What are the main types of contact dermatitis. How can you identify the symptoms of allergic and irritant contact dermatitis. What are the most common causes of skin reactions. How can contact dermatitis be treated effectively at home and when should you seek medical attention.

Understanding Contact Dermatitis: A Common Skin Condition

Contact dermatitis is a widespread skin condition characterized by red, itchy rashes that develop when the skin comes into contact with irritating substances or allergens. While often uncomfortable, it’s typically not a severe medical issue. However, understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatment options is crucial for managing this condition effectively.

Types of Contact Dermatitis: Allergic, Irritant, and Photocontact

There are three primary types of contact dermatitis, each with distinct characteristics:

• Allergic contact dermatitis
• Irritant contact dermatitis
• Photocontact dermatitis

Allergic contact dermatitis occurs when the skin develops an allergic reaction to a foreign substance, triggering the release of inflammatory chemicals. Irritant contact dermatitis, the most common type, results from direct contact with toxic materials. Photocontact dermatitis, though less frequent, involves a reaction when certain skin products are exposed to sunlight.

Allergic Contact Dermatitis: When Your Skin Overreacts

Allergic contact dermatitis manifests when the immune system responds to an allergen, leading to inflammation and irritation. Common triggers include:

• Nickel or gold jewelry
• Latex gloves
• Fragrances in cosmetics and skincare products
• Poison oak or poison ivy

Why do some people develop allergies to these substances? The immune system mistakenly identifies these harmless materials as threats, initiating an inflammatory response to protect the body. This reaction can develop over time, explaining why someone might suddenly become allergic to a product they’ve used for years.

Irritant Contact Dermatitis: When Substances Harm Your Skin

Irritant contact dermatitis is caused by direct contact with toxic or irritating substances. Unlike allergic reactions, this type doesn’t involve the immune system. Common irritants include:

• Battery acid
• Bleach
• Drain cleaners
• Kerosene
• Detergents
• Pepper spray

Interestingly, even seemingly harmless substances like soap or water can cause irritant contact dermatitis if the skin is exposed too frequently. This explains why professions involving frequent hand-washing, such as healthcare workers or hairdressers, often experience this condition.

Recognizing the Symptoms: From Itching to Blisters

The symptoms of contact dermatitis can vary depending on the type and the individual’s sensitivity to the irritant or allergen. However, some common signs include:

Symptoms of Allergic Contact Dermatitis

• Dry, scaly, flaky skin
• Hives
• Oozing blisters
• Skin redness
• Darkened or leathery skin appearance
• Burning sensation
• Intense itching
• Sun sensitivity
• Swelling, especially in the eyes, face, or groin areas

Symptoms of Irritant Contact Dermatitis

• Blistering
• Cracking skin due to extreme dryness
• Swelling
• Stiff or tight skin
• Ulcerations
• Open sores that form crusts

Can the symptoms help determine the type of contact dermatitis? While there’s some overlap, the nature and progression of symptoms can often provide clues. For instance, allergic reactions tend to spread beyond the contact area, while irritant reactions are usually confined to the exposed skin.

Identifying the Culprits: Common Causes of Contact Dermatitis

Understanding what triggers contact dermatitis is crucial for prevention and management. Here are some frequent causes:

Everyday Items That Can Trigger Allergic Reactions

• Metals in jewelry (nickel, gold)
• Latex in gloves or other products
• Fragrances in perfumes, lotions, and cosmetics
• Preservatives in skincare products
• Plants like poison ivy, oak, or sumac

Substances That Often Cause Irritant Contact Dermatitis

• Harsh soaps and detergents
• Industrial chemicals
• Solvents and acids
• Frequent water exposure (especially in certain professions)
• Friction from rough fabrics

Is it possible to develop contact dermatitis from natural substances? Absolutely. Many plant-based ingredients, despite being natural, can cause skin reactions in sensitive individuals. Essential oils, for example, are common culprits of allergic contact dermatitis.

Diagnosing Contact Dermatitis: When to See a Doctor

While many cases of contact dermatitis can be managed at home, certain situations warrant medical attention. Consult a healthcare professional if:

• The rash is near your eyes or mouth
• It covers a large area of your body
• Home treatments don’t improve symptoms
• The rash is severe or worsening
• You suspect an infection (increased pain, warmth, or pus)

How do doctors diagnose contact dermatitis? The process typically involves:

1. A thorough medical history, including questions about recent exposures and daily routines
2. Physical examination of the affected skin
3. Patch testing (for suspected allergic contact dermatitis)
4. In some cases, a skin biopsy to rule out other conditions

Effective Treatment Strategies: From Home Remedies to Medical Interventions

The primary goal in treating contact dermatitis is to identify and remove the offending substance. Once that’s done, several approaches can help alleviate symptoms:

Home Remedies and Over-the-Counter Solutions

• Avoid scratching to prevent infection and further irritation
• Clean the affected area with mild soap and lukewarm water
• Apply petroleum jelly to soothe the skin
• Use anti-itch treatments like calamine lotion or hydrocortisone cream
• Take oral antihistamines to reduce itching and allergic response

Medical Treatments for Persistent or Severe Cases

• Prescription-strength topical corticosteroids
• Oral corticosteroids for widespread reactions
• Antibiotics if a secondary infection develops
• Phototherapy for chronic cases

How long does it take for contact dermatitis to clear up? With proper treatment and avoidance of the irritant, most cases improve within 2-4 weeks. However, chronic or recurring cases may require long-term management strategies.

Prevention Strategies: Keeping Your Skin Safe

Preventing contact dermatitis often involves a combination of awareness and proactive measures:

• Identify and avoid known allergens or irritants
• Use protective gear (gloves, long sleeves) when handling potential irritants
• Choose hypoallergenic and fragrance-free products
• Moisturize regularly to maintain skin barrier function
• Patch test new products before widespread use

Can lifestyle changes help prevent contact dermatitis? Absolutely. Simple adjustments like using a humidifier in dry environments, avoiding hot showers, and managing stress can all contribute to healthier, more resilient skin.

Living with Contact Dermatitis: Long-Term Management and Quality of Life

For individuals prone to contact dermatitis, long-term management is key to maintaining skin health and quality of life. This may involve:

• Keeping a symptom diary to identify patterns and triggers
• Regular follow-ups with a dermatologist
• Educating family members and coworkers about your sensitivities
• Exploring alternative products or materials to replace common triggers
• Managing stress, which can exacerbate skin conditions

How does contact dermatitis impact daily life? While it can be frustrating and uncomfortable, most people with contact dermatitis can lead normal, active lives with proper management. The key is to stay vigilant about avoiding triggers and addressing flare-ups promptly.

Emotional and Psychological Aspects of Skin Conditions

It’s important to acknowledge the emotional toll that visible skin conditions like contact dermatitis can take. Some individuals may experience:

• Decreased self-esteem
• Social anxiety
• Frustration with ongoing management
• Stress about potential flare-ups

Seeking support from mental health professionals or support groups can be beneficial for those struggling with the psychological impact of chronic skin conditions.

Emerging Research and Future Treatments

The field of dermatology is constantly evolving, with new research shedding light on skin conditions like contact dermatitis. Some exciting areas of study include:

• Development of more targeted topical treatments
• Exploration of the skin microbiome’s role in dermatitis
• Investigation of genetic factors influencing susceptibility
• Advancements in patch testing for more accurate diagnosis

What potential breakthroughs are on the horizon for contact dermatitis treatment? While it’s difficult to predict specific outcomes, researchers are exploring innovative approaches such as:

• Biologics that target specific inflammatory pathways
• Nanotechnology for improved drug delivery to the skin
• Personalized treatment plans based on genetic profiling
• Development of “smart” fabrics that repel common allergens

These advancements hold promise for more effective, personalized treatments in the future, potentially improving outcomes for those with persistent or severe contact dermatitis.

The Role of Diet and Nutrition in Skin Health

While contact dermatitis is primarily an external issue, there’s growing interest in the relationship between diet, overall health, and skin conditions. Some areas of focus include:

• The impact of anti-inflammatory diets on skin health
• The role of gut health in immune function and skin reactions
• Potential benefits of specific nutrients (e.g., omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D) for skin barrier function

Can dietary changes help manage contact dermatitis? While diet alone isn’t typically a cure, some individuals find that certain dietary modifications can support overall skin health and potentially reduce the frequency or severity of flare-ups. However, it’s essential to approach such changes under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

Global Perspectives on Contact Dermatitis

Contact dermatitis is a global health concern, but its prevalence and triggers can vary significantly across different regions and populations. Factors influencing these differences include:

• Environmental conditions (climate, pollution levels)
• Occupational exposures
• Cultural practices and lifestyle factors
• Access to healthcare and diagnostic services

How do these global variations impact research and treatment approaches? Understanding regional differences is crucial for:

• Developing targeted prevention strategies
• Tailoring diagnostic tools to specific populations
• Ensuring the relevance of clinical trials across diverse groups
• Addressing disparities in access to effective treatments

This global perspective underscores the importance of collaborative international research efforts in advancing our understanding and management of contact dermatitis.

The Economic Impact of Contact Dermatitis

Beyond its physical and emotional toll, contact dermatitis can have significant economic implications, both for individuals and society as a whole. Consider the following factors:

• Direct medical costs (doctor visits, medications, treatments)
• Lost productivity due to work absences or reduced efficiency
• Costs associated with product substitutions or lifestyle modifications
• Economic burden on healthcare systems, particularly for chronic cases

What steps can be taken to mitigate the economic impact of contact dermatitis? Potential strategies include:

• Improved workplace safety measures to reduce occupational exposures
• Enhanced public education to promote early recognition and prevention
• Development of cost-effective treatment options
• Policy measures to ensure access to necessary medical care and accommodations

By addressing both the medical and economic aspects of contact dermatitis, we can work towards more comprehensive solutions that benefit individuals, healthcare systems, and society at large.

Contact Dermatitis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

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Contact dermatitis is a red, itchy skin condition that develops as a reaction to a chemical or other substance. This condition is usually not serious, but can be uncomfortable. Treatment typically depends on what caused the dermatitis.

Have you ever used a new type of skin care product or detergent, only to have your skin become red and irritated? If so, you may have experienced contact dermatitis. This condition occurs when chemicals you come into contact with cause a reaction.

Most contact dermatitis reactions aren’t severe, but they can be unpleasant until the itching goes away.

Contact dermatitis symptoms depend on the cause and how sensitive you are to the substance.

Allergic contact dermatitis

Symptoms associated with allergic contact dermatitis include:

• dry, scaly, flaky skin
• hives
• oozing blisters
• skin redness
• skin that appears darkened or leathery
• skin that burns
• extreme itching
• sun sensitivity
• swelling, especially in the eyes, face, or groin areas

Irritant contact dermatitis

Irritant contact dermatitis may cause slightly different symptoms, such as:

• blistering
• cracking skin due to extreme dryness
• swelling
• skin that feels stiff or tight
• ulcerations
• open sores that form crusts

There are three types of contact dermatitis:

• allergic contact dermatitis
• irritant contact dermatitis
• photocontact dermatitis

Photocontact dermatitis is less common. It’s a reaction that can occur when the active ingredients in a skin product are exposed to the sun and result in irritation.

Allergic contact dermatitis

Allergic contact dermatitis occurs when the skin develops an allergic reaction after being exposed to a foreign substance. This causes the body to release inflammatory chemicals that can make the skin feel itchy and irritated.

Common causes of allergic contact dermatitis include contact with:

• jewelry made from nickel or gold
• latex gloves
• perfumes or chemicals in cosmetics and skin care products
• poison oak or poison ivy

Irritant contact dermatitis

Irritant contact dermatitis is the most common type of contact dermatitis. It happens when the skin comes in contact with a toxic material.

Toxic substances that can cause irritant contact dermatitis include:

• battery acid
• bleach
• drain cleaners
• kerosene
• detergents
• pepper spray

Irritant contact dermatitis can also occur when the skin comes in contact with less irritating materials — like soap or even water — too often.

People whose hands are frequently exposed to water, such as hairdressers, bartenders, and healthcare workers, often experience irritant contact dermatitis of the hands, for example.

Most cases of contact dermatitis go away on their own once the substance is no longer in contact with the skin. Here are some tips you can try at home:

• Avoid scratching your irritated skin. Scratching can make the irritation worse or even cause a skin infection that requires antibiotics.
• Clean your skin with mild soap and lukewarm water to remove any irritants.
• Stop using any products you think might be causing the problem.
• Apply bland petroleum jelly like Vaseline to soothe the area.
• Try using anti-itch treatments such as calamine lotion or hydrocortisone cream (Cortisone-10).
• If needed, take an antihistamine drug such as diphenhydramine to cut down on itching and to reduce your allergic response.

You can purchase these items at most drugstores or online.

Most times, contact dermatitis isn’t cause for concern. However, you should seek medical attention if your rash is close to your eyes or mouth, covers a large area of your body, or doesn’t improve with home treatment.

Your doctor can prescribe a more potent steroid cream if home treatments don’t soothe your skin.

Contact your doctor if your symptoms are severe or don’t improve with time. Your doctor will take a thorough medical history and examine your skin. Questions they may ask you include:

• When did you first notice your symptoms?
• What makes your symptoms better or worse?
• Did you go hiking just before the rash started?
• What products do you use on your skin every day?
• What chemicals do you come in contact with on a daily basis?
• What do you do for a living?

Your doctor may refer you to an allergy specialist or dermatologist to pinpoint the cause of your contact dermatitis. This specialist can perform allergy testing called a patch test. It involves exposing a small patch of your skin to an allergen.

If your skin reacts, the allergy specialist can determine the likely cause of your contact dermatitis.

If you need help finding a dermatologist, then check out our FindCare tool here.

Avoiding initial exposure to irritants can help prevent contact dermatitis. Try these tips:

• Purchase products labeled “hypoallergenic” or “unscented.”
• Refrain from wearing latex gloves if you have a latex allergy. Opt for vinyl gloves instead.
• Wear long-sleeved shirts and pants when hiking in the wilderness.
• If you notice irritation from a new product, stop using it immediately.

If you know you have sensitive skin, do a spot test with any new products. You can apply the new product to one place on your forearm. Cover the area, and don’t expose it to water or soap. Check for any reaction at 48 and 96 hours after application. If there’s any redness or irritation, don’t use the product.

Symptoms, Pictures, Treatment & More

Scabies is a skin infestation caused by a mite known as Sarcoptes scabiei. This causes an itchy rash to form on your skin.

Untreated, these microscopic mites can live on your skin for months. They reproduce on the surface of your skin and then burrow into it to lay eggs.

Read on to learn more about scabies, its symptoms, and treatment.

There are approximately 200 million cases of scabies in the world at any given time. It’s a highly contagious condition that passes through direct skin contact.

Recognizing scabies bites and the distinctive rash can help you find treatment faster. The raised rash may be skin-colored, red, brown, or violet, depending on your skin tone. General inflammation caused by the mites may appear red on lighter skin tones and gray on darker skin tones.

After the initial exposure to scabies, it can take 2–5 weeks for symptoms to appear. The symptoms usually develop more quickly in people who’ve had scabies before, often as soon as 1–4 days after exposure.

The hallmark symptoms of scabies include a rash and intense itching that gets worse at night.

The rash itself can consist of:

• tiny bites
• hives
• bumps under the skin

Common sites for scabies include the:

• wrist
• elbow
• armpit
• nipple
• penis
• waist
• buttocks
• area between the fingers

The burrow tracks of the mite can sometimes be seen on the skin. They may appear as tiny raised or discolored lines.

Scabies is the result of an infestation of tiny, eight-legged mites. The mites burrow into the top layer of your skin to live and feed. Female mites lay eggs. Your skin reacts to the mites and their waste, and you develop an itchy rash.

These mites pass easily between people. Direct skin-to-skin contact is the most common way the infestation is spread. The mites can also be spread through infested:

• furniture
• clothes
• bedding

Can you get scabies from animals?

Animals don’t spread the type of scabies that affects people. A different type of scabies mite can affect your pets, which causes a condition called mange.

There’s only one type of mite that causes a scabies infestation in humans. However, these mites can cause several types of infestations.

• Typical scabies: This infestation is the most common and causes an itchy rash on the hands, wrists, and other common spots.
• Nodular scabies: This type of scabies may develop as itchy, raised bumps or lumps, especially around your genitals, armpits, or groin.
• Norwegian scabies: Some people with scabies may develop another form of infestation known as Norwegian scabies or crusted scabies. This is a more severe and extremely contagious type of scabies. People with crusted scabies develop thick crusts of skin that contain thousands of mites and eggs.

Crusted scabies usually develops in people with weakened immune systems. This includes people who are:

• living with HIV
• using steroids or certain medications (such as some for rheumatoid arthritis)
• undergoing chemotherapy

Scabies is highly contagious and can easily lead to a community outbreak. In rare cases, bacterial infections of scabies sores can cause serious complications like:

• chronic kidney disease
• septicemia, a bacterial infection of your bloodstream
• heart disease

Persistent itching from scabies may lead to insomnia.

A doctor will likely be able to diagnose scabies simply by performing a physical exam and inspecting your affected area of skin. In some cases, the doctor may want to confirm the diagnosis by removing a mite from your skin with a needle.

Other tests doctors may use to diagnose scabies include tissue biopsies and ink tests to highlight burrow paths.

Treatment for scabies usually involves getting rid of the infestation with prescription ointments, creams, and lotions that can be applied directly to the skin. Oral medications are also available.

Ointments, creams, and lotions for scabies

A doctor will probably instruct you to apply the medication at night when the mites are most active. You may need to treat all of your skin from the neck down. The medication can be washed off the following morning.

Some common medications used to treat scabies include:

• 5% permethrin cream
• 25% benzyl benzoate lotion
• 10% sulfur ointment
• 10% crotamiton cream
• 1% Lindane lotion

Medications for scabies itch

A doctor may also prescribe additional medications to help relieve some of the bothersome symptoms associated with scabies. These medications include:

• antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl) or pramoxine lotion to help control the itching
• antibiotics to kill any infections that develop as a result of constantly scratching your skin
• steroid creams to relieve swelling and itching

More aggressive treatment may be needed for severe or widespread scabies. An oral tablet called ivermectin (Stromectol) can be given to people who:

• don’t see an improvement in symptoms after initial treatment
• have crusted scabies
• have scabies that covers most of the body

Some traditional scabies treatments can cause unwanted side effects, such as:

• a burning sensation on the skin
• redness or irritation
• swelling
• numbness or tingling

While these side effects are typically temporary, they may be uncomfortable.

Common natural treatments for scabies include:

• tea tree oil
• aloe vera
• capsaicin cream
• essential oils
• soaps

Learn more about natural remedies for scabies here.

Scabies is highly contagious. It can be spread in the following ways:

• prolonged skin-to-skin contact, such as holding hands
• intimate personal contact, such as having sexual intercourse
• sharing clothing, bedding, or towels that have been used by someone with a scabies infection

Since scabies is mostly transmitted through direct physical contact, the infestation can easily be passed on to family members, friends, and sexual partners. The infestation may also spread quickly in settings where many people are in close contact for long periods, such as schools.

The best way to prevent getting scabies is to avoid direct skin-to-skin contact with a person known to have scabies. It’s also best to avoid unwashed clothing or bedding that’s been used by a person with scabies.

Scabies mites can live for 2–3 days after falling off your body, so you’ll want to take certain precautions to prevent another infestation. Make sure to wash all of the following in hot water that reaches 122°F (50°C):

• clothing
• bedding
• towels
• pillows

Below are frequently asked questions regarding scabies.

Who can get scabies?

Anyone can get scabies. Getting mites also has nothing to do with your level of personal hygiene, but people who live in close, crowded environments, like college dormitories, may be more likely to get scabies.

Can you see scabies mites?

Scabies mites aren’t visible to the human eye and reach a maximum length of about 0.45 millimeters (1/56th of an inch), or about the size of a pin tip.

How long does scabies last?

Scabies mites can live on a person for 1–2 months.

Scabies vs. bedbugs

Scabies and bedbugs feed off the human body. One does it from outside your body (bedbugs), while the other does it from inside (scabies).

Scabies are microscopic mites that burrow into your skin to live and lay eggs. When bedbugs bite, you often see clusters of bites. Each cluster usually contains three to five bites that appear in a zigzag pattern.

Scabies is a skin infestation from tiny mites that can cause skin discoloration, swelling, and severe itching.

The Sarcoptes scabiei mites can pass through direct contact with scabies sores, or through communal surfaces, meaning scabies is often more common in close-knit living quarters such as dorm rooms.

Topical ointments and oral anti-inflammatories can often treat scabies and its symptoms.

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Plaques on the skin – causes, diseases, diagnosis and treatment

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• Plaques on the skin

  Fungus

  Allergy

  Psoriasis

  Keratoma

  Mycosis

  Nevus

  Melanoma

  5144

  November 16

  Plaques on the skin: the causes of occurrence, in what diseases they occur, diagnosis and methods of treatment.

  Definition
  
  A plaque is a pathological element with clear edges that rises above the skin surface or merges with it, more than 5 mm in size.

  In dermatology, many types of plaques are distinguished – about 70 diseases occur with the formation of these elements, which makes the plaque one of the most common rashes.

  Plaque varieties
  
  The shape of the plaques are round, oval and irregular in shape. Over time, the shape, surface and appearance of this element may change.

  Due to the occurrence of plaques, they can be both a manifestation of skin diseases and a symptom of diseases of internal organs and systems (autoimmune reactions, liver diseases, oncological processes, allergic reactions).

  Plaques are dry, smooth, red, brown, gray-white, etc.

  Possible causes of plaques

  Dry plaques on the skin in adults can be a manifestation of the following diseases:

  1. Fungal infection of the skin, accompanied by plaques with severe itching.
  2. Allergic reactions are characterized by the appearance on the skin of smooth dry plaques, pink spots, blisters, which are very itchy and cause severe discomfort. They can develop both when the skin comes into contact with the allergen, and when it gets on the mucous membranes (for example, with urticaria, hay fever, food and contact allergies).
  3. Psoriasis is a chronic non-infectious skin disease in which scaly dry plaques form on the elbows, knees, scalp, prone to fusion and accompanied by mild itching.
  4. Dry plaques form on the skin if it is exposed to stress for a long time with the loss of its protective functions.
  5. Diseases of the digestive tract, accompanied by malabsorption syndrome (impaired absorption of vitamins and trace elements in the small intestine), chronic diseases of the liver and other organs, in which substances that are not normally present in the dermis accumulate, also lead to the appearance of dry plaques.
  6. Solar keratoma is a precancerous condition, which is characterized by the presence of many light grayish plaques on the skin.

  The appearance of red plaques on the skin indicates their good blood supply. Possible causes of this condition may be the following nosologies:

  1. Drug toxidermia is an allergic reaction accompanied by the appearance of elements in the form of plaques on the skin. In severe cases, Lyell’s syndrome or Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, may develop.
  2. Dühring’s dermatitis (herpetiformis) is a chronic skin disease with no established etiology, which is characterized by recurrent appearance of a rash of various morphologies on the skin, accompanied by severe skin itching and burning.
  3. Mycosis fungoides is a primary T-cell lymphoma of the skin, a malignant lymphoid lesion, primarily of the skin. Itchy red plaques appear on the skin, resembling eczema. In the initial stages, they respond well to treatment with hormonal ointments, but the disease itself requires more complex therapy.
  4. In children, the appearance of red spots and plaques on the skin is most often associated with an allergic reaction to food.

  Brown plaques occur when melanin is deposited in the affected area of ​​the dermis, which causes a brown (dark) color. Possible causes may be the following diseases:

  1. Becker’s nevus is an anomaly in the development of the dermis, when dark plaques with an uneven surface appear on the skin, on which hair can begin to grow over time.
  2. Pigmentary nevus – “birthmark”, may rise above the skin, has a brown or dark color.
  3. Melanoma is the most malignant skin tumor characterized by rapid metastasis. It develops mainly from nevi and moles. If the nature of the surface, the boundaries of the mole change, its size increases, bleeding occurs, you should immediately contact a dermatologist or oncologist to exclude the development of melanoma.
  4. Basal cell skin cancer is more often localized on the head, face, neck, does not metastasize, is characterized by slow growth.
  5. Senile keratoma occurs in elderly people, most likely due to a lack of vitamins, an abundance of animal fats consumed, skin sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation due to a violation of its protective functions. Typical localization – face, neck, open areas of the body.
  6. Seborrheic keratoma is a yellowish plaque on the skin that eventually transforms into a dark brown growth that tends to flake off, itch severely, crack, bleed, and can serve as an entryway for infection.

  Which doctors to contact

  With the formation of plaques on the skin, it is necessary to contact a dermatologist to determine the causes of the appearance of this element of the rash.

  Diagnostics and examinations for plaques
  
  For the diagnosis of fungal skin lesions, scraping from the affected area is used for subsequent microscopic examination.

  The development of an allergic reaction requires seeking medical help to identify the allergen, prescribing antihistamines, and sometimes hormonal drugs. In clinical cases of allergy, along with skin tests, analyzes are performed using various sets of common allergens and triggers: a panel for respiratory allergens, for food allergens, and for a combination of both.

  5 515 RUB

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  5 515 RUB

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  5 515 RUB

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  In psoriasis, seeing a dermatologist and a rheumatologist can help reduce the symptoms of the disease if appropriate therapy is prescribed. For the diagnosis, it is usually sufficient to examine, determine, the skin manifestations of psoriasis are so characteristic, but if necessary, a differential diagnosis is carried out, including a clinical blood test, feces for the presence of worm eggs and protozoa, and a histological examination of the skin.

  Clinical blood test: general analysis, leukoformula, ESR (with microscopy of a blood smear in the presence of pathological changes)

  Synonyms: Complete blood count, UAC. Full blood count, FBC, Complete blood count (CBC) with differential white blood cell count (CBC with diff), Hemogram.
  Brief description of the study CBC: general a…

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  RUB 810

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  Fecal analysis for helminth eggs (helminth eggs)

  There are restrictions on the days of taking samples in medical offices and receiving samples self-collected for this study (feces, urine, etc. ).
  We recommend that you check the details…

  Up to 1 business day

  Available with house call

  RUB 570

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  Protozoa stool test (PRO stool)

  There are restrictions on the days of taking samples in medical offices and receiving samples self-collected for this study (feces, urine, etc.).
  We recommend that you check the details…

  Up to 1 business day

  Available with house call

  RUB 570

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  Histological examination of biopsy material and material obtained during surgical interventions (endoscopic material; tissues of the female reproductive system; skin, soft tissues; hematopoietic and lymphoid tissue; bone and cartilage tissue)

  Taking biomaterial is paid separately.

  According to the requirements of clause 17 of the Rules for conducting pathological and anatomical studies, approved. Order of the Ministry of Health Ro…

  Up to 5 business days

  Available with house call

  2 880 RUB

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  Diseases of the stomach and intestines can also lead to plaque formation on the skin. To identify the pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, it is enough to refer to
  therapist or
  gastroenterologist, conduct
  a number of endoscopic examinations (gastroscopy, and, if necessary, colonoscopy), ultrasound of the abdominal organs, perform some screening blood tests for diseases of the liver, intestines, stomach.

  Gastroscopy

  Examination of the mucous membrane of the upper gastrointestinal tract with the possibility of performing a biopsy or endoscopic removal of small pathological. ..

  4 490 rubles

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  Colonoscopy

  Endoscopic examination of the colon to look for abnormalities, perform biopsies, and remove small polyps and tumors.

  RUB 6,390

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  Comprehensive ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs (liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen)

  Scanning of the internal organs of the abdominal cavity to assess its functional state and the presence of pathology.

  RUB 3,090

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  Liver function tests: screening

  Up to 1 business day

  Available with house call

  RUB 1,935

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  Diagnosis of celiac disease: intolerance to cereal protein (gluten)

  Up to 8 working days

  Available with house call

  7 520 RUB

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  Gastropanel

  Up to 10 business days

  Available with house call

  RUB 4,760

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  To clarify the diagnosis of keratoma, a skin biopsy is performed and an epithelium scraping is performed, followed by microscopic and histochemical examination.

  Histological examination of biopsy material and material obtained during surgical interventions (endoscopic material; tissues of the female reproductive system; skin, soft tissues; hematopoietic and lymphoid tissue; bone and cartilage tissue)

  Taking biomaterial is paid separately.

  According to the requirements of clause 17 of the Rules for conducting pathological and anatomical studies, approved. Order of the Ministry of Health Ro…

  Up to 5 business days

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  Examination of scrapings and impressions of tumors and tumor-like formations

  Material for research. Imprints and scrapings are obtained from pathological lesions of the skin and mucous membranes (except for the cervix and cervical canal). Relative to test…

  Up to 2 business days

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  RUB 1,030

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  If atypical cells are detected in scrapings or biopsies, immediately contact
  oncologist.

  If xanthoma appears on the skin, it is recommended to consult a cardiologist, take blood tests for lipid profile and blood glucose levels, and screen for diabetes.

  Lipid profile screening

  Up to 1 business day

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  1 355 RUB

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  Glucose (in the blood) (Glucose)

  Research material

  Serum or blood plasma. If it is not possible to centrifuge the sample 30 minutes after collection for serum/plasma separation. ..

  Up to 1 business day

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  335 RUB

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  Diabetes management: advanced

  Up to 1 business day

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  What should I do if plaque appears on the skin?
  
  Any newly appeared neoplasms should be shown to a dermatologist. Their cosmetic removal without prior consultation with a specialist is fraught with serious consequences.

  In addition, there are symptoms that require immediate medical attention:

  • change in the shape of the plaque – the edges have become uneven;
  • change in the surface of the plaque – cracks, ulcerations appeared;
  • change in the size of the plaque – it began to grow rapidly above the surface of the skin or actively spread through it;
  • discoloration of the plaque – in cases of malignancy, an uneven color of the formation is usually observed with areas of darker and lighter shades;
  • the appearance of bleeding – both contact and spontaneous;
  • enlargement of regional (nearby) lymph nodes.

  Plaque treatment
  
  When plaques of an allergic nature appear on the skin, antihistamines are prescribed, in cases of a severe course of the disease, glucocorticosteroids. In addition, it is important to follow a hypoallergenic diet.

  Mycotic plaques require antifungal drugs, both local (ointments, creams) and systemic (tablets). Taking these drugs is associated with a high risk of side effects, and therefore it is possible only after consulting a doctor, accurate verification of the diagnosis and confirmation of the etiology of the disease.

  Treatment of psoriasis is multi-stage and complex, it involves constant monitoring by a rheumatologist, taking cytostatics and other drugs, using ointments and shampoos to improve skin condition, using antihistamines to reduce itching, including physiotherapy and a hypoallergenic diet in the treatment regimen.

  When confirming the presence of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, properly selected therapy can stop the appearance of new plaques on the skin, as well as prevent the development of complications of the underlying disease.

  Sources:

  1. Clinical guidelines. Dermatitis herpetiformis // Russian Society of Dermatovenerologists and Cosmetologists. 2016.
  2. Clinical guidelines. Urticaria in children // Union of Pediatricians of Russia; Russian Association of Allergists and Clinical Immunologists. 2018.
  3. Clinical guidelines. Toxidermia // Russian Society of Dermatovenerologists and Cosmetologists. 2016.
  4. Clinical guidelines. Familial hypercholesterolemia // National Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis. 2018.

  IMPORTANT!

  The information in this section should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. In case of pain or other exacerbation of the disease, only the attending physician should prescribe diagnostic tests. For diagnosis and proper treatment, you should contact your doctor.
  For a correct assessment of the results of your analyzes in dynamics, it is preferable to do studies in the same laboratory, since different laboratories may use different research methods and units of measurement to perform the same analyzes.

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  What kind of rash with omicron

  THERE ARE CONTRAINDICATIONS. POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS. A SPECIALIST’S CONSULTATION IS NECESSARY.DermatitisFor coldsRemedies for fluRemedies for colds

  0503

  • The main differences between Omicron
  • Peculiarities of skin rashes with Omicron
  • Other symptoms of Omicron
  • Treatment of Omicron
  • Sources

  Omicron is the name of the strain of the COVID-19 virus, which appeared in November 2021. The cause of its occurrence was a mutation in the genetic material of the pathogen. In connection with these changes, omicron, unlike other strains (for example, Alpha or Delta), began to be characterized by an increased degree of its transmission. In addition, it often causes disease even with a sufficient amount of antibodies in the body and has some specific symptoms.

  According to expert estimates, about one in five patients, when infected with a new strain, develops a skin rash. Omicron symptoms also have other manifestations.

  Main differences of omicron

  The new strain has a number of important features. Among them:

  • short incubation period;
  • increased infectivity;
  • the ability to resist the immune response.

  Most often, the disease is mild or even asymptomatic. But still, the last strain is capable of causing post-covid syndrome. Serious complications can also occur that negatively affect the functioning of the cardiovascular system (CVS) and lungs.

  The main difference of the omicron is related to the structure of the spike protein. This structure is responsible for the penetration of the pathogen. It is to this protein that antibodies are produced after an illness or vaccination. But changes in its structure make the new strain more infectious and increase resistance to acquired immunity.

  Features of skin rashes in omicron

  Scientists have not yet fully figured out why coronavirus manifests itself in skin rashes. It is assumed that dermatological manifestations develop as a result of inflammatory reactions of tissues due to exposure to viral toxins.

  Physicians identify numerous skin manifestations:

  • itching of the palms and feet;
  • dry skin;
  • desquamation of the lips;
  • bites at the corners of the mouth.

  The experts also specified what kind of rash may appear during the illness. This is prickly heat and urticaria. Prickly heat appears quite often, since this variant of the coronavirus provokes sweating.

  Special mention should be made of urticaria. Doctors noticed when a rash appears with omicron. It can occur simultaneously with other symptoms and be accompanied by severe itching. But often urticaria is observed already when the main signs of the disease disappear.

  British dermatologists reported a rash in omicron as red bumpy lesions. They appear on any part of the body. But the knees, elbows, hands and feet are most commonly affected. Rashes can persist for a long time after recovery, and may occur several weeks after infection.

  Also, many patients have so-called “covid” tongue and mouth ulcers. The tongue is swollen, and the rash is presented in the form of white and red spots and blisters.

  Often there is a symptom of “covid fingers. It occurs in patients of any age, but is more common in children. When a symptom occurs, the toes become inflamed (less often, the hands). Sometimes they develop a rash that itches and hurts.

  Other symptoms of omicron

  Symptoms of the disease are similar to those of a cold. 2-3 days after infection observed:

  • sneezing, nasal congestion;
  • discomfort and sore throat;
  • feeling tired, decreased performance;
  • dry cough;
  • temperature increase up to 38 degrees;
  • nausea, vomiting.

  Omicron infection is accompanied by severe body aches and weakness. The temperature does not always rise, in some cases it has lower values. In a child, one of the characteristic signs of the disease is a skin rash.

  The duration of the disease and its manifestations depend on the state of the immune system, comorbidities, prescribed therapy. In the absence of complications, the symptoms disappear within 5-10 days.

  You may be interested in: Comparison of coronavirus vaccines

  Omicron treatment

  Treatment methods are selected depending on the severity of the coronavirus infection. With a mild course, treatment is aimed at increasing immune forces, removing the virus from the body, alleviating symptoms, and preventing complications.

  How to treat the disease:

  • antipyretics – above 38℃;
  • sprays, lozenges – to relieve discomfort in the throat;
  • expectorants – for coughs.

  It is also recommended to drink plenty of water, humidify the air, and regularly ventilate the room.

  The appearance of a rash is considered by experts as a symptom indicating the need for more active use of antiviral, anti-inflammatory drugs and anticoagulants.