What are the most common symptoms of the Omicron variant. How do Omicron symptoms differ from previous Covid-19 variants. Why should the UK government update its official list of Covid-19 symptoms. What precautions should people take if experiencing cold-like symptoms.

Emerging Symptoms of the Omicron Variant

Recent data from the Covid Symptoms Study, conducted by Zoe and King’s College London, has shed light on the most prevalent symptoms associated with the Omicron variant of Covid-19. This information is crucial for public awareness and early detection of potential cases.

Top 5 Reported Omicron Symptoms

• Runny nose
• Headache
• Fatigue (mild or severe)
• Sneezing
• Sore throat

These findings suggest a shift in the symptomatic presentation of Covid-19 compared to earlier variants. The data was primarily collected from positive cases in London, where the Omicron variant has shown a higher prevalence compared to other regions in the UK.

Comparison with Previous Variants

The symptoms associated with Omicron appear to differ from those of previous variants, particularly the Alpha variant. The UK government’s current list of Covid-19 symptoms to watch for includes fever, cough, and loss of sense of smell or taste. However, these symptoms were more commonly associated with the Alpha variant.

To better understand the differences between Delta and Omicron variants, researchers compared data from two distinct periods:

1. A week when Delta was dominant (363 cases from October 3-10, 2021)
2. Recent data likely representing Omicron cases (847 cases from December 3-10, 2021)

Initial analysis revealed no clear differences between Delta and Omicron in the early symptoms (three days after testing). However, the overall symptom profile appears to have shifted towards more cold-like symptoms with Omicron.

The Need for Updated Symptom Guidelines

Tim Spector, lead scientist on the Zoe Covid Study app, has been advocating for an update to the official list of Covid-19 symptoms since the emergence of the Delta variant. He argues that the current government messaging lacks clarity and fails to reflect the evolving nature of the virus.

Why is updating the symptom list important?

1. It helps the public identify potential Covid-19 cases more accurately
2. It encourages appropriate precautionary measures
3. It aligns with international guidelines that have already been updated

Spector suggests adding “cold-like symptoms” to the official list and emphasizing the importance of self-isolation when experiencing these symptoms, especially in areas with high Omicron infection rates like London.

International Comparison of Covid-19 Symptom Guidelines

The UK’s reluctance to update its official symptom list puts it at odds with other countries and international health organizations. Several entities have already revised their guidelines to include cold-like symptoms as potential indicators of Covid-19 infection:

• US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
• World Health Organization (WHO)
• European countries such as Spain and France

This disparity in approach raises questions about the UK’s strategy for managing the pandemic and communicating effectively with the public.

The UK Government’s Stance on Symptom Guidelines

The Department of Health and Social Care for England has defended its decision to maintain the current list of main symptoms. Their rationale focuses on capturing those most likely to have Covid-19 while avoiding the inclusion of a large number of people who do not have the virus.

A spokesperson for the department stated, “Since the start of the pandemic we have acknowledged covid-19 has a much longer list of symptoms than the ones used in the case definition, and experts keep the list of symptoms under review.”

This stance, however, has been criticized by some experts who believe it may lead to missed cases and delayed containment efforts.

Implications for Public Health and Testing Strategies

The emergence of new dominant symptoms for the Omicron variant has significant implications for public health strategies and testing protocols. As the virus continues to evolve, it becomes increasingly important for health authorities to adapt their approach to symptom recognition and testing criteria.

Potential Consequences of Outdated Symptom Lists

• Delayed identification of Covid-19 cases
• Increased community transmission
• Confusion among the public regarding when to seek testing or self-isolate
• Reduced effectiveness of contact tracing efforts

How can updating symptom guidelines improve pandemic response?

1. Increased public awareness leading to earlier self-isolation
2. More targeted testing efforts
3. Improved data collection on the spread of new variants
4. Enhanced ability to implement timely public health measures

The Role of Fatigue in Covid-19 Symptomatology

Fatigue has emerged as one of the top symptoms reported in Omicron cases, highlighting its importance in the overall symptom profile of Covid-19. This symptom can range from mild to severe and may persist even after other symptoms have resolved.

Understanding Covid-19 Related Fatigue

What characterizes Covid-19 related fatigue?

• Persistent feelings of tiredness or exhaustion
• Difficulty concentrating or maintaining focus
• Reduced physical stamina
• Potential impact on daily activities and quality of life

The prominence of fatigue as a symptom underscores the need for a holistic approach to Covid-19 management, addressing not only the acute respiratory symptoms but also the broader impact on patients’ overall well-being.

Runny Nose: A Key Indicator of Omicron Infection

The emergence of a runny nose as one of the most common symptoms of Omicron infection represents a significant shift in the clinical presentation of Covid-19. This change has important implications for both individual health awareness and public health strategies.

Distinguishing Covid-19 from Common Colds

How can individuals differentiate between a common cold and potential Covid-19 infection?

1. Consider the prevalence of Covid-19 in your area
2. Pay attention to the combination of symptoms
3. Monitor symptom progression and severity
4. Seek testing if unsure or if symptoms persist

The similarity between Omicron symptoms and those of the common cold highlights the importance of continued vigilance and testing, even for seemingly mild respiratory symptoms.

Headache as a Prominent Omicron Symptom

Headache has been identified as one of the top symptoms reported in Omicron cases, marking a notable change from the symptom profile of earlier Covid-19 variants. This shift underscores the evolving nature of the virus and the need for ongoing research into its effects on the human body.

Characteristics of Covid-19 Related Headaches

What should individuals know about Covid-19 related headaches?

• May range from mild to severe in intensity
• Often described as a persistent, dull ache
• Can be accompanied by other neurological symptoms
• May persist longer than typical tension headaches

The prominence of headache as a symptom highlights the potential neurological impact of Covid-19 and the importance of considering a wide range of symptoms when assessing potential cases.

The Impact of Nasal Congestion on Sleep Quality in Covid-19 Patients

While not explicitly mentioned in the original text about Omicron symptoms, it’s worth noting that nasal congestion, often associated with a runny nose, can significantly impact sleep quality in individuals with respiratory infections, including Covid-19.

Sleep Disturbances and Allergic Rhinitis

Research has shown that nasal congestion can lead to poor sleep and daytime somnolence in individuals with allergic rhinitis. This finding may have relevance for Covid-19 patients experiencing similar nasal symptoms.

How does nasal congestion affect sleep?

• Difficulty breathing through the nose
• Increased mouth breathing, leading to dry mouth and throat
• Potential for sleep-disordered breathing or sleep apnea
• Frequent awakenings during the night

These sleep disturbances can contribute to daytime fatigue, potentially exacerbating the fatigue already associated with Covid-19 infection.

Implications for Long-Term Health and Recovery

As our understanding of Omicron and its symptoms continues to evolve, it’s crucial to consider the potential long-term health implications and recovery processes for those infected with this variant.

Monitoring for Long Covid Symptoms

While it’s still early to determine the full extent of long-term effects from Omicron infections, vigilance is necessary. Patients and healthcare providers should be aware of the possibility of lingering symptoms or the development of new health issues following acute infection.

What potential long-term effects should be monitored?

• Persistent fatigue or “brain fog”
• Respiratory issues
• Cardiovascular complications
• Neurological symptoms
• Mental health impacts

Continued research and long-term follow-up studies will be crucial in understanding the full spectrum of Omicron’s impact on human health.

The Role of Vaccination in Symptom Mitigation

While the original text doesn’t specifically address vaccination, it’s important to consider how vaccination status may influence the presentation and severity of Omicron symptoms.

Vaccine Effectiveness Against Omicron

Early studies suggest that while vaccines may be less effective at preventing Omicron infection compared to previous variants, they still play a crucial role in reducing severe illness, hospitalization, and death.

How might vaccination affect Omicron symptoms?

1. Potentially milder symptom presentation
2. Reduced risk of severe complications
3. Shorter duration of illness
4. Lower likelihood of requiring hospitalization

Continued vaccination efforts, including booster shots, remain a critical component of the global strategy to combat Covid-19 and its variants.

The Importance of Continued Research and Surveillance

The evolving nature of Covid-19 symptoms, as exemplified by the Omicron variant, underscores the critical need for ongoing research and surveillance efforts. These endeavors are essential for maintaining an up-to-date understanding of the virus and its impact on public health.

Key Areas for Future Investigation

What aspects of Omicron and future variants require further study?

• Transmission dynamics and infectivity
• Vaccine efficacy and potential need for adaptations
• Long-term health consequences
• Impact on specific populations (e.g., children, immunocompromised individuals)
• Effectiveness of various treatment protocols

Continued investment in research infrastructure and international collaboration will be crucial in staying ahead of the virus and developing effective strategies for its management and eventual containment.

Public Health Communication Strategies in the Face of Evolving Symptoms

The changing symptom profile of Covid-19 presents unique challenges for public health communication. Effective messaging is crucial to ensure that the public remains informed and vigilant without causing undue alarm or confusion.

Balancing Clarity and Adaptability in Public Messaging

How can health authorities improve their communication strategies?

1. Regular updates to official symptom lists based on the latest data
2. Clear explanations of why symptoms may change over time
3. Consistent messaging across different health agencies and government departments
4. Use of multiple communication channels to reach diverse populations
5. Addressing misinformation and conspiracy theories promptly

Effective public health communication plays a vital role in fostering trust, encouraging compliance with health measures, and ultimately controlling the spread of the virus.

The Global Impact of Omicron’s Symptom Profile

The emergence of Omicron with its distinct symptom profile has far-reaching implications beyond individual health concerns. It affects various aspects of global society, from healthcare systems to economic policies.

Broader Implications of Changing Covid-19 Symptoms

How does the evolving symptom profile impact different sectors?

• Healthcare: Adaptation of triage and treatment protocols
• Education: Revising health screening procedures in schools
• Workplace: Updating sick leave and remote work policies
• Travel and Tourism: Adjusting health screening at borders
• Public Spaces: Reconsidering mask mandates and social distancing measures

The global community must remain flexible and responsive to these changes to effectively manage the ongoing pandemic and its societal impacts.

Covid-19: Runny nose, headache, and fatigue are commonest symptoms of omicron, early data show

News

BMJ
2021;
375
doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n3103
(Published 16 December 2021)

Cite this as: BMJ 2021;375:n3103

Read our latest coverage of the coronavirus pandemic

1. Gareth Iacobucci

1. The BMJ

The UK government has been urged to update its list of symptoms for covid-19, after early data showed that cold-like symptoms were the most commonly reported by people with the new omicron variant.

Data released on 16 December by the Covid Symptoms Study,1 run by the health science company Zoe and King’s College London, show that the top five symptoms reported in the app for omicron infection were runny nose, headache, fatigue (either mild or severe), sneezing, and sore throat. This initial analysis was based on positive cases in London, which was selected because of its higher prevalence of omicron than in other parts of the UK.

The government still lists fever, cough, and loss of sense of smell or taste—which were the most common with the alpha variant—as the covid symptoms to watch out for.

Tim Spector, lead scientist on the Zoe Covid Study app, who has been calling for the list of symptoms to be updated since the emergence of the delta variant,2 said a change was overdue.

“The messaging from the government is just not clear on this,” he said. “I think most people know what cold-like symptoms are. I would probably just add [to the list]: ‘Have you got cold-like symptoms?’ We need to educate people, go back to the basics, and say that if you’ve got cold-like symptoms keep away from people. You shouldn’t be waiting for the three classic symptoms.”

To compare delta and omicron, London data were selected from a week where delta was dominant (a sample of 363 cases from 3-10 October 2021) and compared with the most recent data (847 cases from 3-10 December 2021). This initial analysis found no clear differences between delta and omicron in the early symptoms (three days after testing).

Spector said it was vital that members of the public were aware of the symptoms to look out for, particularly in areas such as London that have very high rates of omicron infection. “If you do have symptoms of a mild or bad cold, it’s highly likely that you’ve got covid if you’re in an area like London at the moment,” he said.

Spector said the UK was now an international exception in not listing cold-like symptoms as likely indicators of covid infection, noting that the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the World Health Organization, and European countries such as Spain and France had all updated their advice.

“The UK is the odd one out,” he said. “They should amend it if the majority are presenting that way.”

The Department of Health and Social Care for England said that the main symptoms listed had been carefully selected to capture the people most likely to have covid-19 while not including a large number of people who did not. A spokesperson said, “Since the start of the pandemic we have acknowledged covid-19 has a much longer list of symptoms than the ones used in the case definition, and experts keep the list of symptoms under review. ”

This article is made freely available for use in accordance with BMJ’s website terms and conditions for the duration of the covid-19 pandemic or until otherwise determined by BMJ. You may use, download and print the article for any lawful, non-commercial purpose (including text and data mining) provided that all copyright notices and trade marks are retained.

https://bmj.com/coronavirus/usage

References

1. ↵

   Omicron and cold-like symptoms rapidly taking over in London. Zoe Covid Study.16 Dec 2021. https://covid.joinzoe.com/post/omicron-and-cold-like-symptoms-rapidly-taking-over-in-london.

2. ↵
   1. Mahase E

   . Covid-19: GPs urge government to clear up confusion over symptoms. BMJ2021;373:n1654. doi:10.1136/bmj.n1654 pmid:34183357

Poor sleep and daytime somnolence in allergic rhinitis: significance of nasal congestion

Review

. 2002;1(3):195-200.

doi: 10. 1007/BF03256609.

Sujani Kakumanu 
¹
, Casey Glass, Timothy Craig

Affiliations

Affiliation

• ¹ Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA.

• PMID:

  14720057

• DOI:

  10.1007/BF03256609

Review

Sujani Kakumanu et al.

Am J Respir Med.

2002.

. 2002;1(3):195-200.

doi: 10.1007/BF03256609.

Authors

Sujani Kakumanu 
¹
, Casey Glass, Timothy Craig

Affiliation

• ¹ Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA.

• PMID:

  14720057

• DOI:

  10.1007/BF03256609

Abstract

Patients with allergic rhinitis frequently present with symptoms of nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, daytime somnolence and fatigue associated with decreased cognitive performance and impaired quality of life. Recent research has suggested that daytime somnolence in allergic rhinitis can be attributed to chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa leading to nasal congestion and obstructed nasal passageways resulting in disturbed sleep. Treating daytime somnolence due to allergic rhinitis requires a reduction in obstruction caused by nasal congestion. Currently available therapy for allergic rhinitis includes topical corticosteroids, sedating and nonsedating antihistamines, topical cromolyn sodium (sodium cromoglycate), decongestants, immunotherapy and topical ipratropium bromide. The effectiveness of antihistamines in patients with allergic rhinitis has long been established. However, results of placebo-controlled trials investigating the effects of azelastine on sleep and daytime somnolence have produced conflicting results. Sleep improved with azelastine therapy, but there was a lack of evidence that azelastine significantly affected daytime sleepiness, sleep severity and nasal congestion. Sedating antihistamines exacerbate daytime somnolence and should be avoided in patients with allergic rhinitis. In a separate study, desloratadine failed to benefit sleep, but did not worsen daytime somnolence. Topical nasal cromolyn sodium is inconvenient to use and is unlikely to have a major effect on nasal congestion. Decongestants do decrease nasal congestion but the effect this has on sleep has not been adequately studied. Recent research has shown that topical corticosteroids are an effective treatment for alleviating nasal congestion secondary to allergic rhinitis. However, few studies have assessed the effect of topical corticosteroids on daytime fatigue and sleep. In 20 patients with allergic rhinitis and symptoms of daytime sleepiness, flunisolide significantly improved sleep quality and congestion but daytime sleepiness was not significantly improved. A similar study with fluticasone propionate showed improvement in nasal congestion and sleep but there was no significant change in objective sleep measurements recorded on polysomnography. Further research involving objective measures of sleep quality is necessary to determine the efficacy of medications in the treatment of allergic rhinitis associated with fatigue and daytime somnolence.

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Fatigue syndrome or common SARS: what can be confused with “omicron”

The symptoms inherent in “omicron”, such as headache and chronic fatigue, may indicate other diseases, immunologists told Gazeta.Ru. In particular, the manifestations of a new strain of coronavirus are similar to influenza or rhinovirus, as well as chronic fatigue syndrome, which many patients suffer in the autumn-winter period.

The first patients infected with the new strain of omicron coronavirus complained of severe fatigue and headaches. Angelique Coetzee, a doctor from the Republic of South Africa, told The Telegraph about this. She was the first to report patients with a new variant of the virus.

According to the specialist, suspicions that the pathogen has mutated again arose due to the increased visits of patients with unusual manifestations of COVID-19. In particular, these were young people complaining of a strong feeling of fatigue and headaches, as well as a six-year-old child with a rapid pulse and a high temperature – while two days later he felt better.

It is noted that none of the patients experienced loss of taste or smell. “Their symptoms were very different from those that I had experienced before, and manifested in a mild form,” she noted.

In total, about two dozen Coetzee patients with symptoms of a new type of infection have tested positive for COVID-19.

“Information about the symptoms of” omicron “appeared for the first time from South Africa, in particular, doctor Coetzee gave an assessment of working with 20 patients. All were young without any serious illnesses and, naturally, they all got sick easily. Based on this, she concluded that the new strain only affects the young and those with symptoms of headache and fatigue. But this is not even a study, but a description of several cases, ”said Nikolai Kryuchkov, candidate of medical sciences, immunologist, in an interview with Gazeta.Ru.

The fact is that weakness and headache are typical symptoms of any type of SARS, they arise due to the production of inflammatory mediators, explained immunologist Maria Polner.

“COVID-19 can affect any organs and systems and lead to an exacerbation of chronic diseases. The new variant of the virus is no exception. Indeed, it is known that there are features of the clinical manifestations of different variants of the virus, but the severity of the course, as well as the consequences of the new version of Omicron, are still being studied, ”she said.

Kryuchkov agreed with her. According to him, any signs of an acute condition – a runny nose, sore throat, headaches, severe fatigue – may indicate both a coronavirus and another infection.

“Based on clinical signs, coronavirus is quite easy to confuse with other SARS. Although it may be SARS, which this season will be much more than last. Rhinovirus, influenza and adenovirus – all these symptoms will be, ”he added.

Headache and severe fatigue are also indicative of chronic fatigue syndrome, which many people suffer from when cold weather sets in, explained Irina Ivanova, general practitioner.

“In conditions of late autumn and early winter with extremely low levels of insolation, it will be very difficult to suspect infection with a new strain of coronavirus. For young, working and studying people at this time of the year, chronic fatigue syndrome is very typical. And they are trying to present this complaint to us as characteristic of a new mutation, ”the specialist emphasized.

It is already known that Omicron, like Delta, is highly contagious due to the fact that most of its mutations are in the spike protein (S-protein).

“In addition, there are big concerns that it can bypass both the antibodies formed as a result of vaccination and the antibodies that form after the illness. That is, it is quite possible to get coronavirus of different genetic variants twice in a row. Of course, a lot depends on the amount of ready-made antibodies at the time of infection, as well as on the number of viral units that have entered,” Polner said.

In this regard, the assertion that only young people aged 20-30 years are subject to the “omicron”, as South African scientists previously stated, is not tenable.

“In those countries where the population is older, the average age is higher, where there are many elderly, unlike South Africa, the new strain of coronavirus will behave, I think, like the “delta,” Kryuchkov said.

According to the immunologist, “omicron” appeared as a result of a spontaneous mutation of the coronavirus in a human body with an advanced form of immunodeficiency.

“There was a bit of a glitch, because in fact, in an immunodeficient untreated patient with HIV infection, this virus mutated for several months and grew to an “omicron”. Moreover, apparently, the patient was close to AIDS – he contracted the coronavirus, and maybe two strains at once. Therefore, this strain is unusual and very different from the delta. This conclusion can be drawn due to the fact that there are no intermediate links in the development of a new strain. That is, where did it come from in the population,” Kryuchkov concluded.

Fatigue, runny nose and headache are called early symptoms of “omicron”

Fatigue, runny nose and headache are called early symptoms of “omicron”

A sore throat, runny nose, fatigue and headache may be early signs of infection with the omicron strain of coronavirus. You should also pay attention to body aches, sneezing and night sweats.

This was stated by scientists from the UK, US and South Africa, writes the British newspaper Express. The conclusions of the doctors in an interview with RBC were confirmed by the director of the Center for the Global Virological Network Konstantin Chumakov. He noted that the incubation period of the virus has been markedly reduced. A person gets sick very quickly – 2-3 days after infection. The symptoms of the omicron strain are very difficult to distinguish from the common cold.

Previously, the St. Petersburg TV channel reported that more than two hundred cases of the VA.2 subspecies were detected in Russia – more contagious than the original version. The fact that a new version of Omicron has come to Russia was announced on February 2 by the head of Rospotrebnadzor Anna Popova.

Photo: St. Petersburg TV channel

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