Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets – Patient Information Leaflet (PIL)

What is a Patient Information Leaflet and why is it useful?

The Patient Information Leaflet (PIL) is the leaflet included in the pack with a medicine. It is written for patients and gives information about taking or using a medicine. It is possible that the leaflet in your medicine pack may differ from this version because it may have been updated since your medicine was packaged.

Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets

• Keep this leaflet. You may need to read it again.
• If you have any further questions, ask your doctor, pharmacist or nurse.
• This medicine has been prescribed for you only. Do not pass it on to others. It may harm them, even if their signs of illness are the same as yours.
• If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor, pharmacist or nurse. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. See section 4.

1. What Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets are and what they are used for

2. What you need to know before you take Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets

3. How to take Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets

4. Possible side effects

5. How to store Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets

6. Contents of the pack and other information

Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets contain a medicine called aciclovir. This belongs to a group of medicines called antivirals. It works by killing or stopping the growth of viruses.

Aciclovir can be used to

• treat chickenpox and shingles
• treat cold sores, genital herpes and other herpes simplex infections
• stop these problems returning after you have had them
• stop these problems in people whose immune system works less well, which means their bodies are less able to fight infections.

• if you are allergic to aciclovir or valaciclovir or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6).

Do not take Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets if the above applies to you. If you are not sure, talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets.

Talk to your doctor, pharmacist or nurse before taking Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets

• if you have kidney problems
• if you are over 65 years of age

If you are not sure if the above apply to you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets.

It is important that you drink plenty of water while taking Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets

Aciclovir tablets can be used mainly for the treatment of non-severe skin and mucous membranes herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. Your child’s doctor will recommend IV aciclovir for the treatment of neonatal HSV and severe HSV infection, if your child’s immune system is not working properly.

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking, have recently taken or might take any other medicines. This includes medicines obtained without a prescription, including herbal medicines.

In particular tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking any of the following medicines

• probenecid, used to treat gout
• cimetidine, used to treat stomach ulcers
• mycophenolate mofetil, used to stop your body rejecting transplanted organs

If you are pregnant or breast-feeding, think you may be pregnant or are planning to have a baby, ask your doctor or pharmacist for advice before taking this medicine.

Some side effects such as feeling drowsy or sleepy may impair your ability to concentrate and react. Make sure you are not affected before you drive or operate machinery.

Always take this medicine exactly as your doctor or pharmacist has told you.

Check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure.

• Take this medicine by mouth
• Dissolve the tablet in a glass of water and stir before drinking
• If you prefer, the tablet can also be swallowed whole with a little water.
• Start to take Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets as soon as possible.

The dose that you should take will depend on what you have been given Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets for. Your doctor will discuss this with you.

• The usual dose is one 800 mg tablet taken five times a day
• You should space your dose by at least four hours
• Suggested times are: 7am, 11am, 3pm, 7pm and 11pm
• You should take Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets for seven days.

• The usual dose is one 200 mg tablet taken five times a day
• You should space your dose by at least four hours
• Suggested times are: 7am, 11am, 3pm, 7pm and 11pm
• You should take Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets for five days, or longer if your doctor tells you to.

• The usual dose is one 200 mg tablet taken four times a day
• You should try to space each dose by 6 hours
• You should take Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets until your doctor tells you to stop.

• The usual dose is one 200 mg tablet taken four times a day
• You should try to space each dose by 6 hours
• You should take Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets until your doctor tells you to stop.

• it is for a child
• you are over 65 years of age
• you have kidney problems. If you have kidney problems, it is important to drink plenty of water while you are being treated with Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets

Talk to your doctor before taking Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets if any of the above apply.

Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets are not usually harmful, unless you take too much over several days. Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you take too much Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets. Take the medicine pack with you.

• If you forget to take Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is nearly time for your next dose, skip the missed dose.
• Do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten dose.

Like all medicines, this medicine can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.

If any of the following happen, stop taking Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets and tell your doctor immediately or go to the casualty department at your nearest hospital.

Allergic reactions (may affect up to 1 in 1,000 people)

If you have an allergic reaction, stop taking Aciclovir 800 mg Tablets and see a doctor straight away. The signs may include:

• rash, itching or hives on your skin
• swelling of your face, lips, tongue or other parts of your body
• shortness of breath, wheezing or trouble breathing
• collapse

Common (may affect up to 1 in 10 people)

• headache
• feeling dizzy
• feeling or being sick
• diarrhoea
• stomach pains
• rash
• skin reaction after exposure to light (photosensitivity)
• itching
• feeling tired
• unexplained fever (high temperature) and feeling faint, especially when standing up.

Uncommon (may affect up to 1 in 100 people)

• itchy, hive-like rash
• hair loss.

Rare (may affect up to 1 in 1,000 people)

• effects on some blood and urine tests
• increases in the enzymes that work in the liver.

Very rare (may affect up to 1 in 10,000 people)

• reduced numbers of red blood cells (anaemia)
• reduced numbers of white blood cells (leukopenia)
• reduced numbers of blood platelets (cells that help blood to clot) (thrombocytopenia)
• feeling weak
• feeling agitated or confused
• shaking or tremors
• hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that aren’t there)
• fits
• feeling unusually sleepy or drowsy
• unsteadiness when walking and lack of coordination
• difficulty speaking
• inability to think or judge clearly
• unconsciousness (coma)
• paralysis of part or all of your body
• disturbances of behaviour, speech and eye movements
• stiff neck and sensitivity to light
• inflammation of the liver (hepatitis)
• yellowing of your skin and whites of your eyes (jaundice)
• kidney problems where you pass little or no urine
• pain in your lower back, the kidney area of your back or just above your hip (renal pain).

If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet.

You can also report side effects directly via the Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store. By reporting side effects you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine

Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children.

Do not use this medicine after the expiry date which is stated on the blister and the carton. The expiry date refers to the last day of that month.

Do not throw away any medicines via wastewater or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to throw away medicines you no longer use. These measures will help protect the environment.

Aciclovir Tablets are available in three different strengths:

However, this leaflet applies only to 800 mg strength.

The active substance is Aciclovir. Each tablet contains 800 mg of Aciclovir.

The other ingredients are:

Magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium starch glycollate, pregelatinised starch and colloidal anhydrous silica.

Aciclovir 800 mg tablets are capsule shaped biconvex uncoated white to off-white tablets with “800” debossed on one side and “ACV” on the other side.

Aciclovir Tablets are available in packs of 35, 60 and 100 tablets.

Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

Marketing Authorisation Holder:

Ranbaxy (UK) Limited
5^th floor
Hyde Park
Hayes 3
11 Millington Road
Hayes
UB3 4AZ
United Kingdom

Manufacturers:

Terapia S.A.
124 Fabricii Street
400632 Cluj-Napoca
Cluj
Romania

Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Europe BV
Polarisavenue 87
2132 JH Hoofddorp
The Netherlands

This leaflet was last revised in October2019.

Art. 61(3)

Zovirax (acyclovir) dosing, indications, interactions, adverse effects, and more

ratio-Acyclovir – Uses, Side Effects, Interactions

How does this medication work? What will it do for me?

Acyclovir belongs to the family of medications known as antivirals. Acyclovir is used to treat and prevent genital herpes. It is also used for the acute treatment of herpes zoster (shingles) and varicella (chickenpox). All these infections are caused by viruses. Acyclovir helps healing by stopping the virus from multiplying and spreading to nearby healthy cells.

This medication may be available under multiple brand names and/or in several different forms. Any specific brand name of this medication may not be available in all of the forms or approved for all of the conditions discussed here. As well, some forms of this medication may not be used for all of the conditions discussed here.

Your doctor may have suggested this medication for conditions other than those listed in these drug information articles. If you have not discussed this with your doctor or are not sure why you are taking this medication, speak to your doctor. Do not stop taking this medication without consulting your doctor.

Do not give this medication to anyone else, even if they have the same symptoms as you do. It can be harmful for people to take this medication if their doctor has not prescribed it.

What form(s) does this medication come in?

200 mg
Each blue, round, single-scored, biconvex compressed tablet imprinted “ACV 200” on one side contains 200 mg of acyclovir. Nonmedicinal ingredients: cellulose, indigotine, lactose, magnesium stearate, povidone, and sodium starch glycolate.

400 mg
Each pink, round, single-scored, biconvex compressed tablet imprinted “ACV 400” on one side contains 400 mg of acyclovir. Nonmedicinal ingredients: cellulose, magnesium stearate, povidone, red iron oxide, and sodium starch glycolate.

800 mg
Each blue, oval, biconvex, elongated, single-scored compressed tablet imprinted “ACV 800” on one side contains 800 mg of acyclovir. Nonmedicinal ingredients: cellulose, indigotine, magnesium stearate, povidone, and sodium starch glycolate.

How should I use this medication?

Genital herpes: The usual recommended adult dose for treating genital herpes is 200 mg every 4 hours, 5 times daily for 10 days. The usual recommended adult dose for preventing genital herpes infection from coming back (called suppressive therapy) varies but usually starts at 200 mg 3 times daily. You should start acyclovir as early as possible following the onset of signs and symptoms.

Shingles: The recommended dose for treating shingles is 800 mg every 4 hours, 5 times daily for 7 to 10 days. Treatment should be started within 48 hours of onset of the rash or lesions for maximum benefit, however it may be started as late as 72 hours after lesions begin to form.

Chickenpox: The recommended dose for chickenpox is based on body weight. The usual dose is 20 mg per kilogram of body weight (not to exceed 800 mg) 4 times daily for 5 days. Therapy should be started within 24 hours of onset of the rash.

Tablets should be swallowed whole, with water.  If you are using the suspension, the bottle should be shaken well before use. Use an oral syringe to measure each dose of the suspension, as it gives a more accurate measurement than household teaspoons.

Many things can affect the dose of a medication that a person needs, such as body weight, other medical conditions, and other medications. If your doctor has recommended a dose different from the ones listed here, do not change the way that you are taking the medication without consulting your doctor.

It is important to take this medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible and continue with your regular schedule. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. If you are not sure what to do after missing a dose, contact your doctor or pharmacist for advice.

Store this medication at room temperature, protect it from light and moisture, and keep it out of the reach of children.

Do not dispose of medications in wastewater (e.g. down the sink or in the toilet) or in household garbage. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medications that are no longer needed or have expired.

Who should NOT take this medication?

Do not take acyclovir if you are allergic to acyclovir, valacyclovir, or any of the ingredients of the medication.

What side effects are possible with this medication?

Many medications can cause side effects. A side effect is an unwanted response to a medication when it is taken in normal doses. Side effects can be mild or severe, temporary or permanent.

The side effects listed below are not experienced by everyone who takes this medication. If you are concerned about side effects, discuss the risks and benefits of this medication with your doctor.

The following side effects have been reported by at least 1% of people taking this medication. Many of these side effects can be managed, and some may go away on their own over time.

Contact your doctor if you experience these side effects and they are severe or bothersome. Your pharmacist may be able to advise you on managing side effects.

• diarrhea
• dizziness
• general feeling of discomfort or illness
• hair loss
• headache
• increased sensitivity to sun (photosensitivity)
• lack of energy
• nausea
• skin rash
• tingling, pricking, or numbness
• upset stomach
• vomiting
• weakness

Although most of the side effects listed below don’t happen very often, they could lead to serious problems if you do not seek medical attention.

Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:

• agitation
• confusion
• fever
• hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that aren’t really there)
• lack of coordination
• shortness of breath
• signs of clotting problems (e.g., unusual nosebleeds, bruising, blood in urine, coughing blood,  bleeding gums, cuts that don’t stop bleeding)
• signs of kidney failure (e.g., side pain between ribs and hip, decreased urine production, swelling, fatigue, abdominal pain)
• signs of liver problems (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, yellowing of the skin or whites of the eyes, dark urine, pale stools)

Stop taking the medication and seek immediate medical attention if any of the following occur:

• symptoms of a serious allergic reaction (such as swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat; skin rash; hives; or difficulty breathing)

Some people may experience side effects other than those listed. Check with your doctor if you notice any symptom that worries you while you are taking this medication.

Are there any other precautions or warnings for this medication?

Before you begin using a medication, be sure to inform your doctor of any medical conditions or allergies you may have, any medications you are taking, whether you are pregnant or breast-feeding, and any other significant facts about your health. These factors may affect how you should use this medication.

Drowsiness/reduced alertness: Acyclovir may affect the mental or physical abilities needed to drive or operate machinery. Avoid driving, operating machinery, or performing other hazardous tasks until you have determined how this medication affects you.

Genital herpes: To reduce the risk of spreading the virus, wash your hands immediately after touching your skin sores. You should avoid intimate contact when live lesions are visible on your skin. The herpes virus can still be spread even when you do not have blisters or sores.

Kidney function: Kidney disease or reduced kidney function may cause this medication to build up in the body, causing side effects. If you have reduced kidney function or kidney disease, discuss with your doctor how this medication may affect your medical condition, how your medical condition may affect the dosing and effectiveness of this medication, and whether any special monitoring is needed.

People with reduced kidney function generally require a lower dose of this medication.

Long-term use: The effect of long-term use of this medication has not been established. Your doctor may periodically stop your medication to reassess your need for continuous treatment.

Pregnancy: This medication is not recommended for use during pregnancy unless your doctor has determined that the benefits outweigh the risks. If you become pregnant while taking this medication, contact your doctor immediately.

Breast-feeding: This medication passes into breast milk. If you are a breast-feeding mother and are taking acyclovir, it may affect your baby. Talk to your doctor about whether you should continue breast-feeding.

Children: The safety and effectiveness of using this medication have not been established for children less than 2 years of age.

Seniors: Seniors are more likely to have reduced kidney function and therefore are at greater risk of experiencing the side effects of acyclovir. Lower doses may be needed.

What other drugs could interact with this medication?

There may be an interaction between acyclovir and any of the following:

• foscarnet
• mycophenolate
• tenofovir
• tizanidine
• varicella virus (shingles) vaccine
• zidovudine
• zoster (chicken pox) vaccine

If you are taking any of these medications, speak with your doctor or pharmacist. Depending on your specific circumstances, your doctor may want you to:

• stop taking one of the medications,
• change one of the medications to another,
• change how you are taking one or both of the medications, or
• leave everything as is.

An interaction between two medications does not always mean that you must stop taking one of them. Speak to your doctor about how any drug interactions are being managed or should be managed.

Medications other than those listed above may interact with this medication. Tell your doctor or prescriber about all prescription, over-the-counter (non-prescription), and herbal medications you are taking. Also tell them about any supplements you take. Since caffeine, alcohol, the nicotine from cigarettes, or street drugs can affect the action of many medications, you should let your prescriber know if you use them.

All material copyright MediResource Inc. 1996 – 2021. Terms and conditions of use. The contents herein are for informational purposes only. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Source: www.medbroadcast.com/drug/getdrug/ratio-Acyclovir

Acyclovir – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

Continuing Education Activity

Acyclovir is a medication used in the management and treatment of infections caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). It is FDA approved to treat genital herpes and HSV encephalitis. Some off-label uses include cold sores, shingles, and chickenpox. It is in the antiviral class of medications. This activity outlines the indications, action, pharmacology, and contraindications for acyclovir as a valuable agent in the treatment of HSV and varicella-zoster-caused diseases.

Objectives:

• Summarize acyclovir’s mechanism of action.

• Explain the adverse effects of acyclovir.

• Review the correct administration and necessary monitoring of acyclovir when giving it to a patient.

• Describe the fundamental interprofessional approach when administering acyclovir as part of an interprofessional team administering patient care.

Access free multiple choice questions on this topic.

Indications

Acyclovir is an agent used to treat infections caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). It is FDA approved to treat genital herpes and HSV encephalitis. Non-FDA-approved indications are mucocutaneous HSV, herpes zoster (shingles), and varicella-zoster (chickenpox).[1][2] Acyclovir is the first-line treatment for HSV encephalitis. Currently, there are no other medications indicated for the treatment of this condition.[3]

Despite the long-term use of acyclovir to treat HSV encephalitis, there has not been a systematic review regarding the efficacy of this disease/treatment combination. Current systematic reviews to address its safety and efficacy are currently ongoing, with the primary outcome being the mortality rate. A secondary outcome measure is the quality of life.[4]

HSV keratitis has been shown to respond to oral acyclovir and topical steroids in pediatric patients.[5]

In patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), acyclovir is sometimes used to treat eczema herpeticum. It is also used to prevent infections of the skin, eyes, nose, and mouth. Eczema herpeticum is rare but rapidly progressive if untreated. Those with extensive involvement, systemic symptoms, or decreased oral intake should undergo admission for intravenous acyclovir treatment.[6] Also, acyclovir treats oral hairy leukoplakia.[7][8]

Acyclovir has been proven useful in treating myelopathy secondary to varicella-zoster infection. In a small case series, researching patients from 1994 to 2014 with laboratory-confirmed varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and MRI confirmed myelopathy, marked improvement of symptoms was the outcome in most patients within two months.[9]

Brachial plexus neuritis secondary to VZV infection and visceral disseminated VZV infection (characteristic features are abdominal and absence of skin lesions) has also responded to acyclovir, alleviating all symptoms.[10]

In recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster reactivation may respond to treatment with acyclovir prophylaxis. Prophylactic use of acyclovir should be considered in HSV-1 and HSV-2-seropositive organ recipients, as well.[11] Diseases from such viruses have decreased secondary to this intervention. However, a breakthrough infection may occur. Not surprisingly, HSV and VZV infection is not uncommon in patients that have discontinued acyclovir prophylaxis.[12]

Another form of prophylactic acyclovir use is juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. In a prospective observational study involving 21 patients, oral acyclovir was a postoperative adjuvant. It was shown to decrease the recurrence of papillomas and thus decrease the need for successive surgeries and associated operative risks.[13]

VZV infections have many complications, including cerebellitis. Treating the source infection has been shown to decrease the complication burden as well. A 2019 case report, for instance, describes a patient presenting with truncal ataxia. After intravenous acyclovir treatment, the patient was free of neurologic disability and cerebellitis. [14] Similarly, paresis secondary to dermatomal herpes zoster infections has been shown to respond to oral acyclovir; this is a rare complication of herpes zoster when the virus affects motor nerve fibers in addition to/instead of the dorsal root ganglion.[15]

Mechanism of Action

Acyclovir is an antiviral agent that incorporates itself into viral DNA preventing further synthesis. It inhibits DNA synthesis and viral replication after it is converted to acyclovir triphosphate by viral and cellular enzymes. Acyclovir is a synthetic purine nucleoside analog that demonstrates in vitro and in vivo inhibitory activity against both herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSV-1), 2 (HSV-2), and varicella-zoster virus.[16]

Administration

Acyclovir administration may be oral or intravenous.

For limited mucocutaneous lesions, acyclovir administration can be via the oral route. In cases in which there is disseminated, visceral or CNS involvement, the acyclovir administration should be intravenous.[11]

When taken orally, acyclovir may be taken with or without food 2 to 5 times a day for 5 to 10 days as well as up to 12 months to prevent outbreaks of genital herpes.

Intravenous administration should be done via IV infusion only, over 1 hour, at a constant rate to prevent renal damage. Medication should be in a diluted D5W solution or 0.9% NaCl to a final concentration of less than or equal to 7 mg/mL.

The following is a non-exhaustive list of dosing regimens:

Adverse Effects

Most commonly, patients experience malaise.

Less commonly, patients experience inflammation or phlebitis at the infusion site, nausea, vomiting, transaminitis, and rash (including Steven-Johnson syndrome) when taken intravenously. Rotating infusion sites and decreasing final infusion concentration to less than 10 mg/mL can help prevent inflammation/phlebitis at the infusion site.[17][18] Patients also may experience nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache when taken orally.

Least commonly, patients experience abdominal pain, aggression/confusion, agitation, alopecia, anaphylaxis, anemia, angioedema, anorexia, ataxia, coma, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), dizziness, and fatigue.

In certain pediatric patients, acyclovir has been shown to decrease hemoglobin concentrations and the absolute neutrophil count.

Contraindications

The only absolute contraindication to acyclovir is hypersensitivity.

Cautions include renal failure/impairment, immunocompromised host, potential risk of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)).

Regarding pregnancy and lactation, acyclovir has been shown to cross the placenta. Acyclovir’s manufacturer recommends caution with use during pregnancy as well as only using it when necessary and indicated, as there have only been a few studies conducted. Specifically, cases of HSV hepatitis have received treatment during pregnancy. Although rare, this condition can become disseminated and fatal in pregnant patients. Although all 56 patients studied had transaminitis, only 18.2% had a vesicular rash. For patients that were treated with acyclovir empirically, it conferred no risks to the fetus.[19] Acyclovir also has been shown to enter breast milk but is generally considered compatible with breastfeeding.[20] 

Monitoring

Patients should be monitored for adverse effects such as malaise, inflammation or phlebitis at the infusion site, nausea, vomiting, rash (including Steven-Johnson syndrome), transaminitis, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, abdominal pain, aggression/confusion, agitation, alopecia, anaphylaxis, anemia, angioedema, anorexia, ataxia, coma, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), dizziness and fatigue.

Toxicity

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most significant side effect of parenteral acyclovir administration. The incidence of AKI is comparable to other nephrotoxic medications such as aminoglycosides. Patients with CKD are at higher risk. Dose adjustment of acyclovir for ideal body weight and baseline renal function is imperative.[21] A study regarding the pharmacokinetics of acyclovir demonstrated that a patient’s glomerular filtration and tubular secretion contribute to its renal excretion.[22]

Also, a recent retrospective case-control study over four years showed a statistically significant association between obesity and nephrotoxicity (odds ratio 3.2, 95% CI 1.19 to 8.67). Similarly, and not surprisingly, researchers observed a similar association between those receiving concomitant vancomycin (odds ratio 4.73, 95% CI, 1.57 to 14.25). Appropriate cautions are necessary when administering intravenous acyclovir to such higher-risk patients.[23]

Enhancing Healthcare Team Outcomes

Administering intravenous acyclovir requires interprofessional effort and communication. It is not a benign drug, having potential side effects such as phlebitis, hypersensitivity, and AKI. Therefore, pharmacists, physicians, and nurses must work together to achieve adequate and non-toxic dosing. Clinicians (MDs, DOs, NPs, PAs) will make the initial decision to use acyclovir. Dose adjustments for ideal body weight and baseline renal function are necessary, and the pharmacist should coordinate this with nurses and clinicians for inpatients. Also, patients must undergo monitoring for signs/symptoms of hypersensitivity and phlebitis, specifically at the infusion site; this is where nurses will be best positioned to inform the rest of the healthcare team should there be any issues of concern. Interprofessional teamwork between each healthcare provider for a patient can help minimize and prevent the adverse effects of intravenous administration of acyclovir.[21] [Level V]

References

1.

Ahronowitz I, Fox LP. Herpes zoster in hospitalized adults: Practice gaps, new evidence, and remaining questions. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018 Jan;78(1):223-230.e3. [PubMed: 29146146]

2.

Gori N, Caldarola G, De Simone C, Moretta G, Peris K. Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma following herpes zoster infection. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2019 Sep;33(9):e334-e335. [PubMed: 30980767]

3.

Stahl JP, Mailles A. Herpes simplex virus encephalitis update. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2019 Jun;32(3):239-243. [PubMed: 30921087]

4.

Wang W, Ji M. Efficacy of acyclovir for herpes simplex encephalitis: A protocol for a systematic review of randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Apr;98(15):e15254. [PMC free article: PMC6485799] [PubMed: 30985731]

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Bodack MI. Case Series: Pediatric Herpes Simplex Keratitis. Optom Vis Sci. 2019 Mar;96(3):221-226. [PubMed: 30801497]

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Ozcan A, Kahale K, Nguyen D. An 8-Month-Old Girl With Vesicular Rash. Glob Pediatr Health. 2019;6:2333794X19838526. [PMC free article: PMC6442073] [PubMed: 30956997]

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Ljubojević Hadžavdić S, Kovačević M, Skerlev M, Zekan Š. Genital Herpes Zoster as Possible Indicator of HIV Infection. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat. 2018 Dec;26(4):337-338. [PubMed: 30665486]

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Frimpong P, Amponsah EK, Abebrese J, Kim SM. Oral manifestations and their correlation to baseline CD4 count of HIV/AIDS patients in Ghana. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2017 Feb;43(1):29-36. [PMC free article: PMC5342969] [PubMed: 28280707]

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Farhat N, Daoud S, Hdiji O, Sakka S, Damak M, Mhiri C. Myelopathy after zoster virus infection in immunocompetent patients: A case series. J Spinal Cord Med. 2021 Mar;44(2):334-338. [PMC free article: PMC7952078] [PubMed: 31013469]

10.

Lee S, Tsukasaki H, Yamauchi T. Visceral disseminated varicella zoster virus infection with brachial plexus neuritis detected by fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography. J Infect Chemother. 2019 Jul;25(7):556-558. [PubMed: 30879980]

11.

Lee DH, Zuckerman RA., AST Infectious Diseases Community of Practice. Herpes simplex virus infections in solid organ transplantation: Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice. Clin Transplant. 2019 Sep;33(9):e13526. [PubMed: 30859647]

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Dadwal SS. Herpes Virus Infections Other than Cytomegalovirus in the Recipients of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2019 Jun;33(2):467-484. [PubMed: 31005137]

13.

Mitra S, Das A, Ghosh D, Sengupta A. Postoperative Systemic Acyclovir in Juvenile-Onset Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis: The Outcome. Ear Nose Throat J. 2019 Jan;98(1):28-31. [PubMed: 30834790]

14.

Cross CP, English SW, Krause MA, Zalewski NL. Acute truncal ataxia in a healthy adult with varicella zoster virus cerebellitis: A case report and literature review. J Neurol Sci. 2019 May 15;400:186-187. [PubMed: 30981122]

15.

Yu YH, Lin Y, Sun PJ. Segmental zoster abdominal paresis mimicking an abdominal hernia: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Apr;98(15):e15037. [PMC free article: PMC6485826] [PubMed: 30985652]

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Kukhanova MK, Korovina AN, Kochetkov SN. Human herpes simplex virus: life cycle and development of inhibitors. Biochemistry (Mosc). 2014 Dec;79(13):1635-52. [PubMed: 25749169]

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Le A, Patel S. Extravasation of Noncytotoxic Drugs: A Review of the Literature. Ann Pharmacother. 2014 Jul;48(7):870-886. [PubMed: 24714850]

18.

Yorulmaz A, Sahin EB, Sener M, Kulcu Cakmak S. Acyclovir-induced bullous reaction in a patient with metastatic breast cancer. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2017 Mar;36(1):85-87. [PubMed: 26911608]

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McCormack AL, Rabie N, Whittemore B, Murphy T, Sitler C, Magann E. HSV Hepatitis in Pregnancy: A Review of the Literature. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2019 Feb;74(2):93-98. [PubMed: 30756123]

20.

Charlier C, Le Mercier D, Salomon LJ, Ville Y, Kermorvant-Duchemin E, Frange P, Postaire M, Lortholary O, Lecuit M, Leruez-Ville M. [Varicella-zoster virus and pregnancy]. Presse Med. 2014 Jun;43(6 Pt 1):665-75. [PubMed: 24863663]

21.

Ryan L, Heed A, Foster J, Valappil M, Schmid ML, Duncan CJA. Acute kidney injury (AKI) associated with intravenous aciclovir in adults: Incidence and risk factors in clinical practice. Int J Infect Dis. 2018 Sep;74:97-99. [PubMed: 30048817]

22.

de Miranda P, Whitley RJ, Blum MR, Keeney RE, Barton N, Cocchetto DM, Good S, Hemstreet GP, Kirk LE, Page DA, Elion GB. Acyclovir kinetics after intravenous infusion. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1979 Dec;26(6):718-28. [PubMed: 227639]

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Barber KE, Wagner JL, Stover KR. Impact of Obesity on Acyclovir-Induced Nephrotoxicity. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2019 Apr;6(4):ofz121. [PMC free article: PMC6475582] [PubMed: 31024972]

Drug – Zovirax (800 mg) 800mg – 5 Tablets Tablet   (Acyclovir) Price List or Cost of Medication

Drug information on Zovirax (800 mg) (Acyclovir) from GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals Ltd

Drug Name : Acyclovir

Acyclovir is an antiviral agent used to treat cold sores around the mouth caused by the herpes simplex virus, chickenpox, and shingles. It is also used to treat or prevent genital herpes mainly the repeat outbreaks of the disease.

More Info about Acyclovir

Other Trade Names for Acyclovir

India : 

More…

International : 

Zovirax, Acycloguanosine

Medindia currently has information on 3080 generic drugs and 110,058 brands that have their prices listed. New drugs with their prices are listed as and when they get approved by the drug controller. Please do write to us ([email protected]) if a drug is missing from our comprehensive drug price list.

Medical Condition(s) for which Zovirax (800 mg) may be prescribed

•   General :
Severe allergic reactions, fever, headache, pain, difficulty sleeping, angioedema and swelling in your hands or feet.

•   Central Nervous System :
Aggressive behavior, agitation, unsteadiness, coma, confusion, decreased consciousness, confusion, dizziness, hallucinations, numbness, burning, or tingling in the arms or legs, epilepsy, drowsiness and tremors.

•   Gastrointestinal :
Diarrhea, gastrointestinal distress, vomiting and nausea.

•   Blood :
Anemia, decrease in white blood cells and platelets.

•   Liver
Elevated liver function tests, liver inflammation and jaundice.

•   Musculoskeletal :
Muscle pain, temporary inability to move parts of your body.

•   Skin :
Hair loss, redness, itching, pale skin, rash or blisters and hives.

•   Eye :
Visual abnormalities.

•   Genitourinary :
Kidney failure, elevated blood urea nitrogen levels, blood in urine and urinating less than usual or not at all.

Acute Treatment of Herpes Zoster: 800 mg every 4 hours orally, 5 times daily for 7 to 10 days.


Genital Herpes: Treatment of Initial Genital Herpes: 200 mg every 4 hours, 5 times daily for 10 days.


Chronic Suppressive Therapy for Recurrent Disease: 400 mg 2 times daily for up to 12 months, followed by re-evaluation.


Treatment of Chickenpox: Children (2 years of age and older): 20 mg/kg per dose orally 4 times daily (80 mg/kg/day) for 5 days.


Adults and Children over 40 kg: 800 mg 4 times daily for 5 days.

It comes as a tablet, suspension to take by mouth, with or without food. It comes as cream, ointment to apply over the affected area. It also comes as a solution for injection to be administered by a healthcare provider into the vein.

Hypersensitivity.

• It may cause sunburn easily, avoid exposure to sunlight or wear proper clothes.

•
Caution should be exercised in patients with history of kidney disease, any allergy, during pregnancy and breast-feeding.

•
It may lead to dehydration, drink adequate water or liquid.

•
It may cause dizziness, drowsiness or lightheadedness, do not drive a car or operate machinery while taking this medication.

•
After applying this medication wash your hands thoroughly to prevent passage of infection to others.

•
Avoid intercourse or use condom to prevent the spread of virus.

Avoid contact with eyes and excess dosage.


Avoid alcohol consumption.

Store it at room temperature (15° to 25°C) and protect from moisture.

Schedule : H  Prescription drugs – Drugs to be sold only under the prescription of a Registered Medical Practitioner.

Two-Day Regimen of Acyclovir for Treatment of Recurrent Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection | Clinical Infectious Diseases

Abstract

The standard course of antiviral therapy for recurrent genital herpes requires administration of multiple doses of medication for 5 days. To assess the efficacy of a shorter course of antiviral therapy, patients with recurrent genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of acyclovir (800 mg given by mouth 3 times per day [t.i.d.]) for 2 days. Of 131 people enrolled in the study, 84 (51 women and 33 men) were observed for ⩾1 recurrence and 65 were observed for 2 recurrences, for which the patient was administered the same study drug (acyclovir or placebo). Acyclovir therapy (800 mg given by mouth t.i.d. for 2 days) significantly reduced the duration of lesions (median for acyclovir versus placebo, 4 days versus 6 days; P = .001), episode (4 days versus 6 days; P < .001), and viral shedding (25 hours versus 58.5 hours; P = .04), and it increased the proportion of aborted episodes (P = .029). A 2-day course of acyclovir is a convenient alternative for treatment of recurrent genital herpes.

Antiviral therapy for recurrent genital herpes decreases the duration of lesions, discomfort, and viral shedding [1]. To date, such regimens require multiple daily doses administered for 5 days. This dosing pattern was based on the administration of therapy until clinical healing of lesions was noted. However, the duration of viral replication in most lesions caused by recurrent infection in immunocompetent people is short. Therefore, we undertook a study to evaluate whether a shorter regimen of antiviral medication would also decrease the duration of a recurrent genital herpes episode.

Patients and Methods

Participants and study protocols. Healthy adult men and women with recurrent genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection were recruited at the University of Washington Virology Research Clinic (Seattle). Entry criteria included a history of ⩾3 recurrences in the 12 months before study entry. Potential subjects who had been receiving suppressive antiviral therapy were required to have had a history of ⩾6 recurrences in the year before initiating suppressive therapy, and ⩾2 recurrences within 3 months of discontinuing suppressive therapy.

The trial was randomized, double blind, and placebo controlled. Patients who met the entry criteria were randomized in a 1 : 1 ratio to receive either acyclovir (800 mg given by mouth [po] t.i.d.; the acyclovir group) or matching placebo (the placebo group) for 2 days. The same medication was dispensed for the first and second recurrence during the study. This study design was chosen so that the mean of the results from both recurrences could be used as a unit of analysis. This allowed us to recruit fewer patients than would have been required had each person been observed through only 1 recurrence.

For each episode, each participant was given 3 doses of study medication and a diary card. Subjects were asked to start use of the study medication as soon as possible, but not more than 12 h after the first signs or symptoms of a genital herpes recurrence, and to return to the clinic within 24 h. At that time, herpes recurrence was confirmed by means of a clinical examination and viral culture, and the remaining 3 doses of medication were dispensed. Patients returned to the clinic for subsequent evaluations on days 2, 3, 5, and 7 after starting treatment, and then every other day thereafter until the lesions healed. Patients were instructed on how to obtain samples for viral culture twice per day, at home, any morning or evening they were not seen in the clinic, and at the initiation of therapy. The times at which samples were obtained for viral cultures, medications were taken, and that lesions healed and symptoms resolved were noted on the diary card. Each patient was observed for up to 2 sequential recurrences. The study protocol was approved by the University of Washington Human Subjects Review Committee, and all participants provided written consent before any study procedures were begun.

The Western blot test was used to detect antibodies to HSV type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 in serum samples [2]. Viral isolation was performed as described elsewhere [3], and all isolates were typed with use of monoclonal antibodies.

Statistical analysis. In an intent-to-treat analysis, we included all subjects who initiated use of the study medication for ⩾1 genital herpes recurrence. The following efficacy parameters were examined: aborted episode (defined as symptoms that did not progress beyond macular stage), lesion duration (defined as days with papules, blisters, ulcers, or crusts), episode duration (defined as days from beginning of prodrome or appearance of lesions to cessation of all symptoms), episodes with viral shedding (defined as isolation of HSV at least once during the episode), and duration of viral shedding (defined as time from initiation of therapy to the first negative culture result after the last positive culture result). For aborted episodes and episodes with viral shedding, person-level counts were used as the unit of measurement (i.e., 0, 1 of 2, or all episodes with any shedding). For patients observed for 1 recurrence, the observed value was used for duration measurements, and for patients observed for 2 recurrences, the mean of the 2 values was used.

The χ², Fisher’s exact, and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare the outcomes of treated and untreated groups. All statistical tests were 2-tailed, and significance was set at P < .05. Time to next recurrence was calculated from the time the first recurrence healed to the first sign or symptom of the next recurrence. Time to symptom resolution, lesion healing, and cessation of viral shedding in the patients in the 2 arms were compared by use of Cox regression models. These models were stratified by the patients’ sex, because the patients’ sex did not satisfy the proportional hazard assumption.

Results

One hundred thirty-one persons (81 women and 50 men) were enrolled into the study. Of these 131 persons, 84 (51 women and 33 men) were observed for ⩾1 recurrence, and 65 (40 women and 25 men) were observed for 2 recurrences. The median age of persons observed through a recurrence was 33.5 years (range, 20–73 years), and 78 persons (93%) were white (table 1). None of the patients reported adverse events, including allergic reactions.

Table 1

Demographic characteristics and histories of herpes infection for 84 patients who experienced ⩾1 recurrence during the comparative study of acyclovir (800 mg given by mouth t.i.d.) versus placebo.

Table 1

Demographic characteristics and histories of herpes infection for 84 patients who experienced ⩾1 recurrence during the comparative study of acyclovir (800 mg given by mouth t.i.d.) versus placebo.

Acyclovir therapy (800 mg po t.i.d. for 2 days) significantly reduced the duration of lesions, symptoms, and viral shedding in patients with recurrent genital herpes (tables 2 and 3). The median duration of lesions was 4 days in the acyclovir group and 6 days in the placebo group, with a hazard ratio of 1.98 (95% CI, 1.22–3.22) for faster clearing of lesions in the acyclovir group (figure 1A). The median duration of all episode symptoms was 4 days in the acyclovir group and 6 days in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.33–3.35; figure 1B). Men differed from women with regard to the duration of lesions and the duration of all episode symptoms: both durations were longer for men, and the estimated effect of the antiviral therapy was less pronounced in men (table 3).

Table 2

Comparison of clinical and virological outcomes among subjects who received either acyclovir (800 mg given by mouth t.i.d.) or placebo for 2 days.

Table 2

Comparison of clinical and virological outcomes among subjects who received either acyclovir (800 mg given by mouth t.i.d.) or placebo for 2 days.

Table 3

Hazard ratios for duration of episode and lesion healing time, stratified by sex.

Table 3

Hazard ratios for duration of episode and lesion healing time, stratified by sex.

Ten (27%) of 37 people in the acyclovir group had 1 or 2 episodes with aborted lesions, compared with 5 (10.6%) of 47 people in the placebo group (P = .029, by the χ² test for linear trend for all, some, or no aborted lesion episodes). HSV-2 was isolated from 9 participants (24.3%) randomized to receive acyclovir and from 21 participants (44.7%) randomized to receive placebo (P = .10, by the χ² test for linear trend for all, some, or no viral shedding). For the 30 patients with ⩾1 positive culture result, the median duration of viral shedding was 25 h among patients receiving acyclovir and 58.5 h among patients receiving placebo (P = .04; table 2; figure 1C).

To ascertain whether acyclovir administration for 2 days does not result in rapid reactivation of HSV infection and a shorter time to a subsequent recurrence when the therapy is discontinued, we compared the time to the second recurrence in 22 men and 37 women who were treated with the study drug for 2 consecutive recurrences. As shown in figure 1D, there was no discernible difference between the 2 groups, with a median time of 48 days in the acyclovir group and of 40.5 days in the placebo group (P = .68). In addition, the proportion of patients who experienced a second recurrence within 3 weeks of the first recurrence was 30% (8 of 27 patients) in the acyclovir group and 22% (7 of 32) in the placebo group (P = .56).

Discussion

In a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, we showed that acyclovir (800 mg po t.i.d. for 2 days) reduces the duration of viral shedding, lesions, and symptoms in patients with recurrent genital HSV-2 infection. In addition, acyclovir significantly increased the proportion of episodes that involved aborted lesions. The magnitude of the reduction—from a median duration of lesions of 6 days to 4 days—is similar to that reported in the recent studies of acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir [4–6]. Our study showed that high-dose episodic therapy with acyclovir for recurrent genital herpes is effective even if it is administered for only 2 days. This therapy is more convenient, and probably more acceptable to patients, than is the standard dosage (200 mg po 5 times a day or 400 mg po t.i.d.) administered for 5 days. The costs of these regimens are likely to remain similar, because the total dose of acyclovir is 4800 mg for the shorter regimen, compared with 5000 mg for the standard 5-times-a-day regimen.

Several observations support the use of short-course therapy for recurrent genital herpes. First, natural history studies have shown that the duration of viral shedding is short during recurrent episodes of genital herpes [7]. Second, the efficacy of episodic antiviral therapy is clearly greatest when the patient self-administers the medication at the first sign or symptom of reactivation; the therapy is much less effective when initiated in a clinic after recognition of lesions [8]. This suggests that intervention must occur early and that later administration of antiviral therapy is less relevant to lesion clearing.

In our study design, we observed each patient for up to 2 subsequent recurrences, which allowed us to enroll fewer patients and to perform the study at a single center. Accordingly, it provided an efficient trial design for evaluation of new antiviral agents in phase 2 studies. In addition, this study design allowed us to evaluate not only the effect of therapy on the duration of episode, but also the effect on the time to subsequent recurrence. Although studies published elsewhere have not detected a rapid recurrence of symptoms in patients treated with acyclovir compared with untreated patients [9, 10], in this study, we were concerned about a potentially detrimental effect of such short therapy.

The antiviral effect found in our study was similar to the effect reported in placebo-controlled studies of other agents. In a study of genital herpes recurrences in patients who received valacyclovir, the median duration of lesions decreased from 6 days to 4 days, and viral shedding decreased from 4 days to 2 days [11]. Similarly, a study of famciclovir showed a decrease of 1 day in lesion duration and 2 days in viral shedding [6]. A recent study of valacyclovir for treatment of recurrent genital herpes compared 5-day and 3-day regimens of valacyclovir (500 mg b.i.d.) administered to 800 patients with recurrent genital herpes [12]. The results showed that the regimens used in the 2 treatment arms were equally effective: the median time to lesion healing was 4.7 days for the 5-day therapy course and 4.4 days for the 3-day course.

The total dose of acyclovir given in the shorter regimen (4800 mg) was lower than that given in the standard dosing regimens (5000 mg total for 200 mg of acyclovir given 5 times per day for 5 days, and 6000 mg total for 400 mg of acyclovir given t.i.d. for 5 days), so the cost of this regimen may also be somewhat lower. We used a higher-than-standard dose of acyclovir to maximize the effect of short-dose therapy. It is not clear whether the standard dosage given for 2 days would have been as effective. Previous studies have shown that higher dosages of acyclovir (800 mg po 5 times a day) do not result in shorter durations of the primary episode than does a standard dosage of acyclovir [13]. Similarly, treatment with valacyclovir has not demonstrated improvement in any efficacy measurements for episodic or suppressive therapy of genital herpes compared with acyclovir [4, 5, 14]. A higher blood level of acyclovir, which can be achieved with higher doses of acyclovir or by administering the prodrug, may be an important contributor to the antiviral effect early during the treatment. Therefore, another option may be to administer a loading dose followed by lower doses, a model that has been successfully used for dosing of other antimicrobials.

In summary, we have shown that a 2-day course of acyclovir therapy (800 mg po t.i.d.) shortens the duration of genital herpes episodes, lesions, and viral shedding. The proportion of aborted episodes was also significantly increased among patients who received acyclovir. The large differences in the treatment arms observed in this study, the low cost of generic acyclovir, and the ease of a 2-day, 6-pill treatment course should encourage clinicians to recommend this regimen. Our study was performed with many fewer patients than most studies of recurrent genital herpes have used. However, the statistical power was sufficient to demonstrate clinically useful differences, because we observed each patient for up to 2 recurrences. This may be an efficient alternative design for studies that assess the antiviral efficacy of candidate agents for the treatment of genital herpes.

References

1

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1998 guidelines for treatment of sexually transmitted diseases

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J Clin Microbiol

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1987

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Valaciclovir versus acyclovir in patient-initiated treatment of recurrent genital herpes: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. International Valaciclovir HSV Study Group

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Genitourin Med

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Arch Dermatol

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Patient-initiated, twice-daily oral famciclovir for early recurrent genital herpes: a randomized, double-blind multicenter trial. Canadian Famciclovir Study Group

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Virologic characteristics of subclinical and symptomatic genital herpes infections

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N Engl J Med

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Zovirax 800mg Tablets (35 pack) (aciclovir) Drug / Medicine Information

800 mg Dispersible Tablets (35 tablet pack)

aciclovir

CONSUMER MEDICINE INFORMATION

What is in this leaflet

The information provided in this leaflet applies to usage of the 35 tablet packs.

This leaflet answers some common questions about Zovirax. It does not contain all of the available information.

Reading this leaflet does not take the place of talking to your doctor or pharmacist.

Taking any medicine involves some risk. It is possible that all risks associated with this medicine might not have been detected,
despite proper testing. Only your doctor or pharmacist is able to weigh up all of the relevant facts, and you should consult
them if you have any queries.

If you have any concerns about taking Zovirax ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Keep this information.

You may want to read it again.

This leaflet provides information about Zovirax.

The statements that are made in this leaflet cannot be applied to any other medicine, even those that are similar or appear
to contain the same ingredients.

What Zovirax is used for

Zovirax is used for the treatment of shingles, which is also known as herpes zoster.

Shingles is caused by the same virus which causes chicken pox. It usually involves nerve pain and a blistery rash, limited
to one area of the body.

How does Zovirax work?

Aciclovir (the active ingredient in Zovirax) belongs to a group of medicines called “anti-virals”.

Zovirax works by stopping the production of the shingles virus. This reduces the length and severity of an outbreak of shingles.
Zovirax does not get rid of the virus from your body.

Your doctor may, however, have prescribed Zovirax for a different use to that described above.

If you have any questions about why you are taking Zovirax ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Your doctor or pharmacist will be able to provide you with more information.

Before you take Zovirax

Zovirax is not suitable for everyone. Be sure that your doctor knows about the following before you take Zovirax:

1.If you are allergic to:

Aciclovir (the active ingredient in Zovirax) or valaciclovir;

Any other ingredient listed at the end of this leaflet.

2.If you are pregnant, or become pregnant while using Zovirax, or are breastfeeding.

A kidney or liver condition; or

A blood condition, or

A nerve disease.

Taking other medicines

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking any other medications, including any that you get without a prescription
from your pharmacy, supermarket or health food shop.

Some medicines and ZOVIRAX may interfere with each other. These include:

medicines used to prevent gout or gouty arthritis such as probenecid.

medicines used to treat gastric ulcers or reflux such as cimetidine.

fluid tablets (diuretics)

medicines used prevent rejection of transplanted organs such as mycophenolate mofetil.

These medicines may be affected by ZOVIRAX or may affect how well it works. You may need different amounts of your medicines,
or you may need to take different medicines.

Your doctor and pharmacist have more information on medicines to be careful with or avoid while taking this medicine.

When you must not take Zovirax

Do not take Zovirax after the expiry date printed on the pack.

Do not take Zovirax if the packaging shows signs of tampering.

Do not take Zovirax to treat any other conditions unless advised by your doctor.

Do not give Zovirax to anyone else, even if their symptoms seem similar to yours.

Taking Zovirax

Take Zovirax as directed by your doctor or pharmacist. Never change the dose yourself.

Your doctor and pharmacist will be able to tell you:

how many tablets to take at each dose;

how many doses to take each day

when to take each of your doses.

The label on the pack that the tablets were supplied in will give the same information. If there is something that you do
not understand, ask either your doctor or pharmacist.

The usual dose of Zovirax in the treatment of shingles is one 800 mg tablet every four hours while awake (equivalent to five
tablets daily) for seven days. Your doctor may vary your Zovirax dosage if you also suffer from other medical conditions.

If you have any questions about the dose that you have been prescribed, you should ask your doctor or pharmacist.

How to take Zovirax

Your Zovirax tablets may be swallowed whole with a glass of water, or dispersed in a quarter of a glass of water (about 50
ml) and then swallowed.

If you forget to take your dose

If you have just missed your scheduled dose, take it as soon as you remember and continue as before.

If you have forgotten to take one dose of Zovirax and it is almost time to take your next scheduled dose, then skip the dose
you have missed, and continue taking your Zovirax as directed by your doctor or pharmacist.

If you have forgotten to take more than one dose, contact your doctor or pharmacist for advice.

Do not take a double dose to make up for the dose that you have missed.

If you have trouble remembering when to take your medicine, ask your pharmacist for some hints.

In case of overdose

Immediately contact your doctor or Poisons Information Centre (telephone 131126) for advice, or go to accident and emergency
at your nearest hospital, if you think that you may have taken too much, or if anyone else may have taken too much Zovirax.
Do this even if there are no signs of discomfort or poisoning.

You may need urgent medical attention.

Keep telephone numbers for these places handy.

While you are taking Zovirax

Drink plenty of fluids.

Your doctor or pharmacist will be able to tell you whether there are any special instructions while you are taking Zovirax.

See your doctor if you feel that your condition is not improving or getting worse.

Driving and using machines

Some side effects such as feeling drowsy or sleepy may impair your ability to concentrate and react. Make sure you are not
affected before you drive or operate machinery

When to stop taking Zovirax

Do not stop taking Zovirax just because you feel better.

It is important that you complete your course of tablets to effectively treat the shingles. Your doctor will advise you when
to stop taking Zovirax.

If you are unsure whether you should stop taking Zovirax, talk to your doctor or pharmacist.

Side Effects

All medicines can have some side effects. Sometimes they are serious. Most of the time they are not.

Zovirax helps most people with shingles. In a few people, it may have some unwanted side effects.

Be sure that your doctor or pharmacist knows as soon as possible if you do not feel well while you are taking Zovirax.

Often it is difficult to tell the difference between side effects of medication and symptoms of the underlying illness.

Tell your doctor if you notice any of the following:

Severe allergic reactions (rare). Signs include: itchy, bumpy rash (hives), swelling sometimes of mouth causing difficulties
breathing, collapse. Contact your doctor immediately if you get these symptoms. Stop taking Zovirax.

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, stomach pain, headache, dizziness, confusion, hallucinations, seizures, fatigue, itching, skin
reaction after sunlight exposure, and fever.

Less common side effects include:

Hair loss, itchy, bumpy rash (urticaria).

Chest pain, shortness of breath, aching.

Constipation.

Taste disturbances.

Liver disorders.

Vertigo, difficulty sleeping.

A small number of patients have had other unwanted effects after taking Zovirax.

There is no evidence that Zovirax is addictive.

Ask your doctor or pharmacist to answer any questions you may have.

Do not be alarmed by this list of possible side-effects. You may not experience any of them.

After taking Zovirax

If your doctor advises you to stop taking Zovirax, ask your pharmacist what to do with any remaining tablets.

Storage

Keep your tablets in the pack that they were supplied in.

Keep Zovirax in a cool, dark and dry place where the temperature stays below 30°C.

Do not store Zovirax in the bathroom or near a sink.

Heat and dampness may affect Zovirax.

Keep Zovirax, and all other medicines, where children cannot reach them.

Do not leave Zovirax in the car on hot days.

Product Description

What Zovirax looks like

Zovirax tablets are white, biconvex, oval, film-coated tablets, branded GXCG1 on one face and plain on the other. They are
available in packs of 35 tablets or 120 tablets.

This Consumer Medicine Information refers to the 35 tablet pack.

Ingredients

Zovirax contains 800 mg of the active ingredient aciclovir.

Zovirax also contains:

cellulose-microcrystalline

povidone

sodium starch glycollate

aluminium magnesium silicate

magnesium stearate

macrogol 8000

Opadry Complete film coating system White Y-1-7000

Manufacturer

Zovirax tablets are supplied in Australia by:

GlaxoSmithKline Australia Pty Ltd

Level 4, 436 Johnston Street

Abbotsford, Victoria, 3067

Marketed in New Zealand by

GlaxoSmithKline

New Zealand Ltd

Auckland, NEW ZEALAND

This leaflet was prepared on 6 September 2016

AUST R 51429

The information provided applies only to: Zovirax 800 mg tablets.

Zovirax^® is a trade mark of the GlaxoSmithKline Group of Companies.

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Acyclovir – description of the ingredient, instructions for use, indications and contraindications

Description of “Acyclovir”

“Acyclovir” is an antiviral drug that is effective against herpes simplex viruses. It is an artificially created analogue of the guanosine purine nucleoside, a normal component of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). The medicinal effect of using the Aciclovir drug is to suppress herpes viruses and their reproduction.

Composition and release forms of “Acyclovir”

“Acyclovir” is available in the form of tablets, cream, ointment, powder for injections. It contains the active substance and auxiliary components necessary to preserve the properties of the dosage form. The preparation may contain:

• talc;
• calcium stearate;
• crospovidone;
• cellulose;
• paraffin;
• wax;
• Vaseline.

“Acyclovir” dosages

The dosage of the drug “Acyclovir” should be determined by the doctor. It depends on the age, condition and diagnosis of the patient. Examples of possible doses:

• Treatment of diseases provoked by the herpes virus – 1 tablet 200 mg 5 times a day;
• Treatment of herpetic infections in children 3–12 years old with a drug for intravenous administration – 250 mg per 1 m² 3 times a day;
• prevention of recurrence of an infectious disease caused by the herpes virus types 1 and 2 – 1 tablet 200 mg 4 times a day;
• treatment of chickenpox or shingles – 1 tablet 800 mg 5 times a day.

Pharmacological properties

The active ingredient acyclovir inhibits all types of herpes viruses. It integrates into the DNA chain of the virus and breaks it, which makes further replication impossible.

Attention! Acyclovir is absorbed when it enters the body in the intestine. The substance is excreted unchanged. When applied externally, it does not enter the bloodstream.

Contraindications and side effects

“Acyclovir” is contraindicated in case of hypersensitivity to the active or auxiliary component. During breastfeeding, the drug can be taken, since it does not pass into breast milk. Caution should be observed in the presence of renal failure, dehydration, neurological disorders.

Possible adverse reactions:

• abdominal pain;

90,015 diarrhea;

• vomiting;
• leukopenia;
• headache;

90,015 tremors;

• dizziness;
• drowsiness;
• weakness;

90,015 rash;

• hallucinations.

Application rules

Tablets with acyclovir are swallowed without chewing and washed down with plenty of water. Ointments and creams are applied to the infected skin 5 times a day. Eye ointment is placed in a strip of 1 cm behind the lower eyelid every 4 hours.

Disclaimer

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ACYCLOVIR AVEXIMA 0.2 N20 TABLE

Acivirax 800 mg 20 tablets – Russian Pharmacy in Egypt

Trade name:

Acivirax

Acivirax

Ingredients:

Each tablet contains:

Acyclovir – 800mg.

Auxiliary components: lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone K30, starch sodium gluconate.

Properties:

Acivirax is an antiviral agent. It has an effect on the Herpes Simplex virus (types 1 and 2), the Varicella zoster virus (chickenpox).

Readings:

treatment of chickenpox and shingles.

Application:

Acivirax tablets are intended for oral administration and can be dissolved in at least 50 ml of water or swallowed whole with a little water.

For adults: treatment of chickenpox and herpes zoster infections: 800 mg 5 times a day at intervals of 4 hours, excluding the night dose. The treatment lasts 7 days. Dosing should be started as early as possible after the onset of the infection. Treatment for chickenpox in immunocompetent patients should be initiated within 24 hours of the onset of the rash.

Children: Treatment of varicella-zoster infections: 6 years and older: 800 mg 4 times a day. Duration – 5 days. There is no specific data on the treatment of herpes infection in immunocompetent children.When treating herpes zoster infections, it is recommended to adjust the dose to 800 mg 2 times a day with an interval of 12 hours for patients with severe renal failure and up to 800 mg 3 times a day at intervals of 8 hours for patients with moderate renal failure.

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity to acyclovir, valacyclovir or any of the excipients.

Precautions:

For

patients with impaired renal function, which is especially common in elderly patients, a lower dose is recommended.In case of impaired renal function, the dosage will be adjusted by the doctor. When using acyclovir, it is necessary to monitor renal function. Drink plenty of fluids while taking acyclovir.

Side effects:

skin rash disappears when the drug is discontinued. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, insomnia, fatigue, dizziness, confusion, hallucinations, and drowsiness have been observed in patients with impaired renal function or other conditions.Hepatitis, jaundice, renal colic.

Storage method:

Store at a temperature not exceeding 30C, out of reach of children.

Packing:

cardboard box contains 1.2 blisters of 10 tablets each, paper instructions.

Acyclostad® tablets | STADA

It is necessary to start using Acyclostad ^® tablets as early as possible when the first skin manifestations appear, for example, itching, tightness of the skin, primary vesicles.

Tablets are taken after meals with a sufficient amount of liquid.

Herpes simplex virus infections

Adults

1 tablet Acyclostad ^® , 200 mg tablets 5 times a day (1000 mg of acyclovir per day), with an interval of 4 hours and with an 8 hour night break. The duration of treatment is 5 days. However, depending on the patient’s clinical condition, the duration of treatment may be increased.

Pediatric use

Children over 6 years of age are prescribed adult dosages.

For the prevention of severe and often recurrent genital infections caused by herpes simplex virus

Immunologically healthy patients are prescribed 1 tablet Acyclostad ^® , 200 mg tablets 4 times a day every 6 hours (800 mg of acyclovir per day). Alternatively, you can also take 400 mg of Acyclostad ^® daily (2 tablets Acyclostad ^® , 200 mg tablets or 1 tablet Acyclostad ^® , 400 mg tablets) every 12 hours.In some cases, effective prevention can be achieved by taking 1 tablet Acyclostad ^® , 200 mg tablets 3 times a day every 8 hours (600 mg of acyclovir per day) or 2 times a day every 12 hours (400 mg of acyclovir per day).

If, despite a total daily dose of 800 mg, there is a relapse (renewal of infection), then take 1 tablet Acyclostad ^® , 200 mg tablets, 5 times a day every 4 hours for 5 days. After that, the reception of the above prophylactic doses is resumed.

In the prevention of herpes simplex infection in immunologically healthy patients, the duration of treatment depends on the severity of the infection and the frequency of relapses, but should not exceed 6-12 months.

Patients with immunosuppression are prescribed 1 tablet Acyclostad ^® , 200 mg tablets 4 times a day every 6 hours (800 mg of acyclovir per day).

Patients with severe immunosuppression, for example, after organ transplantation , are prescribed 2 tablets Acyclostad ^® , 200 mg tablets or 1 tablet Acyclostad ^® , 400 mg tablets 4 times a day every 6 hours (1600 mg of acyclovir per day).

The duration of prophylactic use for infections caused by herpes simplex in patients with pronounced immunosuppression depends on the degree of weakening of the immune system and the duration of the period of increased risk of infection.

Note

Cases of possible development of resistance have been described in patients with immunosuppression. This should be taken into account when choosing the dosage of the drug.

Shingles (Herpes zoster)

800 mg Acyclostad ^® (4 tablets Acyclostad ^® , tablets 200 mg or 2 tablets Acyclostad ^® , tablets 400 mg or 1 tablet Acyclostad ^® , tablets 800 mg) 5 times a day every 4 hours (4000 mg acyclovir per day).The duration of treatment is 5-7 days. Treatment may be continued depending on the patient’s clinical condition.

For the prevention of severe infection caused by herpes simplex in adults with severe immunosuppression, if there is an increased risk of infection, for example, after organ transplantation, n take 2 tablets Acyclostad ^® , 200 mg tablets or 1 tablet each Acyclostad ^® , tablets 400 mg 4 times a day every 6 hours (1600 mg of acyclovir per day).

The duration of prophylactic use depends on the degree of suppression of the immune system and is determined by the attending physician individually.

Patients with impaired renal function

In case of impaired renal function, which is more often observed in elderly patients, adequate fluid intake should be ensured while taking Acyclostad ^® . In patients with impaired renal function, lower doses may be therapeutically justified, as shown in the table:

Acyclovir • The price of the drug Acyclovir in Ukraine – instructions, application and dosage

Acyclovir

Acyclovir is an antiviral drug, analog of a purine nucleoside of synthetic origin. Active against the herpes simplex virus type 1–2, it has a slightly lower activity against the Epstein-Barr virus (type 4) and cytomegalovirus (type 5). The drug has good efficacy in the treatment of type 3 virus, namely chickenpox and shingles.

Acyclovir integrates into viral DNA, breaks its chain and stops duplication without damaging the host cells.

In the treatment of herpes, it prevents the spread of the rash, reduces pain. Activates healing and crusts.

Symptoms of herpes simplex type 1–2 are the appearance on the affected area of ​​an accumulation of small watery blisters, a burning sensation, chills.

With shingles, headache and pain along the nerve appear.After a while, groups of small bubbles appear at the site of inflammation, inside which there is a transparent liquid. Over time, the fluid becomes purulent and bloody, the lymph nodes increase, the temperature rises.

Chickenpox is characterized by high fever and profuse rash all over the body and mucous membranes.

The carriers of the herpes virus are 95% of the entire population of our planet.

Scientifically proven that the herpes virus is native to Africa. How the Type 1 virus came to us has not been investigated, but genital herpes began to spread during the slave trade.Thus, they began to become infected with the virus in the countries of the New World and Eurasia.

Form of issue

• Acyclovir tablets 200, 400, 800mg. The number of tablets in a package depends on the manufacturer.
• Acyclovir ointment 2, 5, 10g in a tube.

Readings

• Herpes simplex.
• Genital herpes.
• Chickenpox (chickenpox).
• Shingles.

Acyclovir is also used in complex treatment, for prophylactic purposes for immunodeficiency, is prescribed to people who have undergone bone marrow transplantation, and for the prevention of ODS.

Application

Take tablets immediately after or during meals with water. The ointment is used for children from 12 years old and for adults. Apply locally to the inflamed areas 5 rubles / day every 4 hours.

Acyclovir for herpes is prescribed for children from 2 years of age and for adults, 200 mg 5 rubles / day every 4 hours. The course is 5 days. With herpes on the genitals, the course is 10 days.

Acyclovir for chickenpox is used for adults at 800 mg 4p / day every 6 hours. Children’s dosage of the drug is 20 mg / kg of body weight.Children aged 3 to 6 years – 400 mg 4 rubles / day, after 6 years – 800 mg 4 rubles / day. The course is 5 days.

For shingles from 3 years old, children and adults are recommended 800mg tablets 4 times a day, after 6 hours alternating reception.

Acyclovir with ODS for prophylaxis drink tab. 200 mg every 6 hours 4 rubles / day.

During the use of Acyclovir, you need to consume a sufficient amount of water.

Contraindications

• Renal failure.
• Susceptibility to active substance.
• Pregnancy.
• Lactation period.

The drug is not recommended for newborns.

Reception of the drug by pregnant women is possible if the benefit to the mother is greater than the risk to the child. Acyclovir crosses the placenta and accumulates in the mother’s milk. If a nursing woman needs to take medication, then breastfeeding will need to be stopped.

Side effects

Diarrhea, vomiting, colic, weakness, headache, drowsiness, anemia, thrombocytopenia, urticaria, rash, edema, shortness of breath.

If reactions occur that are not described in the instructions, you should consult a doctor.

Acyclovir can be purchased in the 911 network of pharmacies or on the official website apteka911.ua at the most affordable price.

List of used literature

1. Medicines Compendium;
2. State Register of Medicines of Ukraine;
3. Vidal Handbook.

Frequently asked questions about Acyclovir

Acyclovir tablets how to take?

Acyclovir tablets are drunk after or during meals with water.

How to take Acyclovir before lip tattooing?

400 mg 2 times a day. Start application 3 days before the procedure. The course is 5 days.

How to take acyclovir for herpes?

Children from 2 years old and adults – 200 mg 5 rubles / day every 4 hours, at night an interval of 8 hours. The course is 5 days. With herpes on the genitals, the course is 10 days. Ointment for children over 12 years old and adults is applied to the affected areas 5 times a day.

How quickly does acyclovir work?

The drug takes effect 2-3 hours after application.

Pay attention!

Description of the drug Acyclovir on this page is a simplified author’s version of the apteka911 website, created on the basis of the instructions for use. Before purchasing or using the drug, you should consult your doctor and familiarize yourself with the original manufacturer’s instructions (attached to each package of the drug).

Information about the drug is provided for informational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to self-medication.Only a doctor can decide on the appointment of the drug, as well as determine the doses and methods of its use.

Biovit – Acyclovir

Dosage form: tablets.

Composition. Each tablet contains the active substance: acyclovir 200 mg in terms of the anhydrous substance; excipients: lactose (milk sugar), potato starch, sucrose, magnesium stearate, povidone (polyvinyl pyrrole and don), stearic acid.

Description.

Tablets of white or almost white color, flat-cylindrical, beveled on both sides and scored on one side.

Pharmacotherapeutic group: antiviral agent.

Pharmacological properties

Antiviral drug, synthetic analogue of acyclic purine nucleoside, which has a highly selective effect on herpes viruses. Within the cells infected with the virus, under the action of viral thymidine kinase, a number of successive reactions of the transformation of acyclovir into myo-, di- and acyclovir triphosphate take place.Acyclovir triphosphate is embedded in the viral DNA chain and blocks its synthesis by competitive inhibition of viral DNA polymerae, In vitro acyclovir is effective against the herpes simplex virus – Herpes simplex type I and II, against the Varicella zoster virus; higher concentrations are required to inhibit Epstein-Barr virus. In vitro, acyclovir is therapeutically and prophylactically effective primarily for viral infections caused by Herpes simplex

When taken orally, the bioavailability is 15-30%.Acyclovir penetrates well into all organs and tissues of the body, including the brain and skin. Plasma protein binding is 9-33% and does not depend on its concentration in plasma. The concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid is about 50% of its concentration in plasma. Acyclovir crosses the placental barrier and accumulates in breast milk. The maximum concentration after oral administration of 200 mg 5 times a day is 0.7 μg / ml, the time to reach the maximum concentration is 1.5-2 hours.

Metabolized in the liver with the formation of a pharmacologically inactive compound 9-ksrboxyme-toxymethylguanine.The half-life in adults with normal renal function is 2-3 hours. In patients with severe renal failure, the half-life is 20 hours, with hemodialysis – 5.7 hours (while the concentration of acyclovir in plasma decreases to 60% of the initial value). About 84% is excreted by the kidneys unchanged and 14% – in the form of a metabolite. The renal clearance of acyclovir is 75-80% of the total plasma clearance. Less than 2% of acyclovir is excreted from the body through the intestines.

Indications for use.

Treatment of infections of the skin and mucous membranes caused by Herpes simplex viruses type I and II, both primary and secondary, including genital herpes.

Prevention of exacerbations of recurrent infections caused by Herpes simplex viruses type I and II in patients with normal immune status.

Prevention of primary and recurrent infections caused by Herpes simplex viruses type I and II in immunocompromised patients.

As part of complex therapy for patients with severe immunodeficiency; in HIV infection (stage of AIDS, early clinical manifestations and detailed clinical picture) and in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation.

Treatment of primary and recurrent infections caused by the Varicella zoster virus (chickenpox and herpes zoster).

Contraindications.

Hypersensitivity to acyclovir, ganciclovir or any auxiliary substance of the drug.

The drug is contraindicated during lactation.

Children’s age up to 3 years (for this dosage form).

Precautions: pregnancy; elderly people and patients receiving large doses, especially against the background of dehydration; impaired renal function; neurological disorders or neurological reactions to taking cytotoxic drugs (including a history).

Pregnancy and lactation. Acyclovir crosses the placental barrier and accumulates in breast milk.Application during pregnancy is possible only if the intended benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. If it is necessary to take acyclovir during lactation, interruption of breastfeeding is required.

Method of administration and dosage. Inside. The drug is taken during or immediately after a meal and washed down with a sufficient amount of water. The dosage regimen is set individually, depending on the severity of the disease.

In the treatment of infections of the skin and mucous membranes caused by Herpes simplex type I and II:

Adults: the drug is prescribed 200 mg 5 times a day for 5 days at 4-hour intervals during the day and with 8 hours at night intervals.In more severe cases of the disease, the course of treatment can be extended according to the doctor’s prescription for up to 10 days.

As part of complex therapy for severe immunodeficiency, including with a detailed clinical picture of HIV infection (including early clinical manifestations of HIV infection and the stage of AIDS), after bone marrow implantation, 400 mg is prescribed 5 times a day.

For the prevention of recurrence of infections caused by Herpes simplex viruses type I and II, patients with a normal immune status and with a relapse of the disease are prescribed 200 mg 4 times a day every 6 hours, the duration of the course is from 6 to 12 months.

For the prevention of infections caused by Herpes simplex viruses type I and II, adults with immunodeficiency are recommended to prescribe the drug 200 mg 4 times a day every 6 hours, the maximum dose is up to 400 mg of acyclovir 5 times a day, depending on the severity of the infection.

Children: For the treatment and prevention of Herpes simplex infection in immunocompromised patients, children over 3 years of age receive the same dose as adults.

In the treatment of infections caused by Varicella zoster.

Adults: 800 mg 5 times a day every 4 hours during the day and at 8 hour intervals at night. The duration of the course of treatment is 7-10 days.

Children: with chickenpox, appoint 20 mg / kg 4 times a day for 5 days (maximum single dose 800 mg), children from 3 to 6 years old: 400 mg 4 times a day, over 6 years old: 800 mg 4 times a day for 5 days. In the treatment of infections caused by Herpes zoster, adults are prescribed 800 mg 4 times a day every 6 hours for 5 days.

In patients with impaired renal function.

In the treatment and prevention of infections caused by Herpes simplex, in patients with creatinine clearance less than 10 ml / min, the dosage of the drug should be reduced to 200 mg 2 times a day at 12-hour intervals.

In the treatment of infections caused by Varicella zoster, in patients with creatine clearance less than 10 ml / min, it is recommended to reduce the dosage of the drug to 800 mg 2 times a day at 12-hour intervals; with creatinine clearance up to 25 ml / min, 800 mg is prescribed 3 times a day at 8 hour intervals.Side effect. The drug is usually well tolerated.

From the gastrointestinal tract: in isolated cases – abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.

In the blood: a transient slight increase in the activity of liver enzymes, rarely – a slight increase in urea and creatinine levels, hyper-bilirubinemia, leukopenia, erythropenia.

From the side of the central nervous system: rarely – headache, weakness; in some cases tremor, dizziness, increased fatigue, exhaustion, drowsiness, insomnia, paresthesia, confusion, hallucinations, decreased concentration, agitation.

Allergic reactions: anaphylactic reactions, skin rash, pruritus, Payell’s syndrome, urticaria, exudative erythema multiforme, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, fever.

Others: rarely – alopecia, peripheral edema, visual impairment, lymphadenopathy, myalgia, malaise.

Overdose. There are no cases of overdose after oral administration of acyclovir.

Interaction. Simultaneous use with probenecid leads to an increase in the mean half-life and a decrease in the clearance of acyclovir.When taken simultaneously with nephrotoxic drugs, the risk of impaired renal function increases.

Strengthening of the effect is noted with the simultaneous appointment of immunostimulants.

Special instructions. Use strictly as directed by a doctor to avoid complications in adults and children over 3 years of age. It is prescribed with caution to patients with impaired renal function, elderly patients due to an increase in the half-life of acyclovir.

When using the drug, it is necessary to ensure the supply of a sufficient amount of liquid.When taking the drug, kidney function (blood urea and plasma creatinine levels) should be monitored.

Acyclovir does not prevent sexual transmission of herpes, therefore, during the period of treatment, it is necessary to refrain from sexual intercourse, even in the absence of clinical manifestations.

Release form. Tablets 200 mg. On 10, 20 tablets in a blister strip packaging from a film of polyvinyl chloride and printed aluminum foil varnished. 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 or 100 tablets in a polymer container for medicines.One container or 1.2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 or 10 blisters together with instructions for use are placed in a cardboard box.

Storage conditions. List B. Store in a dry, dark place at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C. Keep out of the reach of children.

Expiry date. 3 years. Do not use after the expiration date.

Gerpevir tablets – instructions, use, analogues of the drug, composition, indications, contraindications, side effects in the reference book of medicines from UNIAN

Applications of Gerpevir

Gerpevir – composition and release form of the drug

Gerpevir: how to take the drug

Gerpevir – contraindications, side effects

Gerpevir’s analogs

The drug is most active against herpes simplex virus type I and further, in decreasing activity, against herpes simplex virus type II, varicella-zoster virus and herpes zoster, Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus.

Applications Gerpevir

• treatment of viral infections of the mucous membranes caused by the herpes simplex virus, including primary and recurrent genital herpes;
• suppression (prevention of recurrence) of infections caused by the herpes simplex virus in patients with normal immunity;
• prevention of herpes simplex virus infections in immunocompromised patients;
• Treatment of infections caused by the Varicellazoster virus (chickenpox and herpes zoster).

Gerpevir – composition and form of the preparation

Tablets of white or almost white color, round in shape with a flat surface, with a chamfer. Composition : active substance: 1 tablet contains acyclovir in terms of 100% substance 200 mg or 400 mg; excipients: potato starch, povidone, calcium stearate.

Gerpevir: how to take the drug

The tablet should be taken whole with water.When using high doses of acyclovir, an adequate level of body hydration should be maintained.

Adults. Treatment of herpes simplex virus infections

For the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections, 200 mg acyclovir tablets should be taken 5 times a day at approximately 4-hour intervals, except during the night period.

Treatment should be 5 days, but in case of severe primary infection it can be continued.

For severely immunocompromised patients (eg, after bone marrow transplantation) or for patients with reduced intestinal absorption, the dose can be doubled to 400 mg or the appropriate intravenous dose can be used.

Treatment should be started as early as possible after the onset of infection. In the case of recurrent herpes, it is better to start treatment in the prodromal period or after the first signs of skin lesions appear.

Prevention of recurrence (suppressive therapy) of infections caused by the herpes simplex virus

In patients with normal immunity, to prevent recurrence of infections caused by the herpes simplex virus, 200 mg acyclovir tablets are taken 4 times a day with a 6-hour interval.

For convenience, most patients can take 400 mg of acyclovir 2 times a day at 12-hour intervals. Treatment will be effective even after reducing the dose of tableted acyclovir to 200 mg, which should be taken 3 times a day with an 8-hour interval or even 2 times a day with a 12-hour interval. In some patients, a radical improvement is observed after taking a daily dose of 800 mg acyclovir.

To monitor possible changes in the natural course of the disease, therapy should be interrupted periodically at intervals of 6-12 months.

Prevention of infections caused by herpes simplex virus . For the prevention of infections caused by the herpes simplex virus in patients with immunodeficiency, acyclovir tablets at a dose of 200 mg should be taken 4 times a day with a 6-hour interval. For severely immunocompromised patients, the dose can be doubled to 400 mg or an appropriate intravenous dose can be used.

Treatment of chickenpox and herpes zoster . For the treatment of infections caused by the viruses of chickenpox and herpes zoster, you need to take acyclovir tablets at a dose of 800 mg 5 times a day at 4-hour intervals, with the exception of the night period.The treatment should last 7 days. Intravenous administration is better for patients with severe immunodeficiency.

Treatment should be started as early as possible after the onset of the disease, the result will be better if treatment is started immediately after the appearance of the rash.

Elderly patients. The possibility of renal dysfunction in elderly patients should be borne in mind, and the dose of the drug for them should be changed accordingly. It is necessary to maintain an adequate level of hydration of the body.

Renal failure . Acyclovir should be used with caution in patients with renal insufficiency. It is necessary to maintain an adequate level of hydration of the body.

In the prevention and treatment of herpes simplex virus infections in patients with renal insufficiency, the recommended oral doses do not lead to the accumulation of acyclovir, the level of which would exceed the safe level established for intravenous administration. However, for patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance less than 10 ml / min), it is recommended to set a dose of 200 mg 2 times a day with an interval of about 12 hours.

In the treatment of infections caused by the Varicellazoster virus (chickenpox and herpes zoster), for patients with significantly reduced immunity, it is recommended for severe renal failure (creatinine clearance less than 10 ml / min) to establish a dose of 800 mg 2 times a day with approximately 12 hours interval, and for patients with moderate renal failure (creatinine clearance within 10-25 ml / min) – 800 mg 3 times a day with an interval of approximately 8 hours.

Children.Acyclovir tablets should be used in children aged 2 years and older. For the treatment and prevention of infections caused by the herpes simplex virus in children with immunodeficiency at the age of 2 years, the doses can be used as for adults.

For the treatment of chickenpox in children aged 6 years and over, prescribe 800 mg of acyclovir 4 times a day, children aged 2 to 6 years can receive 400 mg of acyclovir 4 times a day. The duration of treatment is 5 days. More precisely, the dose of the drug can be calculated by the child’s body weight – 20 mg / kg of body weight per day (not to exceed 800 mg) of acyclovir, divided into 4 doses.

There is no specific data on the use of acyclovir for the prevention (prevention of recurrence) of infections caused by the herpes simplex virus, or for the treatment of infections caused by the herpes zoster virus, in children with normal immunity.

Gerpevir – contraindications, side effects

Contraindications : hypersensitivity to acyclovir, valacyclovir or other components of the drug.