Vitamin B12 deficiency: Symptoms, complications, and more

A vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to nerve and brain damage and anemia. Early symptoms include weakness, constipation, and depression. It can result from dietary factors, medication use, and some underlying conditions.

Vitamin B12 is vital for creating and maintaining nerve and red blood cells, it supports the nervous system, and it helps create DNA, the basis of all cells.

Without treatment, vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to anemia. It can also result in nerve and brain damage. According to the Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS), the damage may be irreversible in the long term.

This article looks at how to recognize B12 deficiency, who is at risk, and how to treat or prevent it.

Learn more about the B vitamins here.

According to the National Health Service (NHS) in the United Kingdom, a person with vitamin B12 deficiency may develop anemia and other symptoms.

Low levels of B12 can lead to:

• fatigue and weakness
• constipation
• loss of appetite and weight loss
• problems with balance
• depression
• problems with thinking
• a sore mouth or tongue

In infants, signs of a deficiency include:

• not growing or developing at the expected rate
• problems with movement
• megaloblastic anemia

Anemia and neurological problems can lead to further symptoms and complications.

Anemia

Body cells need vitamin B12 to reproduce. If a person does not have enough vitamin B12, their body cannot make enough red blood cells. This can result in anemia.

The hallmark symptom of B12 deficiency is megaloblastic anemia, in which the red blood cells are immature and larger than usual. This affects their ability to deliver oxygen effectively to the body.

Common symptoms of anemia are:

• fatigue
• shortness of breath
• feeling faint
• headaches
• pale or yellowish skin
• heart palpitations
• tinnitus (ringing in the ears)
• reduced appetite and weight loss

Neurological symptoms

A vitamin B12 deficiency can also lead to neurological symptoms, such as:

• numbness and tingling in the hands and feet
• problems with thinking and memory
• confusion
• problems with balance
• changes in gait and other movements

Long-term B12 deficiency may increase the risk of various health problems. One reason for this may be that the body needs vitamin B12 to process homocysteine.

Experts have found links between high levels of homocysteine and some health conditions, such as dementia and cardiovascular disease.

Dementia and thinking

Low levels of vitamin B12 may affect brain health in the long term and increase the risk of cognitive decline.

Depending on the person’s age, it may lead to:

• reduced school performance in children
• irritability
• memory loss
• depression
• dementia

Some research has found higher levels of homocysteine in people with Alzheimer’s and dementia.

In 2012, researchers published the results of a study involving 121 people aged 65 years and over.

First, they tested the participants’ blood to identify levels of vitamin B12 and other markers of B12 deficiency. They also assessed their memories and other thinking skills.

After 52 months, they carried out MRI scans of the participants’ brains. They checked for brain size and any signs of brain damage.

Results showed that those with the strongest signs of vitamin B12 deficiency in the initial tests were much more likely to have lower cognitive test scores and smaller total brain volumes after 52 months.

Neurological damage

Studies have shown that 20–30% of people with B12 deficiency have neurological damage, such as:

• nerve damage
• damage to the spinal cord
• neurological problems that affect mental health

Cardiovascular disease

Experts have also found high levels of homocysteine in people with coronary heart disease and stroke.

However, there is not enough evidence to recommend B12 supplementation to prevent heart disease.

Energy levels

Some people use B12 supplements to boost energy levels and athletic performance. However, supplements only appear to help if a person already has a deficiency.

The amount of vitamin B12 an individual needs per day will depend on their age. People also need more B12 during pregnancy and while breastfeeding.

According to the ODS, the average daily recommended amounts for different ages in micrograms (mcg) are:

A B12 deficiency can occur if a person does not consume enough of the vitamin in their diet or if their body cannot absorb it effectively during digestion.

When a person consumes food that contains vitamin B12, the body takes two steps to absorb it.

First, hydrochloric acid in the stomach separates it from the protein it binds to in food.

Then, vitamin B12 combines with another protein that the stomach produces, called intrinsic factor. Then, the intestines can absorb it.

Here are some possible causes of vitamin B12 deficiency.

1) Pernicious anemia

Pernicious anemia is an autoimmune disease that affects the gut’s ability to digest vitamin B12.

When a person has pernicious anemia, their immune system creates antibodies that attack the stomach’s lining. There, they damage cells that produce intrinsic factor.

If the stomach cannot produce intrinsic factor, the intestines will be unable to absorb vitamin B12.

2) Bowel problems

Some people may have problems absorbing vitamin B12 into their bloodstream because of a condition that affects their stomach or small intestine.

Possible causes include:

• Crohn’s disease
• celiac disease
• surgery that reduces the size of the stomach or the length of the intestine

These people can experience malnutrition because they cannot absorb enough vitamins, water, and other nutrients.

3) Diet

People who follow a vegan or vegetarian diet may have a higher risk of B12 deficiency. During pregnancy, this may increase the risk of neurological damage in a fetus.

While some plant foods contain vitamin B12, it is often in a form that the body cannot absorb efficiently, according to research published in 2013.

People who follow a plant-based diet can supplement their B12 intake by eating fortified foods, such as nutritional yeast products.

4) Medications

Some medications can affect the body’s ability to digest vitamin B12, leading to a deficiency.

Examples include proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and Histamine h3 receptor agonists (h3 blockers), which doctors prescribe to treat indigestion, heartburn, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

PPIs prevent the stomach from producing acid, but the body needs acid to absorb vitamin B12.

5) Functional vitamin B12 deficiency

Some people appear to have enough vitamin B12 in their blood, but they do not have the proteins they need to transport it between cells. This means the body cannot use it effectively.

They can develop neurological symptoms related to B12 deficiency.

To assess for a vitamin B12 deficiency, a doctor will likely:

• ask about symptoms
• carry out a physical examination
• do a blood test to measure B12 levels and check for anemia
• do other tests to rule out other conditions and check for pernicious anemia, if necessary

Some people will have a B12 deficiency but no symptoms. A doctor may recommend regular testing for people with long-term gastrointestinal problems to ensure a deficiency does not develop.

Getting an early diagnosis can help prevent long-term complications.

Treatment will depend largely on the cause of a deficiency.

Options include increasing vitamin B12 intake through:

• intramuscular injections
• oral medicine
• adding foods that are rich in B12 to the diet

Some people may need regular injections for the rest of their life.

Most people can prevent B12 deficiency through dietary choices, but this is not always the case.

People following a plant-based diet

People whose diet is largely or wholly plant-based should ensure their B12 intake is adequate.

Dietary options include:

• fortified breakfast cereals
• fortified nutritional yeast
• fortified soy milk

Learn more about supplements that are suitable for people on a vegan diet.

People who eat meat or fish

For those who eat meat or fish, a balanced diet containing fish, meat, and dairy foods should have enough B12 for human requirements.

Other conditions and medical treatments

Anyone who has a chronic gastrointestinal condition or believes they may have symptoms of B12 deficiency should seek medical advice.

The doctor will seek to identify the cause and treat it accordingly.

Good sources of vitamin B12 include the following:

• clams
• beef liver
• fish, such as trout, salmon, and tuna
• nutritional yeast
• dairy products
• eggs
• fortified yeasts and other foods

Get some more tips here on vitamin B12 sources.

Vitamin B12 is essential for preventing anemia and maintaining neurological health. It may help prevent dementia and heart disease.

A balanced diet can often help prevent a deficiency. People who eat only plant-based foods may consider including fortified foods or asking a doctor about supplements.

A doctor may also recommend supplements if a person has pernicious anemia, Crohn’s disease, or another condition that affects their ability to absorb vitamin B12.

Uses, normal ranges, and results

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A vitamin B-12 level test checks the amount of vitamin B-12 in the blood or urine to gauge the body’s overall vitamin B-12 stores. Levels will usually be between 200 and 900 picograms per milliliter, but the way of measuring will depend on the laboratory.

Vitamin B-12 is necessary for several bodily processes, including nerve function and the production of DNA and red blood cells.

A person whose vitamin B-12 levels are outside of the normal range will require treatment. Low levels of the vitamin can cause neurological symptoms, as well as fatigue, constipation, and weight loss. High B-12 levels may indicate liver disease, diabetes, or another condition.

Read on to learn more about testing B-12 levels and what the test results mean.

The vitamin B-12 level test checks how much vitamin B-12 is in the body. The results can help doctors to determine if abnormal vitamin B-12 levels are causing symptoms.

A doctor may order a vitamin B-12 level test if a person has any of the following:

Suspected vitamin B-12 deficiency

Researchers believe that up to 15 percent of people in the United States have vitamin B-12 deficiency. Signs and symptoms of deficiency include:

• confusion
• dementia
• depression
• difficulty maintaining balance
• fast heartbeat
• numbness and tingling in the hands and feet
• poor memory
• a sore mouth or tongue

Infants with vitamin B-12 deficiency may fail to thrive. They may experience movement problems in addition to delayed development.

Pernicious anemia

People with symptoms of pernicious anemia may also need a vitamin B-12 level test. Pernicious anemia, which causes low levels of red blood cells, results from an inability to absorb vitamin B-12.

It often affects older adults or those who are lacking intrinsic factor. Intrinsic factor is a substance in the stomach that binds to vitamin B-12 so that the body can absorb it.

Symptoms of pernicious anemia include:

• constipation
• fatigue
• loss of appetite
• pale skin
• weakness
• weight loss

High serum folate levels

Serum folate is the level of folic acid in the blood. High serum folate levels can mask the symptoms of vitamin B-12 deficiency and make its neurological symptoms worse.

They can also increase the likelihood of anemia.

Symptoms of other conditions

An abnormally high vitamin B-12 status can be an early sign of liver disease, diabetes, or certain types of leukemia. A doctor may use the results of a vitamin B-12 test to help form their diagnosis.

Share on PinterestChildren and older adults are more likely to experience low vitamin B-12 levels.

Certain people are more at risk of vitamin B-12 deficiency than others, especially those who have low stomach acid or other digestive issues. Stomach acid separates vitamin B-12 from food so that the body can absorb it more efficiently.

The following groups of people are more likely than others to experience low vitamin B-12 levels:

• older adults
• children
• vegans and vegetarians
• people with diabetes
• people with conditions that reduce vitamin B-12 absorption, including celiac disease and Crohn’s disease
• people who have had gastric bypass surgery
• those who are breast-feeding
• people who are taking medicines such as chloramphenicol, proton pump inhibitors, or h3 blockers

Doctors usually use a blood test to check vitamin B-12 status, but home urine tests are also available. A doctor can check vitamin B-12 as part of a standard blood test.

Although it is not necessary to fast before a B-12 test, a person may need to if the doctor is also using the test to look at other components in the blood.

It is important that individuals tell their doctor about any medications and supplements they are taking, as some can affect the results.

The results may be:

• Low. Levels of vitamin B-12 are low if they are below 200 pg/mL. This result suggests a vitamin B-12 deficiency, pernicious anemia, or an overactive thyroid. People with low vitamin B-12 levels often experience neurological symptoms.
• High. An abnormally high vitamin B-12 status is anything over 900 pg/mL. This result may suggest liver or kidney problems, diabetes, or certain forms of leukemia.

The result ranges vary from one laboratory to another, so it is important to discuss the results and their meaning with a doctor.

The doctor may also check the levels of methylmalonic acid (MMA) and other substances to evaluate for vitamin B-12 deficiency. These lab values help detect a vitamin B-12 deficiency during the early stages.

Individuals with low vitamin B-12 levels often require regular injections of the vitamin. These shots are more effective than supplements at raising vitamin B-12 levels, especially when people have medical conditions that may make it more difficult to absorb supplements.

For some people, high doses of vitamin B-12 supplements may improve B-12 status. Supplements are available in capsule or liquid form from pharmacies, supermarkets, health stores, and online. It may also be helpful to eat more foods that are rich in vitamin B-12.

There is no upper limit for vitamin B-12 intake because consuming high levels does not cause problems. However, having naturally high levels of vitamin B-12 in the body may be a cause for concern, as it suggests a severe underlying condition. Doctors will aim to treat the underlying medical condition, rather than the elevated levels of vitamin B-12.

Share on PinterestEggs are rich in vitamin B-12.

Share on PinterestEggs are rich in vitamin B-12.

Although absorption difficulties and other medical issues often cause low vitamin B-12 levels, some people may be deficient because they do not get enough vitamin B-12 from their diet. This is especially true for vegans and long-term vegetarians.

Foods rich in vitamin B-12 include:

• fish and seafood
• meat
• eggs
• dairy products
• fortified plant-based dairy alternatives
• fortified breakfast cereals
• fortified nutritional yeast

Vitamin supplements can make up for a shortfall in the diet, especially for vegans and strict vegetarians. As it can be easier for their body to absorb supplements than naturally occurring vitamin B-12, older adults should aim to meet their vitamin B-12 needs through fortified foods and vitamin supplements.

Recommended dietary allowances of vitamin B-12

Adults and adolescents over 14 years of age require 2.4 micrograms (mcg) of vitamin B-12 daily. This increases to 2.6 mcg during pregnancy, and 2.8 mcg when breast-feeding.

Vitamin B-12 is an essential nutrient that plays a vital role in overall health. A vitamin B-12 level test determines a person’s vitamin B-12 status. A doctor may recommend this test to people who have symptoms of a deficiency or who have a higher risk of low vitamin B-12 in the body.

People can avoid vitamin B-12 deficiency by eating a balanced diet and including several sources of vitamin B-12 daily or taking supplements. If they have issues absorbing vitamin B-12 from food sources, oral supplements or injections of the vitamin can help to prevent symptoms and complications.

Vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms

January 25, 2023 – Bhumika Singh, Webmedy team

Update – July 12, 2023

1. Webmedy Blog
2. Health & Fitness 9 0009
3. Food and nutrition
4. Vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms

Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient your body needs for processes such as DNA synthesis, energy production, and brain and central nervous system function. It plays an important role in the formation of red blood cells. It plays an important role in the metabolism of every cell in the body, as well as in DNA synthesis. Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause anemia, fatigue, nerve damage, and other problems.

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Causes of vitamin B12 deficiency

• malabsorption 90 032

  Vitamin B12 malabsorption can be caused by many causes such as anemia in autoimmune gastritis, surgical removal of the stomach, chronic inflammation of the pancreas, intestinal parasites, genetic disorders, and certain medications.

  Because the ability to absorb B12 from food decreases with age, deficiency is more common in older people. However, B12 deficiency can also occur in children and young adults.

• Inadequate diet

  Vitamin B12 deficiency can be caused by malnutrition or improper diet, such as a vegetarian diet.

Vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms

Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient needed for the proper functioning of the brain and nervous system, and for the formation of red blood cells. Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause a variety of symptoms.

Let’s look at the 5 main symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency.

• Fatigue and weakness

  Vitamin B12 is essential for the production of red blood cells, which are responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the tissues of the body. When the body is deficient in vitamin B12, it can lead to a decrease in the number of red blood cells, leading to a condition called anemia.

  Anemia can cause a range of symptoms including fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath and dizziness. Oxygen is necessary for the production of energy in the body, and without it, the cells and tissues of the body cannot function normally. Shortness of breath occurs due to the fact that the body does not receive enough oxygen due to a decrease in the number of red blood cells. Dizziness can also occur due to a lack of oxygen in the brain.

  Vitamin B12 is involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins, which are the main sources of energy in the body. Without enough vitamin B12, the body’s ability to produce energy from these nutrients is reduced, leading to fatigue and weakness.

• Neurological problems

  Studies have shown that vitamin B12 deficiency can cause changes in the structure and function of the brain, which can lead to cognitive decline and memory loss. Vitamin B12 plays an important role in the production of myelin, a fatty substance that forms a protective sheath around nerve fibers in the brain. Without enough vitamin B12, the myelin sheath can be damaged, causing problems with nerve impulse transmission and cognitive function.

  Vitamin B12 plays a role in the synthesis of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine, which are important for mood, memory and cognitive functions. Without enough vitamin B12, the production of these neurotransmitters can be disrupted, which can lead to cognitive decline and memory loss.

  Nerve damage caused by vitamin B12 deficiency can cause numbness or tingling in the hands and feet. Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause difficulty walking and balance problems.

• Mouth and tongue problems

  Vitamin B12 is essential for the proper functioning of the cells in the mouth and digestive system. When the body is deficient in vitamin B12, it can lead to a condition called glossitis, which is an inflammation of the tongue. Glossitis causes swelling, redness, and soreness of the tongue, making it difficult and painful to eat or speak.

  Vitamin B12 deficiency can also lead to cold sores or sores, which are small, painful sores that develop in the mouth. These sores can occur on the tongue, lips, gums, or inside of the cheeks. Vitamin B12 deficiency can weaken the immune system, making it easier for bacteria to infect the mouth and cause ulcers.

• Digestive problems

  Vitamin B12 plays an important role in the proper functioning of the digestive system, including the absorption of nutrients and the regulation of bowel movements. When the body is deficient in vitamin B12, it can lead to a change in bowel habits. Studies have shown that vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to gastrointestinal symptoms such as constipation, diarrhea, bloating, and loss of appetite. These symptoms may be related to disruption of the normal digestive processes, which can affect the movement of food through the intestines.

  Vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to a condition called bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine. It occurs when there is an overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestine, which can lead to gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, bloating, and abdominal pain.

• Vision problems

  Vitamin B12 is important for the proper functioning of the nervous system, including the nerves that control vision. When the body is deficient in vitamin B12, it can cause neurological symptoms, including vision problems. Research has shown that vitamin B12 deficiency can cause changes in the optic nerve, which is responsible for transmitting visual information from the eyes to the brain. This can lead to vision problems such as blurred vision, double vision or blurred vision.

Summary

Vitamin B12 supplements can interact with certain medications, such as metformin used for diabetes, proton pump inhibitors used for acid reflux, and some antibiotics. Taking more than the recommended dose of vitamin B12 can cause side effects such as acne, diarrhea, and upset stomach. Although vitamin B12 is generally considered safe, long-term use of high doses can cause skin reactions and problems such as anemia.

People also ask

What are the symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency?

Vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms may be subtle and vary from person to person. These may include fatigue, weakness, constipation, loss of appetite, weight loss, and megaloblastic anemia. Neurological problems may also occur, such as numbness and tingling in the hands and feet. Other symptoms include balance problems, depression, confusion, poor memory, and sore mouth or tongue.

How long does it take for B12 deficiency symptoms to appear?

How quickly B12 deficiency symptoms appear can depend on a variety of factors, including a person’s diet, age, and general health. Typically, symptoms may appear within a few months to a year after the body’s stores of vitamin B12 begin to deplete. However, in some cases, it can take years for symptoms to appear, especially if the deficiency is caused by a gradual decrease in the ability to absorb B12.

Can vitamin B12 deficiency cause fatigue?

Yes, fatigue is one of the most common symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency. This is because the body needs B12 to produce red blood cells, which carry oxygen throughout the body. Without enough oxygen in the cells, a person can feel tired and weak.

What mental symptoms can vitamin B12 deficiency cause?

Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause a range of psychiatric symptoms, including depression, mood swings, confusion and memory loss. In severe cases, this can lead to dementia. These effects are thought to be related to the role of vitamin B12 in brain function and neurotransmitter synthesis.

Is hair loss a sign of vitamin B12 deficiency?

Although less common, vitamin B12 deficiency can contribute to hair loss. B12 helps in the production of red blood cells, which carry oxygen to all cells in the body, including hair follicles. Without enough oxygen, hair follicles will not be able to grow new hair efficiently.

Can vitamin B12 deficiency cause skin problems?

Yes, vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to skin problems. These can include hyperpigmentation (dark, discolored areas of the skin), vitiligo (loss of skin color in patches), hair changes, and angular stomatitis (cracks at the corners of the mouth).

Can vitamin B12 deficiency cause anemia?

Yes, one of the most common consequences of vitamin B12 deficiency is a type of anemia called megaloblastic anemia. This is characterized by the production of larger than normal red blood cells that do not function properly, resulting in less oxygen being transported to the body’s cells.

Is shortness of breath a symptom of vitamin B12 deficiency?

Yes, shortness of breath can be a symptom of vitamin B12 deficiency. It is usually associated with anemia caused by oxygen deficiency, which results in the body’s cells not getting enough oxygen.

Can vitamin B12 deficiency lead to weight gain or weight loss?

Vitamin B12 deficiency can sometimes lead to weight loss due to loss of appetite. However, it is less likely to cause weight gain. Weight changes are usually not the primary symptoms of a B12 deficiency and may also indicate other health problems.

How does vitamin B12 deficiency affect the digestive system?

Vitamin B12 deficiency can affect the digestive system, causing symptoms such as nausea, loss of appetite, constipation and weight loss. It can also lead to a swollen and inflamed tongue and mouth ulcers.

Can vitamin B12 deficiency cause neurological problems?

Yes, vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to neurological problems. These may include numbness and tingling in the arms and legs, balance problems, and depression. Severe, prolonged deficiency can even lead to permanent damage to the nervous system.

Is blurry vision a sign of vitamin B12 deficiency?

Blurred vision can occur with vitamin B12 deficiency due to optic neuropathy, a condition in which the optic nerve leading to the eye is damaged. This is a less common symptom, but it requires immediate attention to prevent long-term vision damage.

Can vitamin B12 deficiency cause muscle weakness?

Yes, muscle weakness can be a sign of vitamin B12 deficiency. This is usually due to anemia or low oxygen levels in the cells, which can make it difficult for the muscles to function optimally.

Is difficulty walking a sign of vitamin B12 deficiency?

Yes, difficulty walking can be a symptom of a severe vitamin B12 deficiency. This is often due to the neurological impact of the deficiency, which can affect balance and coordination.

Can vitamin B12 deficiency cause mood changes?

Yes, mood changes, including depression and irritability, can be symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 plays a role in the production of brain chemicals that affect mood and other brain functions.

Can a lack of vitamin B12 cause tongue problems?

Yes, vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to a condition known as glossitis, in which the tongue becomes swollen, inflamed, and sometimes painful. It can also lead to changes in the way a person talks and eats.

Is numbness or tingling a symptom of vitamin B12 deficiency?

Yes, numbness or tingling in the hands and feet, also known as peripheral neuropathy, can be a symptom of vitamin B12 deficiency. This is due to the role that B12 plays in the healthy functioning of the nervous system.

Can vitamin B12 deficiency cause memory problems?

Yes, memory problems, confusion, and even dementia can be symptoms of severe vitamin B12 deficiency. This is due to B12’s critical role in brain function and the formation of red blood cells that deliver oxygen to the brain.

How does vitamin B12 deficiency affect heart health?

Vitamin B12 deficiency can indirectly affect heart health by increasing blood levels of homocysteine, an amino acid. High homocysteine ​​levels have been associated with an increased risk of heart disease.

Can a vitamin B12 deficiency lead to a weakened immune system?

While vitamin B12 is essential for healthy nerve tissue, brain function, and red blood cell production, its role in the immune system is less clear. However, since vitamin B12 is involved in cellular function and replication, its deficiency can lead to reduced immune function. More research is needed in this area.

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How to Diagnose Vitamin B12 Deficiency Without Testing: Signs and Advice from a Doctor

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90 002 How to determine vitamin B12 deficiency without tests: signs and advice from a doctor

How to determine vitamin B12 deficiency without tests: signs and advice from a doctor0003

B12 is one of the most important vitamins in the human body. Many vital processes depend on it. So, water-soluble vitamin B12 is necessary for… RIA Novosti Sport, 20.08.2021

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MOSCOW, July 5 – RIA Novosti. B12 is one of the most important vitamins in the human body. Many vital processes depend on it. So, water-soluble vitamin B12 is necessary for the formation of red blood cells, it also synthesizes RNA and DNA, amino acids and proteins, ensures the functioning of the nervous system. Most of vitamin B12 is found in fish, meat, poultry, dairy products and eggs. Liver, mackerel and beef are especially rich in them. However, it turns out that many people suffer from B12 deficiency and even anemia. Older people, vegans, diabetics, and people taking antacids are at risk. It can be extremely difficult to diagnose a lack of this vitamin in the body, but there are common signs that you can recognize on your own. First of all, skin color. In people with B12 deficiency, it is very pale or icteric. This skin condition is associated with a lack of red blood cells, which are destroyed, causing an excess of bilirubin. Bilirubin is produced in the liver and is the result of the breakdown of dying blood cells. A large amount of this substance in the body gives the skin and whites of the eyes a yellowish tint. Constant weakness and fatigue are also important signals of B12 deficiency. As in the first case, erythrocytes are also to blame here, because they carry oxygen to the cells. With its deficiency, hypoxia develops: a person feels constant drowsiness, shortness of breath and dizziness. Another feature of vitamin B12 is to protect nerve fibers. Therefore, in the presence of a deficiency, the functioning of the nervous system is disrupted. This manifests itself in the form of paresthesia – a disorder of sensitivity, which is characterized by spontaneously occurring sensations of crawling, burning, tingling. A long-term deficiency of this active substance can lead to problems with coordination and changes in gait, which is especially dangerous for older people. Glossitis is another unpleasant consequence of a deficiency. B12. This condition is accompanied by pain in the tongue, a change in its texture and color. Itching in the mouth or tingling in the tongue can also be observed. In rare cases, with a lack of B12, the optic nerve is damaged, and then vision becomes blurry and fuzzy. This progressive loss of vision is called optic neuropathy. There is a violation of the transmission of impulses from the eyes to the brain, the world becomes blurred. Mood swings are also associated with a lack of vitamin B12 in the body. Chronic deficiency of this vitamin can even lead to severe depression or dementia. Rarely, low B12 levels can cause fever, fever, or fever. Dietitian Inna Aminova also advises to pay attention to the following symptoms: body odor, loss of appetite, back pain and regular headaches. A competent specialist will be able to choose a vitamin in a form convenient for you. Also, don’t forget to include foods rich in B12 in your diet and monitor the condition of the gastrointestinal tract.

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health, vitamins

Healthy lifestyle, Health, Vitamins

MOSCOW, July 5 – RIA Novosti. B ₁₂ is one of the most important vitamins in the human body. Many vital processes depend on it. Thus, water-soluble vitamin B ₁₂ is necessary for the formation of red blood cells, it also synthesizes RNA and DNA, amino acids and proteins, and ensures the functioning of the nervous system.

Most vitamin B ₁₂ is found in fish, meat, poultry, dairy products and eggs. Liver, mackerel and beef are especially rich in them. However, it turns out that many people are deficient in B ₁₂ and even for anemia. At risk are the elderly, vegans, diabetics, and people taking antacids.

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It can be extremely difficult to diagnose a lack of this vitamin in the body, but there are common signs that you can recognize on your own.

First of all, skin color. In people with B ₁₂ deficiency, it is very pale or icteric. This skin condition is associated with a lack of red blood cells, which are destroyed, causing an excess of bilirubin. Bilirubin is produced in the liver and is the result of the breakdown of dying blood cells. A large amount of this substance in the body gives the skin and whites of the eyes a yellowish tint.

Constant weakness and fatigue are also important signs of deficiency B ₁₂ . As in the first case, erythrocytes are also to blame here, because they carry oxygen to the cells. With its deficiency, hypoxia develops: a person feels constant drowsiness, shortness of breath and dizziness.

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Another feature of vitamin B ₁₂ is to protect nerve fibers. Therefore, in the presence of a deficiency, the functioning of the nervous system is disrupted. This manifests itself in the form of paresthesia – a sensitivity disorder, which is characterized by spontaneously arising sensations of crawling, burning, tingling.

Long-term deficiency of this active substance can lead to coordination problems and changes in gait, which is especially dangerous for older people.

Glossitis is another unpleasant consequence of B deficiency ₁₂ . This condition is accompanied by pain in the tongue, a change in its texture and color. You may also experience itching in the mouth or tingling in the tongue.

In rare cases, with a lack of B ₁₂ , the optic nerve is damaged, and then vision becomes blurry and indistinct. This progressive loss of vision is called optic neuropathy. There is a violation of the transmission of impulses from the eyes to the brain, the world becomes blurry.

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Mood swings are also associated with a lack of vitamin B in the body ₁₂ .