We Answer Your FAQs About Sinus Pressure and Sinus Infections

The pain, facial pressure and congestion of sinus pressure and sinus infections  affect more than 26.9 million Americans– roughly 11 percent of adults, according to the Centers for Disease Control. 

Most sinus infections, also called sinusitis, do not need to be treated with antibiotics, and will usually go away within 7-10 days. 

But those 7-10 days can make you miserable.

One of the most annoying symptoms is the sinus pressure around the eyes, head and cheeks. Fortunately, there are several home remedies and medications that can help provide relief.

We’ll take a look at the causes of sinus pressure and infections, how to relieve your discomfort, and answer some of your most frequently asked questions. 

What causes sinus pressure?

The throbbing pain you feel when bending over when you have a sinus infection is caused by a buildup of fluid around the sinus cavities. Inflammation blocks the narrow sinus passages, making it difficult for fluid to drain. As a result, bacteria or viruses develop and cause an infection.

What are five ways to relieve sinus pressure?

Some of the most effective home remedies include:

1. A WARM COMPRESS

Putting a warm compress on your forehead and over your nose helps open the sinus passages to reduce the swelling.

2. SALINE NOSE SPRAY

A nose spray or nasal irrigation helps wash away germs and allergens that are causing swelling. The saline acts as a humidifier and helps sinus mucus move so it can drain.

3. STEAM FROM A HOT SHOWER OR A BOWL OF HOT WATER

By inhaling steam, you can reduce swelling, which in turn will alleviate pressure.

4. A HUMIDIFIER OR VAPORIZER

Keeping your environment moist can help your sinus passages open. Be sure to keep your humidifier or vaporizer clean.

5. OVER-THE-COUNTER MEDICATIONS

A variety of OTC medications can help relieve the discomfort associated with sinus pressure, particularly acetaminophen, ibuprofen or naproxen; however, be sure you check to ensure that they won’t react with any prescription medicines or natural remedies that you may be taking. Be sure to follow the dosing instructions carefully.

While decongestants like pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine may help with congestion, you should always check with one of our providers or your pharmacist to be sure these are safe to take with any medications or herbal remedies you are currently taking.

It’s important to realize that certain medications like Afrin may cause immediate relief, but can actually cause “rebound” stuffiness, so it’s best to limit your use of this OTC medication.

What causes a sinus infection?

Sinusitis (or a sinus infection)  is typically caused by a virus. When the sinuses are irritated, they swell, trapping fluid within the sinus cavity. This creates a perfect breeding ground for germs.

A sinus infection can be also caused by several different things including:

• Seasonal allergies
• A deviated septum: The septum is the part of the nose that divides it into right and left nostrils. Some people have crooked or deviated septums, which makes them more susceptible to sinus infections.
• Nasal polyps
• Respiratory tract infections

Sinus infections may be acute (lasting for a shorter period of time) or chronic (recurring for several months).

Sometimes it can be difficult to tell if you have a sinus infection or allergy problems.  

What are the symptoms of a sinus infection?

Common signs of a sinus infection include:

• Facial pain
• Headaches 
• Congestion and a runny nose
• Sore throat
• Post nasal drip
• Coughing
• Exhaustion
• Bad breath

What is the long-term relief for sinus infections?

Sinus infections are primarily caused by allergies. The most common allergens are pollen, dust mites and pet dander. Those with repeated sinus infections may have chronic sinusitis, which means long-term solutions may be a better option.

Immunotherapy can help. These allergy shots enable your body to decrease sensitivity to common allergens. The Raleigh sinus doctors at Raleigh Adult Medicine specialize in helping patients with chronic allergy and sinus problems. While immunotherapy is effective, the treatment can take as long as one year to achieve noticeable results and maintenance treatment will likely be needed.

To find out if you’re a candidate for immunotherapy, schedule an appointment with one of our internal medicine doctors. We would welcome the opportunity to serve you. 

How Does Nasal Irrigation Help Alleviate Sinus Pressure?

The Raleigh-Durham area frequently makes headlines as one of the best places to live in the U.S. However, it’s not all a bed of roses — chronic sinusitis and seasonal allergy problems are some of the unfortunate byproducts of Carolina living.

The good news is there are several home remedies, such as nasal irrigation, that can relieve sinus pressure and help eliminate sinusitis symptoms.

How does nasal irrigation help your sinuses?

Nasal irrigation helps relieve sinus congestion. It reduces inflammation, which is one of the main causes of blocked sinuses. These blocked sinuses allow mucus build up that creates a perfect environment for bacteria and viruses to flourish. By clearing the sinuses of mucus, they can drain properly, providing relief. In addition, nasal irrigations can also help remove small allergens that contribute to sinusitis symptoms.

There are a few important things to consider when using a saline canister or neti pot to rinse your sinuses:

• Be sure to follow directions that came with the product.
• If you decide to make your own saline rinse, be sure to use sterile water. Failure to do so could introduce harmful bacteria into your nasal passages.
• If you use a neti pot, be sure to clean it with sterile, contaminant-free water.
• Do NOT use tap water for any nasal irrigation unless you have some way of sterilizing it.
• Replace your equipment. Just like you should replace your toothbrush periodically, you should likewise replace your nasal irrigation equipment.
• Using irrigation methods such as a neti pot can be frustrating at first. Be patient. It takes practice. Any of our internal medicine physicians will be glad to help.

Remember: No antibiotics unless absolutely necessary!

There’s one more important aspect to treating sinusitis, sinus pressure or other nasal problems. Most of these are caused by viruses, which have to “run their course.” If you are reasonably healthy, your body does a great job of fighting these viruses on its own.

In fact, 85 percent of sinus infections go away on their own after one-to-two weeks, according to information from Harvard Medical School.

Antibiotics should only be used for an infection, and only your Raleigh sinus doctor can accurately determine whether you have a bacterial infection or a virus. Overuse of antibiotics can create bacteria that are resistant to treatment.  

According to the Centers for Disease Control, every year, two million Americans are infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Of those two million, at least 23,000 people die.

How Do You Know if You Need Antibiotics?

Antibiotics may be needed if:

• There is a thick, colorful discharge coming from the nose.
• You’ve experienced facial pain for more than 10 days.
• Your condition improved but then got worse.
• You have facial tenderness (particularly around the nose or eyes).
• You have dental pain.

If your sinus problem is caused by a virus, you may be contagious. 

At Raleigh Adult Medicine, we’re dedicated to only using antibiotics when absolutely necessary.  If you have sinus problems, the following can help you feel better:

• Irrigate your nasal passages utilizing the information in this article
• Drink lots of water
• Get plenty of rest
• Apply a warm compress to your face
• Use a humidifier
• Breathe vapor from a bowl of hot water
• Take a hot shower
• Help your sinuses drain by sleeping with your head elevated

Whether or not your sinus infection is contagious depends upon its underlying cause.  

Our Raleigh internal medicine physicians are always available to answer any questions you may have. Ask us about sinus relief, including which nasal irrigation system is the right choice for you.

When Should You See a Doctor About Sinus Pressure or Sinus Problems?

Spring and autumn are meant to be celebrated. But for millions of Americans, these seasons spell misery, resulting in chronic allergy problems, colds and even the possibility of a sinus infection.

If allergies plague you throughout the year, it’s time to do something about it.

When is it time to visit the doctor? Any time you’re having problems with your sinuses that are affecting your day-to-day life. We want to create an individual treatment plan to provide relief—particularly if medication isn’t making the situation much better.

When You Should Schedule an Appointment with Our Internal Medicine Physicians in Raleigh?

A visit to the doctor is particularly important if:

• You have chronic sinus problems throughout the year.
• Your sinus issues keep you from doing the things that you enjoy.
• You develop frequent sinus infections that require antibiotic treatment.
• You’ve found that over-the-counter medication doesn’t relieve your symptoms.

What is the difference between a chronic and an acute sinus infection?

While the signs and symptoms of both chronic and acute sinusitis are very similar, chronic sinus infections last for at least 12 weeks.

During chronic sinusitis, the nasal passages remain swollen and inflamed despite several treatment attempts or use of over-the-counter medication. Acute sinusitis is a temporary infection that is most likely associated with a cold or virus.

If you have a chronic sinus infection, it’s time to schedule an appointment with one of our doctors.

Why Are Our Internal Medicine Physicians in Raleigh the Best Choice for Sinus Infection Treatment?

Our physicians concentrate on the entire body, paying careful attention to how its systems interact. This gives our internists a deeply focused perspective on not only alleviating symptoms, but prescribing a form of treatment to help relieve your chronic allergies.

Often, treatment begins with determining if your chronic sinus problems are caused by allergies and if so, what substance is causing the irritation. In this case, allergy testing can provide vital information.

Allergies can be treated with prescription or over-the-counter medication. However, if you have chronic problems, you should consider immunotherapy, which is sometimes referred to as “allergy shots.”

You don’t have to be miserable with chronic allergies, sinus pressure and sinus infections. Schedule an appointment with us so we can treat your sinus problems and provide the relief you need. 

10 home remedies and treatments

A person can treat sinus pressure with medication, but home remedies such as steam inhalation and saline irrigation may also help ease symptoms and speed recovery.

A type of skin called mucous membrane lines the sinuses. This membrane protects the body by producing mucus, which catches dirt and other particles that might otherwise cause illness.

The lining of the sinuses can swell if a person has an allergic reaction or infection. Swelling may lead to a feeling of pressure around the nose, cheeks, and above the eyes. These areas of the face may feel painful or tender.

Infections or allergies can lead to uncomfortable pressure in the sinuses. Clearing the nose can help to ease this symptom.

Below are natural alternatives to over-the-counter (OTC) medications for sinus pressure.

Steroid nasal sprays can help reduce inflammation in the nasal passages. Many of these sprays are available OTC.

Decongestant and saline nasal sprays may also help people treat sinus pressure at home.

People should consult a doctor if they have preexisting conditions such as high blood pressure to help them choose a nasal spray that will not interact with their medications or condition.

Learn more about the types of nasal decongestants here.

Dry air can irritate the mucous membrane and dry out the sinuses. While drying out excess mucus might seem like a good solution, the arid air will worsen the irritation and sinus pressure.

Humidifiers and vaporizers add water into the air. A person breathes in the humid air, and it helps moisturize the delicate skin lining the sinuses. Moist air can also help to thin out and loosen mucus.

Both machines release moisture, but they do so a bit differently: A humidifier blows out cool, moist vapor, while a vaporizer heats the water to release a warm mist.

Learn more about the differences between humidifiers and vaporizers here.

The increased humidity is especially helpful in bedrooms and any place a person spends a great amount of time. Sleeping in a room while one of these devices is running can help relieve sinus pressure and may reduce congestion upon waking up.

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Some people use neti pots to rinse out the nose, which helps keep the mucous membrane moist and relieve pressure in the sinuses. The device looks like a small pot with a long spout.

A person can use a neti pot by:

• washing the hands
• filling the pot with sterile water
• leaning directly over a sink
• tilting the head sideways
• inserting the spout gently into the highest nostril
• breathing through the mouth
• pouring water into the nostril

Water will run from one nostril to the other, which should flush out pollen, bacteria, and other debris. A person should repeat this process on both nostrils.

It is essential for people to use sterile or distilled water, which can be bought at a drugstore, not tap water. Alternately, a person can boil water and allow it to cool.

Learn more about neti pots here.

Rinsing nasal passages with a saline solution can help reduce irritation and inflammation in the nose.

A saline solution can easily be made at home using sterile water, salt, and baking soda. Combine the following ingredients:

• one-quarter pint of clean water
• one-quarter teaspoon (tsp) of salt
• one-quarter tsp of baking soda

People can sniff this into the nose from cupped palms, one nostril at a time. A person can also use a syringe to squirt a solution into their nostrils.

Studies show that saline irrigation can help to reduce symptoms of hayfever.

Using steam to open the passages in the nose can help relieve sinus pressure.

Steam inhalation is straightforward for people to do at home. Boil water, pour it into a large bowl, and lean over, so the face is directly above the water. Cover the head with a towel, and breathe through the nose.

People should not breathe directly over a steaming kettle or boiling pot of water. The steam can burn skin.

Baths and showers

A person can skip the boiling water and turn on the shower instead. Hot showers and baths create steam that can quickly fill a room. This steam helps moisturize the air, and when a person breathes it in, it moistens their sinus passages.

The extra moisture can ease irritation in the sinuses and thin out mucus so clearing the sinuses is easier.

Acupressure involves applying pressure to specific points in the body to relieve pain or symptoms of illness. Scientists are not clear on whether acupressure works, but it may ease some symptoms.

Many people claim that acupressure can treat colds, types of flu, and sinus problems. A person may perform acupressure at home, but can also go to a practitioner.

Learn about different pressure points for sinus pain relief here.

Any time a person is unwell, it is essential to keep the body hydrated. Proper hydration can help to keep the mucus membranes of the nasal passages moist and working correctly.

While all liquids can help a person stay hydrated, The 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend people prioritize consuming plain water over flavored beverages and juices.

Learn more about the benefits of hydration here.

Applying heat to the sinus area can also help to relieve pressure. One of the easiest ways to do this is using a warm washcloth.

Run a clean washcloth under reasonably hot water and wring it out. Fold it, and lay it across the bridge of the nose and cheeks for a few minutes.

Many people claim that essential oils can help relieve symptoms of sinus congestion. Essential oils are natural oils that people extract from plants.

Studies show that some essential oils can have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. However, most support for the use of essential oils in treating sinus pressure is anecdotal, and research in the field is lacking.

Popular oils for the treatment of sinus inflammation include peppermint and eucalyptus oils. People can use these essential oils by adding small drops to a steam bath or a diffuser.

Learn more about essential oils for sinus congestion here.

Sleep can help ease sinus pressure for several reasons. First, rest is important to help a body heal and speed up recovery. Secondly, the body produces more white blood cells during sleep. These cells are essential for eliminating any viruses or bacteria that could be causing irritated sinuses and sinus pressure.

A person with sinus pressure may find sleep more comfortable if they prop themselves up. They can use extra pillows behind the head or upper back to achieve this.

Sleeping while propped up may help mucus move through the nasal passages and sinuses, and prevents a stuffy nose from disrupting sleep. On the other hand, lying flat may lead to additional pressure and mucus buildup.

Learn more about methods of sleeping with nasal congestion here.

These home remedies for sinus pressure can help reduce symptoms and make breathing easier in time. But it is important that a person does not set back recovery by doing certain things. These include:

• Breathing dry air: Dry air, like that of saunas, may irritate the sinuses and prolong recovery.
• Breathing in chemicals: Cleaning agents like bleach and chlorine can irritate sinuses on a typical day. They may aggravate sinuses even more if they’re inflamed already.
• Blowing too hard: If a person’s sinus passages feel stopped up, they can try to remove some of the mucus by blowing their nose. Individuals need to be careful not to blow too hard. Too much pressure can be painful and actually increase pressure.
• Flying while sick: It is not uncommon for people to experience increased sinus pressure after flying. Most sinus pressure from flying will ease in a matter of hours after landing. But if a person with an upper respiratory infection or sinus infection flies, they may experience even more sinus pressure from the flight because their sinuses are already irritated. Rearranging the flight until the infection clears is recommended.

If caused by an infection, such as sinusitis, the pressure should go away within a few weeks.

If an allergy is the cause, sinus pressure may come and go. Taking antihistamines before coming into contact with an allergen, such as grass or pet fur, can prevent sinus pressure.

The natural remedies above can help to relieve sinus pressure and related discomfort. They can also help to speed recovery.

However, home remedies may not always work. If an infection has not gone away following home treatment, people should consult a doctor.

Engine oil pressure. Diagnosis and method of its increase.

For reliable operation of the engine, sufficient oil pressure must be ensured in the lubrication system. There is a warning lamp or gauge on the instrument panel of the car that indicates the condition of the oil pressure in the engine. If the oil pressure warning light comes on when the engine is running at idle and stays on when the engine is running at high speed, this is an alarm. It is required to stop, turn off the engine and find out the cause of the low pressure, further operation of the engine is unacceptable, as this can lead to its breakdown (the engine “knocks”) and further overhaul.

Self check of the engine lubrication system

1. Raise the hood, there is no need to check the engine oil level immediately, the oil must drain into the crankcase, it takes some time. For now, look for fresh oil leaks on the motor, if the oil sump is damaged (if there is no “crankcase protection”).

2. If oil is leaking from the crankcase, try sealing it temporarily. To do this, use improvised materials, such as: a piece of rubber, a rag, adhesive tape, a wooden wedge, etc.

3. Check that oil is not leaking from the oil filter gasket, which may be damaged or simply need to be tightened. Be careful not to burn yourself on hot engine parts, so it is better to work with gloves.

4. Use a dipstick to check the engine oil level, it should be between MIN and MAX. If there is not enough oil, then add it. Use the same oil for topping up that is filled into the engine.

5. Start the engine. If the oil pressure lamp goes out, then you are lucky, you can go. If not, then further diagnosis is required.

6. Now you should check the health of the oil pressure sensor itself. Unscrew it from the engine and screw in a mechanical oil pressure gauge instead (instructions for diagnosing with these devices are given below). If the pressure at an idle speed is more than 0.65 kgf / cm2 and increases with an increase in speed, then the sensor itself should be replaced or its electrical circuit checked.

7. All that they could check on their own – they did it, if the lamp flashes, then you need to contact a car service for a complete diagnosis of the engine and possible repairs.

Main functions of engine oil

Reduces friction and wear of engine parts. Sealing the tightness of the above-piston space at the point of contact of the piston rings with the cylinder walls.

• Creation of pressure in lubricated units and devices with a hydraulic drive (chain tensioners, hydraulic compensators). Heat removal from pistons, plain bearings and other parts.
• Engine corrosion protection.
• Prevention of carbon deposits and varnish deposits.
• Neutralization of acids formed during oil oxidation and fuel combustion.
• Prevention of deposits in the crankcase, oil lines, etc.

How the engine lubrication system works

The pump sucks oil through the intake pipe from the crankcase and delivers it through the oil filter to the main line. From it, through the channels in the block, oil enters the main bearings of the crankshaft. Lubrication of connecting rod bearings is most often organized through the main journals along the channels connecting them to the connecting rod bearings.

The bottom end of the connecting rod usually has holes to spray oil onto the cylinder liner walls. In the grooves of the oil scraper rings there are drainage holes for draining oil.
A vertical lubrication channel branches off the main line, from where oil is supplied to the camshaft support bearing, rocker axles and hydraulic valve compensators.

Control valves are provided in the lubrication system. There is an overpressure valve (reducing valve) on the discharge side of the oil pump. It works when the pressure in the lubrication system exceeds a certain critical level (usually 4-5 bar) and dumps part of the oil from the pump outlet to the inlet. When a bypass valve is built directly into the system (more often it is located in the replacement filter housing). The valve opens when the filter is clogged, directing unfiltered oil with wear products into the system.

An emergency oil pressure switch is provided to signal dangerously low pressure in the lubrication circuit. More often it is located on the cylinder block next to the oil filter, sometimes on the block head housing.

Wear of engine bearings

Often the reason for the loss of oil pressure in the engine is the wear of the engine bearings, especially the crank mechanism. The pressure in the lubrication system is created by the oil pump. The pressure that develops is determined by the hydraulic resistance of the oil line. It sounds tricky, but to put it simply, it means that the easier the oil flows out of the lubrication system, the less pressure will be created in it and vice versa.

In a serviceable motor, the clearances in the crankshaft bearings are 0.03-0.08 mm. On the one hand, they provide a normal lubrication regime, in which a sufficient amount of oil penetrates between the shaft journal and the liner to create the so-called oil wedge (thanks to it, the rubbing parts withstand high mechanical loads with little damage to themselves). On the other hand, small gaps prevent oil having a high viscosity from flowing out of the inner cavity of the bearing.

As the bearings wear, the clearances increase, sometimes by several times. Oil begins to actively seep out of the system, which leads to a decrease in pressure (the “oil pressure” light on the dashboard lights up or starts flashing). This effect is especially acute on a “hot” engine, when the oil viscosity is minimal (oil fluidity increases). In such cases, they say that “the bearings do not hold oil.”

Oil pump wear

If the oil pressure rises too slowly, a knock or even a rumble is heard when starting a cold engine. The reasons are hidden in a low oil level, or in the wear of the oil pump, main bearings or failure of the relief valve. The same sound signals accompany the operation of the engine with the wrong oil or oil filter.

The wear of the crankshaft bearings is a trouble that does not go alone, but entails other troubles. A decrease in pressure in the lower part of the lubrication system leads to oil starvation of the rubbing parts in the block head and in the hydraulic compensators (an iron clatter appears under the valve cover and the valves begin to “hang”). So soon they will have to be repaired. Detecting this process in time and taking action means saving on spare parts and repairs.

Why measure oil pressure when the engine has a pressure sensor? The fact is that the sensor is triggered when the pressure has dropped to an emergency level, when it is already “too late to drink Borjomi”. Sometimes the sensors are junk and it is also necessary to check them. Even in cases where a pointer device is installed on the dashboard, it should be borne in mind that it is of the so-called indicator type and its readings can be trusted with great reservation.

Evaluation of the state of the engine and gearbox oil system

To measure the oil pressure in the engine, special manometers IDM-1 or a simpler analogue TU-12 are used. The oil pressure diagnostic itself is usually carried out through the standard threaded hole of the oil pressure sensor (the device is screwed in instead of it).

Engine datasheets list oil pressure data. The RPMs at which measurements should be taken are also indicated. Unless otherwise stated, measurements should be made at idle speed. The measurement results are influenced by the temperature of the oil, which determines its fluidity. It is recommended that the engine oil pressure be measured at engine operating temperature (oil temperature around 80°C).

To decipher the test results, you can use the reference table given in the article. If additional checks have shown that, with serviceable parts of the lubrication system, the oil pressure in the engine is close to the lower limit or less than it, then it is time to send the engine for overhaul.

Engine oil pressure measurements

1. Warm up the engine to normal thermal condition, estimated from crankcase oil temperature (more than 60 degrees C).
2. With the engine off, remove the oil pressure switch.
3. Connect a pressure gauge with hose instead of the oil pressure gauge (if necessary, use the appropriate adapter from the kit with the appropriate thread) to the engine system or transmission.
4. Start the engine and take readings at various crankshaft speeds recommended in the engine passport with stabilized pressure gauge needle readings.
5. Stop the engine and wait for the pressure to drop to zero, or release the pressure with the reset button under the gauge, disconnect the tester from the engine and reconnect the oil pressure gauge.
6. Evaluate the condition of the oil system by comparing the obtained results with the values ​​given in the engine data sheet or reference literature.

Engine datasheets list oil pressure data. The RPMs at which measurements should be taken are also indicated. Unless otherwise specified, measurements should be made at idle speed. The measurement results are influenced by the temperature of the oil, which determines its fluidity. Measurement is recommended to be made at engine operating temperature. After diagnostics by the IDM-1 indicator, a conclusion is made about the engine’s operability.

Hypotension Diagnostic Manual
Malfunction	Cause	Remedy
Reduced oil pressure in the lower engine speed range Increased oil pressure at crankshaft speeds over 2000 rpm	Pressure control valve stuck open due to contamination Safety valve does not open due to contamination	Remove and inspect valve Valve remove and check
Reduced oil pressure over the entire engine speed range	Too little oil in the engine. Dirty oil intake screen, broken oil intake tube	Add oil to the engine Remove the oil sump, clean the mesh, if necessary, replace the pipe
	Worn oil pump	Remove, check, replace if required
	Engine bearing wear	Repair engine

90 003

The use of auto chemicals to increase oil pressure

It is not always necessary to make an “overhaul” of the engine if the diagnostics show wear on the bearings of the main or connecting rod journals. Sometimes it is enough to treat the engine with our protective and restorative preparation EDIAL for the Engine. With non-critical wear (when the oil pressure light only blinked), its use will restore the worn surfaces of the liners and crankshaft journals, optimize the gaps between them, which will show an increase in oil pressure.

The use of the friction modifier EDIAL will also significantly increase the life of engine parts. Due to oil starvation, the hydraulic lifters begin to “knock” (the clatter under the valve cover is clearly audible). Our modifier EDIAL for the engine will also cope well with this disease. Usually, the knocking disappears within 15-20 minutes after the additive is poured into the engine oil system.

Often, when using oil additives from other manufacturers (additives that create additional films between friction surfaces), an illusion of increasing oil pressure is created (the “oil pressure” light on the instrument panel stops flashing). The one who applied such autochemistry thinks that an additional protective film has turned out between the liners and the crankshaft journals, and this is just an additive that has enveloped the surfaces of the oil channels and reduced their diameter. The oil pump pumping the same amount of oil over a smaller diameter showed an increase in pressure. With the frequent use of such additives, there is a high probability of reducing the oil supply to the CV necks and liners, which can lead to oil starvation and engine overhaul.

The use of EDIAL friction modifier for the engine is safer for the engine and has an increased resource (50,000 – 100,000 km of car run) and does not depend on an oil change.

Heating Pressure Relief Safety Valve – Installing a Relief Valve

Entire groups and individual safety elements are not uncommon in various systems. Autonomous closed-type heating networks are no exception. Indeed, during their construction and installation, a relief valve is used for heating. Let us consider in detail the nuance of using and installing a security element. Read and you will know the main types and design features of devices. We will also talk about malfunctions and how to fix them.

Safety relief valve for autonomous heating system

General information

Homeowners mainly create autonomous heating networks. After the construction of the heating system, the circuit begins to be filled with water, which has an initial temperature of approximately 16 ° C. Through the network, the heat transfer fluid begins to move along a closed ring. She regularly returns to the boiler, where she constantly heats up. As a result, the hot medium gradually increases in volume and has a positive effect on the increase in pressure, which destroys pipelines from the inside and instrument elements.

The following negative consequences of an increase in the standard pressure value exceeding 3.65 bar are noted:

• rupture or only damage to polymeric compounds;
• equipment electrical short circuit;
• pipe leaks;
• explosion of boiler equipment.

Consequences after the explosion of household boiler equipment

One of the biggest risks is solid fuel heat generating installations. After all, it is difficult to regulate the required heat transfer in them compared to boilers that run on gas and electricity. Although the latest products include a security group. It is she who makes them more attractive, as she is able to turn off most of the elements when there is a significant increase in temperature and pressure above acceptable values.

Note! The safety group for gas and electricity heat generators is placed by the manufacturers in the building. Therefore, it is not even visible from the outside.

At the same time, in a solid fuel boiler, the combustion intensity is adjusted in most cases by a damper. Its operator must be periodically opened, and then, if necessary, covered. This is not a convenient way for a person to adjust the intensity of combustion. Moreover, this option is absolutely not suitable for an inexperienced operator, since for him it poses a high danger.

In a solid fuel boiler, the damper must be opened and closed to adjust the intensity of combustion. It changes over time. For this reason, an already very hot liquid can become even hotter.

Note! Burning in the combustion chamber, coal in most cases is very well heated. Strongly hot fuel will bring the liquid to the desired temperature and then you will have to limit the access of oxygen. This will cause the flame to go out.

Even if the fire in the red-hot furnace compartment of a solid fuel boiler disappears, the heated walls will still be sources of a decent amount of heat. For this reason, the coolant will begin to boil. The effect occurs even at a temperature of 93 °C. The result of such a process is steam, which will appear in large quantities as a result of exposure to high temperature. So the pressure is bound to rise.

In solid fuel boiler equipment, water boils even without fire, if the furnace surfaces are heated to at least 93°C

These boilers cannot be without one of the options for a relief valve for heating. After all, it is an emergency product. At the right moment, when the pressure indicator reaches a critical value, a damper will work for it. It will open and the steam will freely come out. As soon as the pressure indicator returns to normal, the valve flap returns to its original positions. After that, the whole process is repeated. In other words, the valve is always in standby mode.

Important! The installation of a safety valve in the heating system is always carried out if the heat generator is a boiler unit. This is not affected by the type of fuel used. The heat generating plant can be, for example, steam or coal. Wall-mounted units on gas or electricity are equipped with such a safety element at the design stage and must be completed when they are manufactured.

Factory installed safety valve on the boiler unit

Closed-loop hydraulic system with heated fluid is exactly where this unit is supposed to be. In such a circuit, the device is mounted together with an expansion tank. Very often it is combined into a boiler safety group, which also has an air vent and a pressure gauge.

Excess pressure relief device is considered by most ordinary users and the vast majority of specialists to be the most common and frequently encountered valves for hydraulic heating systems. However, not everyone knows about the features of this device.

Valve types

Any critical pressure relief device in heating networks consists of essential parts. So, the device includes shut-off valves. One part of it is the saddle, and the other is the shutter. The safety device also includes a sensor. It responds to force.

One component of the excess pressure relief valve is a shut-off valve, and the second is a sensor

One component of the excess pressure relief valve is the shut-off valve, and the second is the sensor

The emergency device itself has 4 main varieties, differing:

bolt height;

actuation speed;

3-way emergency version.

Please note! An overpressure safety valve is usually mounted on the supply. It is placed in close proximity to the heat generating installation. The recommended distance is a maximum of 500 mm from the boiler. At the same time, it is forbidden to place it on the pipe that goes from the heat generator to the safety device. It is not possible to mount locking elements here. No fittings should block this pipeline and interfere with the process of steam discharge, which may result from the operation of the facility’s heating circuit.

Clamping difference

Products with springs are chosen for private homes and even businesses. Such safety fittings are installed in heating networks of small power.

Spring-loaded excess coolant relief valves

The spring-loaded emergency pressure relief valve in the heating system is a blasting element, usually of a small size. It is simple in design and practical. Its popularity is due to its affordable price and the possibility of installation along with any other elements that are part of the security group.

The pressure value in the heating circuit of a house or business affects the level of compression of the mechanism of the product. At this moment, the sensor is triggered. The setting range of the blast valve depends on the elasticity of the relief spring.

The device works according to the following principle:

the coolant flow acts on the shutter;

the movement of the heat carrier is limited by a spring valve;

the valve fully opens or lifts when the coolant pressure exceeds the spring force;

Excess heat transfer fluid exits through the appropriate connection;

the specific capacity of the coolant is normalized;

the bolt mechanism is closed by a spring, it returns to its original position.

After actuation, the locking mechanism of the safety device returns to its initial position.

The valve for releasing excess pressure from a hydraulic closed system is made of high quality alloys. Brass is used to make the body of the product. For this, hot stamping technology is used. Steel is used in the manufacture of springs. In the manufacture of polymeric materials are also used. From them are made: a membrane, a sealant and a handle.

Note! It is possible to purchase a pre-set spring safety device. The product range also allows you to buy a product that needs to be configured on site. After that, it is checked during commissioning.

In private boiler rooms and heating systems, valves of a lever-weight design are not so common. Basically, these devices are used in industrial enterprises. Indeed, in factories and so on, communications are laid using pipelines with a diameter of at least 250 mm.

Lever safety emergency structures

In lever-load safety equipment, the force on the bolt is created by a load, and not by a spring mechanism. The design also has a lever. It is he who is used for hanging the load. In addition, the lever has a certain length. This is necessary so that the load has the ability to move and press the stem to the saddle with different forces.

The opening of the lever-weight device occurs when the pressure of the external environment exceeds the values ​​below the spool. After all, the last detail acts on the lever part. After opening the safety element, excess coolant is discharged through the corresponding hole.

It is the length of the lever part and the weight of the load that affect the pressure at which the device of the lever-weight design is triggered. In terms of reliability, such devices are not inferior to spring safety devices. However, their price is higher. Mounting of lever mechanisms is carried out on flanges. They are used to connect to pipelines. In this case, the minimum diameter of the pipes to be connected can be 70 mm.

Lever and Spring Safety Options

Shutter height difference

Throttle lift for hydraulic safety valves is a maximum of 0.07 relative to the seat space. All pressure relief devices with these characteristics are low-lift devices. They use a proportional opening mechanism. The designs are distinguished by a small ability to pass excess coolant and a very simple device.

Full lift units are also available. This type of equipment has a much larger shutter height. For this reason, it has a higher throughput compared to milk lifters. Full-lift appliances discharge much more excess coolant from the circuit when it increases significantly in volume.

Example of low lift valve with pressure gauge

Response speed difference

For proportional mechanisms, the actuation of the covers is delayed. They open to a size that is directly proportional to the magnitude of the increasing pressure that occurs inside the heating circuit pipe. The higher the damper cover rises, the more coolant is removed into the external environment.

This type of heating network safety equipment is not limited to use only in an environment that tends to compress. However, such devices are most often used in heating circuits that transfer heat through water. They are also widely used with other fluids.

Manufacturers also produce on/off relief valves. This type of device is characterized by instantaneous operation when the pressure rises if it reaches the set values. Opening is carried out when the safety shutter is not fixed.

Note! Professionals recommend mounting two-position devices for dumping excess heat carrier precisely in environments that are characterized by compression.

On/Off Relief Valve Option

Two-position devices are also distinguished by flap oscillation. Moreover, the process takes place automatically. This is the main disadvantage of such equipment.

Heating operators need to be aware that a sudden opening of the on/off damper damper is accompanied by the release of large amounts of water. This distinctive feature must be remembered when a two-position shutter is mounted in heating circuits that move a liquid heat carrier. This feature also increases the likelihood that the pressure value in the pipeline network may decrease. In this case, the valve is characterized by instantaneous closure. This feature can cause water hammer. There are no such shortcomings in proportional mechanisms.

A large amount of hot water may be ejected from the valve

Three way switches

Relief valves with a three-way design are a separate group of safety elements for hydraulic heating circuits. The devices are equipped with manual switches. They can also be electric, which is convenient to use and has a positive effect on the level of safety. Devices of this type are intended for use in low-temperature circuits.

The safety boiler valve is a device with three holes. One of them is used for fluid inlet, and the other two are outlets for the coolant. The heat carrier is the medium that controls the shutter, made in the form of a ball. It can also be designed as a stem. When the coolant moves in the device, it rotates.

Conventional scheme of operation of the three-way safety valve

So, if the house has not only a radiator heating network, but also a warm floor, then in accordance with SNiP, for floor heating to work, it is required to ensure the supply of coolant with moderate temperatures. However, boiler equipment heats water of the same temperature for two systems at once. This is where the diverter valve comes in. The best way to solve the problem is the three-way model.

The functions of a distribution valve that has a 3-way device are as follows:

area limitation;

density distribution of the transported coolant by zones;

assistance in mixing water from the main pipe (supply or return) to move to the underfloor heating coolant at a lower temperature compared to wall radiators.

Important! In order not to independently control the temperature regime, it is recommended to pay attention to valve devices equipped with a servo drive.

Motorized safety valve

The motorized device is also equipped with a sensor to be placed in the low temperature circuit. The shut-off valve will be switched on when temperature values ​​are measured. It will close or open the water supply from the return.

Selection features

When it is necessary to select a specific safety element for the safety of discharging excess heat carrier, it is recommended to first study the technical characteristics of the installed boiler. Experts advise looking at the instructions that the manufacturer prepared. It will allow you to find out the real allowable values. The safety valve in the heating system is selected taking into account the following specific factors:

1. Capacities of equipment providing the required amount of thermal energy.
2. The maximum value of the heat carrier pressure in the boiler unit.
3. Cross-sections of the through hole in the device that ensures safety when water expands during heating.

When choosing a safety device, the cross section of the through hole must be taken into account.

When choosing, it is imperative to pay attention that the pressure regulator corresponds to the range within which the characteristics of a particular boiler unit lie. The pressure that allows the release of excess heat carrier must necessarily exceed the operating mode by at least 27%. At the same time, it is not allowed that it be more than 32% of the same values. Only at this pressure, the heating closed heating network will function normally.

The selection also takes into account the diameter of the safety device. It cannot exceed the section of the pipe. The reset device must be selected with a smaller diameter. Otherwise there will always be resistance. Because of it, the device will not be able to fully work. Therefore, the required level of security will not be provided.

For all such products, the best material from which they are made is brass. It had the best thermal expansion. This indicator allows the housings of the devices not to collapse even when exposed to very high pressure.

Most pressure relief products are made of brass.

Quality products have an adjustment block made of plastic. Moreover, heat-resistant material is used. Therefore, it retains its rigidity even if it is exposed to only one boiling water for a long time.

Valve mounting

A specially prepared tool kit is used when installing a safety device and discharging excess expanded water under pressure. Mounting allow to perform:

• Phillips screwdrivers;
• various wrenches, including wrenches and adjustable wrenches;
• pliers;
• measuring tool – the main one is a tape measure.

Note! The work also uses sealant.

After the tool has been prepared, the place where the safety element will be mounted is determined. As already mentioned above, it is better to install it on the feed. The recommended distance from the boiler unit should not exceed 500 mm. However, if possible, it is recommended to install the valve at a distance of 250 to 350 mm. Experts additionally advise choosing a place next to the outlet pipe of the boiler unit.

The valve is mounted directly next to the boiler

The current SNiP regulates the phased installation of the safety valve. The basic rules apply to all types of devices. When installing a pressure relief product, experts recommend paying attention to the following points:

• If a spring device is mounted, its axis must be strictly vertical and located exclusively under the body of the device.
• When the product is installed separately from the safety group, then a pressure gauge must be installed nearby;
• In work, the key is used on the side of the device with which it is twisted in order to prevent damage to the body parts during the rotation of the device;
• If a lever-weight device is mounted, then the lever of the device must be installed exclusively in the horizontal direction;

Installation of the lever device is carried out strictly horizontally

• The branch pipe from which the liquid comes out must not be connected to the sewerage system directly, but using a funnel or a receiver;
• In the area where the valve is installed on one side and the boiler on the other, it is forbidden to place non-return valves, pumping units, various valves, and so on;
• If there is a system with natural circulation of the thermal fluid, in this case, the highest place in the circuit is chosen for mounting the reset device;
• If there is a drain pipe that discharges the coolant into the sewer network or return pipe, it is connected to the branch pipe of the safety device.

The selection takes into account the nominal diameter of the device. Its selection is carried out taking into account the recommendations of Gostekhnadzor. This issue is resolved by contacting a specialized company. If this is not possible, it is recommended to use one of the online services.

The pressure relief valve in closed circuit heating systems is adjustable depending on the pressure structure used. If this is a spring device, then there is a special cap to adjust the fixture. By turning it, you can set the required spring compression. Moreover, this method of adjustment is highly accurate. It is +/- 0.3 atm. If this is a lever device, then in this case the adjustment must be carried out by moving the load or increasing the weight.

If the device worked 9 to 10 times, then the plate along with the spring mechanism was definitely worn out. Therefore, the device can no longer have the original tightness. In this case, experts recommend replacing the valve with a new product.

Safety valves available on the market are simple and highly reliable. These mechanisms provide an opportunity to increase the level of safety of a sealed closed heating structure with a liquid heat carrier. They allow you to protect the house from unexpected emergencies that can happen in heating systems.

In order to avoid an emergency associated with a sharp increase in pressure during the expansion of water and when it heats up in the heating circuit of the dwelling, it is enough to choose a high-quality coolant discharge product. However, you need to choose its calculated indicators. Then a competent installation and configuration is performed. At the same time, it is recommended to check the device regularly and, if necessary, replace it with a new one. By following simple rules, it will be possible to safely use heating throughout the entire operation of the thermal circuit.

Main malfunctions

When the relief valve is out of order, then the coolant starts to flow out of the fitting constantly. A malfunction is also indicated by the absence of drops, even if maximum heating is carried out. The fact that the device is out of order can still be determined by raising the lever. If there is no drain at this moment, then it’s time to fix the problem.

After lifting the lever, no water flows out of the valve – the device is out of order

The main malfunctions of the excess heat transfer device include:

1. Liquid that constantly flows from the nozzle. This happens at high pressure. If, at a calculated 6 bar, the excess main coolant is constantly drained at 7 bar. In such a situation, you need to perform a forced drain test. To do this, you need to use the lever. If the drops stop, then all the problems lie in high pressure. To remedy the situation, it is recommended to install a gearbox at the entrance to the dwelling.
2. If the coolant continues to flow even after the pressure has been released, the problem is the working spring gap. Repair is carried out by disassembling the safety group. It is necessary to clean all its elements well, and then install it in place.
3. If there is no forced draining and no dripping, then the problem is in the nozzle gap. This situation is corrected by parsing and cleaning.

Note! A non-separable part must be replaced if repair is required.

Briefly about the main

The valve for draining excess fluid from the heating network when it expands during heating is installed additionally to solid fuel boilers, since it is already built into the housing for gas and electrical equipment. Installation of the device is carried out no further than 500 mm from the boiler unit.