What is light therapy for eczema. How does phototherapy work for atopic dermatitis. Who can benefit from eczema light treatments. What are the pros and cons of UV therapy for eczema. How effective is phototherapy compared to other eczema treatments.

Understanding Eczema and Its Impact on Quality of Life

Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic skin condition that can significantly affect a person’s well-being. It causes intense itching, visible rashes, and disrupted sleep, which can strain relationships and overall quality of life. While many patients find relief through moisturizers and corticosteroid creams, these topical treatments aren’t always effective for everyone. This is where light therapy, or phototherapy, comes into play as an alternative treatment option.

What Is Light Therapy for Eczema?

Light therapy for eczema, also called phototherapy, involves exposing the skin to controlled amounts of ultraviolet (UV) light. This treatment works by suppressing overactive immune system cells in the skin that cause inflammation. The UV light effectively “chases away” the white blood cells responsible for triggering inflammation, resulting in an anti-inflammatory effect. Additionally, light therapy can smooth out eczema lesions and decrease skin thickening.

Types of Light Therapy for Eczema

• Narrowband UVB: The most common and preferred form of phototherapy
• Broadband UVB: Less effective and less commonly used
• PUVA (Psoralen + UVA): Used less frequently due to potential side effects and cancer risk

Who Can Benefit from Eczema Light Therapy?

Light therapy can be an excellent option for various individuals struggling with eczema. It may be particularly beneficial for:

• People who prefer not to use injectable medications
• Those who want to avoid the side effects of systemic medications
• Patients with targeted eczema on specific body parts like hands or feet
• Individuals with widespread eczema covering large areas of the body
• Children who are mature enough to stand alone during treatment
• Pregnant women (under medical supervision)

It’s important to note that light therapy is not typically the first line of treatment for eczema. Doctors usually recommend moisturizers and corticosteroids as initial interventions before considering phototherapy.

The Science Behind Light Therapy’s Effectiveness

Light therapy works by targeting the underlying immune system dysfunction that contributes to eczema symptoms. When UV light penetrates the skin, it affects various cellular processes:

1. Suppression of overactive immune cells
2. Reduction of inflammation
3. Modulation of skin barrier function
4. Alteration of skin microbiome

These mechanisms combined lead to a decrease in eczema symptoms and improved skin health. But how exactly does each type of light therapy differ in its approach?

Narrowband UVB: The Gold Standard

Narrowband UVB has become the preferred method of phototherapy for eczema. This treatment uses a specific, narrow part of the UVB spectrum, which minimizes overall UV radiation exposure while maximizing therapeutic effects. Its ability to penetrate the skin effectively makes it superior to broadband UVB. Moreover, narrowband UVB doesn’t require the use of photosensitizing medications, making it a safer option for many patients.

PUVA: A Powerful but Riskier Option

PUVA therapy combines UVA light with a photosensitizing medication called psoralen. While effective, this treatment carries a higher risk of side effects, including nausea from the medication and an increased risk of skin cancer. Due to these concerns, PUVA is used less frequently for eczema and is more commonly reserved for severe cases or other skin conditions like psoriasis.

The Pros and Cons of Light Therapy for Eczema

As with any medical treatment, light therapy for eczema comes with both benefits and potential drawbacks. Understanding these can help patients and healthcare providers make informed decisions about treatment options.

Advantages of Light Therapy

• Non-invasive treatment option
• Effective for widespread eczema
• Reduces need for topical medications over large areas
• Safe for children and pregnant women (when properly administered)
• Can be targeted to specific body areas
• Doesn’t involve systemic medications or their side effects

Disadvantages and Risks

• Requires multiple sessions and ongoing maintenance
• Time-consuming treatment process
• Potential for skin burning if not properly administered
• Long-term use may increase skin cancer risk (especially with PUVA)
• Not suitable for everyone (e.g., those with certain photosensitive conditions)
• Can be expensive if not covered by insurance

How Light Therapy Compares to Other Eczema Treatments

When considering light therapy for eczema, it’s essential to understand how it stacks up against other treatment options. How does phototherapy compare to traditional eczema treatments in terms of effectiveness, safety, and convenience?

Light Therapy vs. Topical Treatments

Topical treatments like moisturizers and corticosteroid creams are typically the first line of defense against eczema. They’re easy to apply and can be effective for mild to moderate cases. However, they may not provide sufficient relief for severe or widespread eczema. Light therapy can be a valuable alternative or adjunct treatment in these cases, offering a more comprehensive approach to managing symptoms.

Light Therapy vs. Systemic Medications

Systemic medications, such as methotrexate or biologic drugs, affect the entire body and can be highly effective for severe eczema. However, they often come with more significant side effects and may not be suitable for everyone. Light therapy provides a middle ground, offering systemic-like effects without the same risk profile. It’s particularly advantageous for patients who can’t or prefer not to take oral or injectable medications.

Combination Approaches

In many cases, the most effective eczema management involves a combination of treatments. Light therapy can be used alongside topical treatments or as a stepping stone between topical and systemic therapies. This multi-faceted approach allows for personalized treatment plans that address each patient’s unique needs and preferences.

The Light Therapy Treatment Process: What to Expect

For those considering light therapy for eczema, understanding the treatment process can help alleviate concerns and set realistic expectations. What does a typical light therapy session involve, and how long does treatment usually last?

Initial Assessment

Before beginning light therapy, patients undergo a thorough evaluation by a dermatologist. This assessment includes:

• Review of medical history and previous treatments
• Examination of eczema severity and distribution
• Discussion of treatment goals and potential risks
• Determination of the most appropriate type of light therapy

Treatment Sessions

Light therapy sessions typically follow a structured protocol:

1. The patient undresses to expose affected areas of skin
2. Protective eyewear is worn to shield the eyes from UV light
3. The patient stands in a light box or receives targeted treatment to specific areas
4. Exposure time starts short (often just seconds) and gradually increases with each session
5. Sessions are usually conducted 2-3 times per week

The duration of each session and the total number of treatments required vary depending on the individual’s response and the severity of their eczema. A typical course of treatment might last several weeks to a few months.

Maintenance and Follow-up

After the initial treatment phase, many patients benefit from maintenance sessions to prevent relapse. These may be scheduled less frequently, such as once a week or every other week. Regular follow-up appointments with the dermatologist are essential to monitor progress and adjust treatment as needed.

Maximizing the Benefits of Light Therapy for Eczema

While light therapy can be highly effective for managing eczema, its success often depends on how well patients adhere to treatment protocols and incorporate complementary care strategies. What can patients do to enhance the effectiveness of their light therapy treatments?

Consistency is Key

Attending all scheduled light therapy sessions is crucial for achieving optimal results. Skipping treatments can disrupt progress and may prolong the overall treatment duration. Patients should communicate with their healthcare providers if they face challenges in maintaining their treatment schedule.

Skin Care During Treatment

Proper skin care remains essential during light therapy. Patients should:

• Continue using prescribed moisturizers and topical medications as directed
• Avoid applying products that may increase photosensitivity before sessions
• Protect treated skin from excessive sun exposure between sessions
• Report any unusual skin reactions or concerns to their dermatologist promptly

Lifestyle Factors

Certain lifestyle modifications can complement light therapy and improve overall eczema management:

• Identifying and avoiding eczema triggers
• Maintaining a consistent skincare routine
• Managing stress through relaxation techniques or counseling
• Staying hydrated and following a balanced diet
• Using gentle, fragrance-free products for bathing and laundry

Future Directions in Eczema Light Therapy

As research in dermatology and immunology progresses, new developments in light therapy for eczema continue to emerge. What advancements can we expect in the coming years, and how might they improve treatment options for patients?

Targeted Phototherapy

Advances in laser technology are paving the way for more precise, targeted phototherapy treatments. These approaches may allow for higher intensity treatments on specific areas while minimizing exposure to healthy skin. This could potentially increase efficacy and reduce treatment times.

Combination Therapies

Researchers are exploring innovative combinations of light therapy with other treatment modalities. For example, combining phototherapy with topical or oral medications may enhance overall efficacy and allow for lower doses of each treatment, potentially reducing side effects.

Home-Based Light Therapy

The development of safe, effective home phototherapy devices could revolutionize eczema treatment. These units would allow patients to receive treatments more conveniently and potentially reduce the cost and time associated with in-office visits. However, careful monitoring and guidance from healthcare providers would remain essential.

Personalized Treatment Protocols

Advances in genetic testing and biomarker analysis may lead to more personalized light therapy protocols. By identifying specific genetic or immunological factors that influence treatment response, dermatologists could tailor phototherapy regimens to individual patients, optimizing outcomes and minimizing risks.

As research continues to unfold, light therapy remains a promising and evolving treatment option for individuals struggling with eczema. By staying informed about current best practices and emerging technologies, patients and healthcare providers can work together to harness the full potential of phototherapy in managing this challenging skin condition.

The Pros and Cons of Eczema Light Therapy

Anyone dealing with eczema knows how debilitating the disease can be. “It’s miserable to live with eczema — it has a big impact on a person’s quality of life, causing chronic itchiness, visible rashes on the body, and disrupted sleep,” says Melissa Piliang, MD, a dermatologist at the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio. “It can even impact relationships.” While some people with eczema may turn to moisturizers and corticosteroid creams to help prevent and calm flare-ups, topical treatments don’t always work for every patient. That’s where light therapy may come in.

RELATED: How Is Eczema Treated?

The Lowdown on Light Therapy for Eczema

Eczema light therapy, or phototherapy, refers to the use of ultraviolet (UV) light to treat the skin rash and itching of eczema. Exposing the skin to UV light suppresses overactive skin immune system cells that cause inflammation, explains Elizabeth H. Page, MD, a dermatologist at Beth Israel Lahey Health and assistant clinical professor of dermatology at Harvard Medical School in Boston. “Light therapy works by chasing away the white blood cells that trigger the inflammation, so light therapy is anti-inflammatory.”

Another payoff? “Light therapy also smoothes the lesions, decreasing skin thickening,” says Emma Guttman-Yassky, MD, PhD, a dermatologist and the director of the Laboratory of Inflammatory Skin Diseases at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City.

Who Is a Fit for Light Therapy’s Perks

While light therapy is usually not the first line of defense for people with eczema (moisturizers and corticosteroids are usually step one), it could be a good option if a person doesn’t want to take a medication that requires an injection, doesn’t like needles, or doesn’t want the side effects of a systemic medication, which is one that affects the entire body, says Dr. Piliang. For example, the medication methotrexate (Trexall, Rheumatrex), which is given by injection or taken as a pill, is used to help treat severe cases of eczema, but you can’t take it if you have liver disease or if you drink alcohol, notes Piliang; per the National Eczema Society, pregnant or breastfeeding women should not take it either.

“Light therapy works well for people with targeted eczema, like on their hands or feet, because dermatologists can isolate those areas with the light,” says Piliang.

In addition, it can be helpful for someone who has head-to-toe eczema. “It’s a good way to treat widespread eczema and reduces the need to put prescription creams and ointment over a large area of the body,” says Dr. Page.

It’s also considered a safe treatment for kids, says Piliang. There is no age requirement; rather, the child needs to be mature enough to stand alone. Eczema light therapy is not given to infants, according to the Mayo Clinic. Piliang adds that it’s a nice option for pregnant women.

Just know that light therapy for eczema is not the same as basking in the sun all day. “Natural sunlight can help relieve symptoms of eczema, but artificially produced UV light is best for eczema treatment because it can be controlled and given under supervision,” says Page. Taking this medical route is different than using tanning beds, explains Piliang, because the medical light boxes filter out some UV wavelengths, so this therapy is the safer option.

RELATED: No, Eczema Isn’t Contagious, But Here’s How Secondary Infections Can Be Spread

How Light Therapy Works to Help Treat Eczema

Years ago, doctors used three types of eczema phototherapy, but these days one has come out on top. “The most common form of phototherapy is narrowband UVB, which has largely replaced other forms of phototherapy such as broadband UVB and PUVA,” says Page. Dr. Guttman-Yassky adds, “Narrowband UVB may be best as it’s safe and effective.”

PUVA Light Therapy

PUVA is when a doctor uses UVA wavelength light, says Page, but to make the treatment effective, the oral medication psoralen must be taken an hour beforehand (the abbreviation PUVA stands for psoralen plus UVA), so the skin is more sensitive to the light therapy. Some people are unable to tolerate PUVA because of nausea from psoralen, according to the American Osteopathic College of Dermatology. There are other serious risks with UVA light treatment. “We use far less of this treatment because of the skin cancer risk,” says Piliang. This treatment is more commonly used for treating psoriasis than eczema.

Narrowband UVB Light Therapy

“Narrowband UVB uses a small part of the UVB spectrum, which cuts down on exposure to UV radiation,” says Page. This makes it more appealing than broadband UVB, which is also less effective at penetrating the skin, according to the National Eczema Society. In addition, a review published in October 2019 in the Expert Review of Clinical Immunology called narrowband UVB light the “gold standard” of light therapy treatment for eczema in terms of safety and efficacy.

What to Expect at Your Light Therapy Appointment

“Patients usually go to light therapy appointments two or three times a week for several weeks to months,” says Piliang. At the appointment, you’ll moisturize your skin, then stand undressed (except for underwear) in a light box, with goggles on to protect your eyes, according to the National Eczema Association. Treatment can last anywhere from seconds to a couple of minutes, the society notes.

While light therapy may sound like a simple way to help with eczema, it’s not without its drawbacks.

RELATED: Bacteria Therapy for Eczema Shows Promise for More Effective, Cheaper Treatment

Possible Disadvantages of Eczema Light Therapy

Cost may be a con of eczema light therapy: For insured patients, there may be a copay involved for each time you receive treatment, plus deductible considerations. Another potential drawback is that it’s time-consuming and requires many trips to a doctor’s office over several weeks, Page says. “If you’re driving 30 minutes to your doctor’s office, waiting for your appointment, taking your clothes off, standing in the booth, then putting your clothes back on and driving home, it might be too much of a time commitment for you,” says Piliang. “If you live close to your doctor’s office, it may be convenient, but if not, it might be too difficult to do this several times a week. ”

Other drawbacks of eczema phototherapy may include these considerations:

Burning Artificial UV light, like natural sunlight, can result in tender sunburn and even blistering. Skin may redden and itch. Though, according to NYU Langone Health, side effects to phototherapy happen infrequently and tend to go away quickly. Also worth noting: “People who have a light complexion have more tendency to burn, and dosing needs to be adjusted accordingly,” says Page.

Skin Damage Over time, age spots and other signs of aging like wrinkles may appear, says Page.

Skin Cancer PUVA, an older form of phototherapy, has been shown to cause skin cancer, Page says. “Although there is no proof that narrowband UVB causes skin cancer, this is a theoretical possibility, and it is important to limit exposure as much as possible,” she says. Separately, indoor tanning is not a good alternative to phototherapy and has been shown to increase the risk of skin cancer, Page notes.

Varied Effectiveness While light therapy can be beneficial for some individuals, it may not be right for everyone — especially for people with extreme cases of the skin condition. “It doesn’t work on highly widespread disease and works less on very thick lesions,” says Guttman-Yassky. In very severe cases, a systemic biologic or oral medication may be needed at least initially, she advises.

RELATED: The Best Natural and Essential Oils to Help Soothe Eczema-Prone Skin

Is Light Therapy Right for Your Eczema Treatment Plan?

Despite the potential drawbacks, “UV light therapy is an effective treatment for moderate to severe eczema if it is carefully controlled and the proper precautions are taken,” says Page. Talk to your dermatologist to see if eczema light treatment might work for you.

The Latest in Eczema

Is Atopic Dermatitis Interfering With Your Body Image?

Atopic dermatitis (eczema) flares can take their toll on your body image and self-esteem. Take this quiz to see if your skin condition is interfering …

By Jen LaskeyApril 10, 2023

Are Your Atopic Dermatitis Symptoms Under Control?

Take this quiz to find out if your eczema (atopic dermatitis) symptoms — dry skin, itchy skin, red to brownish-grey patches — are under control or whether…

By Erica PatinoApril 10, 2023

What Is Scalp Eczema? Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More

Scalp eczema is a type of eczema that causes inflamed, itchy, dry skin to form on the scalp. The most common type of scalp eczema is known as seborrheic…

By Joseph Bennington-CastroApril 3, 2023

Causes, Symptoms, and Risk Factors of Eczema

The exact cause is unknown, but these risk factors could lead to eczema or atopic dermatitis. Here’s what you need to know.

By Joseph Bennington-CastroApril 1, 2023

What Is Perioral Dermatitis? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

Perioral dermatitis refers to irritation that occurs around the mouth. In this guide, learn about signs and risk factors for the skin rash, as well as…

By Ashley WelchMarch 9, 2023

Phototherapy | Eczema Treatment | Eczema.org

Phototherapy

Jump to:

Introduction

What is ultraviolet light?

How does phototherapy work?

Types of phototherapy

How long and what dosage is a course of phototherapy treatment?

When is phototherapy used?

What can I expect from my first visit?

What are the side effects?

Should I still use my emollients and topical treatments?

Is there anything I need to avoid while having phototherapy?

Phototherapy for children

Is phototherapy the same thing as a sunbed salon in the high-street?

You can buy UVB machines for small areas such as hands – are these any good?

Phototherapy for children – Ask the Expert

Introduction

Phototherapy (light therapy) refers to the use of ultraviolet (UV) light to treat moderate to severe
eczema in children and adults. Phototherapy is a second-line treatment option that is only available at specialist clinics or hospitals.

To be considered for phototherapy, you need to have tried topical therapies and found that they do not control your eczema. You will then need to be referred to a dermatologist, who will assess your suitability for a course of phototherapy. Your treatment sessions will then be supervised by a nurse or a physiotherapist.

What is ultraviolet light?

In nature, UV radiation is part of the electromagnetic (light) spectrum that reaches the Earth from the sun. UV wavelengths are classified as UVA, UVB or UVC. The latter has the shortest rays and is mostly absorbed by the ozone layer, so does not reach Earth. However, both UVA and UVB penetrate the atmosphere (90% UVA and 10% UVB). UV light is important for health (Vitamin D production) and is responsible for tanning and burning the skin. Excessive UV radiation causes skin cell damage, which can lead to skin cancer.

How does phototherapy work?

Natural sunlight can help improve symptoms of eczema for some people by reducing the inflammatory response in the skin. Both UVA and UVB wavelengths are used to treat eczema. UV light appears to have an effect on the immune system. In particular it seems to reduce the number of cells called T-cell lymphocytes in the skin. These cells are involved in the inflammatory response and are known to play an important part in eczema. A reduced number of these cells results in less inflammation and an associated improvement in symptoms.

Phototherapy improves the skin gradually after several weeks of regular treatments. Treatments are given 2-3 times a week for 12-16 weeks. Treatment will start for 30 seconds and build up to a maximum of around 15 minutes. This is individual and will depend on how treatment is tolerated. The itching should reduce and the eczema slowly clear as treatment continues. Phototherapy will continue for a maximum number of weeks until the skin is clear or almost clear, and the itching has improved. The phototherapy will stop after the prescribed individual course. It is very important that people attend sessions regularly (and do not miss sessions) to optimise the chances of success.

Types of phototherapy

There are three types of phototherapy used in the treatment of atopic eczema – broadband UVB, narrowband UVB, and UVA. Sometimes other wavelengths of light, known as UVA1 and UVB, may be used.

Broadband UVB phototherapy

In this type of phototherapy, the wavelength of treatment increases with each visit unless the skin becomes pink (in people with lighter skin tones). Broadband UVB is an older form of phototherapy and is not very effective at clearing eczema. This being the case, a different type of UVB, narrowband UVB (often referred to as TL01), is usually used instead.

Narrowband UVB (TL01) phototherapy

With narrowband UVB, the light tubes produce a narrow part of the UVB spectrum. Two wavelengths – between 311 and 313 nm (nanometres) – penetrate more effectively into the skin than the older broadband sources and are able to reduce inflammation and itching and improve the flare of eczema. The dose of UV given at each treatment is also higher compared to the broadband dose, because many of the unwanted wavelengths that cause the skin to burn are excluded. Once clearance is achieved, narrowband UVB can often induce a longer period of clear skin. The time spent in the phototherapy machine at the beginning is very short, and gradually increases at each visit, until the treatment course has been completed.

UVA phototherapy

This type of phototherapy uses longwave UVA light in conjunction with a photosensitising medicine called psoralen – a combination known as PUVA. Psoralen can be taken in tablet form 2-3 hours prior to each treatment, or added as a liquid to a bath of warm water in which a person soaks for 15 minutes. Alternatively, psoralen gel can be applied directly to small areas of skin. PUVA treatment is administered to the whole body in a stand up cabin, or can be given to localised areas such as the hands and feet with smaller, compact machines. PUVA should not be used if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

How long and what dosage is a course of phototherapy treatment?

A course is usually given 2-3 times a week for UVB and 2 times a week for PUVA. Both UVB and PUVA courses last on average around 12-16 weeks – maybe longer for severe cases. Shorter courses may also be given. Sometimes, weekly ‘maintenance courses’ are recommended for a short period after clearance. It is important that you are able to commit to a course of phototherapy as it may take some weeks before you see the benefits of treatment.

UVA and narrowband UVB treatment sessions are administered with a dose of light called joules. A joule is a unit of light energy. Your dose (J/cm2) is individual and will depend on the colour of your skin (or skin type) or – more accurately – be determined by a baseline series of 6-10 small test doses of UV to your skin. Before you start a course of phototherapy, you will receive a series of small test doses by shining a UVB light onto small circles marked on your back or arm, which will then be read the next day. This determines the starting dose of phototherapy (based on skin sensitivity to UVB) and establishes a minimal erythema dose (MED) for UVB and a minimal phototoxic dose (MPD) for PUVA. Generally, the dose at which clearance is achieved is up to 5J/cm2 of UVB and up to 15J/cm2 for tablet PUVA. However, dosage depends on your skin type. Phototherapy needs to be tailored to the individual and very carefully administered and monitored. The number of joules you are administered will be recorded and records kept – there is a maximum number of lifetime joules.

When is phototherapy used?

Phototherapy is used for children and adults with moderate to severe eczema that is not responding to conventional treatment with emollients and topical steroids. Phototherapy is not used if the person has a UV-sensitive dermatitis or a photo allergy disorder. People with these types of eczema are best treated in specialist clinics.

Narrowband and broadband UVB can be used in pregnancy and when breastfeeding, but PUVA should be avoided as the safety of psoralen has not been assessed in these circumstances.

What can I expect from my first visit?

On the day of your phototherapy treatment, do not wear perfumes, deodorants, aftershave lotions or other cosmetic products, as these may make you more sensitive to light. Do not apply creams or ointments to your skin (this includes emollients and topical steroids).

Phototherapy is usually given in a hospital clinic setting. To start with, a test dose is given to an area of your skin (if MED testing has not been done). The first few treatments are likely to be less than a minute, with the duration slowly increasing up to 15 minutes per session.

In order to prevent UVA wavelengths entering the eyes and possibly increasing the risk of cataracts in the long-term, protective goggles will be provided by the dermatology department to be worn during the actual treatment. These are similar in style to swimming goggles.

Glasses with UV protection also need to be worn for 12-24 hours after having oral PUVA. This is not necessary after bath PUVA. Bath PUVA does cause systemic absorption, but it is short-term, whereas PUVA tablets cause the whole skin to become sensitised for 24 hours, hence the need to wear glasses afterwards. Some units ask bath PUVA patients to wear glasses for a short time after treatment, but this is unusual. Since only a small area of the body is made light-sensitive with gel PUVA, there is no need to wear glasses after this type of treatment. The treatment clinic should be able to give advice on the type of sunglasses that are suitable. Clear UV coatings for non-tinted spectacles are also available.

Male patients must wear genital protection during both PUVA and UVB treatment.

As the light dosage increases throughout the course of treatment, if an area of skin is covered, it is important that it is always covered for every treatment (otherwise, it can burn with the higher dosage as it is not used to it). This is also important if you have a haircut or change your hairstyle. Keep hair down or tied up in the same style for every treatment.

What are the side effects?

It is normal for people with a lighter skin tone to experience some mild redness within 24 hours of treatment. This usually resolves quickly and, if not associated with discomfort, treatment will continue as planned. Despite efforts to prevent burning – i.e. by testing the skin’s sensitivity to light using controlled incremental doses for each treatment, careful skin assessments and asking about any side effects at each visit – occasionally sunburn-type reactions may occur with all types of phototherapy. If this happens, it is important to contact the hospital for appropriate advice. Burning that lasts for more than 24 hours is considered to be an adverse effect. In this situation, you need to be reviewed by the healthcare staff looking after you.

Skin dryness is also a common side effect, so it is important to use your emollients after treatment.

Cold sores can affect 1 in 30 people who have phototherapy. Report any early signs of tingling or a painful bump developing on the lips to the phototherapy nurse. People with a history of cold sores triggered by sunlight should routinely wear total sunblock lip balm during treatments to prevent cold sores developing.

Sometimes psoralen tablets can cause nausea – adjustments can be made in relation to the type of psoralen tablet to try to prevent this side effect. Taking the psoralen with food can also help minimise nausea. It is important that patients taking the tablets with food do so with the same amount of food each time to ensure similar absorption and efficacy at each treatment.

As with exposure to natural sunlight, long-term use of UV light therapy can result in accelerated ageing of the skin (e.g. freckles and wrinkles). More importantly, there is a potential risk of developing skin cancer. The skin cancer risk is related to the overall number of treatments and doses administered and also any pre-existing risk factors for skin cancer in patients. There are treatment thresholds for referring patients for a skin cancer review. The thresholds are after 200 treatments with PUVA and after 500 treatments with UVB. People who reach either of these thresholds must be referred for a skin cancer screening review.

When being treated, it is important not to add to the UV exposure with sunlight or sunbathing. Sunscreen (SPF50 or higher with a 4 or 5 UVA-star rating) must be applied every 2-3 hours when outside. Cover up with long-sleeved clothes and wear a wide-brimmed hat particularly on sunny days. Do not use sunbeds during the course of treatment. They would increase the UV dosage and could cause severe burning.

Should I still use my emollients and topical treatments?

You should continue to use emollients during the course of phototherapy. However, do not apply them shortly before phototherapy treatment unless advised to do so by your healthcare professional. You may need to use a greater quantity of emollient, especially after treatment, as the skin will be dry. Some people with eczema find that phototherapy makes them itchier, so using emollients for washing and bathing will also help.

You may be advised to continue with topical steroids during the course of phototherapy because of the risk of irritation and flare. If the eczema is improving, the potency of topical steroids will be reduced depending on the individual and their flare pattern. Topical steroids can be stopped if all eczema has cleared (although the patient will continue to use emollients).

Occasionally, small localised areas of eczema remain – e.g. on the ankles or wrists – after a course of phototherapy, and these will require continued treatment with topical steroids.

Topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCIs) – Elidel and Protopic – should not be used on phototherapy days as they make the skin more sensitive to light, which may increase the risk of burning. Patients may be advised to continue with TCIs on non-treatment days.

Is there anything I need to avoid while having phototherapy?

• Certain medicines can make you more sensitive to ultraviolet light, so let the phototherapy staff know what you are taking (including any new prescribed or over-the-counter medicines and herbal products).

• Avoid additional UV exposure from natural sunlight or sunbeds.
• It is important to avoid perfumes, deodorants, aftershave lotions and other cosmetics before UV treatment as some of these products may make you more sensitive to UV light and cause patchy discolouration of the skin, which may take months to fade. Follow the advice of phototherapy staff about applying emollients on treatment days.
• Do not have your hair cut short while on a course of phototherapy – if your skin has not been exposed to light for some time, it can burn easily.
• Avoid growing facial hair while receiving phototherapy (unless you already have a beard or moustache).
• Avoid eating excessive quantities of carrots, celery, citrus fruits, figs, parsley and parsnips, as these foods can increase your sensitivity to light.

Phototherapy for children

In children, phototherapy is used for severe eczema only, where other treatment options have failed and there is a significant negative impact on quality of life. Children should visit the clinic beforehand to see the light units and understand what they need to do. Initially, treatment is just for a few seconds and children quickly get used to the routine. The parent can remain by the unit and talk to the child; sometimes there is a window they can see each other through. Parents are occasionally allowed in the unit (but fully clothed to protect their skin) for the first few treatments until the child gets used to it.

For more information on phototherapy for children, please see the ‘Ask the Expert’ article below.

Is phototherapy the same thing as a sunbed salon in the high-street?

Phototherapy given in a hospital is not the same as using a sunbed. The high-street suntanning industry is unregulated – you will not know the amount of UV exposure you are receiving and your skin cancer risk will increase.

You can buy UVB machines for small areas such as hands – are these any good?

With home kits you cannot track the amount of UV exposure you have had, and therefore safety cannot be properly monitored. Anecdotally, we do not hear of positive responses from these machines.

To obtain the information on this page in a PDF format, please download our Phototherapy factsheet at the bottom of the page.

Phototherapy for children

This is an Ask the Expert Q&A with Julie Van Onselen, Dermatology Nurse Adviser to NES, which was published in Exchange 183, March 2022.

Q: I’ve heard about a treatment called phototherapy that could help my ten-year-old daughter’s eczema. She’s having really bad flare-ups and none of her creams seem to work. How does phototherapy work, what are the risks, and how do you access it?

Julie Van Onselen says: Phototherapy – a form of light therapy using narrow-band UVB or UVA light – can be useful. It doesn’t suit everyone, and in some people it actually aggravates their eczema, along with sunlight. Phototherapy is recommended only for children (generally five years or older) if their eczema is severe and not responding to creams and ointments.

Phototherapy works by targeting the overactive immune response in the skin, to reduce those itchy, irritated red or darker patches caused by flares. If successful, it can improve eczema for a while, but it is not a cure and the eczema may return.

Phototherapy is given as a course of sessions, generally over six-to-eight weeks, at a hospital dermatology department. You need to ask your GP to refer your daughter to a dermatologist, to discuss phototherapy as an option and access treatment.

As with any treatment, there are risks with phototherapy: in this case, dry skin, sunburnlike reactions, activation of cold sores, freckles and wrinkling. The dose must be very carefully calculated and treatment supervised, to avoid increased risk of skin cancer in adulthood.

When phototherapy starts, it involves two hospital sessions a week. Appointments should fit around your daughter’s school hours but may be in the evening. After an initial assessment and some light tests, to establish the best starting dose, the actual treatment will start at 10–30 seconds per session, building up to around ten minutes.

Your daughter will need to go into an enclosed cabinet (the phototherapy machine), undressed to her pants and wearing protective goggles, and stand still. You will be able to stand next to it and talk to her – and you can see each other through a window in the machine. If there is any problem, the door is opened immediately and the lights go off.

The staff operating the phototherapy machine (usually nurses) will help you both understand the process. As you get into a routine with phototherapy, the sessions at the hospital will be quick, and you should be able to pop in and out. Keep asking questions, especially if you have any concerns about your child’s eczema while undergoing treatment, such as sunburnlike reactions.

causes of development and principles of treatment of the disease

Eczema is an acute or chronic non-contagious inflammatory skin disease characterized by a variable rash, burning sensation, itching, and a tendency to flare up.

Eczema is an acute or chronic non-contagious inflammatory skin disease characterized by a variable rash, burning sensation, itching and a tendency to flare up.

The word eczema itself in Greek means “boiling”, because the disease is manifested by a rash and numerous blisters on the inflamed skin, which burst like air bubbles burst when water boils.

Eczema is a fairly common disease, accounting for 30% to 40% of all skin diseases[1].

Causes of the development of the disease

Speaking about the etymology of the disease – that is, about the causes and conditions of its occurrence, eczema develops as a result of the complex influence of various factors.

A significant role in the development of the disease is played by:

• predisposition to an allergic reaction;
• various immune disorders;
• human endocrine disorders, for example, malfunctions of the gonads, adrenal glands, or pituitary gland;
• concomitant diseases of the liver, gastrointestinal tract and pancreas;
• diseases of the nervous system, as well as a special state of mind of a person. Thus, it has been proven that eczema often develops for the first time and recurs against the background of serious nervous shocks and prolonged stress;
• metabolic disorders;
• the presence of foci of chronic infection: frequent otitis media, tonsillitis, pyelonephritis and even untreated caries;
• professional factors, such as working with chemicals and reagents, as well as prolonged exposure to hazardous work;
• eczema may develop around infected sores, fistulas, scratches and abrasions, it can also be provoked by hypothermia or friction;
• and in infants, the disease can manifest itself against the background of atopic dermatitis.

Stages of development of eczema

The disease develops in stages. It is customary to distinguish the following stages of the disease:

• Stage 1 (erythematous) is characterized by extensive reddening of the skin, changes do not have clear boundaries.
• Stage 2 (papular) is characterized by the appearance of a rash in the form of small nodules. Small foci of rashes can be combined into separate plaques. There is an increase in edema.
• Stage 3 (vesicular) is accompanied by the transformation of nodules into vesicles, with serous (inflammatory) fluid inside.
• stage 4 (weeping) is characterized by the fact that the bubbles burst, in place of the burst bubbles there are areas of damaged skin that secrete serous fluid (the so-called serous wells).
• stage 5 (crustous) is manifested by drying of the serous fluid on the surface of the skin, the formation and layering of crusts.
• Stage 6 (squamous) begins when dried crusts peel off. As a result, small whitish scales are separated. The crusts fall off, and the skin is restored, taking on its original form.

The disease can last from several days to 2-3 months, while the rashes appear in waves, so for eczema the varied nature of the rashes is typical. This means that at the same time, changes characteristic of different stages of the disease can be observed on the skin.

Depending on the nature of the manifestations on the skin and the duration of the disease, acute (weeping), subacute and chronic (dry) forms of eczema are distinguished.

The acute form is characteristic of all types of eczema, the chronic form can last for years.

Classification of eczema

Different types of eczema may differ in the nature of manifestations on the skin in accordance with the causes of the disease and other factors. The main ones are listed below.

True eczema (idiopathic)

True eczema appears as redness of the skin (erythema), sometimes with swelling and itching. Further, a rash and small vesicles with liquid (microvesicles) appear on the area of ​​redness, which, when opened, form weeping serous “wells”, covering the affected skin area with liquid.

Over time, the serous fluid dries up, and the damaged skin becomes covered with dry crusts of a grayish-yellow color. The disease can become chronic. At the same time, the upper keratinized layer of the skin often cracks, flakes and thickens. Symptoms may be accompanied by itching. Often, eczema is complicated by the addition of an infection.

True eczema most often begins in the upper body – head, arms, torso, gradually affecting the legs.

Mycotic (fungal) eczema

The cause of the disease is an allergic reaction to fungal infections, for example, candidiasis (thrush), lichen, skin and nail fungus, etc. , vesicles, weeping serous wells, dry crusts, but the foci of inflammation are more clearly defined.

In addition, the peculiarities of the origin of the disease lead to the need for special treatment, more careful selection of funds. For example, in the treatment of mycotic eczema, it is highly undesirable to use hormonal ointments and creams, since this can be an excellent basis for more intensive reproduction of fungi.

Microbial eczema

The source of microbial eczema is various bacterial pathogens, most often streptococci and staphylococci. That is why microbial eczema occurs in places of damaged skin – wounds, trophic ulcers, fistulas, etc. Of course, an additional factor in the development of the disease is a weakened immune system, which is on guard against various infections.

Most often, the disease affects the skin of the legs. The manifestations of eczema in this case has its own characteristics – typical elements can fester. Clean skin around the affected area is often covered with new foci of rashes, the disease spreads. The course of the disease is accompanied by severe itching.

Seborrheic eczema

Seborrheic eczema is caused by conditions such as dandruff and seborrhea.

Places of distribution of seborrheic eczema – skin areas rich in sebaceous glands – scalp, cheeks, nasolabial folds, auricles, chest, area between the shoulder blades.

Seborrheic eczema is characterized by greasy and scaly yellowish-brown patches with small papules. With a long course in the scalp, the disease can lead to baldness.

Dyshidrotic eczema

Dyshidrotic eczema is localized mainly in places where there is a thickened surface layer of the skin (epidermis) – palms and soles of the feet, lateral surfaces of the fingers.

Due to this feature, the symptoms are mild compared to other types of eczema.

Blisters in such eczema are dense, often located in the skin and translucent through it, resembling small grains. Patients are often disturbed by severe itching. If the disease is not treated, the rash can spread to the back of the hands, feet and other parts of the limbs; accompanied by trophic changes in the nails.

Occupational eczema

Occupational eczema occurs mainly on open areas of the body that have direct or indirect contact with the source of the allergic reaction.

This type of eczema is often observed in workers in the chemical, pharmaceutical, food and other industries, where a person encounters aggressive substances.

Children’s eczema

Children’s eczema is most often observed on the skin of the face, hands (true eczema), scalp (seborrheic eczema).

The reasons for the development of children’s eczema are not yet formed immune system, hereditary predisposition – the presence of eczema in one of the parents, especially the mother. Also, the risk of developing the disease increases if the parents had diseases such as eczema, allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, neurodermatitis. An important role can be played by the difficult course of pregnancy, artificial feeding, poor hygiene, hypersensitivity to various foods, and frequent colds in a child.

Symptoms of childhood eczema are similar to those of adult eczema, but weeping processes predominate, while true, microbial and seborrheic eczema is common in children.

Due to the similarity of manifestations, the term “childhood eczema” is often used as a synonym for atopic dermatitis.

Children’s eczema can be complicated by the addition of a secondary infection: bacterial or fungal.

Diagnosis of eczema

Diagnosis of eczema is carried out on the basis of a personal examination of the patient by a dermatologist.

The dermatologist orders an allergy test and an immune system test. Additionally, you may need to consult an allergist, immunologist, nutritionist.

If necessary, a microscopic examination for the presence of various fungi and bacteria, a blood test is prescribed.

How and with what to treat eczema?

When choosing the optimal treatment for eczema, it is important to take into account the age, characteristics and stage of the disease, as well as all concomitant diseases.

Principles of eczema treatment

• Elimination of all negative factors affecting the skin (dirt, synthetic clothing, chemicals, dampness, parasites, solar radiation, etc.).
• Appointment of a special diet, strengthening of immunity. Recommended light food, plenty of fluids. At the same time, fried, spicy, salty and fatty foods, canned food, alcohol, and smoking are excluded.
• Normalization of the psycho-emotional background;
• Relief of inflammation and itching;
• Infection control;
• Drying of weeping foci of inflammation;
• Normalization of trophism (nutrition) and repair (recovery) of the skin;

Good results in the treatment of eczema show preparations based on activated zinc pyrithione (SKIN-CAP). [3]

SKIN-CAP is available in three dosage forms: cream, aerosol, shampoo, which allows you to choose the most convenient remedy for the treatment of various forms of the disease, be it true eczema, microbial, seborrheic, children’s and others. All SKIN-CAP preparations have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antifungal effects.

Cream SKIN-CAP additionally moisturizes the skin, reducing flaking, the severity of dry rashes, crusts and scales in eczema.

Thanks to its drying effect, SKIN-CAP aerosol is practically indispensable for weeping manifestations of eczema on the skin.

Shampoo SKIN-CAP can be used in cases of localized rashes on the skin of the scalp (for example, with seborrheic eczema).

SKIN-CAP preparations have a high safety profile[4], cream and aerosol are approved for use in children from one year old.[3]

[1] Legesse D.G., Prokhorenkov V.I. On the pathogenesis of eczema. // Siberian Medical Review, 2003. No. 1. Ss. 65-67.

[2] Perlamutrov Yu.N., Olkhovskaya K.B. Evaluation of the effectiveness of skin-cap in the treatment of children with seborrheic and microbial eczema // /Russian Allergological Journal / № 2 2005.

[3] according to the instructions for use of cream and aerosol SKIN-CAP.

[4] the only contraindication to use is individual intolerance to the components of the drug.

Eczema in children: causes, symptoms and treatment

Content

• 1 Eczema in children: causes, symptoms and treatments
  • 1.1 Eczema in children: causes, symptoms and treatment
    • 1.1.1 What is eczema?
  • 1.2 Why does eczema occur in children?
  • 1.3 What are the types of eczema?
  • 1.4 Symptoms of atopic eczema in children
  • 1.5 Diagnosis of eczema in children: basic methods
    • 1.5.1 Medical examination
    • 1.5.2 Blood tests
    • 1.5.3 Dermatological tests
    • 1.5.4 Allergen test
  • 1. 6 How can eczema be prevented in children?
  • 1.7 Treatment of eczema in children
    • 1.7.1 Treatment of simple forms of eczema
    • 1.7.2 Treatment of severe forms of eczema
    • 1.7.3 Alternative treatments
    • 1.7.4 As an additional preventive measure
  • 1.8 Medicines for the treatment eczema in children
    • 1.8.1 Glucocorticosteroids
    • 1.8.2 Calcium or zinc creams
    • 1.8.3 Antihistamines
  • 1.9 Folk remedies for eczema in children
  • 1.10 Physiotherapeutic methods in the treatment of eczema in children
    • 1.10 .1 Basic principles of physiotherapy for eczema
    • 1.10.2 Physiotherapy methods used for eczema
    • 1.10.3 Conclusion
  • 1.11 Complications of eczema in children
  • 1.12 Related videos:
  • 1.13 Q&A:
    • • 1.13.0.1 What is eczema?
      • 1.13.0.2 What are the causes of eczema in children?
      • 1. 13.0.3 What are the symptoms of eczema in children?
      • 1.13.0.4 What are the treatments for eczema in children?
      • 1.13.0.5 Can diet help children with eczema?
      • 1.13.0.6 Can eczema cause serious health consequences for a child?

Learn about the causes and treatment of eczema in children. What to do if your child is experiencing rashes, itching and skin inflammation? Tips and tricks in the article on our website.

Eczema is one of the most common and difficult skin diseases, difficult to treat and often recurring. It is an inflammatory skin disease that can occur in people of all ages, including children.

Most experts believe that the cause of eczema in children is related to heredity and often appears immediately after birth. However, environmental factors, allergic reactions to food, cosmetics or household chemicals can also cause eczema in children. It is important to know the right risk factors and be able to prevent eczema from occurring.

Symptoms of eczema in children include itching, redness of the skin, formation of blisters and blisters, peeling of the skin, scratches, bumps on the skin as a result of scratching. Intolerable itching is the main and most annoying symptom, which can be very tiring and difficult for a child.

Without professional treatment, eczema in children can lead to many serious consequences, such as sleep disturbances, infections, other allergic reactions, and sometimes even depression. This article will discuss the correct treatment for eczema in children to relieve pain and itching, as well as stop the development of the disease.

Eczema in children: causes, symptoms and treatment

What is eczema?

Eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that presents as itchy, dry, crusty patches on the skin. Eczema in children can occur anywhere on the skin, but is more common on the face, neck, arms, legs, and folds of the body.

Eczema in children can take many forms, from mild to severe. It can cause many problems, including hypersensitivity to skin products, painful cracks, and infections.

Why does eczema occur in children?

Eczema is a skin disease that most often occurs in childhood. Spots appear on the skin that are very itchy, flaky and sometimes even bleed. This unpleasant disease can affect the quality of life and mood of the child.

The causes of eczema in children can be different. One of the main reasons is a violation of the immune system. Here, both the genetic factor and the influence of environmental factors are important.

Also, eczema can be associated with malnutrition. It is important to make sure your child is getting enough vitamins and minerals, and to avoid foods that they may be allergic to.

• Other causes of eczema in children can be:
• Disorders of the digestive system.
• Inefficient functioning of the circulatory system.
• Bad ecology.
• Stress.

What are the types of eczema?

Eczema is a common skin condition that can occur in children and is caused by a malfunction of the immune system. There are several types of eczema, each with its own characteristics and treatments.

1. Allergic eczema (atopic dermatitis) is a type of eczema that results from an allergic reaction to food, pollen, or other allergens. Symptoms may include itching, peeling skin, blisters, and cracks.
2. Contact eczema – occurs as a result of contact with irritating substances such as soap, deodorant, cosmetics, etc. Symptoms may include redness, itching, and blistering of the skin.
3. Seborrheic eczema – caused by a violation of fat metabolism in the skin. Symptoms may include itching, redness, and yellowish scales on the skin.

The treatment of eczema depends on the type of disease and the age of the patient. It is important to consult a doctor in a timely manner, who will diagnose and suggest the appropriate course of treatment. It is also important to follow the rules of hygiene and prevention in order to avoid exacerbations of the disease.

Symptoms of atopic eczema in children

Atopic eczema is one of the most common dermatological diseases in children, which severely affects the quality of life of the child and his environment.

Symptoms of eczema in children are characterized by:

• Severe itching . The child may constantly scratch the skin, which leads to injury and bleeding. Itching is accompanied by burning and redness of the skin.
• Eruptions on the skin . These can be dots, bubbles, dry or wet spots. Lesions can occur anywhere on the body, but are most common on the face, neck, wrists, ankles, elbows, and knees.
• Dry skin . The child’s skin becomes very dry, flaky and may crack. This can cause the skin to lose its protective function and become prone to infections.
• Skin swelling . In some cases, tumors or swelling appear on the skin, which may indicate that the infection has joined the eczema.

If a child shows one or more symptoms of eczema, a pediatric dermatologist should be contacted immediately. Self-medication can cause serious harm to the health of the child and lead to complications of the disease.

Diagnosis of eczema in children: basic methods

Medical examination

Diagnosis of eczema begins with a complete physical examination of the child. The doctor may ask parents for information about allergic reactions, the presence of other diseases and the nutrition of the baby. After the examination, the doctor may prescribe tests to clarify the diagnosis.

Blood tests

Some types of eczema are associated with allergies or immune system disorders. Without proper diagnosis and treatment, symptoms can only get worse.

The most common blood tests for eczema are IgE and RAST antibody tests. These tests allow you to determine the level of allergic reactions in the child’s body.

Dermatological tests

Dermatological tests may be done to effectively diagnose eczema in a child. A dermatologist may take skin samples for further analysis. Also, a dermatologist can find out which parts of the body are affected by eczema.

Allergen test

If eczema may be caused by allergic reactions, parents may be given an allergen test. This will help to identify which aggressive substances the child reacts most strongly to. Often allergens are raw materials found in food, household chemicals, industrial pollution, etc.

• In general
• Diagnosis of eczema in children consists of several stages.
• This may include a medical examination, dermatological tests, blood tests, and allergy tests.
• For an accurate diagnosis, it is always best to consult an experienced doctor.

How can eczema be prevented in children?

Prevention of eczema in children is an important step in keeping the skin healthy and preventing it from developing in the future. One of the main ways to prevent eczema is proper skin care. Regularly moisturizing the skin with special moisturizing oils and creams helps keep the skin healthy and prevents it from drying out.

An important preventive factor is also the observance of the child’s hygiene: frequent washing of hands and body, the use of hypoallergenic hygiene products and clothing, skin care after contact with harmful substances. In addition, it is recommended to avoid contact of the child with irritating and allergenic substances, such as chemical detergents, deodorants or insecticides.

Finally, it is important to maintain the child’s mental health. Mental disorder can be one of the reasons for the development of eczema. Talk to your child, support him, help him cope with stress and avoid possible psychological problems.

Treatment of eczema in children

Treatment of simple forms of eczema

Treatment of eczema in children depends on the form and severity of the disease. For simple forms of eczema, doctors usually recommend the use of mild skin moisturizers and corticosteroid ointments. In addition, it is important to follow the rules of hygiene and avoid contact with possible allergens.

Treatment of severe eczema

For severe eczema, doctors may prescribe systemic corticosteroids or immunosuppressants. It is important to understand that this type of treatment can be accompanied by serious side effects and requires strict medical supervision.

Alternative treatments

In addition to traditional treatments, there are various alternative treatments that can help reduce the symptoms of eczema in children. For example, some parents use aloe vera compresses, or add an herbal decoction to the baby’s bath water. It is imperative to consult a doctor before using such treatments in order to exclude the possibility of negative consequences.

As an additional preventive measure

As an additional preventive measure, it is important to monitor the child’s hygiene, choose the right food, avoid contact with possible allergens and use special creams and lotions for skin care. In case of deterioration of the skin condition, be sure to seek the help of a specialist in order to start treatment in a timely manner.

Medicines for eczema in children

The treatment of eczema in children is a complex task that is usually carried out by competent dermatologists. For best results, doctors use a variety of medications that can help manage the symptoms of this disease.

Glucocorticosteroids

Glucocorticosteroids are one of the popular medicines for treating eczema in children. These remedies are hormonal drugs that help reduce inflammation and itching, as well as speed up the healing of affected areas of the skin.

Calcium or zinc creams

In addition, some doctors use calcium or zinc creams to treat eczema in children. These creams can help improve skin condition, reduce itching, and prevent the symptoms of eczema from recurring.

Antihistamines

Another important drug used to treat eczema in children is antihistamines. They help reduce itching and prevent allergic reactions, which can help reduce the symptoms of eczema.

However, if your child has eczema, remember that self-medication can be dangerous. It is imperative to consult a doctor and get recommendations for treatment in order to avoid possible complications.

Folk remedies for eczema in children

Eczema in children is a condition that causes a lot of discomfort and pain. Although conventional methods include the use of drugs, traditional methods are also an effective treatment option.

• Oatmeal: Using oatmeal can help relieve itching and irritation on baby’s skin. Use a trash cloth to cut loose particles, organic grits are best.
• Garlic: This is a natural antibiotic that can help relieve eczema. Cut the garlic in half and apply to the affected area for a few minutes. Be careful not to burn the garlic on your skin.
• Soda: Mix water and baking soda, apply to skin and leave for a few minutes. It also helps reduce itching and irritation. However, you should consult your doctor before using this method.

Do not forget that the treatment of eczema in children should be carried out only under the guidance of a doctor and folk remedies should be used with caution.

Physiotherapeutic methods in the treatment of eczema in children

Basic principles of physiotherapy in eczema

Physiotherapeutic methods are one of the important components of the complex treatment of eczema in children. They are aimed at reducing the inflammatory process, reducing itching and improving skin regeneration. A feature of this method is that it affects the problem area without chemicals, which makes it safe and effective for children of all ages.

Physiotherapeutic methods used for eczema

1. Ultrasound therapy – impact on the skin with ultrasound, which helps to reduce swelling and inflammation, and also activates blood circulation and accelerates skin regeneration processes. This procedure is non-invasive and painless, so it can be done at any age.
2. IFO – infrared irradiation – used to eliminate inflammation, swelling, itching and activate regenerative processes.
3. Microwave therapy – impact on problem areas of the skin with microwave electromagnetic fields. This method has optimal penetration and maximum efficacy in the treatment of eczema in children.
4. Compresses – used for eczema to reduce itching and accelerate skin regeneration processes. Compresses can be wet or dry and applied to the problem area of ​​the skin.

Conclusion

Physiotherapy is a safe and effective way to treat eczema in children. A properly selected complex of physiotherapeutic methods helps to cope with the inflammatory process, improve blood circulation, accelerate skin regeneration processes and get rid of itching.

Complications of eczema in children

Eczema can lead to several complications such as bacterial and viral infections, atopic dermatitis, and allergic reactions.

Atopic dermatitis may result from the prolonged existence of eczema in a child. The skin becomes drier and looser, which can lead to itching and discomfort. To prevent atopic dermatitis, it is necessary to use moisturizers, especially after bathing.

The development of allergic reactions is possible when using unsuitable medicines and cosmetics. To prevent this, you must consult a doctor and avoid using funds without his recommendation.

Related videos:

Q&A:

What is eczema?

Eczema is an inflammatory skin condition that causes dryness, flaking, itching and redness. It can occur in children and adults.

What are the causes of eczema in children?

Causes of eczema in children can be varied: impaired protective functions of the skin, allergies to food or substances in the environment, hereditary factors, infections, etc.

What are the symptoms of eczema in children?

Symptoms of eczema in children may include: dryness, flaking, itching, redness, suppuration, crusting, etc. Symptoms can be mild or severe and can greatly affect a child’s quality of life.

What methods of treatment of eczema in children exist?

Treatment of eczema in children depends on the severity of the symptoms and the underlying cause.