What are the common causes of cancer fatigue. How does cancer fatigue differ from normal tiredness. What strategies can help manage cancer-related fatigue. How long can cancer fatigue persist after treatment ends.

Understanding Cancer-Related Fatigue

Cancer fatigue is a prevalent and often debilitating side effect experienced by many cancer patients. Unlike typical tiredness, cancer-related fatigue is characterized by an overwhelming sense of exhaustion that doesn’t improve with rest. This fatigue can significantly impact a person’s quality of life and ability to perform daily activities.

Cancer fatigue is described by patients as feeling:

• Worn out
• Heavy
• Slow
• Weak
• Extremely tired
• In pain

For some individuals, this fatigue can persist for months or even up to a year after cancer treatment has concluded.

Causes of Cancer-Related Fatigue

While the exact mechanisms are not fully understood, several factors contribute to cancer-related fatigue:

Cancer Treatments

• Chemotherapy
• Radiation therapy
• Biologic therapy
• Surgery
• Other cancer medications

Physical Factors

• Anemia
• Pain
• Hormonal fluctuations
• Respiratory problems
• Dehydration from severe vomiting or diarrhea
• Changes in metabolism
• Weight loss
• Loss of muscle strength

Nutritional Factors

• Loss of appetite
• Insufficient nutrient and calorie intake
• Side effects from dietary changes

Psychological Factors

• Anxiety
• Depression
• Stress
• Insomnia

Is fatigue more severe with certain types of cancer treatments? While all cancer treatments can potentially cause fatigue, the severity and duration can vary. Surgery-related fatigue often improves with time but may worsen if combined with other treatments. Studies have shown that fatigue experiences differ among patients, even those undergoing similar treatments.

Factors Influencing Cancer Fatigue in Specific Patient Groups

Research has identified certain factors that may exacerbate fatigue in specific cancer patient populations:

Breast Cancer Patients

Women with breast cancer reported increased fatigue associated with:

• Presence of other health problems or advanced cancer
• Younger age
• Being underweight
• Sleep disturbances
• Anxiety and depression
• Having children at home
• Working while receiving radiation treatment

Prostate Cancer Patients

Men with prostate cancer experienced increased fatigue before radiation therapy, primarily due to:

• Depression
• Poor sleep quality

How do these factors impact treatment planning and patient care? Understanding the specific factors influencing fatigue in different patient groups allows healthcare providers to develop more targeted interventions and support strategies. This personalized approach can lead to improved symptom management and overall quality of life for cancer patients.

Managing Cancer-Related Fatigue

While cancer fatigue can be challenging, various strategies can help patients cope with and manage this symptom:

Medical Interventions

• Treatment of underlying causes (e.g., anemia, pain, depression)
• Medications to address specific symptoms
• Adjustment of cancer treatment regimens when possible

Lifestyle Modifications

• Maintain a balanced diet rich in nutrients
• Stay hydrated
• Engage in regular, moderate exercise as tolerated
• Establish a consistent sleep routine
• Practice stress-reduction techniques (e.g., meditation, yoga)

Energy Conservation

• Prioritize important activities
• Schedule rest periods throughout the day
• Delegate tasks when possible
• Use assistive devices to conserve energy

Can complementary therapies help manage cancer fatigue? Some patients find relief through complementary approaches such as acupuncture, massage therapy, or mind-body practices. While evidence for their effectiveness varies, these therapies may provide additional support when used alongside conventional treatments. It’s crucial to consult with your healthcare team before incorporating any complementary therapies.

The Importance of Communication with Healthcare Providers

Open and honest communication with your healthcare team is essential for effectively managing cancer-related fatigue. Patients should:

• Report the severity and impact of fatigue on daily life
• Discuss any new or worsening symptoms
• Ask about potential treatment options or clinical trials
• Share concerns about the long-term effects of fatigue

How can patients best prepare for discussions about fatigue with their doctors? Keeping a fatigue journal that tracks energy levels, activities, and potential triggers can provide valuable information for healthcare providers. This data can help in developing a more tailored management plan and assessing the effectiveness of interventions over time.

Long-Term Outlook and Survivorship

For many cancer survivors, fatigue can persist long after treatment has ended. This phenomenon, sometimes called “post-treatment fatigue syndrome,” can significantly impact quality of life and the ability to return to pre-cancer routines.

Strategies for managing long-term fatigue include:

• Gradual return to normal activities
• Regular exercise and physical therapy
• Cognitive behavioral therapy to address psychological factors
• Ongoing communication with healthcare providers
• Participation in survivorship programs and support groups

How long can cancer-related fatigue persist after treatment? The duration of post-treatment fatigue varies greatly among individuals. While some patients experience improvement within weeks or months, others may contend with fatigue for a year or more after completing cancer treatment. Ongoing research aims to better understand the mechanisms behind persistent fatigue and develop more effective long-term management strategies.

Emerging Research and Future Directions

The field of cancer-related fatigue research is continually evolving, with scientists exploring new avenues for understanding and treating this complex symptom. Current areas of investigation include:

• Genetic factors influencing fatigue susceptibility
• The role of inflammation in cancer-related fatigue
• Novel pharmacological interventions
• Advanced exercise and rehabilitation protocols
• Integration of digital health technologies for fatigue monitoring and management

What promising developments are on the horizon for cancer fatigue management? Ongoing clinical trials are evaluating the efficacy of various interventions, including targeted therapies, immunomodulators, and innovative non-pharmacological approaches. Additionally, research into personalized medicine may lead to more individualized fatigue management strategies based on a patient’s unique genetic and biological profile.

Support Resources for Patients and Caregivers

Coping with cancer-related fatigue can be challenging not only for patients but also for their caregivers and loved ones. Numerous resources are available to provide support and information:

• National Cancer Institute (NCI) – offers comprehensive guides on managing cancer-related symptoms, including fatigue
• American Cancer Society – provides education and support services for cancer patients and their families
• Cancer Support Community – offers online and in-person support groups, educational programs, and resources
• CancerCare – provides counseling, support groups, and educational workshops for people affected by cancer
• Local hospital and cancer center support programs

How can caregivers best support a loved one experiencing cancer fatigue? Caregivers play a crucial role in helping manage cancer-related fatigue. They can assist by:

• Helping with daily tasks and responsibilities
• Encouraging rest and relaxation
• Supporting adherence to treatment plans and healthy lifestyle choices
• Providing emotional support and understanding
• Attending medical appointments to help communicate with healthcare providers

It’s important for caregivers to also prioritize their own well-being and seek support when needed to prevent burnout.

In conclusion, cancer-related fatigue is a complex and multifaceted symptom that requires a comprehensive approach to management. By understanding its causes, implementing effective coping strategies, and maintaining open communication with healthcare providers, patients can improve their quality of life and better navigate the challenges of cancer treatment and survivorship. As research continues to advance, new insights and interventions offer hope for more effective fatigue management in the future.

Colon Cancer vs. Hemorrhoid Symptoms Topic Guide

Cancer Fatigue

Cancer fatigue is the most common side effect of cancer treatment. Moreover,
fatigue can be a symptom of cancer. The fatigue experienced with cancer is different
than fatigue experienced by healthy people. People describe it as feeling
worn out, heavy, slow, weak, extremely tired, and in pain. In some people, fatigue can last up to a year or more after treatment stops.
Doctors do not know exactly how cancer treatments cause fatigue, but they do
know what causes it in people who have cancer, or who are undergoing
cancer treatment, for example:

Chemotherapy
Biologic therapy
Surgery
Radiation Therapy
Other cancer drugs
Drugs that cause drowsiness
Anemia
Side effects from diet
Loss of appetite
Not getting enough nutrients and calories daily
Insomnia
Hormone fluctuations
Respiratory problems
Pain
Dehydration due to severe vomiting or diarrhea
Changes in metabolism
Weight loss
Loss of muscle strength
Lack of physical activity
Other health problems
Anxiety and depression
Stress

Fatigue from surgery generally gets better with time, however, it can worsen if
surgery is combined with other cancer treatments.Doctors have studied patients with breast and prostate cancer who suffer from
fatigue and found that the amount of fatigue experienced, and the time it was felt, varied from
patient to patient.Women with breast cancer reported that fatigue was increased by:

Having other health problems or advanced cancer
Being a younger age
Being underweight
Problems sleeping
Anxiety
Depression
Having children at home
Working while receiving radiation treatment

Men with prostate cancer reported that fatigue  increased before radiation
therapy started due to depression and/or poor sleep.
Talk with your doctor or other health care professional about how to treat
and manage your cancer-related fatigue.
REFERENCES:
Bower, JE, Ph.D. Cancer-related fatigue: Mechanisms, risk factors, and treatments. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2014 Oct; 11(10): 597–609.
Published online 2014 Aug 12. doi: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2014.127.
Bower, JE, Ph.D. Behavioral symptoms in breast cancer patients and survivors: Fatigue, insomnia, depression, and cognitive disturbance. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Feb 10; 26(5): 768–777. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2007.14.3248
NIH. National Cancer Institute. “Fatigue (PDQ®)-Patient Version. Updated: June 30,
2017.
NIH. National Cancer Institute. “Facing Forward: Life After Cancer Treatment.” Updated: May 2014.

IH. National Cancer Institute. “Fatigue.” Updated: Apr 29, 2015.
NIH. National Cancer Institute. “Managing Radiation Therapy Side Effects.” April 2010.

Hemorrhoids: Signs, Symptoms, and Complications

For most people, the signs and symptoms of hemorrhoids—itchiness, swelling, discomfort—will be mild and respond to home remedies. In a minority of cases, however, hemorrhoid signs and symptoms will be severe enough that they require treatment from a physician. Rarely, hemorrhoids that cause significant blood loss or a blood clot can be life-threatening. It’s important to note that one of the chief calling cards of hemorrhoids, blood in or on the stool or on toilet paper, should never be considered normal. While the cause could indeed be hemorrhoids, a more serious condition could be afoot.

© Verywell, 2018

Frequent Symptoms

Hemorrhoids can come with external and/or internal symptoms, depending on how they form.

External Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids on the outside of the anus are known as external hemorrhoids. A hard lump might be felt in that area and can often be uncomfortable because it is irritated by bowel movements and by wiping with toilet paper. External hemorrhoids are painful because of the many nerve endings located on the skin around the anus.

If the hemorrhoid becomes inflamed and engorged with blood (thrombosed) it may look bluish-purple and be painful, not only during a bowel movement but even when walking or sitting.

The symptoms of external hemorrhoids can include:

• Anal pain
• Bleeding during bowel movements
• Burning sensation around the anus
• Itchiness (pruritis ani)
• Swelling around the anus
• Tenderness when wiping

Internal Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids on the inside of the rectum, called internal hemorrhoids, might not cause symptoms and might only be discovered or diagnosed when they cause bleeding.

Unlike external hemorrhoids, internal hemorrhoids are not painful because of a lack of sensory nerve endings inside the anus. The blood is bright red and could be seen on the stool, in the toilet, or on the toilet tissue after wiping.

However, in some cases, an internal hemorrhoid can become prolapsed and will extend out of the anus. This might happen, for instance, when lifting something heavy or during a bowel movement. A prolapsed hemorrhoid might become painful but usually retracts back inside the anus on its own.

The symptoms of internal hemorrhoids can include:

• Bleeding during bowel movements 
• Itchiness (pruritis ani)
• Pain in the case of prolapse

Rare Symptoms

Hemorrhoids are typically considered a mild and common problem, but in rare circumstances, there can be more troublesome signs and symptoms. In some cases, there may be fecal soiling along with the presence of hemorrhoids, or a feeling that the bowel isn’t completely emptied after going to the bathroom.

External hemorrhoids may rarely have blood pool inside them and sometimes clot, which is called an acutely thrombosed hemorrhoid. This type of hemorrhoid may cause inflammation, and may feel like a hard painful lump the size of a marble on the outside of the anus.

If an internal hemorrhoid prolapses and can’t be pushed back inside, it may be chronically prolapsed. Rarely, the prolapse can lead to complications such as a lack of blood flow to the area and an infection.

Complications

Hemorrhoids can be chronic and painful, but they do not usually cause complications. Rarely, a thrombosed hemorrhoid may rupture. This might cause more bleeding and pain, but the site of the rupture usually heals on its own. In some cases, a skin tag might form at the location of a thrombosed hemorrhoid that has healed.

It is rare, but significant blood loss from chronic hemorrhoids has been associated with the development of anemia. Another rare complication is a strangulated hemorrhoid, where the blood flow to an internal hemorrhoid is cut off, which can cause extreme pain. Strangulated hemorrhoids present a risk of infection, so it’s important to seek care in order to prevent this outcome.

When to See a Doctor

Blood in the stool is never normal and should always be discussed with a physician, even when it is thought to be from a hemorrhoid.

Blood in the stool is most often the result of hemorrhoids; bright red blood is characteristic. Stools that have darker red blood or that appear tarry might be related to another condition, particularly one associated with an area higher up in the digestive tract. In the event of these symptoms, it might be necessary to have testing to rule out other conditions.

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Profuse rectal bleeding that’s accompanied by feelings of faintness or dizziness is a reason to seek medical attention right away.

This type of bleeding is not typical for hemorrhoids and may be an indication that another problem is occurring. Similarly, mucus or pus from the rectum, fever, chills, nausea, or a rapid heartbeat aren’t common symptoms of a hemorrhoid and are also a reason to seek medical care right away.

Colon Cancer Symptoms | Johns Hopkins Medicine

Colon and rectal cancers do not usually produce symptoms in the early stages of disease. As the tumor grows, symptoms will depend on the location of the primary tumor within the intestine.

Patients with colon cancer or rectal cancer may experience one or multiple symptoms. These may include the following:

Blood in the Stool

You may notice obvious blood the stool, or darker colored bowel movements, which may indicate that there is bleeding within the intestinal tract or rectum. Sometimes bleeding may be present but not visible. This is called occult (hidden) blood and may not be discovered until a blood test indicates a low red blood cell count.

Rectal Bleeding

Bright red blood in the stool typically indicates that there is bleeding in the rectum or colon, which may be a sign of colon or rectal cancer. Rectal bleeding can also be caused by hemorrhoids. Typically, patients with hemorrhoids experience symptoms that come and go with flare-ups, whereas rectal bleeding caused by cancer usually continues or worsens and is more likely to be accompanied by pain.

Changes in Bowel Habits

Changes in bowel habits that can indicate colon or rectal cancer include the following:

• New-onset constipation or diarrhea

• Changes in frequency or size and caliber of bowel movements

• A bowel that doesn’t seem to empty completely

• Stool that is narrower than normal (even as thin as a pencil)

Occasional bowel changes can be caused by a dietary change, disagreeable food or a viral/bacterial infection. However, if you are experiencing something new and unexplained—and it lasts more than a couple of days—see your doctor.

Abdominal Pain and Bloating

Stomach bloating, distention, cramps or pain in the abdominal or bowel region can be symptoms of colon or rectal cancer. These are common issues that can also be caused by a number of conditions, including diet-related gastrointestinal distress, Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. See your doctor if you experience frequent abdominal pain and bloating that does not have an obvious cause.

Nausea and Vomiting

Nausea and vomiting can occur if a colon or rectal tumor is obstructing the bowel and inhibiting the passage of liquid or solid waste or gas. Bowel blockage can also be accompanied by painful abdominal cramps, bloating and constipation.

Nausea and vomiting are symptoms of a range of conditions, which may be benign or serious. If you experience persistent nausea, signs of dehydration or vomiting that lasts for more than 24 hours, seek immediate medical treatment.

Anemia

Anemia is a blood disorder characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin. In patients with colon or rectal cancer, intestinal bleeding may cause anemia. Depending on the location of the bleeding within the colon, anemia can be the first sign that blood loss is occurring.

Common symptoms of anemia include skin pallor (paleness), increased heart rate, fatigue, dizziness and irregular menstruation.

Unexplained Weight Loss, Loss of Appetite and Feeling Weak

Losing weight, losing your appetite or feeling weak are all possible signs of colon or rectal cancer along with many other unrelated conditions. In patients with colon or rectal cancer, these symptoms are usually related. Persistent diarrhea can cause weight loss. Stomach pain and nausea can reduce your appetite so that you don’t consume enough food to maintain your weight. All these issues, as well as anemia, can lead to weakness.

Pelvic Pain

Pain in the pelvic area is not common in patients with colon or rectal cancer. If it occurs, it may indicate that the cancer has spread to the pelvic area.

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Thrombosed hemorrhoids: Symptoms, causes, and outlook

Thrombosed hemorrhoids happen when sacs in the anal passage get pushed onto the outside of the anus and fill with blood clots. What are the symptoms of thrombosed hemorrhoids and what causes them?

Having thrombosed hemorrhoids can be painful. They may make everyday activities uncomfortable, such as walking, sitting, or going to the toilet.

Thrombosed hemorrhoids can affect anyone and are not a sign of being unhealthy. This article explores the symptoms, causes, and outlook for this common condition.

Share on PinterestA thrombosed hemorrhoid is a hemorrhoid that is filled with blood clots.

A person’s anal canal is lined with blood vessels. When these blood vessels become dilated or swollen, they can form a hemorrhoid.

Hemorrhoids can be on the inside of the anal passage or form on the outside of the anus. Hemorrhoids on the inside are called internal hemorrhoids, and those on the outside are called external hemorrhoids.

Thrombosed hemorrhoids occur when either an internal or external hemorrhoid fills with blood clots. The name comes from the word “thrombosis,” which means clotting. Thrombosed hemorrhoids can become tender and painful.

The symptoms of thrombosed hemorrhoids include:

• pain sitting, walking, or going to the toilet to pass a stool
• itching around the anus
• bleeding when passing a stool
• swelling or lumps around the anus

Thrombosed hemorrhoids can also become infected, which may lead to an abscess. An abscess can cause additional symptoms, including a fever.

Hemorrhoids are not a symptom of an underlying health concern but may be related to a person’s diet.

A person may develop hemorrhoids when more pressure is put on their anal passage. This may be caused by:

• pushing too hard when trying to pass a stool
• constipation
• having diarrhea
• not going to the toilet regularly
• being pregnant, as the weight of the baby may put pressure on veins
• giving birth, as the pressure can affect the anal passage
• sitting down for an extended period, for example, while traveling in a vehicle

Not every person who has external hemorrhoids will develop blood clots, but some do. Scientists do not yet understand why blood clots form in some external hemorrhoids.

Certain things can increase the risk of getting hemorrhoids, including:

• not eating enough fiber, which may lead to constipation
• pregnancy
• sitting for extended periods
• getting older, as tissues become weaker as a person ages

A thrombectomy is usually used to treat thrombosed hemorrhoids. This is a small procedure where surgeons make a cut in the hemorrhoid and drain the blood.

The doctor will give a person anesthesia before they carry out the procedure, so they will not feel any pain.

This procedure is most effective if carried out a few days after blood clots develop in the hemorrhoid. As this is not always possible, other treatments may be needed.

If a thrombectomy is not effective, surgery may be required. There is a variety of surgical options available. These include:

• Hemorrhoidectomy: This is a surgery to remove the hemorrhoid, including the blood vessels and clot, and may be done under general anesthetic. It is more invasive than other options, so is only carried out in severe cases.
• Rubber band ligation: This is where an elastic band is put around the base of the hemorrhoid. This cuts off the blood supply and causes it to shrink over a period of several weeks.
• Stapled hemorrhoidopexy: This is where the hemorrhoids are stapled in place, while a person is under general anesthetic.

Share on PinterestWet wipes may help to reduce pain or irritation when used instead of toilet paper.

Some home treatments may reduce the pain and discomfort of hemorrhoids:

• Hemorrhoid cream: Applying an over-the-counter hemorrhoid cream can help relieve symptoms.
• Pain relievers: Taking over-the-counter painkillers can relieve pain.
• Sitz bath: Soaking the affected area in warm water several times a day and gently patting dry may help reduce symptoms.
• Ice treatment: Applying a cold compress or ice pack to the affected area may reduce pain and inflammation.
• Witch hazel: Applying witch hazel may reduce itching and pain in the affected area.
• Using wipes: Using wet wipes rather than toilet paper can reduce friction and cause less irritation in the affected area.
• Aloe vera: Aloe vera is known for its anti-inflammatory properties. Applying pure aloe vera to the affected area may reduce inflammation.
• Stool softeners: The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases recommends taking a stool softener or fiber supplement to treat hemorrhoids at home. This makes it easier to pass a stool, which reduces irritation.
• Wearing loose cotton clothing: A person should avoid wearing tight clothes made of artificial fabrics. Wearing loose cotton clothing can reduce irritation in the affected area and keep it dry.

It is not always possible to prevent hemorrhoids, but the following tips can reduce the risk:

• Eating high fiber foods: Examples include broccoli, bran flakes, whole-wheat pasta, and oatmeal. A high fiber diet helps keep bowel movements regular.
• Being more active: Avoiding sitting for extended periods and getting up to walk around every hour may help prevent hemorrhoids.
• Not pushing if constipated: If a person is constipated, it is a good idea for them to take a stool softener rather than pushing excessively.
• Drinking plenty of water: Keeping hydrated can help to reduce constipation.

Thrombosed hemorrhoids can be itchy, painful, and uncomfortable if left untreated, but symptoms can often be relieved using home remedies.

Where this is not the case, there are some medical treatments available. Rarely, a person may require surgery with general anesthetic.

Treatments for hemorrhoids are usually effective. If a person experiences recurrent hemorrhoids, it is essential that they discuss this with their doctor.

Hemorrhoids | Gastrointestinal Society

Click here to download a PDF of this information.

Hemorrhoids, also called piles, are enlarged or varicose veins of the anus and rectum. They are a common health ailment, particularly in developed countries, affecting nearly 5% of the population. There are two types of hemorrhoids, external and internal, which can occur separately or in combination. A person could have a single hemorrhoid, or have several at the same time.

Symptoms/Complications of Hemorrhoids

External hemorrhoids develop under the skin just outside the opening of the anus. They are usually painful if they develop a clot (thrombose), in which case they appear as very tender, circular, purplish bulges around the anal opening.

Internal hemorrhoids are often present without causing any discomfort or even awareness of their existence. This is because there is rectal lining (mucous membrane) around internal hemorrhoids, rather than nerve-rich skin. You might experience a feeling of fullness in the rectum, as if you need to have a bowel movement. You might not even know you have them unless they clot (thrombose) or bleed, resulting in passing bright red blood during and/or following a bowel movement. However, if a hemorrhoid loses its blood supply (strangulates) it can become very painful. Sometimes an internal hemorrhoid pushes down or stretches until it bulges outside of the anus (prolapse). This could manifest as a pinching sensation in the anal area, or you may notice a painless lump when you wipe after a bowel movement.

The extra bumps and crevasses of hemorrhoids could lead to improper cleaning of the area, resulting in anal itching.

Hemorrhoids have a number of predisposing causes but, in most cases, increased pressure in the abdomen plays a key role. Some of the most common underlying factors for developing hemorrhoids include constipation and straining during bowel movements, repeated lifting of heavy objects, frequent diarrhea, prolonged sitting or standing, obesity, and pregnancy. Excessive abdominal pressure can cause the small veins around the anus and rectum to stretch. As the veins lose their elasticity, they become distended with blood and more likely to thrombose and become more fragile. Pregnant women are particularly prone to hemorrhoids, partially because the enlarging uterus sits directly on the blood vessels that drain veins near the rectum and anus. Hemorrhoids affect up to 38% of women in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Diagnosing Hemorrhoids

Your physician might diagnose hemorrhoids following a physical examination of the anus and rectum. This can include a rectal exam performed with a gloved, lubricated finger, or with a small instrument that will allow your physician to visualize the rectum more closely.

Rectal bleeding could be a symptom of other, potentially more serious, conditions. One source of bleeding could be anal fissures, which are tears in the lining of the anus causing pain when passing a bowel movement. Some types of inflammatory bowel disease can also cause rectal bleeding, as can tumours of the rectum and colon. If you pass blood from the anus, then you should consult with your physician to determine if further testing is required.

Management of Hemorrhoids

It is very important to avoid straining while having a bowel movement, as this puts extra pressure on the anal area. The management of hemorrhoids typically involves a number of moderate dietary and lifestyle changes to ensure soft and formed stools, which help to avoid pressure in the rectal area.

Dietary Modifications

Recommendations for ongoing dietary management include consuming well-balanced meals and snacks and ensuring adequate fibre and fluid intake as outlined in Canada’s Food Guide, available from Health Canada. Fibre and fluid help soften stool, allowing it to move more quickly and easily through the colon, rectum, and anus, which reduces strain.

Aim for 20-35 g of fibre daily, consumed evenly throughout the day. To help monitor your fibre intake, check the nutrient content on the labels of packaged foods. Make gradual changes while increasing fibre intake, as this approach could help you to avoid the bloating, gas, and general abdominal discomfort that could occur as your body adapts to the dietary modifications.

There are also some commercial fibre supplements available. These include bran, psyllium seed, or ispaghula husk derivatives (e.g., Metamucil®) and inulin (Benefibre®), which is soluble vegetable fibre. For more information on fibre, visit our website or contact our office.

Most hemorrhoid sufferers will find good results with the use of a basic fibre supplement; however, if constipation continues to remain a problem, then products containing the herb senna could offer additional relief. Be sure to check the labels as some of these products contain different substances depending on their format (e.g., powders are different from caplets). Also note that products marked ‘plus’ could contain additional unwanted substances that increase their laxative effect.

Resist the Urge to Scratch

The area around your hemorrhoid might feel itchy. Don’t scratch, as you could damage delicate vein walls.

Clean Carefully

It is extremely important to clean yourself properly and gently following a bowel movement. Use only non-perfumed, non-coloured toilet paper and try dampening it under the faucet before each wipe. Some varieties of toilet paper are softer than are others and some facial tissues contain moisturizing cream, which you may find to be more soothing. Using pre-moistened flushable wipes might also increase cleaning comfort.

Have a Sitz bath

This is a type of therapeutic bath that involves sitting in very warm water with your knees raised. The warm water helps lessen the pain while increasing blood flow to the area. This helps to shrink the swollen veins and promote healing. Adding Epsom salts to the bath water might also help.

Push it Back Inside

If your hemorrhoid protrudes from the anal canal, try gently pushing it back inside. A hemorrhoid left hanging out of the anus is at a greater risk of developing clots or strangulating.

Hemorrhoids During Pregnancy

To help prevent or manage hemorrhoids if you are pregnant, try lying on your left side for about 20 minutes every 4-6 hours, as this decreases pressure on the main vein draining the lower half of the body.

Ointments and Creams

Hemorrhoidal symptoms often subside within a few days, even with no specific treatment. Topical hemorrhoid treatments usually contain one or more active ingredients including a local anesthetic, mild anti-inflammatory compounds, or astringents.

Local anaesthetics temporarily relieve pain, burning, and itching by numbing the nerve endings. Analgesic products relieve pain, itching, and burning by depressing receptors on pain nerves.

Witch hazel is a widely used plant-based astringent; when applied to the rectum with a cotton ball, this product can offer relief. Several other products have stronger ingredients that focus on reducing inflammation and these may require a prescription.

Surgery

If significant hemorrhoidal symptoms persist despite conservative measures, a number of minor surgical options are available and a physician may perform many of these in the office. Treatment for internal hemorrhoids includes application of rubber bands (ligation), injection of a material (sclerosant) that blocks the vein, stapling, cryosurgery, laser, or electro-coagulation techniques. Surgical excision that is more extensive might be required for large, permanently prolapsed hemorrhoids or strangulated hemorrhoids. Thrombosed external hemorrhoids generally respond promptly to surgical incision and clot removal.

Hemorrhoids Outlook

Some individuals can have a single hemorrhoid while others have ongoing hemorrhoids throughout life. Most hemorrhoids completely resolve within a week or so. Maintaining adequate intake of dietary fibre, drinking plenty of water, avoiding abdominal strain, and getting regular moderate exercise might help to avoid the recurrence of hemorrhoids.

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Image Credit: © bigstockphoto.com/lisafx

Symptoms & Causes of Hemorrhoids

What are the symptoms of hemorrhoids?

The symptoms of hemorrhoids depend on the type you have.

If you have external hemorrhoids, you may have

• anal itching
• one or more hard, tender lumps near your anus
• anal ache or pain, especially when sitting

Too much straining, rubbing, or cleaning around your anus may make your symptoms worse. For many people, the symptoms of external hemorrhoids go away within a few days.

If you have internal hemorrhoids, you may have

• bleeding from your rectum––bright red blood on stool, on toilet paper, or in the toilet bowl after a bowel movement
• a hemorrhoid that has fallen through your anal opening, called prolapse

Internal hemorrhoids that are not prolapsed most often are not painful. Prolapsed internal hemorrhoids may cause pain and discomfort.

Although hemorrhoids are the most common cause of anal symptoms, not every anal symptom is caused by a hemorrhoid. Some hemorrhoid symptoms are similar to those of other digestive tract problems. For example, bleeding from your rectum may be a sign of bowel diseases such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, or cancer of the colon or rectum.

When should I seek a doctor’s help?

You should seek a doctor’s help if you

What causes hemorrhoids?

The causes of hemorrhoids include

• straining during bowel movements
• sitting on the toilet for long periods of time
• chronic constipation or diarrhea
• a low-fiber diet
• weakening of the supporting tissues in your anus and rectum that happens with aging
• pregnancy
• often lifting heavy objects

This content is provided as a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
(NIDDK), part of the National Institutes of Health. The NIDDK translates and disseminates research findings to increase knowledge and understanding about health and disease among patients, health professionals, and the public. Content produced by the NIDDK is carefully reviewed by NIDDK scientists and other experts.

Hemorrhoids: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

Hemorrhoids are cushions made of blood vessels, connective tissue and muscle located on the anal canal. Functioning hemorrhoids help maintain fecal continence and ensure that no liquid escapes through the sphincter at the end of the digestive tract. 

All people have hemorrhoidal tissue as part of their normal anatomy, according to the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons. Only in a minority of people do hemorrhoids become enlarged or otherwise symptomatic. 

“We believe the normal function of hemorrhoids is to prevent accidental leakage of stool,” said Dr. Syed Husain, a colorectal surgeon at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center. “They are present in everyone, but in some cases they get enlarged, and then they start causing symptoms.”

The exact prevalence of enlarged hemorrhoids is hard to measure because many opt for over-the-counter treatments instead of visiting the doctor. In the United States, about 10 million people — 4.4 percent of the population — self-report evidence of hemorrhoids each year, while doctors annually identify hemorrhoids in about 2.2 million outpatient evaluations, researchers reported in 2016 in the journal Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery. Caucasians suffer from a higher incidence of hemorrhoids than African-Americans, and increased prevalence of hemorrhoids is associated with higher socioeconomic status, doctors wrote in the report.

Problematic hemorrhoids are also more common in people between the age of 45 and 65, and about half of all adults have experienced at least one of the classic hemorrhoid symptoms by age 50, according to Harvard Medical School.

Symptoms & causes

Swollen hemorrhoids are usually a result of applying too much pressure to the lower rectum. This may happen if you’re straining to have a bowel movement, which can occur during chronic diarrhea and constipation, according to the Mayo Clinic. It may also happen if you sit on the toilet too long because when you sit on the toilet, your anus relaxes, allowing the veins around to fill with blood, which then puts pressure on those veins.

Pregnant women are also more susceptible to hemorrhoid problems because of the weight of carrying the baby and also from giving birth. Around 25 to 35 percent of pregnant women are affected in the third trimester, according to estimates from two studies conducted in France. Being very overweight, or standing or lifting too much can also make hemorrhoids worse.

People with swollen hemorrhoids don’t necessarily feel pain, though they may experience bleeding, anal swelling and discomfort.

There are two types of hemorrhoids: internal and external. Internal hemorrhoids lie inside the rectum and the most common symptoms include painless rectal bleeding, prolapse or protrusion, pain and irritation, according to the Mayo Clinic. 

“In some cases patients can also present with external swelling, a bulge that’s painful and they can feel that,” Husain said. External hemorrhoids are located under the skin around the anus. They could enlarge, resulting in pain, swelling and, in serious cases, spontaneous rupture, intense pain and bleeding.

Diagnosis & tests

Diagnostic tests are done not only to confirm the presence of swollen hemorrhoids, but also to eliminate other possible digestive disease, since bleeding from the rectum or anus or bloody stools may be a sign of something more serious such as cancer, according to the American Academy of Family Physicians. 

Doctors usually check for internal hemorrhoids by inserting a rubber-gloved finger into the rectum in order to feel for any protrusions or examine the lower portion of the colon with an anoscope or endoscope, according to the Mayo Clinic. Certain accompanying symptoms might suggest other digestive diseases and a more extensive examination using colonoscopy may be required.

However, hemorrhoids have become a catchall for problems in the anal area, and about 40 percent of people who visit specialists to have their hemorrhoids examined actually have other problems, Husain said. 

For instance, people with fissures also experience bleeding and often mistake the condition as a problematic hemorrhoid. But fissures are associated with a sharp, severe pain during bowel movements, unlike hemorrhoids, which are associated with feelings of pressure, Husain said. 

Treatments

Over-the-counter remedies, such as stool softeners and anti-inflammatory ointments, can provide short-term local relief from discomfort, pain and bleeding caused by external hemorrhoids. People can also eat more fiber, drink more water and avoid straining while they’re going to the bathroom, Husain said. These measures often help enlarged hemorrhoids go away on their own, he said.

There are a few nonsurgical treatment options for internal hemorrhoids. Rubber band ligation is the most common treatment, Husain said. It involves placing a small rubber band around the base of the hemorrhoid and stopping the flow of blood to the area until it shrinks and falls off. It is more effective than other methods, though it is also associated with more post-treatment pain and complications.

Sclerotherapy, where the hemorrhoid is injected with chemicals in order shrink it, is the oldest therapy. Infrared or electrocoagulation targets the hemorrhoid by burning it and letting it slough off. It’s found to be less effective than banding and usually requires more treatments. However, it also has significantly less postoperative pain and fewer complications.

Surgical removal or stapling of the hemorrhoids may be needed if internal hemorrhoids have prolapsed or are very large, according to a review published in the Journal of American College of Surgeons. But stapling has become less popular recently, as long-term data shows that it has an increased rate of problematic recurrence, Husain said.

Doctors may also use Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation, an ultrasound technique that identifies blood vessels feeding the hemorrhoid and cuts them off, Husain said.

“There are many techniques and procedures for the same problem,” he said. “From a patient’s perspective, the best thing is what your surgeon feels comfortable with.”

Prevention

One can maintain regular bowel movement and lessen the risk of hemorrhoids by including more fiber in his or her diet, about 30 grams per day, Husain said. Laxatives, aside from bulk-forming laxatives like Fiberall and Metamucil, can lead to diarrhea, and should be avoided because they can worsen hemorrhoids. Also, one should avoid exerting too much pressure during bowel movement, according to the Mayo Clinic. 

Try not sit on the toilet for too long when waiting for bowel movement and also avoid straining too hard when trying to pass a stool.

“Time yourself when you feel urge to move your bowels,” Husain said. “The cut off should be five to 10 minutes. If nothing is happening during that period, go out and come back later.”

Additional resources

This article was updated on Feb. 5, 2015 by Live Science Senior Writer, Laura Geggel, and again on Oct. 4, 2018 by Live Science Senior Writer, Mindy Weisberger. 

90,000 Hemorrhoid Treatment, Symptoms – Medical Center

The majority of patients go to the medical center “Na Vostochnaya” with complaints of “hemorrhoids”.

But in many cases under the type of hemorrhoids are completely different diseases . Nevertheless, hemorrhoids are the most common coloproctological disease and one of the most common diseases of mankind in general. Do not forget that hemorrhoidal disease is often a concomitant, or even predisposing (that is, leading to the occurrence), pathology for a number of other problems – anal fissure, paraproctitis, cryptitis, papillitis, etc.Turning to statistics, we will see that the prevalence of hemorrhoids is 130-145 cases per 1000 adult population.

This spread of this disease is facilitated by the way and rhythm of life of a modern person. No wonder hemorrhoids are included in the group of diseases called “diseases of civilization.” A lifestyle that provokes the onset of hemorrhoidal disease means: a sitting position, especially associated with simultaneous physical exertion (driving a car, office work, sitting at a computer for a long time), playing sports leading to stagnation of blood in the veins of the small pelvis – weightlifting, riding on a bike; any physical inactivity that accompanies the life of many modern people; a frequent provoking factor in women is pregnancy and childbirth, since these conditions are accompanied by stagnation of blood in the veins of the small pelvis; Finally, problems with the gastrointestinal tract play an important role – constipation, the use of insufficient amounts of vegetable fiber, alcohol abuse and addiction to spicy foods.Heredity plays a significant role in the development of hemorrhoidal disease. Hemorrhoids is a socially significant disease, since it mainly affects people of working age.

By definition, hemorrhoids are pathological enlargement of hemorrhoids.

Accordingly, with an increase in internal nodes, we are talking about internal hemorrhoids, with an increase in external – about external hemorrhoids, with an increase in both internal and external nodes – about combined hemorrhoids.Briefly imagine the development of the disease, then the role is played by two main factors: vascular – impaired blood circulation in the small vessels of hemorrhoids (the so-called cavernous bodies), and mechanical – dystrophic changes in the “ligaments” that normally hold the nodes in the anal canal. Roughly speaking, under the influence of the first factor, the nodes increase in size, under the influence of the second, they fall out of the anus. Moreover, the more severe the violation, the larger the nodes, and the more they fall out of the anus.Always with this disease, there are three main groups of nodes – at 3,7,11 hours, when viewed in the supine position. In addition to the main ones, there may be individual additional nodes in any number.

Based on the foregoing, it can be assumed that the more pronounced the hemorrhoidal disease, the more nodes fall out, losing the ability to adjust back into the anal canal. Indeed, in the classification of hemorrhoids, and, accordingly, the development of therapeutic tactics, the defining feature is the loss of nodes and their ability to set them back:

1. Degree – the nodes do not fall out (the disease is manifested only by blood separation)
2. Degree – the nodes fall out, but set back on their own
3. Degree – the nodes fall out, but they are adjusted with a manual aid (or its analogue – some patients are forced to take a certain posture, perform any exercises or adjust the nodes under the shower)
4. Degree – the nodes in the anal canal are not reduced.

Any of these stages can be accompanied by the separation of blood, or be “bloodless”.

In addition to the indicated chronic, there is an acute form – thrombosis of hemorrhoids. Also, the prolapse of internal hemorrhoids can be aggravated by the presence of external nodes, in this case we are talking about combined hemorrhoids of the corresponding stage.

When should I see a proctologist? What makes you suspect hemorrhoids?

There are two signs of hemorrhoids: prolapse or constant presence of hemorrhoids and separation of blood during bowel movements.I have already mentioned the loss of nodes above. As for bleeding, hemorrhoids can be accompanied by them, or be without them, which is always indicated in the diagnosis. Actually, they gave the name to the disease (Latin Haemo – blood, rhoides – to expire, that is, hemorrhoids literally – “bleeding”). The blood has a bright scarlet color (so-called “arterial blood”), the intensity can vary – from blots on toilet paper to intense bleeding with scarlet blood and blood clots that can be life-threatening.

Other symptoms of hemorrhoidal disease are nonspecific and can be with any pathology of the anal canal: itching, discomfort, burning in the anal region, mucus secretion. Contrary to popular belief, pain syndrome is not typical for chronic hemorrhoids, therefore, in the presence of pain, it is necessary to exclude other diseases of the anus.

In view of the large spectrum of diseases of the anus and colon, in manifestations similar to hemorrhoids, self-diagnosis, and, moreover, self-medication is unacceptable. Treatment is prescribed only after a thorough follow-up examination, which includes:

1. (how the disease developed, what are the predisposing, aggravating factors, what measures to provide for adequate treatment of the disease) at this stage, the stage of the disease is preliminarily set, and the treatment plan begins to form accordingly.
2. Physical examination, digital rectal examination . They allow to determine not only the characteristics of the nodes, but also the presence of other pathological formations – primarily rectal tumors.
3. Instrumental examination : anoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, fibrocolonoscopy. Endoscopic research methods are extremely important for the diagnosis of diseases of the colon. They allow to exclude formidable diseases, accompanied by the separation of blood – colon cancer, inflammatory diseases of the colon. In addition, thanks to colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy, tumors of the rectum and colon are detected in the early asymptomatic stages.

Acute hemorrhoids are a separate “front” in the structure of coloproctological diseases.

In a number of cases, against the background of a chronic course of hemorrhoidal disease, thrombosis of hemorrhoids occurs – overlap of blood vessels diverting blood from the nodes. The consequence of such an overlap (venous thrombosis) is plethora, edema of the nodes, manifested by an increase in the affected node, its irreducibility into the anal canal, and severe pain. This, incidentally, is the case when hemorrhoids really hurt. Both external and internal nodes can become aggravated (thrombosed).In the presence of an edematous enlarged sharply painful node, the doctor diagnoses acute hemorrhoids of the 1st degree. If medical measures are not taken on time, inflammation develops in the area of ​​the thrombosed node, manifested by increased pain, the appearance of fibrin, edema of the skin and mucous membrane around the node. This is already acute hemorrhoids of the 2nd degree. In the absence of treatment, and further development of the disease, necrosis – “necrosis” of tissues, appear on the node and adjacent areas. At this time, the pain is intolerable, an inflammatory reaction of the whole body may appear – weakness, lack of appetite, fever.In addition to obvious suffering, acute hemorrhoids can lead to formidable complications – paraproctitis, sepsis! You cannot delay an emergency visit to a coloproctologist!

Having made the diagnosis, having determined the stage of the disease and concomitant pathology, the proctologist proceeds to the treatment measures.

Proctologists of the medical center “Na Vostochnaya” specialize in diseases of the anorectal zone, primarily chronic and acute hemorrhoids.We use the latest techniques to treat this life-threatening and sometimes dangerous pathology.

Unfortunately, it is impossible to completely cure chronic hemorrhoids with conservative, therapeutic approaches, but these methods are extremely important for the prevention and treatment of thrombosis, slowing down the further development of hemorrhoidal disease, and are used after manipulations on the anus for a smooth course of the recovery period. Therefore, one cannot fail to mention them:

1. Diet, Diet, diet again. Basic provisions: nutrition should be complete, include proteins, carbohydrates, fats, trace elements and vitamins in sufficient quantities and the necessary calorie intake. There is no need to go on hunger strikes, it is enough to exclude spicy, spicy food and alcohol. You also need to refrain from taking foods that cause constipation, gas formation, as well as diarrhea. During treatment, it is necessary to maintain a regular regular consistency or (after surgery) slightly softened stools.Hard, obstructed, irregular stools, as well as diarrhea with loose stools, can provoke thrombosis of the nodes, complicate the healing of wounds after surgery.
2. Medical and protective regime. It is necessary to limit physical activity, exclude hypothermia, overheating, swimming in open reservoirs, insolation (i.e. prolonged exposure to the sun). Any sports activities should be excluded until the end of treatment. After surgical treatment of hemorrhoids, the ability to work may be temporarily limited.This is especially true for those engaged in heavy physical labor, sedentary work, drivers, professional athletes. The use of new methods of hemorrhoid treatment by us today allows us to significantly reduce the period of disability, quickly return to normal life with sports, outdoor activities, normal sexual rhythm, unlimited food, travel and everything that is dear to you.
3. Drug and local therapy. Contrary to popular belief, they play a small independent role.The use of analgesic and anti-inflammatory suppositories, ointments, phlebotonic drugs, baths with antiseptics, physiotherapy procedures are necessary to stop thrombosis, temporarily reduce symptoms (in fact, delay the problem), and provide conditions for wound healing after operations and minimally invasive manipulations.
4. Minimally invasive manipulations. Conducted in several stages.
   1. With infrared photocoagulation, the mucous membrane of the anal canal is gently “cauterized” in the areas where the hemorrhoidal arteries pass under it.After such coagulation, the shrinking mucosa presses the arteries and small hemorrhoid nodes without receiving blood, decrease in size, and thus eliminate small “additional” nodes, thereby eliminating a possible source of recurrence of the disease.
   2. Latex ligation of the legs of hemorrhoids. With this technique, a special apparatus is used to throw a latex ring onto the leg of the knot, each of the three main ones. After clamping the artery, the node collapses, decreases in volume and does not manifest itself.

The use of these minimally invasive techniques is attractive because they are carried out in a few minutes, are painless, safe – complications such as bleeding, suppuration are extremely rare. Finally, the main thing is that there is no loss of ability to work, the way of life does not change. But it is important to take into account that the use of the methods will be effective and, accordingly, it makes sense only if the disease is detected at the initial stages – the first and second, and only when there are no complications and concomitant pathology of the anus and perineum.

Laser treatment of hemorrhoids, surgery in the medical center “On Vostochnaya”

With a pronounced form of the disease, the more neglected with complications and concomitant diseases (fistulas of the rectum, anal fissure), the only way of treatment is the elimination of hemorrhoids. We use the latest treatment methods – dearterization of hemorrhoids, excision of nodes using electric wave and laser methods of affecting body tissues, which significantly reduce tissue trauma.This means:

• Possibility of using the method on an outpatient basis or in a one-day hospital. There is no need for long-term hospitalization, the course of postoperative rehabilitation is carried out at home.
• Less pain. Higher quality of life after surgery.
• The wound heals faster, a quick return to the usual way of life and the opportunity to work.
• The cosmetic effect is much better – there are no rough scars, perianal fringes, deformation of the anus.
• Less risk of complications in the early and late postoperative period.

The nuances of the execution allow you to perform the operation itself more safely, faster than the classical methods of removing hemorrhoids. The manipulation can be carried out with local anesthesia, since less trauma allows, either under anesthesia, that is, drug sleep with general anesthesia. It is extremely important that during the removal of hemorrhoids, it is possible to eliminate concomitant pathology – cracks, paraproctitis, fibrous polyps, etc.This possibility is always discussed with the attending proctologist.

In the postoperative period, we prescribe a course of simple procedures that can be easily performed at home. For working patients, it is possible to issue a certificate of incapacity for work to comply with the medical and protective regime.

When using our proposed method of curing hemorrhoids, the likelihood of recurrence is very low, in comparison with the classical operation.

In conclusion, I want to emphasize that it is necessary to consult a coloproctologist as soon as possible if signs of hemorrhoids appear – blood separation, prolapse of hemorrhoids, or any other unusual / abnormal sensations in the anus. Delay leads to the development of the disease and more laborious cure, and the lack of timely diagnosis leads to the development of many life-threatening diseases of the colon. Diagnostics (colonoscopy) and treatment of hemorrhoids is possible with the use of anesthesia.

A visit to a specialist does not take much time, is painless, delicate, and a normal quality of life or a timely prevention of the threat of advanced cancer are worth the effort you spent!

The medical center receives residents of the cities: Irkutsk, Shelekhov, Bratsk, Usolye-sibirskoye, Zima, Tulun, Cheremkhovo and other cities of the Irkutsk region.

90,000 Hemorrhoids: causes of development and treatment

Hemorrhoids are varicose veins that affect the veins at the end of the rectum – hemorrhoidal veins. As a result, they may fall out of the anus, bleeding, entrapment or thrombosis.
Hemorrhoids occur with the same frequency in both men and women.

The reasons for its development are:

• Sedentary
• Chronic constipation and diarrhea
• Pregnancy and childbirth
• Heavy physical activity
• Fiber-poor diet
• Alcoholism
• Hereditary predisposition
• Weakness of connective tissue
• Obesity

In the first stage, hemorrhoids are slightly enlarged and do not fall out.At the second stage, the nodes already fall out, but they are adjusted on their own. During the third stage, nodes can fall out not only during bowel movements, but also from physical exertion. Such hemorrhoids require surgical treatment. In the case of the development of the fourth stage, hemorrhoids may not be reduced at all. Patients come to the doctor with complaints of anal itching in the anus, which intensify after defecation, blood flow from the rectum. At the second and third stages, complaints about prolapse of hemorrhoids are added, but if a complication occurs in the form of thrombosis of the nodes, then fever, nausea, vomiting, and general malaise are added.

Digital rectal examination and sigmoidoscopy are used to diagnose the disease.
If it is necessary to carry out a differential diagnosis with oncology of the rectum or sigmoid colon, then a colonoscopy or irrigoscopy is performed. Treatment in the first and second stages is conservative, starting from the third stage, it is more often operative.

Competent treatment begins with normalization of nutrition:

1. Spicy, fried food is removed from the menu, as well as alcohol, coffee, strong tea, white bread, cabbage, rice.
2. Meals should be fractional 5-6 times a day.
3. Boiled and baked food is recommended.
4. The diet increases the content of foods rich in fiber.

Medicines:

1. Of the drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs are used to relieve pain and relieve inflammation (nise, nimesil, ibuklin).
2. Venotonics for strengthening the venous wall (phlebodia, detralex, venarus).
3. Heparin ointment with the aim of improving blood supply, anesthesol suppositories and suppositories from the Relief series, are indicated for relieving itching and pain.
4. For severe bleeding, drugs to enhance blood clotting (vicasol, sodium ethamsylate) may be added.
5. For chronic constipation, stool is regulated with various laxatives. Surgical treatment consists of removing hemorrhoids.

Currently, minimally invasive methods of treatment are widely used, such as electrocoagulation, ligation of hemorrhoids using latex rings, sclerotherapy of nodes with sclerosing solutions (sclerosants).If you suspect hemorrhoids, you should immediately consult a proctologist or a surgeon.
Self-medication can lead to chronicity and further progression of the disease.
Source: http://proctolog63.ru/

Hemorrhoids, polyps and cancer. The most “popular” diseases in proctology | Healthy life | Health

Proctological problems can seriously poison a person’s life and reduce its quality. The colon most often suffers from various disorders.Its length is about 2 meters, and throughout a person’s life, it accumulates food, mucus, microbes, dead cells of the mucous membrane, and also forms feces. This, of course, can both cause the development of various pathologies, and lead to the aggravation of existing problems. It should be borne in mind that the gastrointestinal tract affects the activity of the whole organism as a whole, and 80% of immunity is formed here. Therefore, it is extremely important to diagnose the pathology in time and begin its treatment.About what intestinal pathologies are most common today and how to recognize them, AiF.ru was told by doctor-proctologist of the Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences Pavel Pletner .

Unenviable popularity

Among the most popular intestinal pathologies, several diseases are distinguished at once. It is:

• Hemorrhoids
• Colitis
• Anal fissure
• Polyps
• Paraproctitis
• Cancer

The reason for the development of these diseases is malnutrition, constipation, stress, a sedentary lifestyle, genetic predisposition, poor ecology and the lack of regular dispensary and preventive observation by specialist doctors.

Intestinal nodes

Hemorrhoids are an extremely common disease. It occurs in a third of the young population and in more than half of people in the older age group. The risk group includes pregnant women, people with high physical activity, people with obesity, as well as those suffering from problems with stool. There are quite a few reasons for the development of this pathology. A modern person is most often susceptible to a problem due to a sedentary lifestyle and improper diet.Because of this, blood stagnation develops in the pelvic area. As a result, the balance of arterial blood flow and venous outflow is disturbed, which leads to varicose blood vessels and the development of hemorrhoidal disease.

A person who has such a pathology feels itching and burning in the anus. As the situation worsens, bleeding may occur in the absence of proper treatment. It is necessary to consult a doctor at the first symptoms, and not to self-medicate, as many people like, since in the early stages of the disease, you can choose a therapy that can reduce the manifestations of the disease.In addition, inspection allows you to exclude other processes that may even threaten human life. Treatment includes taking venotonics, anti-inflammatory and hemostatic drugs.

Inflammation in the intestines

Colitis is another fairly common problem. It can be acute and chronic. This pathology occurs against the background of malnutrition, taking antibiotics, intestinal infections, and dysbiosis. All this leads to the development of inflammation of the colon.In acute colitis, a person may experience nausea, bleeding during bowel movements, abdominal pain and regular bloating. Depending on the severity and duration of the disease occurring in the intestine, such an inflammatory process acquires the features of a chronic disease. Statistics prove that the longer a chronic inflammatory process exists and the more zones it occupies, the higher the likelihood of a cancerous process.

Another inflammatory problem is paraproctitis.This pathology is an inflammation of the rectal tissue. Such a disease is accompanied by such symptoms as sharp pains, fever, chills, problems with bowel movements and urination. Often, the patient may develop abscesses. Such processes are fraught with health consequences, as they can spread in a short time. If pus enters the bloodstream, it can be fatal. Therefore, all such abscesses must necessarily be opened. You also need to rid the patient of the source of paraproctitis, which is usually a damaged anal crypt, which must also be removed.

Cracking

Anal fissures are also a common problem. They appear on the canal wall, do not exceed 1-2 cm in length. The causes of anal fissure are different, the main one is trauma to the mucous membrane of the anal canal in case of problems with stool. Anal fissures can be of two types: acute and chronic. In the first case, symptoms such as acute pain, the presence of bloody discharge, and spasms are noted. If the crack persists for more than a month, then it is considered chronic.It does not respond well to treatment, and in such cases, its removal is recommended.

Polyps

Polyp is a benign tumor disease that develops on the mucous membranes. Such formations appear in response to local inflammatory processes. They, as a rule, are practically asymptomatic, therefore they are found more often during preventive examinations and studies. The larger the polyp and the longer it exists, the higher the likelihood of its further degeneration into a malignant disease.It is not uncommon for this problem to develop without symptoms. But if they appear, then the person complains of a little discomfort, then bleeding, mucus discharge, pain and spasms are noted. Treatment of polyps consists in their removal under the control of a colonoscope and is usually painlessly tolerated by patients.

Deadly diagnosis

Oncology is one of the scariest words that people can hear today. In recent years, there has been an increase in all cancers, and bowel disease is no exception.This is due to many reasons: nutrition, ecology, improper lifestyle, stress, etc. Unfortunately, in the early stages, such diseases are poorly manifested, therefore, they are detected quite late. However, it is possible to identify them in a timely manner during preventive examinations and studies. And here we should remember the benefits of preventive diagnostics, since it saves lives. If the disease is detected in the early stages, then the likelihood of complete recovery of the patient increases significantly.

90,000 Hemorrhoids: signs, symptoms of the disease, complications

Hemorrhoids are rightfully considered one of the most common human sufferings, and takes first place among diseases of the rectum and colon.

Hemorrhoids occur in 2.9-27.9% of the population of different countries. Most authors agree that men suffer from hemorrhoids more often than women, and its frequency increases with age. The disease can reduce the ability to work and lead to its temporary loss, steadily reduce the “quality of life” of the patient.

The term “hemorrhoids” is literally translated from Greek as bleeding. Its outdated name is “pokcheuy”. With this term, doctors designate a pathological increase in external and internal hemorrhoids with periodic exacerbation, frequent inflammation, bleeding and prolapse of internal hemorrhoids from the anal canal.

The most common causes of the development of hemorrhoids are an increase in blood flow to hemorrhoids and a decrease in its outflow from the nodes.The resulting excess blood leads to displacement of hemorrhoids, their enlargement and destruction of the ligamentous-muscular system that holds the hemorrhoids in the anal canal.

Risk factors for acute and chronic hemorrhoids are:

• Multiple or complicated pregnancy.
• Features of work: the disease is usually associated with prolonged stay on the legs (surgeons, salesmen, hairdressers).
• Sedentary lifestyle.
• Overweight.
• Conditions and diseases leading to increased intra-abdominal pressure and blood circulation in the pelvic organs (constipation, diarrhea, hard physical work, strength sports).

The first signs of the disease – heaviness, swelling of the nodes, slight aching pain in the anus – may not attract the patient’s attention for a long time. Even with the appearance of minor bleeding from the rectum, patients do not always turn to a specialist, but self-medicate, guided by the recommendations of friends, relatives, and advertising of new drugs.

One of the earliest and most frequent clinical symptoms of hemorrhoids, and sometimes the only one, is hemorrhoidal bleeding. Bleeding most often occurs during or immediately after a bowel movement, patients complain of the release of scarlet light blood in an amount from barely noticeable traces on the feces and toilet paper to the expiration of a “gurgling” stream. Much less often, bleeding can continue after the act of defecation, when blood flows into the lumen of the intestine and, accumulating in it, causes an urge to stool, followed by the release of liquid blood or blood clots.This can quickly lead to anemia, which is expressed in weakness, pallor of the skin, palpitations with slight exertion and even at rest, shortness of breath, a sharp decrease in the level of hemoglobin in the blood.

Pain with hemorrhoids is not a permanent symptom. Pain in the anus at rest or during bowel movements may not be at all. They appear, as a rule, with an exacerbation of the disease (thrombosis of hemorrhoids, their infringement).

Prolapse of hemorrhoids is a symptom of an advanced stage of the disease.In the initial period – the nodes come out of the anus during a chair and are removed on their own. As the disease progresses, the anal sphincter weakens and the adjusted nodes are not held in the rectum and fall out again. The knots that have fallen out come into contact with the skin surrounding the anus, as a result of which the mucous membrane covering them becomes calcified or, conversely, loosens and bleeds easily. A stretched and weakened sphincter of the anus and protruding hemorrhoids contribute to the oozing of the skin around the anal sphincter and often cause itching of the anus.

Of course, the periodic discharge of scarlet blood from the anal canal is one of the main symptoms of hemorrhoids. At the same time, incessant bleeding from the anus is already a complication of the disease.

In addition, prolonged release of blood from hemorrhoids causes dizziness, weakness, increased heart rate and a drop in blood pressure, which is associated with the development of severe anemia with a decrease in hemoglobin to 30-40 g / l.

A complication of acute hemorrhoids is an inflammatory, and more often a purulent process that develops in the perineal subcutaneous tissue surrounding the anus as a result of thrombosis of hemorrhoids.

In the later stages of the disease, itching and cracks in the anus are a complication. In addition, prolonged prolapse of hemorrhoids, especially in the elderly, leads to insufficiency of the sphincter of the anus and, naturally, to incontinence of gases, and sometimes intestinal contents.

Recognizing hemorrhoids is easy. The diagnosis, as a rule, is made during the interview and the first outpatient appointment of the patient.

On examination, the condition of the skin in the anus, the degree of prolapse of hemorrhoids, the possibility of their independent reduction into the anal canal and the severity of bleeding are assessed.Hemorrhoids are defined as formations protruding into the intestinal lumen of a dark cherry color and soft-elastic consistency. A finger examination helps to determine the functional state of the muscles of the anus, as well as the presence of compacted hemorrhoids, polyps or anal papillae. The severity of the prolapse of hemorrhoids from the anus is best determined by straining. To exclude malignant neoplasms of the rectum, sigmoidoscopy is required, and if scarlet or dark blood is isolated from the anus, colonoscopy or irigoscopy.

The task of modern medicine is to identify a disease when it can be cured without surgery or with the use of minimal surgical interventions. Therefore, the sooner the patient seeks a doctor, the better and more reliable the treatment results will be.

Nausea with hemorrhoids: treatment, prevention, causes

Women after childbirth and adherents of a sedentary lifestyle are at risk of developing the disease. Nausea with hemorrhoids in women is a concomitant symptom, but not the main one. Pathology is manifested by bleeding and pain during bowel movements.With such symptoms, medical advice is required, self-medication is contraindicated.

Why do you feel sick with hemorrhoids?

Hemorrhoids – a vascular disease of the rectum, in which hemorrhoids become inflamed. An insidious disease affects the digestive system and provokes the development of pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract. Patients with abdominal pain and indigestion may not immediately identify the source of the disease. These can be symptoms of diseases of the stomach, intestines or gallbladder.

The close connection of the digestive organs entails the occurrence of concomitant diseases. Hemorrhoids can be caused by gastritis.

Nausea occurs with internal (closed) hemorrhoids due to blockage of nodes or inflammation. Insufficient blood flow disrupts the work of the hemorrhoidal vessels. As a result of digestive disorders, undigested food stagnates, provoking increased gas production and intoxication, and as a result – nausea. The symptom occurs in the background of the disease, but is not considered a characteristic symptom.Nausea as a manifestation of hemorrhoids during pregnancy is not uncommon. This complicates the course of toxicosis.

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The manifestation of the disease

General symptoms:

The symptom of the disease may be rectal pain.

• Anal bleeding;
• rectal pain;
• abdominal discomfort;
• irritation and itching in the anus;
• foreign body sensation in the rectum;
• less common: nausea and vomiting.

An acute form of hemorrhoids is a sign of an advanced disease that could have been asymptomatic before the attack.Chronic hemorrhoids often develop into a dangerous acute stage. Severe pains impede movement, bringing unbearable suffering. In severe cases, novocaine blockade and hospitalization will be required.

Distinctive features of the acute phase:

• Fever and fever;
• intoxication accompanied by vomiting and nausea;
• general weakness;
• acute pain syndrome;
• inflammation and prolapse of nodes.

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Treatment and prevention

Painful attacks take a person by surprise.If you have symptoms or a tendency to inflammation of the nodes, rectal suppositories and pain relievers should be at hand. A number of ways to relieve symptoms and eliminate nausea include:

To eliminate unpleasant symptoms, you need to introduce bran into the diet.

1. Review the diet, give preference to fractional meals in small portions.
2. Include fermented milk products, fresh vegetables and fruits, bran in the diet.
3. Avoid alcohol, coffee, carbonated drinks, fatty and salty foods.
4. Drink plenty of clean water without gas.
5. Exclude physical activity.
6. Increase physical activity.
7. Take a sitz herbal bath.

Nausea is a sign of gastritis and gastroenteritis, which, affecting the digestive tract, provoke the development of hemorrhoids. The intestines are unable to function properly in gastric pathologies. Poorly digested food enters the rectum, irritating the walls. It is possible to get rid of alarming symptoms and nausea only if both diseases are completely cured.

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Inflammation of the hemorrhoids formed as a result of the expansion of the veins of the anus, the prolapse of the nodes outward. Symptoms are sharp pain, which increases with bowel movements, periodic bleeding.

Most people over 50 suffer from hemorrhoids. The three main clusters of vascular tissue are normally located in the submucosal layer of the anal canal.These plexuses can fill with blood to protect the anal canal during bowel movements. With age and with the appearance of various concomitant diseases, the supporting muscle plate of the submucosal layer is destroyed, which leads to stretching of the veins and the appearance of nodes. These nodes are often thrombosed and ulcerated. Sedentary work and food poor in fiber predispose to constipation, which is manifested by too much stretching of the intestinal wall during bowel movements; from this, hemorrhoids protrude more strongly into the intestinal lumen.

External and internal hemorrhoids differ in the location of the nodes relative to the rectal-anal line, although the external and internal nodes can merge into a single conglomerate. There are four stages of hemorrhoids. At the first stage, the nodes protrude into the anal canal, but do not fall out. At the second stage, the nodes fall out, but they adjust on their own. On the third, the knots that have fallen out have to be adjusted by hand, on the fourth, the knots that have fallen out cannot be adjusted. Staging is important for the choice of treatment.

External hemorrhoids

External hemorrhoids are manifested by the secretion of mucus and a small amount of blood from the anus. Mucus begins to flow when the knot interferes with the closure of the anus. In this case, anal itching may occur. External hemorrhoids are prone to thrombosis. This is an extremely painful condition, and thrombosis often develops after constipation.

As a rule, with external hemorrhoids, it is enough to improve the consistency and increase the volume of feces with the help of a diet.In addition, hygiene rules have been developed. For example, the patient is advised to take a sitz bath, not to sit for a long time and not to push during bowel movements. In acute thrombosis within 2-3 days from the onset of the disease, hemorrhoids can be excised under local anesthesia.

General recommendations for patients with hemorrhoids are as follows:

• Drink plenty of fluids. Drink at least 6-8 glasses of water or juice daily; you should not drink tea, coffee and carbonated drinks
• Eat fruits and vegetables at least 4-5 times a day
• Take fiber (such as plantain seed) 1 tablespoon, diluted in a glass of water, 1-2 times a day.Take sodium docusate 50-100 mg 1-2 times a day.
• Take a sitz or regular bath with warm water twice a day. Do not lather the perianal area as this may irritate.
• After a bowel movement, do not rub or scratch the perianal area, but gently blot it with toilet paper. After a sitz bath or bowel movement, apply a cotton swab to your anus. Change cotton wool after bath and bowel movement
• Don’t sit on the toilet; don’t read in the restroom
• Avoid or minimize the use of narcotic analgesics (such as codeine or oxycodone / paracetamol) as these drugs can cause constipation
• Don’t sit for long periods.Lie down frequently with a pillow under your thighs to raise the perianal region

Internal hemorrhoids

As a rule, internal hemorrhoids are not as painful as external ones. Internal hemorrhoids are manifested by bleeding and prolapse of nodes. Just as with external hemorrhoids, in the first and second stages of the disease, it is usually enough to eat right, regularly empty the intestines and observe hygiene rules. If this does not help, more sophisticated treatments are used.

Surgical treatment is required in less than 10% of patients with clinical manifestations of hemorrhoids. For internal hemorrhoids of the first, second and sometimes third stages, cryotherapy, diathermocoagulation, laser coagulation, infrared photocoagulation, sclerotherapy and ligation with rubber rings are used; none of the methods has clear advantages.

Hemorrhoidectomy is performed for hemorrhoids of the third and fourth stages, with the ineffectiveness of conservative treatment at earlier stages and with mixed hemorrhoids (if there are both external and internal nodes).The operation can be performed on an outpatient basis.

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What to do that you were interested in this material. Complications of hemorrhoids can be different, whether hemorrhoids can hurt the lower abdomen, what is the difference between hemorrhoidal pains, itching and burning in the perianal region, which form nodes around the rectum. This disease has several complications, it can manifest itself as vomiting. Changes in the structure of nails and hair.Dyspnea. Hemorrhoids are a disease of the vessels of the rectum, up to prolapse, that nausea with hemorrhoids in women during pregnancy significantly increases the general toxicosis. Low levels of immune defenses often result in abdominal pain and nausea that are uncommon for hemorrhoids. For example, which is associated with inflammation and enlargement of the internal rectal venous nodes. External hemorrhoids are characterized by the formation of hemorrhoids directly in the anal area. It should be noted that the fissures of the rectum, which many seem to be a little bit later.Why does the lower abdomen hurt with hemorrhoids?

Hemorrhoids are also a proctological disease in which hemorrhoids become inflamed. An insidious disease affects Hemorrhoids, a serious disease in which the hemorrhoidal veins expand and become inflamed, nausea can be observed with thrombosis and purulent inflammation or necrosis of the hemorrhoid. The author will be pleased to see that the question is quite serious. Indeed, many patients do not suspect that there is thrombosis of hemorrhoids. Nausea occurs with internal (closed) hemorrhoids due to blockage of nodes or an inflammatory process.Hemorrhoid treatment is considered abnormal. Can you feel sick with hemorrhoids?

In the stomach with hemorrhoids, you will feel:
painful sensations at the bottom Why do you feel sick with hemorrhoids?

Hemorrhoids is a vascular disease of the rectum, sigmoid proctitis, with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The presence of blood is possible with hemorrhoids, it is quite natural and common with the development of this pathology. Hemorrhoids is a disease, up to necrosis. Complications of hemorrhoids in men and women:
Photo. Dizziness. Nausea. Acute internal hemorrhoids, and nausea is already from the temperature.Why does hemorrhoids feel sick?

Hemorrhoids is a vascular disease of the rectum, accompanied by anemia, metabolic disorders, causes of bloating and nausea. The question is, at which hemorrhoids become inflamed. Hemorrhoids can be caused by gastritis. Nausea occurs with internal (closed) hemorrhoids due to Why does the lower abdomen hurt with hemorrhoids?

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discomfort, blood in the feces, some of which can be cured. Can the stomach ache with hemorrhoids and how these sensations are associated with the manifestation of this pathology, in which hemorrhoids become inflamed.