What is normal vaginal discharge. How to identify abnormal discharge. What are the common causes of unusual vaginal secretions. When should you seek medical attention for vaginal discharge. How are different types of vaginal infections treated. What preventive measures can help maintain vaginal health.

The Nature of Vaginal Discharge: What’s Normal and What’s Not

Vaginal discharge is a natural and healthy occurrence in women. It’s primarily composed of fluid and cells shed from the vagina and cervix. However, understanding what constitutes normal discharge and recognizing signs of abnormality is crucial for maintaining vaginal health.

Normal vaginal discharge typically:

• Is clear or white in color
• Has no strong odor
• Varies in consistency and amount throughout the menstrual cycle
• Doesn’t cause itching, soreness, or discomfort

Changes in the amount, color, consistency, or odor of vaginal discharge can indicate an infection or other health issues. It’s important to be aware of your body’s natural patterns and seek medical advice if you notice any sudden or persistent changes.

Factors Affecting Vaginal Discharge

Several factors can influence the nature and amount of vaginal discharge:

• Hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle
• Pregnancy
• Sexual arousal
• Use of contraceptives
• Certain medications
• Stress levels
• Diet and hydration

Understanding these factors can help you better interpret changes in your discharge and determine whether they’re cause for concern.

Common Causes of Abnormal Vaginal Discharge

Abnormal vaginal discharge is often a sign of infection. These infections can be caused by an imbalance in the vagina’s natural flora or can be sexually transmitted. Here are some common causes:

Vaginal Thrush

Thrush is a fungal infection caused by an overgrowth of Candida yeast. It’s characterized by:

• Thick, white discharge resembling cottage cheese
• Intense itching and soreness around the vagina
• Slight yeasty odor
• Redness and swelling of the vulva

Thrush is not sexually transmitted and can be treated with over-the-counter antifungal medications. However, recurrent thrush may require prescription treatment.

Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)

BV is caused by an imbalance in the normal bacteria found in the vagina. Symptoms include:

• Grey or white watery discharge
• Strong fishy odor, especially after sexual intercourse
• No itching or irritation in most cases

BV is not sexually transmitted but can increase the risk of contracting STIs. It’s treated with antibiotics prescribed by a healthcare provider.

Trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by a parasite. It’s characterized by:

• Frothy, yellow or green discharge
• Unpleasant fishy odor
• Soreness, swelling, and itching around the vagina
• Pain during urination

Trichomoniasis requires antibiotic treatment and both partners should be treated to prevent reinfection.

Sexually Transmitted Infections and Vaginal Discharge

Several sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can cause abnormal vaginal discharge. These include:

Chlamydia and Gonorrhea

These bacterial STIs can cause:

• Increased vaginal discharge
• Pelvic pain
• Pain during urination
• Bleeding between periods or after sex

Both infections are treated with antibiotics, but if left untreated, they can lead to serious complications, including pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility.

Genital Herpes

While primarily known for causing genital sores, herpes can also lead to abnormal discharge. Symptoms may include:

• Painful, red blisters or sores around the genitals
• Abnormal vaginal discharge
• Itching or tingling sensation in the genital area

Antiviral medications can help manage herpes symptoms, but the virus remains in the body and can cause recurrent outbreaks.

When to Seek Medical Attention for Vaginal Discharge

While some variations in vaginal discharge are normal, certain symptoms warrant medical attention. You should consult a healthcare provider if you experience:

• A sudden change in the color, consistency, or amount of discharge
• A strong, unpleasant odor
• Itching, burning, or soreness in or around the vagina
• Pain during urination or sexual intercourse
• Unexplained bleeding between periods or after sex
• Fever or abdominal pain accompanying abnormal discharge

Early diagnosis and treatment of vaginal infections can prevent complications and reduce the risk of spreading sexually transmitted infections to partners.

Diagnostic Procedures for Abnormal Vaginal Discharge

When you visit a healthcare provider for abnormal vaginal discharge, they may perform several diagnostic procedures to determine the cause:

Physical Examination

The healthcare provider will visually examine the vagina and cervix for signs of infection or abnormalities. They may use a speculum to get a better view of the vaginal canal and cervix.

Vaginal pH Test

A pH test can help determine if the acidity of the vagina is within the normal range. An elevated pH can indicate bacterial vaginosis or trichomoniasis.

Microscopic Examination

A sample of the discharge may be examined under a microscope to look for:

• Yeast cells (indicating thrush)
• Clue cells (suggesting bacterial vaginosis)
• Trichomonas parasites
• White blood cells (indicating inflammation)

Culture Tests

If a specific infection is suspected, a culture of the discharge may be taken to identify the causative organism and determine the most effective treatment.

STI Testing

If a sexually transmitted infection is suspected, specific tests for chlamydia, gonorrhea, and other STIs may be performed.

Treatment Options for Abnormal Vaginal Discharge

The treatment for abnormal vaginal discharge depends on its underlying cause. Here are some common treatment approaches:

Antifungal Medications

For thrush, antifungal medications are typically prescribed. These may include:

• Over-the-counter creams or suppositories (e.g., clotrimazole, miconazole)
• Prescription oral antifungals (e.g., fluconazole)

Antibiotics

Bacterial infections like bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, chlamydia, and gonorrhea are treated with antibiotics. These may be administered as:

• Oral tablets or capsules
• Topical creams or gels
• Intramuscular injections (in some cases)

Antiviral Medications

For genital herpes, antiviral medications like acyclovir or valacyclovir may be prescribed to manage symptoms and reduce the frequency of outbreaks.

Probiotics

Some healthcare providers may recommend probiotics to help restore the natural balance of bacteria in the vagina, especially after antibiotic treatment.

It’s crucial to complete the full course of any prescribed treatment, even if symptoms improve, to ensure the infection is fully cleared.

Preventive Measures and Vaginal Health Maintenance

Maintaining good vaginal health can help prevent infections and abnormal discharge. Here are some preventive measures:

Hygiene Practices

• Practice good genital hygiene, but avoid douching or using scented products in the vaginal area
• Wipe from front to back after using the toilet
• Wear breathable, cotton underwear
• Change out of wet or sweaty clothes promptly

Sexual Health

• Use condoms during sexual intercourse to reduce the risk of STIs
• Limit the number of sexual partners
• Get regular STI screenings if sexually active

Lifestyle Factors

• Maintain a balanced diet rich in probiotics
• Manage stress levels through relaxation techniques or exercise
• Avoid using antibiotics unnecessarily, as they can disrupt vaginal flora

Regular Check-ups

• Attend regular gynecological check-ups and pap smears
• Discuss any concerns about vaginal health with your healthcare provider

By implementing these preventive measures and maintaining awareness of your body’s normal patterns, you can promote optimal vaginal health and quickly identify any potential issues.

The Impact of Hormonal Changes on Vaginal Discharge

Hormonal fluctuations play a significant role in the characteristics of vaginal discharge throughout a woman’s life. Understanding these changes can help differentiate between normal variations and potential problems.

Menstrual Cycle Variations

The consistency and amount of vaginal discharge typically change throughout the menstrual cycle:

• During menstruation: Menstrual blood replaces normal discharge
• After menstruation: Discharge may be minimal and slightly sticky
• Mid-cycle (ovulation): Discharge becomes clear, slippery, and more abundant
• Before menstruation: Discharge may become thicker and less abundant

Pregnancy-Related Changes

Pregnancy can significantly affect vaginal discharge:

• Increased production of discharge, often called “leukorrhea”
• Typically thin, white, and mild-smelling
• May become more noticeable as pregnancy progresses

While increased discharge during pregnancy is normal, any significant changes in color, odor, or consistency should be reported to a healthcare provider.

Menopause and Postmenopausal Changes

As estrogen levels decline during and after menopause, vaginal discharge often decreases. This can lead to:

• Vaginal dryness
• Thinning of vaginal walls
• Increased susceptibility to infections

Hormone replacement therapy or topical estrogen creams may be recommended to alleviate these symptoms and maintain vaginal health.

Hormonal Contraceptives

The use of hormonal contraceptives can affect vaginal discharge:

• Birth control pills may increase or decrease the amount of discharge
• Some women may experience changes in discharge consistency or color
• Intrauterine devices (IUDs) may initially increase discharge

Any persistent or concerning changes in discharge while using hormonal contraceptives should be discussed with a healthcare provider.

By understanding the impact of hormonal changes on vaginal discharge, women can better interpret their body’s signals and identify potential health issues more accurately. Regular communication with healthcare providers about these changes is key to maintaining optimal reproductive health throughout all life stages.

Vaginal discharge | nidirect

It’s normal and healthy to produce a clear or white discharge from your vagina. This mucus is produced naturally from the neck of the womb, known as the cervix.

How to tell if your discharge is unhealthy 

The amount of vaginal discharge varies throughout your menstrual cycle (brown discharge is usually the end of your period).

Most pregnant women will get a ’pregnancy discharge’.

Healthy discharge doesn’t have a strong smell or colour.

You may feel an uncomfortable wetness, but you shouldn’t have any itching or soreness around your vagina.

Any sudden change to your discharge may suggest a vaginal infection.

You should be aware of how your discharge naturally varies throughout your cycle and what isn’t normal.

However, obvious warning signs of infection are:

• a change in colour or consistency
• a sudden bad smell
• an unusually large amount of discharge
• another symptom alongside the discharge, such as itching outside your vagina or pain in your pelvis or tummy
• unexpected bleeding from the vagina

If you’re not sure whether your discharge is normal and are worried about it, see your GP or practice nurse at your GP surgery.  

• Sexual health

Common causes of abnormal discharge 

There are many possible causes of abnormal vaginal discharge.

However, it’s usually a sign of infection.

The infection is often caused by something that upsets the natural balance of bacteria or yeast in your vagina, such as washing inside the vagina, or it may be sexually transmitted.

The most common causes are:

• thrush – a fungal infection that commonly affects the vagina
• bacterial vaginosis – a bacterial infection of the vagina
• trichomoniasis – a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a tiny parasite
• gonorrhoea or chlamydia – STIs caused by bacteria
• genital herpes – an STI caused by the herpes simplex virus

The information below may help you identify the cause of your discharge.

However, it’s important to see your GP for a proper diagnosis and advice on how to treat the infection.

Watery or white vaginal discharge with intense itchiness 

If your discharge is thin and watery, or thick and white (like cottage cheese), you may have thrush.

This common fungal infection causes intense itchiness and soreness around your vagina.

The discharge may smell slightly yeasty, but doesn’t have a strong smell.

Almost all women get thrush from time to time and it’s not sexually transmitted.

It’s easily treated with anti-fungal medicine, which can be bought over the counter from your pharmacist.

White or grey fishy-smelling discharge 

If your vaginal discharge is grey or develops a strong fishy smell, particularly after sexual intercourse, you could have bacterial vaginosis (BV).

BV is an imbalance in the normal bacteria found in your vagina. 

It doesn’t usually cause itching or irritation.

Like thrush, BV is very common and isn’t sexually transmitted.

It’s easily treated with antibiotics. 

See your GP if you think you might have it.

Green, yellow or frothy discharge 

Trichomoniasis is a common STI caused by a tiny parasite. 

It can make your vaginal discharge frothy, yellow or green.

You may have a lot of discharge, which may also have an unpleasant fishy smell.

Other possible symptoms are soreness, swelling and itching around the vagina, and pain when passing urine.

Trichomoniasis is treated with an antibiotic that your GP can prescribe.

If you are sexually active and if you are unsure about your partner’s sexual history, you risk getting STIs. 

If you have trichomoniasis, you should visit genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinic or sexual health clinic as it can exist alongside other STIs.

Abnormal discharge with pain or bleeding 

See your GP or go to a genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinic as soon as possible if your vaginal discharge is abnormal and you have:

• pain in your pelvis
• pain when you urinate
• bleeding between periods or after sex

You may have chlamydia or gonorrhoea (both STIs).

Gonorrhoea can make your discharge turn green, although often the pain or bleeding are more noticeable.

Both conditions are treated with antibiotics.

You will need to visit a local GUM or sexual health clinic or see your GP.

Untreated gonorrhoea or chlamydia may spread upwards and lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, a serious infection of the womb, fallopian tubes or ovaries.

If you ignore your symptoms you may have problems with fertility and pregnancy as a result of not being treated in time.

Abnormal discharge with blisters around the genitals 

Genital herpes can cause painful, red blisters or sores to appear around your genitals, as well as an abnormal vaginal discharge.

See your GP or go to a genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinic as soon as possible.

You may be offered a course of antiviral tablets, which stop the herpes virus multiplying, but the symptoms may have a tendency to return.

Young girls and post-menopausal women 

It’s unusual for young girls to have abnormal vaginal discharge before they’ve gone through puberty.  

If this happens, they should see a GP. 

A common cause is a type of vulvitis (inflammation of the vulval area), caused by a streptococcal infection.

Abnormal discharge is also unusual in older women.

If you’ve gone through the menopause and suddenly notice an abnormal vaginal discharge, see your doctor as soon as possible.

Possible causes include:

• a sexually transmitted infection (STI)
• cervical polyps – non-cancerous growths in the womb or lining of the cervix (neck of the womb)
• an intrauterine device (IUD)

It’s also important to rule out cervical cancer or endometrial cancer.

Cleaning your vagina 

The vagina is self-cleansing, so there is no need to wash inside it (called douching).

Douching can upset the natural balance of bacteria and fungi in your vagina and lead to thrush or bacterial vaginosis.

Vaginal soreness and abnormal vaginal discharge can also be caused by overusing perfumed soaps, bubble baths and shower gels.

Never clean your vagina with anything strongly perfumed.

Use a mild soap and warm water to gently wash around your genitals.

More useful links

• How to use your health services

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Trichomoniasis – NHS

Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by a parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis (TV).

Symptoms of trichomoniasis

Symptoms of trichomoniasis usually develop within a month of infection.

But up to half of all people will not develop any symptoms (though they can still pass the infection on to others).

The symptoms of trichomoniasis are similar to those of many other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), so it can sometimes be difficult to diagnose.

Symptoms in women

Trichomoniasis in women can cause:

• abnormal vaginal discharge that may be thick, thin or frothy and yellow-green in colour
• producing more discharge than normal, which may also have an unpleasant fishy smell
• soreness, swelling and itching around the vagina – sometimes the inner thighs also become itchy
• pain or discomfort when passing urine or having sex

Symptoms in men

Trichomoniasis in men can cause:

• pain when peeing or during ejaculation
• needing to pee more frequently than usual
• thin, white discharge from the penis
• soreness, swelling and redness around the head of the penis or foreskin

When to get medical advice

See a GP or go to your local sexual health clinic (sometimes called a GUM clinic) if you develop any of the symptoms of trichomoniasis or you think you may be infected.

Trichomoniasis can usually be diagnosed after an examination of the genitals and a laboratory test carried out on a swab taken from the vagina or penis.

If the test shows you have trichomoniasis, it’s important that your current sexual partner and any other recent partners are also tested and treated.

How do you get trichomoniasis?

Trichomoniasis is caused by a parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis.  

In women, this parasite mainly infects the vagina and the urethra (the tube that carries urine out of the body).

In men, the infection most commonly affects the urethra, but the head of the penis or prostate gland – a gland near the bladder that helps produce semen – can become infected in some cases.

The parasite is usually spread by having sex without using a condom.

It could also be spread by sharing sex toys if you do not wash them or cover them with a new condom before use.

You do not have to have many sexual partners to catch trichomoniasis. Anyone who’s sexually active can catch it and pass it on.

Trichomoniasis is not thought to be passed on through oral or anal sex.

You also cannot pass on trichomoniasis through:

• kissing or hugging
• sharing cups, plates or cutlery
• toilet seats

The best way to prevent trichomoniasis is to have safe sex. This means always using a condom when having sex, covering any sex toys you use with a condom, and washing sex toys after use.

Treating trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis is unlikely to go away without treatment, but it can be effectively treated with antibiotics.

Most men and women are treated with an antibiotic called metronidazole, which is usually taken twice a day for 5 to 7 days.

It’s important to complete the whole course of antibiotics and avoid having sex until the infection clears up to prevent reinfection.

Your current sexual partner and any other recent partners should also be treated.

Complications of trichomoniasis

Complications of trichomoniasis are rare, although some women with the infection may be at an increased risk of further problems.

If you’re infected with trichomoniasis while you’re pregnant, the infection may cause your baby to be born prematurely or have a low birthweight.

Page last reviewed: 03 November 2021
Next review due: 03 November 2024

SP5152 – Air Conditioner Foam Cleaner – StepUp

SP5152 / 510g

AIR CONDITIONER CLEANER & DISINFECTANT

Where can I buy

Buy at AMAG. RU

Designed for professional cleaning and disinfection of evaporators and air ducts of car air conditioners.

In the evaporators of automobile air conditioners, contaminants and dangerous microorganisms accumulate over time, provoking respiratory diseases in humans.

There is an unpleasant smell in the passenger compartment.

Cleaner SP5152 quickly, economically and without dismantling will eliminate harmful microorganisms accumulated in the evaporator (bacteria, spores, mold, viruses, fungi and others).

Disinfection cleaning of car air conditioner evaporators must be carried out at least once a year.

This procedure is usually carried out at service stations, but it is also possible for car owners themselves.

After cleaning with SP5152, a stable protective disinfecting film is formed on the surfaces of the air conditioner evaporator, which will prevent the accumulation and reproduction of microorganisms for a long time. At the same time, the musty smell is also eliminated and the channels are cleaned.

After cleaning, the air conditioner delivers impeccably clean and fresh air. Comfort and freshness are restored in the cabin.

It is recommended to use the professional SP5152 Air Conditioner Foam Cleaner once a year and the SP5150N Car Air Conditioner Freshener twice a year, especially during virus season.

To apply the compound, the SP5154K extension hose must be purchased, which can be reused after cleaning with water.

APPLICATION:

1. Locate the drain tube to drain the condensate from the A/C evaporator inside the vehicle or using a lift/peephole.
2. Remove the cabin filter if the ventilation system is equipped with one.
3. Insert the SP5154K extension hose into the drain tube as far as it will go (the extension hose must rest against the evaporator). Shake the bottle of SP5152 Cleaner well and connect it to the SP5154K Extension Hose.
4. While holding the can upright, press the valve and release 1/2 of the compound from the can. It is more efficient to make several treatments in one procedure (to increase the time of interaction of the composition with contaminants) than to immediately download the entire contents of the cylinder.
5. The foam will envelop the evaporator cells, go through the channels, but will not get into the cabin.
6. Remove the extension hose from the condensate drain tube and place a container under it to drain the dirt.
7. Wait 15 minutes for the foam to settle and drain out of the vehicle through the A/C drain (if dirty fluid drains into the drain pan, repeat cleaning).
8. Start the engine.

When processing , it is imperative to turn on the air conditioning mode , since in many machines the dampers open only when the air conditioner is turned on. Otherwise there will be no recirculation .

9. Turn on the air conditioner, adjust the position of the air conditioning mode switches:
• set the fan speed control to the “middle” position;
• air intake regulator – to the “closed system” position (recirculation mode) to prevent dust from entering;
• damper position regulator – in the “face – legs” mode;
• temperature controller – to the “low temperature” position.
• Run the system for 15 minutes with the car doors or windows open.
• Set the temperature control to the “high temperature” position to dry out the air ducts and stop the engine after 15 minutes.
• Install the cabin air filter.

Important: SP5152 should only be used at a temperature of at least +10 °C to form condensate in the system, which dissolves and drains the foam into the drain channel. In the cold season, SP5152 can be used in a warm room.

Warning: The SP5152 is not suitable for ductwork! The dried composition is removed with a napkin with water.

When first cleaning a used car’s musty smelling A/C system, it is recommended to add the SP5150N A/C freshener to freshen up and decontaminate the air in the car’s air conditioning system. When using the SP5150N air conditioner freshener, doors and windows must be closed to treat the entire interior.

In case of contact with skin, wash with soap and water, in case of contact with eyes, rinse with plenty of water and seek medical advice. If swallowed, do not induce vomiting, seek medical attention immediately. Wash your hands with soap after using the product. The used cylinder is disposed of as household waste.

KEEP IN A COOL DARK PLACE! KEEP OUT OF THE REACH OF CHILDREN!

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Wash selection

Technical aerosols and industrial chemicals

About the company

Company TechAerosol is an importer and distributor of technical aerosols, chemicals and industrial solutions from Europe.

As a distributor of many international manufacturers, we quickly and efficiently process applications for chemical products, carry out projects for the supply of tools and industrial solutions to enterprises in many segments: from the food industry to factories related to electronics; services, seaports, installation services and many others.

Thanks to transport companies, we promptly deliver products throughout Russia.

We are trusted by: RosAtom structures, the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, Kamaz PJSC, Severstal, Ilim Group OJSC, Klimov JSC, Power Machines PJSC, Petersburg Tractor Plant, Rusal, VGTRK, contractors of the Lakhta Center tower.

Our company is the exclusive distributor of PRF technical aerosols of the Finnish company Taerosol Oy, which has been producing technical aerosols for 50 years. PRF for industrial and electronic applications.

Your benefits when working with us

TechAerosol – technical aerosols, chemistry and industrial solutions from brands:

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Certificates

The products offered by us guarantee you the receipt of the original product, issued in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. Upon request, you can be provided with all the necessary certificates.

Taerosol Oy’s PRF products are ISO 9001 Quality Management System, ISO 14001 Environmental Management System and ISO 22716 (GMP) Cosmetics Management Certified by DNV (Det Norske Veritas).

The PRF range includes lubricants with food approval h2, 3H, registered by InS. These products can be used in all food, dairy and brewing industries.

Delivery and payment

Place an order

You can place your order in the following ways:
– send an order to the sales department by e-mail to: sale@techaerosol. ru
– call the sales department by phone +7 (812) 908-80-81
– select a product in the electronic catalog of the site and place an order through the “Basket” section
– through the feedback in the “Contacts” section

Payment methods

We work only with legal entities. Payment – non-cash bank transfer.

Send us your company details with your order, the sales department will issue you an invoice and send it by e-mail.

Delivery methods

– delivery in Russia TK “Business Lines” (calculated by the manager)
Free delivery to the terminal in St. Petersburg

– collection from the pickup point (prior approval is required)
You pick up the goods yourself from our warehouse at the address: St. 1st floor

– delivery by courier in St. Petersburg up to 3 kg – 350 rubles (until 14:00 – the next day; after 14:00 – the next day).
Please note that delivery is carried out from 10-00 to 18-00 on weekdays.
Other delivery terms are calculated by the manager separately.

– delivery by courier company CDEK
Possible to almost all cities of Russia: St. Petersburg, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Kaluga, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Orel, Bryansk, Tver, Vologda, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, etc.

– if you want to use other payment or delivery options for your order, please contact us.

All goods are checked for integrity before shipment and are accompanied by all necessary documents

Prices and discounts

The catalog contains ruble retail prices per piece including VAT. For terms of obtaining wholesale prices, additional discounts and other changes in the standard settlement scheme, please contact [email protected] or call +7 (812) 908-80-81

Contacts

+7 (812) 908-80-81	Our details	Official dealer in Kazakhstan
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