What is male ejaculation. How does it occur. What are the benefits of ejaculation. Can ejaculation frequency affect prostate health. How does age impact ejaculation. What are some common ejaculation problems. How does precum differ from semen.

The Physiology of Male Ejaculation

Male ejaculation is a complex physiological process that involves the release of semen from the penis, typically during sexual climax. This process is intricately linked to the male reproductive system and involves several key components working in harmony.

The Two Phases of Ejaculation

Ejaculation occurs in two distinct phases: emission and expulsion.

• Emission: This initial phase involves the closure of the bladder neck and the release of seminal fluids into the urethra.
• Expulsion: During this phase, muscular contractions propel the semen out of the penis.

The autonomic nervous system plays a crucial role in triggering these phases, coordinating the various organs and muscles involved in the process.

Key Anatomical Structures in Ejaculation

Several anatomical structures contribute to the ejaculation process:

• Vas deferens: Tubes that transport sperm from the testes
• Seminal vesicles: Glands that produce fluids for semen
• Prostate: A gland that secretes protective fluids for sperm
• Urethra: The tube through which both urine and semen exit the body
• Bladder: The organ that stores urine

Understanding these structures helps to appreciate the intricate nature of male ejaculation.

Precum: The Precursor to Ejaculation

Precum, also known as pre-ejaculate, is a clear fluid released during sexual arousal, prior to ejaculation. This fluid serves several important functions in the male reproductive system.

Functions of Precum

• Lubrication of the penis
• Neutralization of urethral acidity
• Facilitation of sperm movement

Produced by the Cowper’s glands, precum is distinct from semen but may contain trace amounts of sperm in some cases.

Pregnancy Risk and Precum

Is pregnancy possible from precum alone? While precum itself does not contain sperm, it can potentially pick up residual sperm from a previous ejaculation. This means there is a slight risk of pregnancy even without full ejaculation, highlighting the importance of consistent contraceptive use.

Nocturnal Emissions: Involuntary Ejaculation During Sleep

Nocturnal emissions, commonly known as “wet dreams,” are involuntary ejaculations that occur during sleep. These events are a normal part of male sexual development and can occur at any age, though they are most common during puberty and early adulthood.

Characteristics of Nocturnal Emissions

• Occur without conscious control
• Often accompanied by erotic dreams
• Frequency tends to decrease with age
• Not indicative of any health issues

Nocturnal emissions are a natural physiological process and do not require treatment or prevention.

Ejaculation Frequency: Factors and Variations

The frequency of ejaculation varies widely among individuals and can be influenced by numerous factors. Understanding these variations can provide insights into sexual health and overall well-being.

Age-Related Changes in Ejaculation Frequency

Research indicates that ejaculation frequency tends to decrease with age. A study found that 57% of men aged 20-29 reported an average of 13 ejaculations per month, while only 32% of men aged 40-49 maintained this frequency.

Factors Influencing Ejaculation Frequency

• Age
• Relationship status
• Sexual activity level
• Hormone levels
• Overall health
• Lifestyle factors

It’s important to note that there is no “normal” frequency of ejaculation, as it varies greatly among individuals.

Health Benefits of Regular Ejaculation

Regular ejaculation has been associated with various health benefits, extending beyond reproductive function and sexual pleasure. Research suggests that frequent ejaculation may contribute to overall male health in several ways.

Prostate Health and Ejaculation Frequency

A significant long-term study involving over 31,000 men over 18 years found a correlation between ejaculation frequency and reduced risk of prostate cancer. Men who ejaculated more frequently showed a lower incidence of prostate cancer, suggesting a potential protective effect.

Other Potential Benefits of Regular Ejaculation

• Stress relief
• Improved sleep quality
• Enhanced immune function
• Better cardiovascular health
• Increased intimacy in relationships

While these benefits are promising, it’s important to maintain a balanced perspective on sexual health within the context of overall well-being.

Common Ejaculation Problems and Concerns

While ejaculation is a natural process, some men may experience issues that affect their sexual health and quality of life. Understanding these problems can help in seeking appropriate medical advice and treatment.

Premature Ejaculation

Premature ejaculation occurs when a man ejaculates sooner than desired during sexual activity. This common issue can lead to sexual dissatisfaction and relationship stress.

Delayed Ejaculation

Delayed ejaculation is characterized by difficulty or inability to reach orgasm and ejaculate, despite adequate sexual stimulation. This can be frustrating for both partners and may have various underlying causes.

Retrograde Ejaculation

In retrograde ejaculation, semen enters the bladder instead of exiting through the penis during orgasm. This condition can affect fertility but is generally not harmful to overall health.

Anejaculation

Anejaculation is the inability to ejaculate at all, even though other aspects of sexual function may be normal. This condition can have physical or psychological causes and may require medical intervention.

Ejaculation and Sexual Health: Maintaining Balance

Maintaining a healthy approach to ejaculation involves understanding its role in overall sexual and reproductive health. While ejaculation is a natural and often beneficial process, it’s important to consider it within the broader context of sexual well-being.

Balancing Ejaculation Frequency

Finding a balance in ejaculation frequency that works for an individual’s lifestyle and relationships is key. There’s no one-size-fits-all approach, and what’s considered “normal” can vary widely.

Ejaculation and Fertility

For couples trying to conceive, understanding the relationship between ejaculation frequency and sperm quality is important. While frequent ejaculation may decrease sperm count in the short term, it can also help maintain sperm health and motility.

Psychological Aspects of Ejaculation

The psychological impact of ejaculation and orgasm should not be overlooked. These experiences can contribute to emotional well-being, stress relief, and intimacy in relationships.

In conclusion, male ejaculation is a complex physiological process with implications for sexual health, reproduction, and overall well-being. Understanding the mechanics of ejaculation, its variations, and potential issues can help men make informed decisions about their sexual health. Regular check-ups with healthcare providers and open communication with partners are essential for maintaining optimal sexual function and addressing any concerns that may arise.

What Is Male Ejaculation? How Does It Occur?

1. What is male ejaculation?
2. How does male ejaculation occur?
3. What is precum?
4. What is a nocturnal emission?
5. Frequency of ejaculation 
6. Benefits of ejaculation
7. Potential problems with ejaculation

If you have any medical questions or concerns, please talk to your healthcare provider. The articles on Health Guide are underpinned by peer-reviewed research and information drawn from medical societies and governmental agencies. However, they are not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Let’s get in our time machines and revisit a scene from the wildly popular 1998 film, There’s Something About Mary. If you haven’t seen it, in an unfortunate turn of events, Cameron Diaz’s character winds up accidentally using semen (the product of male ejaculation) as hair gel. Hilarity ensues. 

But what is male ejaculation? Read on to learn more.  

Some common names for ejaculation are cumming, jizzing, shooting your load, and many more you can find in the deep recesses of the internet. Ejaculation is closely tied to the male orgasm, and usually, the two occur together. However, men can ejaculate without having an orgasm and vice versa (Alwaal, 2015). During ejaculation, the penis releases semen (also known as ejaculate, cum, jizz, etc.), a sticky white liquid that contains sperm. 

Ejaculation is a complex process with two phases: emission and expulsion. It involves several different parts of the male reproductive system, including (Alwaal, 2015):

• Vas deferens: These are tubes that store and move sperm from the testes to the penis.
• Seminal vesicles: These are glands that make fluids that go into the semen.
• Prostate: This is the gland that secretes fluids that feed and protect sperm.
• Urethra: This is the tube inside the penis by which urine and semen exit the body.
• Bladder: This is the organ where your urine is stored until urination.

Emission is the brief phase that makes up the first part of ejaculation. This phase is triggered by the autonomic nervous system (think “fight-or-flight” response) via nerves going from the male reproductive system to the spinal cord (Alwaal, 2015). 

First, the bladder neck closes so that semen cannot travel backward into the bladder. Then the prostate and the seminal vesicles add their seminal fluids to the urethra. There they are joined by sperm that traveled from the testes through the vas deferens to create semen. Ejaculation is inevitable at this point (Alwaal, 2015). 

The next phase of ejaculation is expulsion; this is the phase where semen leaves the body. Muscles in the pelvis and penis contract several times and expel the semen through the urethra and out the penis. After ejaculation, the erection decreases, and you have a temporary period where you can’t have another erection, known as the refractory period (Alwaal, 2015).

Precum, also known as pre-ejaculate, is a fluid released when a man is sexually aroused but before he ejaculates. You may or may not notice a small amount of fluid at the tip of the penis. This fluid is typically clear and is different from semen. It is produced by special glands in the penis called Cowper’s glands (Kovavisarach, 2016). 

Precum acts to lubricate the penis and to help semen exit the body. The fluid also helps counteract the acidity of any residual urine in the urethra, thereby protecting the sperm in the semen. While precum by itself does not contain sperm, if you have ejaculated recently, there may still be residual sperm in the urethra. Or it can get mixed with a little bit of fluid from the prostate gland that contains low levels of sperm (Kovavisarach, 2016).

It is, therefore, possible for a woman to become pregnant from precum if you don’t use birth control. 

Nocturnal emissions (or “wet dreams”) are when you orgasm and ejaculate in your sleep. This is most common during puberty; they usually decrease as you age, though they can happen at any age. These “wet dreams” cannot be controlled and are a normal aspect of sexual health.

How often you ejaculate is a very personal statistic that is affected by many life factors. However, the frequency of ejaculation does go down with age. One study noted that 57% of men aged 20–29 reported an average frequency of 13 ejaculations per month. But that number dropped to 32% in those 40–49 (Rider, 2016).

Male ejaculations are a natural part of a healthy sex life. It also is an indicator of overall health. Ejaculation involves many body systems simultaneously, and all need to be working well for ejaculation to occur normally. But research shows that ejaculating is beneficial for more than just the obvious reasons (such as pleasure and reproduction).

A large study that looked at over 31,000 men for 18 years found that ejaculating can decrease your risk of prostate cancer. Researchers found that men who ejaculated more often had a lower risk of prostate cancer than those who ejaculated less often (Rider, 2016).

Satisfying sex depends on a complex interplay of many factors; sometimes, something goes wrong, and the result is not what we expected or wanted.

Premature ejaculation is ejaculating more quickly during sex than you or your partner intended. This condition affects about a third of men and is the most common male sexual dysfunction. PE is thought to be caused by a combination of psychological and biological factors, and it’s usually treated with a combination of behavioral and medical therapies (Crowdis, 2021).

Delayed ejaculation that takes longer than you (or your partner) would like is among the least understood and least common male sexual dysfunction, affecting 1–5% of men. Some men may need more than 20–25 minutes of stimulation to reach orgasm and ejaculate. Difficulty achieving ejaculation can sometimes result from depression, anxiety, alcohol use, medication use, or diabetes; addressing these issues may improve ejaculation (Abdel-Hamid, 2018). 

Sometimes referred to as a “dry orgasm,” retrograde ejaculation happens when the semen travels backward into the bladder rather than out of the penis. Those with this condition are still able to orgasm but without the accompanying ejaculation. In retrograde ejaculation, you might notice that your urine looks cloudy because of the semen mixed in, especially if you urinate right after sex. Common causes include prostate surgery, specifically transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), bladder surgery, and diabetes (Althof, 2016). 

The inability to ejaculate is rare but can be caused by multiple sclerosis, diabetes, and spinal cord injury due to surgery, trauma, etc. (Althof, 2016).

Pain with ejaculation is not typical. It can be a sign of prostate disease like inflammation (prostatitis), enlargement (benign prostatic hyperplasia), or prostate cancer (Althof, 2016).

Blood in the semen (also called hematospermia) can certainly be alarming but is usually nothing to worry about. Especially in those younger than 40, it does not usually signify a serious problem and often resolves on its own. However, if you are over 40 and have multiple episodes of reddish or brownish semen, there may be a problem, including inflammation, infection, prostate cancer, trauma, etc. (Mathers, 2017)

Talk with your healthcare provider if you have blood in your semen, especially if you are over 40 or if you have any associated symptoms like pain with ejaculation or urination, pain in your groin or lower back, discharge from your penis, or if you are just concerned and would like to be evaluated. 

Ejaculation is the peak of sexual intercourse and is vital to fertility. It is an important part of sexual health, and when it is dysfunctional, discussions with your healthcare provider can go a long way to helping you regain satisfaction with your sex life.

1. Abdel-Hamid, I. A., & Ali, O. I. (2018). Delayed ejaculation: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. The World Journal of Men’s Health, 36(1), 22–40. doi: 10.5534/wjmh.17051. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29299903
2. Althof, S. E., & Mcmahon, C. G. (2016). Contemporary management of disorders of male orgasm and ejaculation. Urology, 93, 9–21. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2016.02.018. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26921646/
3. Alwaal, A., Breyer, B. N., & Lue, T. F. (2015). Normal male sexual function: emphasis on orgasm and ejaculation. Fertility and Sterility, 104(5), 1051–1060. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.08.033. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26385403/
4. Crowdis, M. & Nazir, S. (2021). Premature ejaculation. [Updated Jul 1, 2021]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Retrieved on Oct. 1, 2021 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK546701/
5. Kovavisarach, E., Lorthanawanich, S., & Muangsamran, P. (2016). Presence of sperm in pre-ejaculatory fluid of healthy males. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, 99 Suppl 2, S38–S41. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27266214/
6. Mathers, M. J., Degener, S., Sperling, H., & Roth, S. (2017). Hematospermia—a symptom with many possible causes. Deutsches Aerzteblatt Online, 114(11), 186–191. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2017.0186. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28382905/
7. Rider, J. R., Wilson, K. M., Sinnott, J. A., Kelly, R. S., Mucci, L. A., & Giovannucci, E. L. (2016). Ejaculation frequency and risk of prostate cancer: updated results with an additional decade of follow-up. European Urology, 70(6), 974–982. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2016.03.027. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27033442/

Dr. Mike is a licensed physician and the Director, Medical Content & Education at Ro.

Dribbler or spurter? 5 common questions about male (and female) ejaculation

Dribbler or spurter? 5 common questions about male (and female) ejaculation

John Doe2022-10-12T14:27:48+00:00

Male ejaculation is often discussed purely in terms of what can go wrong. A lot of trusted information focuses only on problems or difficulties and how they can be managed. Although tackling problems can be important in helping you have a happy and satisfying sex life, there’s a lot more to ejaculation than that! We talk about ejaculation quite a lot – here are the answers to some of the common questions we get asked.

Does male ejaculation only happen during orgasm?

Male ejaculation happens when a man shoots semen (also known as seminal fluid – it contains sperm and other nutrients to help sperm survive) from his penis. This is usually as an end result of the muscular contractions that happen during an orgasm. But it’s perfectly possible for men to have an orgasm without ejaculation, and you can ejaculate without having an orgasm too.

How much semen should I ejaculate?

You’ll usually ejaculate about 5ml of fluid (about a teaspoon full), although there may be more than this if you haven’t ejaculated for a while. Although this probably doesn’t seem a huge amount of fluid, the number of sperm contained in the average ejaculation is about 100 million! Is there a normal number of spurts? Men sometimes ask us how many ‘spurts’ the average ejaculation should be, but there’s no right answer to this question. Ejaculation is different for different men. Some men’s semen dribbles out, some men have one big gush, and other men spurt five times or more; all are totally normal. The amount of semen that you ejaculate will get less as you get older but this is nothing to worry about. If you’re comparing how you ejaculate compared to some male porn stars, be aware that some of these shots are faked using a small tube and something like liquid soap to make the amount of ejaculate look bigger. In real life, you can’t drown someone with your cum, and you don’t need clever camera angles to enjoy your ejaculation!

How quickly should I reach ejaculation?

This depends on all sorts of different factors, and again, there is no one right answer. If you’re worried about any aspect of your ejaculation, maybe you think you cum too quickly or it takes too long, then the Sexual Advice Association contains trusted information and advice about the four main ejaculation problems that can affect men – so if you think you have ejaculation problems, don’t keep them to yourself.

Can women really ejaculate?

Yes! Women can ejaculate too, although the process is completely different from male ejaculation and not all women will do so.

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