What are the potential side effects of taking 1000mg of vitamin C. How much vitamin C is too much. Can excessive vitamin C intake cause health problems. Is it safe to take high doses of vitamin C supplements.

The Basics of Vitamin C: Essential Nutrient with Potential Risks

Vitamin C is a crucial nutrient that plays a vital role in maintaining overall health. It’s renowned for its immune-boosting properties, contribution to wound healing, and support for strong bones and brain function. While many people turn to vitamin C supplements for these benefits, it’s important to understand that excessive intake can lead to undesirable side effects.

What makes vitamin C unique among vitamins? It’s water-soluble, meaning it dissolves in water and isn’t stored in the body. This characteristic has important implications for how our bodies process and eliminate excess vitamin C.

Key Facts About Vitamin C:

• Essential for immune function and overall health
• Water-soluble and not stored in the body
• Excess is excreted through urine
• Daily consumption of vitamin C-rich foods is important
• Supplements are often unnecessary for most people

Understanding the Upper Limit: How Much Vitamin C is Too Much?

While vitamin C is generally considered safe, even at high doses, there is a point at which excessive intake can cause problems. The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for vitamin C has been established at 2,000 milligrams (mg) per day for adults. This limit is based on the onset of digestive symptoms that can occur when this threshold is exceeded.

What happens if you consume more than 2,000 mg of vitamin C in a day? The most common side effects are digestive distress, including diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal cramps. It’s worth noting that these symptoms typically occur only with high-dose supplements, not from consuming vitamin C-rich foods.

Symptoms of Excessive Vitamin C Intake:

1. Diarrhea
2. Nausea
3. Abdominal cramps
4. Acid reflux (although scientific evidence is limited)

The Impact of 1000mg Vitamin C on Digestive Health

Taking 1000mg of vitamin C as a supplement is a common practice, but how does this dose affect your body? While it’s below the established UL of 2,000 mg, some individuals may still experience digestive issues at this level.

Why do digestive problems occur with high vitamin C intake? The body has a limited capacity to absorb vitamin C. When this capacity is exceeded, the unabsorbed vitamin C remains in the intestinal lumen, where it can draw water into the intestines. This can lead to loose stools or diarrhea.

Managing Digestive Side Effects:

• Reduce supplement dose if experiencing discomfort
• Consider splitting the dose throughout the day
• Opt for food sources of vitamin C instead of supplements
• Consult a healthcare provider if symptoms persist

Vitamin C and Iron Absorption: A Double-Edged Sword

One of the lesser-known effects of high vitamin C intake is its impact on iron absorption. Vitamin C enhances the absorption of non-heme iron, which is found in plant-based foods. While this can be beneficial for many people, especially vegetarians and vegans, it can pose risks for individuals with certain health conditions.

How significant is the effect of vitamin C on iron absorption? One study found that taking 100 mg of vitamin C with a meal increased iron absorption by 67%. This enhancement in iron absorption can be problematic for individuals with conditions that increase the risk of iron accumulation in the body, such as hemochromatosis.

Risks Associated with Enhanced Iron Absorption:

• Iron overload in susceptible individuals
• Potential damage to heart, liver, pancreas, thyroid, and central nervous system
• Increased oxidative stress

Kidney Stone Formation: A Potential Risk of High Vitamin C Intake

Another concern associated with excessive vitamin C consumption is the increased risk of kidney stone formation. When your body processes vitamin C, it produces a waste product called oxalate. Under normal circumstances, oxalate is excreted in urine. However, high levels of oxalate can combine with minerals in the body to form crystals, which can develop into kidney stones.

How does vitamin C contribute to kidney stone formation? When you consume more vitamin C than your body can use or excrete, the excess is converted to oxalate. This increase in oxalate excretion can raise the risk of calcium oxalate kidney stones, the most common type of kidney stones.

Factors Influencing Kidney Stone Risk:

1. Dosage of vitamin C supplements
2. Individual susceptibility to kidney stones
3. Hydration status
4. Overall diet and nutrient intake

The Pros and Cons of High-Dose Vitamin C Supplements

While vitamin C supplements, including those providing 1000mg doses, are popular, it’s essential to weigh the potential benefits against the risks. Some people claim that high-dose vitamin C supplements offer benefits beyond what can be obtained from dietary sources, such as enhanced immune function or protection against the common cold.

Are high-dose vitamin C supplements necessary for most people? Generally, no. Most individuals can obtain sufficient vitamin C through a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables. The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for vitamin C is 65-90 mg per day for adults, which is far below the 1000mg often found in supplements.

Potential Benefits of High-Dose Vitamin C:

• Possible reduction in duration of common cold symptoms
• Enhanced iron absorption (beneficial for some individuals)
• Potential antioxidant effects

Potential Risks of High-Dose Vitamin C:

• Digestive discomfort
• Increased risk of kidney stones
• Potential iron overload in susceptible individuals
• Interference with certain medical tests

Vitamin C Interactions: Medications and Health Conditions

When considering high-dose vitamin C supplements, it’s crucial to be aware of potential interactions with medications and certain health conditions. Vitamin C can affect the absorption and effectiveness of some medications, and certain health conditions may increase the risk of adverse effects from high vitamin C intake.

What medications might interact with high-dose vitamin C? Some examples include certain chemotherapy drugs, blood thinners like warfarin, and estrogen-containing medications. Additionally, vitamin C can interfere with the results of certain medical tests, potentially leading to inaccurate diagnoses.

Health Conditions That May Be Affected by High Vitamin C Intake:

1. Hemochromatosis and other iron storage disorders
2. Kidney disease
3. History of kidney stones
4. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency

Optimizing Vitamin C Intake: Balancing Benefits and Risks

Given the potential side effects and risks associated with high-dose vitamin C supplements, how can you ensure you’re getting enough of this important nutrient without overdoing it? The key lies in focusing on dietary sources of vitamin C and using supplements judiciously, if at all.

What are the best food sources of vitamin C? Citrus fruits, berries, kiwi, bell peppers, broccoli, and Brussels sprouts are all excellent sources. By incorporating a variety of these foods into your diet, you can easily meet your daily vitamin C needs without the risk of excessive intake.

Tips for Optimizing Vitamin C Intake:

• Prioritize whole food sources of vitamin C
• Aim for a diverse diet rich in fruits and vegetables
• Consider supplements only if dietary intake is inadequate
• If using supplements, start with lower doses and increase gradually if needed
• Consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen

In conclusion, while vitamin C is an essential nutrient with numerous health benefits, excessive intake, particularly from supplements, can lead to undesirable side effects. A 1000mg dose of vitamin C, while below the established upper limit, may still cause digestive issues in some individuals and could potentially contribute to other health concerns. For most people, focusing on obtaining vitamin C from dietary sources is the safest and most effective approach to ensuring adequate intake of this important nutrient.

Does Too Much Vitamin C Cause Side Effects?

Consuming too much of this essential vitamin may come with side effects, which range from minor digestive issues to more serious health issues.

Vitamin C is an essential nutrient that’s abundant in many fruits and vegetables.

Getting enough of this vitamin is especially important for maintaining a healthy immune system. It also plays a crucial role in wound healing, keeping your bones strong, and enhancing brain function (1).

Interestingly, some people claim that vitamin C supplements provide benefits beyond those that can be obtained from the vitamin C found in food.

One of the most common reasons people take vitamin C supplements is that they believe the supplements can help prevent the common cold (2).

However, many supplements contain extremely large amounts of the vitamin, which can cause undesirable side effects in some cases.

This article explores the overall safety of vitamin C, whether it’s possible to consume too much, and the potential adverse effects of taking large doses.

Vitamin C is water-soluble, which means it dissolves in water.

Unlike fat-soluble vitamins, water-soluble vitamins do not get stored in your body.

Instead, the vitamin C you consume gets transported to your tissues via body fluids, and any extra gets excreted in your urine (1).

Since your body does not store vitamin C or produce it on its own, it’s important to consume foods that are rich in vitamin C daily (1).

Even at high doses, vitamin C is not known to be toxic or to cause any serious adverse effects. The most common side effects are diarrhea, nausea, abdominal cramps, and other gastrointestinal issues (3).

Still, if you take larger-than-normal doses of this vitamin, your body can have difficulty processing it, and this can potentially lead to negative effects (4).

It’s important to note that vitamin C supplements are usually unnecessary because most people can easily get enough of this vitamin by eating fresh foods, especially fruits and vegetables (1).

Summary

Vitamin C is water-soluble, so it’s not stored within your body. If you consume more than your body needs, you’ll excrete the excess in your urine.

The most common side effect of high vitamin C intake is digestive distress.

In general, these side effects do not occur as a result of eating foods that contain vitamin C. They occur only as a result of taking high doses of vitamin C supplements.

You’re most likely to experience digestive symptoms if you consume more than 2,000 milligrams (mg) at once. Thus, a Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) of 2,000 mg per day has been established (1, 4, 5, 6, 7).

The most common digestive symptoms of excessive vitamin C intake are diarrhea and nausea.

Excessive intake has also been reported to lead to acid reflux, although scientific evidence does not support this (1, 5, 6, 7).

If you’re experiencing digestive problems as a result of taking too much vitamin C, you can simply cut back your supplement dose or avoid vitamin C supplements altogether (5, 6, 7).

Summary

Ingesting more than 2,000 mg of vitamin C per day may lead to gastrointestinal upset, including symptoms like diarrhea and nausea.

Vitamin C is known to enhance iron absorption.

It can bind to non-heme iron, which is found in plant foods. Your body does not absorb non-heme iron as efficiently as heme iron, the type of iron found in animal products (8).

When vitamin C binds with non-heme iron, it makes this iron much easier for your body to absorb. This is an important function, especially for individuals who get most of their iron from plant-based foods (9).

One study found that participants’ iron absorption increased by 67% when they took 100 mg of vitamin C with a meal (10).

However, individuals who have conditions that increase the risk of iron accumulation in the body, such as hemochromatosis, should be cautious with vitamin C supplements.

Under these circumstances, taking vitamin C in excess may lead to iron overload, which can cause serious damage to your heart, liver, pancreas, thyroid, and central nervous system (11, 12, 13).

That said, iron overload is highly unlikely if you don’t have a condition that increases iron absorption. Additionally, iron overload is more likely to occur if you consume excess iron in supplement form.

Summary

Since vitamin C increases iron absorption, consuming too much of it is a concern for individuals with conditions that lead to iron accumulation in the body.

Your body excretes excess vitamin C as oxalate, a waste product.

Oxalate typically exits your body via urine. However, under some circumstances, oxalate may bind to minerals and form crystals that can lead to the formation of kidney stones (14).

Consuming too much vitamin C has the potential to increase the amount of oxalate in your urine, thus increasing your risk of developing kidney stones (15).

In one study, when adults took a 1,000-mg vitamin C supplement twice daily for 6 days, the amount of oxalate they excreted increased by 20% (16).

High vitamin C intake is not only associated with greater amounts of urinary oxalate but also linked to the development of kidney stones, especially if you consume more than 2,000 mg per day (11, 17).

Instances of kidney failure have also been reported in people who have taken more than 2,000 mg in a day. However, this is extremely rare, especially in otherwise healthy people (18).

Summary

Consuming too much vitamin C may increase the amount of oxalate in your kidneys, which has the potential to lead to kidney stones.

Since vitamin C is water-soluble and your body excretes excess amounts within a few hours after you consume it, it’s quite difficult to consume too much.

In fact, it is nearly impossible to get too much vitamin C from your diet alone. In generally healthy people, any extra vitamin C consumed — beyond the Recommended Dietary Allowance — simply gets flushed out of the body (1).

To put it in perspective, you would need to consume 25 oranges or 14 red bell peppers before your intake reached the UL (19, 20).

However, the risks of vitamin C overdose are higher when people take supplements, and it is possible to consume too much of the vitamin in some circumstances.

For example, people who have conditions that increase the risk of iron overload or who are prone to kidney stones should be cautious with their vitamin C intake (11, 12, 17).

All the adverse effects of vitamin C, including digestive distress and kidney stones, appear to occur when people take it in doses greater than 2,000 mg (4).

If you choose to take a vitamin C supplement, it’s best to choose one that contains no more than 100% of your daily needs. That’s 90 mg per day for men and 75 mg per day for women (3).

Summary

It’s nearly impossible to consume too much vitamin C from food. However, if you’re supplementing with this vitamin, you can minimize your risk of getting too much by taking no more than 90 mg per day if you’re a man or 75 mg per day if you’re a woman.

Vitamin C is generally safe for most people.

This is especially true if you get it from foods rather than from supplements.

Individuals who take vitamin C in supplement form are at greater risk of consuming too much of it and experiencing side effects, the most common of which are digestive issues.

However, more serious consequences, such as iron overload and kidney stones, may also result from taking excessive amounts of vitamin C (5).

Fortunately, you can easily prevent these potential side effects by avoiding high dose vitamin C supplements.

Unless you have a vitamin C deficiency, which rarely occurs in generally healthy people, it is probably not necessary for you to take large doses of this vitamin.

Does Too Much Vitamin C Cause Side Effects?

Consuming too much of this essential vitamin may come with side effects, which range from minor digestive issues to more serious health issues.

Vitamin C is an essential nutrient that’s abundant in many fruits and vegetables.

Getting enough of this vitamin is especially important for maintaining a healthy immune system. It also plays a crucial role in wound healing, keeping your bones strong, and enhancing brain function (1).

Interestingly, some people claim that vitamin C supplements provide benefits beyond those that can be obtained from the vitamin C found in food.

One of the most common reasons people take vitamin C supplements is that they believe the supplements can help prevent the common cold (2).

However, many supplements contain extremely large amounts of the vitamin, which can cause undesirable side effects in some cases.

This article explores the overall safety of vitamin C, whether it’s possible to consume too much, and the potential adverse effects of taking large doses.

Vitamin C is water-soluble, which means it dissolves in water.

Unlike fat-soluble vitamins, water-soluble vitamins do not get stored in your body.

Instead, the vitamin C you consume gets transported to your tissues via body fluids, and any extra gets excreted in your urine (1).

Since your body does not store vitamin C or produce it on its own, it’s important to consume foods that are rich in vitamin C daily (1).

Even at high doses, vitamin C is not known to be toxic or to cause any serious adverse effects. The most common side effects are diarrhea, nausea, abdominal cramps, and other gastrointestinal issues (3).

Still, if you take larger-than-normal doses of this vitamin, your body can have difficulty processing it, and this can potentially lead to negative effects (4).

It’s important to note that vitamin C supplements are usually unnecessary because most people can easily get enough of this vitamin by eating fresh foods, especially fruits and vegetables (1).

Summary

Vitamin C is water-soluble, so it’s not stored within your body. If you consume more than your body needs, you’ll excrete the excess in your urine.

The most common side effect of high vitamin C intake is digestive distress.

In general, these side effects do not occur as a result of eating foods that contain vitamin C. They occur only as a result of taking high doses of vitamin C supplements.

You’re most likely to experience digestive symptoms if you consume more than 2,000 milligrams (mg) at once. Thus, a Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) of 2,000 mg per day has been established (1, 4, 5, 6, 7).

The most common digestive symptoms of excessive vitamin C intake are diarrhea and nausea.

Excessive intake has also been reported to lead to acid reflux, although scientific evidence does not support this (1, 5, 6, 7).

If you’re experiencing digestive problems as a result of taking too much vitamin C, you can simply cut back your supplement dose or avoid vitamin C supplements altogether (5, 6, 7).

Summary

Ingesting more than 2,000 mg of vitamin C per day may lead to gastrointestinal upset, including symptoms like diarrhea and nausea.

Vitamin C is known to enhance iron absorption.

It can bind to non-heme iron, which is found in plant foods. Your body does not absorb non-heme iron as efficiently as heme iron, the type of iron found in animal products (8).

When vitamin C binds with non-heme iron, it makes this iron much easier for your body to absorb. This is an important function, especially for individuals who get most of their iron from plant-based foods (9).

One study found that participants’ iron absorption increased by 67% when they took 100 mg of vitamin C with a meal (10).

However, individuals who have conditions that increase the risk of iron accumulation in the body, such as hemochromatosis, should be cautious with vitamin C supplements.

Under these circumstances, taking vitamin C in excess may lead to iron overload, which can cause serious damage to your heart, liver, pancreas, thyroid, and central nervous system (11, 12, 13).

That said, iron overload is highly unlikely if you don’t have a condition that increases iron absorption. Additionally, iron overload is more likely to occur if you consume excess iron in supplement form.

Summary

Since vitamin C increases iron absorption, consuming too much of it is a concern for individuals with conditions that lead to iron accumulation in the body.

Your body excretes excess vitamin C as oxalate, a waste product.

Oxalate typically exits your body via urine. However, under some circumstances, oxalate may bind to minerals and form crystals that can lead to the formation of kidney stones (14).

Consuming too much vitamin C has the potential to increase the amount of oxalate in your urine, thus increasing your risk of developing kidney stones (15).

In one study, when adults took a 1,000-mg vitamin C supplement twice daily for 6 days, the amount of oxalate they excreted increased by 20% (16).

High vitamin C intake is not only associated with greater amounts of urinary oxalate but also linked to the development of kidney stones, especially if you consume more than 2,000 mg per day (11, 17).

Instances of kidney failure have also been reported in people who have taken more than 2,000 mg in a day. However, this is extremely rare, especially in otherwise healthy people (18).

Summary

Consuming too much vitamin C may increase the amount of oxalate in your kidneys, which has the potential to lead to kidney stones.

Since vitamin C is water-soluble and your body excretes excess amounts within a few hours after you consume it, it’s quite difficult to consume too much.

In fact, it is nearly impossible to get too much vitamin C from your diet alone. In generally healthy people, any extra vitamin C consumed — beyond the Recommended Dietary Allowance — simply gets flushed out of the body (1).

To put it in perspective, you would need to consume 25 oranges or 14 red bell peppers before your intake reached the UL (19, 20).

However, the risks of vitamin C overdose are higher when people take supplements, and it is possible to consume too much of the vitamin in some circumstances.

For example, people who have conditions that increase the risk of iron overload or who are prone to kidney stones should be cautious with their vitamin C intake (11, 12, 17).

All the adverse effects of vitamin C, including digestive distress and kidney stones, appear to occur when people take it in doses greater than 2,000 mg (4).

If you choose to take a vitamin C supplement, it’s best to choose one that contains no more than 100% of your daily needs. That’s 90 mg per day for men and 75 mg per day for women (3).

Summary

It’s nearly impossible to consume too much vitamin C from food. However, if you’re supplementing with this vitamin, you can minimize your risk of getting too much by taking no more than 90 mg per day if you’re a man or 75 mg per day if you’re a woman.

Vitamin C is generally safe for most people.

This is especially true if you get it from foods rather than from supplements.

Individuals who take vitamin C in supplement form are at greater risk of consuming too much of it and experiencing side effects, the most common of which are digestive issues.

However, more serious consequences, such as iron overload and kidney stones, may also result from taking excessive amounts of vitamin C (5).

Fortunately, you can easily prevent these potential side effects by avoiding high dose vitamin C supplements.

Unless you have a vitamin C deficiency, which rarely occurs in generally healthy people, it is probably not necessary for you to take large doses of this vitamin.

The doctor warned about the danger of uncontrolled intake of vitamins

Uncontrolled intake of vitamins and minerals can harm health, experts warn. On the eve of the season of colds, Gazeta.Ru figured out whether it is worth fighting them with vitamin C and why its excess is dangerous.

Fatima Dzgoeva, an endocrinologist at the National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, said that the use of vitamins and minerals can be harmful to health if they are taken without the consent of a doctor.

“Uncontrolled intake of vitamins can be harmful, increases the risk of developing neoplasms.

Thus, excessive iron intake at a certain age can lead to the development of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. In the 21st century, the doctor must observe the patient, see the clinical manifestations – skin color, tongue, mucous membranes. Only then will he be able to tell which vitamins are lacking, or determine hypervitaminosis, ”Dzogoeva said in an interview RT .

In the cold season, many people pay increased attention to vitamin C as a means of preventing and treating colds. Nobel laureate Linus Pauling contributed to this to a large extent (although he received the prize in chemistry). At the end of 19In the 1960s, biochemist Irving Stone, who was the first to use vitamin C as a preservative, suggested that Pauling, who had caught a cold, be treated with high doses of this vitamin.

Stone believed that vitamin C is necessary for all people in high dosages. Scurvy, he believed, was not associated with a lack of vitamin C – this is a consequence of a genetic disease that disrupts biochemical processes in the body. Colleagues were very skeptical of his views, but Pauling followed Stone’s advice.

During the period when Pauling began to use high doses of vitamin C daily, his frequency of colds, which had been bothering him for the last couple of years, decreased.

He attributed this effect to the vitamin.

Pauling was fascinated by vitamin C and its hypothetical effects on health. Despite the lack of hard evidence, he lectured on its benefits and wrote books about it. The scientist even developed his own medical concept, according to which ultra-high doses of vitamins and other substances necessary for maintaining health can be used to treat diseases. Pauling called this approach orthomolecular medicine.

In fact, the prerequisites for such an approach appeared as early as the beginning of the 20th century. However, researchers quickly realized that an excess of vitamins can only cause hypervitaminosis with all the ensuing side effects, and not a miraculous cure. However, adherents of alternative treatment concepts are still trying to practice this method. In particular, such “treatment” is widely distributed among cancer patients.

But Pauling was not convinced by the arguments of his predecessors. In 1973, the Linus Pauling Medical Institute of Science in Palo Alto was founded. For the first two years he was its president and then became a professor there. His books were wildly popular. Soon, first in the United States and then in other countries, people were convinced of the health benefits of excess vitamin C. Pauling, meanwhile, was promoting the idea of ​​using vitamin C to treat cancer.

Pauling died in 1994.

Fortunately, today no one is trying to treat cancer with vitamin C, but you can still hear recommendations from doctors to drink a course of ascorbic acid for a cold or eat foods rich in vitamin C.

Pauling’s idea about the benefits of vitamin C for colds has not been confirmed. There is some evidence that prophylactic vitamin C at 500mg (rather than the 1-2g Pauling advised, and certainly not the 10g he and his wife allegedly took daily) slightly reduces the risk of colds, but does not affect the duration of the disease. However, given the small sample (by the end of the study, less than 250 people remained), the authors of the work recommend interpreting the results with caution.

The use of vitamin C in the treatment of other diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular disease, also failed. The results of double-blind studies show that its administration in such cases affects either neutrally or completely negatively.

The recommended intake of vitamin C for women and men is 75-90 mg per day, for children – 40-65 mg, depending on age. It is found in large quantities in rose hips, black currants, and sea buckthorn. In lemons and oranges, contrary to popular belief, there is not so much of it – two times less than in broccoli.

The most dangerous consequence of vitamin C deficiency is the scurvy mentioned above.

Acute deficiency disrupts collagen synthesis, connective tissue loses its strength. The attachment of the periosteum to the bones and the fixation of the teeth in the sockets are weakened, which leads to their loss. Also, due to the fragility of blood vessels, a characteristic hemorrhagic rash appears on the body.

With a less pronounced lack of vitamin C, there is a decrease in immunity, lethargy, fatigue. It should be remembered that these symptoms are also characteristic of many other conditions – you should not try to cope with them by increasing the doses of vitamin C. It is possible to draw reliable conclusions about its lack in the body only by the results of the examination.

Abuse of vitamin C Dangerous – long-term use of high doses leads to impaired absorption of vitamin B12, increases the concentration of uric acid in the urine, promotes the formation of oxalate kidney stones and increases the concentration of estrogen in the blood of women receiving estrogen preparations.

Vitamin C Effervescent tablets 1000 mg 20 pcs

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Product code:
33143

Manufacturer:
Hemofarm

Country of origin:
Serbia

Release form:
Tablets

Active ingredients:
Ascorbic acid

Order of issue:
Without a prescription

There are contraindications, consult your doctor

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Price:

410 ₽

+4 bonuses

The price is valid only when ordering on the site

There are contraindications, consult a doctor

Manufacturer:
Hemofarm

Country of origin:
Serbia

Release form:
Tablets

Active ingredients:
Ascorbic acid

Dispensing order:
Without prescription

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Description

Effervescent tablets Vitamin C helps to strengthen the immune system, helping the body to resist infections, cleanses blood vessels, making them more elastic, increases their strength, removes cholesterol plaques. Vitamin C has a beneficial effect on the nervous system, helps to overcome depression in the cold season. Vitamin C affects the hematopoietic system, increases the absorption of iron through the digestive tract.

Active ingredients

Ascorbic acid

Release form

Tablets

Composition

Pharmacological effect

Ascorbic acid is a vitamin, has a metabolic effect, is not formed in the human body, but comes only with food. With an unbalanced and inadequate diet, a person experiences a deficiency in ascorbic acid. Participates in the regulation of redox processes, carbohydrate metabolism, blood clotting, tissue regeneration, increases the body’s resistance to infections, reduces vascular permeability, reduces the need for vitamins B1, B2, A, E, folic acid, pantothenic acid. Participates in the metabolism of phenylalanine, tyrosine, folic acid, norepinephrine, histamine, iron, utilization of carbohydrates, synthesis of lipids, proteins, carnitine, immune reactions, hydroxylation of serotonin, enhances the absorption of non-heme iron. It has antiplatelet and pronounced antioxidant properties. Regulates hydrogen transport in many biochemical reactions, improves the use of glucose in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, participates in the formation of tetrahydrofolic acid and tissue regeneration, the synthesis of steroid hormones, collagen, procollagen. Maintains the colloidal state of the intercellular substance and normal capillary permeability (inhibits hyaluronidase). Activates proteolytic enzymes, participates in the exchange of aromatic amino acids, pigments and cholesterol, promotes the accumulation of glycogen in the liver. Due to the activation of respiratory enzymes in the liver, it enhances its detoxification and protein-forming functions, increases the synthesis of prothrombin. Improves bile secretion, restores the exocrine function of the pancreas and the endocrine function of the thyroid. Regulates immunological reactions (activates the synthesis of antibodies, the C3 component of complement, interferon), promotes phagocytosis, increases the body’s resistance to infections. It inhibits the release and accelerates the degradation of histamine, inhibits the formation of prostaglandins and other mediators of inflammation and allergic reactions. In low doses (150-250 mg / day orally) improves the complexing function of deferoxamine in chronic iron intoxication, which leads to increased excretion of the latter.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract (mainly in the jejunum). With an increase in the dose to 200 mg, up to 140 mg (70%) is absorbed, with a further increase in the dose, absorption decreases (50-20%). Communication with plasma proteins – 25%. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer, constipation or diarrhea, helminthic invasion, giardiasis), the use of fresh fruit and vegetable juices, alkaline drinking reduce the absorption of ascorbate in the intestine. The concentration of ascorbic acid in plasma is normally approximately 10-20 μg / ml, body reserves are about 1.5 g when taking daily recommended doses and 2.5 g when taken 200 mg / day, the time to reach Cmax after oral administration is 4 hours. Easily penetrates into leukocytes, platelets, and then into all tissues, the highest concentration is achieved in the glandular organs, leukocytes, liver and lens of the eye, deposited in the posterior pituitary gland, adrenal cortex, ocular epithelium, interstitial cells of the seminal glands, ovaries, liver, spleen, pancreas gland, lungs, kidneys, intestinal wall, heart, muscles, thyroid gland, crosses the placenta. The concentration of ascorbic acid in leukocytes and platelets is higher than in erythrocytes and in plasma. In deficient states, the concentration in leukocytes decreases later and more slowly and is considered as a better criterion for assessing deficiency than plasma concentration. It is metabolized mainly in the liver to deoxyascorbic acid and then to oxaloacetic and diketogulonic acids. It is excreted by the kidneys, through the intestines, with sweat, breast milk in the form of unchanged ascorbate and metabolites. With the appointment of high doses, the rate of excretion increases dramatically. Smoking and the use of ethanol accelerate the destruction of ascorbic acid (transformation into inactive metabolites), sharply reducing stocks in the body. Excreted during hemodialysis.

Indications

Treatment of vitamin C deficiency.

Contraindications

Children under 18 years of age (for this dosage form), with long-term use in high doses (more than 500 mg): diabetes mellitus, hyperoxaluria, nephrolithiasis, hemochromatosis, thalassemia, hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

Precautions

Use with caution in diabetes mellitus, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, hemochromatosis, sideroblastic anemia, thalassemia, hyperoxaluria, oxalosis, urolithiasis.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

The minimum daily requirement for ascorbic acid in the II and III trimesters of pregnancy is about 60 mg. It should be borne in mind that the fetus can adapt to high doses of ascorbic acid taken by a pregnant woman, and then the newborn may develop a withdrawal syndrome. The minimum daily requirement during lactation is 80 mg. A mother’s diet containing an adequate amount of ascorbic acid is sufficient to prevent deficiency in an infant. Theoretically, there is a danger to the child when the mother uses high doses of ascorbic acid (it is recommended not to exceed the daily need for ascorbic acid by the nursing mother).

Dosage and administration

The drug is taken orally after meals. 1 tablet is dissolved in a glass of water (200 ml). Tablets should not be swallowed, chewed or dissolved in the mouth. Treatment of vitamin C deficiency: 1000 mg / day. During pregnancy, the drug is prescribed in the maximum daily dose – 250 mg for 10-15 days.

Side effects

From the side of the central nervous system: with prolonged use of large doses (more than 1000 mg) – headache, increased excitability of the central nervous system, insomnia. On the part of the digestive system: irritation of the gastrointestinal mucosa, with prolonged use of large doses – nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hyperacid gastritis, ulceration of the gastrointestinal mucosa. From the endocrine system: inhibition of the function of the insular apparatus of the pancreas (hyperglycemia, glycosuria). From the urinary system: moderate pollakiuria (when taking a dose of more than 600 mg / day), with prolonged use large doses – hyperoxaluria, nephrolithiasis (from calcium oxalate), damage to the glomerular apparatus of the kidneys. On the part of the cardiovascular system: with prolonged use of large doses – a decrease in capillary permeability (possible deterioration of tissue trophism, increased blood pressure, hypercoagulation, development of microangiopathies). Allergic reactions : skin rash, skin flushing. Laboratory indicators: thrombocytosis, hyperprothrombinemia, erythropenia, neutrophilic leukocytosis, hypokalemia. Others: hypervitaminosis, metabolic disorders, feeling hot, with prolonged use of large doses – sodium and fluid retention, impaired metabolism of zinc, copper.

Overdose

Symptoms: prolonged use of high doses (more than 1000 mg / day) may cause nausea, heartburn, diarrhea, irritation of the gastrointestinal mucosa, flatulence, spastic abdominal pain, frequent urination, nephrolithiasis, insomnia, irritability, hypoglycemia . Treatment: symptomatic, forced diuresis. If any side effects occur, stop taking the drug and consult a doctor.

Interaction with other drugs

Increases the concentration of benzylpenicillin and tetracyclines in the blood, at a dose of 1 g / day increases the bioavailability of ethinyl estradiol (including that which is part of oral contraceptives). It improves the absorption of iron preparations in the intestines (converts ferric iron to ferrous), can increase the excretion of iron when used simultaneously with deferoxamine. Reduces the effectiveness of heparin and indirect anticoagulants. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), oral contraceptives, fresh juices and alkaline drinks reduce the absorption and absorption of ascorbic acid. With simultaneous use with ASA, the excretion of ascorbic acid in the urine increases and the excretion of ASA decreases. ASA reduces the absorption of ascorbic acid by about 30%. Increases the risk of developing crystalluria in the treatment of short-acting salicylates and sulfonamides, slows down the excretion of acids by the kidneys, increases the excretion of drugs that have an alkaline reaction (including alkaloids), reduces the concentration of oral contraceptives in the blood. Increases the overall clearance of ethanol, which, in turn, reduces the concentration of ascorbic acid in the body. Medicines of the quinoline series, calcium chloride, salicylates, glucocorticosteroids with prolonged use deplete the reserves of ascorbic acid. With simultaneous use reduces the chronotropic effect of isoprenaline. With prolonged use or use in high doses, the interaction of disulfiram-ethanol can be disrupted. In high doses, it increases the excretion of mexiletin by the kidneys. Barbiturates and primidone increase the excretion of ascorbic acid in the urine. Reduces the therapeutic effect of neuroleptics – phenothiazine derivatives, tubular reabsorption of amphetamine and tricyclic antidepressants.

Special instructions

Foods rich in ascorbic acid: citrus fruits, herbs, vegetables (peppers, broccoli, cabbage, tomatoes, potatoes). When food is stored (including prolonged freezing, drying, salting, marinating), cooking (especially in copper dishes), chopping vegetables and fruits in salads, mashing, partial destruction of ascorbic acid occurs (up to 30-50% during heat treatment). In connection with the stimulating effect of ascorbic acid on the synthesis of corticosteroid hormones, it is necessary to monitor the function of the adrenal glands and blood pressure. With prolonged use of large doses, inhibition of the function of the insular apparatus of the pancreas is possible, therefore, in the course of treatment, it must be regularly monitored. In patients with high iron content in the body, ascorbic acid should be used in minimal doses. Currently, the effectiveness of the use of ascorbic acid for the prevention of diseases of the cardiovascular system and certain types of malignant tumors is considered unproven. Ascorbic acid is not recommended for use in pyorrhea, infectious gum disease, hemorrhagic phenomena, hematuria, retinal hemorrhage, immune system disorders, depression not associated with vitamin C deficiency. The appointment of ascorbic acid in patients with rapidly proliferating and intensively metastasizing tumors can aggravate the course of the process . Ascorbic acid as a reducing agent can distort the results of various laboratory tests (blood glucose, bilirubin, liver transaminase activity and LDH).

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