Can hemorrhoids cause cramping. How to differentiate between hemorrhoid and colon cancer symptoms. What are the common signs of hemorrhoids. How is colon cancer diagnosed. When should you seek medical attention for rectal bleeding.

What Are Hemorrhoids and How Common Are They?

Hemorrhoids are swollen veins located in the anus and rectum area. They are remarkably common, affecting approximately 50% of adults by the age of 50. These swollen veins can be internal (inside the rectum or anus) or external (on or protruding from the rectum or anus).

The exact cause of hemorrhoids remains unknown, but they often occur due to increased pressure in the area. This pressure can result from:

• Straining during bowel movements
• Pregnancy
• Aging
• Prolonged sitting
• Chronic constipation or diarrhea
• Heavy lifting

In most cases, hemorrhoids are not dangerous, and symptoms often subside within a few days. However, they can cause discomfort and may require treatment in some instances.

Identifying Common Symptoms of Hemorrhoids

Recognizing the symptoms of hemorrhoids is crucial for proper diagnosis and treatment. The most common signs include:

• Itching or irritation in the anal area
• Bright red blood on toilet tissue, stool, or in the toilet bowl
• Pain or discomfort, especially during bowel movements
• Sensitive or painful lump(s) on or near the anus

Do hemorrhoids always cause visible symptoms? Not necessarily. Some people may have hemorrhoids without experiencing any noticeable signs. However, when symptoms do occur, they can range from mild discomfort to significant pain and bleeding.

Types of Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids can be classified into two main types:

1. Internal hemorrhoids: These form inside the rectum and are usually painless. However, they may cause bleeding during bowel movements.
2. External hemorrhoids: These develop under the skin around the anus and can be itchy or painful, especially if a blood clot forms inside them (thrombosed hemorrhoids).

Can internal hemorrhoids become external? Yes, in some cases, internal hemorrhoids can prolapse, meaning they push through the anal opening and become visible outside the anus.

Effective Home Remedies and Treatments for Hemorrhoids

While hemorrhoids can be uncomfortable, there are several home remedies and over-the-counter treatments that can help alleviate symptoms:

• Sitz baths: Sitting in a lukewarm bath for 10-15 minutes several times a day can help reduce swelling and discomfort.
• Ice therapy: Alternating moist heat with ice can help reduce inflammation and pain.
• Topical creams and suppositories: Over-the-counter products containing hydrocortisone or witch hazel can provide relief from itching and pain.
• Fiber-rich diet: Increasing fiber intake can help soften stools and reduce straining during bowel movements.
• Proper hygiene: Using unscented, soft toilet paper and keeping the anal area clean can prevent irritation.

When should you see a doctor for hemorrhoids? If symptoms persist for more than a week or if you experience severe pain or heavy bleeding, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional.

Understanding Colon Cancer: Symptoms and Risk Factors

Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is a malignant tumor that develops in the inner wall of the large intestine. Unlike hemorrhoids, colon cancer is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention.

The symptoms of colon cancer can be subtle and may overlap with those of other conditions, including hemorrhoids. Common signs include:

• Rectal bleeding or blood in the stool
• Dark-colored stool
• Changes in bowel habits (e.g., diarrhea, constipation, or narrow stools) lasting more than a few days
• Persistent feeling of needing to have a bowel movement
• Abdominal cramping or pain
• Weakness and fatigue
• Unintended weight loss

Is rectal bleeding always a sign of colon cancer? No, rectal bleeding can have various causes, including hemorrhoids. However, any unexplained bleeding should be evaluated by a healthcare professional to rule out more serious conditions.

Risk Factors for Colon Cancer

Several factors can increase an individual’s risk of developing colon cancer:

• Age (risk increases after 50)
• Family history of colon polyps or colorectal cancer
• Personal history of inflammatory bowel disease
• Obesity
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Diet high in red and processed meats
• Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption

Can colon cancer be prevented? While not all cases of colon cancer can be prevented, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, and a balanced diet can help reduce the risk.

Diagnostic Procedures for Colon Cancer

Early detection is crucial for successful treatment of colon cancer. Doctors use various diagnostic procedures to identify and confirm the presence of colon cancer:

1. Colonoscopy: A long, flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the rectum to examine the entire colon for polyps or abnormal growths.
2. Sigmoidoscopy: Similar to a colonoscopy but examines only the lower part of the colon.
3. Fecal occult blood test: A test that checks for hidden blood in the stool.
4. CT colonography: A specialized CT scan that provides detailed images of the colon.
5. Biopsy: If a suspicious growth is found, a small tissue sample is taken for laboratory analysis.

How often should one undergo colon cancer screening? The American Cancer Society recommends starting regular screenings at age 45 for individuals at average risk. Those with higher risk factors may need to begin screening earlier or undergo more frequent examinations.

Differentiating Between Hemorrhoids and Colon Cancer

Given the overlap in symptoms, it’s crucial to understand the key differences between hemorrhoids and colon cancer:

Can hemorrhoids be mistaken for colon cancer? Yes, the symptoms can be similar, which is why it’s important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis, especially if symptoms persist or worsen.

When to Seek Medical Attention for Rectal Bleeding

While rectal bleeding is often associated with hemorrhoids, it’s essential to know when to seek medical attention. You should consult a doctor if you experience:

• Persistent bleeding that lasts more than a few days
• Heavy bleeding that soaks through your underwear
• Blood mixed with mucus or pus
• Severe abdominal pain or cramping
• Unexplained weight loss
• Changes in bowel habits lasting more than a few weeks
• Fever accompanying rectal bleeding

Is it possible to have both hemorrhoids and colon cancer simultaneously? Yes, it is possible to have both conditions at the same time, which is another reason why proper medical evaluation is crucial.

Importance of Regular Check-ups

Regular check-ups and screenings are vital for maintaining overall health and detecting potential issues early. This is particularly important for colorectal health, as early detection of colon cancer significantly improves treatment outcomes.

How often should you have a colonoscopy? For individuals at average risk, a colonoscopy is typically recommended every 10 years starting at age 45. However, your doctor may recommend more frequent screenings based on your individual risk factors and medical history.

Treatment Options for Hemorrhoids and Colon Cancer

The treatment approaches for hemorrhoids and colon cancer differ significantly due to the nature of these conditions:

Hemorrhoid Treatments

For mild to moderate hemorrhoids, treatment options include:

• Dietary changes to increase fiber intake
• Topical treatments such as creams or ointments
• Sitz baths
• Lifestyle modifications (e.g., avoiding prolonged sitting)

For more severe cases, medical procedures may be necessary:

• Rubber band ligation
• Sclerotherapy
• Infrared coagulation
• Hemorrhoidectomy (surgical removal of hemorrhoids)

Colon Cancer Treatments

Treatment for colon cancer depends on the stage of the disease and may include:

• Surgery to remove the tumor and affected lymph nodes
• Chemotherapy
• Radiation therapy
• Targeted therapy
• Immunotherapy

Can colon cancer be cured if caught early? Yes, when detected in its early stages, colon cancer has a high cure rate. This underscores the importance of regular screenings and prompt medical attention for any concerning symptoms.

Preventing Hemorrhoids and Reducing Colon Cancer Risk

While not all cases of hemorrhoids or colon cancer can be prevented, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk:

Preventing Hemorrhoids

• Eat a high-fiber diet to promote regular bowel movements
• Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water
• Exercise regularly to improve circulation
• Avoid straining during bowel movements
• Don’t sit on the toilet for extended periods

Reducing Colon Cancer Risk

• Maintain a healthy weight
• Exercise regularly
• Limit consumption of red and processed meats
• Quit smoking and limit alcohol intake
• Get regular screenings as recommended by your doctor

Can lifestyle changes completely eliminate the risk of developing hemorrhoids or colon cancer? While lifestyle modifications can significantly reduce the risk, they cannot guarantee complete prevention. Regular check-ups and screenings remain crucial for early detection and treatment.

In conclusion, understanding the differences between hemorrhoids and colon cancer is essential for proper diagnosis and treatment. While both conditions can cause rectal bleeding, their other symptoms and long-term implications differ significantly. By staying informed, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and seeking prompt medical attention when necessary, you can take proactive steps to protect your colorectal health. Remember, early detection and treatment are key to managing both hemorrhoids and colon cancer effectively.

Is It Hemorrhoids or Colon Cancer?

Although hemorrhoids and colon cancer are two very different conditions, they can share similar symptoms. This guide will help you learn about the different signs.

Noticing blood in your stool for the first time is understandably alarming. The good news is that it’s likely that blood in your stool is an indication of hemorrhoids, which while not much fun, aren’t generally a serious medical condition.

Hemorrhoids are actually swollen veins located in the anus and rectum area, and they’re quite common: Approximately half of all adults experience hemorrhoids by the age of 50. They can be internal (inside the rectum or anus) or external (on, or protruding from, the rectum or anus), and symptoms can range from no or mild discomfort to significant pain, itchiness and bleeding.

While the exact cause of hemorrhoids is unknown, they’re most likely to occur when there’s an increase in pressure in the area, such as when you strain to have a bowel movement, for example. They’re more likely to occur during pregnancy, aging, sitting for long periods of time, chronic constipation or diarrhea, straining or lifting heavy objects.

Hemorrhoids usually aren’t dangerous, and in many cases, the symptoms will go away within a few days.

Here are some of the most common signs and symptoms of hemorrhoids:

• Itching or irritation in the anal area
• Bright red blood on toilet tissue, stool or in the toilet bowl
• Pain or discomfort, especially during bowel movements
• A sensitive or painful lump(s) on or near your anus

To relieve symptoms, doctors recommend sitting in a lukewarm bath, alternating moist heat with ice and limiting extended periods of time spent sitting. There are also over-the-counter topical creams and suppositories to battle the symptoms. Patients are also advised to use scent- and dye-free toilet paper and to keep the area clean.

Colon cancer (also known as colorectal cancer) is a malignant tumor, arising from the inner wall of the large intestine. Signs and symptoms of colon cancer are often not specific, which means they may be mistaken for a number of different conditions. When colon cancer is detected in its early stages, there may be no symptoms present at all.

The usual symptoms and signs of colon cancer are:

• Rectal bleeding or blood in the stool
• Dark-colored stool
• A change in bowel habits, such as diarrhea, constipation or narrowing of the stool that lasts for more than a few days
• A feeling that you need to have a bowel movement that is not relieved by having one
• Cramping or abdominal (belly) pain
• Weakness and fatigue
• Unintended weight loss

In most cases, people who have these symptoms do not have cancer. Still, if you’re experiencing any of these symptoms, you should contact your doctor, so the cause can be found and treated.

To check for colon cancer, physicians use sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy to look for growths (polyps) in the colon. If a growth is found, the physician will take a biopsy to determine whether the growth is cancerous. If you are diagnosed with colon cancer, treatment depends on how early it is found, but it may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy and targeted therapies. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include a family history of colon polyps (small clump of cells that form on the lining of the colon) and long-standing inflammation of the large intestine.

Because the symptoms are often subtle and easily overlooked, colon cancer screening is very important. In fact, the American Cancer Society recommends starting regular screenings at age 45.

Topics

bleeding

colon cancer

colonoscopy

hemorrhoids

itching

pain

polyps

screenings

Ramin Zahed

Ramin Zahed is a Los Angeles-based author and journalist.

Signs of Hemorrhoids: Types and Diagnosis

What are hemorrhoids?

Hemorrhoids are clusters of tissue containing enlarged blood vessels around the anus and lower rectum. When this vascular tissue becomes swollen, similar to varicose veins, they can cause problems such as:

• Bleeding
• Itching
• Pain

This condition is what most people know as hemorrhoids or piles. ¹

Hemorrhoids can form inside or outside the anus, and internal hemorrhoids can prolapse, which is when the swellings become visible outside of the anus.

Hemorrhoids can be painless, but in certain circumstances they can become painful. Hemorrhoids that bleed may look alarming, but they are generally harmless. However, rectal bleeding always should be investigated by a doctor to rule out more serious conditions that may require specific treatment, such as bowel polyps, anal fissure or an anal fistula. ¹²

If there is no rectal bleeding, but the other symptoms listed on this resource seem familiar, try a symptom assessment on the free Ada app. Or find out more about how our symptom checker works before you try it for yourself.

Around half of American adults will experience signs and symptoms of hemorrhoids by the age of 50. Simple treatments, such as sitz baths and topical hemorrhoid creams, will relieve the most unpleasant symptoms, although will likely not make the hemorrhoid itself go away for good.

Hemorrhoids are not contagious and are not usually associated with further health risks. In rare cases, however, a person may experience severe bleeding. In very rare cases, this could turn into iron-deficiency anemia if not addressed. ³ There is also a very slight risk of other complications such as infection from an external hemorrhoid. ⁴

Read more about hemorrhoids »

Hemorrhoids can form both inside the rectum and under the skin of the anus (external hemorrhoids). Internal and external hemorrhoids share some common symptoms; both types can bleed, for example. Other similarities include: ⁵

• Both internal and external hemorrhoids can cause leakage of feces and anal mucus
• Hemorrhoids can also make cleaning the anus after a bowel movement more difficult. Due to this, both types of hemorrhoid may produce a bad smell

Leaking feces and anal mucus can also irritate the anus. This can cause the anus to itch, a condition known as pruritus ani. ⁶

Signs of internal hemorrhoids

Internal hemorrhoids are the most common type of hemorrhoid. These swellings develop inside the anal canal.

Small hemorrhoids stay inside the anal canal and cannot be seen or felt by the person affected by them. Larger hemorrhoids may fall outside the anus in a process called prolapse, often during a bowel movement or while the buttocks are being wiped. Hemorrhoids which prolapse may go back inside the anal canal on their own or may be pushed back in by the affected person.

Read more about hemorrhoids ».

Internal hemorrhoids generally cause no pain. Noticeable signs and symptoms of internal hemorrhoids include: ⁷

• Bright red blood in feces, on toilet paper after wiping, or in the toilet bowl
• Bodily tissue falling outside the anus, i. e., prolapse
• Mucal or fecal discharge
• A feeling of not having fully evacuated the bowels

Additional signs of a prolapsed internal hemorrhoid include:

• Itching around the anus, i.e.,pruritus ani
• A lump felt outside the anus

An internal hemorrhoid cannot be seen unless it prolapses. A prolapsed internal hemorrhoid has the following characteristics: ⁸

• Approximately the size of a grape
• A rubbery texture
• Soft to the touch
• Skin colored or of reddish appearance
• Can usually be pushed inside the anus
• There may be more than one

If an internal hemorrhoid cannot be pushed back into the anus, it may become trapped by the sphincter muscle. This is called a strangulated hemorrhoid and can cause severe pain. ⁹

A prolapsed hemorrhoid is different to a rectal prolapse. In rectal prolapse, the rectum itself falls out of the anus. ¹⁰

Signs of external hemorrhoids

External hemorrhoids are swellings that form under the anal skin and become prominent on or around the outside of the anus. 8 ¹¹] ¹²

• Sudden onset of pain
• Constant pain following sudden onset of pain

Thrombosed hemorrhoids have the following characteristics:

• Blue or purple in color
• A lump or bulge
• Firm to the touch

A thrombosed hemorrhoid will often hurt, but are not generally dangerous.

Signs of anal skin tags

Skin tags are not hemorrhoids, but they can be left behind after an external hemorrhoid has healed. Skin tags appear after the skin is stretched, such as by an external hemorrhoid. Once the hemorrhoid has resolved itself, the skin may remain stretched, resulting in a skin tag. ¹³

Skin tags are benign, but it is advisable to get any lump checked by a doctor to get confirmation of that.

Skin tags have the following characteristics: ⁷¹⁴

• Small bumps or raised areas
• Soft
• Scaly.

Feeling unwell? Get a symptom assessment with the free Ada app. Or find out more about how our symptom checker works before you try it for yourself.

Pregnancy creates more pressure in the abdomen than usual, which can cause vascular tissue in the rectum and anus to swell. Hemorrhoids are common in the third trimester of pregnancy and around a third of pregnant people experience them. It is also common to develop hemorrhoids during childbirth.

Hemorrhoids in pregnancy develop the same way as non-pregnancy hemorrhoids and can be internal, external or become thrombosed. Most cases of hemorrhoids in pregnancy resolve after birth. ¹⁵

Some common signs of hemorrhoids include:

• Bleeding from the anus
• Pain around the anus
• Anal itching
• Lump near the anus
• Bad smell around the anus

However, these signs can also occur in some other conditions. If feeling unwell and unsure of the cause, then try a symptom assessment on the Ada app.

Bleeding from the anus

A common sign of hemorrhoids is bleeding from the anus. Blood from hemorrhoids is likely to be a brighter red because it comes directly from arteries or veins. The blood can be found:

• On toilet paper after wiping
• In the toilet bowl
• On feces

Anal bleeding is a symptom of several other conditions, including:

Anal fissure, anal abscess and anal fistula

Bright red blood can also be a sign of an anal fissure, anal abscess and/or anal fistula.

• An anal fissure is a small tear or sore in the skin of the anal canal
• An anal abscess is a pocket near the anus filled with pus
• An anal fistula is a tunnel that runs from the end of the bowel to the skin around the anus

Symptoms of these conditions that are not shared with hemorrhoids include: ¹⁶¹⁷

• Anal fissure can cause sharp pain during and after passing a stool, while hemorrhoid pain is normally less severe
• An anal abscess can cause a firm, warm, tender, non-thrombosed lump around the anus. Abscesses may sometimes cause fever
• Anal fistula commonly forms after a previous abscess

Colorectal polyps

Polyps are another type of growth that can be found in similar parts of the body to hemorrhoids. A polyp in the colon or rectum can also cause bleeding. In the case of colorectal polyps, blood can sometimes be seen in the feces. If a person has polyps they may also experience:

• Abdominal pain
• Mucus from the anus
• A change in bowel habits

Polyps are often non-cancerous growths when they are found in, e.g., colonoscopy screenings, but can also develop into colorectal cancer and should therefore be properly examined and treated by a medical doctor. ¹⁸

Colon cancer and rectal cancer

Bleeding from the anus can also be a sign of colon cancer or rectal cancer. Symptoms of colorectal cancer include finding bright red blood on the rectum or dark blood mixed in with feces.

If a person has symptoms or suspects they may be affected by colorectal cancer, they should see a doctor immediately. Other signs of colorectal cancer include: ¹⁹²⁰²¹

• Changes in bowel habits, such as having diarrhea or being constipated
• A feeling of needing a bowel movement that does not go away after having one
• Unexplained and/or unintended weight loss
• Tiredness or feeling weaker than normal
• Pain from gas, bloating, cramps or a feeling of being full

Colorectal cancer may not show early signs, so in the U.S. the current guidelines are that regular screening should begin at age 50. ²²²³ For those at increased risk of colorectal cancer, e.g., people with a family history of the condition, doctors may recommend that screening begins at an earlier age, usually around 45.

The American Cancer Society even argues that regular screening should begin for everyone, not just high risk groups, once they reach 45 and even earlier for people with high risk for colon cancer. ²⁴ In the United Kingdom, the National Health Service recommends regular screening from age 55. ref35

The conversation around these guidelines is continually evolving. It is generally recommended to see a physician for regular health check-ups and in case of any doubt, for a proper diagnostic work-up, even if someone is younger.

Read more about colorectal cancer »

Anal cancer

Bleeding from the anus can also be a sign of anal cancer. Bright red blood may come from the rectum or anus, or may be visible in feces. If a person has symptoms of anal cancer they should see a doctor immediately. Other signs of anal cancer include: ²⁵²⁶

• Pain around the anus
• Itching around the anus, i.e.,pruritus ani
• A lump near the anus
• Mucus discharge or feces leaking from the anus
• Change in bowel habits, such as having diarrhea

Anal cancer is rare. The risk of a person in the U.S. being diagnosed with the condition at some point in their lifetime is about one in 500, which is much rarer than people affected by colorectal cancer.

Read more about anal cancer »

Pain around the anus

Hemorrhoids can be painful if a prolapsed hemorrhoid becomes trapped by the anal sphincter muscle or an external hemorrhoid becomes thrombosed. Other potential causes for pain in this part of the body include:

Anal abscess

Pain that is constant and very often throbbing around the anus is also a sign of anal abscess. Anal abscesses are most often caused by infection, for example, of glands surrounding the anus, so fever may also be present. ²⁸

Anal fistula

An anal fistula may cause mild pain around the anus that comes and goes. The pain from anal fistulas is more pronounced when sitting down, having a bowel movement or when coughing. Anal fistulas most commonly form following an anal abscess. ²⁸

Anal cancer

Pain around the anus can also be a sign of anal cancer. If a person suspects they have symptoms of anal cancer, they should see a doctor immediately.

Anal itching

A sign of hemorrhoids can be itching around the anus, also known as pruritus ani. However, there are several other conditions and causes that can create the symptoms of an itchy anus.

Anal fistula

Itching around the anus can be caused by an anal fistula. An anal fistula is also accompanied by a constant, throbbing pain and is often the result of a previous anal abscess. ¹⁷²⁹

Pinworms

Pinworms are small parasites that can live in a human colon or rectum. These worms can be a cause of itching around the anus, particularly at night. Pinworms lay their eggs on the skin around the anus, and worms may be seen in stools. These parasites affect children far more often than adults. ³⁰

Anal cancer

Anal itching can be a sign of anal cancer. Medical attention should be sought promptly in all cases where a person suspects any symptoms of anal cancer.

Other causes for anal itching

Anal itching can also be caused by: ³¹

• Irritants such as soap or laundry detergent
• Not cleaning the anal area properly
• Moisture from sweat
• Certain foods, including coffee, tea, chocolate, spicy foods and citrus fruit
• Long-term use or non-prescribed use of topical steroids applied to the anus

Lump near the anus

External hemorrhoids and skin tags will feel like a small lump near the anus. Lumps can also appear around the anus as part of some other conditions, including:

Anal fissures

Anal fissures sometimes produce small lumps or skin tags near the anus. If a person has an anal fissure, they will also experience pain during and after passing a stool. ¹⁶

Anal cancer

A lump near the anus could be a sign of anal cancer. Seek prompt medical attention in all cases where anal cancer is suspected.

Bad smell around the anus

Hemorrhoids can cause feces and mucus to leak out of the anus, which may lead to a foul smell. There may also be other causes for this though, among them:

Anal fistula or anal abscess

An anal fistula can result in a bad smelling discharge from the anus. Another symptom of anal fistula is a mild, intermittent pain around the anus. A constant, throbbing pain that is even more pronounced when sitting down, having a bowel movement or when coughing can be the result of an anal abscess that often precedes an anal fistula. ¹⁷²⁹

Proctitis and anusitis

Proctitis and anusitis are conditions where the rectum and anus become inflamed. These conditions can cause bad-smelling discharge. Someone with these conditions will also likely experience a frequent urge to have a bowel movement, pain and a feeling a fullness in the rectum. ⁴³²

Fecal incontinence and anal cancer

A bad smell could be caused by fecal incontinence, which can be a sign of anal cancer. Seek prompt medical attention in all cases where anal cancer is suspected.

Diagnosing hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids are usually diagnosed through a combination of medical history and physical examination.

Read more about hemorrhoids »

When to seek medical advice for hemorrhoids

Lumps around the rectum and anus, and bleeding from the rectum and anus should be examined by a doctor to rule out more serious conditions.

If hemorrhoids become painful, or cause discomfort or distress, seek medical advice. Many people wait a long time before consulting a doctor, possibly due to embarrassment. Early intervention can ease discomfort. There are various ways to treat hemorrhoids, many of which are painless and/or more successful the earlier the treatment is started. ³³

Read more about hemorrhoids »

FAQs

Q: Do I have hemorrhoids or cancer?
A: Hemorrhoids, anal cancer and colorectal cancer can cause bleeding, with bright red blood. Other signs of colorectal cancer include:

• Dark red blood in feces
• Changes in bowel habits, such as having diarrhea or being constipated
• A feeling of needing a bowel movement that does not go away after having one
• Unexplained weight loss
• Tiredness or feeling weaker than normal
• Pain from gas, bloating, cramps or a feeling of being full

Other signs of anal cancer include:

• Pain around the anus
• Itching around the anus, i. e., pruritus ani
• A lump near the anus
• Mucus discharge
• Changes in bowel habits, such as having diarrhea

If a person suspects they may have cancer, they should see a medical professional immediately.

Q: Are hemorrhoids supposed to bleed?
A: It is normal for hemorrhoids to bleed with bright red blood. Bleeding from hemorrhoids will most often not be painful and is usually not dangerous. It is rare for someone to bleed excessively. However, bleeding from the rectum and anus can be a sign of colorectal or anal cancer and should be examined by a doctor, especially in cases where a person is not aware of a pre-existing problem, such as hemorrhoids.

Q: What are the signs that hemorrhoids are healing?
A: Signs that the hemorrhoids are improving generally include the swellings going down and a lessening of any additional symptoms, such as bleeding and itching. Skin tags may appear after an external hemorrhoid has resolved itself. Hemorrhoids experienced during pregnancy will usually go away after birth.

Read more about treatment for hemorrhoids »

Q: How can you avoid making your hemorrhoids flare up or getting worse?A.: Some of the following steps can make the symptoms of hemorrhoids less likely to persist: ²⁷

• Eating fibre, for example, fruits and vegetables, or cereals
• Drinking plenty of fluids, not including alcohol and caffeine
• Avoiding co-codamol, a mixture of the two painkillers codeine and paracetamol, which often causes constipation as a side effect
• Exercising regularly and maintaining a healthy weight
• Avoiding long periods of sitting down

Read more about risk factors for hemorrhoids »

Q: Rectal prolapse vs prolapsed hemorrhoid: what is the difference?
A: A prolapsed hemorrhoid is when an internal hemorrhoid pushes down and extends out from the anus. A rectal prolapse is when the entire rectum, i.e. the end of the large intestine, or part of it bulges out of the anal opening. ¹⁰A rectal prolapse should be examined by a doctor as soon as possible.

Q: What if a lump on the anus is not painful?
A: It is advisable to contact a doctor to check any lump on the anus. This is especially the case if the lumps are persistent and do not clear up after a couple of weeks, or if the lump is hard to the touch. A doctor should also be contacted if the lump comes along with any of the other symptoms reported in the above resource, especially bleeding from the anus. ³⁴

Q: Can stress cause hemorrhoids to flare up?
A: There is no evidence that stress is a trigger for hemorrhoids. However, the symptoms of hemorrhoids can be a cause of stress for some people. ³⁵

American Cancer Society. “Key Statistics for Anal Cancer. ”. 2018. Accessed October 11, 2018.

Share this article:

1. Harvard Health Publishing. “Hemorrhoids and what to do about them.” October 2017. Accessed June 27, 2018.

2. Family Doctor. “Hemorrhoids.” November 2017. Accessed June 27, 2018.

3. MedlinePlus. “Hemorrhoids.” May 2017. Accessed June 27, 2018.

4. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. “Symptoms & Causes of Proctitis.” August 2016. Accessed June 27, 2018.

5. American Family Physician. “Hemorrhoids.” July 2011. Accessed June 27, 2018.

6. The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland. “Pruritus ani (tchy bottom).” Accessed June 27, 2018.

7. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. “Hemorrhoids: Expanded Version.” Accessed June 27, 2018.

8. MedicineNet. “Hemorrhoids Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Relief.” September 2017. Accessed June 27, 2018.

9. US National Library of Medicine. “The acute management of haemorrhoids.” October 2014. Accessed June 27, 2018.

10. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. “Rectal Prolapse.” Accessed June 27, 2018.

11. US National Library of Medicine. “Hemorrhoids.” March 2011. Accessed June 27, 2018.

12. Healthline. “Everything You Should Know About Thrombosed Hemorrhoids.” June 2017. Accessed June 27, 2018.

13. Healthline. “How Are Anal Skin Tags Identified and Removed?” December 2017. Accessed June 27, 2018.

14. American Cancer Society. “What Is Anal Cancer?” November 2017. Accessed June 27, 2018.

15. US National Library of Medicine. “Hemorrhoids in pregnancy.” February 2008. Accessed June 27, 2018.

16. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. “Anal Fissure.” Accessed June 27, 2018.

17. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. “Abscess and Fistula Expanded Information.” Accessed June 27, 2018.

18. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. “Polyps of the Colon and Rectum.” Accessed June 27, 2018.

19. National Cancer Institute. “Rectal Cancer Treatment.” June 2018. Accessed June 27, 2018.

20. National Cancer Institute. “Colon Cancer Treatment.” May 2018. Accessed June 27, 2018.

21. American Cancer Society. “Colorectal Cancer Signs and Symptoms.” February 2018. Accessed June 27, 2018.

22. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Colorectal Cancer Screening Tests.” 20 June, 2018. Accessed November 12, 2018.

23. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Colorectal Cancer: What Should I Know About Screening?.” 20 June, 2018. Accessed November 12, 2018.

24. American Cancer Society. “American Cancer Society Updates Colorectal Cancer Screening Guideline.” May 30, 2018. Accessed: November 12, 2018.

25. Cancer Research UK. “Symptoms of anal cancer.” June 2016. Accessed June 27, 2018.

26. National Cancer Institute. “Anal Cancer Treatment. ” January 2018. Accessed June 27, 2018.

27. US National Library of Medicine. “Common Anorectal Disorders.” May 2014. Accessed June 27, 2018.

28. NHS Choices. “Anal fistula.” June 2016. Accessed June 27, 2018.

29. MedlinePlus. “Pinworms.” March 2016. Accessed June 27, 2018.

30. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. “Pruritis Ani Expanded Version.” Accessed June 27, 2018.

31. Medscape. “Proctitis and Anusitis” June 2018. Accessed June 27, 2018.

32. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. “Hemorrhoids.”. Accessed June 27, 2018.

33. Patient. “Lumps.” October 2015. Accessed October 10, 2018.

34. Bupa. “Piles (haemorrhoids).” June 2018. Accessed October 10, 2018.

Complications of hemorrhoids – Health Clinic 365 Yekaterinburg

Anemia. One of the most common complications of hemorrhoids . Chronic blood loss from hemorrhoids can lead to anemia, which reduces the number of healthy red blood cells that can carry oxygen to the body’s cells, leading to symptoms such as fatigue and weakness. With severe anemia, dizziness and fainting may occur.

Infringement of internal hemorrhoids. If the blood flow to the internal hemorrhoids is reduced, the node can become “pinched”, causing severe pain and tissue death (gangrene). When straining during defecation (stool discharge), the nodes fall out of the rectum, then the edema of the prolapsed nodes develops. Spasm of the sphincter of the rectum (the muscle that closes the entrance to the rectum) increases edema, causes additional stagnation of blood in the rectal plexus of veins and thrombosis of external hemorrhoids. At the same time, there are complaints of sharp arching pain in the anus, swelling, sensation of a foreign body. When the node dies, discharge from the rectum with an unpleasant odor and difficulty in defecation are noted, and there may be bleeding.

Thrombosis of external hemorrhoids usually occurs after errors in diet, physical activity. The patient feels a painful foreign body in the anus (anus) the size of a grape. There are sharp pains in the anus, which can intensify even with slight physical exertion, coughing.

Infectious complications – perianal abscess and paraproctitis. There are small glands that open inside the anus, they produce a special lubricant, helping the passage of feces through the rectum. With hemorrhoids, there is a chronic violation of the blood supply, both in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthese glands, and in the fatty tissue around the rectum. Infection with microorganisms can occur if the opening of one of these glands becomes blocked as a result of inflammation, forming a perianal (around the anus) abscess. Then the infection spreads from the inflamed gland to the fatty tissue surrounding the rectum, and paraproctitis occurs. Paraproctitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the perirectal fatty tissue, an accumulation of pus in the deep tissues surrounding the rectum. Both of these processes require immediate treatment. Delay in treatment can lead to serious deterioration and unnecessary complications.

Symptoms of paraproctitis:

Pain in the anus or buttocks

Fever

Sensation of a lump in the anal region

Painful spasms bowels

Pain in the lower abdomen

Fatigue

Swelling in the anus or buttocks

Night sweats

Some people are more likely to develop perirectal and perianal abscesses, including those with the following medical problems:

Diabetes

AIDS or HIV infection with low white blood cell count

Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis.

Persons receiving drugs that suppress the body’s immune system, such as glucocorticosteroids (prednisolone, methylprednisolone), cancer chemotherapy drugs 07

Sigmoidoscopy

Symptoms of proctological diseases

Colonoscopy

Proctological operations

Anal fissure

Cryptitis

Anal papillitis

Acute paraproctitis

Chronic paraproctitis

Diverticulosis. Diverticulitis

Crohn’s disease. Symptoms

Causes of Crohn’s disease

Crohn’s disease. Questions for the doctor

Diagnosis of Crohn’s disease

Treatment of Crohn’s disease

Complications of Crohn’s disease

Arthritis of Crohn’s disease

Osteoporosis of Crohn’s disease

Diseases of the liver and bile ducts of Crohn’s disease

Diseases of the eyes of Crohn’s disease

Skin diseases of Crohn’s disease at

Treatment of non-specific ulcerative colitis.

Diagnosis of UC.

Irritable bowel syndrome

Colon polyps

If you are over 50, it is better to talk about colonoscopy today than colon cancer tomorrow

Prevention of colon cancer

Anatomy of the large intestine

Pain in the anus – causes, conditions, diagnosis and treatment

Hemorrhoids

Pancreatitis

Gastritis

Diarrhea

84459

July 19

Pain in the anus: causes of occurrence, in which diseases it occurs, diagnosis and methods of treatment.

Definition

Pain that occurs in the anus (anus) is accompanied by significant discomfort, and its intensity is due to the presence of a significant number of nerve endings here.

Types of pain in the anus

Pain in the anus can be characterized as dull and aching, burning, sharp, piercing, spasmodic, radiating to the lower abdomen, coccyx and perineum. Often, a doctor can make a preliminary diagnosis based on the nature of the pain.

Pain may disturb when walking, sitting for a long time, at the time of defecation and immediately after it.

Possible causes of anal pain

The main causes of pain in the anus are diseases of the rectum. An assessment of their prevalence brings hemorrhoids to the first place. The initial symptoms of hemorrhoids are a feeling of incomplete emptying after defecation, discomfort and itching in the anus.

Pain with hemorrhoids appears only with a complication of the disease – prolapse and thrombosis of the hemorrhoid.

The development of hemorrhoids is caused by hereditary factors, as well as an unhealthy lifestyle, poor nutrition, and certain diseases, such as cirrhosis of the liver. Prolonged sitting, hot baths, heavy lifting, tight clothing – all these factors lead to venous congestion in the pelvic area and the formation of hemorrhoids. If at the same time the feces have a dense consistency due to a lack of fluid and plant fibers in food, then the act of defecation is accompanied by prolonged straining, which, in turn, contributes to the prolapse of nodes into the lumen of the rectum.

Hemorrhoids can occur with the abuse of laxatives and cleansing enemas.

Protrusion or prolapse of hemorrhoids, their infringement is accompanied by a feeling of pulling pain, fullness, itching. Symptoms are worse after spicy food, heavy physical labor, heavy lifting. Rupture of blood vessels leads to persistent bleeding, while clots of scarlet blood are clearly visible on the feces. A long-term disease leads to pain in the anus with any physical activity, being in an upright position or walking.

Among the diseases that cause pain in the anus, the second place is occupied by sphincteritis – inflammation of the mucous membrane of the circular obturator muscle. Sphincteritis most often develops against the background of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: pancreatitis, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, chronic gastritis and duodenitis, irritable bowel syndrome. Constipation or diarrhea that accompanies these diseases increases the risk of developing inflammatory processes in the rectum. In the initial stage of the disease, patients complain of pain in the anus, burning and itching, which are aggravated by defecation. Then there are false urges to defecate and purulent discharge from the anus, so foaming mucus or pus is found on the feces. Sometimes pain can radiate to the perineum and neighboring organs.

The third place in the prevalence of diseases of the rectum, which give severe and persistent pain in the anus, is occupied by rectal fissures . This pathology is characterized by pain during and after defecation, and a small amount of blood may be released.

Cracks can be caused by congestion in the vascular network, a violation of neuromuscular regulation, and injuries. The latter are most often caused by damage to the intestinal mucosa with solid feces.

Often, cracks are combined with hemorrhoids, which is accompanied by prolapse of nodes and more profuse bleeding. The combination of these conditions leads to the formation of a vicious circle: pain during bowel movements causes spasm of the anal sphincter muscles, and spasm increases pain. Minor bleeding due to anal fissure occurs during or after a bowel movement. In the absence of timely treatment, the disease becomes chronic and is accompanied by inflammation of the surrounding tissues. Sometimes a crack leads to a fistula (fistula) – a pathological passage between the rectum and the surface of the skin near the anus.

paraproctitis also leads to the formation of a fistula of the rectum . This is an acute inflammation of the tissues surrounding the rectum.

Paraproctitis is evidenced by increased pain, swelling in the anus, an increase in body temperature to 38 ° C and above.

The fistula may not close for several months, and then recur.

Malignant tumors that form in the anal region are characterized by pronounced symptoms: red blood in the stool, mucus admixture, pain in the anus (first during defecation, and then throughout the day), radiating to the genitals, thigh, bottom belly. Clinical symptoms of hemorrhoids and malignant tumors are similar to each other.

Pain in the anus is not necessarily associated with diseases of the rectum. It can be caused by pathologies of adjacent organs and tissues, in particular, epithelial coccygeal passage , which manifests itself as pain in the sacrum only in case of inflammation. This formation is formed during the period of embryonic development and is a narrow channel lined with epithelium, inside of which there are hair follicles and sebaceous glands.

Another cause of pain in the anus – coccygodynia – inflammation in the coccyx.

Most often, coccygodynia is caused by trauma to the coccyx as a result of a blow or fall.

In a significant proportion of cases, coccygodynia is a spasm of the deep muscles of the pelvic floor as a result of irritation of pain receptors in surrounding tissues during radiculopathy, difficult childbirth, and inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs. Pain in the anus appears at a certain position of the body, during inclinations or the act of defecation.

Pain in the anus is also characteristic of prostatitis . In acute prostatitis, in addition to acute pain in the perineum, groin and in the anus, an increase in body temperature, painful urination and defecation are possible. However, more often prostatitis develops gradually, acquiring a chronic form. In this case, the patient is concerned about the same symptoms, but their severity is significantly reduced.

Diagnostics and examinations for pain in the anus

Diagnostics begins with a thorough patient survey, during which the doctor specifies the intensity, duration and nature of the pain syndrome, previous and concomitant diseases. In addition, without fail, the doctor gives directions for clinical and biochemical blood tests, a general urine test.

Clinical blood test: general analysis, leukoformula, ESR (with microscopy of a blood smear in the presence of pathological changes)

Synonyms: Complete blood count, UAC. Full blood count, FBC, Complete blood count (CBC) with differential white blood cell count (CBC with diff), Hemogram.
Brief description of the study CBC: general a…

Up to 1 business day

Available with house call

RUB 810

Add to cart

General urinalysis (Urine analysis with sediment microscopy)

Method of determination

Determination of physical and chemical parameters is carried out on an automatic analyzer using the “dry chemistry” method.

Hardware microscope. ..

Up to 1 business day

Available with home visit

410 RUB

Add to cart

If anal pain is suspected, the doctor will perform a digital examination of the rectum. In the presence of a chronic crack, not only its localization is determined, but also the type of edges. With a digital examination, you can notice a fistula with a purulent discharge and determine the spastic contraction of the sphincter. In the presence of hemorrhoids, sigmoidoscopy is necessary.

If the digital examination reveals tenderness of the inner surface of the coccyx and its mobility, the doctor may prescribe an x-ray, which can detect subluxation of the coccyx, especially when dynamically examined in a sitting and lying position.

Radiography of the lumbar and sacral spine

X-ray examination to assess the condition and structural integrity of the vertebrae of the lumbosacral-coccygeal spine.

RUB 2,440

Sign up

If pelvic pain is suspected, an ultrasound of the abdominal cavity and small pelvis is prescribed, and for men, an ultrasound of the prostate gland.

US examination of pelvic organs (uterus, adnexa)

Ultrasound scanning of the organs of the female reproductive system to assess the shape and size, as well as exclude pathology.

RUB 2,590

Sign up

Ultrasound of the prostate

Ultrasound scan of the prostate, giving an idea of ​​the condition of the prostate and the presence of pathology.

RUB 2,190

Sign up

Which doctors to contact for pain in the anus

If you experience pain in the anus, you should contact a proctologist or gastroenterologist. Women should be examined by a gynecologist. If a neurological nature of the pain is suspected, a consultation with a neurologist is required, and if the oncological nature of the pain is suspected, an oncologist or an oncourologist is involved in the treatment.

What to do in case of pain in the anus

Any diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are based on an unhealthy lifestyle and diet, therefore, when pain occurs in the anus, it is necessary first of all to correct the diet and drinking regimen. The next step is to reduce congestion in the veins by increasing physical activity, therapeutic exercises. When standing, it is advisable to use compression stockings and do gymnastics for the legs.

Treatment of pain in the anus

There are so many causes of pain in the anus that there is no one and the same way to treat all its varieties. Symptomatic treatment, that is, taking analgesics, can reduce the severity of pain, but does not eliminate its cause. Etiotropic therapy is selected individually and only after an accurate diagnosis has been made. It may include antibiotics, venotonics, hemostatic agents, antiplatelet drugs, etc.

Sources:

1. Kadyrov Z.A., Kryachko A.A., Aliev Z.O., Faniev M.V., Ishonakov Kh.S. Chronic inflammatory diseases of the rectum and prostate gland (literature review). Andrology and genital surgery, journal. T. 17, 2016. S. 12-19.
2. Clinical recommendations “Anal fissure”. Developed by: Association of Coloproctologists of Russia. – 2021.
3. Clinical guidelines “Polyp of the anal canal”. Developed by: Association of Coloproctologists of Russia. – 2020.
4. Clinical guidelines “Hemorrhoid”. Developed by: Association of Coloproctologists of Russia. – 2020.

IMPORTANT!

The information in this section should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. In case of pain or other exacerbation of the disease, only the attending physician should prescribe diagnostic tests.