What is the relationship between diverticulosis and colorectal polyps. How does age affect the prevalence of these conditions. What are the key findings of recent studies on this topic. What are the implications for colorectal cancer screening and prevention.

The Link Between Diverticulosis and Colorectal Polyps

Diverticulosis and colorectal polyps are two common gastrointestinal conditions that become more prevalent as people age. While they are distinct conditions, recent research has uncovered intriguing connections between them. A study published in the International Journal of Colorectal Disease in 2014 shed light on this association.

The study, conducted by Adnan Muhammad and colleagues, found a significant correlation between the presence of diverticulosis and an increased risk of colorectal polyps. Specifically, patients with diverticulosis were 1.54 times more likely to have colorectal polyps compared to those without diverticulosis.

This association held true across various locations in the colon and for different histological subtypes of polyps. The findings suggest that the presence of diverticulosis may be an independent risk factor for the development of colorectal polyps.

Age as a Critical Factor in Diverticulosis and Polyp Formation

Age plays a crucial role in the development of both diverticulosis and colorectal polyps. The study revealed a statistically significant association between age, the presence of diverticulosis, and colorectal polyps. For every year increase in age, the odds of having colorectal polyps increased by 3%.

The correlation was particularly striking in older age groups. Patients over 70 years of age with diverticulosis had a 3.55 times higher risk of colorectal polyps compared to younger individuals. This underscores the importance of regular colorectal cancer screening, especially for older adults with known diverticulosis.

Age-related risk factors:

• Increased prevalence of diverticulosis with age
• Higher incidence of colorectal polyps in older individuals
• Cumulative effect of lifestyle and dietary factors over time
• Potential changes in gut microbiome composition with aging

Shared Risk Factors and Potential Mechanisms

The association between diverticulosis and colorectal polyps may be partly explained by shared risk factors. Both conditions have been linked to similar dietary and lifestyle factors:

• Low dietary fiber intake
• High consumption of saturated fats
• Slow colonic transit time
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Obesity

These common risk factors suggest that similar underlying mechanisms may contribute to the development of both diverticulosis and colorectal polyps. Changes in the gut microbiome, chronic low-grade inflammation, and alterations in colonic motility could play roles in both conditions.

Implications for Colorectal Cancer Screening

The strong association between diverticulosis and colorectal polyps has important implications for colorectal cancer screening and prevention strategies. Given that colorectal polyps, particularly adenomas, are precursors to colorectal cancer, individuals with diverticulosis may benefit from more vigilant screening protocols.

Potential screening considerations for patients with diverticulosis:

1. Earlier initiation of colorectal cancer screening
2. More frequent screening intervals
3. Use of advanced imaging techniques during colonoscopy
4. Careful examination of diverticular segments for hidden polyps

Healthcare providers should be aware of this association and consider it when developing personalized screening recommendations for patients with diverticulosis, especially those in higher-risk age groups.

Diverticulitis and Colorectal Polyps: A Distinct Relationship

While the study found a strong link between diverticulosis and colorectal polyps, it’s important to note that the same association was not observed for diverticulitis. The incidence of diverticulitis in the study population was low (less than 1%), and no significant correlation was found between diverticulitis and the presence of colon polyps.

This distinction highlights the complex nature of diverticular disease and its potential relationship with colorectal neoplasia. It suggests that the chronic, asymptomatic presence of diverticula may be more relevant to polyp formation than acute inflammatory episodes.

Key points about diverticulitis and polyps:

• Low incidence of diverticulitis in the study population
• No significant association between diverticulitis and colon polyps
• Chronic diverticulosis may be more relevant to polyp risk than acute diverticulitis
• Further research needed to explore potential mechanisms

The Role of Colonoscopy in Diagnosing Diverticulosis and Polyps

Colonoscopy remains the gold standard for diagnosing both diverticulosis and colorectal polyps. The study by Muhammad et al. utilized colonoscopy data to establish the relationship between these conditions. This underscores the importance of high-quality colonoscopy procedures in detecting and managing both diverticulosis and polyps.

Interestingly, the study found no significant association between the indication for colonoscopy and the presence of colorectal polyps in patients with diverticulosis. This suggests that the increased risk of polyps in diverticulosis patients is independent of the initial reason for undergoing colonoscopy.

Colonoscopy considerations in patients with diverticulosis:

• Careful examination of diverticular segments
• Potential use of advanced imaging techniques (e.g., narrow-band imaging)
• Adequate bowel preparation to ensure optimal visualization
• Consideration of longer withdrawal times to thoroughly inspect the colon

Future Research Directions and Unanswered Questions

While the study by Muhammad et al. provides valuable insights into the relationship between diverticulosis and colorectal polyps, several questions remain unanswered and warrant further investigation:

1. What are the molecular mechanisms underlying the association between diverticulosis and polyp formation?
2. Are there specific subtypes of diverticulosis that confer a higher risk of colorectal polyps?
3. How does the severity or extent of diverticulosis impact the risk of polyp development?
4. Can interventions targeting diverticulosis (e.g., dietary modifications) also reduce the risk of colorectal polyps?
5. Are there genetic factors that predispose individuals to both diverticulosis and colorectal polyps?

Addressing these questions through large-scale, prospective studies will be crucial in further elucidating the relationship between diverticulosis and colorectal neoplasia. Such research could lead to more targeted screening and prevention strategies for individuals at increased risk.

Clinical Implications and Patient Management

The findings of the study have several important implications for clinical practice and patient management:

• Increased vigilance for colorectal polyps in patients with known diverticulosis
• Consideration of more aggressive screening protocols for high-risk individuals
• Emphasis on lifestyle modifications that may reduce the risk of both diverticulosis and colorectal polyps
• Patient education about the potential increased risk of polyps associated with diverticulosis
• Interdisciplinary approach involving gastroenterologists, colorectal surgeons, and primary care physicians

Healthcare providers should consider incorporating these findings into their clinical decision-making processes when managing patients with diverticulosis or those at risk for colorectal polyps.

Recommended preventive measures:

1. High-fiber diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
2. Regular physical activity and maintaining a healthy weight
3. Limiting consumption of red and processed meats
4. Avoiding excessive alcohol intake
5. Smoking cessation

By implementing these preventive measures and adhering to appropriate screening guidelines, patients can potentially reduce their risk of both diverticulosis and colorectal polyps, ultimately contributing to better gastrointestinal health and cancer prevention.

Limitations and Considerations of the Study

While the study by Muhammad et al. provides valuable insights, it’s important to consider its limitations and potential areas for improvement in future research:

• Retrospective design: The study’s retrospective nature limits the ability to establish causality between diverticulosis and colorectal polyps.
• Single-center study: Conducted at a single institution, which may limit generalizability to other populations.
• Lack of long-term follow-up: The study doesn’t provide information on the long-term outcomes or polyp recurrence rates in patients with diverticulosis.
• Potential confounding factors: While the study adjusted for age, other potential confounders may not have been fully accounted for.
• Limited information on diverticulosis severity: The study doesn’t provide detailed information on the extent or severity of diverticulosis in relation to polyp risk.

Addressing these limitations in future studies will help to further clarify the relationship between diverticulosis and colorectal polyps, potentially leading to more refined screening and prevention strategies.

Suggestions for future research:

1. Large-scale, multi-center prospective cohort studies
2. Inclusion of diverse patient populations
3. Long-term follow-up to assess polyp recurrence and progression
4. Detailed characterization of diverticulosis severity and distribution
5. Investigation of potential molecular and genetic markers

By addressing these areas, researchers can build upon the foundation laid by Muhammad et al. and continue to advance our understanding of the complex relationship between diverticulosis and colorectal neoplasia.

Association between colonic diverticulosis and prevalence of colorectal polyps

. 2014 Aug;29(8):947-51.

doi: 10.1007/s00384-014-1908-9.

Epub 2014 May 28.

Adnan Muhammad 
¹
, Oleana Lamendola, Adel Daas, Ambuj Kumar, Gitanjali Vidyarthi

Affiliations

Affiliation

• ¹ Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA, [email protected].

• PMID:

  24866344

• DOI:

  10.1007/s00384-014-1908-9

Adnan Muhammad et al.

Int J Colorectal Dis.

2014 Aug.

. 2014 Aug;29(8):947-51.

doi: 10.1007/s00384-014-1908-9.

Epub 2014 May 28.

Authors

Adnan Muhammad 
¹
, Oleana Lamendola, Adel Daas, Ambuj Kumar, Gitanjali Vidyarthi

Affiliation

• ¹ Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA, [email protected].

• PMID:

  24866344

• DOI:

  10.1007/s00384-014-1908-9

Abstract

Introduction:

Diverticulosis and colorectal polyps increase in frequency as the population ages. Proposed common mechanisms for both include lack of dietary fiber, increased saturated fats, and slow colonic transit time. The association of diverticulosis and colorectal polyps has been previously reported with conflicting results. Despite sharing common epidemiologic predisposing factors, the association between diverticulosis and colon polyps remains unclear and needs better clarification.

Aim:

The primary aim of our study is to evaluate if there is any association between diverticular disease and colorectal polyps.

Materials and methods:

This is a retrospective cohort study. All consecutive patients who underwent colonoscopy between January 2009 and December 2011 were included, except those with history of inflammatory bowel disease, polyposis syndrome, and poor bowel preparation. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the association between colon polyps and diverticulosis. Hyperplastic polyps were excluded from the statistical analysis, and only pre-cancerous adenomas were included.

Results:

A total of 2,223 patients met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of colorectal polyps in patients with diverticulosis was significantly higher than those without diverticulosis (odds ratio (OR) 1.54; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.27-1.80, p = 0.001). This association was found significant for all locations of polyps and all histological subtypes. There was also a statistically significant association between age, presence of diverticulosis, and colorectal polyps (OR 1.03; 95 % CI 1.02-1.04). The incidence of colorectal polyps increases as age advances in patients with diverticulosis, with the highest association in patients >70 years of age (OR 3.55; 95 % CI 2.50-5.04). There was no significant association between indication for colonoscopy and presence of colorectal polyps in patients with diverticulosis (OR 0. 98; 95 % CI 0.95-1.01). The incidence of diverticulitis was low (<1 %), and there was no association between diverticulitis and colon polyps.

Conclusion:

There is a significant association between diverticulosis and synchronous pre-cancerous colorectal polyps (adenomas). Patients with diverticulosis have a higher risk of colorectal polyps as compared to those without. This observation needs further validation by a large prospective cohort study.

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MeSH terms

Bowel polyps | NHS inform

Bowel polyps are small growths on the inner lining of the colon (large bowel) or rectum. They are common, affecting 15% to 20% of the UK population, and don’t usually cause symptoms.

Polyps are usually less than 1cm in size, although they can grow up to several centimetres. There are various forms:

• some are a tiny raised area or bulge, known as a sessile polyp
• some look like a grape on a stalk, known as a pedunculated polyp
• some take the form of many tiny bumps clustered together

Bowel polyps are not usually cancerous, although if they’re discovered they’ll need to be removed, as some will eventually turn into cancer if left untreated.

Some people just develop one polyp, while others may have a few. They tend to occur in people over the age of 60.

How are they caused?

Bowel polyps are caused by an abnormal production of cells. The lining of the bowel constantly renews itself, and a faulty gene can cause the cells in the bowel lining to grow more quickly.

There may be a family tendency towards developing bowel polyps or bowel cancer.

What are the symptoms?

Most people with polyps won’t be aware of them as they produce no symptoms and are often discovered by accident.

However, some larger polyps can cause:

• a small amount of rectal bleeding (blood in your stool)
• mucus to be produced when you open your bowels
• diarrhoea or constipation
• abdominal pain

How are they discovered?

Bowel polyps are usually found as a result of a bowel investigation for another reason, such as a sigmoidoscopy (examination of the last part of the bowel) or during screening for bowel cancer.

If polyps are found, a colonoscopy or CT colonography is needed to view the whole of the large bowel and remove any polyps.

How are they treated?

There are several methods for treating polyps, but the most common procedure involves snaring the polyp during a colonoscopy. Snaring is like cutting the polyp off with cheese wire and is painless.

Both of the above methods involve passing a flexible instrument called a colonoscope through your bottom and up into your bowel. The colonoscope has a wire with an electric current to either cauterise (burn off) or snare the polyp.

In rare cases, polyps may need to be treated by surgically removing part of the bowel. This is usually only done when the polyp has some cell changes or is particularly large.

After the polyp or polyps have been removed, they are sent to specialists in a laboratory, who will inform your consultant if:

• the polyp has been completely removed
• there is any risk of it regrowing
• there is any cancerous change in the polyp

If there is a cancerous change in the polyp, you may need further treatment (depending on the degree and extent of change). Your specialist will be able to advise you on this.

Outlook

Some people will need further colonoscopies because polyps can recur. Polyps can sometimes run in families. This is uncommon, but means you’ll need colonoscopy checks at regular intervals.

You might be asked to have repeat examinations at intervals of around 3 to 5 years to catch any further polyps that may develop and potentially turn into bowel cancer.

symptoms, causes, how to treat, diet after removal, why colon polyps are dangerous

Polina Kalmykova

cured my grandmother

Author profile

A few years ago my grandmother began to feel heaviness in her stomach and suffer from constipation.

To understand the reason, the proctologist ordered her a colonoscopy, during which she found polyps. In this article I will talk about why polyps are dangerous, how to look for them and why to remove them. And also about how much money we spent on it.

See a doctor

Our articles are written with love for evidence-based medicine. We refer to authoritative sources and go to doctors with a good reputation for comments. But remember: the responsibility for your health lies with you and your doctor. We don’t write prescriptions, we give recommendations. Relying on our point of view or not is up to you.

What are polyps and why should they be removed? Abnormal growths appear on it – polyps.

Polyps can appear in the nose and paranasal sinuses, in the stomach, urinary and gall bladders, in the uterine cavity, in the large and small intestines. In this article, I will talk specifically about colon polyps.

Colon polyps – MSD

Colon polyps themselves may not cause any problems, and often the person does not suspect that he has grown them. But the danger is that they can degenerate into colorectal cancer. The degree of risk of getting cancer depends on several factors: the type of polyp, its size and quantity in the intestine.

Colon polyps are mainly found in the rectum and sigmoid colon, the two parts closest to the anus

Types of polyps in the intestine

Scientists classify polyps by the presence or absence of “legs” at the point of attachment to the organ, cellular structure and causes of appearance.

Introduction to Colon Polyps for Patients – Uptodate

Colon Polyps Overview – Uptodate

adenomatous polyps are benign tumors that can become malignant, so doctors recommend removing them as early as 5 mm.

Hyperplastic polyps are non-dangerous formations, most often at the end of the colon.

Inflammatory polyps and pseudopolyps occur at the site of inflammation or injury of the colonic mucosa. For example, due to chronic inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn’s disease. They do not undergo malignant transformation, but may be associated with negative changes in the cells around them due to prolonged inflammation.

Dimensions. If polyps are 2-3 cm or larger in diameter, they can cause intestinal obstruction and pain, then they will need to be removed, regardless of type. Smaller diameter polyps are simply observed. Proctologists recommend removing adenomatous polyps already at a size of 5 mm. But often, doctors completely cut off small polyps during a colonoscopy – this minimizes the risk that the patient will develop cancer even from a small polyp.

Quantity. If there are dozens or hundreds of polyps, the doctor diagnoses intestinal polyposis. Usually, polyposis occurs due to hereditary diseases such as familial adenomatous polyposis, juvenile polyposis syndrome, or Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Patients with these diagnoses have an increased risk of developing cancer.

Colorectal Cancer Risk Factors – Uptodate

Treatment of polyposis caused by hereditary diseases often goes beyond removal of polyps. In some patients, part of the intestine is removed so that precancerous polyps stop appearing.

Intestinal Polyposis Treatment – Medscape

Source: Uptodate Source: Uptodate

Causes of Intestinal Polyps

Intestinal polyps are more common in men than in women. Also, they almost always appear after 40-50 years, in people under 40 years of age, growths are rare. Risk factors are not fully understood, but most likely to affect the development of the disease are:

• diet high in fat or red meat;
• low fiber diet;
• smoking;
• obesity.

In addition, there is a genetic predisposition to polyps and colon cancer.

Symptoms of polyps and how to detect them

Polyps in the colon usually do not cause any symptoms. Their presence can be suspected with the help of an occult blood test in the feces or by palpation of the rectum by a proctologist, and it can be confirmed only during a colonoscopy. I will talk about how a colonoscopy works below.

These examinations are rarely ordered without complaints from the patient. In order to detect adenomatous polyps in time and prevent colorectal cancer, doctors recommend taking tests and doing research for preventive purposes. It is recommended to take a stool test for occult blood at least once every three years for everyone over 45 years old, a colonoscopy – from the same age once every ten years. In Russia, an occult blood test is included in the medical examination program for men and women.

Colorectal Cancer Screenings – American Cancer Society PDF, 1. 71 MB

Worry earlier if relatives have polyposis or colorectal cancer. Then the doctors will select the research program individually. Even if you are only 20, but one of your parents was diagnosed with such diseases, consult a proctologist for advice.

During a colonoscopy, it is not always possible to determine whether a polyp is adenomatous or not by the appearance of a polyp. If the doctor suspects that the polyp is prone to degenerate into a cancerous tumor, a fragment is plucked from it and sent for histological examination – an analysis that helps to determine what cells the polyp consists of and whether there are cancerous ones among them.

/cancer-screening/

How to detect early cancer

How a colonoscopy works

My grandmother had her first colonoscopy in 2016 when she was 68 years old. Before that, she had no problems with her intestines, there were no suspicions of bad heredity either. None of the relatives had either colorectal cancer or discovered polyps.

Grandmother was worried about heaviness in the lower abdomen and constipation. With these complaints, she turned to a proctologist at a polyclinic at her place of residence. The doctor suspected hemorrhoids and ordered a colonoscopy, which was supposed to clarify the causes of discomfort. Yes, and just by age, it was already worth doing it for a long time.

Colonoscopy is a test that allows the doctor to see with his own eyes what is inside the patient’s intestines. For this, a special probe with a video camera is used – a colonoscope, which the doctor inserts into the intestine through the anus.

What is a colonoscopy – NHS

The image from the camera is displayed on the screen. This allows the doctor to see in detail what is happening in the patient’s intestines. You need to prepare for a colonoscopy. The proctologist gave my grandmother a memo: three days before the study, it was necessary to give up flour, cereals, vegetables and fruits, and the day before it was possible to drink only clear liquids. You need to prepare for a colonoscopy. The proctologist gave my grandmother a memo: three days before the study, it was necessary to give up flour, cereals, vegetables and fruits, and the day before it was possible to drink only clear liquids

Colonoscopy lasts 15-20 minutes. It is not difficult for some patients to tolerate the probe inside themselves during this time, but others feel severe pain. In such cases, a colonoscopy with anesthesia can be done.

Local anesthesia is not used during colonoscopy. Instead, sedation is used. The state of a person during sedation is similar to sleep: he is very relaxed and does not notice discomfort. Unlike general anesthesia, during sedation, the body retains vital reflexes, while during general anesthesia, the patient is helped to breathe by special devices.

Types of anesthesia – Drugs

Sedation – Medscape

Only an anesthesiologist can put the patient into sedation, and the room where the procedure is performed must be equipped with a ventilator, because during sedation, the oxygen content in blood pressure will drop, cardiac arrhythmia will appear. In severe cases, breathing may stop.

To minimize the risks, before the procedure, doctors ask patients to do a cardiogram, take a general and biochemical blood test, and consult a therapist. If the heart, liver or kidneys are out of order, sedation may be denied.

Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 919n “On approval of the procedure for providing medical care to the adult population in the field of “anesthesiology and resuscitation””

Side effects of sedation – Uptodate

Colonoscopy in adults – Uptodate

90 002 There are practically no contraindications for colonoscopy itself. Only intestinal obstruction, penetrating damage to the intestinal walls or acute diverticulitis can interfere – protrusion of the intestinal walls, which threatens to bleed.

The proctologist at the polyclinic gave my grandmother a referral to the district hospital, where a colonoscopy was done according to the MHI. But it was not possible to conduct a study. From the pain during the introduction of the endoscope, the grandmother lost consciousness. The doctors shrugged their shoulders: they say, we can do it for free only without anesthesia. Then we decided to provide the grandmother with the most comfortable conditions and go to a private clinic instead of a state hospital.

Before the colonoscopy with sedation, my grandmother underwent examinations in the same private clinic: she consulted a proctologist again, did an ECG, had a blood test, and received approval from the therapist. We paid for everything 14 090 R: 7770 R for colonoscopy with sedation and 6320 R for examinations.

14,090 Р

cost of colonoscopy with sedation in a private clinic

During the colonoscopy, the doctor discovered one small polyp – 3 mm in diameter. To conduct a histological examination, the doctor plucked it from the colon entirely. The analysis showed that the polyp was adenomatous, so the grandmother was assigned to monitor the body in time to notice other polyps that are prone to degenerate into cancer if they reappear. Repeat colonoscopy was necessary in three to five years. Histological examination was not included in the price of colonoscopy and cost 2600 R.

Four years later, during a repeat colonoscopy, the doctor found two polyps 6 mm in diameter. For a histological examination, the doctor pinched off a small fragment from them, but the polyps themselves remained in place.

The result of my grandmother’s last histological examination of polyps. They turned out to be adenomatous

Since the polyps turned out to be adenomatous and larger than 5 mm in size, the doctors advised them to be removed. To remove polyps in a private clinic, it was necessary to pay again for a colonoscopy, sedation, and the removal itself. According to the price list of the clinic, it was 20,000 R for everything. But the receptionist said that the procedure would cost more — 50,000 rubles. Grandma’s case will require observation in the hospital, and without this, the doctor may not agree to perform the operation.

Then we decided to apply to the State Research Center of Coloproctology – GNCC to operate on my grandmother for free. The GNCC doctors agreed to perform the operation under sedation, but for this, the grandmother had to undergo an examination, and then go to the hospital for a week.

/ibs/

What is irritable bowel syndrome and how to treat it

What tests are needed before removing polyps

To remove polyps in the GNCC hospital, my grandmother was prescribed additional examinations and a consultation with a therapist. The examinations that we did in a private clinic were no longer suitable, more recent results were needed.

ECG and GP consultation. These examinations could be done at the polyclinic at the place of residence and simply bring the results to the center. Grandma did an ECG in the clinic, but forgot about the therapist. In order not to lose my place in the hospital, I had to urgently make an appointment with a therapist at the State Scientific and Clinical Center for 1000 RUR.

Colonoscopy and gastroscopy. The results of the colonoscopy from the private clinic of the SNCC doctors were not satisfied. To give grandmother a referral for hospitalization, they had to look at the state of her intestines on their own devices. In addition, the doctor wanted to see the condition of my grandmother’s esophagus and stomach: polyps could appear there as well.

At the State Scientific and Clinical Center, we were told that only patients with Moscow medical policies can do a colonoscopy under sedation in this hospital.

Program of state guarantees of free medical care for citizens for 2021

Grandmother received a policy in the Moscow region, so she had to pay out of pocket for colonoscopy and gastroscopy – 19,000 R for procedures with sedation. Both of these studies were done to my grandmother at the same time. This required a separate hospitalization for three days.

After all the procedures, I called the insurance company and found out that a colonoscopy with sedation could be done at the center for free. It was only necessary to take a referral to the district clinic, in which the doctor would indicate the patient’s indications for colonoscopy with sedation.

Blood and urine tests. It was necessary to pass a general and biochemical blood tests, a coagulogram, tests for syphilis, hepatitis B and C, a general urine test. All these studies could be done free of charge at the polyclinic at the place of residence.

/analyz/

You have the right to free tests according to compulsory health insurance

But the analysis for blood type and Rh factor had to be submitted to the State Scientific Center for Comorbidity. Physicians must be confident in the laboratory so as not to endanger the patient. We paid 800 RUR for these tests. Only patients with Moscow policies do them for free.

Covid tests Two days before hospitalization, the grandmother had to do a PCR test at the State Scientific Center for Clinical Surgery, and on the day of hospitalization, she had to undergo a CT scan at the State Scientific Center for Clinical Surgery. All this was done for free.

20,080 R

we paid for preliminary examinations before removing polyps

As a result, we paid 20,080 R for all examinations before removing polyps with sedation.

How polyps are removed in the intestines

The procedure for removing polyps is called a polypectomy. For the patient, it looks the same as a colonoscopy: the doctor launches a probe into the intestine, but with additional equipment – special forceps or a loop to cut off the polyp.

Polypectomy – Drugs

If the polyp is 1-2 cm in diameter or it spreads along the surface of the intestine, and does not rise above it on a “leg”, doctors perform electrocoagulation – “solder” the cut site. This is done with a special tool, which is supplied with current.

Removal of a polyp on a pedicle: the loop wraps around the pedicle, tightens and cuts off the polyp from the base the thickness of the intestinal walls will not recover. This usually happens if the growth was large, but the final decision is made by the doctor.

We did not pay anything for the removal and anesthesia during this procedure: in a state hospital, a polypectomy under sedation was performed according to compulsory health insurance.

Diet after removal of polyps in the intestines

Grandmother spent a week in the hospital. Because of her other health problems, the doctors wanted to make sure that her recovery from the procedure would go smoothly. She was forbidden to immediately return to her usual diet.

For 14 days after the operation, only broth, eggs, meat, cheese, cottage cheese, cheese, butter, tea and rosehip broth could be eaten. From the 14th day, it was allowed to add semolina and oatmeal porridge on the water, liquid mashed potatoes and soups with pasta. From the 20th day – the usual food.

How much does it cost to remove polyps

We spent 20,800 rubles for treatment at the state center. It happened because my grandmother was treated in the wrong region in which she received a medical policy, and we didn’t think to call the insurance company in time and clarify the details.

Treatment in a private clinic would cost 51,760 R, while in a state center we spent 20,800 R

in time

Private clinic in hometown

Inpatient stay

30,000 R

Removal of polyps

12,520 R

Colonoscopy

4730 R

Sedation

3040 R

Consultation with a proctologist

1470 R

Preliminary examinations

have already been sedated in the clinic after colonoscopy

State Research Center of Coloproctology

Preliminary examinations

20,800 R, but could do it for free if they called the insurance company in time

Stay in a hospital

Free

Polyp removal

Free

Colonoscopy

Free

Sedation

Free

Proctologist consultation

Free

Remember

1. Polyps are rarely a problem, but they can be dangerous: adenomatous polyps develop in colorectal cancer.
2. In order to notice polyps in time, after 45 years, you need to take a fecal occult blood test at least once every three years and do a colonoscopy once every ten years.
3. For those who find it difficult to endure a colonoscopy, doctors suggest performing the procedure under sedation: with the help of special preparations, the anesthesiologist will put the patient to sleep, so the examination will take place without discomfort.
4. Depending on the size and number of polyps, they may be removed during a colonoscopy or a polypectomy may be scheduled.
5. Colonoscopy and polypectomy can be done free of charge, even if you need pain relief. To do this, you need to get a referral for a procedure at a district clinic.

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• Treatment of esophageal diverticulum in Israel: prices, reviews, Assuta

A diverticulum is a “pocket” that forms in the esophagus due to the weakening of its wall. This “pocket” accumulates food and liquid, which can cause bad breath, belching, and difficulty swallowing. Treatment of esophageal diverticulum in Israel is carried out with minimally invasive surgery . Such surgical interventions are well tolerated by patients and do not leave marks on the body.

Diverticula most often form in the beginning or end of the esophagus. Sometimes they reach quite large sizes and can hold up to 1.5 liters of liquid content. With large diverticula, the patient has asymmetry of the neck. Sometimes a person may spit up the contents of a diverticulum while sleeping, leaving traces of food and water on the pillow.

A person with a diverticulum of the esophagus feels difficulty or pain when swallowing (so-called dysphagia), he may experience belching of food, putrid breath. The patient may develop a dry cough, sensation of a lump and a scratchy throat.

The causes of diverticula can be congenital weakness of the esophageal wall, as well as some diseases: GERD, mediastinitis, etc. Sometimes the cause is trauma to the esophagus.

In addition to the fact that the diverticulum of the esophagus often causes some discomfort to the patient, it can cause dangerous complications . A patient with a diverticulum may develop chronic bronchitis or pneumonia, lung abscess. With diverticula, erosion of the esophageal mucosa often develops, bleeding occurs, and esophageal polyps form, which can lead to esophageal cancer.

Symptoms of esophageal diverticula can sometimes coincide with manifestations of other diseases. If esophageal diverticulum is suspected, it is important to rule out esophageal cancer, which can also have similar symptoms. To make the correct diagnosis and determine the optimal treatment tactics, it is necessary to be examined by an experienced specialist.

Clinic Assuta offers diagnostics of esophageal diverticulum using the latest methods . Diagnosed and treated by one of Israel’s leading surgeons specializing in operations of the gastrointestinal tract, Dr. Ron Greenberg (Ron Grinberg).

In this article

• Surveys
• Doctors
• Methods of treatment
• Reviews
• Cost
• Make an appointment
• FAQ

EXAMINATION FOR ESOPHAGUS DIVERTICULUM

HOW THE DIAGNOSIS IS GOING ON IN ASSUTA

The price of a standard diagnostic program in Israel is from $1656 .

Diagnosis takes 3-4 days . Treatment can begin the next day after an accurate diagnosis. Assuta is a private clinic, it has the latest generation equipment, there are no interns or interns, only professors and doctors with over 15 years of experience.

When diagnosing esophageal diverticulum in Israel, the following methods are used:

1. X-ray of the esophagus with barium from $213. Before the procedure, the patient drinks a glass of white liquid containing barium. After that, the esophagus is examined with an x-ray. This examination allows the gastroenterologist to see the esophageal diverticula.
2. CT from $673 or MRI from $1463. These methods are often also helpful in diagnosing esophageal diverticula, which appear on x-ray as fluid-filled cavities.

Day 1 – Initial inspection

10:30
Meeting with the clinic coordinator, accommodation in a hotel or apartment

13:00
Consultation with a diagnostician, initial physical examination and history taking in Hebrew

15:00
Revision of glasses and examination disks. performed at the patient’s place of residence (if any)

Day 2 – Diagnosis

08:30
General and biochemical blood tests, urinalysis

09:00
Endoscopic examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract

11:00
X-ray of the esophagus with barium

13:00
CT or MRI (assigned on the basis of examinations already completed, at the discretion of the doctor)

Day 3 – Treatment Plan

10:00 am
Meeting with a leading specialist in the treatment of pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, Dr. Ron Greenberg, examination and final diagnosis

11:30
Drawing up an individual treatment protocol

15:00
Compiling a patient statement. Translation of all medical documents into Russian

Find out the exact cost of treatment at Assuta

Professor Ran Oren

Head of the Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

TREATMENT METHODS OF ESOPHAGUS DIVERTICULUM IN ISRAEL

Conservative therapy

Conservative therapy in the treatment of esophageal diverticulum involves a change in lifestyle and, in particular, nutrition. The patient is advised to eat often, in small portions and not to eat at night.

In addition, your doctor may recommend certain medications to relieve symptoms. If they are necessary, the doctor writes the regimen for each patient individually. If necessary, the patient is consulted by a nutritionist.

Surgical treatment

• Minimally invasive operation. In Assuta, surgery for esophageal diverticulum is performed in a minimally invasive way, without incisions – through a puncture in the neck or using a gastroscope[3].
• Gastroscopy from 109$7 This is a very thin, flexible tube that is inserted into the esophagus through the mouth. Through the gastroscope, special endoscopic surgical instruments and a tiny video camera are brought to the diverticulum. Sometimes a laser is used for such operations with small sizes of the diverticulum. During the operation, the diverticulum is sutured from the inside. After the operation, there are no scars on the patient’s body.

How to get treatment in Israel?

You can ask any questions about treatment at the Assuta clinic using the application on the website or by phone. +7495-7899230 (your call will be forwarded free of charge to the international department of the clinic, in Israel). Our consultant doctor will call you back within 1-2 hours. The consultation is completely free. Privacy is guaranteed.

Find out the individual cost of procedures

Assuta clinic patients reviews