How Long Does a Herpes Outbreak Last?

Herpes outbreaks usually last for about one to two weeks, though the first outbreak after infection may last longer. The symptoms typically go away on their own without treatment. However, there are at-home remedies and prescription treatments which may help to ease symptoms and shorten the length of outbreaks. Herpes outbreaks may continue to occur, but many people find that they become shorter and less severe over time.

Types of Herpes

There are two types of herpes, both of which stem from the herpes simplex virus (HSV):

• Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1): This form of the virus usually causes oral herpes. The main symptom of HSV-1 is cold sores.
• Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2): This form of the virus usually causes genital herpes. The main symptom of HSV-2 is genital sores.

Some people with herpes never experience symptoms. However, they are still capable of transmitting the virus to others.

Onset of First Outbreak

The first outbreak of oral herpes usually develops within about one to three weeks after infection. This initial outbreak may last for up to three weeks.

With genital herpes, the first outbreak usually occurs within about two to 20 days. Similar to oral herpes, the initial outbreak may last as long as three weeks.

Herpes Outbreak Symptoms

Generally, the first outbreak of herpes is more severe than recurrences that follow. Though sores are the most noticeable sign of infection, there are a number of other symptoms of herpes that typically occur only during the first outbreak, including flu-like symptoms such as:

• Fever.
• Muscle aches.
• Swollen lymph nodes in the neck.

Herpes sores progress through a series of defined stages as they develop. The following is an approximate timeline for the first outbreak of oral or genital herpes after infection:

1. Warning signs: About 12 to 24 hours before an outbreak, itching, burning, or tingling sensations are felt where the cold sores are about to appear.
2. Blister formation: On day one of the outbreak, blisters appear as fluid-filled red bumps that are painful to the touch.
3. Sore formation: The blisters rupture and the fluid inside (which is usually clear or yellowish in color) oozes out. The resulting sores continue to weep for a day or so.
4. Scab formation: On about day four or five of the outbreak, the sores start to crust over. The scabs that form may crack or bleed as the sores heal.
5. Skin healing: The scabs eventually fall off around day six or seven (it’s best to let this happen naturally rather than picking at the skin). The skin underneath will still be a bit pink or reddish. Over the next one to two weeks, the area where the cold sore appeared will heal completely and return to its normal tone.

Differences Between Oral and Genital Herpes Outbreaks

The location of the sores is the main difference between the two types of herpes. Oral herpes sores generally develop on the mouth and lips, usually at the border of the lip where it meets the skin of the face.

Genital herpes sores can occur in a wider variety of locations depending on where the virus entered the body. These locations may include:

• For women and men:
  • Urethra
  • Buttocks
  • Anus
  • Thighs
• For women only:
  • Cervix
  • Vaginal area
  • External genitals
• For men only:

There are also a few additional herpes outbreak symptoms which are only associated with genital infections, such as:

• Vaginal discharge in women.
• Blisters or ulcers on the cervix in women.
• Pain when urinating.
• Difficulty emptying the bladder.
• Decreased appetite.

Outbreak Frequency

After the initial outbreak is over, the symptoms are likely to return. Most people with herpes have several outbreaks each year. However, over time, those outbreaks may become less frequent, especially if you take antiviral medication for herpes. For example, sores may last for only about a week and feel less painful than during the first outbreak.

Tips for Managing Herpes Symptoms

The symptoms of herpes can be painful and uncomfortable. Fortunately, there are a few things you can easily do at home to help ease these symptoms, including:

• Apply an ice pack or warm compress to the affected area.
• Take over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen.
• Keep the affected area clean and dry to reduce the risk of infection.
• Avoid tight clothing that may irritate genital sores.
• Don’t pop blisters or pick at scabs that form over the sores.
• Ask your healthcare provider to recommend a painkilling cream.

Taking proper care of your skin and overall health while experiencing an outbreak can help to prevent complications like infection and assist in faster healing for your sores. Keep in mind that you are especially contagious during an outbreak, so it’s best to avoid intimate contact, such as kissing or sex, until the sores heal.

Herpes Treatment Options

While there is no cure for herpes, there are treatment options available for people with frequent outbreaks.

If you want to minimize your outbreaks, make an appointment with your healthcare provider. They can take a swab from a sore or do a blood test to confirm if the herpes virus is the cause of your outbreaks.

Herpes treatment involves taking antiviral medicine. There are antiviral creams and ointments which may be applied to provide relief for burning, itching, or tingling associated with herpes blisters. During an outbreak, a shot of intravenous medication or oral pills may be recommended to help shorten the duration of symptoms.

For those with frequent outbreaks, doctors may prescribe a daily antiviral medication, also known as suppressive therapy. These medications can make outbreaks less severe and less frequent while also reducing the risk of transmission to others. Some of the prescription antiviral medicines used to treat both oral and genital herpes are:

• Valacyclovir (Valtrex)
• Famciclovir (Famvir)
• Acyclovir (Zorivax and Sitavig)

If you’ve been previously diagnosed with herpes, the medical team at Nurx can prescribe oral or genital herpes treatment online and deliver the medication to your door with free shipping. To request herpes treatment from Nurx, get started here.

Further Reading

Herpes Simplex, MedlinePlus, October 2019.

Genital Herpes – CDC Fact Sheet (Detailed), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, January 2017.

STD Facts – Genital Herpes (Detailed version)

Basic Fact Sheet | Detailed Version

Detailed fact sheets are intended for physicians and individuals with specific questions about sexually transmitted diseases. Detailed fact sheets include specific testing and treatment recommendations as well as citations so the reader can research the topic more in depth.

What is genital herpes?

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) or type 2 (HSV-2).

How common is genital herpes?

Genital herpes infection is common in the United States. CDC estimated that there were 572,000 new genital herpes infections in the United States in a single year. ¹ Nationwide, 11.9 % of persons aged 14 to 49 years have HSV-2 infection (12.1% when adjusted for age).² However, the prevalence of genital herpes infection is higher than that because an increasing number of genital herpes infections are caused by HSV-1. ³ Oral HSV-1 infection is typically acquired in childhood; because the prevalence of oral HSV-1 infection has declined in recent decades, people may have become more susceptible to contracting a genital herpes infection from HSV-1. ⁴

HSV-2 infection is more common among women than among men; the percentages of those infected during 2015-2016 were 15.9% versus 8.2% respectively, among 14 to 49 year olds. ² This is possibly because genital infection is more easily transmitted from men to women than from women to men during penile-vaginal sex. ⁵ HSV-2 infection is more common among non-Hispanic blacks (34.6%) than among non-Hispanic whites (8.1%). ² A previous analysis found that these disparities, exist even among persons with similar numbers of lifetime sexual partners.  Most infected persons may be unaware of their infection; in the United States, an estimated 87.4% of 14 to 49 year olds infected with HSV-2 have never received a clinical diagnosis. ⁶

The age-adjusted percentage of persons in the United States infected with HSV-2 decreased from 18.0% in 1999–2000 to 12.1% in 2015-2016. ²

How do people get genital herpes?

Infections are transmitted through contact with HSV in herpes lesions, mucosal surfaces, genital secretions, or oral secretions. ⁵ HSV-1 and HSV-2 can be shed from normal-appearing oral or genital mucosa or skin. ^7,8 Generally, a person can only get HSV-2 infection during genital contact with someone who has a genital HSV-2 infection. However, receiving oral sex from a person with an oral HSV-1 infection can  result in getting a genital HSV-1 infection. ⁴  Transmission commonly occurs from contact with an infected partner who does not have visible lesions and who may not know that he or she is infected. ⁷ In persons with asymptomatic HSV-2 infections, genital HSV shedding occurs on 10.2% of days, compared to 20.1% of days among those with symptomatic infections. ⁸

What are the symptoms of genital herpes?

Most individuals infected with HSV are asymptomatic or have very mild symptoms that go unnoticed or are mistaken for another skin condition. ⁹ When symptoms do occur, herpes lesions typically appear as one or more vesicles, or small blisters, on or around the genitals, rectum or mouth. The average incubation period for an initial herpes infection is 4 days (range, 2 to 12) after exposure. ¹⁰ The vesicles break and leave painful ulcers that may take two to four weeks to heal after the initial herpes infection. ^5,10 Experiencing these symptoms is referred to as having a first herpes “outbreak” or episode.

Clinical manifestations of genital herpes differ between the first and recurrent (i.e., subsequent) outbreaks. The first outbreak of herpes is often associated with a longer duration of herpetic lesions, increased viral shedding (making HSV transmission more likely) and systemic symptoms including fever, body aches, swollen lymph nodes, or headache. ^5,10 Recurrent outbreaks of genital herpes are common, and many patients who recognize recurrences have prodromal symptoms, either localized genital pain, or tingling or shooting pains in the legs, hips or buttocks, which occur hours to days before the eruption of herpetic lesions. ⁵ Symptoms of recurrent outbreaks are typically shorter in duration and less severe than the first outbreak of genital herpes. ⁵ Long-term studies have indicated that the number of symptomatic recurrent outbreaks may decrease over time. ⁵ Recurrences and subclinical shedding are much less frequent for genital HSV-1 infection than for genital HSV-2 infection.⁵

What are the complications of genital herpes?

Genital herpes may cause painful genital ulcers that can be severe and persistent in persons with suppressed immune systems, such as HIV-infected persons. ⁵ Both HSV-1 and HSV-2 can also cause rare but serious complications such as aseptic meningitis (inflammation of the linings of the brain). ⁵ Development of extragenital lesions (e.g. buttocks, groin, thigh, finger, or eye) may occur during the course of infection. ⁵

Some persons who contract genital herpes have concerns about how it will impact their overall health, sex life, and relationships. ^5,11 There can also be considerable embarrassment, shame, and stigma associated with a herpes diagnosis that can substantially interfere with a patient’s relationships. ¹⁰ Clinicians can address these concerns by encouraging patients to recognize that while herpes is not curable, it is a manageable condition. ⁵ Three important steps that providers can take for their newly-diagnosed patients are: giving information, providing support resources, and helping define treatment and prevention options. ¹² Patients can be counseled that risk of genital herpes transmission can be reduced, but not eliminated, by disclosure of infection to sexual partners, ⁵ avoiding sex during a recurrent outbreak, ⁵ use of suppressive antiviral therapy, ^5,10 and consistent condom use. ⁷ Since a diagnosis of genital herpes may affect perceptions about existing or future sexual relationships, it is important for patients to understand how to talk to sexual partners about STDs. One resource can be found here: www.gytnow.org/talking-to-your-partnerexternal icon

There are also potential complications for a pregnant woman and her newborn child. See “How does herpes infection affect a pregnant woman and her baby?” below for information about this.

What is the link between genital herpes and HIV?

Genital ulcerative disease caused by herpes makes it easier to transmit and acquire HIV infection sexually. There is an estimated 2- to 4-fold increased risk of acquiring HIV, if individuals with genital herpes infection are genitally exposed to HIV. ^13-15 Ulcers or breaks in the skin or mucous membranes (lining of the mouth, vagina, and rectum) from a herpes infection may compromise the protection normally provided by the skin and mucous membranes against infections, including HIV. ¹⁴ In addition, having genital herpes increases the number of CD4 cells (the target cell for HIV entry) in the genital mucosa. In persons with both HIV and genital herpes, local activation of HIV replication at the site of genital herpes infection can increase the risk that HIV will be transmitted during contact with the mouth, vagina, or rectum of an HIV-uninfected sex partner. ¹⁴

How does genital herpes affect a pregnant woman and her baby?

Neonatal herpes is one of the most serious complications of genital herpes.^5,16 Healthcare providers should ask all pregnant women if they have a history of genital herpes.¹¹ Herpes infection can be passed from mother to child during pregnancy or childbirth, or babies may be infected shortly after birth, resulting in a potentially fatal neonatal herpes infection. ¹⁷ Infants born to women who acquire genital herpes close to the time of delivery and are shedding virus at delivery are at a much higher risk for developing neonatal herpes, compared with women who have recurrent genital herpes . ^16,18-20 Thus, it is important that women avoid contracting herpes during pregnancy. Women should be counseled to abstain from intercourse during the third trimester with partners known to have or suspected of having genital herpes. ^5,11

While women with genital herpes may be offered antiviral medication late in pregnancy through delivery to reduce the risk of a recurrent herpes outbreak, third trimester antiviral prophylaxis has not been shown to decrease the risk of herpes transmission to the neonate.^11,21,22 Routine serologic HSV screening of pregnant women is not recommended. ¹¹ However, at onset of labor, all women should undergo careful examination and questioning to evaluate for presence of prodromal symptoms or herpetic lesions. ¹¹ If herpes symptoms are present a cesarean delivery is recommended to prevent HSV transmission to the infant.^5,11,23 There are detailed guidelines for how to manage asymptomatic infants born to women with active genital herpes lesions. ²⁴

How is genital herpes diagnosed?

HSV nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) are the most sensitive and highly specific tests available for diagnosing herpes. However, in some settings viral culture is the only test available. The sensitivity of viral culture can be low, especially among people who have recurrent or healing lesions. Because viral shedding is intermittent, it is possible for someone to have a genital herpes infection even though it was not detected by NAAT or culture. ¹¹

Type-specific virologic tests can be used for diagnosing genital herpes when a person has recurrent symptoms or lesion without a confirmatory NAAT, culture result, or has a partner with genital herpes. Both virologic tests and type-specific serologic tests should be available in clinical settings serving patients with, or at risk for, sexually transmitted infections. ¹¹

Given performance limitations with commercially available type-specific serologic tests (especially with low index value results [<3]), a confirmatory test (Biokit or Western Blot) with a second method should be performed before test interpretation. If confirmatory tests are unavailable, patients should be counseled about the limitations of available testing before serologic testing. Healthcare providers should also be aware that false-positive results occur. In instances of suspected recent acquisition, serologic testing within 12 weeks after acquisition may be associated with false negative test results. ¹¹

HSV-1 serologic testing does not distinguish between oral and genital infection, and typically should not be performed for diagnosing genital HSV-1 infection. Diagnosis of genital HSV-1 infection is confirmed by virologic tests from lesions. ¹¹

CDC does not recommend screening for HSV-1 or HSV-2 in the general population due to limitations of the type specific serologic testing. ¹¹ Several scenarios where type-specific serologic HSV tests may be useful include:

• Patients with recurrent genital symptoms or atypical symptoms and negative HSV NAAT or culture;
• Patients with a clinical diagnosis of genital herpes but no laboratory confirmation; and
• Patients who report having a partner with genital herpes. ¹¹

Patients who are at higher risk of infection (e.g., presenting for an STI evaluation, especially those with multiple sex partners), and people with HIV might need to be assessed for a history of genital herpes symptoms, followed by serology testing in those with genital symptoms. ¹¹

Providers are strongly encouraged to look at CDC’s STI Treatment Guidelines for further diagnostic considerations.

Is there a cure or treatment for herpes?

There is no cure for herpes. Antiviral medications can, however, prevent or shorten outbreaks during the period of time the person takes the medication.¹¹ In addition, daily suppressive therapy (i.e., daily use of antiviral medication) for herpes can reduce the likelihood of transmission to partners.¹¹

There is currently no commercially available vaccine that is protective against genital herpes infection. Candidate vaccines are in clinical trials.

How can herpes be prevented?

Correct and consistent use of latex condoms can reduce, but not eliminate, the risk of transmitting or acquiring genital herpes because herpes virus shedding can occur in areas that are not covered by a condom. ^25,26

The surest way to avoid transmission of STDs, including genital herpes, is to abstain from sexual contact, or to be in a long-term mutually monogamous relationship with a partner who has been tested for STDs and is known to be uninfected.

Persons with herpes should abstain from sexual activity with partners when herpes lesions or other symptoms of herpes are present. It is important to know that even if a person does not have any symptoms, he or she can still infect sex partners. Sex partners of infected persons should be advised that they may become infected and they should use condoms to reduce the risk. Sex partners can seek testing to determine if they are infected with HSV.

Daily treatment with valacyclovir decreases the rate of HSV-2 transmission in discordant, heterosexual couples in which the source partner has a history of genital HSV-2 infection. ²⁷ Such couples should be encouraged to consider suppressive antiviral therapy as part of a strategy to prevent transmission, in addition to consistent condom use and avoidance of sexual activity during recurrences.

Counseling those with genital herpes, as well as their sex partners, is critical. It can help patients cope with the infection and prevent further spread into the community. The STI Treatment Guidelines includes messaging broken down by herpes type. ¹¹

external icon

Health care providers with STD consultation requests can contact the STD Clinical Consultation Network (STDCCN). This service is provided by the National Network of STD Clinical Prevention Training Centers and operates five days a week. STDCCN is convenient, simple, and free to health care providers and clinicians. More information is available at www.stdccn.orgexternal icon.

Where can I get more information?

Division of STD Prevention (DSTDP)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Personal health inquiries and information about STDs:

CDC-INFO Contact Center
1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636)
TTY: (888) 232-6348
Contact CDC-INFO

Resources:

CDC National Prevention Information Network (NPIN)
P. O. Box 6003
Rockville, MD 20849-6003
1-800-458-5231
1-888-282-7681 Fax
1-800-243-7012 TTY
E-mail: [email protected]

American Sexual Health Association (ASHA)external icon
P. O. Box 13827
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-3827
1-800-783-9877

Sources:

1.  Kreisel KM, Spicknall IH, Gargano JW, Lewis FM, Lewis RM, Markowitz LE, Roberts H, Satcher Johnson A, Song R, St. Cyr SB, Weston EJ, Torrone EA, Weinstock HS. Sexually transmitted infections among US women and men: Prevalence and incidence estimates, 2018. Sex Transm Dis 2021; in press.

2. McQuillan G, Kruszon-Moran D, Flagg EW, Paulose-Ram R. Prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in persons aged 14–49: United States, 2015–2016. NCHS Data Brief, no 304. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2018

3. Xu F, Sternberg MR, Kottiri BJ, et al. Trends in herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 seroprevalence in the United States. JAMA, 2006. 296(8): 964–73.

4. Bradley H, Markowitz L, Gibson T, et al. Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2—United States, 1999–2010. J Infect Dis, 2014. 209(3):325-33.

5. Corey L, Wald A. Genital Herpes. In: Holmes KK, Sparling PF, Stamm WE, et al. (editors). Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2008: 399–437.

6. Fanfair RN, Zaidi A, Taylor LD, Xu F, Gottlieb S, Markowitz L. Trends in seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 among non-Hispanic blacks and non-Hispanic whites aged 14 to 49 years–United States, 1988 to 2010. Sex Transm Dis, 2013. 40(11):860-4.

7. Mertz GJ. Asymptomatic shedding of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2: implications for prevention of transmission. J Infect Dis, 2008. 198(8): 1098–1100.

8. Tronstein E, Johnston C, Huang M, et al. Genital shedding of herpes simplex virus among symptomatic and asymptomatic persons with HSV-2 infection. JAMA, 2011. 305(14): 1441–9.

9. Wald A, Zeh J, Selke S, et al. Reactivation of genital herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in asymptomatic seropositive persons. New Engl J Med, 2000. 342(12): 844–50.

10. Kimberlin DW, Rouse DJ. Genital Herpes. N Engl J Med, 2004. 350(19): 1970–7.

11. Workowski, KA, Bachmann, LH, Chang, PA, et. al. Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021. MMWR Recomm Rep 2021; 70(No. 4): 1-187.

12. Alexander L, Naisbett B. Patient and physician partnerships in managing genital herpes. J Infect Dis, 2002. 186(Suppl 1): S57–S65.

13. Freeman EE, Weiss HA, Glynn JR, Cross PL, Whitworth JA, Hayes RJ. Herpes simplex virus 2 infection increases HIV acquisition in men and women: systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. AIDS, 2006. 20(1): 73–83.

14. Barnabas RV, Celum C. Infectious co-factors in HIV-1 transmission. Herpes simplex virus type-2 and HIV-1: new insights and interventions. Curr HIV Res, 2012. 10(3): 228–37

15. Corey L, Wald A, Celum CL, Quinn TC. The effects of herpes simplex virus-2 on HIV-1 acquisition and transmission: a review of two overlapping epidemics. JAIDS, 2004. 35(5): 435–45.

16. Brown ZA, Selke S, Zeh J, et al. The acquisition of herpes simplex virus during pregnancy. N Engl J Med, 1997. 337(8): 509–15.

17. Kimberlin DW. Herpes simplex virus infections in the newborn. Semin Perinatol, 2007. 31(2): 19–25.

18. Brown ZA, Wald A, Morrow RA, Selke S, Zeh J, Corey L. Effect of serologic status and cesarean delivery on transmission rates of herpes simplex virus from mother to infant. JAMA, 2003. 289(2):203–9

19. Brown ZA, Benedetti J, Ashley R, et al. Neonatal herpes simplex virus infection in relation to asymptomatic maternal infection at the time of labor. N Engl J Med, 1991. 324(18):1247–52

20. Brown ZA, Vontver LA, Benedetti J, et al. Effects on infants of a first episode of genital herpes during pregnancy. N Engl J Med, 1987. 317(20):1246–51

21. Hollier LM, Wendel GD. Third trimester antiviral prophylaxis for preventing maternal genital herpes simplex virus (HSV) recurrences and neonatal infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2008. Issue 1: Art. No. CD004946.

22. Pinninti SG, Angara R, Feja KN, et al. Neonatal herpes disease following maternal antenatal antiviral suppressive therapy: a multicenter case series. J Pediatr, 2012. 161(1):134-8.

23. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). ACOG Practice Bulletin. Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists. No. 82 June 2007. Management of herpes in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol, 2007. 109(6): 1489–98.

24. Kimberlin DW, Balely J, Committee on Infectious Diseases, Committee on Fetus and Newborn.  Guidance on management of asymptomatic neonates born to women with active genital herpes lesions. Pediatrics, 2013. 131(2):e635-46.

25. Martin ET, Krantz A, Gottlieb SL, et al. A pooled analysis of the effect of condoms in preventing HSV-2 acquisition. Arch Intern Med, 2009. 169(13): 1233–40.

26. Wald A, Langenberg AGM, Link K, et al. Effect of condoms on reducing the transmission of herpes simplex virus type 2 from men to women. JAMA, 2001. 285(24): 3100–6.

27. Corey L, Wald A, Patel R, et al. Once-daily valacyclovir to reduce the risk of transmission of genital herpes. N Engl J Med, 2004. 350:11–20.

How Long Does a Herpes Outbreak Last?

From the onset of initial symptoms, herpes takes an average of 2 to 3 weeks to go away with proper treatment.

Every case of herpes is different depending on the person. There are many factors that can alter the amount of time it takes a herpes outbreak to clear. Some of these include:

• What type of herpes—HSV-1 or HSV-2 you are suffering from
• How many herpes outbreaks you’ve had in the past
• How frequent your herpes outbreaks are
• If you are taking preventative antiviral medication or using suppressive therapy
• If you have already started treatment for this outbreak

How Long Does an Oral Herpes Outbreak Last?

HSV-1, also known as oral herpes is very common and affects 2 out of 3 people globally. In many cases, the virus remains dormant and you may never even know you have it.

But when an outbreak does occur it is best to know the signs and symptoms right away so you can get tested, and get treatment.

Oral herpes outbreaks come in the form of cold sores.

There are several stages of HSV-1:

Stage 1: Prodrome –HSV-1 comes in contact with your skin and lips, causing reddening and a tingling sensation. After 1-2 days, the affected area may feel irritated, itchy and painful.

Stage 2: Swelling and Inflammation – The affected area becomes swollen, and inflamed

Stage 3: Formation of Blisters – Red, white, or clear, fluid filled blisters and/or cold sores begin to form. They last about 2 days and appear in a cluster as a single sore that is painful or sensitive to the touch.

Stage 4: Ulceration – After a day or two, the sores may burst, releasing fluid and becoming more painful. This generally subsides after about a day.

Stage 5: Scabbing or Crusting – As the sores begin to heal there may be crust that develops over the burst blister and forms a scab. After 2-3 days, new skin begins to form.

Stage 6: Healing – The scab that formed over the blister will start to heal. Do not peel the scab off until the wound is completely healed to avoid getting a scar.

While the stages of an oral herpes outbreak vary in time the process can take several weeks.

It is recommended you talk to a doctor to discuss which treatment plan can help you prevent and recover from an outbreak.

Read: Is There a Cure For Herpes?

How Long Does a Genital Herpes Outbreak Last?

Genital herpes, also known as HSV-2 typically affects the genitals. It is typically spread through sexual contact

There are also several stages to a genital herpes outbreak:

Stage 1: Prodrome – This stage is highly contagious. Pain, tingling or itching may begin as HSV-2 activates inside the skin.

Stage 2: Skin Redness – The skin may turn red and become sensitive. This lasts 1-4 days.

Stage 3: Lesion Formation – Lesions and sores will begin to appear around the anus or genitals. They will fill with fluid and may become very painful. The sores will last for 2-6 days.

Stage 4: Development of Lesions – This stage is the most contagious. The lesions or sores will continue to grow and eventually burst releasing the buildup of fluid. The sore may stay open and runny for 1-4 days.

Stage 5: Scabbing – After the fluid drains from the sores, they will dry out and scab for a few days.

Stage 6: Healing – The sores heal when the scabs fall off. Sometimes, a scab doesn’t develop, and the sores will just fade away. This process takes about 3-7 days.

Read: Home Remedies For Herpes

What Does a Herpes Outbreak Feel Like

As mentioned above, the onset of a herpes outbreak is often associated with tingling, itching, or burning around the affected area.

Blisters and ulcers are unfortunately painful and can cause discomfort.

If this is your first outbreak your symptoms will likely be worse than any recurring outbreaks. Common symptoms associated with initial outbreaks are fever, headache, and other flu-like symptoms.

Where Can You Get Herpes Sores?

What does herpes look like on a male?

• penis
• scrotum
• groin and thighs
• buttocks
• around the anus

What does herpes look like on a female?

• labia
• inside the vagina
• groin, thighs
• on the buttocks and around the anus

Oral Herpes

• mouth
• throat
• tongue
• on or around the lips

How Do You Get Rid of a Herpes Outbreak Fast

The most effective treatment method is prescription medication from a doctor. This can be in the form of topical cream or an oral medication.

If you suspect you have herpes and would like to speak to a physician and/or get tested and treated online, book an appointment with a PlushCare doctor now.

Read: How Do Online Doctor Visits Work?

We accept insurance and appointments are available every 15 minutes. Our doctors can order lab tests for a herpes test and diagnose you based on the results.

If you have already been diagnosed with herpes they can prescribe you a treatment plan, including any necessary medications.

What causes recurrent herpes outbreaks?

Triggers for recurrent outbreaks include illness, poor diet, stress, sunlight, fatigue, and menstrual periods. Additionally, friction in the genital area, surgical trauma, and steroidal medication may trigger a herpes outbreak.

Can you get a herpes outbreak right after another? How do you know if you’re having a second herpes outbreak?

People with symptomatic HSV-1 may experience several outbreaks per year. The herpes virus takes up permanent residence in the nerve roots and can never be totally eliminated. Some people will experience a second crop of lesions, bumps, and itchiness however, general feelings of being unwell are not usually present with recurring infections.

How long does a second herpes outbreak last?

Most people who experience recurrent outbreaks experience them for shorter periods of time than the initial infection. During this second outbreak, though you may be asymptomatic, you are still capable of transmitting the virus to another partner.

How did I get herpes if my partner doesn’t have it? How do I know who gave me herpes?

One possibility is that you have had herpes for a long time and only recently were diagnosed. It can be very hard to determine when herpes was contracted, and many people carry it asymptomatically. The only way to determine who gave you herpes is to be diagnosed right after having oral or penetrative sex with someone for the first time.

What can be mistaken for herpes? Can herpes be just one bump?

Common conditions easily mistaken for herpes include yeast infections, bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, syphilis, urinary tract infection, and common acne. Herpes may present as one single sore, though it is most commonly a small patch of red or white bumps around the mouth or genitals.

Can a herpes outbreak last months? Why does my herpes never go away?

Typically, herpes outbreak are resolved in 2 to 3 weeks, though sores may take up to 4 weeks to heal. In severe cases, such as for those who are immunocompromised, herpes may take months to completely disappear. It is important to not that herpes never truly goes away, as the virus remain dormant in your body even when outbreaks are not present.

What can trigger herpes outbreaks? What foods trigger herpes outbreaks?

It’s not known what exactly triggers herpes outbreaks. Flare-ups are commonly associated with sickness, poor diet, emotional or physical stress, sexual activity, and prolonged exposure to sunlight. Some people have found avoiding foods high in the amino acid Arginine reduces the likelihood of a herpes outbreak. Arginine is commonly found in chocolate and many types of nuts. Excessive caffeine, red wine, and smoking may also be triggers to avoid.

Read more about herpes:

Genital Herpes: A Review – American Family Physician

1. Whitley RJ,
Kimberlin DW,
Roizman B.
Herpes simplex viruses. Clin Infect Dis.
1998;26:541–53….

2. Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines 2002.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR Recomm Rep.
2002;51:1–78.

3. Xu F,
Schillinger JA,
Sternberg MR,
Johnson RE,
Lee FK,
Nahmias AJ,

et al.
Seroprevalence and coinfection with herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in the United States, 1988–1994. J Infect Dis.
2002;185:1019–24.

4. Schacker T.
The role of HSV in the transmission and progression of HIV. Herpes.
2001;8:46–9.

5. Corey L,
Handsfield HH.
Genital herpes and public health: addressing a global problem. JAMA.
2000;283:791–4.

6. Wald A,
Zeh J,
Selke S,
Warren T,
Ryncarz AJ,
Ashley R,

et al.
Reactivation of genital herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in asymptomatic seropositive persons. N Engl J Med.
2000;342:844–50.

7. Lautenschlager S,
Eichmann A.
The heterogeneous clinical spectrum of genital herpes. Dermatology.
2001;202:211–9.

8. Habif TP. Clinical dermatology. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby, 1996:306–10.

9. Corey L.
First-episode, recurrent, and asymptomatic herpes simplex infections. J Am Acad Dermatol.
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10. Corey L,
Adams HG,
Brown ZA,
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Genital herpes simplex virus infections: clinical manifestations, course, and complications. Ann Intern Med.
1983;98:958–72.

11. Krone MR,
Wald A,
Tabet SR,
Paradise M,
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Celum CL.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 shedding in human immunodeficiency virus-negative men who have sex with men: frequency, patterns, and risk factors. Clin Infect Dis.
2000;30:261–7.

12. Mertz GJ,
Benedetti J,
Ashley R,
Selke SA,
Corey L.
Risk factors for the sexual transmission of genital herpes. Ann Intern Med.
1992;116:197–202.

13. Benedetti J,
Corey L,
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Recurrence rates in genital herpes after symptomatic first-episode infection. Ann Intern Med.
1994;121:847–54.

14. Blank H,
Haines HG.
Experimental human reinfection with herpes simplex virus. J Invest Dermatol.
1973;61:223–5.

15. Wald A,
Langenberg AG,
Link K,
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et al.
Effect of condoms on reducing the transmission of herpes simplex virus type 2 from men to women. JAMA.
2001;285:3100–6.

16. Ashley RL.
Genital herpes. Type-specific antibodies for diagnosis and management. Dermatol Clin.
1998;16:789–93.

17. Koutsky LA,
Stevens CE,
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et al.
Underdiagnosis of genital herpes by current clinical and viral-isolation procedures. N Engl J Med.
1992;326:1533–9.

18. Ashley RL,
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Genital herpes: review of the epidemic and potential use of type-specific serology. Clin Microbiol Rev.
1999;12:1–8.

19. Brown TJ,
McCrary M,
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Antiviral agents: non-antiretroviral [correction of nonantiviral] drugs [published correction appears in J Am Acad Dermatol 2002;47:972]. J Am Acad Dermatol.
2002;47:581–99.

20. Simmons A,
Field HJ.
Can HSV latency be conquered by current antiviral therapies?. Sex Transm Infect.
1998;74:1–2.

21. Mertz GJ, Benedetti J, Critchlow C, Corey L. Long-term recurrence rates of genital herpes infections after treatment of first-episode genital herpes with oral acyclovir. In: Kono R, Nakajima A. Herpes viruses and virus chemotherapy: pharmacological and clinical approaches: proceedings of the International Symposium on Pharmacological and Clinical Approaches to Herpes Viruses and Virus Chemotherapy, Oiso, Japan, 10–13 September 1984. Amsterdam and New York: Elsevier, 1985:141–4.

22. Mertz GJ,
Critchlow CW,
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Dolin R,
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et al.
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1984;252:1147–51.

23. Reichman RC,
Badger GJ,
Mertz GJ,
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1984;251:2103–7.

24. Diaz-Mitoma F,
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Oral famciclovir for the suppression of recurrent genital herpes: a randomized controlled trial. Collaborative Famciclovir Genital Herpes Research Group. JAMA.
1998;280:887–92.

25. Patel R,
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Impact of suppressive antiviral therapy on the health related quality of life of patients with recurrent genital herpes infection. Sex Transm Infect.
1999;75:398–402.

26. Whitley RJ,
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1992;327:782–9.

27. Reitano M,
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Valaciclovir for the suppression of recurrent genital herpes simplex virus infection: a large-scale dose range-finding study. International Valaciclovir HSV Study Group. J Infect Dis.
1998;178:603–10.

28. Fife KH,
Crumpacker CS,
Mertz GJ,
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Boone GS.
Recurrence and resistance patterns of herpes simplex virus following cessation of > or = 6 years of chronic suppression with acyclovir. Acyclovir Study Group. J Infect Dis.
1994;169:1338–41.

29. Reusser P.
Herpesvirus resistance to antiviral drugs: a review of the mechanisms, clinical importance and therapeutic options. J Hosp Infect.
1996;33:235–48.

30. Wald A,
Zeh J,
Barnum G,
Davis LG,
Corey L.
Suppression of subclinical shedding of herpes simplex virus type 2 with acyclovir. Ann Intern Med.
1996;124:8–15.

31. Corey L,
Wald A,
Patel R,
Sacks SL,
Tyring SK,
Warren T,

et al.
Once-daily valacyclovir to reduce the risk of transmission of genital herpes. N Engl J Med.
2004;350:11–20.

32. Corey L,
Nahmias AJ,
Guinan ME,
Benedetti JK,
Critchlow CW,
Holmes KK.
A trial of topical acyclovir in genital herpes simplex virus infections. N Engl J Med.
1982;306:1313–9.

33. Griffith RS,
Walsh DE,
Myrmel KH,
Thompson RW,
Behforooz A.
Success of L-lysine therapy in frequently recurrent herpes simplex infection. Treatment and prophylaxis. Dermatologica.
1987;175:183–90.

34. Karadi I,
Karpati S,
Romics L.
Aspirin in the management of recurrent herpes simplex virus infection. Ann Intern Med.
1998;128:696–7.

35. Csonka GW,
Tyrrell DA.
Treatment of herpes genitalis with carbenoxolone and cicloxolone creams: a double blind placebo controlled clinical trial. Br J Vener Dis.
1984;60:178–81.

36. Wolbling RH,
Leonhardt K.
Local therapy of herpes simplex with dried extract of Melissa officinalis. Phytomedicine.
1994;1:25–31.

37. Eby GA,
Halcomb WW.
Use of topical zinc to prevent recurrent herpes simplex infection: review of literature and suggested protocols. Med Hypotheses.
1985;17:157–65.

38. Syed TA,
Afzal M,
Ashfaq Ahmad S,
Holt AH,
Ali Ahmad S,
Ahmad SH.
Management of genital herpes in men with 0.5% Aloe vera extract in a hydrophilic cream: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. J Dermatol Treat.
1997;8:99–102.

39. Stanberry LR,
Cunningham AL,
Mindel A,
Scott LL,
Spruance SL,
Aoki FY,

et al.
Prospects for control of herpes simplex virus disease through immunization. Clin Infect Dis.
2000;30:549–66.

40. Spruance SL,
Tyring SK,
Smith MH,
Meng TC.
Application of a topical immune response modifier, resiquimod gel, to modify the recurrence rate of recurrent genital herpes: a pilot study. J Infect Dis.
2001;184:196–200.

Herpes Genitalis – an overview

US
US (NHANES 2005–2008)7	3778	21%	19% of men and women combined
New York City, 2004149	1026	36%	10%
Suburban primary care offices in 6 US cities, 2002150	2733	28%	12% of men and women combined
Women who have sex with women (NHANES 2001–2006)151	315	8% of 54 self-identified as Lesbian, 36% of 96 who identified as bisexual, and 46% of 148 who identified as heterosexual	–
Seattle, Family Medicine Clinic, 1991–1993152	610	29%	26% of men and women combined
San Francisco, unmarried women, 1988–1999153	611	41%	13%
Western Pennsylvania, Family planning clinics, 1984–1987	4527	21. 6%	12.6%
INTERNATIONAL
NORTH AMERICA
Ontario, Canada, 2000154	1339	8%	–
British Columbia, Canada, pregnant women, 1999155	1215	17%	–
Mexico, 2000156	4233	21%	–
SOUTH AMERICA
Pueblorrico, Colombia, 2002–2003157	869	19%	–
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, pregnant women, 1998–2000158	399	29%	–
EUROPE
England, 2000159	2067	12%	–
France, ages 35–60, 1996160	2934	18%	–
Germany, 1997–1998161	1886	16%	–
Switzerland, pregnant women, 2004–2007162	1030	21%	–
Belgium, pregnant women, 2001–2002163	1000	18%	–
Amsterdam, 2004164	691	24%	–
Sweden, pregnant women, 200210	299	9%	–
Southwestern Finland, pregnant women, 2000165	580	9%	44%
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA
Israel, pregnant women, 2003166	512	13%	6%
Saudi Arabia, pregnant women167	926	27%	–
Morocco, pregnant women, 1998–2000158	1663	13%	–
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Senegal, pregnant women, 2003 and 200613	888	16%	–
Farafenni area, The Gambia, 1999168	1317	32%
Cotonou, Benin169	935	30%	–
Yaoundé, Cameroon, 1997–1998169	1002	51%	–
Eritrea, pregnant women,14	113	23%	–
Kenya, 2007170	8953	42%	–
Kampala, Uganda, Primary care clinics, 1999–2004, ages 18–3521	2235	52%	27% with history of genital ulcers
Moshi, Tanzania, Primary care clinics, 1999171	382	39%	2%
Karonga District, Malawi, 2002–2005172	205	56%	–
Ndola, Zambia,1997–1998169	885	55%	–
Harare and Chitungwiza, Zimbabwe, Primary care clinics,1999–2004, ages 18–3521	2296	53%	13% with history of genital ulcers
Johannesburg, South Africa, Family Planning Clinic, 200311	210	70%	–
ASIA
Turkey, pregnant women173	300	5%	0%
Andhra Pradesh, India, 2004–2005174	6382	7%	–
Ragama, Sri Lanka, pregnant women, 2000158	757	8%	–
Dhaka, Bangladesh, Primary care clinic,1996–98175	1879	12%	–
Southern China, Pregnant women, 2004–2006176	1740	24%	–
Korea, 2005177	228	13%	–
Hisayama, Japan, 2002178	670	9%	–
Indonesia, Maternal and child health, antenatal and gynecology clinics, 1999–200016	336	19%	–
AUSTRALIA
Australia, 1999–2000179	2261	16%	–
High-Risk Settings
US
5 STD Clinics in the US, 1993–1995180	1780	52%	12%
STD Clinic, Birmingham, Alabama, ages 18–34, 1992–1996181	1103	64%	13%
CENTRAL AMERICA
Female Sex Workers (FSWs), Guatemala12	533	89%	–
FSWs, El Salvador12	491	96%	–
FSWs, Honduras12	520	91%	–
FSWs, Nicaragua12	461	82%	–
FSWs, Panama12	432	73%	–
EUROPE
FSWs, London, 1985–2000182	453	60%	11. 8%
Sexual Health Clinic, London, 1996183	376	24%	22% of men and women combined
STD Clinic, Paris184	223	67%	9% of men and women combined
STD Clinic, Spain, 1996–1997185	245	30%	30% of men and women combined
STD Clinic, Milan, Italy, HIV-negative patients186	229	28%	13% of men and women combined
STD Clinic, Gothenburg,Sweden, 200210	290	23%	–
MIDDLE EAST
STD Clinic, Israel, 1998–99187	115	15%	22% of men and women combined with a history of vesicular lesions
AFRICA
FSWs, Senegal, 200613	604	88%	–
STD Clinic, Jos, Nigeria188	148	86%	–
FSWs, Eritrea14	107	80%	–
Bangui, Central African Republic, Reproductive Health Center, 1998–1999189	300	82%	–
FSWs, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2002190	501	59%	–
ASIA
FSWs, Turkey173	483	60%	–
FSWs, Rawalpindi and Abbottabad, Pakistan191	533	7. 3%	–
FSWs, Goa, India, 2004–5192	326	57%	–
STD Clinic, Sri Lanka158	276	49%	–
FSWs, Bangladesh15	463	95%	–
FSWs, Shanghai, China, 2008–2009193	793	47%	–
FSWs, Yunnan Province, China, 2006194	737	68%	2.2% with a history of genital ulcers in the previous year
FSWs, Seoul, South Korea, 2003195	188	86%	–
FSWs, Vietnam, 2002–2003196	904	28%	–
FSWs, Thailand,1991–1994197	500	76%	–
STD Clinic, Singapore198	200	31%	–
FSWs, Singapore199	294	79%	20%
FSWs, Indonesia16	176	87%	–
STD Clinic, Indonesia16	82	18%	–

Herpes II (genital herpes)

Last Reviewed: November 2006

What is herpes II?

Herpes II is a sexually transmitted viral infection, which often produces painful sores, usually in the genital area. Once infected, an individual may carry the virus and be subject to recurrent bouts of infection. Some estimate that as many as 20 percent of the adult population in the United States has been exposed to the virus.

Who gets herpes II?

Any person who has intimate sexual contact with an infected person can contract the infection. In addition, herpes II can be spread from an infected mother to her child during birth.

How is herpes II spread?

The herpes II virus is spread during sexual contact with an infected person who is secreting the virus in fluids from lesions or mucous membranes.

What are the symptoms of herpes II?

Typically, the first signs of herpes II is a cluster of blister-like lesions in the genital area (head of penis, labia, anus, cervix) which spread and merge, break and crust over within four to 15 days. The fluid from these itching, painful sores is highly infectious. Other frequent symptoms are painful urination, urethral or vaginal discharge and swollen lymph nodes. The first exposure or primary episode consists of headache, fever, chills and muscular weakness. Recurrent episodes are less severe and are limited to the affected area.

How soon do symptoms appear?

Some studies have shown that from one-half to two-thirds of people infected with the virus will have no symptoms. But, if they appear, local symptoms may be seen from two to 12 days after exposure.

When and for how long is a person able to spread herpes II?

People are most likely to transmit the virus when the lesions are evident. There is evidence, however, that the virus may be shed even when no symptoms of a recurrent episode are present.

Does past infection with herpes II make a person immune?

No. After the initial infection, the herpes II virus becomes dormant within the body. Symptoms may recur with varying frequency and are often associated with stress factors.

What is the treatment for herpes II?

Acyclovir, valacyclovir and famciclovir have been shown to reduce the shedding of herpes II virus, diminish pain and speed the healing of primary herpes lesions. In the oral form, this treatment also appears to shorten the duration of both primary and recurrent episodes.

What can a person or community do to prevent the spread of herpes II?

Avoidance of sexual contact with symptomatic individuals is an immediate, but only partial answer because herpes virus may be shed while the infected individual remains asymptomatic. Cesarean section is often recommended when primary or recurrent herpes II lesions occur in late pregnancy.

Sexual relations should be approached responsibly.

• Limit the number of your sex partners.
• Use a male or female condom.
• If you think you are infected, avoid any sexual contact and visit the local STD clinic, a hospital or your doctor.

Further Information

STD Awareness: Asymptomatic Shedding of Herpes

Pictured above: From http://www.nitrd.gov/PUBS/bluebooks/1994/section.4.5.html

Q: Can I catch herpes if my partner isn’t having an outbreak?
A: Yes, your partner can transmit the virus even if he or she isn’t experiencing symptoms. In fact, most genital herpes infections are transmitted in the absence of symptoms.

When most people think about genital herpes, they think about the symptoms that are associated with it: clusters of blistery sores around the genitals or buttocks. But most genital herpes infections don’t have symptoms — they are asymptomatic — or the symptoms are so mild or nonspecific that the person suffering from them doesn’t even make the mental connection. It is estimated that only 10 to 15 percent of people with herpes exhibit symptoms, which may be a silver lining for the millions who unknowingly carry the virus, but it also helps it spread more easily.

What is genital herpes, anyway?

Genital herpes can be caused by two types of herpes simplex viruses — either herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) or herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). The difference between the two viruses is that HSV-1 is more active when it infects the facial region, where it can cause cold sores; HSV-2 is more active when it infects the genitals. Genital infections with HSV-1 tend to be milder than genital infections with HSV-2. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that, among Americans 14 to 49 years old, 1 out of 5 women and 1 out of 9 men have a genital HSV-2 infection. Because that stat doesn’t count genital HSV-1 infections, the overall number of people with genital herpes is actually higher.

An “outbreak” occurs when genital herpes symptoms appear. The most well-known symptom is a cluster of blisters or open sores in the genital or rectal area. Other symptoms, which might be mild or might not be recognized as being part of an infection, include:

• very small lesions
• itching
• soreness
• genital pain
• tingling or shooting pains below the waist
• during the first outbreak: flu-like feeling, fever, chills, or swollen glands

These symptoms are very common, and we could experience any of them on any day for a number of reasons, so it’s quite possible for someone to experience them as a result of a genital herpes infection but not make the connection. Some people with herpes infections learn to recognize these subtle cues to better predict when the virus is flaring up, which could help them avoid transmitting the virus to their partners.

How is herpes spread without an outbreak?

People infected with HSV periodically go through phases in which they are “shedding” the virus, meaning that their bodies are producing infectious virus particles that can be transmitted to others through close contact. HSV can originate from a number of places, including the vulva, cervix, penile skin, scrotal area, urethra, anal area, feces, urine, and semen.

When someone infected with HSV experiences genital blisters or sores, he or she is certainly shedding virus as well. But the virus can also replicate silently, meaning that you don’t experience symptoms but you do produce copies of the virus, which you can potentially transmit. It’s much more common to shed virus when no genital lesions are present — this phenomenon is called asymptomatic shedding.

About 75 percent of asymptomatic shedding events only last for a day, while viral shedding lasts longer when accompanied by symptoms. Asymptomatic shedding is partially influenced by a few factors:

• HSV type: A genital HSV-1 infection is milder than a genital HSV-2 infection. Genital HSV-1 infections have fewer recurrences and are associated with less asymptomatic shedding.
• Duration of infection: While it’s thought that viral shedding never ceases completely, the rate does seem to decrease over time. Someone who has been infected with HSV for many years probably sheds less virus than someone who has recently acquired the infection.
• Immune status: A compromised immune system might increase the rate at which someone with an HSV infection sheds virus. For example, people with HIV might shed HSV at a higher rate than their HIV-negative counterparts.

Older studies on asymptomatic shedding relied on a technique called “viral culture” to detect HSV from subjects, and found that people with herpes infections were asymptomatically shedding on around 1 to 4 percent of days. Recently, however, researchers started using PCR, a highly sensitive technology that can “amplify” DNA from very small sample sizes — and they are finding higher rates of asymptomatic shedding. For instance, one team found that females with recent HSV-2 genital infections shed virus on 28 percent of days on average. Males with recent HSV-2 genital infections, or a history of frequent herpes outbreaks, were found to shed virus on 32 percent of days on average. Other studies have had similar findings.

The rate of asymptomatic shedding varies from individual to individual. Thanks to genetic variation, our immune systems are all different, and there are even slight genetic differences between HSV strains, leading to unique host/virus interactions. Unless we are being studied by herpes researchers, we can’t know for sure how often we are asymptomatically shedding.

If I have genital herpes, how can I protect my partner?

Most HSV transmissions occur during periods of asymptomatic shedding, but there are still preventive steps you can take. If you have a genital HSV infection, you can:

• use condoms consistently and correctly, if you or your partner has a penis
• use dental dams for cunnilingus or anilingus if the giving partner has an oral HSV infection, or if the receiving partner has a genital HSV infection
• consider herpes medications, such as acyclovir or valacyclovir, which decrease rates of asymptomatic shedding (and outbreaks!)
• seek education from a sexual health provider, who can help you recognize mild or atypical herpes outbreaks
• in the event of symptoms, practice abstinence until seven days after genital lesions have healed

Need more information? Make an appointment at a Planned Parenthood health center to be tested for HSV or to learn about safer sex, herpes medication, and more. And drop by any time to pick up latex condoms, female condoms, and dental dams!

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90,000 Cold lip again? How to deal with a herpes infection.

Some associate the onset of autumn with the beginning of school, some associate it with returning from their summer cottage to Riga, and some associate it with a runny nose and a “cold on the lip”. Those who know what this means are already armed with tried and tested remedies that can reduce the distress and appearance of a cold sore or herpes infection in humans at least a little bit. Consider both classic and alternative treatments that help to cope with a herpes infection both during an exacerbation and in the long term, so that next time this infection is easier and less frequent.Explains Dr. Santa Liepa, family doctor, homeopath.

First, let’s find out what causes such suffering.

What is herpes?

The herpes virus has 2 main types – Herpes simplex 1 and 2 (damage to the nose, lips, mucous membrane of the mouth and eyes, as well as on the genitals) and Herpes zoster (chickenpox and neuropathy). The infection caused by the herpes virus is highly contagious and is carried by contact with damaged skin or mucous membranes. This happens, for example, during kissing or during sexual intercourse.After infection, the herpes virus enters the nervous system through damaged skin and mucous membranes, where it remains to live.

Circumstances causing the activation of herpes

Herpes is activated in unfavorable environmental conditions, for example, freezing, draft, as well as during internal processes, for example, in case of stress, another serious illness, such as cancer or HIV infection … When activated, this manifests itself first as a local burning and itching sensation, then a rash appears in the form of a bubble and a sore, which at the end becomes covered with a crust.Anyone who has had it at least once knows how severe the pain can be and how long herpes rashes may not heal. After infection, the herpes virus is in the human body in an inactive state in the nervous system throughout life, and people see and feel its manifestations if the immune system is weakened for any reason.

Strengthen the immune system so that there are no outbreaks of herpes

no.

The basic laws that should be observed by any person are known to everyone, but not everyone wants to engage in disease prevention. However, if you are reading this information, you are ready to start somewhere. The basic laws, like the table, are 4 points of support.

1.Sleep. Ideally, it is necessary to sleep from 22:00 to 6:00, since it is at this time that the human body most fully restores its physical and psychological resources. But do you do it because of children, work or holidays?

2. Correct diet and drink, varied menu. There are general and individual patterns, the regular violation of which will sooner or later lead to the development of the disease. For example, the simultaneous consumption of proteins and carbohydrates.

3. State of emotional and psychological balance. In short – when a person is pleased with himself, the people around him and the world.

4. Move every day – individually for each, but not less than 30 minutes a day. At least take a brisk walk to work.

Additionally, it is possible to choose a preparation for internal use , which has already helped before and which is known to help in the prevention of viral infections, for example, Wobenzym, echinacea, propolis, zinc and selenium, cat’s claw and other herbal preparations. You should not take them all together, it is better to choose one and then evaluate your feelings and results.

Other ways to strengthen immunity

There are other ways to strengthen immunity and ensure the acid-base balance of your internal environment, which determines whether the pathogen will like being there or better to move to the exit.In an acidic environment, when the pH is less than 4.5, our various living neighbors appear – viruses, bacteria, fungi, unicellular and cancer cells. The correct acid-base balance helps maintain negative ion therapy, alkaline water, proper nutrition, and being in nature and in a stress-free environment.

If we want to restore our health in an individual way, it is best to do this under the supervision of a specialist – immunologist, homeopath, nutritionist.

How to help yourself if herpes appears

It is most reasonable to tidy up your internal environment so that the herpes virus sits quietly in your house and does not leave it.But if this has already happened, you should know how to act so that these manifestations are easier. In homeopathy, in this case, symptomatic remedies are used designed to alleviate an acute condition, for example, Rhus toxicodendrom, Cantharis , etc. The person himself cannot choose them without special knowledge, therefore there are drugs intended for local external use: synthetic drugs Acyclovir , Larifan and Zovirax , and, for example, Loroziv, Virogel are preparations with natural ingredients.Sometimes it is effective in the initial stage, when the itching sensation has just appeared, to use very simple substances – marigold tincture or tea tree oil or 40% alcohol solution.

If we do nothing, the bubbles and ulcers, of course, will pass over time (the bubble cannot be pierced, because the contents of the bubble are contagious, and the crust cannot be torn off – this slows down healing), but it is unlikely that pain, an unattractive appearance and possible complications – this is what you need to endure.Knowledge and active, correct actions always lead to a positive result and allow us to enjoy life in all colors.

Photo: Shutterstock

Herpes viruses and how they are treated

Moreover, the same cytomegalovirus can threaten you with autoimmune disease without additional stimulation. A publication in one of the most cited medical journals, The Lancet, indicates that cytomegalovirus is associated with type 1 diabetes. There are also reports that herpes viruses can contribute to the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome, in which muscle weakness occurs in patients due to autoimmune inflammatory processes.And this is not a complete list.

It is extremely rare for the Epstein-Barr virus to become chronically active, that is, to cause “lifelong” infectious mononucleosis. But even in such cases, according to research by immunologists, the amount of immunoglobulins in the body may soon increase, since the virus forces the cells to multiply, in which its lysogenic cycle passes. But it is B-lymphocytes that produce these same immunoglobulins. Why add them additionally is not entirely clear.

Interferons are not so diverse (although still enough) and cannot be personal guards for each type of viruses and bacteria, like antibodies. Rather, their function is to activate the immune system, calling on cells to defend themselves when an enemy is detected in the body. Thanks to them, various cells of the immune system come to full alert, and “civilians” begin to more actively show the pieces of proteins found inside, so that the presence of the enemy is easier to detect. But the body of a person who does not suffer from immunodeficiency produces all these substances in abundance on its own. Treating everything with them will not work, since the immune system is complex and delicate. Keeping your inner army in a state of incessant aggression is not the wisest decision to maintain peace and tranquility in the body.

In addition, according to a review in the Annual Review of Microbiology, many human herpes viruses successfully suppress the work of our interferons against themselves, so you can hardly influence them in any way.

On the other hand, immunotherapy can be effective against cancer and other complications caused by herpes viruses.However, it is important here which antibodies we use, because each antibody is aimed at a specific pathogen. With interferons, everything is also not easy, and although immune therapy promises a great future (especially in oncology), scientists have not yet fully figured out how to use such a powerful weapon. Therefore, in the fight against herpes viruses, it is easier to hope for the emergence of new vaccines than for an early complete cure and for packs of various “-ferons” that have become so popular in the CIS countries.

Our advice cannot be equated with a doctor’s prescription.Before you start taking this or that drug, be sure to consult with a specialist.

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Herpes zoster is an infectious disease that occurs in people who have had chickenpox. It is caused by a virus that attacks the dorsal roots of the spinal cord, the intervertebral ganglia, and the skin. Clinically characterized by a moderately pronounced syndrome of general infectious intoxication, a vesicular rash along the sensory nerves involved in the process, and severe pain.Treatment of herpes zoster in adults. The choice of treatment method for each individual patient is determined by the severity of the manifestations and the severity of the lesions. Herpes on the body causes big problems, treatment with local remedies is difficult, and touching clothes aggravates pain, there is a high likelihood of secondary bacterial infection of the ulcers. Treatment of herpes zoster is determined not only by symptoms, but also requires correction of immune disorders, against the background of the mandatory use of high doses of specific drugs.This is a complex therapy taking into account the present and initial condition of the patient. Shingles (herpes zoster) is a common human disease characterized by general infectious symptoms, skin manifestations and neurological disorders of the central and peripheral nervous system. It all starts with a rise in temperature, tingling sensation, burning, itching at the site of the rash, headache. Limited pink spots up to five centimeters in diameter appear along the nerve trunks of the trunk, limbs or head.On the second day, bubbles 2–3 mm in diameter, filled with transparent contents, appear. What is herpes zoster? After suffering from chickenpox, the herpes virus enters the nerve ganglia (nodes) and can exist there for years without causing any symptoms. But with a decrease in immunity, stress, and also in old age, the virus can suddenly become active. According to statistics, this can happen to one in five of us. Herpes zoster (shingles) usually begins with a rise in temperature and redness of the skin on the body, there may be a tingling sensation in this area.Then bubbles appear on the skin. The bubbles are always located along the nerves, so the rash on the trunk looks like a belt. Hence the name of the disease – herpes zoster. Herpes zoster, or, as it is also called, herpes zoster, is one of the most incomprehensible viral diseases for an ordinary person. It is often confused with other types of lichen (pink, ringworm, scaly), which are caused by fungal infections of the skin, as well as various autoimmune processes. In the case of herpes zoster, the herpesvirus type 3, Varicella zoster, leads to the appearance of clinical symptoms and skin rashes.This virus also causes the well-known chickenpox. It turns out that the same virus causes two diseases at once? But how can this be? Let’s figure it out! What is herpes? This is a viral disease in which a characteristic rash in the form of bubbles appears on the skin and mucous membranes. There are about 80 types of herpes viruses that cause chickenpox, shingles, and even some forms of cancer. But most often people are faced with the herpes simplex virus, the symptoms of which are manifested on the face, lips, mucous membranes.Types of herpes simplex (HSV): HSV-1 – affects the skin of the face, the red border of the lips, mucous membranes; HSV-2 – genital: causes rashes in the genital area and anus, provokes specific inflammation of the appendages and cervix. Herpes – a description of the disease, classifications, symptoms in adults and children, causes of the onset of the disease, diagnostic methods and methods of treating the disease, a list of recommended tests and studies, which doctor to contact, complications and prevention. Among the eight types of herpes known to science, the most common is the herpes simplex virus (Herpes simplex virus).Herpes simplex virus is rather unstable in the external environment. At room temperature, it lasts up to 24 hours, on metal – up to 2 hours. The content of the article. Types of the disease. Service prices. The main symptoms of the disease. How is herpes zoster transmitted? The causes of the disease. Which doctor to contact. Methods of treating the disease. Treatment for herpes zoster in the elderly. Duration of treatment of the disease. How to relieve herpes zoster pain. Prevention. Herpes zoster (shingles) is an infectious disease triggered by the varicella-zoster virus.The disease is characterized by the appearance of rashes. The incubation period for herpes zoster is from 10 to 20 days, the average duration is two weeks. Types of the disease. Treatment principles. Herpes can and should be treated. Currently, medicine has a whole arsenal of drugs that allow, in most cases, to obtain a stable clinical effect in those who suffer from recurrent herpes and to successfully control the periods of disease activation in asymptomatic forms.It is impossible to achieve complete removal of the virus from the body with the currently existing methods of treatment; it is possible to maintain the body in such a state when the virus will not have a chance to activate. Currently, there are two main directions of attraction of herpes simplex. Herpes zoster (syn. – herpes zoster) is a viral disease characterized by unilateral skin rashes with severe pain syndrome. The causative agent – the varicella zoster virus (Varicella zoster) of the herpesvirus family, at the first meeting with the body (more often at a young age) causes typical chickenpox.It is the participation of nerves in the development of the disease that provides a pronounced pain syndrome. In most cases, the intercostal nerves or the trigeminal nerve are affected. A characteristic feature of herpes zoster is one-sidedness of the lesion. Depending on the localization of nerve damage, the following conditions may develop. Herpes sits in almost 100% of people. It can come out at the slightest stress, overload, so do not wind yourself up too much. The baby is protected by breastfeeding. Save. Complain.Yana, March 1, 2019. Client. I drink vitamins for nursing mothers. I have no idea where this muck comes from. Save. Complain. Anastasia Stepashkina, March 1, 2019. Hematologist, Therapist. Perhaps not herpes yet, be treated with local remedies. What is the current treatment (inside, outside)? Save. Complain. Yana, March 1, 2019. Client. Inna, good afternoon. Thanks for the answer. The Herpes zoster virus in a dormant state is located in the nerve ganglia and does not give any clinical manifestations, and when it becomes active, due to provoking factors, it causes the appearance of shingles.About 20% of people who have previously had chickenpox may subsequently develop herpes zoster. In most cases, shingles only occurs once. Immune system disorders, oncological diseases, leukemia, lymphoma, immunodeficiency are unfavorable factors and increase the risk of manifestation and development of Herpes zoster. Is it possible to treat acyclovir during pregnancy for the treatment of herpes and the possible risks to the fetus. Acyclovir belongs to a class of antiviral drugs called synthetic nucleoside analogs.It works by stopping the spread of the herpes virus in the body. Used to reduce pain and speed up the healing of sores or blisters in people with chickenpox (chickenpox), shingles, a rash that can occur in people who have had chickenpox in the past, and outbreaks of genital herpes (occasionally causes sores to form around genitals and rectum). On the dangers of experimental treatment. 5 tips for parents from UNICEF during a pandemic. On the isolation of coronavirus by children.Allergy to food of a nursing mother. Eighth allergy myth: skin treatment through the intestines. The seventh overeating allergy myth.

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90,000 Sports and COVID-19: Is it true that those who are active are better protected

Sports and COVID-19: Is it true that those who are active are better protected

Scientists have released fresh data on the impact of physical activity on the risk of contracting COVID-19, Delovoy Kazakhstan reports.

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As you know, the COVID-19 epidemic has had a profound impact on the health care system of all countries and on the lives of all people in the world.

COVID-19 is exacerbated by the known negative effects of social isolation and immunity constraints. In stress hormones, in particular, glucocorticoid levels such as cortisol have been shown to increase during periods of isolation and this can affect important functions of our immune system. Cortisol alters the response of the immune system and suppresses the digestive system, reproductive system, and growth processes. This complex natural signaling system also interacts with areas of the brain that control mood, motivation, and fear.

When a person experiences psychological stress, the ability of T cells to multiply in response to infectious agents is markedly reduced, as well as the ability of certain types of lymphocytes (for example, NK cells and CD8 + cells) to recognize and kill foreign agents in our body. In addition, it is important that immune cells retain the ability to “patrol” vulnerable areas of the body (such as the upper respiratory tract and lungs) to prevent the spread of viruses or other dangerous pathogens.

Exercise is known to mobilize parts of the immune system responsible for recognizing and killing virus-infected cells. There is a kind of mobilization of cells into secondary lymphoid organs and tissues, in particular, into the lungs and intestines, where enhanced immune protection may be required. The immune cells that are mobilized through exercise are tuned to look for foreign agents and infected cells.

Sports exercise leads to increased circulation of immune cells between blood and tissues, which ultimately helps to strengthen immune surveillance and makes us more resistant to infection and better equipped to fight viruses and pathogens.

Exercise has also been shown to release a variety of proteins that can help support immunity, in particular muscle-derived cytokines such as IL-6, IL-7, and IL-15. It has been found that the cytokine IL-6 “directs” the transport of immune cells to the area of ​​infection, while IL-7 can promote the production of new T cells from the thymus, and IL-15 helps maintain peripheral T cells and NK cells.

Exercise is especially beneficial for the elderly, who are generally more susceptible to infection and have also been identified as a particularly vulnerable population during the COVID-19 outbreak.

It is therefore vitally important to maintain levels of physical activity within the recommended limits. Exercise may not only have a direct positive effect on the cells and molecules of the immune system, but it is also known to counteract the negative effects of isolation stress.

Although there is currently no specific scientific evidence on the direct effect of exercise on the coronavirus, there is evidence that exercise can protect the host from many other viral infections, including influenza, rhinovirus (another cause of the common cold), and herpes viruses such as Epstein-Barr , chickenpox and herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1).

Work from the Jeff Woods laboratory at the University of Illinois has shown that moderate-intensity exercise during active influenza infection protects mice from death. It also promoted favorable immune cell composition and cytokine shifts in the lungs, which were associated with long-term survival.

In fact, exercise can mitigate the negative effects of psychological stress in maintaining immune function, especially during long periods of isolation.

A new study in the United States shows that people with less physical activity are more likely to end up in hospital or die from COVID-19.According to these new calculations, an inactive lifestyle is at greater risk of contracting COVID-19 than any other risk factor other than age and organ transplantation.

British Journal of Sports Medicine (BJSM)

In a study, scientists asked people how much they exercised in the two years before the outbreak of the pandemic. Using this information, people were divided into three groups. The first group, described as “constantly inactive,” did not exercise more than 10 minutes per week. The second group did “some activity” —exercise 11 to 149 minutes per week.The third group constantly followed the rules of physical activity, exercising for 150 minutes a week or more. Exercise was defined as a moderate to vigorous activity such as a brisk walk.

Compared to people who exercised for at least 150 minutes a week, people who were constantly inactive were more than twice as likely to be hospitalized and dying from COVID-19. They also had a greater risk of hospitalization and death than those involved in physical activity.

There are many reasons to trust this study, as it used data from nearly 50,000 people who were infected with COVID-19 between January and October 2020. Information about how long they trained was collected before COVID-19 hit the stage.

The researchers also took into account factors that can distort the picture, such as how old someone was and what other health conditions they have.