the craving for power, leadership.Also, the middle finger is not average in length.

The finger is longer than the rest, which makes it possible to associate it with the phallus. Hence the gesture suggesting to leave alone. Interestingly, he is ancient. An indecent gesture is described, for example, in the comedy “Clouds”.

This is the work of Aristophanes, the writer of Ancient Greece. Later mentions of the middle finger gesture are found in the chronicles of Jean Froissard.

The writer lived in the 15th century. In one of Froissard’s chronicles, it is said about the Hundred Years War and how the British showed the average finger to the French during the battles.

The association of the middle finger with the phallus is so firmly rooted in the minds that photos of the tattoo on the finger also “whisper” about indecent, even being decent in the plot.

tattoos on the ring finger are perceived differently. The ancients believed that a direct vein leads from it to the heart. Some sources speak of a nerve.

That is why the symbol of heart bonds – a wedding ring – is worn on the ring finger. By the way, it often coexists with a tattoo or is completely inferior to it. Tattoo rings on the fingers are not lost, not removed. Is this not a symbol of eternal love?

Jews became an exception to the rule. They have a ring finger – a symbol of failure. The finger not only does without a tattoo, but also wedding rings. Many Jews prefer to wear signet rings on their index fingers.

Another curious superstition about the ring finger comes from China. A century ago, women with long 4 fingers were not married in the Celestial Empire.

It was believed that marriage with such would not work out, would bring trouble.Chinese women still refuse to tattoo long ring fingers, and decorate those shorter than average with pleasure.

Palmists do not divide ring fingers into long and short. Anyone is endowed with the energy of Venus, which means that they are responsible for love affairs, family ties and appeal to feelings.

The little finger is “turned” to the material. Therefore, tattoo infinity on the finger is no longer an infinity of feelings or power, but an endless series of financial profits.

There is also a second interpretation. Along with the material side of life, the little finger is associated with mental activity. It is believed that tattoos on the 5th finger are applied by intellectuals, people prone to analysis.

Finger tattoos for girls

Girls more often than men decorate their fingers with tattoos. Ladies strive to emphasize the grace of pestles, the beauty of manicure, jewelry delights. In addition, girls are more likely to gesture.

This gives a chance to show the tattoos to others.Hip-hop artist Iggy Azalea, for example, wears tattoos on 3 fingers of each hand. The singer chose the inscription live love A $ VP.

This is the name of Aisap Rocky’s mixtape. The rapper was Iggy’s boyfriend. The relationship did not work out. This prompted Azalea to cross out the singer’s name. Later, the hip-hop performer completely reduced tattoo inscription on her finger .

Lindsay Lohan also looked into the category of tattoo “Inscriptions on the fingers” . The actress made a tattoo only on the index finger of her right hand.Shhh is inscribed there.

It is convenient to put your finger to your lips and ask for silence without uttering a sound. It is more difficult to decipher the tattoo on Sky Ferreira’s finger. The index finger of the American singer is filled with a droplet pattern.

Journalists wondered if it was a sign of the freshness of the morning rain, or a symbol of tears. As a result, it turned out that the drawing was being filled by convicts for the shootout.

Skye has an indirect relationship to carrying weapons. Lil Wayne was convicted of illegal possession of a gun.Rap and Ferreira are a couple. The tattoo was made as a sign of solidarity with a loved one, his support.

Finger tattoos for girls , first of all, decoration. Hence the imitation of chains and rings. Cara Delevingne, for example, wears a lion’s head.

The regal muzzle looks at others from the top model’s index finger. The drawing fits on the first phalanx. Hence the association with the ring. For Kara herself, the lion is also a symbol of her zodiac sign. The girl was born in August.

Beyoncé also reflected the time of birth on her finger, but this time in the form of a date. Singer Virgo by the sign of the zodiac, was born on September 4th. The number 4 is inscribed on Beyoncé’s finger.

The ring finger is selected for the tattoo. Jay Z wears the same tattoo. The rapper was also born on the 4th, but in December. The tattoos of the singers are united by the relationship between them. Jay Z and Beyoncé got married, choosing the 4th number for the ceremony, too. The wedding took place in April.

A pair tattoo on his fingers was made by Futures and Ciara.The rapper and the Ayrenbi singer filled the first letters of each other’s names on the ring fingers.

Ciara brought the tattoo together, because the picture was made in honor of the engagement. It took place in 2013, but was canceled a year later. The future continues to wear the letter C. on the ring finger.

Perhaps the rapper still has feelings for Ciara, or maybe the man simply does not attach any importance to the tattoo. However, according to intricate tattoo plots on men’s hands, a conclusion about a deep meaning suggests itself.

If the tattoo of Futures is easy to decipher, then the drawings on the fingers of the other guys have to ponder.Let us prove the thesis using the example of all the same stars.

Finger tattoos for men

Johnny Depp is another celebrity who got 90,017 finger tattoos. For 90,018 men and women, the actor’s tattoo has become a mystery. Three rectangles on the index finger resemble a Roman numeral 3, blocks of some kind of structure, a row of walls or pillars.

Hundreds of other associations could be cited. Depp rejected everything, saying that he himself did not know the meaning of the symbols. The actor only explained that the meaning is deep.

Johnny brought notepads, notebooks and scraps of paper with rectangles in a row as proof. It turned out that Depp drew them in school lessons, and then during telephone conversations.

Symbols surfaced from the subconscious, accompany the celebrity all his life and for this reason alone are worthy of being imprinted on the body of an actor. Can you understand this without explanation?

Johnny Depp’s tattoo was made on the outside of the first phalanx of the index finger. You can only cover such a tattoo with a ring.

It is also difficult to disguise the drawing on the side of the index finger looking at the thumb. Men choose open areas for tattoos. This speaks of demonstration and straightforwardness of natures.

Women are more likely to keep intrigue, choosing tattoos between their fingers . Such pictures are easily hidden from prying eyes. It is enough to bring your fingers together. Men, on the other hand, bring their fingers together to make tattoos as obvious as possible.

Plots divided into how many parts are popular among guys.They are displayed on the outer sides of various fingers. By bringing them together, they get a single picture, for example, a skull, or a river.

If the women’s set of classics for tattoos on fingers includes inscriptions, stars, hearts and feathers, then anchors, wire, geometric symbols and knives dominate in the men’s list.

The latter are often painted with imitation of partial skin care. The technique is inherent in the style of biomechanics. Trash polka, blackwork, tribal are also popular among guys.Girls, on the other hand, ask for old-school tattoos, made in watercolor technique, or made with white pigment.

Popular Finger Tattoo Designs

Tattoos worn by both sexes combine religious motives. Their symbols are chosen according to religion.

Christians, for example, order Cross tattoo on their finger . Girls prefer to “hang” the crucifix on a chain. Men prefer to depict the cross separately or on a cord.

Buddhists and Hare Krishnas wear a painted rosary and images of a lotus as a tattoo on their fingers. Muslims stuff a crescent moon on their fingers. By the way, the image can be worn not only on the fingers, but also on the feet.

However, religious subjects are rarely posted here. Confused by the earthiness of the holy symbols. Therefore, hooligan motifs such as cannabis leaves, funny faces are often stuffed on the toes.

Place on the legs and abstract motives such as mehendi patterns.This is an Indian ornament. On the fingers, it is also effective. The ornate ligature of patterns is devoid of some sharpness and challenge inherent in male tattoos.

Therefore, women prefer mehendi patterns. Guys’ tattoos have more sharp lines. Hence, plots with lightning on fingers, shark mouths filled with sharp teeth, horns of wild animals.

Compositions with horns, by the way, harmoniously transition to the main part of the brushes. This visually expands the hand.This emphasizes the power of the palms and is therefore welcomed by guys.

From the plots generalizing the interests of both sexes, the elephant is recalled. His foot becomes the thumb, and the index trunk. The body is placed on the side of the palm.

In order for the picture to come together, it is enough to press the thumb and forefinger together. Also, representatives of both sexes order symbols of good luck.

These include a horseshoe, a four-leaf clover.Small objects look solid on the fingers. On the back, chest, shoulders and hips, the pictures are lost, they become tiny, indistinct specks.