Encephalitis – Symptoms – NHS

Symptoms of encephalitis may be mild to begin with, but can become more serious over hours or days.

Occasionally the symptoms may develop gradually over several weeks or even months.

Early symptoms

The first symptoms of encephalitis can be similar to flu, such as:

• a high temperature
• a headache 
• feeling and being sick
• aching muscles and joints

Some people may also have a spotty or blistery rash on their skin.

But these early symptoms do not always appear and sometimes the first signs of encephalitis may be more serious symptoms.

Serious symptoms

More severe symptoms develop when the brain is affected, such as:

• confusion or disorientation
• drowsiness
• seizures or fits
• changes in personality and behaviour, such as feeling very agitated
• difficulty speaking
• weakness or loss of movement in some parts of the body
• seeing and hearing things that are not there (hallucinations)
• loss of feeling in certain parts of the body
• uncontrollable eye movements, such as side-to-side eye movement
• eyesight problems
• loss of consciousness

There may also be symptoms of meningitis, such as a severe headache, sensitivity to bright lights, a stiff neck and a spotty rash that does not fade when a glass is pressed against it.

When to get medical advice

Dial 999 immediately to request an ambulance if you or someone else has serious symptoms of encephalitis.

It’s a medical emergency that needs to be seen in hospital as soon as possible.

Read about how encephalitis is diagnosed and how encephalitis is treated.

Page last reviewed: 03 December 2019
Next review due: 03 December 2022

When you wake up in the middle of the night with an alarming symptom—maybe it’s a high fever or splitting headache—it’s hard to know whether to rush to the emergency room or not. You don’t want to overact, but you definitely don’t want to underreact either. So how do you know when to go to the Emergency Room (ER) or wait until the next morning to go to your doctor? Here are the most common symptoms that you may experience- and that may leave you wondering what to do! 

When you wake up in the middle of the night with an alarming symptom—maybe it’s a high fever or splitting headache—it’s hard to know whether to rush to the emergency room or not. You don’t want to overact, but you definitely don’t want to underreact either. So how do you know when to go to the Emergency Room (ER) or wait until the next morning to go to your doctor? Here are the most common symptoms that you may experience- and that may leave you wondering what to do! 

Headache

While you may be used to the occasional headache from stress or one too many drinks, certain types of headaches can be cause for more concern. The three most common—and not dangerous—types of headaches are tension, cluster, and migraines, but there are a few symptoms of headaches that mean it’s more than an average headache. 

• In general, go to the ER if:
• The pain is intense and sudden. 
• Ask yourself “Is it the worst headache of your life? Did it come on suddenly like you were struck by lightning or hit in the head with a hammer?” 
• These are the two major questions that allow doctors to gage the risk for a potentially deadly cause of headache known as subarachnoid hemorrhage.
• A headache is also worrisome if it is accompanied by a fever, neck pain, or stiffness and a rash, which could signal meningitis.        

Abdominal Pain

From tummy aches to belly bloat, abdominal pain is the number one non-injury reason for adult emergency room visits. Pain can be caused by a number of factors from gas or a pulled muscle to the stomach flu or more serious conditions like appendicitis or urinary tract infections. 

• In general, go to the ER if: 
  • you’re experiencing intense localized pain, especially in the right lower part of your abdomen or your right upper region. 
  • This could mean that there is an issue with your appendix or gallbladder that may require immediate surgery. 
  • Other concerning symptoms are abdominal pain accompanied by an inability to keep down any food or fluids, blood in the stool, or a severe and sudden onset of the pain.

Chest Pain

With heart attacks as the number one killer for both men and women, it’s no surprise that sudden chest pain can be scary and is one of the leading causes of emergency room visits for adults. Heart attacks are at the top of the list due to their frequency and potential risk. 

• In general, go to the ER if:
  • you are experiencing chest pain along with shortness of breath, decreased activity tolerance, sweating, or pain that radiates to the neck, jaw, or arms—especially if your age or family history puts you at a higher risk for heart attacks. 
  • Do not go to a walk-in or urgent care clinic. Most places will ultimately send you to the ER since they don’t have the equipment to handle cardiac-related issues.

Infection

Infection can run the spectrum from a simple infected skin wound to serious forms such as kidney infections. The vast majority of infections are viral, which means they won’t respond to antibiotics and can be treated at home with over-the-counter symptom management until the virus passes. The key then is to look at the severity of the symptoms. The more severe infections are sepsis (infection throughout the body), pneumonia, meningitis, and infections in people who have weakened immune systems.

• In general, go to the ER if:
  • Symptoms are severe. You want to go to the ER if there are any concerns, such as confusion, lethargy, low blood pressure, or inability to tolerate any oral fluids. These may suggest a more sinister infection or may just need a little emergency room care, such as medications to help with symptom management, fluids, or possibly antibiotics, to turn the corner.

Blood in your stool or urine

Blood shouldn’t ever be found in your stool or urine, so even if your symptoms don’t require a trip to the ER, it’s important to make an appointment with your physician as soon as possible to determine the source and decide on a treatment plan. Blood in the urine is usually caused by some kind of infection such as a urinary tract or kidney infection or kidney stones.  When it comes to stool, it may often benign, but it can be the sign of something very dangerous. The number one cause is hemorrhoids followed by fissures, infections, inflammation, ulcers, or cancer. If you have a little blood with no other symptoms, make an appointment to talk with your doctor. 

• In general, go to the ER if: 
  • you have blood in your stool or urine with other symptoms such as a fever, rash or fatigue, large amounts of blood, intense pain, or any evidence of a blockage.

Difficulty Breathing

Shortness of breath is one of the most common emergency department presentations. The most common causes are asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) from smoking or infections such as pneumonia. When it comes to shortness of breath, use this rule of thumb: If you can’t breathe, get to the ER.

Cuts, Bumps & Falls

Whether it’s a knife accident chopping veggies for dinner or a misstep off the deck stairs, many cuts, bumps, and bruises can be handled at home with icing or home first aid kit supplies.

• In general, head to the ER if: 
  • what’s supposed to be on the inside is on the outside, or what’s supposed to be on the outside is on the inside. If you can see muscle, tendons, or bone, it requires more than just a BandAid. It’s important to get these addressed because you can have many potential secondary complications from infection to loss of function and ischemia [reduced blood flow]. 

Vomiting

While not pleasant, vomiting is a common symptom that can be caused by a number of conditions, most often viral gastroenteritis (“stomach flu”) or food poisoning. Usually vomiting can be managed with home care and a check-in with your primary care doctor. 

• In general, head to the ER if: 
  • there is blood in the vomit, significant stomach pain, or dark green bilious vomit which could suggest bowel obstruction. Another important factor with vomiting is dehydration. If you are unable to keep anything down, you will need to get medication or treatments to help you stay hydrated. Young children can become dehydrated rather quickly, but most healthy adults can go several days before significant dehydration becomes an issue.

Fever

Most of the time, a fever means nothing more than an indication that you are ill. It’s actually a healthy sign that your body is responding to an infection. The concern then is not with the fever itself, but with what infection is causing the fever. Don’t hesitate to treat it with over-the-counter medicines such as ibuprofen. 

• In general, go to the ER if: 
  • a fever is accompanied by extreme lethargy or there are other symptoms of infection present. Be concerned about fevers in kids with lethargy, fevers in adults with altered mental status, and fevers with headache and neck pain. 

Loss Of Function

Numbness in your legs, slack facial muscles, a loss of bowel control—if a certain body part or body function stops working suddenly or over time, you need to seek care to find out why. 

• In general, go to the ER: 
  • Immediately! Whether it is due to a trauma or just develops over time, any loss of function requires immediate evaluation. The two most common causes are physical trauma and stroke, both of which are serious and require medical attention. When something is not working, don’t try to ‘sleep it off’. If it doesn’t work, there is a reason and a doctor needs to see if they can diagnose, reverse, or prevent ongoing problems. 

We hope these tips will help you decide when to seek Urgent Care!

Coronavirus (COVID-19): What to Do if Your Child Is Sick (for Parents)

Far fewer cases of coronavirus (COVID-19) have been reported in children than in adults. Usually, the virus causes a milder illness in kids, though some children have become pretty sick.

Many parents wonder what to do if their child gets sick. Here’s what you need to know.

What Are the Signs & Symptoms of Coronavirus (COVID-19)?

COVID-19 can cause a range of symptoms, including:

Some kids are having symptoms caused by inflammation throughout the body, sometimes several weeks after they were infected with the virus. This is called multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Doctors are trying to find out how these symptoms are related to coronavirus infection.

Symptoms of MIS-C can include:

• fever 
• belly pain
• vomiting or diarrhea
• neck pain
• a rash
• red eyes
• feeling very tired
• red, cracked lips
• swollen hands or feet
• swollen glands (lymph nodes)

Kids who are very sick with MIS-C may have trouble breathing, pain or pressure in the chest, bluish lips or face, confusion, or trouble staying awake.

Most kids with MIS-C get better after they get special care in the hospital, sometimes in the ICU (intensive care unit).

What Should I Do if My Child Has Symptoms?

Call your doctor if your child has a fever, cough, trouble breathing, sore throat, belly pain, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, dizziness, or just doesn’t feel well. If your child has been near someone with coronavirus or been in an area where lots of people have it, tell the doctor. Talk about whether your child needs a test for coronavirus. The doctor can decide whether your child:

• can be treated at home
• should come in for a visit
• can have a video or telehealth visit

In a telehealth visit, a health care provider can see your child on video while you stay at home. If you can, choose a telehealth provider who specializes in caring for kids. If the doctor thinks your child needs care right away, they will guide you on where to go. When possible, check for telehealth in your area before anyone in your family is sick.

Watch for signs that your child might need more medical help. Go to the ER if your child:

• looks very sick to you
• has breathing problems. Look for muscles pulling in between the ribs or the nostrils puffing out with each breath.
• is confused or very sleepy
• has chest pain
• has cold, sweaty, pale or blotchy skin
• is dizzy
• has very bad belly pain

Call 911 if your child is struggling to breathe, is too out of breath to talk or walk, or turns blue or has fainted.

How Can I Keep My Family Safe if My Child Has Symptoms?

• Keep your family home until you talk to your doctor. If the doctor thinks your child’s symptoms could be COVID-19, everyone in the household should stay home until testing is done or symptoms are gone. Check the CDC’s website for details.
• Keep other people and pets in the house away from your child as much as possible.
• Try to have one person only care for the sick child so others are not exposed.
• If your child is over 2 years old and can wear a mask without finding it hard to breathe, have them wear one when the caregiver is in the room. Don’t leave your child alone while they’re wearing a mask. The caregiver also should wear one when in the same room. For more about masks, check the CDC’s guide.
• If possible, have your sick child use a different bathroom from others. If that isn’t possible, wipe down the bathroom often.
• Everyone in your family should wash their hands well and often. Wash with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, or use alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
• Use regular household cleaners or wipes to clean things that get touched a lot (doorknobs, light switches, toys, remote controls, phones, etc.). Do this every day.

How Do Doctors Test People for Coronavirus (COVID-19)?

To test someone for coronavirus, doctors put a Q-tip (a swab) into the nose or mouth, then send it to a lab. If the person coughs up mucus, doctors might send that for testing too. Some areas offer drive-thru testing, which lets people stay in their car during the test. At some testing sites, people can swab themselves following directions from the health care team. People also can order special kits to do the test at home.

If you think your child has symptoms of COVID-19, call your doctor or local health department. They will give you the most up-to-date information on testing.

How Is Coronavirus (COVID-19) Treated?

There is no specific medicine for COVID-19. Most people who have it get better at home with rest, fluids, and fever-reducing medicine. Some people get very ill and need treatment in the hospital.

What Else Should I Know?

COVID-19 vaccines are now available for people 12 and older. Everyone should get vaccinated as soon as they are eligible. Studies are under way to see if the vaccines are safe and effective in younger children.

Why do I have a headache and fever?

What does it mean if you have a headache and temperature at the same time?

A headache is pain in any part of your head, including your scalp, upper neck and face. It may last for just a few minutes or continue for many hours. When you have a fever, your body temperature is high – usually 38C or more – which can make you feel hot, cold, shivery or sweaty.

There are many reasons why you may have a headache and high temperature at the same time, including a common viral infection like a cold or the flu. Both symptoms are usually easily treated: they may go away on their own or when you treat the cause with medication and by resting, for example.

But sometimes, having a bad headache and a fever may mean you have a more serious condition that needs medical attention or even emergency treatment.

Common causes of a headache and a fever

You may have a headache and a high temperature because you have mild infections like a cold or the flu, or a more serious infection, like meningitis. Other infections that may cause both symptoms include those spread by mosquitoes in tropical areas, such as malaria or dengue fever.

Sometimes, the cause may not be an infection. Instead, it may be due to something like heat exhaustion or a side effect of a medication. Here are some of the main causes of a headache and fever.

Respiratory tract infections

Your headache and fever might be due to a respiratory tract infection in your airways, sinuses, throat, nose or ears. These infections are usually caused by a virus, like the flu is, but can occasionally be caused by bacteria.

Other symptoms you may have along with a headache and fever may include:

• muscle aches
• a cough
• a runny or blocked nose
• sneezing
• feeling generally unwell

If the infection is in your sinuses and causes sinusitis, you might also have pain, redness or swelling around your cheeks, eyes or forehead.

Heat exhaustion and heatstroke

Heat exhaustion and heatstroke usually happen during very hot weather or when you do very hard exercise. Heat exhaustion is when you become very hot and lose water or salt from your body, while heatstroke is when your body isn’t able to cool itself down and your temperature becomes dangerously high.

Other than causing a headache and a high temperature, these 2 conditions could cause symptoms like sweating a lot, feeling dizzy, muscle cramps, feeling very thirsty and fast breathing or a fast heart rate.

You’re more at risk of heatstroke if you’re very young or old, or if you have a long-term health condition like diabetes or heart disease.

Medication or vaccination side effects

Many medicines can cause side effects. Some medications – such as antibiotics or medicine for epilepsy – commonly cause a headache, and it’s also possible that they may trigger an allergic reaction that causes a fever. Sometimes this reaction can be serious, so see a doctor if you think you’re having an allergic reaction or any other worrying side effects.

Sometimes a vaccine can cause side effects – for example, the COVID-19 vaccine can cause a headache and a high temperature, as well as other side effects. Read more about the possible side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine.

Encephalitis

Encephalitis – inflammation of your brain – can start off with flu-like symptoms that may develop over hours, days or weeks. These include a headache and a high temperature, but more serious symptoms can include fits (seizures), difficulty speaking and fainting.

The most common cause is the virus that causes cold sores, but it can be caused by other viruses.

Encephalitis is rare, but it can be life-threatening, so go to a hospital or call an ambulance immediately if you think you have it.

Meningitis

Meningitis is a serious infection of the lining around your brain and spinal cord. It’s usually caused by a bacteria or a virus. It can develop suddenly, with symptoms like a fever and a headache. Other symptoms may include:

• feeling drowsy
• a stiff neck
• being sick (vomiting)
• a sensitivity to bright lights
• fits (seizures)
• a rash that doesn’t go away when you roll a glass over it

Meningitis can be life-threatening, so get immediate medical help if you suspect you have it.

When to see a doctor about a headache and fever

Having a headache and fever at the same time isn’t usually a sign of something serious, but in some cases it can be.

Go to hospital or call an ambulance if you have a bad headache and a fever, and you:

• find the headache suddenly becomes really bad
• have a stiff neck or a sensitivity to bright lights
• are vomiting, feel confused or are having fits (seizures)
• have blurred or double vision
• have a rash that doesn’t fade when you press on it or roll a glass over it
• have trouble speaking
• have drooping on one side of your face, numbness in your arms or legs, or trouble moving your arms or legs (weakness)
• feel unwell or have other signs of sepsis
• have swelling or redness around your eye that’s spreading
• are fainting
• have difficulty breathing, chest pain or coughing up blood
• have taken a medication or had a vaccine and have developed symptoms of a serious allergic reaction called anaphylaxis

You should also go to an emergency department or call an ambulance if it’s been between 4 days and 4 weeks since you had a COVID-19 vaccine and you have signs of a serious reaction to the COVID-19 vaccine.

See a doctor as soon as possible if you have a headache and fever, and:

• your symptoms get worse, don’t get better with painkillers or keep coming back
• your headache is worse when you lie or bend down
• you’re over 65, pregnant or have a long-term medical condition
• you have a weak immune system (e.g. from chemotherapy or HIV)
• you’ve recently travelled to an area with malaria or dengue fever

Treatment for a headache and high temperature

You can take painkillers to help with the pain of a headache and to bring your temperature down. But before doing so, speak to a pharmacist or doctor for advice on how to safely use painkillers.

Drinking lots of fluids, like water, may also help. But, you may need medical advice and more specific treatment, depending on the cause of your symptoms.

Read more about different types of headaches and natural remedies for a fever.

Respiratory tract infections

Many infections, including a cold, ear and throat infections, sinusitis and flu, can get better by themselves without you needing to see a doctor. General things you can do to ease your symptoms include resting and drinking lots of water to keep hydrated.

Read more about how to treat a cold at home and which natural remedies you can try to treat the flu.

Heat exhaustion and heatstroke

If you have heat exhaustion, it usually isn’t serious, but it’s important to try to cool down as soon as possible. You can do this by:
1. Moving to a cool place.
2. Lying down with your feet slightly raised.
3. Drinking lots of fluids.
4. Cooling down your skin with cold water.

If you don’t start to feel better within 30 minutes, become short of breath, pass out or get confused, call an ambulance. Heatstroke can be very serious if it isn’t treated quickly.

Read more about how to treat and prevent heatstroke at home.

Medication or vaccination side effects

You generally don’t need to see a doctor if you have mild side effects from medication, such as a slight headache. There’s also usually no need to see a doctor if you develop a fever and headache after a vaccine – this is common and typically goes away within a few days.

But if you have a serious headache or develop a fever after starting a new medicine, see a doctor, as it can be a sign of a more serious reaction. You should also see a doctor if you have a headache that lasts longer than a week or fever lasts longer than 2 days after having a vaccine.

And if you think you’re having a very serious reaction to a vaccine or medicine, go to a hospital or call an ambulance immediately.

Encephalitis

Encephalitis is a very serious condition that needs to be treated in a hospital. The treatment you have will depend on the cause and may include:

Read more about how encephalitis is diagnosed and treated.

Meningitis

Meningitis can become very serious if it’s not treated quickly. You’ll usually be admitted to hospital and treatment may include:

• antibiotics into a vein (IV)
• steroids to reduce swelling around your brain
• fluids into a vein
• oxygen if you’re having any trouble breathing

There are also vaccines to help prevent some types of meningitis. Find out all you need to know about meningitis.

How long does it take for a headache and fever to get better?

Some causes of a headache and fever get better on their own or with self-care. But other more serious conditions will need treatment from a doctor or in hospital – and can take longer to recover from. This is why it’s important to try and identify the cause of these symptoms to make sure you get the correct treatment and rule out anything serious.

If your symptoms don’t get better with self-care, you’re worried or if you have any of the symptoms listed in the ‘When to see a doctor’ section above, see a doctor or get emergency medical treatment.

Your health questions answered

• Why do I have a headache, a fever and also leg pain?

  Answered: 28/06/2021

  If you have a headache, fever and aching joints, like leg pain, it may be an early symptom of an infection. Many infections can cause body aches and pains, including respiratory tract infections like flu. More serious infections like meningitis and encephalitis and also rarer ones like dengue fever may also cause muscle and joint pain. If you have pain in your leg with swelling or redness, and a fever, you might have an infection in your skin or in a joint. An infection in your spine could also cause leg pain and fever. It’s best to see a doctor as soon as you can if you think you might have a serious infection.

Key takeaways

• a mild headache and a slight fever are usually easy to treat and should get better quickly with rest and medication from a pharmacist
• some medications – such as antibiotics or medicines for epilepsy – commonly cause a headache and sometimes, they may trigger an allergic reaction that causes a fever
• you generally don’t need to see a doctor to treat mild headaches or a low-grade fever that develop after being vaccinated, but you should seek medical advice if they become serious or you think you’re having a serious allergic reaction
• if your headache is really bad and your temperature is very high, or they get worse quickly, see a doctor as soon as possible
• if you think these 2 symptoms might be due to encephalitis or meningitis, it’s very important that you call an ambulance or go to hospital immediately

Can Diarrhea Be a Symptom of COVID-19?

While most of us know some of the common symptoms of COVID-19—such as fever, shortness of breath, and a dry cough—it’s quite common to experience gastrointestinal distress, such as diarrhea. That’s because diarrhea is the body’s way of quickly disposing of viruses, bacteria, and toxins from the digestive tract. In fact, a study reported in The American Journal of Gastroenterology found that diarrhea was the first and only COVID-19 symptom experienced by some patients.

How to Tell the Difference Between COVID-19 & Other Conditions

If you’re experiencing diarrhea after being in contact with someone with a known case of COVID-19, then you may want to get tested to be sure your gastrointestinal symptoms aren’t caused by this virus. You should also get tested if your diarrhea symptoms are accompanied by fever, chills, fatigue, body aches, headache, sore throat, nausea, or a new loss of taste or smell.

However, your diarrhea symptoms may be a result of another condition entirely—and this is the more likely scenario. For instance, diarrhea is frequently caused by:

• The flu
• A food sensitivity or intolerance
• Certain antibiotics
• A digestive disorder, such as Crohn’s disease, celiac disease, or irritable bowel syndrome

Treating Diarrhea at Home

Most cases of diarrhea can be treated with simple, at-home remedies, such as:

• Staying hydrated – Dehydration is a serious concern for those with diarrhea. Children should be given Pedialyte or another pediatric hydration solution, while sports drinks like Gatorade can be effective for teenagers and adults.
• Taking medication – An over-the-counter medication, such as Pepto-Bismol or Imodium, can help relieve symptoms.
• Eating a “BRAT” diet – Bananas, white rice, applesauce, and toast, aka the “BRAT” diet, help firm up stool and alleviate diarrhea symptoms. Stay away from fried, greasy, and high-fiber foods.

If your symptoms do not improve within a few days or are accompanied by a fever of more than 102°F, bloody or black stools, or severe abdominal pain, rectal pain, or dehydration, seek medical attention at an urgent care center such as PhysicianOne Urgent Care. Our facilities are open seven days per week with extended hours, and we can treat you promptly.

Diarrhea Treatment at PhysicianOne Urgent Care

When you visit PhysicianOne Urgent Care for diarrhea treatment, you will be seen by one of our experienced practitioners who will review your medical history, learn about any medications you’re taking, and conduct a physical examination. From there, additional testing may be recommended, such as a complete blood count. We can conduct many clinical lab tests in our urgent care centers for prompt results. We’ll also likely administer a COVID-19 test to rule out this condition.

If your diarrhea symptoms are caused by a bacterial infection, we can prescribe antibiotics. We may also administer IV fluids for dehydration. For other conditions, such as a viral infection, we may recommend over-the-counter options to help relieve the symptoms.

Stop by Today

If you are experiencing diarrhea symptoms, come to PhysicianOne Urgent Care today. We offer PCR and rapid antigen tests for COVID-19 as well as clinical lab testing for other conditions. We have urgent care centers located in Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New York. Find your nearest one here and walk right in to receive prompt care!

You think you have COVID-19. What should you do?

If you think you have COVID-19, isolate yourself at home and tend to your symptoms. Call your doctor for help if your symptoms worsen. Photo: Getty Images.

Months into the outbreak of the coronavirus that causes COVID-19, a variety of symptoms have been reported.

They include:

• Fever or chills
• Cough
• Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
• Fatigue
• Muscle or body aches
• Headache
• New loss of taste or smell
• Sore throat
• Congestion or runny nose
• Nausea or vomiting
• Diarrhea

If you are having these symptoms and you think you might have COVID-19, stay at home and isolate yourself from others except to get medical care. Get rest and stay hydrated and take over-the-counter medicines to help you feel better.

UCHealth has created a tool to help determine how long one should quarantine or isolate after exposure or a positive COVID-19 test result. Click here for the English version and here for the Spanish version.

To learn more about testing through UCHealth, please click here. To find community testing sites throughout Colorado, please click here. To schedule a Virtual Urgent Care, please click here. To schedule a Virtual Visit, please click here.

You should seek medical attention if you or someone is showing any of these signs:

• Trouble breathing
• Persistent pain or pressure in the chest
• New confusion
• Inability to wake or stay awake
• Bluish lips or face

You may call 911 or call ahead to a hospital to notify the facility that you are seeking care for someone who has or may have COVID-19.

Dr. David Steinbruner, chief medical officer at UCHealth Memorial Hospital Central, says that 80% of people who are infected with the coronavirus, also known as COVID-19, will experience a mild to moderate form of the illness.

With the number of people testing positive for COVID-19 and hospitalizations on the rise across the nation, Steinbruner said,  “You probably want to really think now, before you get sick, about making sure you have medications and what you may need and have that available.”

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, if you have symptoms of COVID-19 or are confirmed positive:

• As much as possible, stay in a specific room and away from other people and pets in your home. If possible, you should use a separate bathroom. If you need to be around other people or animals in or outside of the home, wear a mask.
• Tell your close contacts they may have been exposed to COVID-19. An infected person can spread COVID-19 starting 48 hours (or 2 days) before the person has any symptoms or tests positive. By letting your close contacts know they have been exposed, you are helping to protect everyone.
• Use this tool to determine how long you should isolate or quarantine. Click here for the English version and here for the Spanish version.

For all updates and to read more articles about the new coronavirus, please visit uchealth.org/covid19

Steinbruner said people who are not severely ill can do good for the community if they stay home and avoid sharing the illness with even one additional person.

“There’s no proven treatment for this other than treating the symptoms, but the medical community is currently working on treatments for the most severely affected,” he said.

Avoiding visiting your doctor’s office in person or going into an ER if you are not extremely ill will help medical providers preserve the resources they need to focus on critically ill patients and those who have pre-existing conditions that make the virus even worse, Steinbruner said.

Steinbruner recommends that if you have a cough, sore throat, headache and fever, you should stay home and treat the illness as you would a flu-like illness. Make sure that you have medications available that you would normally use to treat yourself at home. To prevent the spread:

• Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze.
• Dispose of used tissues in a lined trash can.
• Wash your hands with soap and water for 20 seconds or with a hand sanitizer that contains at least 70% alcohol.
• Wear a mask.

If you are not sure about whether you should visit your doctor, one of the best ways to find out without leaving your home is to schedule a phone call or Virtual Urgent Care visit with a provider.

“This is really an opportunity, that for the first time in America, we are seeing people embrace using their phones and tablets to see a doctor,’’ Steinbruner said. “In the case of limiting the spread of this novel coronavirus, this helps in two ways:  It helps preserve resources with hospitals and prevents the spread of infection into the hospitals and clinics. And it enables people to get real-time feedback from a provider in the comfort of their own home so that they can take ownership of their health.’’

Steinbruner also recommends that people who are sick go to the CDC website and follow all of the steps to care for yourself at home.

As the number of coronavirus cases rise and flu season collides, it is important to get a flu vaccination. It’s also important for adults and kids to stay up-to-date on all their vaccines including MMR, Tdap and Hepatitis A. To schedule a visit with a primary care doctor, please click here.

Here is some additional guidance from the CDC:

Stay home: People who are mildly ill with COVID-19 are able to isolate at home during their illness. You should restrict activities outside of your home, except for getting medical care. Learn more here about when, and for how long, to isolate or quarantine based on your scenario.

Cover your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze to keep germs from spreading. Photo: Getty Images.

Cover your mouth and nose if you are sick: If you have a facemask, you should wear it or otherwise cover your mouth and nose if you must share a room or vehicle with other people or when you enter a health care provider’s office.

Avoid public areas: Do not go to work, school or public areas.

Avoid public transportation: If possible, do not use public transportation, ride-sharing services or taxis to avoid spreading the virus to anyone else.

Separate yourself from other people and animals in your home: Stay away from others. As much as possible, you should stay in a specific room and away from other people in your home. Also, you should use a separate bathroom, if available.

Limit contact with pets and animals: You should restrict contact with pets and other animals while you are sick with COVID-19, just like you would around other people. Although there have not been reports of pets or other animals becoming sick with COVID-19, it is still recommended that people sick with COVID-19 limit contact with animals until more information is known.

Call ahead before visiting your doctor: If you have a medical appointment, call ahead to your provider’s office and tell them that you may have COVID-19. This will help your provider’s office take steps to keep other people from getting infected or exposed.

25 Subtle Signs You’ve Caught Coronavirus

With so much focus on the coronavirus, it’s easy to psych yourself out and think you’re infected when you feel the slightest headache coming on. Compare these subtle signs that you may have coronavirus to the symptoms you’re experiencing. Note: You don’t have to have all of these symptoms to be infected with coronavirus; please check with your medical provider to be sure. And if you want to be extra careful, click here for the longer, fuller list of the Sure Signs You’ve Already Had Coronavirus.

Shutterstock

Like many other viruses, COVID-19 may completely zap your energy. If you’re feeling unusually tired, it may be a subtle sign that you’ve contracted the virus. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 44% to 70% of patients with coronavirus reported fatigue as a common symptom they experienced when they contracted the virus. If you simply stayed up late to binge watch your favorite show or you didn’t sleep well because you drank too much whiskey, your fatigue is explainable. If you can’t explain your full-body fatigue, cross-check it with the following symptoms of COVID-19.

Shutterstock

The CDC reports a dry cough as a common symptom of coronavirus and 59% to 82% of patients diagnosed with the virus felt it coming on with a dry cough. According to Lisa Maragakis, M.D., M.P.H. from the Johns Hopkins Health System, the virus “travels to the back of your nasal passages and to the mucous membranes in the back of your throat.” This is what causes an instant dry cough as soon as you’re infected with the virus. Keep in mind, allergies may also cause a dry cough, so don’t jump to conclusions that you’ve been infected if this is the only symptom you experience. 

Shutterstock

About 31% to 40% of diagnosed coronavirus patients experienced a shortness of breath. According to the Mayo Clinic, a shortness of breath can be described as an “intense tightening in the chest, air hunger, difficulty breathing, breathlessness, or a feeling of suffocation.” You may experience a shortness of breath when you’re exercising intensely or if you’re experiencing anxiety or a panic attack. However, if you can’t catch your breath and there’s no reason for it, you may have been infected with coronavirus.

Shutterstock

A fever is the most common symptom for those diagnosed with coronavirus. 83% to 99% of COVID-19 patients report experiencing a fever. According to Harvard Medical School, you have a fever if your body temperature is 100.4° Fahrenheit or higher. You may also experience “chills, sweating, muscle aches, nausea, and weakness.” Your body develops a fever when it’s working hard to fight off an infection or inflammation. Your fever may be a sign that you have the flu or it may be a symptom of COVID-19. Call your doctor if you develop a fever so you can potentially get tested for the virus.

Shutterstock

If you couldn’t smell your toast burning or coffee brewing this morning, it may be cause for concern. One of the most subtle symptoms associated with coronavirus is a loss of your sense of smell, also referred to as anosmia. This symptom was discovered by the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery when doctors found that many who tested positive for the virus had lost their ability to smell. “In South Korea, where testing has been more widespread, 30% of patients testing positive have had anosmia as their major presenting symptom in otherwise mild cases.”

Shutterstock

Pink eye, or conjunctivitis, may also be a sign of a coronavirus infection, although it’s rare. According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, 1% to 3% of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 also had viral pink eye. 

Shutterstock

Another subtle symptom that was common among coronavirus patients is nausea or diarrhea. A study published in The American Journal of Gastroenterology analyzed the symptoms of over 200 people who were diagnosed with COVID-19. About half of these patients claimed to experience stomach issues, including either diarrhea, nausea, or both. 

Shutterstock

If you’re having trouble tasting your food, it may also be a sign of a respiratory or viral infection such as coronavirus. A loss in your sense of taste, called dysgeusia, is related to losing your sense of smell, which is also a newly diagnosed symptom of the virus. While it’s not a primary symptom of coronavirus, Dr. Rachel Kaye, an assistant professor of otolaryngology at Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, claims many patients she saw who later tested positive for coronavirus were complaining that “everything tastes like cardboard.” 

Generally, sinus congestion or a runny nose are signs you’re dealing with allergies, a common cold, or a sinus infection. A runny nose is generally not a symptom of coronavirus in adults. However, this mild symptom may be more common in children infected with the virus. According to the CDC, “Children with confirmed COVID-19 have generally presented with mild symptoms. Reported symptoms in children include cold-like symptoms, such as fever, runny nose, and cough.”

Shutterstock

Body aches and muscle soreness commonly accompany a fever. If you know you have a fever, it’s no surprise that you’re also feeling some muscle weakness. According to the World Health Organization, about 15% of patients diagnosed with coronavirus experienced body aches or joint pain. Your body aches could be a sign that you’re dealing with another illness, such as the flu, or that you’ve been infected with the virus. If it’s accompanied by other symptoms, such as a fever and dry cough, contact your doctor.

Shutterstock

Overall, coronavirus symptoms are similar to what you’d experience if you caught the flu. According to Dr. Jake Duetsch, founder and clinical director at Cure Urgent Care, “In terms of differentiating between flu and COVID-19, it can be almost impossible to distinguish. Fevers, body aches, coughing, sneezing could all be equally attributed to them both, so it really means that if there’s a concern for flu, there’s a concern for COVID-19.” 

Shutterstock

Sore throats are very common with any respiratory infections. Although unpleasant, they usually settle as the infection settles. Most sore throats don’t need any treatment. If your sore throat is especially bad, do ask a doctor to check it out in case you have tonsillitis for example.

RELATED: Everything Dr. Fauci Has Said About Coronavirus

Shutterstock

Around half of all people infected with COVID-19 have digestive symptoms; 18% present with diarrhea, vomiting or abdominal pain. Usually, this is just up to three loose stools per day. 

Shutterstock

COVID patients around the world are suffering from a condition known as deep vein thrombosis. “Blood clots can form in the veins deep in the limbs, a condition called deep vein thrombosis or DVT,” explains the American Heart Association about the condition usually impacting the deep veins of the legs. “A blood clot in a deep vein can break off and travel through the bloodstream. If the clot travels to the lungs and blocks blood flow, the condition is called pulmonary embolism.”

Shutterstock

Blood clotting is dangerous mostly due to the simple fact that it can cut off the blood flow in your body. Some patients, including Broadway actor Nick Cordero, are forced to undergo amputation as a result of “thrombotic events.” One recent study published in Thrombosis Research found that 31 percent of 184 patients suffered thrombotic complications. One of the first signs you are experiencing blood clots is if your limbs or fingers start feeling any pain, numbness, or experience any swelling.  

Shutterstock

Dr. Alisa Femia, director of inpatient dermatology and a specialist in autoimmune connective tissue disease at NYU Langone, is just one of the many physicians who have reported skin manifestations—including strange rashes and discoloration—amongst coronavirus patients. In fact, the American Academy of Dermatology is keeping a symptom registry in order to record, research, and hopefully be able to explain why the virus manifests itself in the skin. Dr. Femia recently noted to Time that some preliminary research implies blood-flow issues may be behind these bizarre skin conditions. 

Shutterstock

Some younger coronavirus patients have reported swollen, discolored lesions on their toes, a condition medical experts have dubbed “COVID toes.” Experts believe that the inflammatory condition is a result of blood clots. “It’s possible that this is a skin reaction or caused by a small clog or micro clots in the blood vessels found in the toes,” Cleveland Clinic pulmonologist Dr. Humberto Choi explained in a blog post on the medical center’s website. 

Shutterstock

A headache is one of the official COVID-19 symptoms listed by the CDC, along with fever and chills, a dry cough, shortness of breath and others. Broadway actor Danny Burstein suffered coronavirus and wrote about the trauma: “My friend described the headaches like a hammer inside his head that was trying to chip its way out. That’s an understatement.”

At least four percent of COVID-19 patients studied by the University of Cincinnati had dizziness. This may be caused by lower levels of oxygen reaching your brain.

If you experience “a change in intellectual, emotional, psychological, and personality functioning, typically accompanied by behavioral changes,” as defined by ACP Hospitalist, you may have “encephalopathy,” a catch-all term for a disease that affects the brain. One real-life example: A COVID-19 patient, a female airline worker, reported the New York Times, “was confused, and complained of a headache; she could tell the physicians her name but little else, and became less responsive over time. Brain scans showed abnormal swelling and inflammation in several regions, with smaller areas where some cells had died.”

Shutterstock

When your heart is having trouble working, it takes more effort for it to pump blood. You’ll also feel anxious. Hence the increased sweat.

Shutterstock

This can be a sign of an irregular heartbeat—as can a racing heartbeat or a slow heartbeat, along with chest pain or shortness of breath. Not to mention, “Some of the medications utilized to treat COVID-19″—like hydroxychloroquine—”also have potential cardiac complications” related to your heartbeat, says the new research.

Shutterstock

One sign of a blood clot is swelling in the leg—but usually not both legs.

Shutterstock

With a blood clot, “the pain often starts in your calf and can feel like cramping or soreness,” says the Mayo Clinic.

Shutterstock

Indigestion, heartburn or abdominal pain are symptoms of COVID-19, but also of a heart attack.

Shutterstock

Dr. Deborah Lee, who is a medical writer at Dr Fox Online Pharmacy, warns: “Look out for these emergency warning signs* for COVID-19. If someone is showing any of these signs, seek emergency medical care immediately

• Trouble breathing
• Persistent pain or pressure in the chest
• New confusion
• Inability to wake or stay awake
• Bluish lips or face.”

*This list is not all possible symptoms. Please call your medical provider for any other symptoms that are severe or concerning to you—and to get through this pandemic at your healthiest, don’t miss these 37 Places You’re Most Likely to Catch Coronavirus.

90,000 Fever and headache: possible illnesses

Medical practice suggests that symptoms such as fever and headache are the most common in the world. They can accompany a common cold, serious infectious diseases, and various tumors. The danger is that people often attribute the ailment to hypothermia, lack of sleep, or other “everyday” situations.

However, fever and pain combined with other symptoms can be signs of diseases that require professional treatment.

If you or your loved ones have a similar condition for two or more days, you urgently need to go to an appointment with a therapist.

Causes of fever and headache

The appearance of a headache with an increase in temperature to 37 degrees and above is a consequence of the fact that blood flow in the body accelerates and blood pressure rises. The reason for such changes is associated with inflammatory processes caused by viral and bacterial infections of the respiratory tract and ENT organs.

If the temperature rises without any pain, then the reasons may be as follows:

• infection of the gastrointestinal tract;
• infection caused by a cut with a dirty object or an animal bite;
• dysfunction of the thyroid gland;
• long-term nervous tension, stressful situation;
• chronic bacterial or viral infection of any localization.

As for headache without fever, it is caused by such reasons as:

• physical or emotional overwork;
• spasms of cerebral vessels;
• spine disease;
• high or low blood pressure;
• post-traumatic brain disease.

What headache and temperature may indicate

The spectrum of possible diseases in which headaches and fever are observed is very wide.It all depends on what additional symptoms occur:

• ARVI, ARI – the most common and “habitual” diseases. In this case, a runny nose, sore throat and cough first appear, and the temperature rises already against the background of these phenomena.
• Influenza is a more serious viral disease in which the patient immediately has a high fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, general intoxication of the body.
• Sinusitis and other diseases of ENT organs – often develop as complications against the background of upper respiratory tract infections, but can be caused by other factors.Primary manifestations include fever, nasal breathing difficulties, pain in the nose, forehead, occiput, or crown of the head, depending on the specific form of the disease.
• Meningitis is a very dangerous disease – an inflammation of the membranes of the brain and spinal cord, which can be a complication of a viral infection, or immediately begins as an independent disease. Its symptoms are severe headache at temperatures above 38 degrees, possibly vomiting, cramps, stiff neck muscles, hemorrhagic skin rash.With such manifestations, urgent hospitalization is necessary, tk. complications of meningitis lead to deafness, mental retardation in children, and in some cases, death is possible.
• Intestinal infections – a broad category of diseases caused by various bacteria, toxins and viruses. Already at the initial stages, patients are characterized by an increased temperature with general weakness, nausea, vomiting, and stool disorders. In the future, the general intoxication of the body progresses, which is accompanied by an almost complete loss of appetite, dizziness, and headache.
• Encephalitis is the general name for a group of diseases associated with brain inflammation. An increase in temperature in a patient is accompanied by psychomotor disorders, headache, nausea, sleep disturbances, in difficult cases, hallucinations and seizures occur. It is necessary to contact a medical institution as soon as possible, because complications threaten with irreversible consequences up to death.

Headache and high fever – a reason to visit a doctor!

As you can see, simple and familiar symptoms such as headache, fever and weakness can often be signs of a serious illness that requires immediate treatment.In most cases, doctors diagnose diseases that are treated at home, but even a neglected cold can lead to very negative consequences.

To protect yourself and your loved ones, remember – if any symptoms of discomfort appear, you should immediately contact a specialist!

Doctors of the Medical Center “Diagnosis” are ready to receive you every day and provide all the necessary assistance. Doctors have at their disposal a research laboratory, as well as modern diagnostic equipment, which is the key to prompt detection of the disease.You can familiarize yourself with the list of services of the Diagnosis Center and their prices in the relevant sections of the site.

You can make an appointment with a general practitioner by phone 8 (351) 217-20-20 and through the feedback form (in the header of the site).

The cost of services is indicated in the Price section.

Rehabilitation after coronavirus infection

More than two hundred thousand people in the country have already been ill with the new coronavirus.Even after a mild form of COVID-19, recovery can take months. The COVID-19 virus affects not only the lungs and respiratory system, the virus can affect the liver, heart, gastrointestinal tract and even the brain. Those who have recovered often notice a decrease in attention and memory impairment.

But the most common reason to go into rehabilitation after the coronavirus is the loss of vital activity. People stop coping with household chores, feel weak and get tired quickly.

How can you help your body recover from an illness?

Medical Center “Diagnosis” provides services for the rehabilitation of patients after suffering from COVID19 and ARVI, under the supervision of specialists.

The complex of procedures and examinations is selected by the doctor after examination at the initial appointment. It cannot be the same for everyone, because after an infection, people who have been ill have different complications, depending on the severity of the course of the disease.

The complex of rehabilitation services includes:

1. Physiotherapy:

• Magnetotherapy on the device “ALMAG-02”

Magnetic therapy helps to stop inflammation, relieve tissue swelling and facilitate breathing, improve tissue nutrition and local immunity.

1 session – 300 rubles

5 sessions – 1,500 rubles (-15%) – 1,275 rubles

• ILBI – intravenous laser blood illumination:

interferons are activated, which build up protection against viruses; Prophylactic phagocytosis is triggered – the absorption of harmful bacteria, viruses and dead cells; Cytokines are released, which leads to the regulation of inflammatory processes

1 procedure – 350 rubles

5 procedures – 1750 rubles (-15%) 1,488 rubles

2.Injection / dropper

• Ozone therapy (dropper with ozonized saline solution)

Eliminates oxygen starvation in tissues, has an anti-inflammatory effect, a detoxifying effect, thins the blood, prevents blood clots, strengthens the immune system.

1 procedure (200 ml) – 380 rubles

5 procedures – 1 900 rubles (-15%) 1 615 rubles 90 126

• Droppers with hepatoprotectors

Promotes liver regeneration and eliminates the effects of antibiotic and statin treatment.This group of drugs fights against the consequences of intoxication, that is, poisoning of the body with the decay products of the virus, and other substances that are formed due to prolonged inflammation.

3. Methods of traditional acupuncture, acupuncture:

– Increase the body’s defenses

– Have a positive effect on bronchial patency, hemodynamics

– Promote the restoration of smell and taste

1 session – 800 rubles

5 sessions – 4000 rubles (-25%) – 3000 rubles

The center’s specialists will select for you an individual complex of procedures under the supervision of a therapist.

Patients accepted for treatment:

• with negative PCR analysis,

• in the absence of elevated body temperature

To make an appointment for a rehabilitation or diagnostic procedure, call tel. 8 (351) 217-20-20 or ask questions to the administrators in the center at the address: Komsomolsky prospect 43-V.

THERE ARE CONTRAINDICATIONS. NECESSARY CONSULTATION OF A SPECIALIST

Yersiniosis: symptoms, treatment and prevention

https://ria.ru/20210302/iersinioz-1599601258.html

Yersiniosis: symptoms, treatment and prevention

Yersiniosis: symptoms, treatment and prevention – RIA Novosti, 03/02/2021

Yersiniosis: symptoms, treatment and prevention

Yersiniosis is an acute infectious disease from the group of zoonoses (infectious and parasitic diseases common to vertebrates and humans) caused by… RIA Novosti, 02.03.2021

2021-03-02T15: 06

2021-03-02T15: 06

2021-03-02T15: 08

references

food

bacteria

/ html / head / meta [@ name = ‘og: title’] / @ content

/ html / head / meta [@ name = ‘og: description’] / @ content

https://cdn22.img.ria.ru/ images / 07e5 / 03/02 / 1599604025_0: 540: 2048: 1692_1920x0_80_0_0_6eb6e6c79245dee99fc0bb82a338f82c.jpg

Yersiniosis is an acute infectious disease from the group of zoonoses (infectious diseases of humans and parasitic animals) caused by enteric bacteria and enteric infectionsIt is characterized mainly by lesions of the gastrointestinal tract with a tendency to damage other organs and systems. The source of the pathogen is mainly synanthropic and wild rodents, as well as pigs, cattle, dogs, cats, etc., sometimes a sick person or carrier. Bacteria multiply in soil, water, food. The transmission mechanism of yersiniosis is fecal-oral. Infection usually occurs when eating vegetables contaminated with secretions and used without heat treatment (cabbage and carrot salads, vinaigrette, etc.), sometimes dairy products. The incubation period is 1-6 days. The following clinical forms of yersiniosis are distinguished: gastrointestinal, abdominal, generalized and secondary focal. All forms of yersiniosis have some common clinical signs: acute onset, fever, intoxication, abdominal pain, upset stools, skin rashes, pain in joints and muscles, enlargement of peripheral lymph nodes and liver, a tendency to wave-like course with exacerbations and relapses.The course of the disease can be acute (up to three months), protracted (up to six months), chronic (more than six months). The gastrointestinal form is predominant in adults. The onset is usually acute, in some cases subacute or gradual. Symptoms of lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and signs of intoxication appear. Patients are worried about abdominal pain of varying intensity, periodic or cramping, nausea, repeated vomiting, and bloating are noted. The stool is liquid with a pungent unpleasant odor, occasionally mixed with mucus and blood.Stool frequency varies from four to five to 15-20 times a day. In some cases, there are mild catarrhal phenomena (slight pain or sore throat, runny nose, rare dry cough, hoarseness), which precede gastrointestinal disorders, and sometimes persist against their background. The course of this form of yersiniosis is usually mild to moderate. The temperature returns to normal by the fourth or fifth day of illness, clinical recovery occurs in most cases by the end of the first week.Rarely, the disease proceeds in waves and the duration increases to three to four weeks. Exacerbations and relapses are rare. Possibly erased course without intoxication, with normal or subfebrile temperature, with minor, short-term pain in the abdomen or without pain; stool two to three times a day. A very severe course with severe intoxication, temperature up to 40 °, severe dehydration is rare The abdominal form (appendicular, pseudo-appendicular) form is more often observed in children.The initial manifestations can be the same as in the gastrointestinal form: fever, intoxication, moderate abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, frequent loose stools, and sometimes catarrhal phenomena. After one to three days, vomiting and diarrhea stop, but pains appear (or intensify) in the right iliac region or around the navel. In half of patients with the abdominal form, there is a rash on the skin, sometimes peripheral lymph nodes increase, pains in muscles and joints appear, and the liver increases. The duration of this form is usually three to four weeks.Abdominal and gastrointestinal forms can become generalized. The most common early manifestations of the disease are chills, headache, dizziness, pain when moving the eyeballs, weakness, loss of appetite, muscle aches, fever combined with catarrhal symptoms (sore throat, nasal congestion, dry cough). In half of the patients, the stool becomes more frequent up to two or three times a day, the stool is mushy or liquid, without impurities; vomiting is less common (once or twice a day). Characterized by aversion to food, unpleasant taste, bitterness and dry mouth, loss of taste.One of the most common symptoms in the generalized form is a rash. Most often, skin rashes appear on the second or third day from the onset of the disease, but are possible in a period from several hours to the end of the second week. They are located on the chest, abdomen, back, arms and legs; localization of the rash on the palms and soles is characteristic, while patients feel a burning sensation (sometimes regardless of the presence of a rash), swelling and hyperemia of the skin occur. Often, rashes are localized on the face, can be grouped around the knee, elbow, ankle, shoulder joints.Almost half of patients have mild itching of the skin.The duration of the period of the rash is most often one to four days, but the rash may be ephemeral or persist for one to two weeks. The second most common symptom is joint damage. Knee, shoulder, ankle, wrist, interphalangeal joints are affected. Pain occurs in several joints at once. Arthritis is possible, especially of small joints, pains of varying intensity appear in the muscles of the back, legs, neck, heels and soles when walking.The secondary focal form is not independent, but can develop after any of the described forms of yersiniosis. In this case, the disease can proceed subclinically (hidden), or the first manifestations of yersiniosis (for example, gastroenteritis) and the focal lesions that have arisen then are separated from each other by a long period, during which the state of health remains good. In these cases, the first pronounced clinical manifestation of the disease is damage to an organ (heart, liver, joint, meninges).The diagnosis is established on the basis of bacteriological (cultures) and serological (determination of antigens and antibodies) studies. In the absence of concomitant diseases, in cases of mild and erased course of yersiniosis, patients can be treated at home by an infectious disease doctor. It is based on pathogenetic and etiotropic therapy aimed at detoxification, restoration of water-electrolyte losses, normal blood composition, suppression of the pathogen. Disease prevention is based on compliance with sanitary rules at catering establishments, preparation technology and storage periods for food products (vegetables, fruits, etc.)NS.). Timely identification of patients and carriers of yersiniosis, disinfection of premises. The material was prepared on the basis of information from open sources

RIA Novosti

[email protected]

7 495 645-6601

FSUE MIA “Russia Today”

https: //xn--c1acbl2abdlkab1og.xn--p1ai / awards /

2021

RIA Novosti

[email protected]

7 495 645-6601

FSUE MIA “Russia Today”

https: // xn – c1acbl2abdlkab1og.xn – p1ai / awards /

News

ru-RU

https://ria.ru/docs/about/copyright.html

https: //xn--c1acbl2abdlkab1og.xn--p1ai/

RIA Novosti

[email protected]

7 495 645-6601

FSUE MIA Rossiya Segodnya

https: //xn--c1acbl2abdlkab1og.xn--p1ai/awards/

https: // cdn22 .img.ria.ru / images / 07e5 / 03/02 / 1599604025_0: 557: 2048: 2093_1920x0_80_0_0_fcc2e2cc806c359ca98a2ca59776f3ac.jpg

RIA Novosti

[email protected]

7 495 645-6601

FSUE MIA Rossiya Segodnya

https: //xn--c1acbl2abdlkab1og.xn--p1ai/awards/

RIA Novosti

[email protected]

7 495 645-6601

FSUE MIA “Russia Today”

https: //xn--c1acbl2abdlkab1og.xn--p1ai/awards/

certificates, food, bacteria

Yersiniosis is an acute infectious disease from the group of zoonoses (infectious and parasitic diseases common to vertebrates and humans) caused by the bacteria Yersinia enterocolitica belonging to enterobacteria.It is characterized mainly by lesions of the gastrointestinal tract with a tendency to damage other organs and systems. The source of the pathogen is mainly synanthropic and wild rodents, as well as pigs, cattle, dogs, cats, etc., sometimes a sick person or carrier. Bacteria multiply in soil, water, food.

The mechanism of transmission of yersiniosis is fecal-oral. Infection usually occurs when eating vegetables contaminated with secretions and used without heat treatment (cabbage and carrot salads, vinaigrette, etc.), sometimes dairy products. The incubation period is 1-6 days.

There are the following clinical forms of yersiniosis: gastrointestinal, abdominal, generalized and secondary focal. All forms of yersiniosis have some common clinical signs: acute onset, fever, intoxication, abdominal pain, upset stools, skin rashes, pain in joints and muscles, enlargement of peripheral lymph nodes and liver, a tendency to wave-like course with exacerbations and relapses.The course of the disease can be acute (up to three months), protracted (up to six months), chronic (more than six months).

Gastrointestinal form is predominant in adults. The onset is usually acute, in some cases subacute or gradual. Symptoms of lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and signs of intoxication appear. Patients are worried about abdominal pain of varying intensity, periodic or cramping, nausea, repeated vomiting, and bloating are noted. The stool is liquid with a pungent unpleasant odor, occasionally mixed with mucus and blood.Stool frequency varies from four to five to 15-20 times a day. In some cases, mild catarrhal phenomena (slight pain or sore throat, runny nose, rare dry cough, hoarseness of the voice) are noted, which precede gastrointestinal disorders, and sometimes persist against their background.

The course of this form of yersiniosis is usually mild or moderate. The temperature returns to normal by the fourth or fifth day of illness, clinical recovery occurs in most cases by the end of the first week.Rarely, the disease proceeds in waves and the duration increases to three to four weeks. Exacerbations and relapses are rare.

Possibly erased course without intoxication, with normal or low-grade fever, with minor, short-term abdominal pain or without pain; stool two to three times a day. A very severe course with severe intoxication, temperature up to 40 °, severe dehydration is rare

Abdominal form (appendicular, pseudoappendicular) form is more often observed in children.The initial manifestations can be the same as in the gastrointestinal form: fever, intoxication, moderate abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, frequent loose stools, and sometimes catarrhal phenomena. After one to three days, vomiting and diarrhea stop, but pains appear (or intensify) in the right iliac region or around the navel. In half of patients with the abdominal form, there is a rash on the skin, sometimes peripheral lymph nodes increase, muscle and joint pains appear, the liver enlarges

The duration of this form is usually three to four weeks.

Abdominal and gastrointestinal forms can go to generalized . The most common early manifestations of the disease are chills, headache, dizziness, pain when moving the eyeballs, weakness, loss of appetite, muscle aches, fever combined with catarrhal symptoms (sore throat, nasal congestion, dry cough). In half of the patients, the stool becomes more frequent up to two or three times a day, the stool is mushy or liquid, without impurities; vomiting is less common (once or twice a day).Characterized by aversion to food, unpleasant taste, bitterness and dry mouth, loss of taste.

One of the most common symptoms in generalized form is a rash. Most often, skin rashes appear on the second or third day from the onset of the disease, but are possible in a period from several hours to the end of the second week. They are located on the chest, abdomen, back, arms and legs; localization of the rash on the palms and soles is characteristic, while patients feel a burning sensation (sometimes regardless of the presence of a rash), swelling and hyperemia of the skin occur.Often, rashes are localized on the face, can be grouped around the knee, elbow, ankle, shoulder joints. Almost half of patients have mild itching of the skin

The duration of the period of the rash is most often one to four days, but the rash may be ephemeral or persist for one to two weeks.

The second most common symptom is joint damage. Knee, shoulder, ankle, wrist, interphalangeal joints are affected. Pain occurs in several joints at once.Arthritis is possible, especially of small joints, pains of varying intensity appear in the muscles of the back, legs, neck, heels and soles when walking.

Secondary focal form is not independent, but can develop after any of the described forms of yersiniosis. In this case, the disease can proceed subclinically (hidden), or the first manifestations of yersiniosis (for example, gastroenteritis) and the focal lesions that have arisen then are separated from each other by a long period, during which the state of health remains good.In these cases, the first pronounced clinical manifestation of the disease is damage to an organ (heart, liver, joint, meninges).

The diagnosis is established on the basis of bacteriological (cultures) and serological (determination of antigens and antibodies) studies.

In the absence of concomitant diseases, in cases of mild and blurred course of yersiniosis, patients can be treated at home by an infectious disease doctor. It is based on pathogenetic and etiotropic therapy aimed at detoxification, restoration of water-electrolyte losses, normal blood composition, suppression of the pathogen.

Disease prevention is based on observance of sanitary rules at catering establishments, preparation technology and storage periods for food products (vegetables, fruits, etc.). Timely identification of patients and carriers of yersiniosis, disinfection of premises.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from open sources

Calling a doctor at home: instructions for parents

In case of a number of alarming symptoms and complaints in a child, it is important to immediately call a doctor at home.Often, his condition is aggravated to a critical one in the shortest possible time. At such moments, the baby’s life hangs “in the balance” and the help of a doctor at the “Serdolik” center in Novosibirsk is needed.

In what cases do you need urgent help from a doctor

There is a rule of “traffic light” – it is determined by the external data of the child. High temperature, called fever – in some cases may indicate a banal response of the body to the introduction of infectious agents. It is worth worrying in the presence of such signs as anxiety, tantrums, lethargy, indifference – the child cannot be reassured, or he is completely indifferent.Here it is important to urgently consult a specialist, especially if the baby cannot swallow. The term “traffic light” is used in the sense that a serious condition is perceived as “red”, a particularly disturbing color. Experienced pediatricians draw the attention of parents to such dangerous symptoms as:

• temperature readings below 35.5 or above 39 degrees;
• the temperature does not decrease for more than 3 days after taking antipyretics;

90,017 shortness of breath – in young children more than 60 breaths, in older children more than 40 per minute;

• heavy breathing, entourage, buzzing sounds, groans, wheezing when inhaling and exiting;
• constant and frequent crying;
• chest retraction;
• retraction of the eyeballs, dry diapers, rare urination.

In this case, it is important to pay attention to the sunken fontanelle in infants, the absence of tears during crying, dry tongue, pallor and dryness of the skin, and also:

• prolonged chills;
• fast pulse – more than 140 beats per minute;
• involuntary muscle twitching, convulsions;
• loss of consciousness, rolling eyes;
• confusion, lethargy, lack of response to questions, words;
• loss of orientation, the child does not recognize those around him.
• lethargy and drowsiness;
• Difficulty with bending the head forward, headaches;
• blood clots in vomit, urine, stools;
• Frequent vomiting with the formation of a strange odor from the mouth;
• prolonged diarrhea;
• pain in the abdomen for more than three hours, pain when pressing on the abdomen;
• swelling in the scrotum, groin.

The listed symptoms or at least one of them should cause concern. You can’t hesitate here, you need to urgently call an ambulance.Parents should categorically forget about such concepts as awkwardness, embarrassment, inconvenience, etc. As a last resort, dial the emergency number and fully describe the situation, down to the smallest details.

ARVI – the most frequent reason for calling an ambulance

Statistics show that in 80% of cases, ambulance doctors come to call a child’s house due to acute respiratory diseases.

Important: ARVI lends itself to preventive measures, which include timely vaccination.

For the prevention of respiratory diseases, it is necessary to avoid contact with a sick person, enrich the baby’s diet, add more natural products, fruits, vegetables, berries, etc.

It is equally important to use multivitamin complexes for prophylaxis, means to stimulate the immune system.

How ARVI develops

After infection, the incubation period begins – it lasts from several hours to several days. Then, after the agents settle and multiply on the mucous membranes, the first symptoms appear:

• weakness and lethargy;
• increase in temperature indicators.

Next comes sneezing, headache, loss of appetite, settled voice, fever (chills). In severe stages, convulsions, vomiting, diarrhea, etc. are possible.

In order to avoid dangerous complications, it is necessary to start using antiviral agents at the first symptoms. The child is shown bed rest, plentiful warm drinks and sparing food – mashed potatoes, juices, light chopped soups, etc. As medications, doctors prescribe drugs that are safe for children, for example, “Cyclovir-3”, which does not contain sucrose.The recovery of babies can occur at any stage of respiratory disease – it all depends on the quality of the immune system and the therapy used.

.